Kupindura kune Subpoena, Deposition Summons, kana Court Order¶

Being handed a Subpoena by a process server or sheriff's deputy, or receiving a Subpoena Duces Tecum demanding your personal emails, text messages, bank statements, or business records, is an urgent legal event. Unlike a friendly request from a lawyer or investigator that you are free to ignore, a subpoena is a binding writ issued under the authority of a court. Ignoring a properly served subpoena, skipping a scheduled deposition or trial appearance, or deleting requested files after receiving notice can result in a judge issuing a Civil or Criminal Bench Warrant (Writ of Bodily Attachment) for your arrest, holding you in Contempt of Court, and ordering you to pay thousands of dollars in sanctions and the opposing party's attorney fees.

At the same time, receiving a subpoena does not mean you must blindly hand over private records tomorrow morning or show up on an impossible date without question. Under federal and state procedural rules (such as Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 45 in the United States, CPR Part 34 in the United Kingdom, and provincial Rules of Civil Procedure in Canada), non-party witnesses enjoy powerful legal protections against undue burden, geographic overreach, privileged or confidential disclosures, and short deadlines. By immediately instituting a Litigation Hold, verifying whether the subpoena was validly served with required witness fees, serving Written Objections within 14 days to freeze document production automatically, and negotiating reasonable date or scope modifications with the issuing attorney, you can comply with the law while protecting your rights and privacy.

Ita izvi ikozvino¶

1. Protect physical safety and verify whether you are a witness or a target. If anyone threatens your physical safety or tries to intimidate you regarding your testimony, call your local emergency number (911 in the United States and Canada, 112 across the European Union, 999 in the United Kingdom, or see nhamba dze emergency). Next, examine the top left box of the subpoena (The Case Caption) to verify whether you are merely a Non-Party Witness in someone else's dispute, a Named Defendant (see served with a civil lawsuit), or a potential Target / Subject of a Criminal or Grand Jury Investigation (see kupomerwa mhosva uye kudzivirira mhosva)
2. Institute an immediate 100% "Litigation Hold" (Do NOT delete a single text, email, or file). The instant you receive or learn about a subpoena, you are under a strict legal duty to preserve all potentially relevant physical and digital evidence. Do not delete text message threads, clear your browser history, shred paper notes, or allow auto-delete settings on WhatsApp, Signal, Slack, or email to overwrite messages. Deleting or altering records after receiving a subpoena transforms a civil dispute into a felony Obstruction of Justice / Spoliation of Evidence charge.
3. Record the exact date, time, and method of delivery. Write down on a separate sheet of paper (not on the original subpoena itself) the exact date and time you received the subpoena, whether it was handed to you in person or left in your mailbox/sent by email, and whether a Witness Fee and Mileage Check was attached. Improper service or missing witness fees are major procedural defenses.
4. Calendar the TWO critical deadlines: the Compliance Date AND the 14-Day Objection Deadline. Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 45(d)(2)(B) (and parallel rules in most states), if a civil subpoena commands you to produce documents, electronically stored information, or tangible things, you must serve Written Objections on the issuing attorney within 14 calendar days after the subpoena is served (or before the compliance date stated on the subpoena, whichever is earlier). Missing the 14-day window can waive your right to object.
5. Check if your employer, professional liability insurer, or homeowners policy provides a free lawyer. If the subpoena relates in any way to something you witnessed, wrote, or did at work, notify your employer's General Counsel / Legal Department or HR immediately; companies routinely provide their own corporate counsel to represent current and former employees at depositions free of charge. If it relates to your professional license (medical, nursing, therapy, accounting, real estate) or a personal accident, call your Malpractice / Professional Liability or Homeowners / Auto Insurance carrier immediately.
6. Never call the issuing lawyer to "explain everything" off the record. Lawyers who issue subpoenas frequently tell witnesses: "Just give me a quick 10-minute phone call to tell me what you know, or email me those records today, and maybe I can cancel your deposition." Be careful: anything you tell the lawyer on the phone is unprivileged, can be used against you, and rarely gets you out of testifying if what you say helps their case. Keep all initial contact strictly focused on scheduling and procedural logistics, or have an attorney speak for you.

