NVMe poʻo SSD faʻafuaseʻi ona ulufale i le faitau-naʻo le faʻaogaina pe mou atu mai le BIOS¶

E le pei o ta'avale malo vili fa'aleaganu'u e tu'uina atu ai aso o le fa'alogoina o le kiliki po'o le fa'amalo o lapata'iga a'o le'i mate, o le NVMe M.2 po'o le SATA Solid-State Drive (SSD) ua le manuia i totonu o se vaega o le sekone. E tasi le taimi o lau fale faigaluega, komepiuta, poʻo le server o loʻo tamoʻe masani; le isi taimi, Windows togi a WHEA_UNCORRECTABLE_ERROR pe CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED Blue Screen, Linux remounts lou a'a vaega pei Read-Only file system (EROFS), po'o lau komepiuta e toe fa'afo'i sa'o i totonu o le lisi gaogao UEFI/BIOS Setup fa'aalia "Leai se Mea Fa'apipi'i Maua" pe fa'aali lau 2-terabyte SSD o se 0 MB falegaosi mea e pulea (SM2262, PS5018-E18, MN-5236, pe SATAFIRM S11).

Pe a fa'afuase'i ona loka se SSD i le ** Meafaigaluega Faitau-Na'o Mode (Critical Warning: 0x08)** pe mou ese mai le motherboard BIOS pe a uma le malosi o le eletise poʻo le vevela, o toe faʻafouina uma, taumafai CHKDSK, poʻo le faʻaumiumi o le mana-i le minute e mafai ona faʻaumatia tumau lou faamalama o totoe e laveai ai au faila. I luga o se ta'avale ua pa'ū i totonu o le Hardware Read-Na'o le Mode, o le SSD controller o loʻo tuʻuina atu ia te oe se vaʻa ola faʻafuaseʻi faʻafuaseʻi e kopiina au faʻamatalaga aʻo leʻi oʻo i totonu o le Flash Translation Layer (FTL) poʻo le faʻaogaina o le NAND cell e leiloa le mana ma le toe amataina.

O lenei taʻiala o loʻo tuʻuina atu ai laʻasaga taʻitasi meafaigaluega ma faʻataʻitaʻiga firmware e faʻavae i luga o le NVM Express (NVMe) Faʻamatalaga Faʻavae (Vaega 5.14.1.2 SMART / Health Information Log Page. 02h), INCITS T13 ATA/ATAPI ACS-4 tulaga, GNU ddrescue / nvme-cli fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'i fa'ata'ita'i, ma tulaga fa'aleleia o le Fa'aliliuga Fa'aliliuga Flash potu mama (FTL).

Fai nei loa¶

Afai o lau NVMe poʻo le SATA SSD ua naʻo le lokaina i le Faitau-Naʻo le mode, togi I / O taimi, pe mou atu mai lau BIOS:

1. ** AFAI O LE SSD O LO'O I LE FAITAU NA'O LE FAITAU I LE FAITAU MA O LO'O VAAIA I LAU OS: AUA LE TOE TOE ATU PE PITY LE KOPIPI.** Ole tulafono #1 lea o le ola-po'o le oti ole NVMe SSD laveai. Pe a setiina e le pule NVMe ana meafaigaluega Critical Warning itiiti i 0x08 (Volatile/Non-Volatile Read-Only Loka aua o lo'o avanoa poloka Fa'akomepiuta na lavea 0%), o le **Flash Translation Layer (FTL) mapping table o loʻo faʻapipiʻiina nei i le SSD's volatile DRAM cache **, faʻatagaina oe e faitau au faila i le taimi nei. ** Afai e te toe faʻafou pe tape le PC **, e tatau i le SSD ona taumafai e toe faʻapipiʻi ma faʻapipiʻi lana firmware / FTL leaga mai poloka poloka NAND ua maeʻa i le taimi o le POST, ma i luga atu o le 50 pasene o mataupu, ** le SSD o le a piliki atoa i lena toe faʻafouina ma e le toe faʻaalia i le BIOS **. Fa'afeso'ota'i se kiki mālosi USB i fafo i le taimi nei a'o tamo'e pea le masini ma kopi au faila pito sili ona taua (Documents, Desktop, faila lafoga/tulafono, ata, .ssh/ki) vave. Afai o le faaletonu o meafaigaluega e aofia ai le ulaula tapaa po'o le afi afi eletise, tipi le paoa ma valaau lau numera faʻafuaseʻi i le lotoifale (911 i le Iunaite Setete ma Kanata, 112 i le isi itu o le Iuni a Europa, 999 i Peretania) pe siaki numera fa'afuase'i.
2. Aua le fa'aogaina Windows chkdsk /f, diskpart clean, fsck, poʻo macOS Disk Utility First Aid. Afai o lau SSD o loʻo i totonu o le Hardware Read-Only Mode, tusi tulafono e teena i le maualuga o le masini komepiuta (Media is write-protected), ma afai o lau SSD e naʻo le * Operating System Read-Only Remount * mode ona o poloka NAND leaga, faʻamalosia chkdsk pe fsck o le tusitusi i luga o itulau le manuia o le a tupu ai se SSD Controller Panic (Safe Mode / BSY Lock) e piliki ai le taavale i totonu o sekone.
3. ** Afai e musu Windows e taʻaʻa ona o loʻo loka le taʻavale NVMe i totonu o meafaigaluega Faitau-Naʻo Mode (aua e manaʻomia e Windows le avanoa e tusitusi ai. C:\ e fa'a'a), fa'aa'e loa mai le Linux Live USB.** Pupuni 10 ma le Pupuni 11 e le mafai ona fa'auma le ta'avale mai se ta'avale OS e te'ena tulafono tusitusi (latou fa'aoga i luga. INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE po'o le Toe Fa'alelei Otometi). Aua le toe fa'afou Windows. Fa'amu le masini mai le SystemRescue po'o le Ubuntu Live USB stick, fa'apipi'i le vaeluaga o le NTFS/BitLocker e fa'aaoga ai le fatu fa'apitoa. ro,norecovery (na'o le faitau, leai se tala fa'asolopito) fu'a, ma kopi au faila ma le saogalemu.
4. ** Afai ua mou atu atoa le SSD mai le UEFI/BIOS (poʻo faʻaaliga 0 MB / SATAFIRM S11 / ROM Mode), tapuni le komepiuta ma siaki le vevela vevela vs FTL desynchronization.** Saosaoa PCIe Gen 4 ma Gen 5 Gen 5 NVMe M.2 ta'avale e lavea ai le vevela e pulea i luga a'e o le 85 tikeri Celsius (185 tikeri Fahrenheit) pe a mago se pa'u vevela po'o matala se masini vevela, ma mafua ai ona alu le ASIC controller i se fa'alavelave fa'afuase'i. (20 tikeri Celsius / 68 tikeri Fahrenheit).
5. ** Ta'e le OS TRIM / Discard vave pe a fa'ataina se SSD leaga.** Aua ne'i fa'atagaina se faiga fa'agaoioiga e tu'uina atu le talaaga TRIM (Dataset Management Deallocate) faʻatonu aʻo laveaʻiina se SSD ua le manuia.

flowchart TD
    A["NVMe M.2 po'o SATA SSD Fa'alavelave Fa'ailoa"] --> B{"O le a le fa'ailoga tonu i le taimi nei?"}
    B -->|"1. O lo'o va'aia le ta'avale, ae fai mai le OS 'Disk is Write-Protected' po'o le 'Read-Na'o File System'"| C["TĀTUA: AUA LE toe faʻafou pe a maua faʻamatalaga i le taimi nei; kopi faila fa'amuamua ile ta'avale USB i fafo vave"]
    C --> D["Asia'i le NVMe SMART Log (`nvme smart-log /dev/nvme0` po'o CrystalDiskInfo): Siaki le `critical_warning` & `available_spare`"]
    D --> E{"O le NVMe `critical_warning` bit 0x08 seti (Meafaigaluega Faitau-Na'o Loka) PO'O le OS File System Toe Fa'afou?"}
    E -->|"Meafaigaluega Faitau-Na'o (`0x08` / `Maua Avanoa: 0%`)"| F["O Windows e le mafai ona ta'a mai le RO tisiki: Boot Linux Live USB, fa'apipi'i i le `-o ro, norecovery`, ma fa'apipi'i i le `ddrescue`"]
    E -->|"OS Soft Read-Na'o (`Dirty Bit` / Windows Fast Startup / Bad Block)"| G["Fa'amama le Windows 'uiga tisiki manino le faitau' PO'O fa'apipi'i na'o le faitau i Linux ma ata a'o le'i popole le pule o le NAND"]
    B -->|"2. SSD faafuasei ona mou atu mai le UEFI BIOS ('Leai se Bootable Device') ina ua pa'u po o le paoa"| H{"O se SATA SSD po'o se NVMe M.2 SSD?"}
    H -->|"NVMe M.2 SSD"| I["1. Fa'alili i lalo mo le 20 mins + fa'ailoga ili kesi ile M.2 slot<br/>2. Toe fa'anofo i totonu o le fa'ailoga matua M.2 lona lua po'o le pa USB-i-NVMe<br/>3. Fa'atino 1-taamilosaga Malosi-Na'o FTL Toe Fausia (Leai se PCIe toe setiina)"]
    H -->|"SATA 2.5-inisi / M.2 SSD"| J["Siaki pe fa'aalia e le BIOS le igoa ole fale gaosi oloa (`SATAFIRM S11`, `SM2258AB`, `2.1 MB`)"]
    J -->|"Fa'aali le Igoa ROM Falegaosimea po'o le 0 MB"| K["TUMAU: Pulea Firmware / Faaliliu Piliki. Auina atu ile fale suesue ile Ace Lab PC-3000 Portable III"]
    J -->|"E le mafai ona iloa pe a uma le malosi faʻafuaseʻi"| L["Fa'atino 30-Minute Malosi-Na'o SATA FTL Toe Fausia Ta'amilosaga tasi; afai e le o vaaia, lafo i le PC-3000 lab"]

