Wildfire Dziviriro Imba uye Ember Kuomesa: Iyo 0-ku-5-Ntsoka Yetsoka uye ⅛-Inch Vent Mesh.¶

Post-fire forensic investigations ne Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety (IBHS), the United States Forest Service (USFS) Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory, uye CAL FIRE zvakaratidza chokwadi chinokatyamadza nezvenjodzi dzemusango-urban interface (WUI): **kusvika 90% yedzimba dziri kuparadzwa nekupiswa kwesango. nemhepo inopfuta (mafirebrands) inofamba makiromita 1.5 kusvika ku8 (mamaira 1 kusvika ku5) pamberi pemoto pamberi **. Munguva yedutu remhepo inodzika, imba imwe chete inoputirwa nemakumi ezviuru zvemarasha anopenya paminiti inotenderera mukati ** yakaoma pine tsono mukati memagata edenga **, inobatidza ** shredded huni bark mulch yakaiswa pakatarisana nevinyl kana huni siding **, kana kuvhuvhuta zvakananga kuburikidza ** standard. 6 millimeter (1/4-inch) attic uye crawlspace louver vents ** yekubatidza mabhokisi akachengetwa muimba yepamusoro apo miti yakakomberedza inoramba isina kubatwa. Nekumisikidza isingabatike zvachose 0-kusvika-1.5-mita (0-kusvika-5-tsoka) Ember-Resistant Zone ("Zone 0") yakatenderedza hwaro hwako, kudzoreredza mamhepo ese ne 3 millimeter (1/8-inch) simbi isingadziviriri mesh, uye nekuita maminetsi gumi nemashanu pre-evacuation yekutarisa usati waenda, unowedzera zvinoshamisa izvo zvisingagoneki kuti imba yako irarame. Rongedza kuomarara kwemba yako moto wesango, kuderera kwemhepo uye ember cast,uye wako evacuation go-bag, uye chengetedza nzvimbo yako nhamba dze emergency (911 muUnited States neCanada, 112 mhiri kweEuropean Union, 999 muUnited Kingdom).

Ita izvi ikozvino¶

1. **Bvisa shizha rimwe nerimwe rakaoma, tsono yemupaini, uye davi kubva mumatairi edenga rako uye mumipata yedenga nhasi.**Kunyange paimba ine Kirasi A inopimwa nemoto shingle, mataira evhu, kana denga resimbi, tsama yetsono dzepaini dzakaoma dziri mumugero wemvura dzinobatidza mukati memasekonzi embatya inomhara mairi, ichinangidzira moto wemapuranga zvakananga pasi pedenga remba.
2. Bvisa matanda ese makwati mulch, uswa hwepaini, matanda ane huni, nehuni kubva kutanga 0 kusvika 1.5 metres (0 kusvika 5 tsoka) kutenderedza madziro ekunze emba yako ("Zone 0"). Tsiva organic mulch yehuni nemakwenzi ehwaro mukati me1.5 metres (5 tsoka) kubva kumativi ako, madhiri, madhoo, rwizi rwekongiri, uye dombo rekongiri. ivhu**. Fambisa matura ehuni nematanda angangoita 9 metres (30 tsoka) kure kubva pamba (uye zvakanaka kukwidza kwete kudzika).
3. ** Retrofit yega yega attic gable vent, soffit eave vent, uye crawlspace foundation vent ne 3 millimeter (1/8-inch) mesh yesimbi isingatsvi.** Dzimba dzechikuru dzine 6 millimeter (1/4-inch) jira rewaya pamusoro pemavhavha, iro rinoita kuti 4-millimeter marasha anopenya avhuvhute akananga muimba yepamusoro. Staple or screw 3 millimeter (1/8-inch) simbi kana bhuronzi waya mesh pamusoro pemavhesi aripo, kana kukwidziridza kuenda ku **ASTM E2886 yakasimbiswa ember-uye-inomira-inomira-inodzivirirwa nemhepo yakavharwa **.
4. Tvanza mamita 1.5 ekupedzisira efenzi ipi neipi yemapuranga painonamira kumadziro emba yako negedhi resimbi kana kuti penzura isingabatike. Fenzi yemisidhari kana yepine yakavanzika inoita sefiyuzi ("wiki") inotakura moto kubva kumucheto kwechivanze yakananga kudivi remba yako. Kuisa ** simbi kana aluminium gedhi ** (kana fiber-simende chikamu) apo fenzi inosangana neimba inotyora nzira yemoto.
5. ** Tsvaira pasi pedeki yako yemapuranga kana yemubatanidzwa, bvisa zvese zvakachengetwa pasi payo, uye vharira denderedzwa 3 millimeter (1/8-inch) kutariswa kwesimbi.** Gomba rakasviba riri nechepasi pedenga rakadzikira rinoita seriva rinotenderera nemhepo uko marasha anofambiswa nemhepo anoungana nezviuru. Bvisa macushion ane lawn, matanda asara, makadhibhokisi, uye mashizha akaoma kubva pasi pemadheki ese nemavharanda nekukasika.
6. Kana Nyevero kana Order yekubuda kweWildfire yakapihwa: Ita Maminiti gumi nemashanu Pre-Evacuation House Prep Checklist wobva wabva ipapo. Vhara mahwindo ese, skylights, uye magonhi emukati; bvisa machira emachira; uuye nemacushion epapatio, makonati-coir doormats, uye epurasitiki marara bhini ** mukati memba kana garaji **; vhara vharuvhu yako yepropane tank; batidza mwenje wekunze kuti vanodzima moto vaone imba yako muhutsi hwakafuta; uye kurumidza kubuda.