Subpoena and summons triage decision tree¶

flowchart TD
    Root["Served with a Subpoena or Court Order"]
    SubType{"What type of subpoena did you receive?"}
    TestifyOnly["Subpoena Ad Testificandum:<br/>Commands you to appear in person<br/>to testify at a Deposition, Hearing, or Trial"]
    DocsOnly["Subpoena Duces Tecum (Records Only):<br/>Commands you to produce documents,<br/>emails, texts, or business records"]
    Both["Combined Deposition + Document Subpoena:<br/>Commands both testimony AND documents"]
    CrimGrand["Criminal / Grand Jury / Agency Subpoena:<br/>Issued by a Prosecutor, Grand Jury, SEC,<br/>DOJ, or Criminal Defense Lawyer"]

    CheckService["1. Verify valid personal service + Witness Fee check<br/>2. Check 100-Mile (160 km) Geographic Limit (FRCP 45)<br/>3. Check if you have scheduling conflicts"]
    NegotiateDate["Contact issuing counsel in writing to:<br/>1. Reschedule deposition to a mutually convenient date<br/>2. Convert to remote Zoom deposition, OR<br/>3. Place you 'On Call' (2-hr telephone notice) for trial"]

    Freeze14["Serve Written Rule 45(d)(2)(B) Objections<br/>BEFORE the earlier of 14 days after service<br/>or the compliance date"]
    AutoStay["Effect of Timely Written Objection:<br/>Obligation to produce documents is AUTOMATICALLY<br/>STAYED unless issuing lawyer wins a Court Order"]

    CrimCheck{"Could your testimony or records<br/>incriminate you in any crime, tax issue,<br/>or regulatory violation?"}
    ConsultCrim["Consult a Criminal Defense Attorney IMMEDIATELY:<br/>1. Determine if you are a 'Target', 'Subject', or 'Witness'<br/>2. Assert 5th Amendment Act-of-Production / Testimony Privilege<br/>3. Demand Statutory Immunity before testifying"]

    Root --> SubType
    SubType -->|Testimony Only| TestifyOnly
    SubType -->|Documents Only| DocsOnly
    SubType -->|Testimony + Docs| Both
    SubType -->|Criminal / Grand Jury| CrimGrand

    TestifyOnly --> CheckService
    CheckService --> NegotiateDate

    DocsOnly --> Freeze14
    Both --> Freeze14
    Freeze14 --> AutoStay
    Both --> CheckService

    CrimGrand --> CrimCheck
    CrimCheck -->|Yes or Unsure| ConsultCrim
    CrimCheck -->|Pure Bystander Witness| CheckService

Identifying the 4 types of subpoenas and who signed them¶

Look closely at the title of the document, the court listed at the top, and the signature line at the bottom to determine what power stands behind the subpoena:

5 procedural defects that make a civil subpoena invalid or unenforceable¶

Before you spend time or money complying with a burdensome civil subpoena, check whether the issuing lawyer violated any of these five mandatory procedural rules under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 45 (and analogous state statutes):

