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Mikroto'lqinli pechning olovi, metall yoyi va qizib ketgan suyuqlik portlashlari

Favqulodda yordam raqamlari mamlakatga qarab farq qiladi. Bu sahifada 911, AQSh va Kanada uchun raqam ishlatiladi. Ko'pgina boshqa mamlakatlar 112, 999 yoki boshqa raqamdan foydalanadilar. Mamlakatingiz uchun raqamni toping.

Microwave ovens are present in over 90 percent of kitchens across North America, Europe, and Australia, operating reliably thousands of times a year by generating high-frequency electromagnetic waves (typically at 2.45 gigahertz, or 2.45 billion cycles per second) from a vacuum tube called a magnetron. Because a microwave heats food internally by agitating polar water, fat, and sugar molecules rather than heating the surrounding air, people rarely think of it as a fire or explosion hazard. Yet fire services and burn centers respond to thousands of microwave emergencies every year.

These emergencies occur in three distinct ways: active cavity fires (usually triggered when someone accidentally sets the timer for 20 minutes instead of 2 minutes on popcorn, bread, reheated takeout boxes, or dry rice heat packs, turning food into glowing carbon char that ignites into open flames), electrical arcing and waveguide fires (when aluminum foil, metal twist-ties, gold-rimmed plates, or carbonized grease on the interior mica waveguide cover channel high-voltage lightning bolts across the cavity), and violent thermal steam explosions (when smooth mugs of superheated water, whole eggs, or sealed containers erupt straight into the user's face and eyes the instant the door is opened or a spoon is dipped in). Knowing why you must keep the microwave door strictly shut during a fire, how to distinguish harmless food arcing from a burned-out magnetron waveguide, and how to handle superheated liquids safely prevents house fires and blinding facial burns.

NEVER open the door of a smoking or flaming microwave oven

If you see flames, glowing orange embers, or thick dark smoke inside your microwave oven, keep the microwave door tightly CLOSED. Inside the sealed steel box of a closed microwave, a fire quickly consumes the small pocket of trapped oxygen and suffocates itself. The instant you pull the microwave door open, a rush of fresh room oxygen floods the superheated carbonized food, causing a violent backdraft fireball to erupt outward into your face, ignite overhead kitchen cabinets, and fill your lungs with toxic plastic and carbon monoxide smoke. Leave the door shut, unplug the power cord (or flip the circuit breaker off), and wait until the fire is completely out and cold.

Buni hozir qiling

  1. Leave the microwave door CLOSED and press Cancel/Stop or unplug the unit immediately. If food, paper packaging, or the interior wall of the microwave is sparking, smoking, or burning, do not open the door to pull the burning item out. If you can safely reach the wall outlet without leaning into smoke or flames, unplug the microwave power cord directly from the wall (for an over-the-range microwave plugged inside the upper cabinet directly above the stove, do not open the cabinet above a burning unit; walk straight to your main electrical breaker panel and flip the dedicated 15-amp or 20-amp "Microwave" circuit breaker to OFF).
  2. Call your local emergency number if flames escape the unit or smoke does not subside within 60 seconds. Once power is disconnected and the door remains closed, the flames inside the sealed metal cavity should starve of oxygen and die down within 1 to 2 minutes. If flames spread out through the top air vents into the upper wooden cabinetry, if the outer plastic control panel melts, or if heavy black smoke continues pouring from the unit after power is off, evacuate everyone from the house, close the kitchen door behind you if possible, and call your local emergency number (911 in the United States and Canada, 112 across the European Union, 999 in the United Kingdom, or see all favqulodda raqamlar).
  3. Keep a dry chemical (Class ABC) fire extinguisher aimed at the closed door, and NEVER throw water onto a plugged-in appliance. Stand back 2 meters (6 feet) holding a multi-purpose Class ABC dry chemical fire extinguisher or carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) extinguisher ready. Only if the glass window shatters or flames breach the exterior cabinet after you have shut off the electrical breaker should you discharge the extinguisher into the flames.
  4. Wait at least 30 to 60 minutes before cracking the microwave door open after a smoldering fire. Carbonized popcorn bags, charred bread, and melted plastic dishes hold intense internal core heat above their auto-ignition temperature (over 300 degrees Celsius / 570 degrees Fahrenheit) long after open flames vanish. Opening the door 3 minutes after the flames go out frequently re-ignites the smoldering char block on contact with fresh room air. Wait until the front glass feels completely cool to the back of your hand, open kitchen windows first, and stand to the hinged side of the door when opening it.
  5. If you boiled plain water in a smooth mug and it is not bubbling, DO NOT touch the mug or stir it. Water heated in a smooth glass or ceramic cup in a microwave can become superheated above 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit) without forming a single steam bubble. Reaching in immediately to grab the handle or dropping a spoon, teabag, or instant coffee granules into the cup causes instantaneous, explosive flash-boiling that blasts scalding water straight into your eyes and face. Leave the microwave door closed and let the cup sit undisturbed for 2 to 3 minutes until it cools below boiling point before touching it.
  6. Cool any steam, liquid, or egg explosion burn immediately with cool running tap water for 20 minutes. If superheated water, soup, or an exploding microwaved egg splashes onto skin or eyes, immediately place the burned skin under cool running tap water (15 to 20 degrees Celsius / 59 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit, never ice or ice water) for a full 20 minutes following our burns first aid guide. If hot liquid or egg debris hits the eyes, flush the open eyes gently under cool running tap water or sterile saline for 15 to 20 minutes and seek immediate emergency ophthalmic care via our ko'z jarohatlari bo'yicha qo'llanma.