Muti wesarudzo: Kuomeswa kwemoto wemusango uye maminitsi gumi nemashanu pre-evacuation workflow¶

Shandisa iyi engineering uye triage flowchart kuongorora kusadzikama kwemba yako mwaka wemoto usati wasvika uye tora chirango chekusimuka kana Yambiro yeRed Flag kana Evacuation Order yapihwa.

flowchart TD
    Start["Wildfire Home Defense & Ember Hardening Strategy"] --> Phase{"Uri kugadzirira mwaka wemoto usati wasvika kana pasi peYambiro yeFire Fire?"}

    Phase -->|"1. Pre-Season Structural & Landscape Hardening"| Audit["BASA KUBVA PADENGA PASI & THE WALL OUTWARD :; 1. Roof & Gutters: Kirasi A Denga + yakachena magata + simbi inodonha mupendero + shiri-zvinomira; 2. Vents: Retrofit all attic/crawlspace vents ne 3 mm (1/8-inch) metal mesh; 3. Zone 0 (0 kusvika 1.5 m / 0 kusvika 5 ft): Tsiva matanda mulch & shrubs nematombo / mapavers; 4. Fences & Decks: Isa 1.5 m (5 ft) gedhi resimbi pamadziro eimba + chidzitiro pasi pemadhiki; 5. Windows & Siding: Dual-pane girazi rinodziya + 15 cm (6 mu) masonry/simbi base clearance"]

    Phase -->|"2. Active Wildfire Watch / Pre-Evecuation Warning"| Prep15["ITA 15-MINUTE PAKUTANGA KUBUDA IMBA KUKAYIWA :; 1. Motokari yekumashure ichipinda munzira yakatarisana nemugwagwa ine maGo-Bags & pets dzakaiswa mukati; 2. Fambisa macushion epatio, magonhi, mitsvairo & marara epurasitiki INDOORS; 3. Vhara mahwindo ese, magonhi egaraji, madhamu emoto & ESE musuwo wemukati; 4. Vhara kunze kwepropane tank valve; siya mavharuvhu emvura emanisiparati AZIMA; 5. Prop simbi manera pakona yemba & BATIdza magetsi ese emukati/kunze"]

    Prep15 --> Order{"Murairo Wekubuda Wakapihwa KANA Utsi/Marasha Kusvika Muvakidzani?"}
    Order -->|"Hongu"| LeaveNow["BUDA PAPO MBERI PAVED DESIGNTED NZIRA; (Usamirire ziviso yemapurisa yeimba neimba)"]

Chikamu 1: Iyo fizikisi yekubatidza moto wemusango (Nei kupisa, kwete marimi, kupisa nharaunda)¶

Kuti uomese imba zvine mutsindo, unofanirwa kunzwisisa nzira nhatu dzinobatidza zvivakwa nemoto wesango: ** Windborne Embers (Firebrands) **, ** Radiant Heat **, uye ** Direct Flame Contact **.

