NVMe walima SSD bɛ barika don kalan dɔrɔn cogo la walima a bɛ tunun BIOS kɔnɔ¶

A tɛ i n’a fɔ laadala disiki gɛlɛnw minnu bɛ lasɔminiw di minnu bɛ mɛn ka digi walima ka sɔgɔli kɛ sani u ka sa, bi NVMe M.2 walima SATA Solid-State Drive (SSD) bɛ dɛsɛ a makun pewu seginkanni tilayɔrɔba kɔnɔ. Waati dɔ la, i ka baarakɛyɔrɔ, ɔridinatɛri walima i ka baarakɛminɛn bɛ baara kɛ cogo bɛnnen na; o kɔfɛ, Windows bɛ a fili WHEA_UNCORRECTABLE_ERROR walima CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED Blue Screen, Linux bɛ i ka root partition (yɔrɔ-yɔrɔ-yɔrɔ) Lasegin i n'a fɔ Read-Only file system (EROFS), walima i ka ɔridinatɛri bɛ daminɛ kokura ka ɲɛsin UEFI/BIOS Setup menu lankolon ma min bɛ "No Bootable Device Found" jira walima k’i ka 2-terabyte SSD jira i n’a fɔ a 0 MB izini kuntigiya stub (SM2262, . PS5018-E18, . MN-5236, walima SATAFIRM S11).

Ni SSD barika banna ka don Hardware Read-Only Mode (Critical Warning: 0x08) walima a bɛ tunun ka bɔ karti ba BIOS kɔnɔ kuran jiginni walima funteni jiginni kɔfɛ, segin-ka-bɔnye kelen-kelen bɛɛ, CHKDSK cɛsiri, walima kuran daminɛ miniti jan bɛ se k’i ka finɛtiri tɔ tiɲɛ kudayi walasa k’i ka dosiyew kisi. Disiki min binna Hardware Read-Only Mode kɔnɔ, SSD ɲɛminɛbaga bɛ ka ɲɛnamaya-kurun dɔ di i ma min kɛra ni laɲini ye, min bɛ kɛ siɲɛ kelen, walasa k’i ka kunnafoniw kopi kɛ sanni a kɔnɔna Flash Translation Layer (FTL) walima charge-trap NAND selilɛriw ka fanga bɔ u la, ka dɛsɛ ka daminɛ tugun.

Nin gafe in bɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ni firimiwɛriw sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ senfɛ-senfɛ ka da NVM Express (NVMe) Base Specification kan (Sigida 5.14.1.2 SMART / Health Information Log Page 02h), INCITS T13 ATA/ATAPI ACS-4 sariyaw, GNU ddrescue / . nvme-cli forensic imaging protocols, ani saniyalen Flash Translation Layer (FTL) seginni sariyaw.

Aw bɛ o kɛ sisan¶

Ni i ka NVMe walima SATA SSD ye Read-Only cogo la dɔrɔn, ka I/O waati dantigɛliw fili, walima ni a tununna i ka BIOS kɔnɔ:

1. NI SSD BƐ KALANSENW DƆRƆN cogo la SISAN, ANI A BƐ KƐ I KA OS YE hali bi: AW KAN’ARƆRƆDITIKƐRƐ LADON WAALIMA A K’A DƆGƆ. Nin ye NVMe SSD kisicogo ka ɲɛnamaya walima saya sariya #1 ye. Ni NVMe kunnafonisɛbɛn dɔ y’a ka fɛnɲɛnɛmaw sigi sen kan Critical Warning bit ka 0x08 (Volatile/Non-Volatile Read-Only Lock bawo Available Spare blokiw bɛ gosi 0%), disiki ka Flash Translation Layer (FTL) karti tabali bɛ doni sisan SSD ka DRAM cache volatile kɔnɔ, o b’a to i bɛ se k’i ka dosiyew kalan sisan. Ni i ye PC daminɛ kokura walima k’a faga, SSD ka kan k’a ɲini k’a ka firimiwɛri/FTL tiɲɛnenw doni kokura ani k’u wuli ka bɔ NAND flash blokiw sɛgɛnnenw na POST waati la, wa kɛmɛsarada la 50 ni kɔ la, SSD bɛna briki kɛ pewu o daminɛ kokura la, wa a tɛna a yɛrɛ jira BIOS kɔnɔ tugun abada. Aw bɛ kɛnɛma USB disque dur dɔ don a kɔnɔ sisan yɛrɛ ka a sɔrɔ masin bɛ baara la ani ka aw ka foli minnu nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ, aw ka olu kopi kɛ (Documents, . Desktop, impositi/sariya dosiyew, fotow, . .ssh/keys) o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ. Ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw tiɲɛni kɛra sigarɛtimin walima kuran tasuma farati ye, aw bɛ kuran tigɛ ani ka aw ka sigida kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔ wele (911 Ameriki ni Kanada, 112 Erɔpu tɔnba bɛɛ kɔnɔ, 999 Angletɛri) walima ka a lajɛ kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw.
2. Aw kana Windows baara abada chkdsk /f, . diskpart clean, . fsck, walima macOS Disk Utility First Aid. Ni i ka SSD bɛ Hardware Read-Only Mode la, sɛbɛnni cikanw bɛ ban silicon controller nivo la (Media is write-protected), ani ni i ka SSD bɛ Operating System Read-Only Remount cogo dɔrɔn de la ka da NAND bloki juguw kan, i bɛ wajibiya chkdsk walima fsck ka sɛbɛnni kɛ ɲɛ dɛsɛlenw kan, o bɛna teliya ka SSD Controller Panic (Safe Mode / BSY Lock) lawuli min bɛ biriki di drive ma segin kɔnɔ.
3. Ni Windows banna ka daminɛ bawo NVMe drive dɔ datugulen don hardware Read-Only Mode kɔnɔ (bari Windows bɛ sɛbɛnni sɔrɔli wajibiya C:\ ka daminɛ), ka daminɛ ka bɔ Linux Live USB la o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ. Windows 10 ni Windows 11 tɛ se ka daminɛ ka ban ka bɔ OS drive la min bɛ ban sɛbɛnni cikanw na (u bɛ loop on INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE walima Dilancogo otomatiki). Aw kana to ka Windows daminɛ kokura. Aw bɛ masin daminɛ ka bɔ SystemRescue walima Ubuntu Live USB stick la, ka NTFS/BitLocker tilayɔrɔba wuli ni kernel jɛlen ye ro,norecovery (kalan dɔrɔn, zurunali seginni tɛ kɛ) darapow jira, ani k’i ka dosiyew kopi kɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan lafiya la.
4. Ni SSD tununna pewu UEFI/BIOS kɔnɔ (walima a bɛ jira 0 MB / . SATAFIRM S11 / . ROM Mode), ka ɔridinatɛri dabila ani ka funteni camanba lajɛ ni FTL disynchronisation ye. PCIe Gen 4 ani Gen 5 NVMe M.2 bolifɛnw teliyaba bɛ se ka controleur funteni gosi ka tɛmɛ 85 degrees Celsius (185 degrees Fahrenheit) kan ni thermal pad jalen don walima ni heatsink dɔ lajɔra, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka ASIC controller kɛ ka kɔrɔtɔko dɔ lajɔ Thermal Shutdown Latch a bɛ tunun yɔrɔ min na PCIe bisi kɔnɔ fo ka nɛnɛ fo ka se so funteni ma (degere 20 / degere 68).
5. OS (OS) bali TRIM / Discard o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ ni i bɛ SSD tiɲɛnen ja ta. Aw kana a to abada baarakɛminɛn dɔ ka kɔkanna bɔ TRIM (Dataset Management Deallocate) cikanw k’a sɔrɔ a bɛ SSD dɛsɛlen dɔ kisi.