1. Improper Method of Service (Personal Delivery Required): Under FRCP Rule 45(b)(1) and the law of the majority of US states, a subpoena directed to a non-party witness must be personally delivered ("hand-delivered") to the named witness. Slipping a civil subpoena under your door, taping it to your porch, leaving it in a residential mailbox, or emailing it without your prior consent to accept electronic service is legally defective service in most jurisdictions (unless a judge specifically entered an order authorizing alternative service).
2. Failure to Tender the Mandatory Witness Fee and Mileage Check: If a civil subpoena commands your personal attendance at a deposition, hearing, or trial, Rule 45(b)(1) requires the server to simultaneously hand you a check or cash for one day's statutory attendance fee (40 USD per day in federal court, plus round-trip mileage at the federal GSA rate of 0.67 USD per mile / 0.42 USD per km; state witness fees range from 5 to 35 USD plus mileage). Under federal case law, a testimony subpoena served on a non-party without tendering the mandatory witness and mileage fee is invalid on its face. (Note: witness fees are not required for a records-only subpoena that does not command you to appear in person, or for criminal subpoenas issued on behalf of the government or an indigent criminal defendant.)
3. Violating the 100-Mile (160-Kilometer) Geographic Limit: Under FRCP Rule 45©(1)(A), a federal subpoena can only command a non-party witness to attend a trial, hearing, or in-person deposition at a location within 100 miles (160 kilometers) of where the witness resides, is employed, or regularly transacts business in person (or within the witness's home state if the witness is a party/officer or would not incur substantial expense for a state-wide trial). If an out-of-state lawyer serves you with a subpoena demanding that you fly or drive 400 kilometers (250 miles) to their office for a deposition, the court must quash or modify the subpoena under Rule 45(d)(3)(A)(ii), or the lawyer must conduct your deposition locally or via remote video (Zoom).
4. Unreasonable Time to Comply (Short-Notice Ambush): Under Rule 45(d)(3)(A)(i), a court must quash or modify a subpoena that "fails to allow a reasonable time to comply." Most federal and state courts define "reasonable time" for a document subpoena or non-party deposition as at least 14 to 30 calendar days (and some states, like California under CCP Section 2020.410, require a minimum of 15 to 20 days after service for business records). A subpoena served on a Wednesday demanding ten years of records on Friday morning is per se unreasonable.
5. Lack of Interstate Domestication (Out-of-State State Court Subpoena): A state court judge or lawyer in State A (for example, New York or Texas) has zero legal jurisdiction to mail or serve a State A court subpoena directly on a non-party resident living in State B (for example, Florida or California). Under the Uniform Interstate Depositions and Discovery Act (UIDDA) (adopted by over 45 US states), an out-of-state lawyer must first submit their subpoena to the Clerk of Court in YOUR home county and state to have it formally domesticated and re-issued as a local subpoena from your home state's court. An un-domesticated out-of-state civil subpoena has zero legal force across state lines.

How to stop a Document Subpoena in its tracks: The 14-Day Written Objection Letter¶

Kana iwe uchishandirwa neruzhinji Subpoena Duces Tecum (kana dhipoziti yakasanganiswa + rekodhi subpoena) ichida magwaro, maemail, zvinyorwa, kana marekodhi akawandisa, anopinda, akavanzika, kana anodhura kuunganidza, **HAUfanire kukwidza Motion inodhura yekubvisa mudare kutanga **.

Pasi pe*** Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 45(d)(2)(B)** (uye zvakaenzana nenyika), chapupu chisiri chebato chinogona kungotumira kana kutumira email** Tsamba Yekuramba Yakanyorwa** kune gweta rakapa subpoena pamberi penguva yakatarwa yekutevedzwa KANA mazuva gumi nemana mushure mekunge subpoena yapihwa.

Sei kushandira Zvirambwa Zvakanyorwa kune simba¶

Iyo nguva yaunotumira yako Zvakanyorwa Zvakanyorwa pane gweta ririkuburitsa: - Chisungo chako chekuburitsa magwaro anopokana AKAZOFORWA (KUGARA). - Iwe haugone kubatwa uchizvidza nekunyima magwaro anopokana. - Mutoro unoshandura 100 muzana ku ** gweta rinopa ** kuti risiye chikumbiro, kutaurirana chibvumirano chakamanikana newe, kana kushandisa mari yemutengi wavo kuisa fomu ** Motion yekumanikidza ** nemutongi, apo mutemo unoda kuti mutongi akuchengetedze, semunhu asiri bato, kubva ku "muripo wakakura unobva mukutevedzwa kweKutepfenyurwa-Mandaiti" ( 45(d)(2)(B)(ii)).

