Plaster walima drywall plafond barikama binni: Denmisɛnw/sunɔgɔbagaw kisi ani Joist Wiring ɲɛnamaw lajɛ¶

So miliyɔn caman kɔnɔ, sow, sow, ani kabakurun bulama minnu tun bɛ yen ka kɔn san 1960 ɲɛ, sanfɛ suturayɔrɔw ni sigiyɔrɔw sanfɛla bɛ jɔ ni so kunsigi 3-coat lime-and-gypsum plaster ye min bɛ kɛ jiri lath strips kan, a girinya ye kilogaramu 40 fo 60 ye mɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na (kilo 8 fo 12 mɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na). San 60 fo san 120 ni kɔ waati nɛnɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛliw, sanfɛ sennasiraw, siraw yɛrɛyɛrɛli, ani so sanfɛla walima pɔnpew bɔgɔbɔgɔli misɛnninw, plastiki bɔgɔlan nɔgɔlen minnu bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ jiri lath strips ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ walasa ka sanfɛla siri sanfɛ ("plaster keys") bɛ kari ni dususuma ye ka tigɛ ka bɔ kelen kelen. O cogo kelen na, bi sanfɛlan min girinya ye milimɛtɛrɛ 16 (⅝-inch) ye, n’o ye jipsi jalen suguya X ye min bɛ se ka tasuma sɔrɔ walima kogo jalen min bɛ kɛ ni layini fila ye, n’a sanfɛla ye selilɔzi fibre-in-in walima fibreglass attic insulation ɲiginnen ye: ni sanfɛ sanuyaso pipe dɔ pɛrɛnna, ni fiɲɛdilan condensate pan bɛ wuli, walima ni so sanfɛla dɔ bɛ wuli ni bɔgɔbɔgɔli ye, papiye min ɲɛsinnen bɛ jalen ma, o bɛ ji minɛ ani a bɛ bɔnɛ a ka sɔgɔli fanga kɛmɛsarada la 90 na, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka kurukuruw kunkolow sama ka ɲɛ ka tɛmɛ jisumamugu kɔnɔ min ɲiginnen don.

Ni plaster-and-lath walima ji yelen drywall plafond tiɲɛna, a man teli ka kabakurun fitinin kelen fili a waati kelen na: so kɔnɔna bɛɛ bɛ bɔ jiriw la siɲɛ kelen na pancake collapse" barikama kɔnɔ, ka kilo 200 fo 600 (kilo 440 ka se kilo 1300) masonry dense jigin slab, jiri lath splinters jagged, san kɛmɛ kɔnɔ so sanfɛlan kɔɔri buguri, insulation ɲiginnen, ani plafond ventilateur walima chandelier fixtures girinmanw ka ɲɛsin sunɔgɔbagaw ma dilan kan walima denmisɛnnin dɔ kan dilan kɔnɔ seginkanni 0,7 kɔnɔ. Ni aw b’a dɔn ka so kɔnɔ kuran ciriw tigɛcogo dɔn sani aw ka maga yeelenbɔlanw na minnu bɛ jɛngɛ, ka sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ walima fɛn jalen dɔ kɔrɔta cogo min na ka bɔ denmisɛnnin ka dilan kan, k’a sɔrɔ aw ma bugurimugu tiɲɛnenw gɛrɛ duguma ka don matiriyali kɔnɔ, ani ka sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ buguri bɔ den nugu ni a da la, o bɛ mɔgɔ kisi. Aw ye a lajɛ kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw, . jɔli tiɲɛni ni a binni, . duguma-dakun binni, sanuyaso bɔgɔlanw toli, ani baarakɛminɛn walima ɲɛgɛn min bɛ jigin duguma, ani sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ.