1. ** Windborne Ember Showers (Inotariswa kusvika 90% yeMakutanga Ignitions):** Sezvo moto wesango uchipisa nemumiti, chaparral, kana zvivakwa zvakavakidzana, zvigadziriso zvine simba zvinoburitsa mamirioni emapazi ari kupisa, makwati anopisa, uye zvimedu zveshingle zvakakwira kumusoro mumhunga. Mhepo ine mhepo ine simba inotakura zvirasha izvi zvinopenya 1.5 kusvika 8 makiromita (1 kusvika 5 mamaira) pamberi pemutsara mukuru wemoto. Zvidzidzo zveAerodynamic wind-tunnel pa IBHS Research Center zvinoratidza kuti kana mhepo yarova madziro emba yakamira, inoita mhirizhonga (whirlpools of air) pazasi pazasi pemadziro ekunze, mukati memakona emukati, pasi pedenga repamusoro, uye nepadenga remba. Aya mavhu anoisa madhiri emazimba anopenya apo varidzi vemba vanowanzoisa shredded mulch, mashizha akaoma, makonati-fiber magonhi, uye wicker patio fenicha. Kana iyo mulch kana gonhi rikabatidza pazasi pemadziro, murazvo unokwira padivi, unopwanya magirazi egirazi mahwindo, kana kupinda musofit eaves mukati me3 kusvika 6 maminetsi.
2. Radiant Heat Ignition: Imba yemuvakidzani ari kutsva, imba yekuchengetera yemapuranga yakavharirwa, motokari yakapakwa yekutandara (RV), kana mutsara wakakora wearborvitae/juniper hedges iri mukati me 3 kusvika 9 metres (10 kusvika 30 feet) yemba yako inopenya infrared heat (\(20\text{kusvika }60\text{}\)W). Mukati memaminetsi mashanu kusvika gumi nemashanu ekuvhenekerwa, mahwindo egirazi anoyangarara anotsemuka nekudonha (achibvumira marasha kuti adire akananga pamaketeni eimba yekutandarira nemasofa) uye vinyl kana huni siding pyrolyzes mumurazvo pasina kana murazvo umwe wakambobata madziro.
3. Surface Flame Creep ("Wicking"): Marimi emoto anokwira zvishoma nezvishoma nemuuswa hwehuswa haawanzo kubudisa kupisa kwakaringana kuti atungidze madziro ega kana faibha-simende, kusvikira asvika pa "tambo" inoenderera yakaita se fenzi yehuni yakavharirwa padivi pemba,murwi wehuni wakaturikidzwa pagaraji, kana mulch yehuni pasi pedhiza*.

Chikamu 2: Defensible Space Zones 0, 1, uye 2 (Nei iyo 0-to-5-Nyambo Zone iri zvese)¶

Sainzi yemazuva ano yemoto wemusango (yakanyorwa ne NFPA 1144, **IBHS Wildfire Prepared Home **, uye California Public Resources Code 4291) inokamura chivakwa chako kuita matatu akatarisana ** Defensible Space Zones **, kutanga kumadziro ekunze kwemba yako uye kushanda kunze:

Chikamu 3: Imba yezvivakwa inoomesa kubva padenga kusvika panheyo¶

Kunyangwe uchigara munzvimbo yakaomesesa yedhorobha uko mutsetse wako wejenya unogumira 3 metres (10 tsoka) kubva pamba pemuvakidzani wako, zvimiro zvekudzoreredza zvinomisa marasha uye kupisa kunopenya kubva kunopinda muhamvuropu yechivako chako.

1. Denga Kuvhara, Mipata, Gutters, uye Clay Tile "Shiri-Stops"¶

Denga rako rine nzvimbo yakakura yakatwasuka yakafumurwa mazimbe anodonha: - Kuyera Kwepadenga: Chengetedza Kirasi A Inoyerwa Nemoto Padenga Musangano (kuumba fiberglass asphalt shingles, flat kongiri/matairi evhu, simbi yakamira-yakashongedzwa, kana slate). Wood shake uye matenga ehuni shingle injodzi dzemoto dzakanyanyisa dzinobatidza munzvimbo dzakawanda panguva imwe chete. - Mataira evhu eSpanish / Barrel Anoda "Kumira-Shiri" uye Kuiswa Chisimbiso: Nepo ivhu nekongiri mataira pachawo asingakwanise kupisa, akavharidzirwa mbiya dzeSpanish anosiya mikaha yakavhurika padenga remba uye mikwidza inovaka matendere euswa hwakaoma uye marasha anopeperetswa nemhepo akananga pasi pemataira pabepa rinobvira. Nama mataira ese akavhurika anopera ne **simbi kana dhaka shiri-zvimisa **. - Kuchenesa Guta uye Magadhi Asingapisi: Chenesa mashizha netsono dzepaini kubva mumapombi nemumipata yepadenga nguva zhinji munguva yemoto. Isa ** isingabatiki aruminiyamu kana simbi isina simbi micro-mesh gutter magadhi ** (haambofi akachipa vinyl / epurasitiki snap-mumagadhi egata, anonyungudusa nekudonhedza purasitiki rinopfuta pasi pamadziro) UYE simbisa kuti ** simbi inodonha-kumucheto inopenya ** inovhara mukaha pakati pedenga remba uye gutter kumashure.

