Gofɛrɛnaman, Asphalt ani plastiki wulilenw jeni (Bitumen bɔli protocole) .¶

Jenini minnu bɛ sɔrɔ so sanfɛla gofɛrɛnaman fɛ, siraba sɔgɔlen asfalt (bitumen), kɔɔri-gofɛrɛnaman pitch, izini nɔrɔlanw fɛ minnu bɛ wuli ni funteni ye, fini dilannenw wulilenw (nilon, poliyester, polypropylène), bololabaarakɛlaw ka kola marifaw minnu bɛ funteni caman bɔ, ani sukaro walima sizo tobilen, olu bɛ kɛ cogo wɛrɛ la pewu ni tasuma gansanw ye walima jisuma na. Ni paving asphalt bɛ bɔ distributeur kamiyɔn kɔnɔ ka taa \(140^\circ\text{C}\text{ ka se }205^\circ\text{C}\) ma (\(285^\circ\text{F}\text{ ka se }400^\circ\text{F}\)) ma, walima ni so sanfɛlan kamiyɔn bitumen sumana ka se \(230^\circ\text{C}\text{ ka se }260^\circ\text{C}\) ma (\(450^\circ\text{F}\text{ ka se }500^\circ\text{F}\)) ma, hidrɔkarbon jilama min ka bon, min ka gɛlɛn, o tɛ sɔgɔ fari la i n’a fɔ ji tobilen. O nɔ na, ​​a b’a yɛrɛ nɔrɔ kunsigiw ni ɲɛdawolo la i n’a fɔ finimugu min bɛ funteni minɛ, min bɛ funteni minɛ, ka taa a fɛ ka farikolo jukɔrɔla tulu, farikolo jukɔrɔla tulu, ani nizɛri sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ tobi miniti damadɔ kɔnɔ a magara a la.

Hali farati min ka bon ka tɛmɛ funteni fɔlɔ kan, o ye min bɛ kɛ yɔrɔ la, mɔgɔ minnu bɛ siran, olu bɛ min kɛ segin 60 fɔlɔ kɔnɔ: k’a ɲini u yɛrɛ la ka gofɛrɛnaman nɛrɛma gɛlɛn walima plastiki wulilen bɔ fari la, k’a sɔgɔ, k’a sɔgɔ, walima k’a tigɛ. Ikomi gundo nɛnɛnen ni polimɛri wulilen bɛ fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni masin ye ka don ɲɛgɛnɛsira kurulenw ni kunsigiw la, ka gundolafɛn gɛlɛn walima nilon wulilen sama ka bɔ fari jalen na o bɛ ɲɛgɛnɛsira ɲɛnama ni farikolo yɔrɔ ɲɛnama bɛɛ tigɛ ka bɔ sogo la yɛrɛ, ka jeninida min bɛ se ka kɛnɛya, a janya yɔrɔ dɔ bɛ se ka wuli ka kɛ joginda ye min bɛ se ka fari faga, min ka kan ka kɛ ni opereli ye. Nin gafe in bɛ kɔrɔtɔko fɛɛrɛ ofisiyali di, min bɛ kɛ ni fasa fila ye (Fase 1: Immediate 20-Minute Cool Water Heat Extraction, o kɔfɛ Fase 2: Non-Toxic lipophilic Emollient Dissolution ni Sunflower Oil, Baby Oil, Butter, Mayonnaise, walima Polymyxin-Bacitracin Ointment) bɛ bɛn Ameriki Burn Association (ABA), Angilɛw ka jeninida tɔnba (BBA), jamana ka baarakɛlaw ka lakana ni kɛnɛyako baarada (NIOSH), ani diɲɛ kɛnɛyatɔnba (OMS).

Aw bɛ o kɛ sisan¶

Ni aw walima mɔgɔ dɔ min bɛ aw kɛrɛfɛ, ni so sanfɛlan gundo funteniman, sirabakan-minɛn (bitumen), plastiki wulilen, kola funteniman, fini dilannenw wulilen, walima sizo funteni ye aw sɔgɔ walima ka u jeni:

1. Aw bɛ gofɛrɛnaman walima plastiki nɔrɔlen su ji la joona ni ji nɛnɛman ye miniti 15 fo miniti 20 dafalen kɔnɔ:
2. Aw kana miniti 2 fɔlɔw tiɲɛ tulu ɲinini na walima k’a ɲini ka gundolaji ko. Aw bɛ bolo, bolokɔni, sen, walima ɲɛda jenilen bila o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ la, aw bɛ o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ la, pɔnpe ji nɛnɛman min bɛ boli, walima nakɔ jibɔlan barikama dɔ jukɔrɔ (\(15^\circ\text{C}\text{ ka se }20^\circ\text{C} / 59^\circ\text{F}\text{ to }68^\circ\text{F}\)) ka miniti 15 fo 20 tɛmɛnenw.
3. Ji nɛnɛman bɛ \(200^\circ\text{C}+\) funteni funteni minɛlen bɔ joona ka bɔ gundolafɛnw fɛ, ka bitumini jilama gɛlɛya walasa a ka jɛnsɛnni dabila, ka farikolo tobili jugumanba jɔ segin damadɔ kɔnɔ. (Aw kana jisuma walima jisuma kɛ abada, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka joli siraw sɔgɔsɔgɔ kosɛbɛ ani ka farikolo yɔrɔw sɔgɔsɔgɔ juguya).
4. AW KAN’a bɔ fari la abada, ka a tigɛ, ka a sɔgɔ, walima ka a sama ka bɔ fari la:
5. Ni ji ye a nɛnɛ, aw bɛ gundolafɛn nɛrɛma gɛlɛnw, kola funteni, walima nilon fini wulilenw to a ma tiɲɛ pewu fari la.
6. Ni finiw su jisuma na walima ni u wulila joginda la, aw kana fini sama ka bɔ: aw bɛ a yɔrɔ bɛɛ nɛnɛ fini fɛ ni ji ye, o kɔ aw bɛ joginda tigɛlanw kɛ ka fini lafiyalen dɔrɔn tigɛ, min ma nɔrɔ a da lamini na.
7. Aw bɛ "Tourniquet lamini jaan" bali bolokɔniw, bolokɔniw ani kɔ la:
8. Ni gundo funteni bɛ nɛnɛ ka kɛ fɛn nɛrɛmuguma gɛlɛn ye min ka gɛlɛn i n’a fɔ farakurun min bɛ bolokɔni, bolokɔni walima bolokɔni lamini, a jukɔrɔla yɔrɔ jenilen bɛ daminɛ ka funu joona. Ni gundo gɛlɛn bololanɛgɛ gɛlɛn dɔ ye bolokɔni walima bolokɔni lamini pewu, a bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ turniquet min bɛ joli siraw tigɛ.
9. Aw bɛ nɛgɛberew ni watɛsi bɛɛ bɔ joona ka aw to ka u ko ni ji ye, ni gofɛrɛnaman gɛlɛn ye degere 360 ​​kɛ ka a lamini, aw bɛ tulu nɔgɔlen nɔgɔyali daminɛ a janya la o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ ka taa ni a ye joona dɔgɔtɔrɔso jeninida yɔrɔ la.
10. Ni aw b’a fɛ ka Gundo walima Asphalt sɔrɔ ɲɛw la walima ka da/nugu datugu, aw bɛ telefɔni 911 / 112 / 999 wele joona:
11. Fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ: Ni gundo funteniman dɔ bɔra ɲɛda la, aw bɛ a nɛnɛ ni ji ye ka a sɔrɔ aw bɛ nuguw ni da dawolo dɔrɔn saniya walasa a tigi ka se ka ninakili.
12. Ɲɛw: Aw bɛ ɲɛ minnu kɛ ni gundo ye, aw bɛ olu ko dɔɔni dɔɔni ni ji nɛnɛman ye walima ni kɔgɔji sterili ye miniti 15 fo miniti 20 walasa ka funteni bɔ. AW kana a ɲini abada ka gundo gɛlɛnw bɔ ɲɛkisɛw la walima ɲɛkisɛw la; aw bɛ ɲɛw datugu ni gazi sterili ye min tulu bɛ kɛ ni ɲɛdimi tulu ye min tɛ se ka furakɛ, ka sɔrɔ ka taa ni a ye ɲɛdɔnbaga kɔrɔtɔlen dɔ fɛ.
13. Aw bɛ Gundo walima Asphalt wuli dimi tɛ aw la ni tulumafɛnw dɔrɔn ye minnu tɛ mɔgɔ tɔɔrɔ walima ni banakisɛfagalanw ye ("Like Dissolves Like"):
14. Ni aw y’a nɛnɛ miniti 20 kɔnɔ ni ji ye (ani jeninida misɛnniw dɔrɔn na, walima ni aw bɛ kɛnɛyaso la ni jeninida belebelebaw ye), aw bɛ gofɛrɛnaman/bitumini min bɛ kɛ ni petoroli ye, aw bɛ o labɔ ni aw ye a da ni Sunflower Oil, Mineral Oil (Baby Oil), White Petrolatum (Vaseline), Neosporin / Polysporin (Polymyxin-Bacitracin) ye Tumu min bɛ kɛ petoroli basigilen na), Olive Oil, Mayonnaise, walima Butɛri kɔgɔbali, k’a to a ka siri fo miniti miniti 30 fo miniti 60 fo ka se gofɛrɛnaman nɛrɛma ka kɛ ji nɔgɔlen ye min bɛ ko ni gaze ɲiginnen ye k’a sɔrɔ a ma cɛsiri.
15. Aw kana baara kɛ abada ni Gazoli, Kerozɛni, Dizili, Turpentine, Acetone, Paint Thiner, walima WD-40 ye fari jenilen kan:
16. Tuma caman na, siraba dilanni ni so sanfɛla baarakɛlaw bɛ dizili, kerozɛni, walima situlu/industrial degreasers bila kamiyɔnw kan walasa ka baarakɛminɛnw saniya. Aw kana izini furajiw walima tulu bɔn hadamaden fari la abada: u bɛ jeninida jugumanba bila kemikɛli la funteni jeninida sanfɛ, u bɛ a minɛ ka ɲɛ farikolojidɛsɛbanakisɛw fɛ walasa ka baga bila farikolojidɛsɛ la (sugunɛ, sugunɛ, ani kolotugudaw baga), wa u bɛ se ka tasuma don tasuma na.

Kɔrɔtɔko adherent burn triage ani bitumen bɔli flowchart¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Aw bɛ a sɔgɔ walima ka maga a la ka a jeni ni gofɛrɛnaman ye, ni Asphalt Paving (Bitumen),<br/>Coal-Tar Pitch, Plastiki/Nylon min wulilen don, ni kola funteni ye, walima ni cire funteni ye"] --> Phase1["ƝƐNABƆLI FƆLƆ : FƆGƆ TƆGƆ (SECOND 60 FƆLƆ)<br/>Aw bɛ gofɛrɛnaman/plasitiki & a lamini fari laji ni ji nɛnɛman ye (15-20°C)<br/>ka to ka taa a fɛ miniti 15 fo miniti 20 FULL fo gundola ka gɛlɛya ani ka nɛnɛ"]

    Phase1 --> NoPeel["SARIYA KƆRƆBƆLI : AW KAN’a bɔ fari la, ka u tigɛ, ka u sɔgɔ, walima ka u sama<br/>ka bɔ fari la<br/>fini minnu ma nɔrɔ ɲɔgɔn na, olu lajɔlenw dɔrɔn ka bololanɛgɛw & watɛsiw bɔ"]