Sample Rule 45(d)(2)(B) Zvakanyorwa Zvirambidzo kune Subpoena Duces Tecum¶

Tumira tsamba iyi kuburikidza neemail UYE Tsamba Yakasimbiswa ine Receipt Yekudzoserwa Yakakumbirwa kune gweta rakanyorwa pa subpoena mumazuva gumi nemana ekarenda ebasa (uye zuva rekuteerera risati rasvika):

** Musoro: Zvirambwa Zvakanyorwa Zvakarongwa Zvichienderana neMutemo 45 (d) (2) (B) kune Subpoena Duces Tecum: [Isa Zita reNyaya uye Nhamba Yenyaya]**

Anodiwa [Zita reGweta Rinoburitsa],

Zvichienderana ne [Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 45(d)(2)(B) / Inoshanda State Rule], isiri-bato [Zita Rako Rakazara kana Zita reKambani] apa rinoshandisa izvi panguva yakakodzera Zvakanyorwa Zvirambidzo kune Subpoena Kugadzira Zvinyorwa, Ruzivo, kana Zvinhu zvakapihwa pa *[Date reSevhisi] Date].

** Zvakawanda uye Zvakananga Zvirambidzo kune Zvinyorwa Zvikumbiro: ** 1. Mutoro Usingakodzeri Uye Kushandiswa Kwevasiri Bato (Mutemo 45(d)(1) & (d)(3)(A)(iv)): Semunhu asiri mubato kudare iri, [Zita Rako] rinopokana nezvikumbiro Nha. [1 kusvika X] seyakakura zvakanyanyisa, inoda kuremedza, uye inorema zvisingaite, ** kutaurirana, zvinyorwa, kana marekodhi"** pamusoro pemakore akawanda pasina zvine musoro nyaya-nyaya kana misi yakatarwa. Zvichienderana neMutemo 45 (d) (2) (B) (ii), kana chero chigadzirwa chikazoodha, [Zita Rako] inoda kusungirwa kuchinjisa mutengo uye kumberi kudzoserwa kwenguva yese inonzwisisika, kutorwa kweIT, kukopa, uye mari yekuongorora zviri pamutemo inodiwa kutevedzera. 2. Nguva Yakakwana Yekutevedzera (Mutemo 45(d)(3)(A)(i)): [Zita Rako] rinopikisa subpoena kusvika parinotadza kubvumira nguva yakafanira yekutsvaga, kuongorora, uye kupindura-screen zvinhu zvakakumbirwa. 3. Gweta-Mutengi Ropafadzo, Chigadzirwa Chebasa, uye Kuvanzika Kwemitemo (Mutemo 45(d)(3)(A)(iii)): [Zita Rako] rinopokana ne subpoena kusvika pamwero wainotsvaka ruzivo rwakachengetedzwa negweta-mutengi ropafadzo, basa-chigadzirwa dzidziso, kutengeserana kwemari / FPA kodzero dzekutengeserana / HIPA chakavanzika]** dziviriro, kana ruzivo rwechakavanzika rwechitatu kana pasina mvumo yakasainwa kana Dziviriro Order. .

Zvichienderana neRule 45 (d) (2) (B), zvichibva pane zvipikiso izvi zvakanyorwa panguva, hapana magwaro anozoburitswa asipo chibvumirano chakanyorwa chinopfupisa chiyero uye kudzosera mari yekutevedzera, kana mutongo wedare. Zvakadaro, ndiripo kusangana nekupa parunhare pa**[Date/Nguva]** kuti tikurukure kana chirevo chakanyatsogadzirirwa, chisingaremedzi kana kuti afidaviti chinogona kugutsa zvaunoda pasina kupindira kwedare.

nemoyo wese, [Siginicha Yako, Zita Rakadhindwa, Kero Yetsamba, Email, uye Nhamba Yerunhare]

Ko kana subpoena ikaraira Uchapupu hwako chaihwo? (Motion to Quash vs. Negotiation)¶

Musiyano wakakosha: Kushandisa tsamba yemazuva gumi nemana yeKurambwa pasi peRule 45(d)(2)(B) kunodzima kugadzirwa kwemagwaro, asi mumatare mazhinji*hazvikuregedzere kamwe kuti usaratidze deposition kana humbowo hwekutongwa kana pasina sarudzo yasvikwa zuva rekuonekwa risati rasvika. Kana subpoena ikaraira uchapupu hwako huripo:

1. ** Fonera kana kutumira email kune gweta riri kuburitsa kutanga kutaurirana Date, Format, kana "On-Call" Status:**
2. Kune Deposition: Magweta anotora zuva risingaite kana achinyora subpoena. Kana uine basa, kuriritira vana, kurapwa, kana kusawirirana kwekufamba, email kugweta nekukasira uchipa 3 mamwe mazuva 2 kusvika 4 mavhiki ekubuda, uye uvakumbire kuti vanyore nekunyora kuti vaite deposition kuburikidza ** Zoom / Remote Vhidhiyo ** kuti haufanirwe kufamba. Gara uchiwana chero shanduko yezuva kana kudzima ** mukunyora (email simbiso) **, usambovimba nevimbiso yemuromo yekuti deposition yakamiswa.
3. Kutongwa kweDare: Mapepa edare anogara achinyora "Zuva Rokutanga reKutongwa na9:00 AM," kunyange zvazvo gweta ringatadza kukudaidza kunzvimbo yeuchapupu kusvika China masikati. Tumira email kugweta uye kumbira kuiswa pa "Pa-Call / Standby Agreement", apo unosimbisa nekunyora kuti wakaregererwa kugara mudare redzimhosva paZuva 1 uye unobvuma kuenda kudare mukati me** maawa maviri kusvika mana ekugamuchira runhare kana mameseji ** kana nguva yako yekupupura yasvika.
4. ** Paunofanirwa kuisa gwaro re "Motion to Quash or Modify Subpoena" (Rule 45(d) (3)):** Kana gweta ririkupa richiramba kurongazve zuva risingagoneke rekuisa, rinoda humbowo huchityora mutemo wemamaira zana, kana kutsvaga humbowo hune ropafadzo (senge mutori wenhau, mutori wenhau anotaurirana newawakaroorana naye, mutori wenhau anotaurirana newawakaroorana naye, mutori wenhau anotaurirana newawakaroorana naye. ropafadzo yeFifth Amendment yevapari vemhosva), unofanira kuisa Motion yekuQuash Subpoena uye/kana Motion for Protective Order nedare ** zuva rakarongwa reuchapupu** risati rasvika.

Kupukunyuka Chigaro Kana Kuti Uchapupu Hwedare: Mitemo 7 Inoitirwa Zvakanakira Zvapupu¶

Kana ukaenda kunopihwa humbowo kana humbowo hwekutongwa, tevera iyi mitemo minomwe yemudare inoshandiswa nemagweta anotonga kudzivirira zvapupu kubva kumisungo:

1. Taura chokwadi chakakwana zana (Kunyepa imhosva, nepo chokwadi chakaipa chisingamborwadze munhu asiri mubato): Usambofa wakawedzerera, kusvibisa chokwadi, kana kufungidzira kubatsira shamwari kana mushandirwi. Kunyepa uchipika pamusoro pechinhu chechokwadi imhosva Kunyepa (18 U.S.C. Chikamu 1621).
2. Teerera kumubvunzo wese, imbomira masekonzi maviri akazara, wopindura CHETE mubvunzo chaiwo wakabvunzwa: Usazvipira kuzvipira kune dzimwe nyaya, tsananguro, kana dzidziso. Kana gweta rikabvunza kuti, "Munoziva here kuti musangano wakatanga nguvai?" mhinduro yechokwadi inongoti "Hongu" kana kuti "Kwete", kwete kutaura kwemaminetsi mashanu pamusoro pezvakaitika pamusangano. Kumbomira masekondi maviri usati wataura kunopawo chero gweta riri mumba nguva yekutaura Objection pane rekodhi.
3. "Handizive" uye "Handichayeuki" mhinduro dzakakwana, dzechokwadi: Usafe wakafembera, kufungidzira, kana kufungidzira madaro, kumhanya, mazuva, kana nhaurirano chaidzo kana usina chokwadi. Kana iwe usingayeuke kana email yakatumirwa munaKurume kana Kubvumbi, taura zvakajeka: "Handiyeuki zuva chairo ndisina kutarisa gwaro."
4. Usambotaura nezvegwaro kusvikira gweta rakupa iwe uye waverenga peji rose: Kana gweta rinobvisa rikabvunza kuti, "Hamuna kunyora here muemail yenyu yaJune 12 kuti mabhureki akatyoka?" pindura wakadzikama: "Ndapota ndiratidzei email yaJune 12 yauri kureva kuti ndigoiverenga muchirevo ndisati ndapindura."
5. Chenjera "Wataura nemunhu kuti ugadzirire nhasi?" trap: Magweta anopikisa anogara achibvunza wawakataura naye uye kuti ndeapi magwaro awaongorora kuti agadzirire kuiswa kwako. Sei? Pasi pe** Federal Rule of Evidence 612**, kana ukaongorora bhuku rakavanzika kana gwaro kuti mutsiridze ndangariro nokuda kweuchapupu hwako, gweta rinopikisa rinogona kuda kuona nekukopa gwaro iroro (kunze kwekunge rakachengetedzwa gweta-mutengi kutaurirana). Usambofa wakaunza zvinyorwa zvako, diary, kana nhare panzvimbo yeuchapupu kunze kwekunge subpoena yanyatso raira kuti zvibudiswe.
6. Ziva nguva yekukumbira yako yeChishanu Amendment Ropafadzo yeKuzvipa mhosva: Kunyangwe mumatare edzimhosva, nyaya yekurambana, kana manejimendi, unochengetedza bumbiro rako remutemo Fifth Amendment kodzero yekuramba kupindura chero mubvunzo apo mhinduro yechokwadi inogona kupa "chibatanidza muketani yehumbowo" (une hutsotsi kana humbowo hwemutero) chiitiko chisina kunyoreswa, kubata zvinodhaka, kurova, kana PPP / hutsotsi hwekushaya basa). Kusiyana nemupomerwi wemhosva (uyo anogona kuramba kupa uchapupu zvachose), chapupu chehurumende chinodaidzwa kuti chigare pasi, chitaure zita racho, chiteerere mubvunzo wega wega, uye chibvunza mubvunzo-mubvunzo weropafadzo: "Nezano rezano, ndinokumbira neruremekedzo ropafadzo yangu yeFifth Amendment kuti ndirege kuzvipa mhosva uye kuramba kupindura."
7. Mushandirwi wako angakudzinga here nekuda kwekutadza basa kuti uteerere gwaro redziviriro? Munyika zhinji dzeUS, Canada, UK, neAustralia, ** hazvisi pamutemo pasi pemitemo yedziviriro yehurumende nedziviriro yehurumende** kuti mushandirwi adzinge basa, adzikise, aranga, kana kutyisidzira mushandi kuti atore nguva kubasa kuti ateerere **dare kana kuisa dare redzimhosva, dare rechitatu, dare rechitatu. masamanisi), chero ukapa mushandirwi wako makopi esamanisi kana wangoigamuchira.