flowchart TD
    A["NVMe M.2 walima SATA SSD Gɛlɛya Sɔrɔla"] --> B{"A taamasiɲɛ tigitigi ye mun ye sisan?"}
    B -->|"1. Drive bɛ ye, nka OS b’a fɔ ko ‘Disk is Write-Protected’ walima ‘Read-Only File System’."| C["KƆRƆBƆLI: I KAN’a daminɛ kokura ni kunnafoniw bɛ se ka sɔrɔ sisan; fɔlɔfɔlɔ filenw kopi kɛ kɛnɛma USB drive kɔnɔ o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ"]
    C --> D["NVMe SMART Log (`nvme smart-log /dev/nvme0` walima CrystalDiskInfo) sɛgɛsɛgɛ: `lasɔmini_kɔrɔlen` & `spare_sɔrɔ` lajɛ"]
    D --> E{"Yala NVMe `critical_warning` bitiki 0x08 sigilen don (Hardware Read-Only Lock) WA OS File System Remount?"}
    E -->|"Hardware Kalan-Dɔrɔn (`0x08` / `Available Spare: 0%`)"| F["Windows tɛna daminɛ ka bɔ RO disiki la: Linux Live USB daminɛ, ka wuli ni `-o ro,norecovery` ye, ka clone kɛ ni `ddrescue` ye"]
    E -->|"OS Soft Kalan-Dɔrɔn (`Dirty Bit` / Windows Daminɛ teliya / Block jugu)"| G["Clear Windows `attributes disk clear readonly` OR mount kalan dɔrɔn Linux ni ja kɔnɔ sanni NAND controleur ka siran"]
    B -->|"2. SSD barika banna ka bɔ UEFI BIOS (‘No Bootable Device’) la, a binna walima a fanga bɔnɛnen kɔfɛ"| H{"Yala SATA SSD don wa walima NVMe M.2 SSD?"}
    H -->|"NVMe M.2 SSD ye"| I["1. Aw bɛ a nɛnɛ miniti 20 kɔnɔ + fiɲɛbɔlan min bɛ tabali jira M.2 yɔrɔ la<br/>2. Aw bɛ sigi kokura karti ba filanan M.2 yɔrɔ la walima USB-ka-NVMe da la<br/>3. Aw bɛ 1-cycle Power-Only FTL Rebuild kɛ (PCIe lasegincogo tɛ) ."]
    H -->|"SATA 2,5-inch / M.2 SSD ye"| J["Aw ye a lajɛ ni BIOS bɛ izini tɔgɔ caman jira (`SATAFIRM S11`, `SM2258AB`, `2.1 MB`)"]
    J -->|"A bɛ Factory ROM Tɔgɔ walima 0 MB jira"| K["STOP: Kontrɔla Firmware / Bamanankan Bamanankan Briki. Aw bɛ ci bila laboratuwari la ni Ace Lab PC-3000 Portable III ye"]
    J -->|"A tɛ ye fanga bɔnɛni barikama kɔfɛ"| L["SATA FTL Rebuild Cycle min bɛ se ka kɛ miniti 30 kɔnɔ, o kɛ siɲɛ kelen; ni a tɛ ye hali bi, aw bɛ a ci PC-3000 laboratuwari la"]

Diagnostic Triage: NVMe SMART kɛnɛyasɛbɛn ɲɛ decoding 02h (Critical Warning bitikiw) .¶

Ni NVMe SSD bɛ baara kɛ, i man kan k’a jateminɛ ni gɛlɛya ye Windows sɛbɛnnikɛlan nɔgɔman ye walima ni NAND flash chip min bɛ ka sa. NVMe drive bɛɛ min jɔra, o bɛ NVMe SMART / Health Information Log Page (Log Identifier) sariyalen waleya 02h).

Linux kan (walima SystemRescue Live USB) kan, nin cikan kelen in kɛ min tɛ kɛ, min bɛ kalan dɔrɔn (a bɛ segin 0,01 ta ani ka zeru degun bila NAND selilɛriw kan):

sudo nvme smart-log /dev/nvme0

Aw ye bɔli sira fɔlɔ yɛrɛ lajɛ o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ, ** .critical_warning**, ani k’a suma ni NVM Express Specification bitmask tabali ofisiyali ye min bɛ duguma:

Track 1: Filenw bɛɛ kisi cogo min na ka bɔ SSD la min datugulen don Hardware Read-Only Mode kɔnɔ (0x08) .¶

Mun na i ka ɔridinatɛri barika banna ka don Windows 10, Windows 11 walima macOS kɔnɔ ni i ka NVMe drive bɛ Hardware Read-Only Mode (critical_warning: 0x08), ani mun na disiki bɛ i n’a fɔ a tɛ se ka wuli pewu hali n’i y’a don ɔridinatɛri wɛrɛ kɔnɔ i n’a fɔ disiki filanan?