Aw bɛ o kɛ sisan¶

1. AW KA sanfɛla lajɛ minnu bɛ kɛnɛ kan ani ka a lajɛ ni sanfɛla fiɲɛbɔlanw, nɛgɛdagalanw, walima kuran siraw tigɛlen don, SANI aw ka sennateliya kɛ pilatiri ɲiginnen walima kogo jalenw kan. Ni yeelenbɔlan girinman dɔ tigɛra ka bɔ a ka ɲɔgɔndan kɛsu kɔnɔ ani ni a bɛ lafiɲɛ nɔgɔ ɲiginnenw kulu kan, walima ni fini kɔrɔ min bɛ nɛgɛdaga-ni-tube walima BX bɔgɔdaga bɛ ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ, aw bɛ sugolan/circuit-circuit principal OFF wuli aw ka kuran-panneau la (walima aw bɛ baara kɛ ni jiribolo jalen ye walasa ka filiw bɛɛ gɛrɛntɛlen na) sani aw ka maga nɛgɛdaga nɛgɛberew la walima jipisi ɲiginnenw na aw ye a lajɛ kuran sɔgɔli.
2. Ni sanfɛlan dɔ binna denmisɛnnin ka dilan kan, basikɛti, walima sunɔgɔbaga ka dilan kan, AW KAN’a sɔgɔli sanfɛla kari walima k’a ɲini ka jiribolo lajɔlenw sɔgɔ ka taa duguma. Denmisɛnw ka dilan kɛrɛfɛ jiribolo janw bɛ to ka bɔgɔlan jalen walima pilatiri binna minɛ i n’a fɔ bɔrɔ ("tenting"), ka a da fiɲɛbɔlan min bɛ mɔgɔ kisi, o min bɛ a jukɔrɔ; ni aw ye a gɛrɛ duguma jirisunba kan walima ka a dakun kelen kɔrɔta k’a sɔrɔ aw ma cɛmancɛ dɛmɛ, o bɛna bɔgɔdaga kari tilayɔrɔ fila la ka kilo kɛmɛ caman fili ni sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ buguri ni fɛn tiɲɛnenw ye minnu bɛ mɔgɔ sɔgɔsɔgɔ ka ɲɛsin den ɲɛda ma.
3. Walisa ka denmisɛnnin kisi ka bɔ denso datugulen na, aw bɛ mɔgɔ fila bila ka bɔrɔ jalen/plaster sɔgɔlen kɛnɛma daw minɛ ka a kɔrɔta SANFƐ ani KƐRƐW la ka bɔ denso siraw kan i n’a fɔ tabali gɛlɛn, walima ka u bolo se ka ɲɛ fanibugu dalan jukɔrɔ ka tɛmɛ kɛrɛda dilan baraw fɛ walasa ka den sɔgɔ ka bɔ kɛnɛma ka ɲɛ fɔlɔ. Aw bɛ dilan sanuman walima finimugu sanuman dɔ siri a jukɔrɔ kari ni a bɛ se ka kɛ ni aw bɛ a kɔrɔta walasa ka lime buguri bintɔ minɛ.
4. Aw bɛ teliya ka sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ sɔgɔlenw, lime buguri, ani selilulozi ɲiginnenw ko ka bɔ den walima sunɔgɔla nugu la, a dawolo la, ani a da la ni finimugu walima fini sanuman nɔngɔn ɲiginnen ye, ka u ninakili lajɛ. Alkaline lime plaster buguri ni fibreus insulation minnu bɛ fiyɛ ni sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ ye, olu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sanfɛ-fiɲɛbɔlan teliya sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ, sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ jugumanba, ani ɲɛda tɔniko alkali jenini; ni den tɛ ninakili ka ɲɛ, aw bɛ den ka CPR daminɛ joona; ka ye CPR ni AED.
5. Aw bɛ aw ka sigida kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔ wele (911 Ameriki ani Kanada, 112 Erɔpu tɔnba bɛɛ kɔnɔ, 999 Angletɛri jamana na) ni mɔgɔ dɔ gosira a kun na walima a disi la ni pilatiri binna ye, ni a ye sanfɛlan buguri belebele fiyɛ, walima ni jiribololanɛgɛ minnu bɛ sanfɛ, olu karilen don walima ni u bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ. Aw bɛ bɛɛ bɔ so kɔnɔ o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ ni ko kɛlenw bɔra, i n’a fɔ sanfɛla danfaralenw yɔrɔ kɛrɛfɛtaw bɛ to ka bin miniti 2 fo miniti 15 jigin fɔlɔ kɔfɛ; lajɛ kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw.
6. Aw bɛ so binna da datugu ani ka aw ka so cɛmancɛ fiɲɛ fangama walima fiɲɛdilan (HVAC) da tugu o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ. Plafond minnu jɔra ka kɔn san 1980 ka se san 1990 ma, olu ka teli ka kɛ ni asibiti friable ye (in "popcorn" acoustic textures, plaster joint compound, or attic vermiculite insulation) fana plɔmu penti buguri ani sogow ka nɔgɔ; HVAC seginni fiɲɛbɔlan datuguli bɛ foro bali ka buguri toxic sama ka bɔ sugo la ka a fiyɛ ka tɛmɛ so kɔnɔ so bɛɛ kɔnɔ; aw ye a lajɛ radɔn gazi, asibiti ani plɔmu penisilini sɛgɛsɛgɛli.

Desizɔn jiri : pankurunw binni barikama kisi ani faratiw sɛgɛsɛgɛli¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Plaster walima Drywall Plafond (Plaster walima Drywall) bɛ bin yɔrɔnin kelen"] --> ImmediateCheck{"Yala mɔgɔ dɔ sirilen bɛ dilan walima denmisɛnninw ka dilan kɔnɔ o bɔgɔdaga jukɔrɔ wa?"}
    ImmediateCheck -->|"Denyɛrɛni min bɛ denso kɔnɔ walima sunɔgɔla la Slab collapsed jukɔrɔ"| CribRescue["1. Aw bɛ aw ɲɛ jɔ yeelenbɔlanw/filɛriw la minnu bɛ jɛngɛ; flip breaker OFF walima ka i yɛrɛ tanga a ma; 2. AW KAN’a gɛlɛya ka jigin jirisunba kan min bɛ kɛ ka denso siraw walima dilan kunberew tigɛ; 3. Aw bɛ aw bolo se kɛrɛfɛ denso sɔgɔlanw fɛ walasa ka denmisɛnninw sɔgɔ ka bɔ OR aw bɛ kisibaga 2 bila ka sɔgɔlan kɔrɔta ka fla & kɛrɛfɛ ka bɔ denso la; 4. Aw bɛ lime/plaster buguri ko nugu, da ani ɲɛw la joona"]
    ImmediateCheck -->|"So lankolon don walima Mɔgɔ minnu bɛ so kɔnɔ, olu bɔra kaban"| EmptyRoom["1. Aw bɛ so bɔ joona (a ka ca a la, so sanfɛlan filananw bɛ jigin miniti damadɔ kɔfɛ); 2. Aw bɛ so kuran ciriw ni jikuruba datugu ni pibiliki pɛrɛnna sanfɛ; 3. Aw bɛ HVAC cɛmancɛ fiɲɛbɔlan datugu ani ka sugo da tugu walasa asibiti/plɔmu/silika buguri ka sɔrɔ a kɔnɔ; 4. Aw bɛ sanfɛlanw sɛgɛsɛgɛ ka bɔ da la: yala jiribololanw karilen don wa walima u dawolo bɛ bɔ dɔrɔn wa?"]
    CribRescue --> MedicalTriage{"Taamasiɲɛ jumɛnw bɛ mɔgɔ kisilen na?"}
    MedicalTriage -->|"A tɛ jaabi, Kungolo joginni, Apnéique, walima Stridor / Wheezing"| EmergencyEMS["1. Aw bɛ telefɔni 911 / 112 / 999 wele joona; 2. Aw bɛ Denyɛrɛniw/Bakɔrɔbaw ka CPR kɛ ni aw tɛ jaabi di ani ni aw tɛ ninakili; 3. Aw bɛ lime-buguri ɲɛw jigin ni ji sanuman/kɔgɔ ye miniti 15 fo miniti 20; 4. Aw bɛ kɔkolo lamaga ni pilatiri girinman ye kunkolo walima kɔ gosi"]
    MedicalTriage -->|"Awake & Breathing, A datugulen don ni Plafond Kɔrɔ buguri ye"| Decon["1. Aw bɛ taa ni a ye fiɲɛ ɲuman na joona; 2. Aw bɛ ɲɛw ni nuguw ko dɔɔni dɔɔni ni ji kɔgɔlen walima ji sanuman ye; 3. Aw bɛ fini bugurilamaw bɔ aw la ka aw ko ni jisuma ye (ni a kɛra ka kɔn 1980 so jɔli ɲɛ); 4. Aw bɛ dɔgɔtɔrɔso lajɛ ni aw bɛ kirin walima ni fiɲɛ bilali bɛ fogonfogon la"]