Microwave emergency triage and action flowchart

Use this decision tree to respond safely depending on whether your microwave is on fire, sparking/arcing, or holding a superheated liquid hazard.

flowchart TD
    Start["Microwave Oven Emergency:<br/>Fire/Smoke, Electrical Sparks (Arcing), or Superheated Liquid"] --> EventType{"What is happening right now?"}

    EventType -->|"Flames, glowing embers,<br/>or thick smoke inside cavity"| FireProtocol["1. KEEP MICROWAVE DOOR STRICTLY CLOSED<br/>2. Unplug cord OR flip main panel breaker OFF<br/>3. Stand back with Class ABC Fire Extinguisher"]

    FireProtocol --> SpreadCheck{"Do flames breach the vents/cabinets<br/>or keep smoking after 2 minutes?"}
    SpreadCheck -->|"Yes, spreading or heavy smoke"| Call911["Evacuate Home Immediately<br/>Close doors behind you and call 911 / 112 / 999"]
    SpreadCheck -->|"No, flames suffocate inside closed box"| CoolWait["Wait 30 to 60 minutes until front glass is cold<br/>Ventilate kitchen windows, then inspect unit<br/>(Do not reuse unit if wiring/cavity is charred)"]

    EventType -->|"Blue/white lightning sparks<br/>or buzzing zaps (Arcing)"| ArcStop["Press Stop/Cancel Immediately<br/>Wait 1 minute, then open door and inspect source"]
    ArcStop --> ArcSource{"Where did the sparks come from?"}

    ArcSource -->|"Foil, twist-tie, spoon, metallic rim,<br/>or high-mineral carrots/hot dogs"| RemoveMetal["Remove metallic item or stir food with water<br/>Safe to keep using microwave if cavity wall is unburned"]
    ArcSource -->|"Sparks shooting from small cardboard-like<br/>plate on ceiling/side wall (Waveguide Cover)"| WaveguideFix["Unplug Microwave:<br/>Clean grease or replace $8 Mica Waveguide Cover<br/>(If metal tip of magnetron antenna underneath is melted, replace unit)"]

    EventType -->|"Boiled water in smooth mug<br/>or heated whole egg / sealed container"| SuperheatWait["DO NOT TOUCH OR OPEN IMMEDIATELY:<br/>Leave door closed for 3 to 5 minutes to cool below 100C (212F)<br/>If scalded, flush skin/eyes with cool tap water for 20 minutes"]

Scenario 1: Active microwave oven fire and toxic smoke containment

Over 85 percent of residential microwave fires start not from an electrical wiring fault, but from extreme thermal runaway in overcooked food or non-microwave-safe packaging. When a child or distracted adult enters 20:00 instead of 2:00 to heat a bag of microwave popcorn, a frozen pastry, a bread roll wrapped in a paper towel, or a homemade cloth heating pad filled with dry rice, flaxseed, or cherry pits:

  1. During the first 2 to 3 minutes, the microwave boils off 100 percent of the free water moisture inside the food.
  2. Once the water is gone, the temperature of the dry starch, cellulose paper, and oil climbs rapidly past 200 to 300 degrees Celsius (400 to 575 degrees Fahrenheit), converting the core of the food into pure black pyrolytic carbon (charcoal).
  3. Carbon is an electrical conductor that absorbs 2.45-GHz microwave energy with extreme efficiency. The glowing red-hot carbon core rapidly reaches 500+ degrees Celsius (930+ degrees Fahrenheit), igniting the surrounding paper wrapper, cooking oil vapors, and polypropylene container into open flames.

Nima uchun eshikni ochish chaqqon portlashni keltirib chiqaradi

Bir qop popkorn yoki plastik idishni yoqib yuboradigan yopiq mikroto'lqinli pechda yong'in 30 dan 50 litrgacha (1 dan 2 kub futgacha) kislorodni tezda 10 foizdan pastga tushiradi. Bu bo'shliq yonmagan, o'ta qizib ketgan uglevodorod tutun gazlari va kislorodni kutayotgan yorqin uglerod bilan to'la qoldiradi.

