Jet Ski (PWC) Kubonderana: Sei Kuregedza Iyo Throttle Inouraya Kutungamira uye Jet-Nozzle Orifice Kukuvara¶

Zvikepe zvemunhu zvemvura (PWCs, zvinowanzo zivikanwa nemazita emhando yakadai se Jet Ski, WaveRunner, uye Sea-Doo) zvikepe zvejeti zvemvura zvine simba repamusoro-soro kana kuti zvakasikwa zvinoshuvira injini dzinogadzira 100 kusvika 325 horsepower, inokwanisa kukurumidza kubva ku0 kusvika kumakiromita matanhatu paawa (400 km) masekondi **. Kunyangwe zvibato zvemabhasikoro uye zvigaro zvemudhudhudhu, chikepe chemvura chinoteerera fizikisi yakasiyana zvachose pane mota, mudhudhudhu, kana chikepe chetsika chinodzorwa. Chikepe chemumvura chine ** hachina chidzoreso chepasi pemvura ** uye, pane akawanda echinyakare kana evaraidzo mamodheru asina electronic reverse-bucket braking, **hapana mabhureki **. Inotendeuka chete nekunangisa jeti yemvura inomhanya-mhanya kubva pamuromo unopoterera nechekumashure. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kana mutyairi asina ruzivo akasvika pachiteshi, madziro egungwa, chikepe chakasungirirwa, kana imwe PWC yakakurumidza uye inobata nepasirese yepasi-motokari panic reflex, **kubvisa chigunwe / chigunwe chekukwevera chigunwe uku uchitenderedza zvibatiso kudivi , jeti yemvura inomira, ichidonhedza chiremera, inodonhedza iyo WC yakananga kumusoro chipingamupinyi zvisinei nekuti mbariro dzinotenderedzwa nenzira ipi.

Chechipiri, chinoparadza uye chinowanzozivikanwa chisingazivikanwi chekuvhiya chekukurumidzira chakasiyana kune zvikepe zvemvura uye jet mabhoti: ** high-pressure hydrostatic orifice injection injury ** (rectal, vaginal, and perineal barotrauma). Kana mutyairi akagara kuseri kwezvigaro zviviri kana zvitatu PWC inotsvedza kumashure ichibva yanyorova yekumashure panguva yekukasira yakaoma, kana mutasvi anowira zvakananga kuseri kwemashure apo mutyairi anopfura throttle, matako avo uye perineum zvinodonha zvakananga pamberi pe **jet-pombi propulsion nozzle **. PWC jeti pombi yemazuvano inoputika 300 kusvika 500 malita (80 kusvika 130 magaloni) emvura pasekondi kubva pa80-to-90-millimeter (3.1-to-3.5-inch) nozzle pakumanikidza kunodarika *10 kusvika 25 bar (150 kusvika 360 inchpaundi kana psi paskweya) Pasina inodzivirira ** neoprene wetsuit bottoms **, iyo supersonic column yemvura inoita sebanga remvura rinobvarura kuvhura chibereko, perineal body, anal sphincter, uye rectosigmoid colon mumamilliseconds, kupomba marita edhamu rakasvibiswa kana mvura yegungwa yakananga mugomba redumbu. Kuziva kushandisa throttle kuti udzinge kure nekudhumhana, kuziva nekugadzirisa hydrostatic orifice perforation uye mukati memukadzi/rectal kubuda ropa, uye kudzima injini usati wabvisa gireti rekudya kunoponesa hupenyu. Maona nhamba dze emergency, bhoti propeller kurova uye ECOS inouraya-chinja lanyard mitemo, tsaona dzezvikepe,uye kubuda ropa.