2. Retrofitting Attic, Soffit, uye Crawlspace Vents (3 mm / 1/8-Inch Mesh Rule)¶

Mamhepo asina kuvharwa kana kuvharwa zvine hunyoro ndiyo nhamba-imwe yekupinda portal yemazimba ekupisa imba kubva mukati kuenda kunze: - Nei 6 mm (1/4-inch) jira rehardware rinotadza: Makodhi ekuvaka akajairwa akatenderwa kare 6 millimeter (1/4-inch) waya mambure pamusoro pemba yedenga remba, maeve vents, uye crawlspace vents. Wind-tunnel test inoratidza kuti kupisa marasha 3 to 6 millimeters mudhayamita pfuura nemo 1/4-inch mesh uye kubatidza makadhibhokisi akachengetwa, zvekushongedzwa kwezororo, kana kufumura cellulose insulation mukati medenga remba kana crawlspace. - Maitiro eRetrofit mune Imwe Masikati: 1. Tenga roll ye 3 millimeter (1/8-inch) simbi yakarukwa, simbi isina tsvina, kana jira rewaya yebhuronzi (hazvina fibreglass kana sikirini yetumbuyu yepahwindo renaironi, inonyunguduka pakarepo kana yasangana nen’anga imwe chete). 2. Cheka zvigamba zve 3 mm (1/8-inch) Mesh yesimbi yakakura zvishoma pane yega yega vent, under-eave soffit vent, uye foundation crawlspace vent, wozvisungirira zvakachengetedzeka pamusoro pekuvhura kwavepo uchishandisa stainless sheet-metal screws uye fender washers ** kana zvinorema pneumatic staples muhuni. 3. (Nzvenga 1.6 mm / 1/16-inch simbi mesh pane attic vents kunze kwekunge akagadzirirwa mambure emahara emhepo nzvimbo, se 1/16-inch maburi anovharika nekukasira nemucheka uye huruva, achivharira mwando muimba yako yedenga). 4. Goridhe-Standard Kukwidziridza: Tsiva mavharuvhu akavhurika neWUI-yakasimbiswa ASTM E2886 ember-uye-flame-resistant vents** (anoshandisa mukati memuzinga wehuchi machira anozvimba nekuvharika kana akafumurwa nekupisa kunodarika \(175 madhigirii C / 350 madhigirii 350 F\) kana emukati tracyclic bamber). 5. Dzimba Dyer & Bathroom Exhaust Vents: Simbisa kuti mbatya dzako dzekunze dzekuomesa madziro vent ine ** spring-yakaremerwa kana inorema simbi damper flap ** (chinja yakatsemuka maflaps epurasitiki nekukasira) uye yakachena lint kunze kwe duct kuitira kuti marasha asakwanise kubatidza dryer lint mukati memadziro.

3. Eaves, Siding, Windows, uye Gap reGarage Door¶

• Boxed-In Soffit Eaves vs. Open-Rafter Eaves: Mazariro edenga akavhurika (apo miswe yemapuranga yakashama inoita homwe dzakadzika pasi pedenga remba) inoteya kupisa kunowedzera uye kutenderera kwemazimba. Yakavharira maeves ne ** flat, yakachinjika boxed-in soffit ** yakagadzirwa nefiber-simende board, stucco, kana zvinhu zvinodzivirirwa nemoto zvinovharira marasha kubva pakugara mumapako emapuranga.
• Kunze Kwemadziro Siding & Iyo 15-Sendimita (6-Inch) Ground Clearance Rule: Noncombustible siding (**stucco, zvidhinha, dombo, fiber-simende board [HardiePlank], kana simbi **) inopa kuramba kwakakura kudarika vinyl siding (iyo inopfava uye inosvuura yakavhurika pamadhora makumi manomwe neshanu pasi pe $ 75 madhigirii epasi pe $ 1. kana danda remisidhari. Gara uchichengetedza ** ingangoita masendimita gumi nemashanu (6 inches) yemadziro ehwaro hwekongiri asingabatike asingabatike kana simbi inopenya ** pakati pevhu revhu/rukangara uye kumucheto kwehuni kana mativi akaumbwa.
• Dual-Pane Tempered Glass Windows: Imwe-pani yakavharirwa girazi inotsemuka uye inodonha mushure me1 kusvika 3 maminetsi yekupenya kwekupisa kubva mugwenzi rinopfuta kana shedhi yemuvakidzani. Mahwindo maviri-akavharirwa mahwindo ane girazi rinodziya (kunyanya pahwindo rekunze) anoshingirira kureba zvakapetwa kana pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya nekuti kana peni ine hasha yekunze ikatsemuka, peni yemukati inoramba yakasimba kuitira kuti marasha asabuda mumba.
• Kuvhara Garage Door Perimeter Gaps: Magaraji akavharirwa uye akabatanidzwa anoremerwa nemagaba epeturu anobvira, pendi yakapfava, makadhibhokisi mabhokisi, uye lawnmowers, asi akajairwa pamusoro pegaraji magonhi ane. 12 to 25 millimeter (1/2 to 1 inch) makwanza emhepo achitevedza makwara ekumativi uye nechepasi chikumbaridzo cherabha apo marasha anopeperetswa nemhepo ari pasi chaipo. Isa inorema-basa EPDM rabha kana bhurashi weatherstripping seals pamwe nechepamusoro, mativi, uye pasi pegaro regaraji.