Agar siz yonayotgan idishni lavaboga tashlash uchun mikroto'lqinli pechning eshigini ochsangiz: - Xonadagi 21 foizlik yangi kislorod bo'shliqqa kirib, to'plangan tutun gazini bir zumda yuzingiz va qo'llaringiz oldida mini tutun portlashi (orqa tortish) holatida yoqadi. - Bundan ham yomoni, yonayotgan yog 'havzasini ko'tarish yoki yonayotgan plastmassani eritish oshxona peshtaxtasi va polga olovni tomizadi. - Eshikni har doim yopiq holda qoldiring. Shisha oyna va po'lat to'rli ekran (mikroto'lqinli pechlarni ichida saqlaydigan Faraday qafasi) kislorod tugaguncha kichik ichki oziq-ovqat yong'inlarini xavfsiz saqlash uchun ishlab chiqilgan.

Mikroto'lqinli pechning qattiq tutunini qanday xavfsiz havoga chiqarish va jihozni tozalash yoki almashtirish

O'chirgich 45 dan 60 minutgacha o'chirilgach va shisha eshik butunlay sovuq bo'lganda:

  1. Ochishdan oldin ventilyatsiya qiling: Oshxonaning barcha derazalari va tashqi eshiklarini oching va ochiq havoda keskin hidni tortib oladigan salbiy bosim hosil qilish uchun tashqariga puflab turuvchi ventilyatorni qo'ying (agar u tutunni oshxona shiftiga yuqori panjurlardan chiqarib yuborsa, aylanib yuruvchi egzoz ventilyatorini yoqmang).
  2. Qo'llaringizni va o'pkangizni himoya qiling: Oshxona pechining og'ir qo'lqoplari yoki nitril qo'lqoplarini kiying va eshikni ochayotganda to'g'ridan-to'g'ri nafas olishdan saqlaning, chunki kuygan plastmassa (polistirol/polipropilen) va kuygan teflon/yopishmaydigan popkorn qoplari astarlari tirnash xususiyati beruvchi aldegidlar, kislotali fumalar va stirollarni chiqaradi.
  3. Yonib ketgan qoldiqlarni metall idishga yoki ho‘l po‘lat lavaboga olib tashlang: Sovuq kuygan qoldiqlarni tashqi axlat qutisiga olib chiqishdan oldin to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri qopqoqli metall qozonga o‘tkazing yoki zanglamaydigan po‘latdan yasalgan lavaboda yaxshilab yuvib tashlang.
  4. Mikroto'lqinli pechni qayta ulash uchun xavfsiz yoki yo'qligini hal qiling:
  5. Mikroto‘lqinli pechni zudlik bilan tashlang va almashtiring, agar: Har qanday ichki plastik shift paneli yoki aylanuvchi stol ulagichi erib ketgan bo‘lsa, ichki bo‘yalgan po‘lat devorlari yalang‘och metallgacha pufaklangan bo‘lsa, eshik qistirmalari qistirmalari yoki eshik mandallari egri bo‘lsa (bu mikroto‘lqinli pechning nurlanishini sizdirishi mumkin), yon paneldagi shamollatish teshiklaridan elektr tutuni chiqsa yoki oyna oynasi yorilib ketgan bo‘lsa.
  6. Agar bu ozgina kuygan oziq-ovqat / kuchli tutun hodisasi bo'lsa, strukturaviy kuyishlar yo'q: Jihozni elektr tarmog'idan uzing, ichki devorlari va shisha aylanuvchi patnisni iliq suv, suyuq sovun va soda pastasi bilan yaxshilab yuvib, kislotali tutun qoldiqlarini zararsizlantiring va idish ichida faollashtirilgan oq sirka yoki to'q ko'pik solingan idishni yopiq holda qoldiring48. uzoq davom etadigan tutun hidlarini o'zlashtirish uchun soat.

2-stsenariy: Mikroto'lqinli pechda uchqun va chaqmoq (elektr yoyi)

Yorqin ko'k-oq elektr uchqunlarini ko'rish, plazma miltillashi yoki ishlayotgan mikroto'lqinli pech ichida baland bzzzz-ZAP shovqinini eshitish dahshatli, ammo bu mikroto'lqinli pechning bomba kabi portlashini bildirmaydi. Bu hodisa dielektrik parchalanishi va elektr yoyi deb ataladi.

Nima uchun metall va ba'zi oziq-ovqatlar mikroto'lqinli pechda uchqun bo'ladi?