Ita izvi ikozvino¶

1. **Kana uri kutasva PWC uye uchida kutendeuka zvakasimba kuti udzivise kurova chikepe, dock, kushambira, kana imwe Jet Ski, USAsunungura throttle zvachose kunze kwekunge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchiko; kuburitsa throttle kunouraya chidhiraivho uye kunoita kuti mhizha ienderere muchinhu chauri kuedza kudzivisa.
2. Kana mutakuri wePWC akadonha nekumashure kwechigaro panguva yekumhanyisa (kana kuti munhu anoshambira akaputikirwa pedyo nejeti nozzle yekumashure) onzwa marwadzo, chiuno, rectal, kana kubuda ropa mudumbu kana kubuda ropa, zvibate sechinhu chinokuvadza hupenyu hwenhengo yemukati nekukasira. Dhonza munhu wacho kubva mumvura nechepazasi paigwa, musana kana kupfugama zvishoma. fonera nhamba yako yekukurumidzira yemunharaunda (911 muUnited States neCanada, 112 mhiri kweEuropean Union, 999 muUnited Kingdom) + VHF Channel 16; check nhamba dze emergency.
3. Kubuda ropa kwakanyanya kunhengo yesikarudzi, rectal, kana perineal mushure mekuputika kwejet-nozzle yePWC, dzvanya pedhi yakakora yegauze isina mbereko, mapedhi akachena, kana tauro rakamonera rakachena rakanangana nechekunze perineum pakati pemakumbo, uye yambuka zvidya zvemunhu abatwa pamwe chete. *USAGARA kurongedza gauze kana matamponi, kana kupuruzira mvura mukati mevayumu kakawanda. iyo yekumusoro vaginal vault (cul-de-sac) kana rectal madziro akananga muvhu rakavhurika peritoneal cavity; kurongedza kwemukati kunosundira jira rakasvibiswa mudumbu uye rinovanza rinoramba richibuda ropa remukati; maona kubuda ropa.
4. Kana mutasvi wePWC akadhumhana nekumhanya kwazvo nechikepe, kusungirirwa kwechikepe, kana imwe PWC uye akayangarara akatarisa pasi mumvura, vhara injini yako yePWC zvachose usati wasvetukira mukati, kungurutsa munhu wacho akatarisana nemusoro uchishandisa Head-Splint kana Chin-Lift spinal technique, uye chengetedza nzira yavo yemhepo pamusoro pemvura. Yakakwira-speed PWC kutenderera kwehull fractures yehuropi. kukuvara, chifuva chakaputika, uye kuputika spleens / zviropa; maona kunyura uye kukuvara mumusoro.
5. Kana vhudzi refu, tambo yesutu yekugezera, ski tow tambo, kana lifejacket strap ikaiswa pasi pegireti rePWC pasi pehull, dhonza Engine Cut-Off Switch (ECOS) lanyard kuti uuraye injini pakarepo. Usamboedza kudhonza tambo yakamonereka kana kuvhomora vhudzi richibuda pasi, injini iri kumonereka. PWC padivi payo mumvura isina kudzika (kana kubata musoro wemunhu anenge abatwa pamusoro pemvura nePFD) uchigera bvudzi kana tambo pasina nebanga rekudhibha kana macheri ekushungurudza.
6. Kana PWC ikatenderedza pasi (yakakwidibira) mumvura yakadzika, vhara injini, shambira uchienda kuseri, uye wokungurutsa hull yakamira yakananga kwainotaridzwa nemugadziri wedecal parinoperera transom. Kutenderedza mafashama 4-stroke PWC munzira isiriyo kunogona kudurura mvura kubva kune exhaust manifold ichipinda muinjini-cylinders (kubvisa)