4. Kuomesa Decks, Porches, Skylights, uye Chimney Spark Arrestors¶

Akanamirwa emapuranga kana akaumbwa dhizaini uye pamusoro pedenga skylights maviri eanowanzoitika echipiri ekubatidza nzira pane dzimwe dzimba dzisingadziviriri moto: - Deck Underbelly Screening uye Flute-Gap Cleaning: Kana deki yemapuranga kana yemubatanidzwa ikabatira moto, haimbobatike kubva pamazimbe anomhara pamapuranga ekufamba ari pamusoro; pachinzvimbo, marasha anobatidza mashizha akaoma, tsono dzepaini, nehuni dzakachengetwa pasi pedeki, kana kugara mukati mekamani 5 millimeter (3/16-inch) maburi pakati pemabhodhi edeki chaipo apo mapuranga anozorora pamusoro pemapuranga ekutsigira majoists. 1. Bvisa zvimedu zvese zvezvinhu zvinobvira kubva pasi pedeki uye woradzika ** 5-centimita (2-inch) mubhedha wematombo akapwanyika ** pamusoro pemucheka wepasi pasi pese dheki tsoka. 2. Isa inonamatira aruminiyamu kana butyl-foil joist inopenya tepi nechekumucheto kwese kwemapuranga dhiki joist kuitira kuti marasha anowira pakati pemapuranga edhiki anomhara pasimbi foil pane kushama Douglas fir huni. 3. Vhara iyo yakavhurika yakatwasuka perimeter pakati pedeki rim joist nepasi uchishandisa 3 millimeter (1/8-inch) galvanized metal screening ** kana solid fiber-cement skirting panels kuitira kuti marasha asapfuudzira pasi pedeki. - Flat Tempered Glass Skylights vs. Domed Plastic Bubble Skylights: Yechinyakare acrylic kana polycarbonate domed "bubble" skylights inonyunguduka uye idonhedza purasitiki rinopfuta zvakananga pauriri hwekamuri kana mubhedha kana yarohwa nebazi rimwe hombe rinobvira kana ember cluster. Tsiva epurasitiki dome skylights munzvimbo dzemoto wemusango ne ** flat, dual-pane tempered-glass skylights inopenya nesimbi, uye usambosiya ma skylights anoshanda akavhurika panguva yekuyambira mhepo yeRed Flag. - ** Chimney uye Wood-Stove Spark Arrestors:** Isai ** yakanyorwa spark yekusunga chivharo chakavakwa negumi nemaviri-geji yakakandwa kana yakarukwa mesh yesimbi isina tsvina ine. 12 millimeter (1/2-inch) mazariro akanyanya** pamusoro pechimuni chese chemoto nechitofu chehuni kuitira kuti shiri dzisakwanise kugara mukati mepombi uye marasha arege kudonhedza chimuney muimba yako yekutandarira.

5. Kuongorora "Torch Plants" vs. Low-Flammability Landscaping in Zone 1.¶

Hapana chirimwa chipenyu chinonyatso "kusapisa moto" kana pfupa-rakaoma mumhepo ye100-km/h (60-mph), ndosaka ** zero zvinomera zviri muZone 0 (0 kusvika 1.5 metres / 0 kusvika 5 tsoka) . Zvakadaro, mu ** Zone 1 (1.5 kusvika 9 metres / 5 kusvika 30 tsoka), kutsiva makwenzi asingachinji, ane mafuta ane hunyoro hwakakura kana zvirimwa zvinonaka zvinoderedza kureba kwemurazvo uye kupisa kunopenya:

Chikamu chechina: Iyo 15-Minute Pre-Evecuation House Lockdown Checklist¶

Kana moto wemusango ukabatidza mukati memakiromita gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu (mamaira gumi kusvika makumi maviri) enharaunda yako kana Chinhanho 2 ("Get Set") Yambiro Yekupoterera isati yapihwa, nyora chinyorwa ichi chakakosha chete kana uine nguva yakachengeteka usati wabuda. Usambononotsa kubviswa kwemhuri yako kuti upedze kugadzirira imba:

Kunze kweImba (5 kusvika 8 Maminitsi)¶

• Paka motokari yako yekubuda yakadzokera mumugwagwa (yakatarisana nemugwagwa) nemahwindo ese akapetwa, magonhi akakiiwa, kiyi muhomwe yako, uye mabhegi emhuri yako, magwaro akakosha, mishonga, uye mhuka dzinovaraidza mukati.
• ** Fambisa zvese zvinobvira vheranda uye zvinhu zveyadhi MUKATI memba kana garaji: ** Hunza ** machira epatio ezvigaro zvechigaro, wicker / machira epurasitiki macheya, maamburera, kokonati-fiber magonhi, mitsvairo, uye epurasitiki ane mavhiri marara / kudzokorodza mabhini ** mukati. (Kusiya chigaro chepatio chakasungirirwa pavharanda rako kana bhini remarara repurasitiki pamadziro egaraji rako ndiyo nzira inokurumidza yekupisa imba yakaomeswa).
• VIMA yako yekunze mvura propane (LP) tangi vharafu zvakasimba patangi dome (kana imba yako ichishandisa yakawanda propane tank kana patio BBQ propane masilinda, fambisa madiki 9-kg / 20-lb BBQ masilinda kure nemba uchipinda munzvimbo ine tsvina yakachena). Siya magasi egasi metres AKAVIRIRWA kunze kwekunge warairwa nezvishandiso kana imba yako yakakuvadzwa.
• ** Batanidza mapaipi egadheni kune ekunze faucets kuti vanodzima moto vakwanise kuashandisa, Isa manera esimbi pakona yekumberi kwemba, uye Siya mapombi ESE emvura nemasprinkers AKADZIMWA** (kuchengetedza kanzuru yemoto hydrant pressure).
• ** Vhura magedhi ekuchengetedza nzira (uye dhonza pini yekuburitsa pamagetsi gedhi mota) ** kuitira kuti injini dzemoto dzipinde munzira yako kunyangwe gidhi remagetsi rakundikana.

Mukati meImba (5 Maminitsi)¶

• Vhara nekubatisa hwindo rega rega, gonhi regirazi rinotsvedzeka, skylight, gonhi remhuka dzinovaraidza, uye chekudzima moto chemoto. Kunyange hwindo rakasara rakavhurika 1 centimeter (1/2 inch) kuitira kufefetedza kunoyamwa mazimbe anopenya akananga pakapeti yekurara kana mhepo yakadzikira.
• Burutsa lace, gauze, kana machira emahwindo epolyester akareruka wodhonza masofa/mibhedha yakasimudzwa masendimita 60 kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe kubva pamahwindo: Kupisa kwakanyanya kweinfrared kunopenya kuburikidza negirazi regirazi hwindo rinogona kubatidza maketeni akasheedzera kana jira regirazi rakadzvanywa kurudyi. Vhara inorema mapofu esimbi kana asingabatike mahwindo kuratidza kupisa kunopenya kumashure.
• Vhara YESE yemukati yekurara, imba yekugezera, uye dhoo rewadhiropu mukati memba: Kana kupisa kunopenya kana kuti chidzitiro chakazopwanya hwindo rimwe rekunze, rakavharika mukati-kati kana magonhi akasimba-pakati anoisa mukamuri, nzara yemoto weokisijeni uye kudzivirira marimi kupararira mukoridho vasati vasvika vanodzima moto.
• VIMA HVAC yekumba kwako (mhepo inofefetera, choto, feni yemba yese, uye mhepo inotora HRV) pa thermostat kuitira kuti feni irege kusveta mhepo inopfungaira uye kuti ibude mupombi.
• ** BATIDZA marambi ese emukati memukamuri uye panze pevharanda/mafashama enzira ** kuti vadzimi vemoto vakwanise kuona imba yako kuburikidza nehutsi dema masikati kana pakati pehusiku.
• ** Dhonza otomatiki garaji rekuvhura gonhi (dhonza tambo tsvuku yekukurumidzira) ** chete kana iwe usina chekunze bhatiri rekuchengetedza uye uchida kurodha mota yako, ipapo **kiya musuwo wegaraji wakavharwa zvakasimba ** kuseri kwemota yako kuti marasha asapinde mugaraji.