"Dirty Journal Replay" Jaan (Mun na Windows ni Linux default bɛ ban ka SSD kalanni dɔrɔn wuli)¶

Ni SSD barika banna ka don Hardware Read-Only Mode kɔnɔ k’a sɔrɔ baarakɛminɛn bɛ baara la, baarakɛminɛn bɛ tiɲɛ sɛbɛnni cɛmancɛ la, ka dosiye sitɛmu ka Transaction Journal to ($LogFile Windows NTFS kan, o ye gafe ye min bɛ Linux kan ext4/ .XFS, walima minɛnw sɛgɛsɛgɛli yɔrɔ min bɛ Apple kan APFS) taamasiyɛn ye "Nɔgɔ" (Dɔgɔli nɔgɔlen).

1. Siɲɛ wɛrɛ n’i y’a ɲini ka Windows daminɛ walima ka SSD don Windows/Mac/Linux ɔridinatɛri wɛrɛ kɔnɔ ani ka drive taamasiyɛn digi siɲɛ fila, operasɔn sitɛmu bɛ... "Dirty Journal" flag ani a b'a ɲini a yɛrɛma ka "Replay the Journal" kɛ ni jagokɛbaliw sɛbɛnni ye ka segin disiki kan sanni a k'a to i k'i ka dosiyew ye.
2. Sabula SSD ɲɛminɛbaga bɛ datugu Hardware Read-Only Mode (0x08), SSD fɛnɲɛnamafagalan bɛ ban o journal-replay sɛbɛnni cikan na ni an I/O Write-Protect Error.
3. Operasɔn sitɛmu bɛ siran, ka mount (mount) jɔ pewu, k’a fɔ i ye ko drive tɛ se ka kalan, ko a tiɲɛna, walima ko a ma daminɛ, hali n’a y’a sɔrɔ i ka file kɛmɛsarada la 100 sigilen bɛ u cogo la flash chips kan.

Tɛmɛsira-tɛmɛsira: Ka SSD "Dirty" Hardware Read-Only sigi Linux kɔnɔ (ro,norecovery) .¶

Walasa ka baarakɛminɛnw ka journal-replay sɛbɛnni cɛsiri dɛsɛlen tɛmɛn ani ka dosiye bɛɛ kalan ka bɔ Hardware Read-Only SSD la, i ka daminɛ ka bɔ Linux Live USB la (i n’a fɔ SystemRescue walima Ubuntu Live) walima ka NVMe drive bila USB-C NVMe da la min sirilen bɛ Linux masin na, ani k’a fɔ file system driver ye ko a ka ignore the dirty journal ani mount strictly kalan dɔrɔn (norecovery / . noload):

1. NVMe walima SATA tilayɔrɔba tɔgɔ dɔn¶

lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,MODEL,RO /dev/nvme* /dev/sd*

2. Sugandili fɔlɔ (Lakanali): Jaa tilayɔrɔ raw kan ka kɛ backup drive kɛnɛman kan ni ddrescue¶

Sani hali ka dosiye sitɛmu wuli, n’i ye kɛnɛma-disikili kɛnɛman sɔrɔ ni yɔrɔ gansan bɛrɛ ye min bɛ wuli /mnt/backup, clone tilali raw bloki-ni-blok (kabini ddrescue a bɛ bloki raw kalan ka tugu ɲɔgɔn na k’a sɔrɔ a ma hami dosiye sitɛmu journal nɔgɔlenw na):

# Pass 1: Fast sequential clone of the read-only NVMe partition to an image file on your backup drive:
sudo ddrescue -f -n -b 4096 /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/backup/ssd_rescue.img /mnt/backup/ssd_rescue.map

# Pass 2: Retry any slow or degraded NAND blocks without kernel read-ahead cache:
sudo ddrescue -d -f -r 2 -b 4096 /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/backup/ssd_rescue.img /mnt/backup/ssd_rescue.map