Muti wesarudzo: kudhumhana kwePWC, jekiseni rehydrostatic orifice, uye kupinda mukati¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Yemunhu Yemvura (Jet Ski / PWC) Emergency"] --> Event{"Ndeupi rudzi rwechiitiko chePWC chakaitika?"}
    Event -->|"Mutakurwi Akadonha Chigaro chekumashure muJet Blast (Groin / Orifice Trauma)"| Orifice["1. SUSPECT HYDROSTATIC VAGINAL / RECTAL PERFORATION & PERITONITIS; 2. Bvisa mutasvi wakatwasuka kumahombekombe kana dhizaini yechikepe; 3. Bata kunze kwekumanikidza pad pa perineum; USA rongedza mukati memukadzi kana rectum; 4. HAPANA chinhu nemuromo; kurapwa kwekuvhunduka uye kutakura kuenda kuNhamba 1 Trauma Center"]
    Event -->|"High-Speed Collision neBoat, Dock, kana Chechipiri PWC"| Collision["1. Dzima injini yekununura usati wapinda mumvura pedyo neakabatwa; 2. Gadzirisa cervical spine mumvura (Musoro-Splint roll kana wakatarisa-pasi); 3. Tarisa kufema; tanga kununura kufema mumvura pane flotation kana apneic; 4. Kudzora kumucheto kubuda ropa uye kusafamba mubhodhi kune mhepo / pasi EMS"]
    Event -->|"Bvudzi, Tambo, kana Swimsuit Yakasvetwa MuPasi Intake Grate"| Intake["1. Dhonza ECOS kuuraya-chinja lanyard pakarepo kumisa impeller; 2. Bata musoro wemushahwi wakavharirwa pamusoro pemvura kana tip PWC hull padivi kuunza grete pamusoro pepamusoro; 3. Cheka vhudzi rakabatanidzwa, mbatya, kana tambo yokukochekera nebanga kana zvigero; 4. Usamboita crank injini kuti 'reverse out' an entanglement"]
    Event -->|"PWC Yakanyungudutswa kana Stranded Offshore"| Capsize["1. Tarisa vatasvi vese vanoverengerwa uye vakapfeka maPFD; 2. Shambira uchienda kumashure uye tarisa Roll Direction Arrow decal usati waenda kurudyi; 3. Rambazve kubva paSTERN pamusoro pedhizaini, usambopfuura parutivi; 4. Signal kushushikana nemuridzo, girazi, kana VHF redhiyo kana injini ikasatanga"]

Iyo fizikisi yePWC off-throttle steering kurasikirwa ("Hapana Thrust = Hapana Steering")¶

Iyo pombi yejeti yemvura inotungamira Yega Yemvura¶

Bhoti rekunze kana bhoti remukati rine yakaderera unit skeg kana vertical rudder blade yakarembera pazasi pehull. Kunyange kana injini yechinyakare ikaitwa kuti isashande uye chikepe chichifamba mumvura, kutenderedza vhiri kunotsveta mvura nemudhiri uye kushandura chikepe.

A Personal Watercraft (Jet Ski, WaveRunner, Sea-Doo) ine ** yakatsetseka yefiberglass hull pasi isina chidzoreso **:

1. ** Internal impeller uye Venturi nozzle:** Mvura inoyamwa kuburikidza nerectangular **yekupinza gireti ** inoyerera nepasi pehull, inokwidziridzwa neinomhanya-mhanya-stainless-simbi **axial-kuyerera impeller ** inotenderera pa 7,000 kusvika 8,500 rpm inoputika mukati meinochinjika uye yakavharirwa kunze. Venturi nozzle kumashure.
2. Thrust-vector steering chete: Mibato inosungirirwa netambo yemuchina kune iya yekumashure jeti nozzle. Paunotendeudzira mbariro kuruboshwe, muromo unonongedza kuruboshwe, uye jeti yemvura inomhanya-mhanya inosundidzira shure kurudyi, ichitenderedza uta kuruboshwe.
3. Nei kuvhunduka-kuburitsa throttle kuchikonzera kuparara kwemutsara wakatwasuka:
4. Ngatitii mutasvi wePWC ari kufamba ari ** 65 km/h (40 mph)** uye anongoerekana aona imwe PWC, chikepe chinomuka, kana chiteshi chemapuranga chinosungirirwa ** mamita makumi maviri (65 tsoka)** mberi.
5. Kutyaira mota, mudhudhudhu, kana bhasikoro kwemakore kwakaomesa pfungwa yekupona muuropi hwemunhu: siya gasi usiye kure.
6. Mutasvi anoburitsa chigunwe chegunwe/chigunwe chinorovesa maoko kuti chinonoke uye anokwenya mbariro nekuruboshwe.
7. Pakarepo iyo throttle lever inovharika, injini inodonha kuita isina basa (1,200 rpm), jeti remvura rinosimudzwa kubva mumuromo weshure rinodonha kusvika kunenge zero, uye PWC inorasikirwa ** yese inotendeuka simba . Kunyangwe zvibatiso zvichitenderedzwa kusvika pakumira, simba rinotakura 350-kilogram (770-pondo) hull ** mumutsara wakafa wakatwasuka mudivi rechikepe kana chiteshi.