Mitemo yepasirese yemasamanisi eZvapupu uye maSummons (UK, Canada, Australia)¶

• United Kingdom (Kudaidzira kweChapupu pasi peCPR Chikamu 34 & Mitemo yeKupara mhosva): MuEngland neWales, izwi rekuti "subpoena" rakatsiviwa ne Samani reZvapupu (Fomu N20 mumatare ehurumende). Pasi peCivil Procedure Rule 34.5 and 34.6, masamanisi eChapupu anosunga chete kana apihwa angangoita mazuva 7 zuva iro mupupu ari kufanira kuuya risati rasvika (kunze kwekunge mutongi anyatso raira chiziviso chipfupi) UYE ari kushanda achipa kana kubhadhara Kuitisa Mari (muripo wekufamba kuenda nekudzoka kudare pamwe nekubhadharwa kwemutemo). Kana ukapihwa masamanisi eChapupu pasina kana chiziviso chemazuva manomwe, usina Kuitisa Mari, kana kuda magwaro akasarudzika/asina basa, unogona kunyorera kudare pasi peCPR 34.3(4) kuti masamanisi eZvapupu ** aiswe parutivi kana kuti akasiyana*.
• ** Canada (Summons to Chapupu / Subpoena pasi peProvincial Rules & Criminal Code):** MuCanada zviito zvehurumende (zvakadai se ** Mutemo 53.04 / Rule 34.04 weOntario Mitemo yeCivil Procedure ), ** Kushevedzera kuChapupu (Fomu 53A) kunze kwekunge iwe uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchirwa masamanisi pamwe chete nemutemo unosungirwa Kupinda Mari (yakaverengerwa pasi peTariff A: kazhinji 50 CAD pazuva pamwe nemvumo yekufambisa). Kana masamanisi achituka, achidzvinyirira, kana kutsvaga zvinyorwa zvisina basa kubva kune asiri mubato, unogona kuuya nechikumbiro chekuti bvisa masamanisi. MuCanada mhosva dzehutsotsi (Criminal Code Chikamu 698 kusvika 708), Subpoena haidi mari yekuenda kune zvapupu zveko uye inotakura ** Material Chapupu Warrant ** kana ikafuratirwa.
• Australia (Subpoena Yekupinda Kupa Humbowo / Subpoena Yekugadzira): Pasi pe Uniform Civil Procedure Mitemo (UCPR Chikamu 33) uye Federal Court Mitemo muAustralia yose, subpoena haina isipo zviri pamutemo kunze kwekunge yapihwa kana kuti "Zuva Rekupedzisira Rebasa" yakadhindwa pachena, uye inoburitsa pachena bato racho. Mari** inokwana kuti usangane nemari yako yekufamba uye yepekugara. Pamusoro pezvo, kune ** Subpoena Yekugadzira Zvinyorwa **, bato ririkuburitsa rinosungirwa zviri pamutemo pasi peUCPR Rule 33.11 kubhadhara asiri webato ** kurasikirwa kunonzwisisika kana mari yakawanikwa mukutevedzera subpoena ** (kusanganisira nguva yevashandi, kutsvaga kweIT, mubhadharo wefotokopi, uye zano repamutemo pane rombo rakanaka). Iwe unogona kunyorera kuna Registrar kana Dare kuti **isa parutivi subpoena yakazara kana muchikamu ** kana iri "rwendo rwekuredza," kudzvanyirira, kana kushungurudzwa kwemaitiro.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa¶

Kwatariswa¶

• United States Courts & Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts: Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 45 (Subpoena: Service, 100-Mile Geographic Limits, 14-Day Written Objections, Quashing or Modifying a Subpoena, and Non-Party Cost Shifting), Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 17, and Form AO 88 / AO 88A / AO 88B.
• United States Code: 28 U.S.C. Section 1821 (Per Diem Witness Attendance Fees and Mileage Allowances in Federal Courts) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1512 / 1519 (Obstruction and Destruction of Records in Federal Investigations).
• Uniform Law Commission (United States): Uniform Interstate Depositions and Discovery Act (UIDDA) Enactment Status and Out-of-State Subpoena Domestication Procedures.
• Ministry of Justice (United Kingdom): Civil Procedure Rules (CPR) Part 34 (Witnesses, Depositions, Witness Summonses, 7-Day Service Rule, and Conduct Money) and Practice Direction 34A.
• Ontario Ministry of the Attorney General (Canada): Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 34.04 & Rule 53.04 (Summons to Witness, Tariff A Attendance Money Requirements, and Motions to Quash).
• Federal Court of Australia & NSW Uniform Civil Procedure Rules (Australia): UCPR Part 33 (Subpoenas: Conduct Money, Last Day for Service, Compliance Expenses under Rule 33.11, and Setting Aside Subpoenas).

Mazano anoenderana¶

• Akashumirwa nedare redzimhosva
• Kupomerwa mhosva uye kudzivirira mhosva
• Mirairo yekurambidza, mirairo yekudzivirira, uye mirairo yekukurumidzira
• Reporting workplace safety hazards and whistleblower rights