Mikroto'lqinlar elektromagnit to'lqinlar bo'lib, ular o'tkazuvchan materiallardagi erkin elektronlarning sekundiga 2,45 milliard marta oldinga va orqaga ko'tarilishiga olib keladi.

  • Yupqa, o‘tkir yoki g‘ijimlangan metall qirralari qalin silliq metallga nisbatan: Silliq, qalin po‘lat devorlar (mikroto‘lqinli pechning ichki devorlari kabi) mikroto‘lqinlarni oyna kabi zararsiz aks ettiradi. Biroq, mikroto'lqinli pechlar yupqa alyuminiy folga, ajinlangan folga o'rami, metall galstuk, vilkaning uchli tishlari yoki nozik chinni krujkalardagi mikroskopik soch chizig'i oltin/kumush metall bo'yoq bilan urilib ketganda, elektronlar o'tkir nuqtalar va ingichka qirralarga shiddat bilan to'planadi. Bu havoni ikkita metall nuqta o'rtasida yoki folgadan mikroto'lqinli devorga sakrab o'tadigan porlab turgan plazma chaqmoq yoyiga aylantiradigan katta kuchlanish gradientini (santimetrga minglab volt) hosil qiladi.
  • Nega sabzi, uzum, sosiska va suyakli go'sht ba'zan uchqun chiqaradi (Metal yo'q): Uchqunlarni ko'rish uchun mikroto'lqinli pechda hatto metall kerak emas:
  • Bola sabzi, yashil loviya va karamni kesib oling: Minerallarga boy tuproqda yetishtirilgan sabzavotlar tarkibida tabiiy tuzlar, temir, magniy va kaliy mavjud bo‘lib, o‘tkir pichoq bilan o‘tkir xomashyo qirralariga atrofdagi suv juda oz bo‘lgan holda kesilganda, ular uchlari va to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri bog‘lab turadigan miniatyura dipol antennalari kabi ishlaydi.
  • Hot-doglar va kolbasalar: qattiq tuzlarning yuqori konsentratsiyasi va notekis yog'lar/mineral cho'ntaklari kichik lokalizatsiya sirt yoylarini keltirib chiqarishi mumkin.
  • Kesilgan uzum: Yupqa po‘stloq ko‘prigi bilan bog‘langan uzumning ikki yarmi suv ichidagi 2,45 gigagertsli mikroto‘lqinlarning 12,2 santimetr to‘lqin uzunligi bilan rezonanslash uchun aniq diametrga ega, elektromagnit issiq nuqtani to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri teginish nuqtasiga qaratib, kaliy va natriyni yorqin plasmaga ionlashtiradi.

Tashxis jadvali: zararsiz oziq-ovqat uchquni va xavfli to'lqin uzatuvchi yong'in

Mikroto'lqinli pech ichida uchqunlarni ko'rsangiz, darhol To'xtatish/Bekor qilish tugmasini bosing va to'xtatilgandan so'ng ichki qismini tekshirish uchun ushbu jadvaldan foydalaning:

Uchqunlar paydo bo'lgan joyda Arqonga nima sabab bo'ldi Mikroto'lqinli pech shikastlanganmi? Aniq tuzatish harakati
Plastinkada, oziq-ovqat plyonkasida yoki krujka tutqichida Ajinlangan alyuminiy folga, folga sariyog '/qog'oz qopqog'i, yashirin simli qog'ozli bog'ich, metall vilka yoki idish-tovoqdagi dekorativ metall kumush/oltin hoshiya. Yo'q (agar yoy bo'yalgan devorga sakrab tushsa va metall bo'shliq orqali teshikni yoqib yubormasa). Metall o'ramni yoki idishni olib tashlang, ovqatni oddiy shisha yoki keramikaga o'tkazing va pishirishni davom ettiring.
Xom sabzavotlar, quruq kolbasa yoki suyak uchlari o'rtasida Tabiiy mineral ionlari (temir, kaliy, natriy tuzlari) quruq, o'tkir oziq-ovqat uchlari bo'ylab elektromagnit oqimlarni to'playdi. Yo'q. Idishga 1-2 osh qoshiq (15-30 millilitr) suv qo'shing, bug'ni ushlab turish uchun mikroto'lqinli pechda xavfsiz qopqoq bilan yoping va yarmigacha aralashtiring.
Metal simli tokcha tayanchlarida (konveksiya/grilda mikroto'lqinli pechlarda) To'rtta izolyatsiyalangan plastik o'rnatish qisqichlari ichida to'g'ri o'tirish o'rniga yon bo'shliq devoriga tegib turgan metall tokcha yoki qisqichni ko'prik qilib qo'ygan yonib ketgan yog' bo'lagi. Yo'q, agar darhol qo'lga olinsa. Ko'p darajali narsalarni qo'llanmaga muvofiq pishirmaguningizcha, metall simli tokchani butunlay olib tashlang va plastik tokcha qisqichlarini beg'ubor saqlang.
Ichki o'ng devor yoki shipdagi to'rtburchaklar sarg'ish/kulrang kartonga o'xshash kichkina plastinkadan suratga olish Kuygan yoki moy bilan namlangan slyuda to‘lqin yo‘riqnomasi qopqog‘i: slyuda qopqog‘iga sochilgan oziq-ovqat moyi o‘tkazuvchan ko‘mirga aylanadi va to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri uning orqasidagi magnetron antennasiga yoylanadi. Potensial ha, agar e'tibor berilmasa. Uchqunli to'lqin yo'riqnomasi qopqog'ini ishga tushirishni davom ettirish magnetron trubasining mis antenna qopqog'ini eritib yuboradi. Mikroto‘lqinli pechni darhol elektr tarmog‘idan uzing. Pechni qayta ishlatishdan oldin quyidagi 5 daqiqalik To‘lqin yo‘riqnomasi qopqog‘ini tekshirish va almashtirish bosqichlarini bajaring.