   WHY LETTING OFF THE THROTTLE CAUSES PWC COLLISIONS

   [Obstacle / Boat Hull Ahead]
              ^
              |   Path A: Rider RELEASES throttle + turns handlebars hard right
              |   --> ZERO JET THRUST = PWC goes STRAIGHT into obstacle
              |
              |      /---> Path B: Rider APPLIES THROTTLE + turns handlebars right
              |     /      --> JET THRUST pushes stern left & turns bow safely clear
           [ PWC ]

Mazuva ano Off-Throttle Assisted Steering (OTAS) uye Electronic Brake Systems, uye miganhu yavo.¶

Kwemakore gumi nemashanu apfuura, vagadziri vePWC vakaunza mainjiniya anobatsira kuderedza kudhumhana:

• Off-Throttle Assisted Steering (OTAS / O.P.A.S.): Kana komputa yaona kuti mutyairi abva angoregedzera throttle nekumhanya kukuru NDOKUtenderedza mibato kusvika kukiyi, komputa yeinjini inongoerekana yapa kurova kweinjini rpm (kana kudonhedza zvidzoreso/mavhani madiki mumvura) kubatsira kushandura mvura.
• Handlebar-yakaiswa Electronic Brake uye Reverse Buckets (seSea-Doo iBR kana Yamaha RiDE): Kudzvanya bhureki rekuruboshwe kunodonhedza aluminum reverse gedhi (bucket) pasi pamusoro pejeti nozzle uchiisa zvinodzorwa, kutsausa jeti remvura kumberi uye kumusoro* 0 metres* kuenda kumusoro* 0 metres* kuenda kumusoro* coasting.
• Nei uchiri kutadza kuvimba nekufamba kwemahombekombe: Zvikepe zvekurenda, maPWC ekare, uye mamodheru anomira-mira anowanzo shaya mabhureki emagetsi, uye kunyangwe neOTAS, PWC yegungwa inongori nechidimbu chekupinza kwekuchinjika kwemagetsi. Golden Rule yePWC Evasion: Kunze kwekunge uri kudzvanya kuruboshwe-kuruboshwe reverse-brake lever yemagetsi pakumira-yakatwasuka, **gara uchipa throttle kusvinwa kwakasimba uchitenderedza mibato uye uchizendamira kukona ** kuti utungamire njodzi.

Hydrostatic orifice jet-injection trauma: nei kudonha kubva kumashure injodzi yekuvhiya¶

Mabatiro anoita jet-pombi nozzle inokonzeresa kuparara kwemukati¶

A 3-seat Personal Watercraft ine yakakura-yekupedzisira torque. Kukuvadza kunoramba kuchiitika, kunotyisa kwakanyorwa mukushungurudzika uye gynecologic / colorectal kuvhiyiwa mabhuku kunoitika kuburikidza nekutevedzana kwakasiyana:

1. Mutakuri wechigaro cheshure anotsvedza-kubva: Mutakurwi (kazhinji wechidiki kana wechidiki akapfeka sutu yenaironi yemhando yepamusoro kana shortshort yebhodhi isina kunyorova) akagara pachigaro chekumashure chakanyorova seri kwemutyairi. Mutyairi anoerekana adzvinya kugwinha gwinha achibva amira kana kuti pamusoro pesaisai mufambi asati anyatsobata tambo muchiuno kana kuti zvibato zvokubata.
2. ** Kudonhedza yakananga mujeti rukova:** Sezvo PWC maroketi kumberi, mutakuri anotsvedza akananga kumashure kwechigaro chakanyorova akagara, makumbo-apart posture (** straddle position **), achidonha akananga kuseri kwe transom pahurefu chaihwo hwe **jet-pombi propulsion nozzle ** ingori **15 kusvika 60 centimita (60 centimita) ichiri kure. full throttle.
3. Hydrostatic ram perforation: Pakufembera kwakazara, jet nozzle inoburitsa murwi wakakora wemvura pa 10 kusvika 25 bar (150 kusvika 360 psi) uye mavhinga anodarika 60 kusvika 90 makiromita paawa (40 kusvika 55 mph). Kurova iyo isina kudzivirirwa perineum pakati pemakumbo, iyo yakanyanya-kudzvanywa mvura koramu inoita seyakasimba hydraulic gondohwe:
4. Kutsemuka kweVaginal neCul-de-Sac: Muvafambi vechikadzi, jeti remvura rinoputika richipinda mukati memukati memukadzi, mabharumu evhaji yemukadzi kupfuura kuputika kwayo mumamilliseconds, inotsemura maronda akadzika mukati memadziro emukadzi nemuchibereko, uye kazhinji inovhuvhuta zvakazara mukati pashure pebeche reDouglas peritoneal cavity, kubvarura matavi e ** uterine uye mukati meiriac arteries **.
5. Anorectal uye Sigmoid Colon Perforation: Muvatasvi vese vechirume nevechikadzi, jeti remvura rinovhura tsinga dzekunze nedzemukati (dzinobvarura kuita zvidimbu), inobvisa rectal mucosa, uye inoputika nekutsemura rectum uye sigmoid colon, kupomba murwizi rwemvura, dirty river uye dirty river abdominal mhango (** hydro-pneumoperitoneum **).

Kuziva PWC hydrostatic orifice kukuvara pamucheto wemvura¶

Nekuti panogona kunge paine ** pasina ganda rekunze rakachekwa pazvidya kana magaro **, vanotarisa uye kunyangwe munhu anonyara angatanga kufunga kuti "vakangodhonza tsandanyama" kana kuti mhepo yabva mavari. Fungidzira hupenyu hunotyisidzira hydrostatic orifice kukuvara kana mutasvi akadonha kumashure kweinomhanyisa PWC anoratidza ** chero ** yezvinotevera:

• Ropa rakatsvuka kana rakasviba richiyerera richidzika nezvidya kana kusvibisa mvura kubva kusikarudzi kana rectum
• **Kamwe kamwe, zvakanyanya, kubvarura kurwadziwa muchiuno, perineum, rectum, kana pasi peguvhu **
• **Kunzwa kuzara, kukoira, kana kuda kuita tsvina nekukurumidza **, kana ropa rine mvura/mvura inoyerera ichibva nerectum kana kusikarudzi.
• Kukurumidza kukura mudumbu (kuzvimba, dumbu rakasimba), kurwadziwa-pamapfudzi (chiratidzo cheKehr kubva mumvura isina mahara/mhepo inoshatirisa diaphragm), ganda rakacheneruka, dzungu, uye tachycardia (hemorrhagic uye septic shock)

Pre-chipatara rubatsiro rwekutanga kune hydrostatic vaginal kana rectal jet kukuvara¶