3. Sugandili filanan (Direct File Extraction): Aw bɛ Hardware Read-Only SSD sigi sen kan ni aw ye norecovery¶

Ni i tɛ ni disiki ye min ka bon kosɛbɛ disiki ja dafalen kama ani ni i mago bɛ foli kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kopi la k’a ɲɛsin SSD datugulen ma sisan yɛrɛ, i ka mount point (sudo mkdir -p /mnt/ro_ssd) ani ka baara kɛ ni kalan dɔrɔn cikan tigitigi ye min tɛ journal-replay ye i ka dosiyew sigicogo la :

• Ka ɲɛsin Windows NTFS Tilacogo ma (Normal, Unencrypted):

  # Using the modern Linux kernel 'ntfs3' driver or 'ntfs-3g' with 'ro,norecover':
  sudo mount -t ntfs3 -o ro,norecover /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/ro_ssd
  # OR if using ntfs-3g:
  sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o ro,norecover /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/ro_ssd
  

• Ka ɲɛsin Windows BitLocker-Encrypted NTFS Partition ma:

  # Unlock BitLocker in strict Read-Only mode using your 48-digit Recovery Key (via 'dislocker' or 'cryptsetup'):
  sudo mkdir -p /mnt/bitlocker_raw /mnt/ro_ssd
  sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/nvme0n1p3 -p123456-123456-123456-123456-123456-123456-123456-123456 -- /mnt/bitlocker_raw
  sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o loop,ro,norecover /mnt/bitlocker_raw/dislocker-file /mnt/ro_ssd
  

  (Aw ye an ka gafe lajɛ min bɛ... BitLocker, FileVault, ani LUKS sirili seginni ni aw mago bɛ dɛmɛ na walasa ka aw ka BitLocker kilisi 48 sɔrɔ).
• Linux dɔ kama ext4 walima XFS walima Btrfs Tilali:

  # ext4 (uses 'noload' to skip journal replay on read-only hardware):
  sudo mount -t ext4 -o ro,noload /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/ro_ssd
  
  # XFS (uses 'ro,norecovery' to skip dirty log replay):
  sudo mount -t xfs -o ro,norecovery /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/ro_ssd
  
  # Btrfs (uses 'ro,norecovery,rescue=all' to mount degraded/dirty B-trees without writing):
  sudo mount -t btrfs -o ro,norecovery,rescue=all /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/ro_ssd
  

Ni SSD TƐ Hardware kɔnɔ do 0x08 Lock, ani Windows dɔrɔn de y'a taamasiyɛn ko "Read-Only"?¶

Ni nvme smart-log / . CrystalDiskInfo b’a jira critical_warning: 0x00 ani Available Spare: 100%, i ka SSD minɛnw ka kɛnɛ ani Windows bɛ Software Volume/Disk Read-Only Flag sigi dɔrɔn (a ka c’a la, fanga jiginni walima dual-boot crash kɔfɛ). Porozɛw ka darapo saniya Windows Administrator Command Prompt kɔnɔ:

diskpart
DISKPART> list disk
DISKPART> select disk <X>
DISKPART> attributes disk clear readonly
DISKPART> select volume <Y>
DISKPART> attributes volume clear readonly
DISKPART> exit

Track 2: Min ka kan ka kɛ ni NVMe walima SATA SSD tununna UEFI / BIOS kɔnɔ¶

Ni i ka ɔridinatɛri jɔra, ani tuma min na i ye a daminɛ kokura ka don karti ba kɔnɔ UEFI/BIOS Setup (F2 walima Del), M.2 slot walima SATA port b'a fɔ ko "Empty / Not Present", walima a bɛ bizarre generic controller code jira i ka drive ka brand tɔgɔ nɔ na?

1nan : Aw ye "Factory ROM Mode / Safe Mode" kunnafonisɛbɛn bolonɔbila lajɛ¶

Aw ye sɛrɛ tigitigi lajɛ kosɛbɛ min jiralen bɛ aw ka BIOS Storage lisi kɔnɔ, Windows Device Manager kɔnɔ, walima Linux kɔnɔ lspci / . lsusb / . dmesg bɔli. Ni SSD ka mikrokontrɔla tɛ se k’a ka Flash Translation Layer (FTL) firimiwɛri doni ka bɔ NAND puwɛntiw la kuran daminɛ waati (k’a sababu kɛ NAND blokiw tiɲɛnenw ye firimiwɛri yɔrɔ la), kunnafonisɛbɛn bɛ segin ka bin a kɔnɔna siliyɔmu kɔnɔ Factory Mask ROM / Bootloader Mode ani k’a ka puce dilabaga kode tɔgɔ raw ani seko fitinin nkalonma dɔ fɔ:

2nan : Hardware lakananen 4 bɛ kisi ni NVMe M.2 drive dɔ tɛ ye pewu (Not Present) .¶

Ni i ka NVMe drive ma jira fewu BIOS kɔnɔ, i ka nin farikolo sɛgɛsɛgɛli naani kɛ minnu tɛ tiɲɛni kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni u cogo tigitigi ye:

1. Kɔrɔbɔli 1: Thermal Latch Reset ani Active Cooling (Minute 20 nɛnɛ):
2. Aw bɛ PC ka AC kuran juru bɔ kogo la (walima aw bɛ ɔridinatɛri da tugu pewu) ani ka masin to a ka sigi pewu kuran tɛ min na miniti 20 walasa NVMe kunnafonisɛbɛn ASIC ka nɛnɛ fo ka se degere 20 ma (degere 68 Fahrenheit).
3. PC kɛrɛfɛla da wuli, ka du kɔnɔ fiɲɛbɔlan teliyaba dɔ jira ka ɲɛsin M.2 NVMe bere ma, ka kuran daminɛ ka ɲɛsin Linux Live USB ma. Ni PMIC (Power Management IC) walima funteni-kɔlɔsilikɛla min ma ɲɛ, o tun bɛ ka funteni dabila ni 85 degere Celsius (185 degere Fahrenheit) ye a daminɛ waati la, ka fiɲɛ nɛnɛ fiyɛ ka tɛmɛ M.2 karti gansan kan tuma caman na, o bɛ to ka kunnafoni-di-minɛn ɲɛnama ka mɛn fo ka se ddrescue aw ka dosiye kɔrɔlenw.
4. Kɔrɔbɔli 2nan: Aw bɛ NVMe M.2 Stick bila USB-C 10Gbps NVMe Enclosure kɔnɔ (RTL9210 / . JMS583 Pont Bypass): Bamako, Mali.
5. Mun na NVMe drive min bɛ i ka karti ba BIOS dulon logo screen la, o bɛ to ka wuli ka kalan $20 kɛnɛma USB-C NVMe adapter enclosure kɔnɔ?
6. Ni NVMe drive dɔ donna ka ɲɛsin karti ba PCIe M.2 yɔrɔ ma, karti ba UEFI BIOS bɛ PCIe Link Training ani NVMe Admin Queue waati dafalen gɛlɛn dɔ wajibiya (a ka c’a la, segin 1 fo 3 dɔrɔn POST waati la). Ni SSD tiɲɛnen ye segin 6 ta ka bloki tabali tiɲɛnen dɔ jɔ kokura kuran daminɛ na, karti ba BIOS bɛ PCIe yɔrɔ fɔ ko a sara ani ka drive fili pewu.
7. NVMe bere bilali kɛnɛma USB-C dakun kɔnɔ (min bɛ baara kɛ ni Realtek ye RTL9210 walima JMicron ye JMS583 USB-to-NVMe bridge chip) bɛ drive in faranfasi ka bɔ motherboard POST la, ka 3.3V fanga saniyalen di fɔlɔ, wa a b’a to i ka USB kabɔri don Linux ɔridinatɛri baarakɛlen dɔ kɔnɔ o kɔfɛ SSD ye segin 30 sɔrɔ k’a ka firimiwɛri daminɛ.
8. (Critical Hardware Check: Ni aw bɛ M.2 bere bɔ, aw bɛ sanu nɛgɛdaga pinɛw sɛgɛsɛgɛ ni lanpan ye ani ka oksidan fɛn o fɛn saniya nɔgɔya la ni 99% isopropyl alcohol ye, ani ka seramiki beige surface-mount condensateur misɛnninw sɛgɛsɛgɛ M.2 sanu kafolan pinɛw kɛrɛfɛ ni jeninida taamasiɲɛ dibiman walima solder karilen tɛ).
9. Kɔrɔbɔli 3nan: Karta ba VMD / Intel RST RAID cogoya ani PCIe ASPM Kuranko lakanani bali:
10. Ni BIOS y’a ka CMOS batiri (walima k’a ka firimiwɛri kura) lasegin a cogo kɔrɔ la sanni i ka NVMe drive "ka tunun", i ka BIOS Setup don ani ka sigida fila lajɛ:
    • Intel VMD (Volume Management Device) / SATA Mode (RAID vs AHCI): Ni karti ba dɔ bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɛgɛsɛgɛ RAID / Intel VMD ON ani AHCI / NVMe Direct, baarakɛminɛn (walima BIOS daminɛ lisi) bɛna dɛsɛ o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ ka disiki ye fo ka segin a cogo kɔrɔ la.
    • PCIe ASPM (Active State Power Management): Ɔridinatɛri ni tabali caman kan, NVMe kunnafonisɛbɛn min bɛ dɛsɛ, o bɛ tiɲɛ tuma o tuma ni karti ba b’a ɲini ka disiki fili sunɔgɔ juguman cogoya la PS3 / PS4 (APST). BIOS Setup kɔnɔ, i bɛ PCIe ASPM = Disabled sigi, ani ni i bɛ Linux daminɛ walasa ka NVMe drive flaky dɔ kisi, i bɛ nin kernel boot parameter in fara GRUB menu kan (a digi e at boot) walasa ka Linux bali ka NVMe controleur bila abada ka sunɔgɔ walima ka waati ban joona:

      nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0 nvme_core.io_timeout=300 pcie_aspm=off
      

11. Kɔrɔbɔli 4nan: FTL Rebuild Cycle "Power-Only" min bɛ kɔrɔsi (Ka ɲɛsin kuran tiɲɛni barikamaw tununi dɔrɔn ma):
12. Ni SATA SSD walima NVMe SSD kɔrɔlen dɔ tununna o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ dibi barikama walima kuran fagalen gɛlɛn kɔfɛ (wa farikolo jeni taamasiɲɛ zeru bɛ a la), a kɔnɔna Flash Translation Layer journal bɛ se ka siri k’a ɲini ka kɔkanna seginni kɛ min bɛ tigɛ segin 3 o segin 3 ni i ka karti ba ye bus reset taamasiyɛn ci.
13. Sɛbɛnni min bɛ se ka kɛ ka Power-Only Cycle kelen lakananen boli:
    • Ni SATA SSD ye santimɛtɛrɛ 2,5 ye: Aw bɛ SATA Data Cable 7-pin fitinin bɔ pewu, ka **SATA Power Cable 15-pin janyalen DƆRƆN to a la.
    • M.2 NVMe SSD kama: Aw bɛ M.2 SSD don kɛnɛma USB-C NVMe da la, ka USB kabɔri don 5V USB Wall Phone Charger kɔnɔ (min bɛ 5V/3.3V fanga saniyalen di k’a sɔrɔ ɔridinatɛri USB data host si ma cikanw ci minnu bɛ se ka segin u cogo kɔrɔ la).
    • Aw bɛ SSD to a ka baara la nin fanga dɔrɔn cogoya la min tɛ tiɲɛ fo miniti 20 fo 30 (aw bɛ fiɲɛbɔlan to a ka fiyɛ a kan walasa a ka to nɛnɛ na), o kɔ aw bɛ kuran bɔ a la fo segin 60, ka kunnafoniw siri kokura, ka a lajɛ siɲɛ kelen Linux kɔnɔ (lsblk / . nvme list).
    • Hard Stop Rule: Ni drive ma bɔ tuguni miniti 20 cycle kelen kɔfɛ, STOP YENI ani ka a bɔ a la. Ni i ye bi TLC/QLC SSD to ni NAND bloki juguw ye minnu bɛ baara kɛ lɛrɛ caman kɔnɔ, o bɛ kɔkanna Garbage Collection daminɛ min bɛ se ka ɲɛw tiɲɛ minnu bɛ se ka segin u ma.