Mun na sow kunsigi plaster ni ji-sɔgɔlen drywall sanfɛlanw bɛɛ bɛ bin siɲɛ kelen¶

1. San 100 plaster-and-lath "Key Shear" ka mekanikiniw.¶

Sow ni sow kɔnɔ minnu jɔra san 1850 ni 1955 cɛ, sanfɛlanw tun bɛ jɔ ni jiribolo misɛnnin ba caman (jiri lath, a ka c’a la, milimɛtɛrɛ 6 x 38 / ¼ x 1,5 in) sirili ye sanfɛ duguma joginda duguma ni 6-ka-10-milimɛtɛrɛ (¼-ka-⅜-inch) gap bɛ strip kelen-kelen bɛɛ ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ. O kɔfɛ, sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛkɛlaw ye lime ɲiginnen, cɛncɛn, jipisi ani bagan kunsigi girinman saba (so kunsigi walima misi kunsigi walasa ka fiɲɛ barika bonya) kɛ ni trowel ye sanfɛ ka ɲɛsin jiri lath ma, u bɛɛ lajɛlen janya bɛ se milimɛtɛrɛ 20 fo 30 ma** ani u girinya bɛ se kilogaramu 45 fo 60 ma mɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na (kilo 9 fo 12 sen kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen).

Nafa min b’a la, o ye ko nɛgɛ walima juru si tɛ plastiki girinman yɛrɛ minɛ ka se sanfɛla ma:

• "Plaster Keys" bɛ baara kɛ cogo min na: Ni basikɛti ɲiginnen fɔlɔ ("scratch coat") tun bɛ gɛrɛ sanfɛ ka ɲɛsin jiri lath ma, plaster ɲiginnen bandiw tun bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ ka tɛmɛ milimɛtɛrɛ 8 cɛmancɛ fitininw fɛ jiribolow ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ ka kurukuru lath sanfɛla kɔkanna fan fɛ. Ni u gɛlɛyara, o nɛgɛbere minnu bɛ kurukuru, n’u bɛ wele ko plaster keys, olu tun bɛ kabakurun sanfɛla bɛɛ minɛ, min bɛ se tɔni caman ma, n’o tun sirilen bɛ lath jukɔrɔ.
• Cogo min na, kilisi dɛsɛ min bɛ taa ɲɛ, o bɛ domino binkanni daminɛ:
• San kɛmɛ ni kɔ kɔnɔ, yɛrɛyɛrɛli (sen girinmanw sanfɛla la, da sɔgɔli, metoro walima kamiyɔnw taamacogo kɛrɛfɛ), funteni bonya, walima so sanfɛla/sanuyaso kelen bɔli min bɛ jiri lath strips funfun, ka tila k’u dɔgɔya ni u jalen don, plaster konnɛgɛ tan ni caman bɛ tigɛ ka bɔ lath kɔfɛ so cɛmancɛ la.
• Ni sugolan sanfɛla cɛmancɛ konnɛgɛ kɛmɛsarada la 20 bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ, pilatiri girinman bɛ faranfasi milimɛtɛrɛ 5 fo 15 (insi ¼ fo ⅝) jiri lath jukɔrɔ, k’a girinya salen bɛɛ wuli ka taa kɛnɛma ka taa a kɛrɛfɛ konnɛgɛw kan minnu ma tiɲɛ, ka lamini lamini.
• Dɔgɔkun walima kalo caman kɔnɔ, walima o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ la ni sanfɛla baarakɛminɛn dɔ falen don walima ni da dɔ bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ, o lamini konnɛgɛ minnu doni ka ca, olu bɛ se u ka tigɛli dan ma, ka zipu da wuli ka tɛmɛn sanfɛla bɛɛ kan ni mankan teliya ye, ka kabakurun 3 ni mɛtɛrɛ 4 (sen 10 ni sen 13) sɔgɔlen gɛlɛn dɔ jigin min girinya ye kilo 500+ ye (1,100+ pounds) ka kan ka dilan duguma.

2. Jipi jalen min bɛ ji la ani so sanfɛlan ɲiginnen insulation pull-through¶

Bi plafond minnu jɔra san 1950 kɔfɛ, olu bɛ baara kɛ ni milimɛtɛrɛ 12,7 (insi ½) walima milimɛtɛrɛ 15,9 (insi ⅝) gypsum drywall (plasterboard / Gib board) ye min sirilen bɛ jiriw la walima nɛgɛw la ni nɛgɛberew ye ni jalen juruw walima nɛgɛw ye:

• Girinya jalen ni ji-yɔrɔ girinya: Jalen milimɛtɛrɛ 16 (⅝-inch) jalen girinya bɛ se kilogaramu 11 ma mɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na (kilo 2,2 sen kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na)**. Nka, jipisi ye fɛnɲɛnamafagalan ye min bɛ kɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalan ye min bɛ kraft papiye girinman fila cɛ, wa a ka c’a la, sanfɛlan yɔrɔ min bɛ sanfɛyɔrɔ sanfɛla yɛrɛ la, o bɛ fa ni santimɛtɛrɛ 25 fo 40 (santimɛtɛrɛ 10 fo 16) ye selilulozi fiyɛlen, fibreglasi walima farakurun insulation.
• Eponji nɔ: Ni so sanfɛla kɔji bɛ bɔn sanfiɲɛ waati la, ni sanfɛlan HVAC kondensatɛri layini dɔ datugulen don, walima sanfɛla ɲɛgɛn/sɔrɔyɔrɔ pipe dɔ pɛrɛnna, so sanfɛlan insulasi min fiyɛra a kɔnɔ, o bɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ ɛponji belebeleba, ka ji kilo 30 fo 80 su mɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na (kilo 6 fo 16 mɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na) ani ka o lafiɲɛ ji girinya bɛɛ bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin jalen sanfɛla ma.
• Paper delamination ani fastener pull-through: Drywall sheet ka flexural strength ni screw-holding power kɛmɛsarada la 80 ɲɔgɔn bɛ bɔ a kɛnɛma kraft paper liner la. Ni ji ye jisuma kɛ ka tɛmɛ jisumamugu kɔnɔ ka sɔrɔ ka duguma papiye sɔgɔlen ɲigi, jisuma bɛ wuli ka kɛ mugu ye ani ka jalen kurukuruw bugle kunkolo misɛnninw sama ka tɛmɛ pankurun ɲiginnen fɛ. Ikomi jalen sɛbɛnw bɛ siri ɲɔgɔn na u dawolo la ni joli-sira-funu ni mesh tape ye, ni sɛbɛn ɲiginnen kelen bilala ka taa, a bɛ sɛbɛn kɛrɛfɛtaw tigɛ ka jigin pancake collapse cogo la min bɛ to senna.

Kisili senfɛ-senfɛ ni sanfɛlan dɔ binna dilan kan walima denmisɛnninw ka dilan kan¶

1. Mun na denso ni dilan kunberew bɛ "Tenting" bɔrɔ nɔgɔlen dɔ dilan¶

Ni kogo jalen dɔ walima sow kunsigi sɔgɔlenba dɔ bɔra sugolan sanfɛ, o bɛ jigin ka kɛ i n’a fɔ tulonkɛ karti min bɛ bin. Ni denmisɛnnin dɔ bɛ sunɔgɔ la jiri walima nɛgɛdaga bɛ min na (min kɛrɛfɛla nɛgɛw jɔlen bɛ santimɛtɛrɛ 85 fo 110 / santimɛtɛrɛ 34 fo 43 ka bɔ duguma) walima ni baliku dɔ bɛ dilan dɔ kan, a kunkolo/sennalan janyalen don, a ka c’a la, bɔgɔdaga min bɛ bin, o bɛ delan siraw walima a kunkolo sanfɛla gosi fɔlɔ.

O bɛ sigidako ko gɛlɛn fila dɔ la kelen Dabɔ:

1. Bɔrɔ min ma tiɲɛ walima min karilen don ("The Tent"): Kogo jalen walima finimugu min barika ka bon ni kunsigi ye, o bɛ cɛmancɛ kari ka jigin ka kɛ V cogo la walima a bɛ to ka bridge kɛ denso sanfɛla nɛgɛsiraw kan, ka kilo 50 fo 150 (kilo 110 fo 330) minɛ, kabakurun karilenw, insulasi ɲiginnenw, ani sanfɛlan fɛnw a sirilen don santimɛtɛrɛ 20 fo 40 (santimɛtɛrɛ 8 fo 16) den fari sanfɛ.
2. The Deadly Rescue Mistake: Siranba kɔnɔ, bangebaga dɔ bolila ka don dibi la, buguri falen bɛ denso kɔnɔ, ka ka jirisunba in nɔngɔn kelen minɛ k’a sama kɛrɛ fɛ, walima k’a ɲini ka pankurun cɛmancɛ kari ka bɔ sanfɛ. Ni aw ye kogo jalen walima pilatiri sɔgɔlen karilen, ji bɛ min na, o kun kelen kɔrɔta, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye cɛmancɛ kurukuru girinman bɛ foli ka jigin i n’a fɔ fɛn min bɛ kɛ ni fɛn dɔ ye, ka pilatiri kuru girinmanw doni bɛɛ fili ani ka san kɛmɛ kɔnɔna buguri min bɛ mɔgɔ dafiɲɛ, o doni bɛɛ fili ka jigin ka taa denso kɔnɔ ka taa denmisɛnnin kan.

   SAFE CRIB EXTRICATION AFTER CEILING COLLAPSE

      [ Cracked Plaster / Drywall Slab Bridged on Crib Rails ]
     ==========================================================
       ||                                                  ||
       ||   <-- DO NOT push down on center or lift 1 end   ||
       ||       (hinges middle downward onto infant)       ||
       ||                                                  ||
       ||   OPTION A (1 Rescuer): Reach horizontally       ||
       ||   through side crib slats (or drop/spread rail)  ||
       ||   under the tented pocket and slide baby out.    ||
       ||                                                  ||
       ||   OPTION B (2+ Rescuers): Grip BOTH sides of     ||
       ||   slab, support center crease, and lift UP       ||
       ||   and completely SIDEWAYS off crib like a lid.   ||
       ||                                                  ||
       ||               ( Infant on Mattress )             ||
     ==========================================================