Su'esu'ega Fa'ata'ita'iga: Decoding NVMe SMART Health Log Itulau 02h (Critical Warning fasi)¶

A faʻaalia se NVMe SSD, e te le tau mateina pe o le faʻafitauli o se faʻailoga faigofie a le Windows registry glitch poʻo se NAND flash chip. O ta'avale NVMe uma na fausia e fa'aaogaina le NVMe SMART / Health Information Log Page (Log Identifier). 02h).

I luga o Linux (poʻo se SystemRescue Live USB), faʻatautaia lenei faʻatonuga e tasi, faitau-naʻo le faʻatonuga (e 0.01 sekone ma tuʻu le mamafa i luga o sela NAND):

sudo nvme smart-log /dev/nvme0

Va'ai vave i le laina muamua lava o galuega, critical_warning, ma faʻatusatusa i le NVM Express Specification bitmask laulau o loʻo i lalo:

Su'ega 1: Fa'afefea ona lavea'i faila uma mai se SSD loka i Meafaigaluega Faitau-Na'o Mode (0x08)¶

Aisea e te'i fa'afuase'i ai lau komipiuta e ta'a i totonu Windows 10, Windows 11, po'o macOS pe a loka lau ta'avale NVMe i ** Meafaigaluega Faitau-Na'o Mode (critical_warning: 0x08)**, ma aisea e foliga mai ai e le mafai ona fa'apipi'iina le ta'avale e tusa lava pe e te fa'apipi'i i se isi komipiuta e fai ma ta'avale lona lua?

Le "Dirty Journal Replay" Mailei (Aisea ua teena ai e Windows ma Linux le faʻaogaina le faʻapipiʻi o se SSD Faitau-Naʻo)¶

A fa'afuase'i ona pa'u le SSD i totonu o le Hardware Read-Only Mode a'o fa'agaoioia le faiga, e pa'u le faiga fa'agaioia i le ogatotonu o le tusitusi, ma tu'u ai le faila faila Transaction Journal ($LogFile i luga o le Windows NTFS, le tusi talaaga i luga o Linux ext4/XFS, poʻo le pusa siaki siaki i luga o Apple APFS) fa'ailoga "Peleia" (Tapuni le mama).

1. O le isi taimi e te taumafai ai e faʻapipiʻi Windows pe faʻapipiʻi le SSD i se isi komepiuta Windows/Mac/Linux ma kiliki-lua le icon drive, e vaʻaia e le faiga faʻaogaina le "Dirty Journal" fu'a ma ** otometi ona taumafai e "Toe Ta'alo le Tusitala" e ala i le tusiina o fefa'atauaiga e le'i mae'a i tua i le tisiki** a'o le'i fa'atagaina oe e va'ai au faila.
2. Aua o lo'o loka le fa'atonu SSD ile ** Meafaigaluega Faitau-Na'o Mode (0x08)**, e teena e le SSD hardware lena apitalafa'ailoga-replay write command ma se I/O Write-Protect Error.
3. O le fa'agaoioiga faiga fa'alavelave, fa'ate'a atoa le mauga, ma ta'u atu ia te oe o le ta'avale e le mafai ona faitau, leaga, pe le'i fa'ailoaina, e ui lava o le 100 pasene o au faila o lo'o nofo lelei i luga o flash chips.

