Microbursts jilama ni jalenw: Fiɲɛ jiginni barikama ni kɛnɛma jɔli binni¶

Hali ni fɔɲɔba bɛ jama hakili sama k’a sababu kɛ u ka funteni sankaba yetaw ye, microburst ye fiɲɛ jigintɔ kulu ye min bɛ sigida la, min bɛ fariya (downdraft) min bɛ jigin ka bɔ sanpɛrɛn na ka wuli ka bɔ sanpɛrɛn na, ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ duguma i n’a fɔ ji min bɛ fili ka bɔ daga wulilen na, ka fiɲɛ bila kɛnɛma ka wuli ka taa fan bɛɛ fɛ ka tɛmɛn bɔgɔdaga yɔrɔ dɔ kan min bonya ye kilomɛtɛrɛ 1 fo 2,5 ye. A bɛ boli sanji nɛnɛ barikama fɛ ani sanbɛlɛ min bɛ wuli cɛmancɛ fiɲɛ jalen kɔnɔ, o ni sanji girinya min bɛ jigin (water loading), mikroburst jugu bɛ bɔli fiɲɛ tilennenw lawuli minnu bɛ se kilomɛtɛrɛ 160 fo 240+ ma lɛrɛ kɔnɔ (100 fo 150+ mph)**, o bɛ bɛn tiɲɛni fanga ma ni EF-2 walima EF-3 fɔɲɔba ye. Sabula mikorobɔri bɛ sɔrɔ ka gosi dugukolo kan min tɛ miniti 5 fo 8 bɔ, ani bawo mikorobɔri jalenw bɛ gosi ni sanji si ma se dugukolo ma (virga), kɛnɛma seliw kɛyɔrɔw, kɔɲɔ ni sirku fanibugubaw, jɔli sɛnɛyɔrɔw, kurunbonkariyɔrɔw, kamiyɔnbaw, ani fɛnmarayɔrɔw sanfɛla minnu ka bon, olu bɛ bin ni lasɔmini zeru ye. Ni sanpɛrɛn tiɲɛni lasɔmini kɛra walima ni aw ye "sanji sen" kurulen ye walima buguri bololanɛgɛ min bɛ ka bonya, o bɛ boli ka taa aw fan fɛ, aw bɛ so kɔnɔ dogoyɔrɔ barikama ɲini joona, aw bɛ aw ka sigida wele kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw ka ɲɛsin jɔli minɛnw ma walima kuran sira minnu binna, ani ka an ka ɲɛjirabagaw ɲininka o kan derechos ani fiɲɛbɔlanw tilennenw, . fɔɲɔba minnu bɛ wele ko tornado, . bouncy castle ani fanibugu fiɲɛ wulicogo, ani kurunbokari kasaaraw.