    NoPeel --> TriageCheck{"Aw ye Jeninida juguya & Yɔrɔ lajɛ:<br/>1. Ɲɛda, Ɲɛ, fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔ, Bolo, Sen, cɛya, walima Joliba?<br/>2. Lamini 360 degere gundolalen bɛ bolokɔni/bolokɔni lamini na wa?<br/>3. Jenini hakɛ > 5% TBSA (walima Coal-Tar Pitch jirali)?"}

    TriageCheck -->|Yes to Any High-Risk Feature| HospitalBurn["AW BƐƐ 911 / 112 / 999 & TRANSPORT TO BURN CENTER<br/>• Ni Gundo lamininen don: Aw bɛ gundo tila/a nɔgɔya ka janya ni<br/>petrolatum/Polymyxin-Bacitracin tulu ye min tɛ sterili ye walasa ka ischemia numérique bali<br/>• Ni ɲɛkisɛw bɔli la: Aw bɛ a ko miniti 15 ni saline ye, aw bɛ ɲɛdafura kɛ a la tulumugu"]

    TriageCheck -->|No: Localized Adherent Tar or Wax Burn| MaterialSplit{"Fɛn min bɛ nɔrɔ fari la, o jumɛn bɛ nɔrɔ fari la?"}

    MaterialSplit -->|Petroleum Bitumen: Road Asphalt, Roofing Tar,<br/>or Asphalt Sealant| OilDissolve["FASE 2 : LIPOPHILIC EMOLLIENT DISSOLUTION (‘I n’a fɔ a bɛ wuli i n’a fɔ’)<br/>1. Aw bɛ Sunflower tulu, Den tulu (Minerali tulu),<br/>Polysporin/Neosporin Ointment, Vaseline, Butter, walima Mayonnaise<br/>2 kɛ a la. Aw bɛ a datugu ni gaze ye miniti 30-60 kɔnɔ (walima ka su kɛ ni gundomugumugu ye)<br/>3. Aw bɛ bitumini nɛrɛma jilama ko nɔgɔya la; aw bɛ segin ka a kɛ fo ka a saniya 100%<br/>(AW kana gazi, dizili, kerozɛni, asetɔni, walima WD-40 kɛ abada) ."]

    MaterialSplit -->|Coal-Tar Pitch (Industrial Coke/Roofing Pitch)| CoalPitch["COAL-TAR PITCH PHOTOTOXICITY PROTOCOL<br/>A bɛ a wuli ni tulu minɛn sterili ye / petrolatum tulu ANI<br/>aw bɛ fari tanga kosɛbɛ tile yeelen UV ma (a bɛ sɔrɔ polycyclique aromatic<br/>hydrocarbones kɔnɔ minnu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka UV fototoxic jenini jugumanw bila mɔgɔ la)"]

    MaterialSplit -->|Melted Plastic, Nylon/Polyester Fabric,<br/>Hot-Melt Glue Gun, or Candle Wax| PolymerRule["POLYMER SOLIDIFIED / WAX PROTOCOL<br/>• Candle Wax: Aw bɛ a nɔgɔya ni den tulu/oliviyetulu ye ka a wuli nɔgɔya la<br/>• Plastiki wulilen / Koli funteni / Nilon: Tulu biologikiw KAN’a kɛ plastiki wuli.<br/>Aw bɛ plastiki nɔrɔlen to a cogo la joginda kurulen kan, ka a datugu ni sterili<br/>petrolatum gauze ye, ani ka dɔgɔtɔrɔso jeni unit debride dimimadafura kɔrɔ"]

Fiziki ni pathophysiologie des jeninida minnu bɛ kɛ ni funteni ye minnu bɛ tali kɛ ɲɔgɔn na¶

Mun na gundo funteniman, plastiki wulilen, ani karamɛli walima sizo tobilen bɛ jeninida jugumanba lase mɔgɔ ma ni i y’a suma ni tasuma manaman walima ji funteni ye?

1. Funteni, a sɔgɔli, ani "Insulating Thermal Blanket" nɔ¶

Sumaya jeninida suguya o suguya la, farikolo yɔrɔw saya juguya (Jackson ka Zone of Coagulation ani Zone of Stasis) bɛ dɔn ni fɛn fila ye minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen: Future (\(T\)) ani Duration of Contact (\(t\)).

• Ni \(44^\circ\text{C}\) (\(111^\circ\text{F}\)) la, a bɛ lɛrɛ 6 ta ka kɛ sababu ye ka farikolojidɛsɛ bila mɔgɔ la.
• Ni \(55^\circ\text{C}\) (\(131^\circ\text{F}\)) la, farikolojidɛsɛ dafalen bɛ kɛ sekɔndi 30 kɔnɔ.
• \(70^\circ\text{C}\) (\(158^\circ\text{F}\)) la, selilɛri saya dafalen bɛ kɛ segin 1 kɔnɔ.
• Ni sira asfalt wulilen (\(150^\circ\text{C}\text{ ka se }200^\circ\text{C}\)) ma, so bitumini (\(230^\circ\text{C}\text{ ka se }260^\circ\text{C}\)), industrial hot-melt ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) walima poliyamidi kola (\(170^\circ\text{C}\text{ ka se }210^\circ\text{C}\)) ma, walima poliporopilini/nilon wulilen (\(160^\circ\text{C}\text{ ka se }260^\circ\text{C}\)) bɛ hadamaden fari gosi:
• Jiginni wulilen kɛnɛma milimɛtɛrɛ 0,5 bɛ nɛnɛ dɔɔni ni a magara fiɲɛ ni fari la, ka kɛ kɛnɛma kurukuru ye min tɛ se ka don, min bɛ a tanga.
• O kurukurunin jukɔrɔ, gofɛrɛnaman walima plastiki wulilen kɔnɔna bɛ to \(100^\circ\text{C}\text{ ka se }180^\circ\text{C}\) sanfɛ, ka funteni fanga maralen bɔ ka ɲɛ ka taa duguma ka taa farikolojidɛsɛ la fo miniti 3 fo miniti 10 fo ni ji nɛnɛman bɛ bɔn kɛnɛma o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ walasa ka funteni bila ka taa.

2. Masinaw ka ɲɔgɔn sirili: Mun na ni aw bɛ gundo nɛnɛman sama ka bɔ farikolojidɛsɛ la¶

Ni jilama bɛ \(200^\circ\text{C}\) la, bitumini wulilen walima kola funtenima, a sanfɛla tansi ka dɔgɔn, wa a bɛ woyo ka don ɛpidermal ridge, sumaya pore, ani vellus hair follicle microscopique bɛɛ la bolokɔni walima bolo la, ka sɔrɔ ka tobili kɛ waati kelen na ka dermo-epidermal junction kɛ a jukɔrɔ:

• Ni gundo bɛ nɛnɛ \(50^\circ\text{C}\) (\(122^\circ\text{F}\)) duguma, a bɛ gɛlɛya ka kɛ fɛn gɛlɛn ye min bɛ siri ni masin ye kunsigi ba caman na ani stratum corneum salen na.
• Gundola jukɔrɔ, funteni ye ɲɛdawolo ni ɲɛdawolo faranfasi (furukuruw bɔli).
• Ni baarakɛla walima dɔgɔtɔrɔ min tɛ se kosɛbɛ, o ye gundolafɛn nɛnɛnen (walima nilon bolokɔni wulilen) da minɛ ni pinɛsi ye ka a sama, a ɲɛdawolo kurulenw ni sanfɛla ɲɛgɛnɛsiraw sanfɛla bɛɛ bɛ tigɛ ka nɔrɔ gundo jukɔrɔla la, ka farikolojidɛsɛbanakisɛw bɔ kɛnɛ kan minnu ka kɛnɛ, minnu bɛ joli bɔ, ka dɔ fara banakisɛw sɔrɔli hakɛ kan, ani ka farikolojidɛsɛbanakisɛw tiɲɛ minnu ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka jeninida kɛnɛya ni farilaji ma kɛ a la.

3. Petoroli Bitumɛni (Asifalt) ni kɔɔri-Gɔda bɔgɔdaga: Danfaraba min bɛ kɛ ni kemikɛli ye¶

Don o don tubabukan na, mɔgɔw bɛ daɲɛw fɔ "tar", "asphalt", "bitumen," ani "pitch" ka ɲɔgɔn falen-falen, nka baarakɛlaw ka furakɛli ni toxicologie la u bɛ bɔ yɔrɔ fila la minnu tɛ kelen ye:

1. Petroli Asphalt / Bitumen (95%+ siraba dilanni ni bi so sanfɛlanw):
2. A saniyalen don ka bɔ petoroli tulu nɔgɔlen duguma distillation fractionnelle girinman na.
3. A bɛ kɛ ni alifatiki ni naftɛni ye minnu girinya ka bon asphaltenes ni maltenes.
4. Purely Thermal & Mechanical Injury: Petoroli bitumen ye tɛ baga ye min bɛ se ka fɛnw tiɲɛ; ni a funteni fagara ni ji ye dɔrɔn, a bɛ sterile tiɲɛ na (a sumana ka tɛmɛ \(200^\circ\text{C}\) kan jisuma na) wa a bɛ wuli joona dumuni tuluw la minnu tɛ polari ye walima furatuluw la (sunflower oil, mineral oil, white petrolatum, butter, or mayonnaise).
5. Coal-Tar Pitch (Industrial Coke Ovens, Kɔgɔji/Pipe Coatings dɔw, ani Flat-Roofing Pitch kɔrɔlen):
6. A bɛ bɔ ** kɔɔri** ka distillation tiɲɛni na.
7. Toxic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), fenol (kresol), ani acridine/pyridine bases baga caman bɛ a la.
8. Jini funteni + UV Phototoxicity jugumanba ("Pitch Smarts"): Ka fara \(250^\circ\text{C}\) funteni jenini kan, coal-tar pitch bɛ hadamaden fari ni ɲɛkisɛw bila ka ultraviolet (UV-A) tile yeelen. Ni fari walima ɲɛ minnu nɔgɔlen don ni kɔɔri-tajibɔ ye, olu bilala kɛnɛma tile yeelen na u bɔli senfɛ walima u bɔli kɔfɛ, UV fiɲɛw bɛ PAHw baara walasa ka radikaliw labɔ minnu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka banakisɛfagalanw (érythème phototoxic) tɔɔrɔlen, kurukuruw bɔli, ani ɲɛkisɛw lase mɔgɔ ma. Banabagatɔ minnu ka bɔgɔdaga jenilen don ni kɔɔri ye, olu ka kan ka u yɛrɛ tanga tile yeelen ma ani UV yeelen jɛlen ma fo ka se pitch nɔ bɛɛ ka emulsified ka bɔ yen.

Master Comparison of Adherent High-Temperature Jenifɛnw¶

Deep Dive: Protocole clinique step-by-Step min bɛ kɛ ka gofɛrɛnaman ni asfalt bɔ ("Like Dissolves Like")¶

Ni aw ye Fase 1 (ji nɛnɛman min bɛ to senna miniti 15 fo 20) kɛ ka ban, walasa gundo ka nɛnɛ pewu ka maga a la, jeninida yɔrɔw ni jaabi fɔlɔw bɛ bitumini nɛrɛmuguma bɔ cogo di k’a sɔrɔ u ma fari milimɛtɛrɛ kelen tigɛ?

1. Lipophilic Solvents lakananenw ka chimie¶

Petroli bitumen ye cakɛdaw ye minnu tɛ polari ye, minnu sirilen bɛ ɲɔgɔn na van der Waals fanga fɛ. Ji ye polari barikama ye wa a tɛ se ka don bitumini kɔnɔ fewu. Nka, tulu ni tulu minnu tɛ polari ye minnu tɛ baga ye, olu bɛ jɛnsɛn ka ɲɛsin bitumini matirili ma, ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ jɛɲɔgɔnya tiɲɛ asfaltɛnw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ ani ka gofɛrɛnaman nɛrɛma gɛlɛnw tigɛli kɛ ka segin ka kɛ ji bulama finman ye, min bɛ woyo so funteni na:

1. Furakɛcogo fɔlɔ & du kɔnɔ bitumen dissolvers (100% lakananen don farikolo jenilen kɛnɛ kan):
2. Tile tulu walima Oliviye tulu: Jeninida-sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu bɔra kɛnɛ kan (o la, sariya minnu tara Angilɛw ka jeninida tɔn fɛ ani Erɔpu jeninida-yɔrɔw fɛ) olu b’a jira ko Tile-tulu min bɛ se ka kɛ dumuni gansan ye bɛ siraba nɔgɔ ni so sanfɛlan bitumini wuli joona ani ka saniya ka tɛmɛ jagokɛla ka furakɛli furaw bɛɛ kan miniti 20 fo miniti 40 kɔnɔ, o musaka tɛ se ka fɔ ani ni a tɛ se ka kɛ farikolo yɔrɔw baga ye.
3. Minerali tulu (Parafin jilama / Den tulu kasa tɛ min na): A bɛ sɔrɔ nɔgɔya la furakɛliso ni du bɛɛ kɔnɔ; a bɛ bɔn gazew kan minnu bilalen bɛ gundola kan.
4. Polymyxin-Bacitracin walima Neomycin-Polymyxin-Bacitracin Ointment (Polysporin / Neosporin Ointment) walima White Petrolatum (Vaseline): A bɛ kɛ ni petrolatum finman 100% hydrocarbone base ye min bɛ gundolafɛnw kɛ ka to ka gundolafɛnw kɛ ka a sɔrɔ a bɛ banakisɛfagalanw tali kɛ yɔrɔ la jeninida jukɔrɔ. (Kɔlɔsili: Aw bɛ Tumu kɛ, aw kana "Kɛrɛmu" kɛ, barisa ji la, petoroli furakisɛw ka dɔgɔn kosɛbɛ).
5. Kɔgɔbali walima mayonezi: Sɛnɛfɛnw walima sirada la foro kɔrɔtɔlenw na, ni denmisɛnni tulu walima petoroli tulu tɛ affirst-aid minɛn kɔnɔ, dumuni nafama tulu kɔgɔbali, marifa, walima mayonezi (o ye 75% fo 80% ye soja/kanala tulu ye min bɛ kɛ ni kɔnɔbara basigilen lesitini ye) bɛ kɛ kɔrɔtɔko ye min bɛ se ka kɛ kosɛbɛ bitumɛni wulilan.
6. Jagokɛlaw ka Citrus-Peel D-Limonene / Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan (Tween-80 / De-Solv-It) Dɔgɔtɔrɔso jeninida saniyalanw: Furakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw minnu dilannen don kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, minnu tɛ ion ye, minnu tɛ surfactant/éster ye, minnu bɛ mara baarakɛyɔrɔw ka jeninida dɔgɔtɔrɔsow la (aw kana penti bɔlanw bila u nɔ na abada).

2. Aw bɛ a kɛ cogo min na senfɛ-senfɛ ("Aw su, aw bɛ a ko, aw bɛ segin a kan: Aw kana a ko abada")¶

1. Aw bɛ a lamini fari ko ka a ja nɔgɔya la miniti 20 ji nɛnɛma ko kɛlen kɔfɛ.
2. **Aw bɛ Tile tulu, Den tulu, Petrolatum finman, walima Polisporin tulu kɛ ka a kɛ gundo nɛnɛnen fan bɛɛ la ani a dakunw bɛɛ la.
3. A bɛ a datugu ni gazi sterili ye min suturalen don tulu la ka a siri ka ɲɛ ni bandi ye walasa ka tulu minɛ ka maga gundo la fo miniti miniti 30 fo miniti 60.
4. Aw bɛ a siri ka a ko nɔgɔya la, aw kana a ko abada: Miniti 30 fo miniti 60 kɔfɛ, gundo gɛlɛn kɛnɛma bɛna wuli ka kɛ tulumafɛn nɛrɛma ye. Aw bɛ gaze sterili nɔgɔlen kɛ ni jisuma ye walima tulu caman ye walasa ka godɔn jilama dɔrɔn ko nɔgɔya la min bɛ bɔ ni zeru resistance ye.
5. Aw bɛ tulu/tulumugu kura kɛ tuguni gundomugu gɛlɛn kuncɛlen na: Ni gundolafɛn mugumugu dɔ tora ka nɔrɔ fari kurulenw na, aw kana a jagoya ka bɔ. Aw bɛ segin ka petoroli walima banakisɛfagalan tulu caman kɛ a la, ka joginda siri kokura, ka sɔrɔ ka lɛrɛ 4 fo lɛri 12 wɛrɛ makɔnɔ (walima aw bɛ a to dɔgɔtɔrɔso jeninida ka segin a sirili kan o dugujɛ). Lɛrɛ 12 fo lɛri 24 kɔnɔ, tulu min bɛ kɛ ka a datugu, o kɛmɛsarada la, gofɛrɛnaman tɔ kɛmɛsarada la, 100 bɛ pan ka bɔ a yɛrɛ la pewu walasa dɔgɔtɔrɔ ka se ka jeninida jukɔrɔla juguya tigitigi sɛgɛsɛgɛ.

3. Kɔrɔtɔko kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw farikolo la: Ɲɛw, ɲɛda ani bolokɔniw laminicogo¶

• Gudɔrɔ walima Asphalt ɲɛ la:
• Aw bɛ ɲɛ da wulilen ko joona ni pɔnpeji nɛnɛman ye walima ni saline normal sterile ye fo miniti miniti 15 fo miniti 20 walasa ka bitumini nɛnɛ ani ka a ko ka bɔ nɔgɔ la.
• Aw kana a ɲini abada ka gundo gɛlɛnw bɔ ɲɛda, ɲɛdawolo, walima ɲɛdawolo la ni pince walima ɲɛda jalenw ye.
• Kɔrɔtɔko yɔrɔ la, ɲɛdɔgɔtɔrɔw bɛ ɲɛdimi éritoromisini walima basitarasini tulu sterili (min bɛ kɛ tulu minɛlen na / ɲɛkisɛ finman petrolatum kɔnɔ) ka ɲɛkisɛ foroko kɔnɔ k’a ɲɛsin lɛrɛ damadɔ o lɛri damadɔ ɲɛkisɛ tulu sterili bɛ gundo bɔ ɲɛkisɛ ni ɲɛkisɛw la ni dimi tɛ a la sanga 12 fo lɛri 24 kɔnɔ ka sɔrɔ ka ɲɛkisɛw lakana.
• Gundola lamininen bɛ kɛ bolokɔninw, bolo walima bolokɔniw kan:
• Ni baarakɛla ye bololankolon dɔ don gundolafɛn funtenimada dɔ kɔnɔ walima ni a ye degere 360 sɔgɔ a bolokɔni walima a bolokɔni na, gundo nɛnɛnen bɛ kɛ bɔgɔmugu gɛlɛn ye min tɛ se ka wuli. Ni jeninida sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ bɛ farikolo yɔrɔ nɔgɔlenw funu o bɔgɔdaga kɔnɔ lɛri 1 fo lɛri 3 nataw kɔnɔ, farikolojidɛsɛ tansiyɔn bɛ tɛmɛ joli siraw tali tansiyɔn kan (syndrome de compartiment / ischémie numérique).
• Kɔrɔtɔko: Aw bɛ bolo kɔrɔta ka tɛmɛ dusukun hakɛ kan, ka o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ gundolafɛnw bɛɛ datugu ni Tile tulu, tulu minɛnw, walima tulumugu ye min bɛ wele ko Petrolatum Ointment ni aw bɛ taa dɔgɔtɔrɔso la walasa a bɔgɔmugu gɛlɛn ka nɔgɔya ka kɛ fɛn dɔ ye min bɛ se ka wuli, ani ka aw bolokɔniw ka ɲɛgɛnɛsiraw falencogo ni a dusukunnataw lajɛ miniti 10 o miniti 10. Jeninida yɔrɔ la, operelikɛlaw bɛ gundolafɛn nɔgɔlen tila ka janya (ka opereli kɛ ka ɲɛgɛnɛ kɛ ni farikolojidɛsɛ min ka bon kosɛbɛ, o bɛ joli bɔli bali).

Deep Dive 2: Sintetiki finiw wulilenw (Nylon, Polyester, Fleece) ani "Tanghulu" Sugar Glass Scalds¶

1. Mun na fini dilannenw bɛ wuli ka kɛ plastiki welda ye fari kan¶

A tɛ i n’a fɔ bɔgɔ, wulu, lenfu, walima siliki kɛmɛsarada la nafama kɛmɛsarada la (min bɛ kɛ bɔgɔmugu ye min bɛ se ka tiɲɛ ni u bilara tasuma na k’a sɔrɔ u ma wuli), petoroli fiyɛri dilannenw i n’a fɔ nilon, poliyesitɛri, poliporopilini, akiriliki, ani spandex/elastane bɛ wuli \(160^\circ\text{C}\text{ ani }260^\circ\text{C}\) (\(320^\circ\text{F}\text{ ka se }500^\circ\text{F}\)) ka kɛ plastiki jilama ye min bɛ bugun, min bɛ nɔrɔ, min bɛ dɔgɔya kosɛbɛ a donbaga farikolo la:

• A jɔ, ka jigin, ka a wuli, ka a nɛnɛ fini kɔnɔ: Ni mɔgɔ dɔ ka pantalon sintetiki, wuluwulu, walima poliyesitɛri ye tasuma minɛ, aw bɛ tasuma faga o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ ani aw bɛ fini wulilenw falen ni ji nɛnɛman ye miniti 15 fo miniti 20 SANI aw k’a ɲini ka yɔrɔ jenilen in ka fini bɔ.
• Tigɛ ka lamini, aw kana a bɔ abada: Aw bɛ joginda tigɛlanw kɛ ka finiw bɛɛ tigɛ minnu ma wuli, minnu ma wuli ka jeninida lamini. Aw bɛ nilon walima poliyesitɛri wulilen gun o gun min sirilen don fari la ka ɲɛ, aw bɛ o to a nɔ na, ka o datugu ni petoroli gaze sterili ye walima ni plastiki sanuman ye, ka banabagatɔ ta ka taa dɔgɔtɔrɔso jeniyɔrɔ la, dɔgɔtɔrɔw bɛ se ka polimɛri bɔ yɔrɔ min na dimimadafura fɛ jolisira fɛ walima ni fɛɛrɛ ye.