Laasaga taʻitasi laʻasaga: Faʻapipiʻi se "Dirty" Meafaigaluega Faitau-Na o SSD i Linux (ro,norecovery)¶

Ina ia aloese mai le faʻaogaina o le faʻaogaina o le tusi talaaga-toe faʻaaogaina le taumafai tusi ma faitau faila uma mai le Hardware Read-Naʻo SSD, faʻaulu mai le Linux Live USB (e pei o le SystemRescue poʻo le Ubuntu Live) poʻo le tuʻu le NVMe drive i totonu o le USB-C NVMe pa o loʻo faʻapipiʻi i se masini Linux, ma taʻu i le avetaʻavale faila e faʻagasolo le faʻaagaaloa le faila faila.norecovery / noload):

1. Fa'ailoa le igoa vaeluaga o le NVMe po'o le SATA¶

lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,FSTYPE,MODEL,RO /dev/nvme* /dev/sd*

2. Filifiliga muamua (Saogalemu): Fa'atusa le vaeluaga mata'utia i luga o se ta'avale fa'aola lelei ma ddrescue¶

A'o le'i fa'apipi'iina le faiga faila, pe afai e iai sau ta'avale maloloina i fafo ma lava avanoa avanoa fa'apipi'i i /mnt/backup, fa'apipi'i le poloka vaeluaga mata'utia-mo-poloka (talu mai ddrescue faitau fa'asologa fa'asolosolo poloka e aunoa ma le popole e uiga i tusi talaaga faiga faila palapala):

# Pass 1: Fast sequential clone of the read-only NVMe partition to an image file on your backup drive:
sudo ddrescue -f -n -b 4096 /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/backup/ssd_rescue.img /mnt/backup/ssd_rescue.map

# Pass 2: Retry any slow or degraded NAND blocks without kernel read-ahead cache:
sudo ddrescue -d -f -r 2 -b 4096 /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/backup/ssd_rescue.img /mnt/backup/ssd_rescue.map

3. Filifiliga lona lua (Vaega Faʻatonu Faʻatonu): Faʻapipiʻi saʻo le SSD Faitau-Na o Meafaigaluega norecovery¶

Afai e leai sau ta'avale fa'aagaga e lava tele mo se ata atoa o le tisiki ma e mana'omia le kopiina sa'o o faila mai le SSD loka i le taimi nei, fa'atupu se fa'amaufa'ailoga (sudo mkdir -p /mnt/ro_ssd) ma faʻaaoga le faʻatonuga naʻo le faitau-no-journal-replay mo lau faila faila:

• Mo se Vaeluaga o le Windows NTFS (E masani, le fa'ailoga):

  # Using the modern Linux kernel 'ntfs3' driver or 'ntfs-3g' with 'ro,norecover':
  sudo mount -t ntfs3 -o ro,norecover /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/ro_ssd
  # OR if using ntfs-3g:
  sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o ro,norecover /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/ro_ssd
  

• Mo le Windows BitLocker-Encrypted NTFS Vaeluaga:

  # Unlock BitLocker in strict Read-Only mode using your 48-digit Recovery Key (via 'dislocker' or 'cryptsetup'):
  sudo mkdir -p /mnt/bitlocker_raw /mnt/ro_ssd
  sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/nvme0n1p3 -p123456-123456-123456-123456-123456-123456-123456-123456 -- /mnt/bitlocker_raw
  sudo mount -t ntfs-3g -o loop,ro,norecover /mnt/bitlocker_raw/dislocker-file /mnt/ro_ssd
  

• (Tagaʻi i la matou taʻiala ile BitLocker, FileVault, ma le LUKS encryption recovery pe afai e te manaʻomia se fesoasoani e suʻe lau ki 48-numera BitLocker).*
• ** Mo se Linux ext4 pe XFS pe Btrfs Vaevaega:**

  # ext4 (uses 'noload' to skip journal replay on read-only hardware):
  sudo mount -t ext4 -o ro,noload /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/ro_ssd
  