2. Fɛɛrɛ tigitigi min bɛ kɛ ka den walima sunɔgɔbaga bɔ a la lafiya la¶

• Taabolo fɔlɔ : Aw bɛ kuran ɲɛnamaw lajɛ denso walima dilan da la (A bɛ segin 2 kɛ).
• Ni sugolan sanfɛla jigira, a bɛ so cɛmancɛ yeelenbɔlan walima so sanfɛlan ventilateur tigɛ ka jigin so cɛmancɛ tigitigi la, tuma caman na dilan walima denso sanfɛ yɛrɛ.
• Ni lanpan juru walima so Romex/finimugu juru bɛ ​​ɲɔgɔn na hali bi ani ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ walima ka maga nɛgɛdaga dɔ la, aw bɛ circuit breaker OFF wuli walima ka nɛgɛ sama ka jɛya ni jirisigilan jalen ye walima ni bɔrɔ bolo ye sani aw ka maga denso la.
• Taabolo 2nan : Aw bɛ bridged slab jukɔrɔ lajɛ kɛrɛfɛ crib slats fɛ.
• Aw bɛ aw gɛnɛgɛnɛw da dilan kɛrɛ fɛ ka aw lajɛ kɛrɛfɛla jɔlenw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, minnu bɛ so sanfɛlan sɔgɔlen jukɔrɔ.
• Ni bɔgɔdaga bɛ lafiɲɛ ka sabati sanfɛla nɛgɛsira kan ani ni yɔrɔ jɛlen bɛ a jukɔrɔ: Aw kana KANA bɔgɔdaga girinman tiɲɛ hali dɔɔnin. O nɔ na, ​​aw bɛ aw bolow se kɛrɛfɛla sɔgɔlenw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ (walima aw bɛ dondaw dɔ da wuli min bɛ se ka jigin / min bɛ se ka da duguma, walima aw bɛ jiribolo finman fila sama ka bɔ ɲɔgɔn na) ka aw bolokɔni kelen kɛ ka den kunkolo kɔlɔsi, ani ka denmisɛnni sɔgɔ nɔgɔya la ka bɔ kɛrɛ fɛ walima ka bɔ fanibugu sanfɛla jukɔrɔ ka u ɲɛda tanga buguri nɔgɔlen ma ni aw bolo ye walima ni fini ye.
• Ni bɔgɔdaga binna ka jigin denso kɔnɔ den kan:
  1. Aw bɛ baliku filanan wele joona ni mɔgɔ wɛrɛ bɛ so kɔnɔ.
  2. Aw bɛ sɛbɛnfura fla, kartɔn belebeleba dɔ, walima aw bolokɔni flakɛlenw sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ sɔgɔlen duguma sɔgɔ den sanfɛ yɛrɛ walasa ka cɛmancɛ kurukuruni dɛmɛ walasa a kana se ka kurukuruw jigin ka taa duguma.
  3. Aw bɛ bɔgɔdaga bɛɛ kɔrɔta ka tilennen kɛ SAN fɛ ka a ta ka taa kɛrɛ fɛ pewu ka bɔ denso sennasanbara la sani aw k’a bila duguma. Aw kana fɛn dɔw wuli abada denso kɔnɔ.

Dɛmɛ fɔlɔ minnu bɛ kɛ ni psilitɛri buguri fiyɛli ye, lime ɲɛ jeninida, ani joginni minnu bɛ kɛ ni sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ ye¶

1. Ka fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔw saniya ka bɔ pilatiri buguri, lime ani insulasi fiyɛw la¶

Ni pilatiri walima kogo jalen dɔ binna baliku, denmisɛn walima denmisɛnnin sunɔgɔlen kan, o bɔgɔbɔgɔ bɛ sankaba fiyentɔ dɔ lawuli, n’o ye sulfate de calcium pulvérisé fine (gypsum), alkaline calcium hydroxide (slaked lime in old plaster), crystalline silica sand, fibreglass/cellulose insulation fibers, ani san tan caman ye so sanfɛlan nɛrɛma ye sogo/sogo nɔgɔw. Ani fana, sunɔgɔla min kununna ni bɔgɔbɔgɔkanba ye, o bɛ fiɲɛ jugumanba dɔ ta min tɛ a yɛrɛ sago ye, k’a sɔrɔ buguri sankaba bɛ u ɲɛda datugu tuma min na:

1. Don ni nugu bɔli teliya la denmisɛnninw ni denmisɛnw na:
2. Denmisɛn minnu si tɛ kalo 6 bɔ, olu ye nugu ninakili wajibiyalenw ye; ni pilatiri ɲiginnen walima lime buguri jalen ye u nugu misɛnninw datugu, u bɛ se ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ joona hali ni u fogonfogon ma jogin.
3. Aw bɛ den nugu, a dawolo ani a da kɛnɛma ko joona ni fini ɲiginnen ye, ka sɔrɔ ka nugumugu pikirijikɛlan (walima sumaya nɔgɔman) kɛ ni kɔgɔ sterili walima ji sanuman dɔɔni ye walasa ka pilatiri buguri bɔ nugu fila bɛɛ la.
4. Ni pilatiri ɲiginnen walima papiye jalen kurukuruba dɔ bɛ ye da kɔnɔ min bɛ fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔ datugu, aw bɛ a ko ka bɔ ni bolokɔni fitinin ye min sirilen don n’aw bɛ se k’a ye dɔrɔn (aw kana bolokɔni fiyentɔw ko abada, o bɛ a yɔrɔw gɛrɛntɛ ka taa a fɛ ka taa ɲɛgɛnɛsira la) aw ye a lajɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ.
5. Aw ye aw janto buguri fɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ ni sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ jugumanba la:
6. Lime buguri min bɛ bɔ san 1955 ɲɛfɛ, o pH ka bon min bɛ kanw ni fiɲɛbɔlanw dimi, ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ jugumanba bila mɔgɔ la, ka fiɲɛ bila stridor la ni kanba ye, walima ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ jugumanba bila mɔgɔ la min bɛ i n’a fɔ sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ** miniti damadɔ kɔnɔ.
7. Aw bɛ banabagatɔ ta ka taa kɛnɛma fiɲɛ ɲuman na joona, k’u sigi ka jɔ (walima ka den jɔlen to aw kamankun kan), ka albuterol/salbutamol kisi fiyɛlan di a ma min sɛbɛnnen don a la ni yɔrɔjan ye ni sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ bɛ a tigi la, ani ka kɔrɔtɔko baarakɛlaw wele ni ninakili gɛlɛya, sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ, kasikanba, walima sɔgɔsɔgɔ basigilen dɔ kɛra aw ye a lajɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ binkanni.