Kuygan Slyuda to'lqin yo'riqnomasi qopqog'ini qanday tekshirish va 10 dollarga almashtirish mumkin

Ko'p odamlar 300 dollarlik juda yaxshi mikroto'lqinli pechni tashlab yuborishadi, chunki mikroto'lqinli pech to'liq bo'sh bo'lsa ham, uchqunlar ichki o'ng devordan (yoki yuqori shiftdan) chiqa boshlaydi.

Mikroto'lqinli pechning bo'shlig'iga qarang: o'ng devorda, orqa devorda yoki shipda siz qattiq kulrang yoki to'q rangli kartonga o'xshab ko'rinadigan to'rtburchaklar yoki tasvirlar (taxminan 5 dan 10 santimetr / 2 dan 4 dyuym) kichik plastik yorliqlar yoki bitta vint bilan mahkamlangan kichik plastinkani ko'rasiz. Bu mika to'lqin yo'riqnomasi qopqog'i. Qopqoqning orqasida ichi bo'sh metall tunnel (to'lqin o'tkazgich) joylashgan bo'lib, u erda magnetron trubkasi mikroto'lqinli energiyani pishirish qutisiga uzatadi. Slyuda varaq mikroto'lqinlarning to'g'ridan-to'g'ri o'tishiga imkon beradi, shu bilan birga bug' saqlaydi va magnetron tunnelidan spagetti sousini sochadi.

Slyuda varaqdagi eski sochilgan yog 'yoki ovqat qayta-qayta pishirilsa, yog' qora o'tkazuvchan uglerodga aylanadi. Mikroto'lqinli pechni keyingi safar yoqqaningizda, yuqori chastotali energiya yoylari o'sha qora uglerod nuqtasi bo'ylab payvandlash mash'alasi kabi o'tadi va slyuda varaq orqali qora tuynukni yoqib yuboradi:

  1. Mikroto'lqinli pechning quvvat simini devordan uzing.

Mikroto'lqinli pechning tashqi metall korpusini hech qachon olib tashlamang

Uy egalari oddiy ovqat pishirish bo'shlig'idagi kichik slyuda to'lqin yo'riqnomasi qopqog'ini xavfsiz tozalashlari yoki almashtirishlari mumkin, ammo siz mikroto'lqinli pechning tashqi metall shkafi qobig'ini hech qachon burab yoki olib tashlamasligingiz kerak. Boshqaruv paneli orqasida elektr simi devordan uzilganidan keyin ham bir necha kun yoki hafta davomida halokatli 2 000 dan 5 000 voltli elektr zaryadini saqlaydigan katta yuqori voltli kondansatör joylashgan.

  1. Pishirish bo'shlig'ining ichidan kuygan to'rtburchaklar slyuda to'lqinli qopqog'ini chiqarib oling yoki burab qo'ying.
  2. Magnetron antenna uchini tekshirish uchun to'rtburchaklar teshikka chiroqni yoqing: Qopqoq orqasidagi qisqa metall tunnel ichiga qarang. Kichkina silindrsimon metall qopqoqni (kengligi taxminan 1,5 santimetr bo'lgan guruch yoki mis ko'pikka o'xshaydi) pastga yopishganini ko'rasiz: bu magnetron antenna qopqog'i.
  3. Agar metall tunnel toza bo'lsa va magnetron antenna qopqog'i buzilmagan bo'lsa (yoki shunchaki artib bo'ladigan mayda dog' bo'lsa), tunnelni nam latta va ishqalanish spirti bilan tozalang, eski slyuda qopqog'ini universal kesilgan almashtiriladigan mikroto'lqinli slyuda varag'iga suring (apparat yoki jihozlar do'konlarida mavjud), 5 do'kon do'konida kesilgan slyuda slyudalari10 va yangi slyuda qopqog'ini joyiga qo'ying. Mikroto'lqinli pechingiz bitta uchqunsiz yangidek ishlaydi.
  4. Metall magnetron antenna qopqog'ining o'zi uchida eritilgan teshikka ega bo'lsa yoki teshik atrofidagi metall bo'shliq qirralari yomon yonib ketgan bo'lsa, magnetron trubkasini mutaxassis almashtirishi yoki mikroto'lqinli pechni almashtirishi kerak.