  # XFS (uses 'ro,norecovery' to skip dirty log replay):
  sudo mount -t xfs -o ro,norecovery /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/ro_ssd
  
  # Btrfs (uses 'ro,norecovery,rescue=all' to mount degraded/dirty B-trees without writing):
  sudo mount -t btrfs -o ro,norecovery,rescue=all /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/ro_ssd
  

Ae fa'afefea pe a le SSD i totonu o Meafaigaluega 0x08 Loka, ae na'o Windows na makaina "Na'o Faitau"?¶

Afai nvme smart-log / CrystalDiskInfo fa'aaliga critical_warning: 0x00 ma Available Spare: 100%, o lau SSD hardware o loʻo maloloina ma Windows na o le setiina o le Software Volume/Disk Read-Only Flag (e masani lava pe a uma le emo o le eletise poʻo le lua-faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi). Fa'amama le fu'a polokalame ile Windows Administrator Command Prompt:

diskpart
DISKPART> list disk
DISKPART> select disk <X>
DISKPART> attributes disk clear readonly
DISKPART> select volume <Y>
DISKPART> attributes volume clear readonly
DISKPART> exit

Su'ega 2: O le a le mea e fai pe a mou atu se NVMe poʻo SATA SSD mai le UEFI / BIOS¶

Ae fa'afefea pe a malo lau komepiuta, ma pe a e toe fa'afo'i i totonu o le motherboard UEFI/BIOS Setup (F2 pe Del), o le M.2 slot poʻo le SATA uafu fai mai "Empty / Not Present", pe faʻaalia ai se faʻailoga mataʻutia e pulea ai nai lo le igoa o lau taʻavale?

Laasaga 1: Siaki mo le "Factory ROM Mode / Safe Mode" saini pule¶

Va'ai toto'a ile manoa sa'o o lo'o fa'aalia ile lisi o le BIOS Storage, Windows Device Manager, po'o Linux lspci / lsusb / dmesg galuega faatino. A le mafai e le microcontroller a le SSD ona utaina lana Flash Translation Layer (FTL) firmware mai le NAND chips i le taimi o le eletise (ona o poloka NAND leaga i le firmware sone), e toe foʻi le pule i totonu o lona totonugalemu ** Factory Mask ROM / Bootloader Mode ** ma lipotia lona igoa faʻailoga mataʻutia ma se laʻititi laʻititi:

Laasaga 2: O le 4 saogalemu meafaigaluega laveai pe a matua le vaaia se taavale NVMe M.2 (Not Present)¶

Afai e le fa'aalia lau ta'avale NVMe i le BIOS, fa'atino nei su'ega fa'aletino e fa e le fa'aleagaina ** i le fa'atonuga sa'o**:

1. Su'ega 1: Toe Toe Fa'aalili ma Fa'amalo (O le 20-Minute Cool-Down):
2. Aveese le uaea eletise AC a le PC mai le puipui (pe tapuni atoa le komepiuta) ma tuu le masini e nofo le malosi mo ** 20 minute ** ina ia maalili le NVMe controller ASIC i le 20 tikeri Celsius (68 tikeri Fahrenheit).
3. Tatala le itu o le PC, fa'asino sa'o le ili a le aiga i luga ole la'au M.2 NVMe, ma fa'aola sa'o ile Linux Live USB. Afai ua faaletonu le PMIC (Power Management IC) po'o le fa'avevelaina o lo'o fa'atama'ia i le 85 tikeri Celsius (185 tikeri Fahrenheit) i le taimi o le ta'avale, o le fa'afefeina o le ea malulu i luga o le pepa M.2 e leai se mea e fa'atumauina ai le ola umi o le masini e ddrescue au faila taua.
4. Su'ega 2: Ave le NVMe M.2 Stick i totonu o le USB-C 10Gbps NVMe Enclosure (RTL9210 / JMS583 Alalaupapa Alalaupapa):
5. Aisea e fa'apipi'i ai ma faitau i totonu o le $20 USB-C NVMe fa'apipi'i i fafo*?
6. Pe a fa'apipi'i sa'o le ta'avale NVMe i totonu o le slot motherboard PCIe M.2, e fa'amalosia e le motherboard UEFI BIOS se fa'agata ** PCIe Link Training ma le NVMe Admin Queue time out** (e masani lava na'o le 1 i le 3 sekone i le POST). Afai o se SSD leaga e 6 sekone e toe fausia ai se laulau poloka ua faaleagaina i le power-on, e fa'ailoa e le BIOS motherboard ua mate le slot PCIe ma pa'u atoa le ta'avale.
7. Tu'u le laau NVMe i totonu o le pito i fafo o le USB-C (fa'amalosia e le Realtek RTL9210 po o JMicron JMS583 USB-to-NVMe bridge chip) e vavae ese le taavale mai le motherboard POST, sapalai muamua le mana 3.3V mama, ma faʻatagaina oe e faʻapipiʻi le USB cable i totonu o le komepiuta Linux * pe a uma * le SSD na maua le 30 sekone e amata ai lana firmware.
8. (Critical Hardware Siaki: Pe a aveese le M.2 laau, siaki pine auro pito apamemea i se moliuila ma faamama so o se oxidation lemu i le 99% isopropyl alcohol, ma asiasia tamai capacitors i luga o le mauga o sea beige e lata ane i pine sootaga auro M.2 mo soo se faailoga mu pogisa po o solder ta).
9. Su'ega 3: Ta'e le Motherboard VMD / Intel RST RAID Mode ma PCIe ASPM Fa'asaoina Malosiaga:
10. Afai e toe setiina e le BIOS lana maa CMOS (poʻo le faʻafouina o lona firmware) i luma tonu o lau NVMe drive "e mou atu," ulufale i le Setup BIOS ma siaki tulaga e lua:
    • Intel VMD (Volume Management Device) / SATA Mode (RAID vs AHCI): Afai e fesuiai se laupapa i le va RAID / Intel VMD ON ma AHCI / NVMe Direct, o le faiga faʻaogaina (poʻo le lisi o le BIOS boot list) o le a le mafai ona vaʻai i le taʻavale seia toe foʻi i lona tulaga muamua.
    • PCIe ASPM (Active State Power Management): I luga o le tele o komepiuta feaveai ma komepiuta, e paʻu le pule o le NVMe i soo se taimi e taumafai ai le motherboard e tuu le taavale i le tulaga moe moe PS3 / PS4 (APST). I le Setup BIOS, seti ** PCIe ASPM = Disabled **, ma pe a faʻaosoina Linux e laveaʻi ai se taʻavale NVMe paʻu, faʻapipiʻi lenei faʻamaufaʻailoga fatu i le lisi GRUB (lomi e i le taʻavale) ia ** puipuia Linux mai le tuʻuina o le pule o le NVMe e moe pe faʻagata vave **:

      nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0 nvme_core.io_timeout=300 pcie_aspm=off
      

11. Su'ega 4: Le Ta'amilosaga FTL Toe Fausiaina "Na'o le Malosi" Pulea (Mo Na'o Na'o le Malosi Fa'afuase'i Ma'i):
12. Afai e mou atu le SATA SSD po'o le NVMe SSD matua atu ina ua uma le ** pe'e fa'afuase'i po'o le malo malosi** (ma e leai ni fa'ailoga mu fa'aletino), e ono pipi'i lana api talaaga Fa'aliliuga Fa'aliliuga Fa'alotoifale i le taumafai e toe fa'afo'i le talaaga e fa'alavelave i le ta'i 3 sekone pe a tu'uina atu e lau fa'ailoga fa'ailoga pasi.
13. E fa'afefea ona fa'agasolo se ta'amilosaga na'o le Malosi e tasi saogalemu:
    • Mo le 2.5-inisi SATA SSD: Aveese atoa le 7-pin vaapiapi SATA Data Cable, ae tuu NA'O le lautele 15-pin SATA Power Cable e fesootai.
    • ** Mo se M.2 NVMe SSD: ** Faʻaofi le M.2 SSD i totonu o le USB-C NVMe pa, ma faʻapipiʻi le USB cable i totonu o le ** 5V USB Wall Phone Charger ** (lea e maua ai le mana mama 5V / 3.3V ** e aunoa ma se komepiuta USB data host e auina atu tulafono toe setiina **).
    • Tu'u le SSD e fa'aola i lenei tulaga le fa'alavelave-na'o le malosi mo 20 i le 30 minute (tuu le ili e feula i luga ina ia malu), ona tatala lea o le eletise mo le 60 sekone, toe fa'afeso'ota'i fa'amaumauga, ma siaki tasi i Linux (lsblk / nvme list).
    • Tulafono Malosi e Taofi: Afai e le toe aliali mai le taavale pe a uma le se tasi o le taamilosaga e 20-minute, TUMA AVAE ma se'i. O le tu'ua o se TLC/QLC SSD fa'aonaponei fa'atasi ai ma poloka NAND leaga e fa'aola mo itula e fa'aosoina ai le Tala'aga Lafoa'i e mafai ona fa'aumatia itulau e mafai ona toe fa'aleleia.

Cleanroom SSD toe fa'aleleia: O le a se mea e mafai ona fai e le fale su'esu'e fa'apolofesa pe a tu DIY¶

Afai e faʻaalia lau SSD 0 MB, SATAFIRM S11, SM2258AB, PS5018, po'o le tumau pea pe a uma ona tu'uina atu i fafo o le USB-C pa, leai se polokalama fa'apipi'i i luga ole lalolagi e mafai ona va'aia le ta'avale. I le taimi nei, e tatau ona e filifilia se suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa mo le toe faʻaleleia o faʻamaumauga o loʻo umia moni ** faʻapipiʻi firmware faʻapipiʻi ** (faʻapitoa le Ace Lab PC-3000 Portable III / PC-3000 SSD System):

1. Circuit-Level Shorted Capacitor / PMIC Repair: E tusa ma le 20 pasene o SSD ua mate atoa e mafatia i le pu'upu'u 50-sene masini faamama (VCC3V3 pe VCCQ uila afi) po'o le eFuse/PMIC pu'e i tafatafa o le M.2 so'oga. E su'e e se tekinisia i lalo o se masini fa'ata'ita'i leo le capacitor pu'upu'u ma se mea pu'e vevela ma sui i le 15 minute, toe fa'afo'i le 100 pasene o le ta'avale e aunoa ma le pa'i atu i tupe meataalo NAND.
2. Techno-Mode Bootloader Injection (PC-3000): E ala i le faapuupuuina o le lua microscopic ROM Mode / Boot Jumper pads i luga o le SSD PCB i le taimi o le eletise, e faamalosia e le lab le Phison, Silicon Motion, po o le Marvell controller e talia se masini faʻapipiʻi faʻapipiʻi faʻapitoa microcode loader i totonu o le SRAM, faʻagata le aoina o lapisi i tua ma toe faʻaleleia le faʻaogaina o le lapisi 'LFT faʻaogaina le faʻaogaina o le RAMFT. ia fa'atusaina mama.

Fesili e fai soo¶

Punavai ua siaki¶

• NVM Express Consortium: NVM Express Base Specification Rev. 2.0 (Vaega 5.14.1.2: SMART / Health Information Log Itulau 02h, Fa'amatalaga Mata'utia Lapataiga Bitmask 0x01 e ala i 0x10, ma le Asynchronous Event Request Tulafono Faitau-Na'o Suiga).
• Linux Kernel Documentation (kernel.org): NVMe Avetaavale Parameter (nvme_core.default_ps_max_latency_us=0, nvme_core.io_timeout), NTFS3 / EXT4 / XFS / Btrfs Faitau-Na'o Leai-Faitala-Lavea'i (ro,norecovery / ro,noload) Fa'amatalaga Mauga.
• GNU Poloketi / Free Software Foundation: GNU ddrescue Tusi Ta'iala: Fa'ata'ita'iga Le'o Fa'atama'ia le Tulaga Fa'apoloka o Fa'asalalauga Malosi'i Fa'aleagaina.
• National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST, United States): NIST Special Publication 800-88 Rev. 1 & Digital Forensics Guidelines on Solid-State Drive Flash Translation Layer (FTL) Amio.
• Open-Source NVMe Tooling (linux-nvme/nvme-cli): * Aloaia nvme-cli Telemetry ma le Health Log Diagnostic Standards*.

Taiala fa'atatau¶

• Fa'aletonu le ta'avale malo ma le toe fa'aleleia o fa'amatalaga fa'afuase'i
• Fa'afuase'i le tapeina o faila, fa'avasegaina le ta'avale, ma le toe fa'aleleia o ata
• BitLocker, FileVault, ma le LUKS encryption recovery key loka
• NAS ma RAID laina fa'aleagaina, tele le fa'aletonu o ta'avale, ma le ZFS/Btrfs toe fa'aleleia
• Fa'amaumauga fa'akomepiuta: 3-2-1 fuafuaga ma fa'alavelave fa'afuase'i
• Numera fa'alavelave fa'alelalolagi