Aw bɛ o kɛ sisan¶

1. Aw bɛ kɛnɛma fanibuguw, fanibuguw, paviliyɔnw, bouncy castles, ani waati dɔɔnin fɔlikɛyɔrɔw bɔ yen joona ni sanpɛrɛn o sanpɛrɛn gɛrɛla kilomɛtɛrɛ 15 kɔnɔ: Fɛti fanibugu minnu bɛ kɛ karamɔgɔya la, seli fanibuguw, ani waati dɔɔnin aliminiyɔmu-truss kɔnsɛri sow, a ka c’a la, fiɲɛ bɛ se ka kɛ kilomɛtɛrɛ 50 fo 80 dɔrɔn na lɛrɛ kɔnɔ (31 fo 50 mph). Microburst min bɛ kilomɛtɛrɛ 160 bɔ lɛrɛ kɔnɔ, o bɛ fanibugu jiriw tigɛ ka bɔ duguma, ka nɛgɛbere girinmanw ni yeelenbɔlanw fili jama kan segin 10 kɔnɔ.
2. Aw ye sankolo lajɛ sankaba basigilen jukɔrɔ walasa ka mikroburst (Rain Foot ani Virga Dust Ring): Aw bɛ sanjiba walima sanbɛlɛba dibiman dɔ ɲini, min tɛ ye, min bɛ dugukolo gosi ka kuru ka bɔ kɛnɛma i n’a fɔ waraba sen (a wet microburst rain foot), walima sanji rido wispy minnu bɛ lafiɲɛ fiɲɛ cɛmancɛ la buguri fiyɛlen bololanɛgɛ lamininen dɔ sanfɛ min bɛ ka bonya duguma (a dry microburst). I bɛ segin 60 fo 180 bɔ sani bɔli vortex ka gosi.
3. Aw bɛ dogo boon banbali kɔnɔ, min barika ka bon, a bɛ duguma, ka yɔrɔ jan finɛtiriw la, jiri janw na, ani so sanfɛlanw na minnu ka bon: I n’a fɔ fɔɲɔba dogoyɔrɔ cogo kelen na, aw bɛ taa kɔnɔna na, sanuyaso walima dugujukɔrɔyɔrɔ la. Aw kana aw dogo abada farikoloɲɛnajɛyɔrɔba kɔnɔ, min bɛ kɛsu belebelebaw kɔnɔ, awiyɔnw bilayɔrɔ, walima kabakurunw marayɔrɔ kɔnɔ, n’a sanfɛla nɛgɛw ni a kogow bɛ se ka wuli walima ka bin ka don kɔnɔna na, fiɲɛ doni kɔrɔ min bɛ se kilomɛtɛrɛ 200 ma lɛrɛ kɔnɔ.
4. Aw kana dogoyɔrɔ ɲini abada mobili jɔlen kɔnɔ jiriw jukɔrɔ walima nafamafɛnw kɛrɛfɛ: Microbursts bɛ jiribolo kɔgɔlen ba caman ni bɛton/jiri nafamafɛnw tigɛ ka u kɛ fla ye sira kelen fɛ min bɛ bɔ ɲɔgɔn na. Oak walima pinin jiribolo min bɛ bin, o bɛ mɔbili kɔnɔmɔgɔw ka mobili kɔnɔna sɔgɔ ka kɛ sigilanw ye.
5. Ni aw minɛna kurun kɔnɔ walima kurunboli yɔrɔ la ni mikroburst ye aw gosi, aw bɛ ɲɛnamaya jakite don (PFD) o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ, aw bɛ ankɔri walima kunkolo biri fiɲɛ na ni teliya ye min tɛ baara kɛ, ani ka to duguma kurunba kan: Microbursts bɛ fiɲɛ funteni jigin ni degere 10 fo 15 ye sekɔndi 30 kɔnɔ ani ka fiyɛlilan fiyentɔw kɔrɔta, min bɛ fiyentɔya kɛ, min bɛ kurunbaw, kurunba pontoonw, ani kayakw wuli o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ la.
6. Aw ka aw yɔrɔ janya nɛgɛw bɛɛ la minnu binna, nɛgɛ kogow, ani sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlanw tiɲɛnenw fiɲɛ fiyɛli min bɛ kɛ miniti 5 fo miniti 15 kɔnɔ, o bannen kɔfɛ: Mikorobɔriw bɛ to ka fanga sɔrɔlenw to ni tensionba ye, ka u siri jiribolo ɲiginnenw na ani nɛgɛ cakɛda kogow la kilomɛtɛrɛ 3 kɔnɔ.

Desizɔn jiri : Microburst yecogo dɔnni ani teliya la dogoyɔrɔ¶

flowchart TD
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    CurrentLoc -->|"Tenti, Canopy, Concert Stage, Scaffolding walima Golf Course jukɔrɔ"| RunBuilding["ABANDON TENT/STAGE IMMEDIATELY: Boli ka kɛ boon sabatilen kɔnɔ min barika ka bon (I kana to fanibugu jukɔrɔ abada walima jiriw kɛrɛfɛ)"]
    CurrentLoc -->|"So walima Biro dɔ kɔnɔ"| RoomChoice["Aw bɛ taa duguma so kɔnɔ min ka jan finɛtiriw la ani ka yɔrɔ jan sow la minnu sirilen bɛ kɛnɛba jiri janw kan"]
    CurrentLoc -->|"Gymnasium kɔnɔ, Warehouse kɔnɔ, Big-Box Store kɔnɔ, walima Hangar kɔnɔ"| AvoidSpan["Aw bɛ Wide-Span Roof Area to yen; Aw bɛ aw dogo Lafiɲɛbɔyɔrɔ la min barika ka bon, Eskala min bɛ kɛ ni bɛton ye, walima kɔnɔna na"]
    CurrentLoc -->|"Kurun / Lake / Marina kan"| BoatAction["Don Life Jackets O yɔrɔnin bɛɛ; Jiginni Sails/Bimini Sanfɛ; Point Bow Into Wind ni teliya dɔɔni walima Drop Anchor; Jigin Marina Docks Flotant"]
    CurrentLoc -->|"Ka bolifɛn boli siraba kan walima ka baara kɛ Crane/Bucket Truck kɔnɔ"| VehicleAction["Grue/Aerial Bucket Jiginni Yɔrɔnin kelen; Ka kamiyɔnba sama ka bɔ sira kan ka bɔ jiriw ni tɛmɛsira kan; To Buckled la"]
    RunBuilding --> PostBlast["Aw bɛ miniti 15 makɔnɔ fo Outflow Vortex ka tɛmɛ; Aw ye aw janto kuran siraw jigintɔw la ani Spring-Pole jiriw kɔrɔtalenw na"]
    RoomChoice --> PostBlast
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Meteorologie et physique: Sanpɛrɛn bɛ "tornado upside-down" dɔ fili cogo min.¶