Stsenariy 3: haddan tashqari qizib ketgan suv va portlovchi oziq-ovqat kuyishi

Mikroto'lqinli pech har yili yuz, shox parda va ko'krak qafasidagi kuyishlar bo'yicha tez yordam bo'limiga minglab murojaat qilishiga olib keladigan ikkita jiddiy jismoniy portlash xavfini keltirib chiqarishi mumkin: o'ta qizib ketgan suyuqliklar va bosimli membrana portlashlari.

1. Qizigan suv fizikasi (Nima uchun tinch suv yuzingizda portlaydi)

Gaz yoki elektr pechkadagi qozonda suv qaynaganingizda, pastki metall tovadan issiqlik kiradi. Idishning pastki qismidagi mikroskopik tirnalgan va qo'pol chuqurliklar mayda havo cho'ntaklarini (yadrolanish joylari) ushlab turadi, bu erda bug' pufakchalari osongina hosil bo'ladi va suv 100 daraja Selsiy (212 daraja Farengeyt) ga tushishi bilan qaynab turgan joyga ko'tariladi.

Mikroto'lqinli pechda toza, toza suvni silliq shisha, sopol krujka yoki Pyrex o'lchagich idishida isitsangiz, bir vaqtning o'zida ikkita xavfli narsa sodir bo'ladi: - Mikroto'lqinli pech suv molekulalarini pastdan yuqoriga emas, balki suyuqlikning butun yadrosi bo'ylab bir xilda isitadi va silliq sirlangan shisha yoki keramika ichki qismida nol qo'pol tirnalgan joylar yoki havo cho'ntaklari (yadro hosil bo'ladigan joy yo'q) bug' pufakchasi paydo bo'lishi mumkin. - Natijada, suyuq suvning harorati 100 gradusdan (212 daraja Farengeyt) 102 dan 106 darajagacha (Farengeyt bo'yicha 215 dan 223 darajagacha) ko'tarilganda, suyuq suv bir qabariqsiz butunlay tinch va sokin bo'lib qoladi: ** metastabil holat** deb ataladi.

Ushbu nozik taranglikni bir zumda sindirganingizdan so'ng (yoki kosani yuzingizga ko'targaningizda yirtib tashlashingiz yoki krujkaga qoshiq, choy paketi, bir chimdim shakar yoki eriydigan kofe kristallarini tushirishingiz bilan) siz to'satdan minglab mikroskopik havo pufakchalarini (yadrolanish joylari) qizdirilgan suvga kiritasiz. Bir millisekund ichida ortiqcha issiqlik energiyasi krujkaning pastki qismidagi katta bug 'pufakchasiga aylanadi va butun stakan qaynoq suvni to'p kabi to'g'ridan-to'g'ri yuzingizga, ko'zingizga va ko'kragingizga portlatib yuboradi.

Qanday qilib haddan tashqari qizib ketgan suyuqlik xavfini oldini olish va omon qolish mumkin

  • Agar siz mikroto'lqinli pechda bir stakan oddiy suvni haddan tashqari qizdirgan bo'lsangiz:
  • Eshikni ** ochmang va krujkani tutmang. Mikroto'lqinli pechning eshigini **2-3 to'liq daqiqaga yopib qo'ying, shunda o'tkazuvchan sovutish suvni 100 darajadan (212 daraja Farengeyt) xavfsiz olib keladi.
  • Krujkani ko'tarishdan oldin, yuzingizni burab, qo'lingizdan uzoq turing va hech narsa chiqmasligiga ishonch hosil qilish uchun krujkaning yon tomoniga uzun yog'och qoshiq bilan sekin uring.
  • Suvni har safar mikroto'lqinli pechda qizib ketishining oldini olish uchun:
  • Suvni haddan tashqari qizdirmang: Bir stakan suvni yuqori haroratda 60-90 soniyadan ko'p bo'lmagan vaqt davomida qizdiring, qaynash haroratiga yetguncha to'xtating.
  • Mikroto‘lqinli pechni yoqishdan oldin suv idishiga toza yog‘och pishiriq, yog‘och tayoq yoki metall bo‘lmagan yog‘och aralashtirish tayoqchasini qo‘ying: G‘ovakli yog‘och donasi millionlab tabiiy mikroskopik havo cho‘ntaklarini (yadro hosil bo‘lish joylarini) ta’minlaydi, bu esa suv o‘ta qizib ketish o‘rniga yumshoq va xavfsiz tarzda pufaklashga majbur qiladi. (Eslatma: Agar mikroto'lqinli pechingiz qo'llanmasida taqiqlangan bo'lsa yoki qoshiq bo'shliq devorlariga tegishi mumkin bo'lsa, stakanda metall qoshiq qo'ymang.)
  • Erituvchi kukunni (eriydigan qahva, shakar yoki bulyon) sovuq suvga mikroto'lqinli pechda qo'yishdan oldin aralashtiriladi, chunki erigan zarralar toza suvning qizib ketishining oldini olishga yordam beradi.