1. ** Dana 911 / 112 / 999 nekukasika uye utaure: "High-pressure Jet Ski water-jet orifice kukuvara nekufungidzirwa kwevaginal / rectal perforation uye kubuda kwemukati kwemukati."** Murwere wese anoda kukurumidza kutakurwa kuenda ku ** Level 1 Trauma Center** kuti iongororwe pasi peanesthesia, surgical hemostomy, laparepairomy, lapavertinglomy.
2. Gadzirisa murwere kumusana wake (supine) nemabvi akachinjika zvishoma kana makumbo akachinjika zvinyoro nyoro pamusoro pedhi rekunze: Vachengete vachidziya nemagumbeze akaoma kudzivirira hypothermia coagulopathy.
3. ** Isa EXTERNAL perineal compression CHETE, Usamboisa mukati kurongedza:**
4. Isa murwi wakakora wezvipfeko zvinokuvadza, maternity/ sanitary pads akachena, kana tauro rakachena rakapetwa kunze pakatarisana neperineum (vulva/ anus) uye isa simba remanyorero rakasimba kubva kunze, uchiunza zvidya zvemurwere pamwe chete kubatsira tamponade kubuda ropa rekunze kwetsinga.
5. MUTEMO WAKOKOSHA: Ita HAI edza kusunda gauze rolls, tampons, kana tauro mukati megeji remukadzi kana rectum mumunda. Nekuti iyo yekumusoro vaginal vault kana rectal mudhuri inowanzofuridzirwa yakavhurika mudumbu remukati, kusundira gauze mukati kunongodyisa unsterile kurongedza mu peritoneal cavity uku uchitadza kudzvanya tsinga dzakabvaruka dzepelvic.
6. USAPA CHINHU nemuromo (hapana mvura, zvinwiwa zvemitambo, kana mapiritsi emarwadzo): Murwere achaenda kukamuri rokuvhiyira kuti atindise uye anoda pakarepo majekiseni anorwisa mabhakitiriya eGram-negative uye anaerobic.

Jet-pombi inotora grate entrapment uye hull righting kuchengeteka¶

Kubvisa tsvina yekupinza grate pasina kunyura kana kudimburwa¶

Kusiyana nepropeller yechikepe chekunze, PWC's inotenderera impeller inodzoserwa mukati memugero uri pasi pehull uye yakavharwa nesimbi yakatsvetwa **yekupinza grate **. Zvisinei, kana injini iri kushanda, girati rekudya rinobudisa ** kusveta kukuru **, kukwevera mazana emarita emvura pasekondi imwe pasi pehull:

1. Muteyo uri pasi pemvura unonyura: Kana tambo yeskiing, dock line, loose boardshort drawstring, kana bvudzi refu remushahwi rikaiswa mugeji rekupinza injini ichimhanya, chinopenesa chinomoneredza tambo kana bvudzi zvakasimba sedhiramu rewinji, richikwevera musoro wemushahwi padivi pemvura.
2. Usafe wakanyura pasi pePWC kuti ubvise sora, masaga epurasitiki, kana tambo yekutsikirira injini ichimhanya kana kiyi yakaiswa:
3. Kunyangwe pakusaita basa, simbi-yesimbi impeller blades mukati memugero inocheka zvigunwe ipapo kana iwe ukasvika kuburikidza neinopinza grate slots.
4. ** Inosungirwa kutevedzana:** Dhonza iyo **ECOS kuuraya-chinja lanyard / bvisa iyo magineti D.E.S.S. kiyi ** uye woipa kune mumwe munhu kana kuipfekera kuPFD yako kuti pasave nemunhu anogona kudzvanya bhatani rekutanga iwe uri pasi pehull.
5. Kununura munhu anoshambira akapinirwa pasi pehull nebvudzi kana tambo yekudhonza:
6. Dhonza iyo ECOS kuuraya-chinja lanyard nekukasira kumisa injini.
7. Usaedze kukwevera munhu kushambira pasi patambo ine ronda rakasimba; pachinzvimbo, ** roll the PWC hull 90 madhigirii padivi payo (kana 180 madhigirii kumusoro) ** mumvura kuti gireti yekupinda uye kumeso kweanoshambira akabatwa anounzwa ** pamusoro pemvura ** pavanogona kufema nekukasira, vobva vagera bvudzi, zvipfeko, kana tambo isina tambo nebanga kana shears.

Kurudyira PWC yakapfava uye kukwirazve zvakachengeteka¶

Kana PWC ikanyungudika pasi mumvura yakashama:

1. Tarisa mugadziri weRoll Direction Decal pane yekumashure transom: Four-stroke PWCs ane chaiyo injini exhaust loop routing. Tarisa kunamirwa kwemuseve kuseri uchitsika mvura kuseri kwechikepe wokungurutsa hull yakati twa*** (kazhinji wakatarisa nechekumashure uchitarisa kubva kumashure, asi uchitarisa chinonamirwa) kuitira kuti mvura yakavharirwa mupombi yekupopotera irege kudonhera kumashure mumasirinda einjini.
2. Gara uchikwirazve kubva kuSTERN (yekumashure dhizaini), USATI pamusoro pedivi: Kuedza kukwira pamusoro pedivi pfuti yePWC inotenderedza hull yakatetepa kumashure kumusoro pamusoro wako. Shambira uchienda kupuratifomu yekumashure (vhura chitubu-chakaremerwa nhanho yekukwira kana yakashongedzerwa), zvikwevera iwe pamabvi ako parutivi rwepakati, mirira ** 3 kusvika 5 masekonzi ** mushure mekubatanidza zvakare ECOS lanyard usati wadzvanya bhatani rekutanga, uye chengetedza huremu hwemuviri wako kure nejeti nozzle mumwe mutasvi achikwira.

Nhamba dzenharaunda dzechimbichimbi uye zvirongwa zveagency¶

Mune chero kudhumhana kwePWC kana kukuvara kwe hydrostatic orifice pamvura yemahombekombe, nzizi, kana madziva makuru, bata zvese ** Marine Rescue / Coast Guard paVHF Channel 16 ** uye ** yako yemunharaunda emergency emergency number ** kuronga chikepe-ramp amburenzi kubatwa. Maona nhamba dze emergency.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa¶

Sei Jet Ski ichienda yakananga muchiteshi kana chikepe kana iwe uchiregedzera throttle uye uchitenderedza mabatiro?¶

Kusiyana nechikepe chetsika, Yega Yemvura (Jet Ski, WaveRunner, kana Sea-Doo) haina chidzoreso chepasi pemvura. Inopinduka chete nekunongedza hova yemvura ine simba guru kubva pamuromo wepivoting kuseri kwegomba. Kana iwe uri kufamba nekukurumidza uye uchisunungura throttle lever mukuvhunduka uchitenderedza mibato kure nechipingamupinyi, jeti remvura rinomira kusunda, simba rekutungamirira rinodonha kusvika zero, uye simba rinotakura hull rakananga mberi muchipinganidzo pasinei nokuti mabatiro anotendeuswa nenzira ipi. Kunze kwekunge uri kudzvanya reverse-brake lever yemagetsi paPWC yemazuvano, unofanirwa kuisa throttle uchitenderedza mibato kuti uende kure nenjodzi.

Sei Jet Ski yambiro mavara achida kuti vatasvi nevafambi vapfeke neoprene wetsuit bottoms?¶

Yese Yega Mvura Yemvura inotakura yambiro yekusingaperi pabhokisi regirovhosi kana koni inotaura kuti vatasvi vanofanirwa kupfeka wetsuit bottoms kana zvipfeko zvinopa dziviriro yakaenzana nekuti zvakajairwa swimsuits hazvidziviriri zvakakwana kubva kune zvine simba kupinda mumvura mumivhunzo yepasi. Kana munhu akatsvedza kubva kumashure kwechigaro mutyairi achimhanyisa zvine simba, anowira akananga pamberi pejet-pombi nozzle, iyo inoputika mvura pa10 kusvika 25 bar (150 kusvika 360 psi). Koramu yemvura ine simba guru iri kubvaruka nyore nyore kuburikidza nemasutu ekugezera nguva dzose uye inopinda mukati memukadzi kana rectum, zvichiita kuti nhengo yemukati yemukati iparare uye kubuda ropa kunouraya. Kabudura hobvu 2-kusvika-3-millimeter neoprene wetsuit inovharira jeti remvura kubva mumimiriro yemuviri inopinda.

Nei kudonha kubva kumashure kweiyo inomhanyisa Jet Ski kune njodzi kune vafambi pane kudonha kubva padivi nekutendeuka?¶

Kana mutasvi akadonha kubva padivi rePWC panguva yekutendeuka, simba recentrifugal rinokanda muviri wavo kunze kubva kuhull uye kure nekumashure kwejeti nozzle. Mukupesana, kana mutyairi wechigaro cheshure akarasa kubata panguva yakatwasuka-mutsara kukwirisa, iyo PWC inotyaira ichibva pasi pavo apo makumbo avo akatambanudzwa munzvimbo yakatambarara, vachidonhedza perineum yavo nemagaro akananga pakati pejeti remvura-yepamusoro-soro inchi chete kuseri kwenozzle inosimudzira pakakwirira peinjini.