Jiginni ni fɛn fitininw ka fiziki sɔrɔla san 1970 ni 1980 waatiw la sanjiba juguw ɲininikɛla tɔgɔba fɛ Dr. T. Theodore Fujita (Fujita Tornado Scale dabɔbaa), min ye sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ mun na jagokɛlaw ka awiyɔnw tun bɛ ka bin u ka taama laban na sanfiɲɛ waatiw la ani mun na kungo tiɲɛni sɛgɛsɛgɛliw kɛra sanfɛ, olu y’a jira ko jiriw fiyɛra ka jigin dolow bɔli cogo la min bɛ yeelen bɔ kɛnɛma ka bɔ cɛmancɛ yɔrɔ dɔ la sanni u ka tigɛli kɛ ka kɛ sɛrɛkili ye.

1. Macroburst ni Microburst ka ɲɛfɔliw¶

Waati dɔnnikɛlaw bɛ jiginɛw (convective downbursts) danfara ka kɛɲɛ n’u ka sanfɛla fiɲɛ senna-tɛgɛrɛ tiɲɛnenw cɛmancɛ ye:

• Macroburst: Jiginni jugumanba min fiɲɛ tiɲɛni bɛ jɛnsɛn yɔrɔ la a bonya ka ca ni kilomɛtɛrɛ 4 ye, a bɛ mɛn miniti 5 fo 30 ni fiɲɛ bɛ se kilomɛtɛrɛ 215 ma sanga kɔnɔ.
• Microburst: Jiginni min bɛ kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ mɔgɔ faga, n’a bɔli senna-tɛgɛrɛ ye kilomɛtɛrɛ 4 walima a dɔgɔyalen ye, a fanga bɛ se a dan na miniti 2 fo miniti 5 ni vortex ring fiɲɛw bɛ se ka se 240 fo 270 km/h (150 fo 168 mph).

2. Motɛri thermodynamique: Nɛnɛ min bɛ kɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalan ye, sanbɛlɛ min bɛ wuli, ani ji doni¶

Sanfiɲɛba dɔ kɔnɔ min bɛ wele ko cumulonimbus sanfiɲɛba, sanjiba dɔ bɛ sanji jilama tɔni miliyɔn caman jɔ ani jikuruw sanbɛlɛ minnu bɛ sanfɛ cɛmancɛ troposphère (mɛtɛrɛ 4000 fo 9000 / mɛtɛrɛ 13000 fo 30000 duguma). Microburst bɛ daminɛ ni jiginɛ fanga saba barika banna ka o wulicogo in degun:

1. Sanjiba doni (Water/Hail Loading): Sanjiba ni sanbɛlɛba min sirilen bɛ san fɛ, o kɔnɔna girinyaba bɛ daminɛ ka fiɲɛ sama ka taa duguma.
2. Fɔɲɔ dogolen (Fɔli ni wuli): Ni sanji ni sanbɛlɛ bɛ bin ka kɛ fiɲɛ jalen, min tɛ fa ye ka don sankaba cɛmancɛ walima a da la, jikuruw bɛ teliya ka jibɔ ka kɛ ji lafiɲɛ ye (absorbing 2.5 million Joules of heat per kilogram of water) ani jikuruw melt (absorbing 334,000 Joules per kilogram).
3. Negative buoyancy plunge: Nin fasa caman cili teliya in bɛ fiɲɛ jigintɔ nɛnɛ ni degere 10 fo 20 ye (degere 18 fo 36 Fahrenheit) ka tɛmɛ samiyɛ fiɲɛ sumalen kan min bɛ sankaba lamini. Ikomi fiɲɛ nɛnɛ ka bon kosɛbɛ wa a ka gɛlɛn ka tɛmɛ fiɲɛ sumalen kan, o fiɲɛ nɛnɛma in, sanji bɛ min na, o bɛ kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ wuli cogo jugu la, wa a bɛ teliya ka jigin ka taa dugukolo fan fɛ i n’a fɔ plɔmu girinya, ka se jigin teliya jɔlen ma min bɛ se 60 fo 100+ km/h (37 fo 62+ mph) sani a ka dugukolo gosi dɔrɔn.