Nhamba dzenharaunda dzechimbichimbi uye zvirongwa zveagency¶

Munguva yemoto wemusango, nyoresa chenjedzo dze hyper-local polygon evacuation uye uteedzere dunhu rako rakamisikidzwa rematatu-tier evacuation system:

• Nyika dzakabatana:
• ** Emergency Dispatch: ** Fona ** 911 **.
• ** Yakagadzirira, Seta, Enda Matatu-Tier Evhacuation System:**
  • Chikamu 1 (KUGADZIRIRA): Ziva njodzi yemoto wemusango munharaunda yako; rongedza bhegi rako ugadzirire imba yako.
  • Chikamu 2 (SET / Yambiro Yekubuda): Mukana wepamusoro wekubuda kunze; takura mhuri, mhuka dzinovaraidza, uye zvipfuyo izvozvi, ita iyo-maminetsi gumi nemashanu yekuvhara imba, uye buda nekukasira kana uine zvinodiwa zvekufamba, vana, kana matrailer.
  • **Chikamu chechitatu (GO / Inosungirwa Evhacuation Order): ** Njodzi yekukurumidza inotyisidzira hupenyu; ibvapo zvino usinganonoki.
• Masangano Ehurumende: Tevera CAL MOTO (readyforwildfire.org), US Forest Service (fs.usda.gov), InciWeb (inciweb.wildfire.gov), uye IBHS (wildfireprepared.org).
• Kanadha:
• ** Emergency Dispatch: ** Fona ** 911 **.
• FireSmart Canada (firesmartcanada.ca): Inotevera yakafanana Immediate Zone (0 kusvika 1.5 metres), Intermediate Zone (1.5 kusvika 10 metres), uye ** Yakawedzerwa Zone (10 kusvika 30 metres)** isingabatike yekubatidza imba miitiro. Moniver province firefire apps (BC Wildfire Service, Alberta Wildfire, SOPFEU muQuebec).
• Australia:
• ** Emergency Dispatch: ** Fona ** 000 ** (kana ** 106 ** yeTTY).
• ** yeAustralia Yambiro System (AWS) & Bushfire Attack Level (BAL):** Tarisa yako state fire service app (NSW Rural Fire Service Hazards Near Me, CFA VicEmergency, QFES, DFES WA) pamatanho matatu ekunyevera: ** Zano (Yero), ** Tarisa uye Ita (Orange), uye ** Yambiro Yekukurumidzira ( Tsvuku: Uri munjodzi, ita nekukurumidza kuti urarame) . Kuvaka munzvimbo dzine moto wemusango kunotongwa neAustralian Standard AS 3959** (Kuvakwa kwezvivakwa munzvimbo dzinopisa masango, zviyero BAL-LOW kuburikidza BAL-FZ Flame Zone).
• United Kingdom neEuropean Union:
• Emergency Dispatch: Fonera 999 muUK kana 112 muEuropean Union.
• ** Mediterranean & Heathland Wildfire Alerts:** Mu ** France**, zvivakwa zviri mukati me200 metres emasango enzvimbo zvinodikanwa zviri pamutemo kuchengetedza 50-mita-yekudzikisa-kuderedza peturu (Obligations Légales de Débroussaillement [OLD]). MuGreece neSpain, tarisa 112 masero-kutepfenyura zviziviso zvekubudamo inotungamira nzira dzekusimuka dzakananga kumahombekombe kana nzvimbo dzakacheneswa dzekurima.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa¶

Nei dzimba dzichitsva nemoto wesango apo miti iri pedyo nayo inoramba yakasvibira uye isina kutsva?¶

Miti ine hunyoro hwakanyanya mumashizha ayo mapenyu uye makwati akakora, nepo dzimba dzakakomberedzwa nemapfupa-akaoma, asingaremi "anogashira mafuta" senge tsono dzakaoma dzepaini mumagata edenga, shredded bark mulch pazasi pemadziro, makokonati-fiber magonhi, uye makushion ari pamapuranga emapuranga. Munguva yechamupupuri chemoto wemusango, marasha anopenya anofamba makiromita pamberi pemoto uye anobatwa nemhepo eddies panheyo yemba uye eaves. Mazimbe anobatidza mulch yakaoma, marata, kana mamhepo epadenga, achipisa imba kubva kunze mukati kana mukati kunze apo miti yakasvibira iri kure nemamita mashanu isingambotsva.

Chii chinonzi "0-to-5-Foot Zone" (Zone 0) uye nei iri iro rimwechete rinonyanya kushanda retrofire firefire?¶

Zone 0 ndiyo 0-kusvika-1.5-mita (0-kusvika-5-tsoka) mutsara wevhu unowedzera nekukasira kunze kubva kune ese ekunze madziro, hwindo, gonhi regaraji, uye deki remba yako. Kuedzwa kwakazara kwemoto wemusango neInsurance Institute yeBusiness & Home Safety (IBHS) kwakaratidza kuti kutsiva huni hwehuni hwehuni, makwenzi, huni, uye fenzi yemapuranga inobatanidzwa mukati meiyi 1.5-mita inotenderedzwa nematombo akapwanyika, mapavha ematombo, kana kongiri kunodzivirira moto unopfurwa nemhepo kubva pakubatidza moto pasi pemahwindo ako.