2. Nima uchun butun tuxum, kashtan va muhrlangan idishlar ularni olib chiqqandan keyin portlaydi

Hech qachon qobig'idagi butun tuxumni, tozalangan qattiq qaynatilgan tuxum yoki teshilmagan tuxum sarig'ini mikroto'lqinli pechda qo'ymang, hatto sovuq qattiq qaynatilgan tuxumni 15 soniya davomida qizdirish uchun ham.

  • Tuxum sarig'i ichida (hatto allaqachon qattiq qaynatilgan) suv o'tkazmaydigan membrana bilan o'ralgan zich, kauchuk oqsil matritsasi ichida kichik cho'ntaklar mavjud.
  • Mikroto'lqinli pechlar tuxum oqidan to'g'ridan-to'g'ri o'tib, sarig'ining markazidagi suvni 100 darajadan yuqori (212 daraja Farangeyt) isitadi, kauchuk sarig'i va qobig'i ichida qulflangan yuqori bosimli qizdirilgan bug' hosil qiladi.
  • Eng muhimi, mikroto'lqinli pechda tuxum ko'pincha ** portlamaydi**. Buning o'rniga, siz uni olib chiqib, likopchangizga qo'yguningizcha va ** sanchqi bilan teshib yoki tishingiz bilan tishlamaguningizcha kutadi**, bu vaqtda bosim ostida bo'lgan sarig'i petarda kuchi bilan portlab, ko'zning shox pardasida kuchli kuyishlar, yuz pufakchalari va og'iz bo'shlig'ida kuyishlarni keltirib chiqaradi.
  • Mikroto'lqinli pechda pishirishdan oldin HAR DOIMA teshib qo'yishingiz, kesishingiz yoki havosini chiqarishingiz kerak bo'lgan ovqatlar:
  • Tuxum: Xom tuxumni idishga soling va sarig‘ pardasini vilka yoki tish pichog‘i bilan bir necha marta teshib qo‘ying (yoki maydalang); Qayta isitiladigan qattiq qaynatilgan tuxumni 50% quvvatda yumshoq isitishdan oldin kichik choraklarga bo'ling.
  • Kartoshka, shirin kartoshka, qishki qovoq, baqlajon, pomidor, uzum, kashtan va olma: vilkalar bilan terini atrofiga 6-8 marta chuqur urib qo'ying, shunda ichki bug' zararsiz xirillashi mumkin.
  • Kolbasa, sosiska va tovuq jigari: tashqi qobig'ini uring yoki teshing.
  • Muhrlangan plastik idishlar, bolalar ovqatlari uchun bankalar va silikon qoplar: Hech qachon mahkam yopilgan plastik qopqoq yoki muhrlangan shisha idishni mikroto‘lqinli pechda ishlatmang; bug'ni chiqarish uchun har doim qopqoqning bir burchagini kamida 2 santimetr (1 dyuym) oching.

Kimyoviy moddalarsiz bug 'bilan tozalovchi pishirilgan mikroto'lqinli moy

Shiftingizga va slyuda toʻlqin yoʻriqnomasi qopqogʻiga sochilgan yogʻlar pishib, kelajakda yongʻin paydo boʻlishiga olib kelmasligi uchun 250 millilitr (1 stakan) suv va 2 osh qoshiq (30 millilitr) oq sirka (shuningdek qizib ketishining oldini olish uchun yogʻoch tish pichogʻi) bilan toʻldirilgan keng shisha idishni mikrotoʻlqinli pechga qoʻying. yog'lang va bo'shliqni nam mato bilan tozalang.

Tez-tez beriladigan savollar

Why must you keep the microwave door closed if something catches fire inside?

A closed microwave oven is a tightly sealed steel box containing very little oxygen. When food or packaging catches fire inside the closed cavity, the flames rapidly consume the small amount of available oxygen and suffocate themselves safely inside the metal box; however, if you open the door while the fire is burning or glowing hot, fresh oxygen from the kitchen rushes in and triggers an explosive backdraft fireball that shoots outward into your face and ignites overhead cabinets.