Nei vekutanga vanopindura vasingafanire kurongedza gauze mukati memukadzi kana rectum kumisa kubuda ropa mushure mekukuvara kwePWC jet-nozzle?¶

Kuputika kwePWC yemvura-jet inoputika mukati memukadzi kana rectum inowanzoputira zvachose kuburikidza nemadziro akatetepa ekumusoro kwemukadzi (the posterior fornix) kana kuti misodzi inovhura madziro erectum uye sigmoid colon, ichigadzira buri rakavhurika rakananga mudumbu risingabereki (peritoneal) mhango. Kana munhu akatarisa kana wekutanga anopindura akasunda gauze kana matamponi mukati memuburi pasina kuvhiya kwakananga mukamuri yekuvhiya, gauze rinopfuura rakananga nepaburi remukati medumbu, richiunza kusvibiswa kwakanyanya kwebhakitiriya uye kutadza kumisa kubuda ropa kwemukati. Gara uchiisa pedhi yakakora ine sterile pressure kunze uchirwisa perineum wounza zvidya pamwechete.

Chii chandinofanira kuita kana tambo yekukwezesa ski kana bvudzi remumwe munhu rikayamwa mugireti rezasi reJet Ski?¶

Pakarepo dhonza Engine Cut-Off Switch (ECOS) lanyard kuuraya injini kuitira kuti impeller yemukati imire kutenderera. Kana vhudzi remunhu kana sutu yekushambira yakavharirwa pazasi pegireti yekubata ichivabata pasi pemvura, usatambise nguva uchiedza kuisunungura pasi pemvura ivo vasingakwanisi kufema; nekukasira kutenderedza hull yePWC padivi payo (kana zvachose yakatarisa pasi) mumvura kuitira kuti gireti yekudya uye musoro wemunhu akabatwa usimudzwe pamusoro pemvura kuenda kumhepo, wobva wagera bvudzi kana tambo pasina nebanga kana trauma shears.

*Iri gwara rinopa munhu wega kudhumhana kwemvura kudzivirira, kununura, uye emergency hydrostatic trauma protocol uye haitsivire marezenisi ePWC anopihwa kana nyanzvi yekurapa. Funga kupedzisa NASBLA / Coast Guard Auxiliary / RYA PWC yekuchengetedza kosi uye yakasimbiswa yekutanga rubatsiro uye CPR kosi kuburikidza neRed Cross kana St John Ambulance.

Mazano anoenderana¶

• Boat propeller kurova uye ECOS inouraya-chinja lanyard mitemo: mukati-mvura hemorrhage control
• Tsaona dzezvikepe
• Mvura inotsvedza, dziva remafungu, rwizi rune usimbe, uye waterpark lifeguard triage
• Kunyura
• Kubuda ropa

Nzvimbo uye nhungamiro yepamutemo¶

• United States Coast Guard (USCG) & Personal Watercraft Industry Association (PWIA): Personal Watercraft Off-Throttle Steering Physics uye Orifice Injury Prevention Standards
• National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB, United States): Safety Study: Personalcraft Watercraft Safety, Off-Throttle Steering, uye Collision Analysis
• American College of Obstetricians uye Gynecologists (ACOG) & Journal of Trauma uye Acute Care Surgery: * Clinical Management yeHigh-Pressure Hydrostatic Vaginal, Perineal, uye Rectosigmoid Insufflation Injuries kubva kuMunhu Wemvura *
• Royal Yachting Association (RYA, United Kingdom) & Maritime New Zealand: Personal Watercraft (PWC) Mitemo Yakachengeteka Yekushanda uye Kununura
• Wilderness Medical Society (WMS): Dzidzira Mazano ekudzivirira uye Kurapa Kunyura uye Aquatic Barotrauma