Cleanroom SSD recovery: Laboratoire professionnel bɛ se ka min kɛ ni DIY jɔra¶

Ni i ka SSD b’a jira 0 MB, . SATAFIRM S11, . SM2258AB, . PS5018, walima a bɛ to ka sa pewu a jiginni kɔfɛ USB-C kɛnɛma da la, porogaramu si tɛ se ka telesarse Dugukolo kan min tɛ se ka drive ye. Nin waati in na, i ka kan ka kunnafonidilan kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ sugandi min bɛ hardware firmware loaders ta tiɲɛ na (kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la Ace Lab PC-3000 Portable III / PC-3000 SSD System):

1. Circuit-Level Shorted Capacitor / PMIC Repair: SSD salen pewu kɛmɛsarada la 20 ɲɔgɔn bɛ tɔɔrɔ ni seramiki filɛri kondansɛri surunyalen ye min bɛ santimɛtɛrɛ 50 bɔ (VCC3V3 walima VCCQ power rail) walima eFuse/PMIC puce fiyɛlen M.2 kafolan kɛrɛfɛ. Fɛɛrɛtigi dɔ min bɛ mikroskɔpu stɛriyɔmu kɔnɔ, o bɛ kondensatɛri surunyalen sɔrɔ ni kamera funteniman ye, k’a bila a nɔ na miniti 15 kɔnɔ, ka bolifɛn kɛmɛsarada la 100 segin a cogo kɔrɔ la, k’a sɔrɔ a ma maga NAND puwɛntiw la.
2. Techno-Mode Bootloader Injection (PC-3000): Ni ROM Mode / Boot Jumper pads mikroskɔpiki fila surunyara SSD PCB kan fanga daminɛ waati la, laboratuwari bɛ Phison, Silicon Motion, walima Marvell controller wajibiya ka sɔn izini microcode loader kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ ma min bɛ patché ka don SRAM kɔnɔ, ka kɔkanna nɔgɔw lajɛli bali ani ka Flash Translation Layer tiɲɛnen jɔ kokura (FTL) bɛ baarakɛyɔrɔ ka RAM kɔnɔ walasa baarakɛlaw ka seko bɛɛ ka se ka ja bɔ ka saniya.

Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na¶

Sosow sɛgɛsɛgɛra¶

• NVM Express Consortium: NVM Express Base Specification Rev. 2.0 (Sigida 5.14.1.2: SMART / Kɛnɛya kunnafonisɛbɛn ɲɛ 02h, Ladilikan kɔrɔlenw Bitmask ɲɛfɔliw 0x01 ka tɛmɛn 0x10, ani Asynchrone Event Request Kalan-Dɔrɔn Tɛmɛsira sariyaw).
• Linux Kernel Sɛbɛnni (kernel.org): NVMe Sofɛrɛ Paramɛtiriw (nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0, . nvme_core.io_timeout), NTFS3 / EXT4 / XFS / Btrfs Kalan-Dɔrɔn No-Journal-Recovery (ro,norecovery / . ro,noload) Mount Sɛgɛsɛgɛliw.
• GNU Porozɛ / Porozɛ Hɔrɔnyalenw Jɛkulu: GNU ddrescue Gafe: Ja minnu tɛ tiɲɛni kɛ ni bloki ye, olu minnu bɛ kɛ ni kunnafonidilanw ye minnu tiɲɛna.
• Jamana ka sariyaw ni seko ni dɔnko baarada (NIST, Ameriki): NIST ka gafe kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen 800-88 Rev. 1 & Digital Forensics Guidelines on Solid-State Drive Flash Translation Layer (FTL) Behavior.
• NVMe Baarakɛminɛn dafalen (linux-nvme/nvme-cli): Ofisiyali nvme-cli Telemetriki ni kɛnɛyako sɛbɛnw sɛgɛsɛgɛli sariyaw.

Gafe minnu bɛ tali kɛ o ko la¶

• Disiki gɛlɛnw tiɲɛni ani kunnafoniw sɔrɔli kɔrɔtɔlen
• Filen bɔli kasaara la, disiki formaté, ani fotow lasegincogo
• BitLocker, FileVault, ani LUKS sirili seginni kilisi dabɔli
• NAS ni RAID sɛrɛkili tiɲɛna, drive caman dɛsɛra, ani ZFS/Btrfs seginni
• Ɔridinatɛri kɔkannakow: 3-2-1 fɛɛrɛ ani balawu lasegincogo
• Duniya kɔnɔ kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw