Tobili kɔrɔtɔlen min tɛ mɔgɔ tɔɔrɔ, kuran tiɲɛni waati: Mun na charbon ni kanpaɲi tasumabɔlanw bɛ mɔgɔ faga so kɔnɔ¶

Tilemana jikuruba bɛɛ la, sanfiɲɛba dɔ la, ani marabolow ka kuran sira tiɲɛni waati la, dɔgɔtɔrɔsow ka kɔrɔtɔko baarakɛyɔrɔw bɛ fa denbayaw la minnu bɛ tɔɔrɔ monokside de carbone (CO) baga ani tasuma jeni minnu bɛ sɔrɔ kɛnɛma tobilikɛminɛnw nali fɛ so kɔnɔ. Ni aw ka du kɔnɔ mɔgɔ o mɔgɔ ye kungolodimi, ɲɛnamini, kɔnɔboli, hakili ɲagami, walima sunɔgɔbaliya sɔrɔ tobili walima funteni waati la, walima ni gazi monoksidi alarma mankan bɔra, aw bɛ bɛɛ ni sokɔnɔbaganw bɛɛ labɔ kɛnɛma fiɲɛ jɛlen na joona ani ka aw ka sigida kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔ wele (911, . 112, walima 999) ka tɛmɛn an ka kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw ɲɛbilasɛbɛn. Aw ye an ka gafe ɲɛminɛbagaw fana lajɛ gazi monoksidi baga bɛ mɔgɔ la, . dumunikɛyɔrɔ tulu ni tobili tasumaw, ani dumuni marali waatijan kɔnɔ ani kalori hakɛ labɛnni.

Faamuyali mun na kɛnɛma fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw bɛ sokɔnɔna faga ani kɔrɔtɔko tobilikɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen minnu dilannen don ni ɛntɛrinɛti ye ani minnu bɛ lakana (UL / . CSA / . EN) ka kɛ so kɔnɔ tabali tali ye o bɛ a to aw ka denbaya ka ji tobi, ka dumuni funtenimaw labɛn, ka denmisɛnninw ka dumuni sumaya ka ɲɛ ni kuran bɛ jɔ tile caman kɔnɔ : 1. Brikiti charbon, jiri kurulenw, propane (LPG) kanpaɲi tasumabɔlanw, gazi finman ( .naphtha) kɔfɛla tasumabɔlanw, ani kerozɛni tasumabɔlanw bɛ Monokisidi Gazi (CO). Hali ni i ye hibachi gril fitinin dɔ sisi ni charbon ye garazi walima dumunikɛyɔrɔ kɔnɔ ni finɛtiri karilen don, o bɛ ** lawuli 1,000 to 5,000+ parts per million (ppm) ka CO, o ye hakɛ ye min bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka mɔgɔ hakili bɔ ani ka mɔgɔ faga miniti 15 fo 30 kɔnɔ barisa gazi monokisini bɛ siri joli la ɛmoɲini na ni a ka teli ka tɛmɛ oksizɛni kan siɲɛ 200 fo 250, ka kɔngɔ bila hakili ni dusukun fasa la (carboxyhemoglobinemia). 2. Tobili min bɛ kɛ so kɔnɔ ni rezow tɛ, o bɛ tali kɛ fɛɛrɛ naani na minnu tɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw bɔ kosɛbɛ walima minnu tɛ jeni caman kɛ: (A) Diethylene Glycol (DEG) wiki chafing fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw walima etanɔli jelilen ( .Sterno) bidonw minnu jeni nɛgɛ chafing stand datugulen kɔnɔ ; (B) So kɔnɔ-rated (CSA / ANSI Z21.72 walima UL) kasɛti butane tasumabɔlan kelen-kelenw minnu bɛ ni otomatiki Over-Pressure Shutoff (OPSO) lakana sariyasunba min bɛ kɛ dumunikɛyɔrɔ la fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔ la ; (C) Kuran induction tobilikɛminɛnw, mikro, walima kuran bɔgɔlanw minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni ** .LiFePO4 kuran sɛnɛyɔrɔ min bɛ se ka ta** (zero emissions); ani (D) Ration Heaters tasuma tɛ minnu na (FRHs) ni hidrɔzɛni-gazi fiɲɛbɔcogo ɲuman ye.

Aw bɛ o kɛ sisan¶

1. AW kana na ni charbon gril ye abada, jiri brazier, kɛnɛma propane (LPG) barbecue, kanpaɲi tasumabɔlan min bɛ jeni fila, diden sɔgɔlan, walima gazi finman kɔkanna tasumabɔlan min bɛ i ka so kɔnɔ, dugujukɔrɔyɔrɔ, garazi, fanibugu, walima barada datugulen, hali ni finɛtiriw walima garazi da dabɔlen don. Aw bɛ baara kɛ ni kɛnɛma propane, charbon, ani jimafɛnw ka kanpaɲi tasumabɔlanw bɛɛ ye kɛnɛma dɔrɔn, minnu bilalen bɛ a dɔgɔyalenba la 3 to 6 meters (10 to 20 feet) yɔrɔjan ka bɔ finɛtiriw, dabaw ani fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔw la.
2. Aw bɛ baara kɛ ni batiri ye min bɛ baara kɛ ni Electrochimique Carbone Monoxide (CO) Alarm ni nizɛri yɔrɔw-miliyɔn kelen (ppm) ekran ɲɛ/tabali hakɛ la ( .1.0 to 1.5 meters / 3 to 5 feet ka bɔ duguma) so kɔnɔ SANI aw ka so kɔnɔ kɔrɔtɔko fɛnɲɛnamafagalan si yeelen. Aw kana tobili kɛ abada ni tasuma si ye so kɔnɔ dibi dontuma na ni batiri baarakɛta tɛ CO detektɛri sigilen bɛ dumunikɛyɔrɔ yɛrɛ la ** kɔnɔ .1.5 to 3 meters (5 to 10 feet)** ka tobilikɛyɔrɔ la. Ni ekran numérique sera ** .25 to 35 ppm**, aw bɛ jenifɛn faga joona ka finɛtiri fila da wuli walasa fiɲɛbɔlan ka se ka don ɲɔgɔn na.
3. Ni sigiyɔrɔ gazi nafama walima propane dumunikɛyɔrɔ bɛ aw bolo ni sanfɛla jenifɛnw ye, aw bɛ sanfɛla tasumabɔlanw yeelen ni bolo ye ni piezo tasumabɔlan jan ye (aw kana gazi foro walima sogosogo kɛ abada walasa ka aw ka so sumaya). Sigida gazi tobilikɛminɛn fanba la, sanfɛla jenifɛnw bɛ se ka yeelen ni bolo ye ni bolo ye dibi dontuma na, ni aw ye matchi yeelenma walima butane yeelenbɔlan min kɔ jan minɛ ka taa jeninida dakunw na fɔlɔ, ka dilan wuli ka LITE / LOW. (Kɛwale: Jagokɛyɔrɔ kura dɔw la, gazi suguya kura dɔw bɛ ni kuran ye min bɛ gazi bɔ ɲɔgɔn na, o bɛ gazi boli bali ni AC kuran bɔra; ni i ma gazi mɛn walima ka a kasa mɛn segin 3 kɔnɔ, i bɛ dial wuli OFF o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ).
4. Aw bɛ dumunikɛyɔrɔ finɛtiri dɔ kari 2.5 to 5 centimeters (1 to 2 inches) tuma o tuma ni aw bɛ baara kɛ ni gazi bɔyɔrɔ ye, so kɔnɔ butane tasumabɔlan, walima Sterno/chafing fɛnɲɛnamafagalan bidon kuran tigɛtuma na. Ni utilité kuran fagara, aw ka cuisini range hood fiɲɛbɔlan tɛ baara kɛ. Ni i ye finɛtiri kari, o bɛ oksizɛni kura di makiyaji ma (O2) o la tasuma bɛ jeni bulu saniyalen ( .complete combustion to CO2 and H2O) sanni a ka kɛ jɛman/orange ye ka baga bɔ CO.
5. Aw ka to a Class K walima ABC Tasumafagalan jalen ni nɛgɛ ye ANI nɛgɛ daga datugulan min sirilen don kosɛbɛ, i bolo bɛ se ka se i ka kɔrɔtɔko tasumabɔlan ma. Aw kana tasumamugu min bɛ se ka ta, o bila abada tabali kan min bɛ se ka tasuma bɔ, papiye finiw kɛrɛfɛ, walima kuran tasumabɔlan sanfɛ min bɛ gilasi sanfɛ, funteni bɛ se ka gilasi tiɲɛ yɔrɔ min na walima ka mikrowɛn plastikiw wuli minnu bɛ sanfɛ.
6. Aw bɛ dumuni minnu tobi waati dɔɔnin de wajibiya, aw bɛ olu bila jɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ la (no-cook sogo/shɛfan bidon kɔnɔ, woso teliya la, kuskɔsi, ramen, foroko jalen minnu bɛ kɛ ni konfirɛzi ye) ani ka tobi daga kɔnɔ min bɛ funteni sɔrɔ ("Wonderbag" / Hollande foro min sirilen don ni towel ye). Ka na ni daga ye a 1-minute tobi k’a bila kɛsu kɔnɔ min bɛ ni finimugu ye, o bɛ tiga, pasta walima shɔ tobi ban ni funteni maralen ye ka sɔrɔ ka i ka so kɔnɔ tulu tacogo ni a bɔli tigɛ ni kɛmɛsarada la 70 ye.

Desizɔn jiri: Ka tobilikɛcogo kɔrɔtɔlen dɔ sugandi min tɛ mɔgɔ tɔɔrɔ, kuran tiɲɛni waati¶

Aw bɛ nin lakana triage flowchart in labato walasa ka tobilikɛcogo min ka fisa ni tɔw bɛɛ ye, o sugandi ka da aw ka so minɛnw kan, waati cogoyaw ani fiɲɛbɔcogo kan.

flowchart TD
    Outage["Kuran tiɲɛni: Aw ka kan ka dumuni sumaya, ka ji tobi, walima ka denmisɛnninw ka dumunikɛminɛn sumaya"] --> WeatherCheck{"Yala farati tɛ ka sen bɔ kɛnɛma ka taa kɛnɛba kan, ka taa kɛnɛba la, walima ka taa balabala da wulilen na (No Active Hurricane Winds, Blizzard, or Toxic Plume) wa?"}
    WeatherCheck -->|"ƆWƆ: Kɛnɛma lakananen"| OutdoorCook["AW TOBI KƆNƆ DƆRƆN (Mɛtiri 3 fo 6 / Sen 10 ka se 20 ma ka bɔ boon na): Aw bɛ kɛnɛma Propane Camp stove, BBQ Grill, Rocket Stove, walima White-Gas Stove kɛ kɛnɛma -> Aw bɛ na ni dumuni tobilen ye Kɔnɔna na"]
    WeatherCheck -->|"AYI: A ka kan ka tobi so kɔnɔ"| PowerStationCheck{"Yala aw bɛ ni LiFePO4 Portable Power Station charged ye (1,000 ka se 2,000+ Wh ni 1,500W ka se 1,800W Inverter) ma wa?"}
    PowerStationCheck -->|"ƆWƆ: Batiri fanga bɛ sɔrɔ"| ElectricCook["ZERO-EMISSION INDOOR ELECTRIC TOBILI: Aw bɛ baara kɛ ni 1000W kuran jifilen ye (6 Mins = 100 Wh), 700W-1000W Micro-onde, walima Single-Burner Induction Cooktop on Medium (800W)"]
    PowerStationCheck -->|"AYI: Ka kan ka baara kɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalan ye so kɔnɔ"| GasRangeCheck{"Yala Gazi nafama / LP tobilikɛminɛn bɛ i ka so kɔnɔ min bɛ se ka yeelen bɔ ni bolo ye wa?"}
    GasRangeCheck -->|"ƆWƆ: Surface Burners bɛ yeelen bɔ ni bolo ye"| ManualGas["Crack Kitchen Window 2,5 to 5 cm (1 to 2 in) -> Aw bɛ Batiri CO Detector bila ɲɛ hakɛ la -> Yeelen Surface Burners Dɔrɔn (Aw kana baara kɛ ni Gazi foro ye abada so funteni kama)"]
    GasRangeCheck -->|"AYI: Kuran bɛɛ bɛ so min kɔnɔ"| IndoorFuel["AW KA BAARAKƐLA DƆRƆN MINNU BƐ SƆRƆ KƆRƆBƆLI KƆRƆBƆLI MINNU BƐ SƆRƆ NI CO DETECTOR NI FƐNƐtiri CRACKED: (1) Diethylene Glycol / Ethanol Chafing Cans (Sterno) minnu bɛ nɛgɛdaga kɔnɔ, (2) CSA/UL So kɔnɔ Butane Cassette Stove, walima (3) Ration Heaters minnu tɛ tasuma bɔ (Vent H2 Gas)"]

Yɔrɔ 1: So kɔnɔ ni kɛnɛma kɔrɔtɔlen tobili fɛnɲɛnamafagalan lakanani sumacogo bɛɛ lajɛlen¶

Hidrokarbon ni dɔlɔ sɛnɛfɛnw bɛɛ tɛ jeni cogo kelen na. Ni tasumabɔlan bɛ se ka baara kɛ dumunikɛyɔrɔ kɔnɔ (ni finɛtiri karilen don ani a CO alarma) bɛ bɔ jeni nafama na (CO-ka-CO2 ratio), tansiyɔn min bɛ kɛ ni lafiɲɛbɔ ye (flash-fire leak risk), ani furakɛminɛnw funteni lakanani:

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Yɔrɔ 2nan: Monoxyde de carbone (CO) Dakunw ani Detektɛri bilali wajibiya ka tobili kɛ¶

Sabula hadamaden dusukunnataw tɛ se ka gazi monokisidi ye, ka a kasa mɛn, walima ka a nɛnɛ (CO), aw ka kan ka batiri-powered digital Carbon Monoxide Detector minɛ i n’a fɔ dumunikɛminɛn min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ, dibi dontuma na.

1. Mun na Standard Residential CO Alarms Sound So Late (ani Mun na i mago bɛ numérique la PPM Ɲɛjirali) .¶

Sotigi caman t’a dɔn ko o ye sariya ye UL 2034 / . EN 50291 sigiyɔrɔw la, alarma min bɛ kɛ ni gazi monokisidi ye (o sugu min bɛ ni LED bilenman dɔrɔn ye ani buzzer, ni nimɔrɔ jiralan nimɔrɔma tɛ a la) bɛ labɛn ni laɲini ye sariya fɛ A kana alarma fɔ duguma 30 ppm tile 30 kɔnɔ, ani 70 ppm a bɛ makɔnɔni kɛ 60 to 240 minutes (lɛrɛ 1 ka se sanga 4 ma) sani a ka mankan bɔ a la 85-decibel buru: 1 .

2. I bɛ se ka i ka Portable bila yɔrɔ min na CO Detektɛri Ka Tobili Kɛ¶

• Aw kana bɔ... CO detektɛri dɔrɔn de bɛ sugo sanfɛla la 15 meters (50 feet) jigin boon kɔnɔ: Ni tobili sisiw bɛ jigin boon nɛnɛman dɔ kɔnɔ ka alarma dɔ lawuli yɔrɔjan so sanfɛ 70 ppm sanga 2 tɛmɛnen kɔfɛ , mɔgɔ min jɔlen bɛ tasumamugu sanfɛ dumunikɛyɔrɔ la , o tigi bɛ ninakili kaban 150+ ppm.
• Ɲɛ-ni-yɔrɔ / Ninakili-yɔrɔ sariya: Gazi monoksidi (Molecular Weight = 28.01 g/mol, . Vapor Density = 0.967) bɛ se ka kɛ danfara ye tigitigi ni so fiɲɛ ye (28.97 g/mol) ani a bɛ wuli a daminɛ na ni funteni wulilen ye min bɛ bɔ tasuma na ka sɔrɔ ka ɲagami ɲɔgɔn na ninakili hakɛ la. Aw bɛ aw ka nizɛri min bɛ baara kɛ ni batiri ye, o bila CO monitor a ɲɛ/tabali nivo (1.0 to 1.5 meters / 3 to 5 feet ka bɔ duguma), ka ɲɛsin 1.5 to 3 meters (5 to 10 feet) ka yɔrɔ jan tasumabɔlan na (a kana kɛ ka ɲɛsin daga tobilen ka watara ma, i n’a fɔ 100% condensing steam bɛ se ka electrochimique sensor cellule nɔgɔ).

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Yɔrɔ 3nan : Deep-Dive baarakɛcogo sariyaw ka ɲɛsin sokɔnɔna tobilikɛcogo 4 lakananenw ma minnu bɛ kɛ ni kɔrɔtɔko ye¶

1. Sistɛmu A: Dietilɛni Glikɔli (DEG) & Etanɔli Chafing fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw (Sterno) .¶

A daminɛ na, a dabɔra lotɛli kɔnɔ dumunikɛyɔrɔw bufew kama ani so kɔnɔ baarakɛlaw ka wotoroninw kama, chafing fɛnɲɛnamafagalan minnu bɛ bidon kɔnɔ olu de ye fɛn ye min tɛ mɔgɔ tɔɔrɔ, min musaka ka dɔgɔ ($2 to $3 per can), tobilikɛminɛn kemikali min bɛ mara ka mɛn sow ni sow kama kuran tiɲɛni waati : - Wick-Type Dietilɛni Glikɔli (DEG) Bidonw (misali la, Sterno Green 6-Hour Wick Bidon walima Hollowick HD): - Kɔnɔnafɛnw 100% dietilɛni gilikɔli jilama min bɛ sama ka taa sanfɛ fibreglasi walima cotton wick fɛ. - Shelf Life: Bidon da wulibaliw bɛ mɛn 5 to 10+ years barisa DEG a tɛ wuli joona walima a tɛ faranfasi ni jeli ye i n’a fɔ dɔlɔ jeliw. - Mun na Tasumafagalanw ka fisa DEG Wick Cans So kɔnɔ: Ji DEG a bɛ ni flash point ( ) ye min ka bon (143°C / 290°F): ni aw ye nɛgɛso yeelenma dɔ fili ji la k’a ɲɛsin a ma DEG ni wikɛ tɛ , match bɛ ban . Ni sokɔnɔbagan walima denmisɛn dɔ ye bidon gosi ka bɔ tabali kan, nɛgɛ sanfɛla datugulen bɛ tasuma mana tasumabɔlan bali ani a ka c’a la, fiyɛli bɛ a yɛrɛ faga. - Ji tobi teliya la cogo min na ni wikɛminɛnw ye: Bufeti fiyɛlilan kelen bɛ labɛn walasa ka sumaya nɔgɔya la (-800 BTU/hr). Ka tobi 500 mL (2 cups) ji teliya la kafe kama, dumuni jalenw, walima suman, bila fila DEG wick cans kɛrɛfɛ jukɔrɔ heavy-gauge folding aluminium Sterno camp stove walima wire chafing stand ni datugulan bɛ i ka daga kan. - Etanɔli bidon minnu bɛ ni jeli ye (misali la, Sterno Pink/Green Lɛrɛ 2 Tobilikɛminɛnw): - A bɛ tasuma dɔ lase min ka suma ka tɛmɛ o kan (-1,500 to 1,800 BTU/hr) min dabɔra kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la ka kanpaɲi tasumabɔlanw foli, ka tobi 500 mL ka ji in 8 to 10 minutes. - Safe Extinguishing Rule: Aw kana fiyɛ abada Sterno bidon jenilen kan (fiyɛli bɛ se ka jeli jenilenw sɔgɔ). O nɔ na, ​​aw bɛ nɛgɛdaga flakɛlen datugulan (walima nɛgɛdaga duguma) sɔgɔ ka a kɛ bidon sanfɛla da la walasa ka oksizɛni tigɛ; tasuma bɛ sa segin 1 kɔnɔ. Aw bɛ miniti 15 makɔnɔ walasa nɛgɛdaga ka nɛnɛ pewu sani aw ka maga a la walima ka a dawolo siri kokura.

2. Sistɛmu B: Kasɛti butane tasumabɔlanw minnu bɛ so kɔnɔ (8 oz / 227 g Kanitɛriw) .¶

A bɛ kɛ don o don dumunikɛyɔrɔw tabali kan so kɔnɔ Zapɔn jamana bɛɛ la (Iwatani), Kore Dugu, ani Ameriki Woroduguyanfan ka dumuni kɛ ni bɔgɔdaga funteni ye, Cassette Butane Stove min bɛ se ka ta, o bɛ lase 7,000 to 12,000 BTU/hr (2,000 to 3,500 Watts ka funteni funteni), min bɛ bɛn sigida gazi tasumabɔlan dafalen ma. - Aw bɛ se ka a sɛgɛsɛgɛ cogo min na aw ka Butane tasumamugu bɛ seereya sɔrɔ tiɲɛ na so kɔnɔ: - Aw bɛ nɛgɛ kunnafonisɛbɛn lajɛ min sirilen bɛ tasumamugu farikolo kɔnɔ walima a kɛrɛ fɛ. A ka kan ka CSA (ANSI Z21.72 / . CSA 11.2), UL, walima CE/JIA seereyaw taamasiyɛn ani Over-Pressure Shutoff (OPSO / Pressure-Sensing Safety Governor) min bɛ butane bidon bɔ a yɛrɛma ka bɔ regulateur pin na ni bidon kɔnɔna tansiyɔn tɛmɛna 4 to 6 bar (60 to 85 PSI). - Ani fana, a ka fisa 8 oz (227 g) butane bidonw minnu bɛ taamasiyɛn kɛ ni ** ye .UL Listed ani CRV (Countersink Release Vent / Rim Vent Labɔli RVR)** notches around the top triple-seam rim, minnu bɛ a to degun tɛmɛnen ka fiɲɛbɔ kɛ ka ɲɛ sanni ka bidon kogo kari. - Butane kasɛti tasumamugu lakanani sariya 5 wajibiyalenw: 1. Aw kana baara kɛ abada ni pan, wok, walima nɛgɛ ye min bɛ kɛ ni Hollande foro ye (> 24 cm / 9.5 inches diameter) min bɛ jɛngɛ kininbolo fɛnɲɛnamafagalan datugulan kan. Pan minnu bɛ jɛngɛ sanfɛ, olu bɛ funteni yeelenma jira ka jigin ka taa aliminiyɔmu butane bidon finman kan, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka butane tasumabɔlan pɛrɛnni sababu #1 ye diɲɛ kɔnɔ. 2. Aw kana butane tasumamugu fila bila kɛrɛfɛ abada (keep at least 40 cm / 16 inches apart), ani aw kana butane tasumamugu bila tasumamugu sumalen kan abada. 3. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ tasuma ye 100% Crisp Blue: Ni tasuma kunw kɛra jɛman walima oranjɛ ye, so kɔnɔ oksizɛni bɛ jigin (aw bɛ finɛtiri da wuli ka bonya) walima fiɲɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalan ɲagaminen venturi min bɛ jenifɛn kunkolo jukɔrɔ, o datugulen don ni wuluwuluw/tulu ye (aw bɛ a jɔ ka a saniya, barisa butane tasuma jɛman bɛ bɔ farati la CO). 4. Aw bɛ Levier de Canister (UNLOCK / EJECT) Dumuni bɛɛ kɔfɛ teliya la: Aw kana ɲɛfɛla datugulan to abada ka digi duguma (LOCK / ENGAGED) n' i ye tobili kɛ ka ban . Ka levier wuli ka se ** ma.UNLOCK** farikolo la, a bɛ butane butɔni min bɛ ni ressort ye, o kɔsegin ka bɔ regulateur valve kɔnɔ walasa gazi zero ka se ka bɔ aw ka dumunikɛyɔrɔ kɔnɔ su kelen kɔnɔ. 5. Nɛnɛ-Tilemana Dantigɛli Butane (0°C / 32°F Tobilikɛyɔrɔ): n-butane saniyalen bɛ lafiɲɛbɔ dabila ni -0.5°C (+31°F) (ani a bɛ jigin fo ka se degun barikama ma duguma +5°C / 41°F). Ni aw ka so funteni bɔnɛna nɛnɛba la ani ni so kɔnɔ funteni bɛ jigin nɛnɛ kɛrɛfɛ, butane bidon min bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye, o bɛna degun bɔ. Aw bɛ aw ka butane bidon min tora, aw bɛ o bila kɔnɔna na finimugu kɔnɔ miniti 20 kɔnɔ walasa k’a sumaya ni farikolo funteni ye sani aw ka tobi (aw kana butane bidon sumaya abada ni tasuma ye, ni tasuma ye, walima ni ji tobilen ye).

3. Sistɛmu C: Raisonnikɛlanw tasuma tɛ minnu na (FRHs / . MRE Sofaw) & Oksizɛni kalisiyɔmu yɛrɛsɛnɛfɛnw¶

• MRE Flameless Ration Heaters bɛ baara kɛ cogo min na: Plastiki poroze fitinin dɔ min falen bɛ Magnesium-Iron alloy (95% Mg, 5% Fe) ani kɔgɔ ( .NaCl) bɛ a yɛrɛ kɛ kɛnɛma ni i ye ** bɔn .30 mL (1 ounce) ka ji jɛlen** fo ka se fasa sira ma, ka generating 100°C (212°F) wazi kɔnɔ kartɔn bololanɛgɛ dɔ kama 12 minutes tasuma walima gazi monoksidi si tɛ min na.
• Gazi Idrɔzɛni (H2) Sariya: Sabula kemikɛli wale (\(\text{Mg} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Mg(OH)}_2 + \text{H}_2\uparrow\)) bɛ hɔrɔnya 4.5 liters gazi idɔrɔzi saniyalen min bɛ se ka tasuma bɔ foroko kelen kɔnɔ, aw bɛ FRHw baara tuma bɛɛ finɛtiri karilen kɛrɛfɛ, aw kana foroko 2 ni kɔ baara abada siɲɛ kelen so fitinin kɔnɔ, ani aw bɛ matchiw, yeelenbɔlanw, ani sɔgɔlanw bɛɛ to yɔrɔ jan. Ni dumuni sumana, aw bɛ foroko funteni tɛmɛnen bila kɛnɛma walasa a ka nɛnɛ sani aw ka a fili.

4. Sistɛmu D: Tobili min bɛ kɛ ni funteni ye ("The Haybox / Wonderbag / Towel Cooler Trick") .¶

I bɛ tiga jalen tobi cogo di (20 minutes), pasta (12 minutes), woso, walima lenburuba ni miniti 2 dɔrɔn tasumabɔlan ye? 1. Aw bɛ aw ka ji ni tiga/pasta/sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ kɛ nɛgɛdaga gɛlɛn dɔ kɔnɔ min datugulen don kosɛbɛ. 2. Aw bɛ na ni daga ye ka rolling boil for just 1 to 2 minutes aw ka Sterno tasumabɔlan kan, butane jenifɛn kan, walima kuran induction plate kan walasa ji ni nɛgɛdaga funteni hakɛ ka se 100°C (212°F). 3. Aw bɛ tasumamugu OFF o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ (aw bɛ tulu hakɛ ni so kɔnɔ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw tigɛ ni... 75% to 85%). 4. Aw bɛ daga funteniman datugulen siri 100% bɔgɔlan na (aw kana wuluwulu sintetiki kɛ abada ka ɲɛsin daga duguma ma min bɛ jeni) ka a bila jikuru gɛlɛnw disi / nɛnɛbɔlan kɔnɔ min kɔnɔna ka gɛlɛn (walima aw k’a don sunɔgɔbagan kɔnɔ / kartɔn min falen bɛ barajuru la) ani ka nɛnɛ datugulan datugu fo 20 to 40 minutes. 5. Sabula ji min bɛ minɛn min kɔnɔ, o bɛ to o ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ 85°C and 98°C (185°F and 208°F) lɛri kelen ni kɔ kɔnɔ, amidonw bɛ jelatɛni kɛ ani farikolojɔli dumuniw bɛ tobi pewu fo ka se u dafalen ma ni zero faralen ye sɛnɛfɛnw kan minnu jeni.

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Sigidaw ka kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw ani baaradaw ka sariyaw¶

Ni mɔgɔ dɔ ye baga monoksidi baga taamasiɲɛw jira (kunkolodimi, ɲɛnamini, kɔnɔboli, hakili ɲagami, fari bilennen walima fari jɛman, walima farilajidɛsɛ) walima ni tobilikɛ jeninida donna a la dibi dontuma na, aw bɛ taa fiɲɛ ɲuman na ka taa kɔrɔtɔko baarakɛlaw fɛ joona:

• Amerika: Aw bɛ 911 wele walasa ka tasuma/EMS ci teliya la (100% oksizɛni tali), walima ka US Poison Control wele nin yɔrɔ la 1-800-222-1222. Aw ye laadilikanw labato minnu bɔra Amerika ka fɛnw lakanani jɛkulu fɛ (CPSC), NFPA, CDC, ani FEMA (Ready.gov). Sigida la CO alarmaw ka kan ka bɛn UL 2034 ma; butane tasumamugu minnu bɛ se ka ta so kɔnɔ, olu ka kan ka bɛn CSA / ANSI Z21.72 ma.
• Kanada: Aw bɛ 911 wele walima Poison Control telefɔni na 1-844-POISON-X (1-844-764-7669). Aw ye Health Canada ani CSA Group ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw lakanani sariyaw labato (CSA B149 / . CSA 11.2).
• Royaume-Uni: Aw bɛ telefɔni 999 walima 112 wele walasa ka anpulu/tasuma baarakɛlaw wele, walima aw bɛ National Gas Emergency Service wele nin telefɔni nin na 0800 111 999 ni aw ye gazi bɔli kasa mɛn. Aw ye tugu UK Kɛnɛya Lakanali Baarakɛda (UKHSA) ani Gaz Safe Register tobilikɛcogo ɲɛjirali. CO alarmaw ka kan ka BS EN 50291 (Kitemark).
• Erɔpu tɔnba: Aw bɛ diɲɛ bɛɛ ka kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔ wele 112. Gazi minɛn minnu bɛ se ka ta, olu ka kan ka EU ka Gazi minɛnw sariya (GAR (EU) 2016/426) ani EN 521, ani CO detektɛriw ka kan ka sariyaw labato ** .EN 50291-1**.
• Ɔsitarali ni Nuwɛlika: Aw bɛ se ka 000 (Ɔsitarali) walima 111 (New Zealand) wele, walima ka Poisons Information wele telefɔni nin na 13 11 26 (AU) / . 0800 764 766 (NZ). Ɔsitarali jamana na, butane "lunchbox" tobilikɛminɛn minnu bɛ se ka ta, olu ka kan ka AS 2658 ani jamana ka Energy Safe Victoria / Fair Trading NSW seereyaw sariyaw labato (tilelafana tobilikɛminɛn kɔrɔ caman minnu bɛ kɛ ni da kelen ye, ni u tɛ ni degun tɛmɛnen fila ye, olu dagalen don).
• Endi ani Azi Pasifiki: Ɛndujamana na, aw bɛ 112 wele furakɛli/tasuma kɔrɔtɔlenw kama walima 1906 ka ɲɛsin 24x7 GPL Kɔrɔtɔko bɔgɔbɔli dɛmɛni ma. Zapɔn (yɔrɔ min na kasɛti butane Konro tasuma-fanga-minɛnw ye dugukolo-yɛrɛyɛrɛ-kɛminɛnw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni sariya ye), aw ye ** sɛgɛsɛgɛ .PSLPG (JIA) lakana diamant taamasiyɛn**. Aw ye an ka diɲɛ kɔnɔ kunnafonisɛbɛn dafalen lajɛ nin yɔrɔ in na kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw.

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Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na¶

Yala ne bɛ se ka charbon birikiw jeni ne ka tasumabɔlan kɔnɔ so kɔnɔ ni simini damper da b’a la wa?¶

Kɔrɔtɔko tasumako ɲɛmɔgɔw ni **CDC / EPA bɛ lasɔmi kosɛbɛ ko aw kana charbon birikitiw jeni sigiyɔrɔ tasumabɔlan kɔnɔ min bɛ jiri jeni.** A tɛ i n’a fɔ tasumamugu tilalenw, minnu bɛ jeni ni tasuma janyalen ye min bɛ funteni wuli ka taa sanfɛ (`chimney draw`) ka sisi sama ka taa sanfɛ fɛnɲɛnamafagalan kɔnɔ, charbon brikɛtiw bɛ sisi ni teliya dɔgɔman ye ni convective updraft fitinin ye k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ carbon monoxyde (`CO`). Ni funteni mankan mankan tɛ yen walasa ka gaziw sama ka taa simini nɛnɛman na, gazi monokisidi kasa tɛ min na, o girinmanw bɛ bɔn nɔgɔya la ka bɔ tasumabɔlan na min bɛ da i ka so kɔnɔ k’a ɲɛsin i ka so kɔnɔ. Aw kana charbon jeni abada yɔrɔ si so kɔnɔ, tasumabɔlan kɔnɔ, walima garazi kɔnɔ.

Yala ne bɛ se ka tobili kɛ ne ka garazi nɔrɔlen kɔnɔ ni ne ye garazi da belebeleba da wuli sira bɛɛ fɛ wa?¶

Ayi, **CDC, CPSC, ani NFPA** ka sɛgɛsɛgɛliw y’a jira ko balawu kɔfɛ mɔgɔfaga sɛgɛsɛgɛliw kɛra, ka charbon gril, propane kanpaɲi tasumamugu, diden sɔgɔlan, walima jɛnɛratɛri baara garazi da wulilen kɔnɔ min sirilen don, o ye sababuba dɔ ye min bɛ du jamaba faga ni gazi monokisidi ye kuran tiɲɛni waati. Fiɲɛ min bɛ fiyɛ garazi da wulilen da la, o bɛ segin-ka-bɔ-yɔrɔ dɔ lawuli min bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ minɛ garazi kɔfɛ kogo la, ka gazi monokisidi wajibiya ka tɛmɛ kɔnɔna baarakɛyɔrɔ da la, sanfɛla jalen sɔgɔlenw fɛ, ani HVAC ductwork fɛ ka don ɲɛnamaya yɔrɔw la garazi sanfɛ ani a kɛrɛfɛ. Aw bɛ kɛnɛma tobilikɛminɛnw lamaga tuma bɛɛ kɛnɛma **mɛtɛrɛ 3 fo 6 (sen 10 fo 20) ni kɔ ani ka bɔ garazi sanfɛla la**.

Yala farati tɛ ka ji tobi walima ka suman sumaya ne ka so gazi nafama tasumabɔlan kan kuran tiɲɛni waati wa?¶

So fanba la, **ɔwɔ, sanfɛla jenifɛnw dɔrɔn de kama**, ni aw ye lakana fɛɛrɛ saba labato: fɔlɔ, aw bɛ dumunikɛyɔrɔ finɛtiri dɔ kari `2.5 to 5 centimeters (1 to 2 inches)` sabu aw ka kuran range hood exhaust fan tɛna boli ni kuran tɛ; filanan, aw bɛ batiri ka gazi monoksidi dɔnnikɛlan bila dumunikɛyɔrɔ la; ani sabanan, aw bɛ match walima piezo lighter jan yeelen **sanni** aw ka gazi jenifɛn da wuli walasa gazi jenibali kana dalajɛ. **Aw kana gazi foro walima gazi sanfɛla jenifɛnw kɛ abada** walasa ka aw ka so sumaya (`running a gas stove or oven continuously for hours for room heat builds up lethal carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide`), ani ni kuran lakanani solenoid bɛ aw ka bi gazi bɔyɔrɔ la min bɛ gazi bali ka woyo dibi dontuma na, aw kana nɛgɛbere waajibiya.

Danfara jumɛn bɛ "Sterno" Ethanol Gel bidonw ni Diethylene Glycol (DEG) Wiki bidonw?¶

U fila bɛɛ farati tɛ so kɔnɔ tobili kɔrɔtɔlen na ni u kɛra nɛgɛdaga ɲuman na walima chafing stand ni fiɲɛbɔlan jɔnjɔn bɛ min na, nka u bɛ kɛ cogo wɛrɛ la: **Etanɔli bidonw minnu bɛ ni jeli ye** (`Sterno Pink/Green Gel`, a ka c’a la `2-hour` jeni waati) dɔlɔ jeni min sirilen bɛ jeli matirili la, ka tasuma dɔ bɔ min ka bon, min ka suma (`-1,500+ BTU/hr`) min bɛ ji tobi joona, hali ni jeli bɛ se ka ja san damadɔ kɔnɔ ni a dawolo sɔgɔlen don ani ni a bɛ se ka bɔn ni a gosilen don ni minɛn tɛ a la. **Dietilɛni Glikɔli (`DEG`) Wiki bidonw** (a ka c’a la `4-hour` walima `6-hour` jeni waati ni sirilan yelen ye) ka ji min tɛ wuli fibreglasi fiyɛli fɛ; u bɛ jeni dɔɔni dɔɔni (`-800 to 1,000 BTU/hr`), **aw kana a labɔ abada marayɔrɔ la (`10-year shelf life`)**, ka nɛgɛ bidon farikolo nɛnɛ ka se a magali ma, wa a tɛna fɛnɲɛnamafagalan jenilen bɔn ni a wulila bala la.

Yala ne bɛ se ka dɔlɔ mugumugu kɛ (70% or 91% Isopropyl Alcohol) kɔnɔ DIY soda-ka dɔlɔ tasumabɔlan kɔnɔ so kɔnɔ?¶

**A tɛ kɛ abada.** Fɔlɔ, **Isopropyl alcohol (`C3H8O`, dɔlɔmugu)** cakɛda saba bɛ a la min bɛ jeni ni tasuma nɔgɔlen, jɛman, nɔgɔ ye min bɛ sisi nɛrɛma belebele bɔ ani **karɔbɔli monokisidi kɔrɔtalen (`CO`)** so kɔnɔ (a tɛ i n’a fɔ saniya-jeni `Denatured Ethanol`). Filanan, da wulilen DIY soda-can dɔlɔ tasumabɔlanw bɛ dɔlɔ jilama fu minɛ ni flash point dɔgɔman ye (`12°C / 54°F`). So kɔnɔ, aw bɛ **jagokɛyɔrɔ datugulen dɔrɔn kɛ min tɛ se ka bɔn `DEG` wiki bidonw, jagokɛla ka etanɔli bidonw minnu dilannen don ni jeli ye nɛgɛ jɔlan sabatilen kɔnɔ, walima a `CSA/UL`-list kasɛti butane tasuma**.

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Gafe minnu bɛ tali kɛ o ko la¶

• Gazi monoksidi baga
• Cuisini tulu ni tobili tasuma
• Kuran sɛnɛyɔrɔ minnu bɛ se ka ta (LiFePO4), batiri kɔkannafɛnw, ani bololabaarakɛlaw ka fɛnw jiginni sɛgɛsɛgɛli
• Dumuni marali waati jan kɔnɔ, Mylar bɔrɔw, ani kalori hakɛ labɛnni
• Jenitɛri lakanani
• Kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw

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Sosow ani ɲɛmɔgɔyaso ka bilasiralikan¶

• Banaw kɛlɛli ni u kunbɛnni baaradaw (CDC, Etazuni): Monoksidi de carbone (CO) Baga kunbɛnni balawu kɔfɛ: Mun na charbon grilles ni kanpaɲi tasuma man kan ka kɛ so kɔnɔ abada (cdc.gov/carbon-monoxide) ye.
• Amerika ka fɛnw lakanani jɛkulu (CPSC) & Fasokanw ka tasuma lakanani jɛkulu (NFPA): Tobilikɛminɛn minnu bɛ se ka ta ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalan ye, olu lakanani, UL 2034 Carbon Monoxide Alarm Response Times, ani Cuisini tasuma kunbɛnni.
• CSA Group & Ameriki jamana ka sariyasunba (ANSI Z21.72 / . CSA 11.2): Standard for Portable Type Gaz Camp stoves ani Butane Cassette stoves minnu bɛ ni Over-Pressure Shutoff ye (OPSO) Minɛnw.
• Diɲɛ kɛnɛyatɔn (OMS) & Jamana ka baarakɛyɔrɔ lakanani ni kɛnɛyako baarada (NIOSH): OMS ka laadilikanw ka ɲɛsin so kɔnɔ fiɲɛ hakɛ ma: Nɔgɔ sugandilenw (Carbon Monoxide 15-Minute, 1-Hour, and 8-Hour Exposure Limits) ani NIOSH Pocket Guide (CO REL 35 ppm / Pilafɔn 200 ppm / IDLH ye 1,200 ppm) ye.
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) & American Red Cross: Dumuni ni Ji Kɔrɔtɔko la: So kɔnɔ sumaya lakananen ni Chafing fɛnɲɛnamafagalan bidon kɔnɔ (Sterno) ani Tobilikɛbaliya bolodacogo.