2. Ka lime alkaline plaster buguri bɔ ɲɛw la¶

calcium hydroxide bɛ lime plaster kɔrɔ la, o bɛ ɲɛda jeni ni kemikɛli ye ni a wulila ɲɛjibɔ filimu kɔnɔ, ka sɔrɔ jipsum ni silica cɛncɛn kristalɛ nɔgɔlenw bɛ ɲɛda sɔgɔsɔgɔ ni ɲɛjibɔ bɛɛ ye:

1. A fɔ banabagatɔ ye ko a kana a ɲɛw magaya: Ni aw bɛ a mugumugu, o bɛ silika cɛncɛn ni fibreglasi pikirijikɛlanw mugumugu ka don ɲɛda ɲɛgɛnɛsira la.
2. Aw bɛ to ka a ko ni kɔgɔji sterili ye walima ni pɔnpeji sanuman ye miniti 15 fo miniti 20: Aw bɛ ji bɔn dɔɔni dɔɔni ka bɔ ɲɛ kɔnɔna na (nu kɛrɛfɛ) ka taa kɛnɛma ka tɛmɛ ɲɛ da wulilen kan walasa lime fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ka ko ka sɔrɔ u ma boli ɲɛ tɔ kelen na. Aw bɛ ɲɛda sanfɛla sama nɔgɔya la ka taa ɲɛfɛ ɲɛda dugumayanfan kan walasa ka ɲɛji dɛmɛ ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw bɔ sanfɛ ɲɛda jukɔrɔ; aw ye a lajɛ ɲɛ joginw.

3. Kungolo, kɔnɔbara kɔkolo ani kɔkolo joginniw jateminɛni¶

Tariku lime plastiki sɔgɔlen min janya ye milimɛtɛrɛ 30 ye, o ka gɛlɛn i n’a fɔ bɛton, ani sanfɛla fiɲɛbɔlan min bɛ bin, o girinya bɛ se kilogaramu 10 fo 20 ma**:

• Ni a tigi gosira a kun na, a kɔ la, walima a kɔ la ani ni a hakili bɔra a la, a hakili ɲagamina, a bɛ fɔɔnɔ, a ɲɛkisɛw tɛ kelen ye, a kɔdimi, a bolow walima a senw bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ/a sɔgɔsɔgɔ, walima ni yɔrɔ nɔgɔlen/degun bɛ denmisɛnni kunkolo la, aw bɛ u kunkolo ni u kɔ to u kana lamaga ka kɛɲɛ ni u farikolo ye ani ka dɔgɔtɔrɔso baarakɛlaw makɔnɔ fo ni u tora so kɔnɔ teliya la, bagabagali min bɛ se ka kɛ ko a bɛna bin filanan na; aw ye a lajɛ kunkolo joginw ani kɔkolo joginw.

So jɔcogo, kuran, ani asibiti/plɔmu binkanni kɔfɛ lakanani sɛgɛsɛgɛli sɛbɛn¶

Ni mɔgɔw ni sokɔnɔbaganw bɛɛ bɔra so kɔnɔ lafiya la ani ni furakɛli daminɛna, aw bɛ nin sow binni kɔfɛ lakana fɛɛrɛ duuru labato sani aw ka sira di mɔgɔ si ma ka segin o so yɔrɔ la:

1. A dɔn ni a tun ye "Sheathing Drop" ye ni "Structural Joist Failure" ye:
2. Aw bɛ lanpan yeelen bɔ da wulilen fɛ ka taa sanfɛ jiriw la minnu bɛ kɛnɛ kan (beams) k’a sɔrɔ i ma taama plasitiri dulonnen tɔ jukɔrɔ:
3. Ni jiri 2x8 walima 2x10 bɔgɔlanw ma tiɲɛ pewu, u tilennen don, ani u bɛ jɛgɛn, ani ni jirisun jalen fla walima plastiki-ni-lath fari dɔrɔn de bɔra duguma, sanfɛla dugumalan bɛ jɔ hali bi a jɔcogo la (hali ni o so kɔnɔ, sanfɛla yɔrɔ lafiyalen tɔw bɛ se ka bin hali bi).
4. Ni jirisunba dɔ karilen don, ka tila, ka toli ka kɛ nɛrɛ ye ji bɔli kuntaalajan fɛ, walima ka jigin ka taa duguma, sanfɛ dugumalan bɛɛ bɛ farati la ka jɔli bin. Aw bɛ duguma so fila bɛɛ bɔ yen ANI so min bɛ sanfɛ yɛrɛ la o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ ani ka tasuma-fanga-jɛkulu wele walima so jɔli injiniyɛri dɔ; aw ye a lajɛ jɔli tiɲɛni ni a binni.
5. Aw bɛ kuran ciriw NI ji datugulan kunba da (ni a ɲiginnen don):
6. Hali ni nɛgɛ si ma wuli binkanni senfɛ, ji min bɛ woyo ka bɔ sanfɛlan yeelenbɔlanw fɛ walima bidon yeelenw kɔnɔ minnu bɛ don kɔnɔ, o bɛ kuran tasuma ni kuran sɔgɔli farati lase o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ. Circuit breaker min bɛ o so sanfɛla lanpanw ni sisibɔlanw balo, o faga.
7. Ni binkanni in sababu bɔra pɔnpew bɔli la, aw bɛ aw ka so ji datugulan kunba datugu joona; aw ye a lajɛ pipe minnu bɛ kɛ ni nɛnɛ ye ani so sanfɛla bɔgɔbɔgɔli.
8. Asibɛti, Plɔmu penti, ani Hantavirus Attic Dust (So minnu tun bɛ san 1985 ɲɛ):
9. AW KAN’a ko walima ka so sanfɛla tiɲɛnenw ko walima ka u fiyɛ ni du kɔnɔ aspiratɛri walima bɔrɔsi ye min bɛ kɛ ka kɔn san 1985 ɲɛ. Plafond minnu sigilen don walima minnu dilannen don ka kɔn san 1980 cɛmancɛ ɲɛ, olu ka teli ka kɛ kirizotili walima tremolite asibiti kɛmɛsarada la 1 ka se 10 ma mankan "popcorn" finiw na, drywall joint compound kɔnɔ, plaster patching, walima Zonolite (vermiculite) kabakurunw sanfɛla lamini, ka fara penti plɔmu hakɛ caman kan ani sosow ka nɔgɔ jalenw.
10. Ni aw ye butiki-vac basigilen ko walima ka baara kɛ ni a ye, o bɛ asibiti ni plɔmu fiyɛri miliyɔn caman kɛ aerosol ye so kɔnɔ.
11. A maracogo lakananen: Aw bɛ HVAC ventilateur cɛmancɛ faga, ka plastiki siri so kɔnɔ HVAC segin/sɔrɔyɔrɔw kan, ka nɔgɔ kulu sisi dɔɔni dɔɔni ni nakɔ pɔnpe fiyɛlan ye + minɛn safunɛ dɔ walasa buguri ka to a la walasa a kana pan fiɲɛ na, ka sugo da tugu, ka tobilikɛminɛn ɲiginnen dɔ bila duguma da da la fo ka se sigida sɛgɛsɛgɛli seere ma walima abatement (dɔgɔyali) bɛ labɛn; aw ye a lajɛ radɔn gazi, asibiti ani plɔmu penisilini sɛgɛsɛgɛli.