2. "Tanghulu" Sukaro tobilen ni karamɛli cuisini jeni banakisɛ¶

San laban ninnu na, denmisɛnw ni balikuw ka jeninida yɔrɔ minnu bɛ diɲɛ kɔnɔ, olu y’a jira ko bolo ni ɲɛda jeninida jugumanba cayara kosɛbɛ, o min bɛ sɔrɔ sukaro siro tobilen fɛ ("Tanghulu" jiridenw dilacogo, karamɛli min dilannen don so kɔnɔ, ani tofi) minnu sumana mikro tasaw kɔnɔ walima tasumabɔlanw kɔnɔ fo ka se ** \(150^\circ\text{C}\text{ to }175^\circ\text{C}\) (\(300^\circ\text{F}\text{ ka se }350^\circ\text{F}\) ma)**:

• Mun na sukaro tobilen bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ dumunikɛminɛnw: Sukaro siro wulilen funteni ka bon (\(160^\circ\text{C}+\)) ani a sɔgɔli ka bon min bɛ bolokɔninw datugu ani ka gɛlɛya ka kɛ bonbonsi gɛlɛn ye min bɛ i n’a fɔ galasi segin damadɔ kɔnɔ. Ni denmisɛn walima baliku y’a ɲini ka sukaro gɛlɛn wuli, k’a ko, walima k’a bɔ ni u bolo tɔ kelen ye, sukaro wulilen bɛ wuli ka taa bolo filanan na ka fari kurukurulenw tigɛ ka bɔ a bolo fila la waati kelen na.
• Mun na ji nɛnɛman ye nɛnɛ ye ANI Sukaro jeninida fura ye: A tɛ i n’a fɔ petoroli gundo (min bɛ tulu de wajibiya) walima plastiki wulilen (min bɛ opereli bɔ), sukaro gɛlɛn ni karamɛli bɛ se ka wuli ji la kɛmɛsarada la. Ni aw ye bolo minɛ ni sukaro ye pompi ji nɛnɛman dɔ jukɔrɔ miniti 20 fo miniti 30 dafalen o bɛ \(160^\circ\text{C}\) funteni bɔ waati kelen na ANI ka bonbonsi gɛlɛnw bɔ pewu fari kurulen na ka sɔrɔ a ma ɲɛdawolo tigɛ.

Baarakɛyɔrɔ ni so kɔnɔ bana kunbɛnni sɛgɛsɛgɛli sɛbɛn¶

• Aw bɛ fini girinmanw don minnu bɛ kɛ ni cotton ye walima minnu tɛ tasuma bɔ (FR) ni aw bɛ baara kɛ Asphalt walima so sanfɛlan funtenimanw lamini na: Aw kana poliyesitɛri, nilon, walima farikoloɲɛnajɛ sintetiki finiw don abada siraba walima so sanfɛla baarakɛlaw kan aw bɛ denim pantalon jan girinmanw don minnu samara kan kɛnɛma butiki janw na minnu dilalen don ni wuluwulu ye, ka ganw don minnu dilalen don ni wuluwulu ye, ni bolokɔnincininw ye minnu ka ɲi, ani ɲɛda bɛɛ lajɛlen lakanani lunɛtiw kan.
• Aw bɛ Paving Truck ni Roofing Rig kelen-kelen bɛɛ mara ni tile tulu walima minerali tulu buteli fila ye minnu bɛ se litiri 1 ma ani ji min bɛ se ka kɛ nɛnɛ ye, olu ye galɔn 5 ye: Aw bɛ bitumini wulilen tulu lipophilic ani petrolatum tulu pake steriliw mara minnu lakananen don baarakɛlaw ka dɛmɛ fɔlɔ minɛn kɔnɔ walasa baarakɛla si kana kɔrɔbɔ abada ka asphalt splash ko ni o ye dizili sɛnɛfɛn walima fɛnɲɛnamafagalan.
• Aw bɛ ji nɛnɛ tasa dɔ bila kola marifa walima tasumamugu sukaro daga o daga kɛrɛfɛ: Ni aw bɛ baara kɛ ni \(200^\circ\text{C}\) kola marifa ye min bɛ wuli ni funteni ye walima ni sukaro tobilen ye so kɔnɔ, aw bɛ pɔnpeji nɛnɛman tasa belebele dɔ bila jatebɔlan kan yɛrɛ sani aw ka funteni da walasa fɛn o fɛn bɛ kɛ bolokɔni kan, o ka se ka don ji la sekɔndi 1 kɔnɔ.

Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na¶

N baarakɛɲɔgɔn dɔ ye sira sɔgɔlen funteni sɔgɔ a bolokɔni na a bɛ miniti 5 bɔ. Baarakɛla wɛrɛ b’a fɛ k’a ko ni finimugu ye min su ji la dizili la walima WD-40 la ka bɔ kamiyɔn kɔnɔ. Yala ne ka kan k’u to yen wa?¶

Ayi: aw bɛ u jɔ joona. Aw kana dizili, gazi, kerozɛni, WD-40, frein saniyalan, penti finman walima asetɔni kɛ hadamaden fari jenilen kan abada. O izini furajiw ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ye minnu bɛ farikolojidɛsɛ bɔ ani ka a jeni ni kemikɛli ye, ka don joli la joona jeninida da wulilen fɛ walasa ka baga bila farikolo la, wa u bɛ kɛ faratiba ye tasuma-fanga-fiɲɛ fɛ. O nɔ na, ​​aw bɛ aw baarakɛɲɔgɔn bolokɔni minɛ ji nɛnɛman kɔrɔ fo miniti 15 fo miniti 20 dafalen sisan yɛrɛ walasa funteni kana jeni ka taa a fɛ. Ni asfalt nɛnɛna pewu, aw bɛ a datugu ka ɲɛ ni tile tulu gansan ye, nakɔfɛnw tulu, den tulu, tulu, mayonezi, walima Neosporin/Polysporin tulu, o min bɛ petoroli asfalt wuli lafiya la ani dimi tɛ min na, k’a sɔrɔ a ma kojugu kɛ fari la.

N ye n bolokɔnincinin jeni ni bololabaarakɛla ka kola marifa ye min bɛ funteni caman bɔ, ka kola funteni juru sama ka bɔ ni n bolo tɔ kelen ye ni hakilina ye. Sisan, bolokɔni fila bɛɛ jeni ani kola gɛlɛn dɔ bɛ nɔrɔ hali bi kurukuru kɛnɛ dɔ la. Ne bɛ se ka kola tɔ bɔ cogo di?¶

Fɔlɔ, aw bɛ aw bolokɔni fila bɛɛ minɛ pɔnpe ji nɛnɛman kɔrɔ min bɛ boli miniti 15 fo miniti 20 walasa ka funteni tolen bɛɛ bɔ. Aw kana kola gɛlɛn tɔ min nɔrɔlen don kurukuru kɛnɛ kan, aw kana o sama walima k’a ta, barisa n’i y’a sama, o bɛna kurukuru sanfɛla tigɛ pewu ani ka farikolo yɔrɔ jugumanw bɔ kɛnɛ kan. A tɛ i n’a fɔ petoroli gundo, etilɛni-vinili asetati (EVA) kola min bɛ kɛ ni funteni ye, o ye polimɛri plastiki ye min tɛ wuli ka kɛ ji ye tulu kɔnɔ; nka, ni aw ye kola ni kurukuruw da ni Vaseline walima Polisporin tulu ye ni bolomafara ye bandi jukɔrɔ, o bɛ fari ni kola jɛɲɔgɔnya nɔgɔya ka a sɔrɔ aw farikolo bɛ ji lajɛ a yɛrɛ la kurukuru kɔnɔ a jukɔrɔ. Lɛrɛ 24 fo lɛri 48 kɔnɔ, kola bɛna wuli ka bɔ a dadaw la walasa aw ka se k’a tigɛ ka bɔ yen dimi tɛ min na, walima dɔgɔtɔrɔ min bɛ kɛnɛyaso kɔrɔtɔlen dɔ la, o bɛ se k’a bɔ lafiya la.

Mun na a nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ka gundola to fari la ka a to nɛnɛ na ni ji ye miniti 20 kɔnɔ, sanni ka gundo funteniman sɔgɔ o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ ni muru walima bere ye?¶

Seginnkanni 2 fo 5 kɔnɔ, i fari gosilen kɔfɛ, gofɛrɛnaman walima plastiki wulilen duguma yɔrɔ bɛ fara i kunsigiw la kaban ka i kunsigi sanfɛla kurukuru. Ni aw b’a ɲini ka gundo sɔgɔ walima ka a bɔ ni bere, muru walima finimugu ye miniti fɔlɔ kɔnɔ, aw tɛ gundo bɔ dɔrɔn: aw bɛ fari ɲɛnama bɛɛ tigɛ ni masin ye ka fara a kan, ka joginda kɛnɛ to a la, joli bɛ bɔ a la. Ni aw ye gundolaji kɛ ji nɛnɛman na, o bɛ funteni bɔ ka tɛmɛ gundolafɛn finman fɛ sekɔndi damadɔ kɔnɔ, ka gundolafɛn gɛlɛya a nɔ na, ​​ka aw fari jukɔrɔla kɛmɛsarada la 100 mara walasa gofɛrɛnaman ka se ka wuli dɔɔni dɔɔni ni tulu ye miniti 20 o kɔfɛ.

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Nin gafe in ye kunnafonidi ye, wa a tɛ dɔgɔtɔrɔso baarakɛlaw nɔnabila jeninida yɔrɔ la min sɛgɛsɛgɛlen don. Ikomi funteni jeninida jugumanw bɛ se ka fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔw funu, ka farikolojidɛsɛ bila mɔgɔ la, ani ka banakisɛw bila mɔgɔ la, an b’a fɔ aw ye kosɛbɛ ko aw ka dɛmɛ fɔlɔ kalan kɛ min lakodɔnnen don Croix Rouge ni kalo bilenman tɔnba (IFRC) fɛ, aw ka jamana Croix Rouge tɔnba fɛ, St John Ambulance fɛ, walima sigida kalanfa min ka lakɔliso sɛbɛn bɛ a bolo.

Sosow sɛgɛsɛgɛra¶

• Ameriki jeninida tɔnba (ABA): Jɛnɛya ɲɛnamaya dɛmɛni ɲɛtaa (ABLS) Dibagaw ka gafe: Jeninida jogin kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw, gundo ni asfalt jeninida.
• British Burn Association (BBA) & NHS Burn Networks: Dɔgɔtɔrɔso ka baarakɛcogo laadilikanw ka ɲɛsin dɛmɛ fɔlɔw ni bitumen (Tar/Asphalt) jeninida bɔli ma ni nɔgɔya ye (Sunflower Oil and Liquid Paraffin Protocols).
• Jamana ka baara lakanani ni kɛnɛyako baarada (NIOSH, Etazuni) & Banaw kɛlɛli ni u kunbɛnni baaradaw (CDC): Farakɛcogo lajɛ: Kɛnɛyako nɔ minnu bɛ sɔrɔ baarakɛlaw ka sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ ni kɔɔri-bɔgɔdaga la.
• Diɲɛ kɛnɛyatɔn (OMS) & Duniya tɔnba min ɲɛsinnen bɛ jeninida joginw ma (ISBI): ISBI ka baarakɛcogo ɲɛfɔlenw jeninida ladonni na: Dɛmɛ fɔlɔw nɛnɛni ani furakɛlaw ladonni minnu bɛ tugu ɲɔgɔn na.

Gafe minnu bɛ tali kɛ o ko la¶

• Jeninida, jeninida, ani funteni jeninida dɛmɛ fɔlɔ
• Jeninida jugumanba ani farilaji min bɛ kɛ ni kemikɛli ye
• Bɛton ɲiginnen (siman) alkali jeninida ani lime ɲɛ joginw
• Asidi fluorique, nɔgɔ bɔlan, ani izini kemikɛli jeninida
• Ɲɛ joginw ani ɲɛjibɔ ni kemikɛli ye
• Kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw ka kɛɲɛ ni jamana ye