Sei ndichida 3-millimeter (⅛-inch) mesh yesimbi pamusoro pedenga remba yangu uye crawlspace vents panzvimbo peyakajairwa 6-millimeter (¼-inch) jira rehardware?¶

6-millimeter (1/4-inch) waya mesh inoita kuti moto unopfuta 3 kusvika 5 millimeters wakafara kuvhuvhuta wakananga mudenga rako repamusoro kana crawlspace, uko anomhara pane insulation kana makadhibhokisi akachengetwa uye obatidza moto wakavanzika mukati medenga rako. Kudzoreredza gable rega rega, soffit, uye faundesheni ine 3-millimeter (1/8-inch) isingabatike marita kana waya yebhuronzi mesh inovhara dzinenge dzese mwenje ine ngozi inotakura simba rinopisa rakakwana rekubatidza zvinhu zvemukati.

Ndobatidza zvekupfapfaidza lawn yangu here kana kuisa mvura padenga rangu ndisati ndabuditsa moto wesango?¶

Kwete. Masangano anodzima moto anoyambira varidzi vedzimba zvakasimba KUTI VANOFANIRA kusiya uswa hwepadenga kana kuti zvekumwaya mvura padenga pavanenge vachibuda. Kana mazana edzimba ari munzvimbo yekubuda achisiya mapombi egadheni nemasprinkers achimhanya panguva imwe chete, zvinobvisa mvura yemunisiparati uye zvinodonhedza gidhi remoto kusvika pazero, zvichisiya vanodzima moto vasingakwanisi kupomba mvura kuchengetedza dzimba. Pamusoro pezvo, mhepo dzemoto wemusango dzakakura dzinovhuvhuta mhute yakanaka yekumwaya isati yanyorovesa denga.

Fenzi yemapuranga yakavanzika inoita sei kuti imba itsvi, uye ndinoigadzirisa sei zvakachipa?¶

Kana moto uswa huswa hushoma hukatungidza misidhari kana kuti fenzi yemupini kuseri kwemba, mapuranga efenzi anopisa kureba sechimuti chihombe chemachisi ("wicking") kusvika kukona uko fenzi yakavharirwa padivi pemba yako. Haufanire kuputsa fenzi yako yese yehuni: ingotsiva chikamu chekupedzisira chemamita 1.5 (mamita mashanu) chefenzi apo inobata madziro emba yako negedhi resimbi risingabatike, cheni-link panhi, kana shongwe yemasoni kuputsa nzira yemoto.

Mazano anoenderana¶

• Moto wemusango: kubuda, kutyaira nemuutsi, uye kupona
• Chinook, Foehn, Santa Ana, uye Diablo anodzika madutu emhepo uye ember cast
• Utsi hwemusango uye kudzivirira kufemerwa kwemadota uye DIY Corsi-Rosenthal mafirita emhepo
• Mushure memoto wesango, marara anoyerera, anopisa madhaka akadisva mvura, uye mafeni azere
• Nzira yekugadzira 72-hour evacuation go-bag

Nzvimbo uye nhungamiro yepamutemo¶

• Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety (IBHS, United States): Wildfire Prepared Home Technical Standard (The 0-to-5-Foot Noncombustible Zone 0, Class A Roof, ⅛-Inch Vent Screening, uye Wind-Tunnel Ember Research).
• CAL MOTO (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection) & Office of the State Fire Marshal: * Yakagadzirira Kupisa Kwemusango: Kuomesa Imba Yako, Defensible Space Zones 0/½ (PRC 4291), uye Chitsauko 7A California Building Code WUI Standards*.
• ** National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) & Firewise USA: ** * NFPA 1144: Muyero Wekuderedza Mamiriro Ekudzivirira Ignition Hazards kubva kuWildland Fire *.
• United States Forest Service (USFS) Rocky Mountain Research Station / Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory: Structure Ignition Assessment Model (Jack Cohen, PhD: Home Ignition Zone Science uye Radiant Heat Distance Thresholds).
• Mitemo yeAustralia & Country Fire Authority (CFA, Australia): AS 3959: Kuvakwa Kwezvivakwa muBushfire-Prone Area uye Bushfire Attack Level (BAL) Ember Protection Guidelines.