Sigidaw ka kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw ani baaradaw ka sariyaw¶

Ni plafond binna ka mɔgɔ minɛ, ka a kunkolo walima ninakili jogin, ka sparking wiring ɲɛnamaw bɔ kɛnɛ kan, walima ni a kɛra ni structural joists karilen don, aw bɛ aw ka sigida kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔ wele joona. Munisɛpali tasuma-fanga-kuluw bɛ kameraw ta minnu bɛ funteni jateminɛ (walasa ka kuran funteni yɔrɔw dogolenw ye ani ji siraw ye joistw kɔnɔ), fiɲɛbɔlanw, ani salvage tarps. Aw ye a lajɛ kɔrɔtɔko nimɔrɔw.

Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na¶

Mun na so kunsigi kɔrɔw bɛ bin yɔrɔnin kelen, k’a sɔrɔ ji ma bɔ?¶

So minnu jɔra ka kɔn san 1950 cɛmancɛ ɲɛ, lime ni jipsi plastiki girinmanw (minnu girinya bɛ se kilo 40 fo 60 ma mɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na, walima kilo 8 fo 12 mɛtɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen kelen na) bɛ minɛ ka kɔrɔta dɔrɔn ni "plaster keys" ye, plaster ɲiginnenw ka bandiw minnu tun bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ ka tɛmɛ yɔrɔ fitininw fɛ jiri lath strips cɛ, ka siri sanfɛ ni sanfɛla bɛ kɛ a daminɛ na, a tun bɛ kɛ ni trowel ye. San 70 fo 120 ni kɔ kɔnɔ, so sigili, sira yɛrɛyɛrɛ, sanfɛ senna, ani nɛnɛ jiginni, o plastiki konnɛgɛw bɛ kari ka tigɛ ka bɔ jirisunba kɔfɛ. Ni konnɛgɛ caman karilen don so cɛmancɛ la dɔrɔn, plastiki girinman bɛ wuli ka bɔ lath la, ka lamini konnɛgɛw doni kojugu cakɛda la, ka so sanfɛla bɛɛ jigin sekɔndi kelen kɔnɔ.

Ne bɛ se k’a dɔn cogo di ni pilatiri kɔrɔ dɔ bɛ se ka bin sani a ka bin?¶

Aw bɛ lasɔmini taamasiɲɛ kɔrɔlen naani ɲini: fɔlɔ, duguma-kurunba yelen, dôme, walima "kɔnɔna" min bɛ sɔrɔ so sanfɛlan na (a ka fisa ka ye ni lanpan yeelen ye ka kɛɲɛ ni sanfɛla ye su fɛ) filanan, bolofara janw minnu fan fila tɛ wuli tugun (kari fan kelen bɛ jigin ka jigin ka tɛmɛ tɔ kelen kan); sabanan, sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ walima cɛncɛn min bɛ bin ka bɔ faraw la ni mɔgɔ dɔ bɛ taama sanfɛ; ani naaninan, "bɔrɔsi sɛgɛsɛgɛli" : n'i ye i digi nɔgɔya la sanfɛ sanfɛla la kari dɔ kɛrɛfɛ ni bɔrɔ bololanɛgɛ ye min bɛ kɛ ni fɛn ye min bɛ kɛ ni bɔrɔ ye ani ni pilatiri bɛ biri san fɛ ni milimɛtɛrɛ damadɔ ye ni kurukuruni mankan ye min kɔnɔna bɛ sɔgɔsɔgɔ, nɛgɛso konnɛgɛw bɔra jiriforo la ani sanfɛla bɛ se ka bin waati o waati.

Mun na i man kan abada ka duguma walima k’a kɔrɔta so sanfɛlan dɔ kan min binna den ka dilan kan?¶

Ikomi denmisɛnnin ka denso kogo barikama naani jɔlen bɛ santimɛtɛrɛ 85 fo 110 (santimɛtɛrɛ 34 fo 43) la, a ka c’a la, kogo jalen walima pilatiri bɔgɔlan min bɛ bin, o bɛ jigin ka kɛɲɛ ni denso sanfɛla nɛgɛberew ye i n’a fɔ tabali ("tenting"), ka jɔ santimɛtɛrɛ 20 fo 40 matirili sanfɛ ani ka den lakana jukɔrɔ. Ni bangebaga sirannen dɔ y’a ɲini ka pankurun kari ka bɔ sanfɛ walima ka jirisunba karilen, ji bɛ min na, o kun kelen dɔrɔn kɔrɔta, cɛmancɛ kurukuru girinman bɛ foli duguma i n’a fɔ V-hinge, ka kilo kɛmɛ caman kɛ ka nɛgɛso sɔgɔlen ni lime/attic buguri min bɛ mɔgɔ dafiɲɛ, o fili ka ɲɛ den ɲɛda kan. Aw bɛ aw bolo se tuma bɛɛ kɛrɛfɛla dawolo la walasa ka den sama ka bɔ fanibugu jukɔrɔ, walima aw bɛ baliku fila bila ka jiribolo kɔrɔta ka ɲɛ ani ka a bila kɛrɛfɛ pewu ka bɔ denso la.