3. Dugukolo sɔgɔli ani Horizontal Vortex Ring (Mun na fiɲɛ bɛ kɛ siɲɛ fila nbɛdaw la) .¶

Ni nin fiɲɛ nɛnɛma jigintɔ in ye dugukolo gɛlɛn gosi, a tɛ se ka don dugujukɔrɔ, o la a bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ ni fanga ye kɛnɛma degere 360 bɛɛ la:

• Fiɲɛ nɛnɛman min bɛ ka bonya, o ɲɛfɛla la, sɔgɔsɔgɔ ni dugukolo bɛ bɔyɔrɔ wuli ka kɛ vortex horizontal vortex ring ye min bɛ girin kosɛbɛ (rotor) min janya bɛ se mɛtɛrɛ 300 fo mɛtɛrɛ 1000 ma (sen 1000 fo 3300).
• Nin jirisunba in min bɛ wuli ka wuli, o duguma da kɔnɔ, mɛtɛrɛ 5 fo 50 dɔrɔn (sen 15 fo 165) duguma sow, jiriw, fanibuguw ani kuran siraw jɔlen bɛ yɔrɔ min na, bɔli teliya bɛ fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni vortex jiginni jiginni ye walasa ka fiɲɛ tilennen tilennenw teliya fo 160 fo 240+ km/h (100 fo 150+ mph) ye.
• Bernoulli suction and stagnation pressure at the vortex nose: Ikomi fiɲɛ teliya min bɛ rotor horizontal core sirilen kɔnɔ, o ka bon kosɛbɛ k’a sɔrɔ static pressure bɛ jigin, vortex tɛmɛnen bɛ aerodynamique lift barikama kɛ sanfɛ so flaw kan, porch overhangs, ani canopies kan waati kelen tigitigi la ni horizontal ram pressure (stagnation pressure) bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ kogo jɔlenw ni pankartiw kan.

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Sanga: Microbursts jilamaw ni Microbursts jalenw ni Tornadow¶

Ka kɛɲɛ ni aw ka mara kɔnɔ fiɲɛ duguma nɛnɛ hakɛ ye, mikroburstw bɛ yecogo fila ta minnu tɛ kelen ye kosɛbɛ:

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Mikorobɔri yecogo min bɛ sankolo la miniti 2 sani a ka gosi¶

Ikomi waati rada bɛ fiɲɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛ ni volume sweeps ye min bɛ miniti 2 fo 5 ta ka ban, microburst bɛ se ka kɛ sanfɛ, ka jigin duguma, ka sigida dɔ kɛ fla ye rada sɛgɛsɛgɛliw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ. Ni i ye sankolo kalan dege samiyɛ sanfiɲɛba jukɔrɔ, o bɛ segin 60 fo 180 nafama di i ma, i ka kan ka boli so kɔnɔ.

1. Spotting a Wet Microburst: Sanji bololanɛgɛ min bɛ jigin ani "Sanji sen".¶

1. The suspended white/grey core: Aw bɛ a lajɛ samiyɛ sanfiɲɛba dɔ basigilen dibiman fla jukɔrɔ. Mikorobɔri ɲiginnen bɛ daminɛ ni sanjiba ni sanbɛlɛba bololanɛgɛ belebeleba dɔ, min ka fin kosɛbɛ walima min ɲɛ ye nɛrɛmuguma ye, o barika banna ka jigin sankaba da jukɔrɔ i n’a fɔ alifanta min bɛ jigin ka taa duguma.
2. Sanji sen min bɛ kurukuru: Sanjiba jɔlen bɛ dugukolo gosi waati min na (a ka c’a la, a ni i cɛ ye kilomɛtɛrɛ 2 fo 5 ye), i bɛna a ye ko sanji rido bɛ wuli ka taa kɛnɛma ka kɛɲɛ ni dugukolo ye, ka a bɛ kuru ka taa san fɛ a ɲɛfɛla la i n’a fɔ jikuruba min bɛ kari walima sanbara min wulilen don (the rain foot).
3. Mun na kurukuru nafa ka bon: O dawolo min bɛ kuru sanfɛ, n’o ye sisi finman ni sanji ye, o ye 180 km/h horizontal vortex ring bolicogo yelen ye min bɛ boli ka ɲɛsin i ma duguma. Aw bɛ aw dogo so kɔnɔ joona.

2. Spotting a Dry Microburst: Virga basigilenba ani buguri bololanɛgɛ min bɛ bonya¶

Tlebi walima farafinna waati jalenw na (walima samiyɛ funteni jalen waatiw la), mikrobɔri jalenw bɛ lafili kosɛbɛ bawo a ka c’a la sanpɛrɛn tɛ yen, sanpɛrɛn tɛ yen, ani sanfiɲɛ sankaba nɛrɛma dibiman tɛ yen:

1. A ɲini Virga (Sanji rido minnu bɛ wuli): Sanfɛ sankolo la, sankaba cɛmancɛ la, cumulus walima altocumulus sankaba dɔ jukɔrɔ min bɛ i n’a fɔ kojugu tɛ, sanji walima nɛnɛ rido jɛmanw (virga) bɛ taama ka jigin ka tunun ka kɛ fiɲɛ finman ye kilomɛtɛrɛ 1 fo 2 duguma.
2. Kolo yebali: Hali ni sanji-jiw wulila pewu, fiɲɛ koloma min nɛnɛna o bɔgɔbɔgɔli fɛ, o bɛ taa a fɛ ka jigin cogo yebali la ni kilomɛtɛrɛ 80 ye sanga kɔnɔ ni fiɲɛ jɛlen ye min bɛ virga jukɔrɔ.
3. Buguri bololanɛgɛ min bɛ bonya: Ni o nɛnɛ koloma yebali ye dugukolo jalen, sɛnɛyɔrɔ walima jɔli nɔgɔ gosi, a bɛ buguri bulama **bololanɛgɛ lamininen dɔ fili san fɛ min bɛ bonya joona ka taa kɛnɛma ni kilomɛtɛrɛ 120 fo 160 ye lɛrɛ kɔnɔ (75 fo 100 mph). N’i ​​ye kogo walima buguri bololanɛgɛ dɔ ye min bɛ ka wuli virga sankaba wispy jukɔrɔ, i ka kɛnɛma fanibuguw, sɛgɛnlafiɲɛbɔlanw, kurunw ani so sanfɛlanw bɛɛ bila o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ.

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Jagokɛyɔrɔw ka dɛsɛ ani ɲɛnamaya ka kɛɲɛ ni yɔrɔ ye¶

1. Kɛnɛma ko minnu bɛ kɛ: Fanibuguw, marquees, inflatables ani stade rigging¶

• Mun na sɔgɔli tɛ dɛsɛ: Kɔɲɔ walima seli fanibugu belebeleba min janya ye mɛtɛrɛ 12 ni mɛtɛrɛ 24 ye, o bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ parachute kurunba belebeleba. Ni mikrobɔrɔsi min bɛ kilomɛtɛrɛ 150 bɔ lɛrɛ kɔnɔ, o ye fanibugu kɛrɛ gosi ka girin ka kɛ jirisunba jukɔrɔ, aerodynamique wulicogo bɛ Newton ba tan ni tan wulicogo jɔlen lawuli, ka fanibugu nɛgɛbere minnu janya ye mɛtɛrɛ 1 ye, olu sama ka bɔ dugukolo ɲiginnen na ka ɲɛ ani ka cɛmancɛ bere girinmanw tigɛli kɛ tamaw ye minnu bɛ pan.
• Bouncy castles and inflatable slides: Denmisɛnw ka fiɲɛbɔlanw minnu ma jɔ walima minnu bɛ sɔgɔ nɔgɔya la, olu bɛ kɔrɔta ka taa fiɲɛ na fo mɛtɛrɛ 15 fo 50 (sen 50 fo 165) ni mikroburst jalenw ye hali tilegan fɛ ni virga bɛ kilomɛtɛrɛ damadɔ bɔ. Aw bɛ fiɲɛ bila fiɲɛbɔlanw bɛɛ la ani ka u bɔ u la tuma o tuma ni fiɲɛ bɛ tɛmɛ 30 fo 40 km/h (19 fo 25 mph) kan walima ni sanpɛrɛn/virga o sanpɛrɛn bɛ kilomɛtɛrɛ 15 kɔnɔ.
• Gran jɔli, sanfɛlan bucket lifts, ani échafaudage: Sankanso gru ka kan ka bila cogo la min bɛ kɛ ni free-weathervane mode ye (slewing brake released) sanni jikuruba dɔ ka se, ani baarakɛlaw minnu bɛ swing-stages suspended, scissor lifts, walima tubular scaffolding kan, olu ka kan ka jigin duguma ka don boon kɔnɔna na o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ ni virga walima sanfiɲɛ selilɛri gɛrɛla kilomɛtɛrɛ 15 kɔnɔ.

2. Jagokɛyɔrɔ minnu ka bon ni sigiyɔrɔw ye¶

• Aw k’aw yɛrɛ tanga so sanfɛlanw ma minnu janya ka bon: Kesu belebelebaw feereyɔrɔw, lakɔliso farikoloɲɛnajɛyɔrɔw, fɛnw tilayɔrɔw, sɛnɛfɛnw marayɔrɔw, ani awiyɔnw bilayɔrɔw, olu bɛ u jigi da nɛgɛbere janw kan minnu ka nɔgɔn, minnu bɛ mɛtɛrɛ 30 fo 60 (sen 100 fo 200) bɔ, kɔnɔna dɛmɛnanw tɛ minnu na. Ni mikroburst ka vortex horizontal bɛ woyo so flan belebeleba dɔ kan ka fiyɛ ka bɔ doni bilayɔrɔ da belebele dɔ la min bɛ wuli ka wuli walima hangari da, kɔnɔna fiɲɛ jɔli tansiyɔn bɛ fara kɛnɛma so sanfɛla sumaya kan walasa ka so sanfɛla bɛɛ bɔ ani ka bɛton-block min ma barika bonya (CMU) walima kogo minnu bɛ kɔrɔta ka taa kɔnɔna na.
• Sigiyɔrɔ garazi daw: Dugu kɔkan so dɔ kɔnɔ, garazi da fila belebeleba ye jɔli panɛri barikama ye. Aw bɛ garazi da tugu ni sanfiɲɛba surunyara, ani ka aw dogo duguma kɔnɔna na walima sanuyaso la min yɔrɔ ka jan garazi la ani ka yɔrɔ janya sugolanw na minnu bɛ kɛnɛba jiri kɔgɔlenw jukɔrɔ.

3. Aviyɔn ni kɔgɔji fiɲɛ-sɔgɔli ɲɛnamaya¶

• Mun na mikroburstw bɛ mɔgɔ faga awiyɔnw ma (Headwind-to-Tailwind Shear): Ni awiyɔn bɛ pan ka tɛmɛ mikroburst fɛ yɔrɔ la min ka dɔgɔ (mɛtɛrɛ 300 / mɛtɛrɛ 1000 duguma a wuli walima a jigintuma na), a bɛ fɔlɔ ka bɔn ɲɛfɛ fiɲɛ gosi (o bɛ fiɲɛ teliya bonya waati kunkurunnin kɔnɔ ani ka kɛ sababu ye ka awiyɔn bolila ka motɛri fanga dɔgɔya walima ka jigin), o kɔfɛ a bɛ pan ka don central vertical downdraft kɔnɔ (a bɛ bin ni 3,000+ feet ye miniti kelen kɔnɔ), ani seconds later exits into a 100-knot tailwind that instantly robs the wings of 60 to 90 knots of indicated airspeed, stalling the aircraft into the ground. Bi awiyɔnbonda bɛ baara kɛ ni Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) ani Fiɲɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ kɔlɔsili siraw (LLWAS) ka wuli ni jiginɛw jɔ tuma o tuma ni microburst fiɲɛ sɔgɔli kɔlɔsira.
• Kurun misɛnninw, kurunba, ani kurunba minnu bɛ kɛ kɔw kan: Microburst min bɛ kɔ tigɛ, o bɛ gosi i n’a fɔ sanfiɲɛba kogo min bɛ kɛ yɔrɔnin kelen, ka jikuruw karilenw wuli minnu janya bɛ se mɛtɛrɛ 1,5 fo 2,5 ma segin 60 kɔnɔ, ka yecogo jigin fiyɛli tilennen na fo ka se zeru ma. Ni aw tɛ se ka jigin ji la sani sanji sen ka se, aw bɛ ɲɛnamaya-ji-minɛnw don (PFDs) o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ, ka kurunba ni kanpaɲi bimini sanfɛla bɛɛ fili, ka kabini dakunw bɛɛ datugu, ka ankɔri bila ka bɔ kurunba la ni skɔpi jan ye (5:1 fo 7:1) walima ka motɛri to a ka baara kɛ walasa ka kurunba minɛ ni degere 45 ye fiɲɛ ni jikuruw la fo miniti 10 fiɲɛ ka tɛmɛ.

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Sigidaw ka kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw ani baaradaw ka sariyaw¶

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Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na¶

Ne bɛ se k’a dɔn cogo di ni fiɲɛ tiɲɛni kɛra microburst walima tornado fɛ?¶

Jamana ka waati baarada ka sanfiɲɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛlikɛlaw bɛ danfara don mikroburst ni fɔɲɔba la, u kɛtɔ ka jiriw, taamasiyɛnw ani kogow binna yɔrɔ min na tiɲɛni sira kan, olu kariti kɛ. Fɔɲɔba ye jikuru ye min bɛ wuli ni fanga ye, min bɛ fiɲɛ sama ka don a kɔnɔ, ka sira fitinin dɔ to yen min bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ, jiri binna yɔrɔ min na, u bɛ jɛgɛn ka ɲɔgɔn cɛ sira wɛrɛw fɛ. Microburst ye jiginɛ ye min bɛ jigin, min bɛ dugukolo gosi ka pɛrɛn ka taa kɛnɛma, ka "dolow bɔli danfaralen" cogoya dɔ to yen min ka bon kosɛbɛ, jiriw ni nafamafɛnw bɛɛ bɛ fiyɛ yɔrɔ min na, layini tilennenw na minnu bɛ pan ka bɔ kɛnɛma ka bɔ cɛmancɛ gosi yɔrɔ dɔ la.

Yala tiɲɛ na, microburst bɛ se ka barika sɔrɔ i n’a fɔ fɔɲɔba wa?¶

Ɔwɔ, hali n’a y’a sɔrɔ ko mikrobɔri tɛ bɛn EF-4 walima EF-5 fɔɲɔba farinyalen fiɲɛw ma kilomɛtɛrɛ 320+ lɛrɛ kɔnɔ, mikrobɔri barikama bɛ to ka fiɲɛ tilennenw lawuli kilomɛtɛrɛ 160 ni 240+ cɛ lɛrɛ kɔnɔ (100 fo 150+ mph), ni mikrobɔri barikama min sɛbɛnna Andrews Air Force Base la san 1983 a bɛ se kilomɛtɛrɛ 240 ma lɛrɛ kɔnɔ (149,5 mph). O fiɲɛ teliya bɛ bɛn EF-2 walima EF-3 fɔɲɔba barikama ma, wa a fanga ka bon kosɛbɛ walasa ka awiyɔnw wuli, ka okɛ jiri kɔgɔlen kɛmɛ caman wuli, ka sow sanfɛla tigɛ, ani ka sow bin minnu dilannen don ni kabakurunw ye minnu ma barika sɔrɔ.

"Dry microburst" ye mun ye ani fiɲɛ fagalenw bɛ se ka gosi cogo di ni sanji yɛrɛ tɛ na?¶

Microburst jalen bɛ kɛ ni sanpɛrɛn bɛ kɛ sanfɛ fiɲɛ funteniman dɔ sanfɛ, min jalen don i n’a fɔ kolo (a ka ca Ameriki Tlebi fɛ, High Plains ani Ɔsitarali kɔnɔna na). Ni sanji ni sanbɛlɛ bɛ bɔ sankaba sanfɛla la ka don fiɲɛ jalen na min bɛ duguma, sanjijiw bɛ wuli pewu sani u ka se duguma (u bɛ kɛ wispy streaks ye sankolo la min bɛ wele ko virga). Nka, n’i y’o ji wuli, o bɛ funteni caman minɛ, ka fiɲɛ nɛnɛ ka kɛ bɔrɔ nɛnɛba ye min ka bon, min bɛ bin duguma cogo la min tɛ ye, ka pɛrɛn kɛnɛma ni kilomɛtɛrɛ 120 fo 160+ ye lɛrɛ kɔnɔ tile fɛ walima sankaba dɔɔni sankolo la k’a sɔrɔ sanji kelen ma se siraba kan.

"Sanji sen" ye mun ye mikroburst ɲiginnen na?¶

Ni mikroburst ɲiginnen dɔ ka kuluba min falen bɛ sanjiba ni fiɲɛ nɛnɛman na, o bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ ka taa duguma, fiɲɛ min falen bɛ sanji la, o bɛ wuli ka taa kɛnɛma ni kilomɛtɛrɛ 130 ni kɔ ye sanga kɔnɔ. Kɔrɔbɔli ni dugukolo ye, o bɛ o sanji-sɛbɛn jɛgɛlen ɲɛfɛla Wajibiya k’a Yɛlɛma ka Taa san fɛ ka Kɛ jirisunba ye min bɛ firifiri, min bɛ i n’a fɔ yɔrɔjan i n’a fɔ sanji rido dibiman min bɛ wuli ka taa kɛnɛma ka kurukuru duguma i n’a fɔ hadamaden sen walima waraba sen. Ni aw ye sanji sen dɔ ye min bɛ kuru ka bɔ kɛnɛma sanfiɲɛ jukɔrɔ, o kɔrɔ ye ko fiɲɛ juguw bɛna i sigiyɔrɔ gosi miniti 1 fo miniti 3 kɔnɔ.

Mun na n ka telefɔni pɛrɛnna ni sirene kɔrɔtɔlen ye walasa ka Sanpɛrɛn jugu Lakɔlɔsili kɛ k’a sɔrɔ fɔɲɔba lasɔmini tun tɛ yen?¶

Kabini san 2021 Awirilikalo la, U.S. National Weather Service bɛ baara kɛ ni fɛn dɔ ye min bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka sanpɛrɛn juguw lasɔmini. Hali ni lasɔmini sariyalenw (ka ɲɛsin kilomɛtɛrɛ 93/hɛrɛ 58 ma) tɛ telefɔni sirenw lawuli, tuma o tuma ni Doppler rada ye microburst, macroburst, walima derecho dɔ ye min bɛ se ka fiɲɛ "Tiɲɛni" kɛ min bɛ se kilomɛtɛrɛ 130/h (80 mph) ma a dɔgɔyalenba la walima sanbɛlɛ min bonya bɛ se baseball ma, NWS bɛ "Destructive Damage Threat" taamasiyɛn dɔ nɔrɔ a la min bɛ Wireless Emergency baara a yɛrɛma Kɔlɔsili (WEA) telefɔni selilɛriw bɛɛ kan poligoni kɔnɔ, bawo fiɲɛ minnu bɛ kilomɛtɛrɛ 130+ bɔ lɛrɛ kɔnɔ, olu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka jiri, so sanfɛla ani fanibugu bin minnu bɛ mɔgɔ ka ɲɛnamaya bila farati la, i n’a fɔ EF-0 walima EF-1 fɔɲɔba.