Is my microwave broken and ready for the trash if it sparked when I accidentally left foil inside?

Almost always no: a brief spark or flash caused by accidentally leaving a piece of aluminum foil, a metal twist-tie, or a fork inside the microwave does not ruin the appliance, provided you stop it immediately and remove the metal. Simply inspect the inside walls to verify there are no burned holes in the painted steel cavity or the small rectangular mica waveguide cover on the wall, place a cup of water inside, and run it for 30 seconds to confirm it heats normally.

Why is my empty microwave sparking from a little cardboard-looking rectangle on the inside wall?

That small rectangular grey or tan plate inside the cooking cavity is the mica waveguide cover, which shields the opening where the magnetron beams microwave energy into the oven. When splattered food grease builds up on that cover and bakes into black carbon, microwaves arc across the carbon spot like lightning and burn a hole in the cover; unplug the microwave, pop out the burned mica cover, wipe any grease out of the opening behind it, and snap in a new $8 replacement mica waveguide cover before using the oven again.

Can a microwave oven leak dangerous radiation after a small fire or if the door is slammed?

Microwave ovens use 2.45-GHz non-ionizing radiofrequency waves (the same frequency band as home Wi-Fi routers, though at much higher wattage) that cannot make food radioactive and stop the instant power goes off. Significant leakage only occurs if the door hinges are bent, the perforated metal mesh in the window is punctured, or the perimeter door choke seal is warped by heavy fire damage so the door no longer closes flush; if the door is warped, latches loosely, or shows black soot blowing past the rubber seal, retire and replace the unit.

Why did my cup of plain microwaved water explode when I dropped a teabag or spoon into it?

When clean water is heated in a smooth glass or ceramic mug without scratches, steam bubbles have no rough "nucleation sites" on which to form, allowing the calm water to become superheated several degrees above its normal 100-degree-Celsius (212-degree-Fahrenheit) boiling point. Dropping a teabag, spoon, or pinch of coffee into superheated water suddenly introduces thousands of microscopic air bubbles at once, triggering instantaneous flash-boiling that blasts the scalding water upward out of the mug; prevent this by placing a wooden stir stick in the water while heating or letting boiled water rest for 2 to 3 minutes before opening the door.

Why is it dangerous to try to open the outer metal cabinet of an unplugged microwave to repair it?

Unlike almost any other household kitchen appliance, a microwave oven contains a large high-voltage transformer and a high-voltage capacitor designed to step 120/240-volt wall power up to between 2,000 and 5,000 volts to drive the magnetron tube. That internal high-voltage capacitor can hold a lethal electrical charge for days or weeks after the power cord is unplugged from the wall; homeowners may safely clean or swap the interior mica waveguide cover or glass turntable inside the food cavity, but should never unscrew the outer metal cabinet housing.

Manbalar tekshirildi

  • Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari yong'in boshqarmasi (USFA / FEMA) va Milliy yong'indan himoya qilish assotsiatsiyasi (NFPA, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari): Uyda pishirish va mikroto'lqinli pechda yong'in xavfsizligi varaqlari (eshikni yopiq saqlash protokoli, elektr tarmog'idan uzish va yong'in statistikasi).
  • Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Oziq-ovqat va farmatsevtika idorasi (FDA, Qurilmalar va radiologik salomatlik markazi): Mikroto'lqinli pechda radiatsiya xavfsizligi, kamonning oldini olish va haddan tashqari qizib ketgan suv / portlovchi tuxum iste'molchi ogohlantirishlari.
  • Iste'molchi mahsuloti xavfsizligi komissiyasi (CPSC, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari): Maishiy texnika yong'in xavfi, yuqori voltli kondansatör elektr toki urishi haqida ogohlantirishlar va kuyishning oldini olish.
  • Health Canada (Kanada): Mikroto'lqinli pechlarning radiatsiyaviy xavfsizligi (eshik blokirovkasi xavfsizligi, qizib ketish fizikasi va xavfsiz konteyner tanlash).
  • London yong'in brigadasi va milliy yong'in boshliqlari kengashi (NFCC, Buyuk Britaniya): Mikroto'lqinli pechda yong'in xavfsizligi va oq buyumlarni elektr izolyatsiyasi bo'yicha yo'riqnoma.
  • Amerika kuyish assotsiatsiyasi (ABA, Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari) va Britaniya kuyish assotsiatsiyasi (BBA, Birlashgan Qirollik): O'ta qizib ketgan suyuqliklar va mikroto'lqinli tuxumlardan kuyish kuyishi va ko'zning termal shikastlanishlari uchun birinchi yordam klinik ko'rsatmalari.

Tegishli qo'llanmalar