Yala buguri min bɛ bɔ so sanfɛla binna, farati bɛ o la ka ninakili walima ka don i ɲɛ na wa?¶

Awɔ. A fɔlɔ, ka kɔn san 1955 ɲɛ, kalisiyɔmu idɔrɔkisidi alkali (slaked lime) ani silika cɛncɛn kristali bɛ sɔrɔ plastiki kɔnɔ, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka ɲɛda ŋɛɲɛ ni ɲɛkisɛw sɔgɔsɔgɔli ye kemikɛli fɛ ani ka ɲɛda sɔgɔsɔgɔni jugumanba bila mɔgɔ la (sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ ni fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔw fununi) ni u fiyɛra, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la denmisɛnniw ni sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ bɛ mɔgɔ minnu na. Filanan, so minnu jɔra ka kɔn san 1980 ka se san 1990 ma, olu sanfɛla ni sanfɛyɔrɔw la, asibiti min bɛ se ka sɔgɔsɔgɔ (a bɛ sɔrɔ popcorn textures kɔnɔ, drywall joint compound, walima vermiculite insulation kɔnɔ), plɔmu penti buguri, fibreglasi pikirijikɛlanw, ani sosow ka nɔgɔ jalenw bɛ sɔrɔ tuma caman na lath sanfɛ. Aw bɛ ɲɛ minnu buguri bɛ u la, aw bɛ olu ko tuma bɛɛ ni ji sanuman ye miniti 15 kɔnɔ, ka denmisɛnninw nuguw jɛya joona, ka HVAC cɛmancɛ fiɲɛbɔlan datugu, ka sɔrɔ ka fɛn tiɲɛnenw ɲigi sani san 1985 ka se sanni ka u ja.

Mun na ne ka kan ka so ka kuran ciriw faga o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ la, so sanfɛla binna dɔrɔn?¶

A bɛ se ka fɔ ko sugolan walima sigiyɔrɔ bɛɛ bɛ ni cɛmancɛ yeelenbɔlan ye, yeelenbɔlan walima sanfɛlan min bɛ siri kuran ɲɔgɔndan kɛsu dɔ la sanfɛla la, ka fara kuran juruw kan minnu bɛ boli jiriw kan. Ni kilogaramu 300 (kilo 660) jalen jalen walima pilatiri tigɛra, a ka teli ka yeelenbɔlan tigɛ ka bɔ sanfɛla la walima ka insulasi bɔ 120 volt walima 230 volt nɛgɛ ɲɛnamaw la, ka kondukiri ɲɛnamaw fili jidagayɔrɔw la, jipsi ɲiginnenw kɔnɔ, walima nɛgɛdaga ni dilanw kan. Ni aw ye circular breaker (circuit breaker) dabila, o bɛ kuran gosili farati bɔ kisi waati la, wa a bɛ kuran tasuma bali jiribolodalenw na minnu bɛ kɛnɛ kan.

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Nin gafe in bɛ jɔli plafond binni kisi, nafamafɛnw danfara, ani buguri/kɔgɔli dɛmɛ fɔlɔ sariyaw di ani a tɛ jɔli injiniyɛri sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ, asibiti dɔgɔyali min sɛgɛsɛgɛlen don, walima dɔgɔtɔrɔso baarakɛlaw ka furakɛli nɔ na. Aw bɛ a lajɛ ka denmisɛnw ni balikuw ka Dɛmɛ fɔlɔ ni CPR kalan kɛ Croix Rouge walima St John Ambulance fɛ.

Gafe minnu bɛ tali kɛ o ko la¶

• Jagokɛyɔrɔ tiɲɛni ni a binni
• Dugukolo jukɔrɔla bin, sanuyaso bɔgɔlanw toli, ani baarakɛminɛn walima ɲɛgɛn min bɛ jigin duguma
• Gazi radɔn, asibiti ani plɔmu penisilini sɛgɛsɛgɛli
• So sanfɛla bɔgɔbɔgɔli
• Kungolo joginw

Sosow ani ɲɛmɔgɔyaso ka bilasiralikan¶

• U.S. National Park Service (NPS) ka fɛɛrɛbɔ baaradaw: Lakanali kunnafoni surun 21: Tariku Flat Plaster dilancogo: Kogow ni sanfɛlanw (Plaster Key Failure Mechanics)
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) & Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): Asibɛti ni plɔmu buguri ɲɛnabɔli kɔrɔtɔlen sanfɛla binkanni ni ji tiɲɛni saniya waatiw la
• Kɛnɛya ni Lakanali ɲɛmɔgɔba (HSE, Angletɛri): Asibɛti baara ɲɛminɛcogo (HSG210): Dekorasiyɔn finiw (Artex) ani Lath-and-Plaster Plasters
• Ameriki denmisɛnw ka kɛnɛyako kalanso (AAP) & Ameriki dusukun tɔnba (AHA): Denmisɛnw ka fiɲɛbɔyɔrɔw datugucogo, dunan farikolo fiyɛli, ani denmisɛnw ka CPR Ladilikanw
• Fɛdɛrali ka kɔrɔtɔko ɲɛnabɔli jɛkulu (FEMA, Ameriki): Dugu ɲinini ni kisi (USAR) yeelen karamɔgɔ Void-Space ani Crib/Bed Tenting Extrication Principles