Yɔrɔ min ka fisa ni yɔrɔ tɔw bɛɛ ye, o ye yɔrɔ jumɛn ye min ka fisa ni yɔrɔ tɔw bɛɛ ye, microburst jugumanba waati?¶

Aw bɛna aw dogo yɔrɔ kelen na tigitigi, aw bɛna baara kɛ ni min ye fɔɲɔba kama: boon banbali, min barika ka bon (i n’a fɔ so duguma walima duguma kɔnɔna na, finidoncogo, walima sanuyaso) duguma yɔrɔ min ka jan finɛtiriw ni kɛnɛma da bɛɛ la. Aw ye aw janto kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la kɛnɛba jiribaw la: ni aw ka so ye sankanso kelen walima sankanso fila ye, a lamininen bɛ ni okɛ walima pinin jiri janw ye, aw bɛ kɔnɔna so dɔ sugandi so kɛrɛ fɛ min yɔrɔ ka jan kosɛbɛ, jiribolo fiyɛlen tun bɛna jigin yɔrɔ min na so sanfɛ, ani aw kana aw dogo abada mobili kɔnɔ, fanibugu kɔnɔ, mobili kɔnɔ, walima farikoloɲɛnajɛyɔrɔ min ka bon.

Ne ka kan ka mun kɛ ni ne bɛ mobili, RV walima kamiyɔn tilancɛ boli ni mikroba dɔ ye siraba gosi?¶

Box kamiyɔnw, semi-remorquew, kanpaɲi duurunanw, ani mobili-motobaw bɛ ni kɛrɛfɛ-panneau jɔlen belebelebaw ye minnu bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ kurunba minnu bɛ fiɲɛ tɛmɛ ni kilomɛtɛrɛ 150 ye lɛrɛ kɔnɔ, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka wuli teliya la. N’i ​​ye sanji sen jigintɔ ye, buguri bololanɛgɛ, walima tabali sankaba dɔ bɛ i ɲɛfɛ siraba kan, i ka bɔ siraba kan o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ, ka mobili jɔ yɔrɔ dafalen dɔ la min dilalen don ni kabakurun ye, yɔrɔ min ka jan jiriw, nafamafɛnw, ani siraba taamasiyɛnw na, k’i ka mobili nugu jira fiɲɛ na min bɛ ka surunya walasa fiɲɛ ka woyo ni aerodynamique ye kabini sanfɛ sanni ka gosi remorque fan belebeleba la. Aw kana aw jɔ abada siraba kan siraba kan, o min bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔ min bɛ jiginɛw teliya ani ka siraw bali aw kɔfɛ.

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Gafe minnu bɛ tali kɛ o ko la¶

• Derechos, fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔ tilennenw, ani bow-echo survival
• Fɔɲɔba: lasɔminiw, so lakananenw, ani bolifɛnw kisi
• Bouncy castle ani fiɲɛ fiyɛlen lofting ani suffocation
• Kuran siraw binna ani mobili kuran
• Jiri min bɛ so kan: farati minnu bɛ sɔrɔ jɔli la ani mɔgɔw bɔli

Sosow ani ɲɛmɔgɔyaso ka bilasiralikan¶

• Jamana ka kɔgɔjiko ni fiɲɛko ɲɛnabɔli (NOAA) - Jamana ka waati baarada (NWS) & Jamana ka sanfiɲɛba laboratuwari (NSSL, Ameriki): Fiɲɛ tiɲɛnenw: Microbursts jilama ni jalenw, Downburst Fiziki, ani Sanfiɲɛ jugu tiɲɛni lasɔmini sariyaw.
• Federal Aviation Administration (FAA, Etazuni): Ladilikan sɛrɛkili AC 00-54: Pilot fiɲɛbɔlan gafe - Microburst dɔnni, Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR), ani Boli seginni.
• Amerika ka Ɛntɛrinɛti Injiniyɛriw ka tɔnba (ASCE/SEI): ASCE 7 Fiɲɛ doni sariyaw ani waati kunkurunnin sigicogo / dakun binkanni sɛgɛsɛgɛli sanpɛrɛn wulilenw kɔrɔ.
• Bureau of Meteorology (BoM, Australia): Sanpɛrɛn jugumanw ni u bɔli fitininw: Virga, sanji senw ani fiɲɛ ɲɛfɛyɔrɔw dɔnni yecogo la.
• Fujita, T. T. (Chicago Iniwɛrisite ka sateliti ni waati jateminɛ porozɛ): Donburst: Microburst ani Macroburst - SMRP ɲinini sɛbɛn 210.