Phanele ya Letlhakore la PC ya Galase e e Thubegileng le Ditlhatlhobo tsa go Tlhatloga ga Legadima¶

Go utlwa pop e e kwa godimo jaaka go thuntshiwa ga tlhobolo fa phanele ya letlhakore la galase e e bogale ya dimilimitara di le 4 (0.16-inch) ya PC ya gago ya motshameko e thunya go nna dikhube tsa galase tse di nang le dintlha tsa legare di le 10 000 le dikarolwana tsa silica tse dinnye thaele ya yone e e kgaoganang ka bonako masetlapelo a serweboleta. Se se senyang ka go lekana ke go tsena mo ofising ya gago morago ga setsuatsue sa selemo kgotsa go tima ga keriti ya ditirelo go tobetsa konopo ya maatla a PC mme o bone tidimalo e e feletseng, go tobetsa gangwe fela ka bonako ga tlamelo ya maatla, kgotsa boemakepe jo bo suleng jwa neteweke.

Mo maemong ano ka bobedi, se o se dirang mo metsotsong ya ntlha e le 5 se tlhomamisa gore a Yuniti ya gago ya Tlamelo ya Motlakase (PSU), karata ya dikerafiki, motherboard, le di-SSD tsa M.2 di tla falola di sa senyega kgotsa di tla senngwa fa o tsenya maatla a gago a a latelang. Go bulela PC morago ga go thunya ga galase e e bogale ntle le go apola tšhese go dira gore phepelo ya maatla le balatedi ba GPU ba tlhome marapo a galase mo di-capacitor tsa maatla a a kwa godimo le diphegwana tsa radiator, fa o ntse o tobetsa konopo ya maatla gangwe le gape mo khomphuteng e e senyegileng ka ntlha ya go tlhatloga go ka pateletsa module o o khutshwafaditsweng wa Molaodi wa Motlakase wa PSFET (VRM) go tlhama Mojule wa Molaodi wa Motlakase wa Motlakase (VRM) go tlhama. Kaedi eno e tlhalosa fisikisi e e tlhomameng ya gore ke ka ntlha yang fa thaele ya seramiki e thubaganya galase e e bogale, kafa o ka ntshang ka gone karolwana nngwe le nngwe ya galase e nnye mo PSU ya gago, GPU, le balatedi, le kafa o ka tsamaisang ka gone CMOS-reset le Breadboard Post-Lightning Surge Isolation Test e e rulagantsweng go supa gore a surge caller, PSU mothernet, mothernet ya gago e bolaile.

Dira se jaanong¶

1. Phetolola switšhi ya rocker ya PSU e e kwa morago go O (Off) mme o ntsha thapo ya motlakase wa AC ya 3-prong leboteng hanghang. Ebang phanele ya hao ya galase e tempered e sa tswa thubeha ha PC e ntse e sebetsa kapa PC ya hao e shwele nakong ya setsuatsue sa legadima, kgaola matla a leboteng la AC pele o ama chesi. Le ka motlha o se ke wa tlogela khomphiutha e dira ka galase e e thubegileng mo teng ga kgetsana: ditlhale tsa fene tse di dikologang (1,000 to 3,000 RPM) e ka latlhela dikhube tsa galase mo matlhong a gago kgotsa ya jamela karolo ya galase fa gare ga legare la fene le khoele ya terata, mme ya dira gore motlakase o fokotsege.
2. Apara ditlhako tse di tswetsweng, tshireletso ya matlho, le ditlelafo tse di bokete tsa tiro tse di sa kgoneng go segwa (letlalo kgotsa kevlar e e apesitsweng ka nitrile) pele ga o ama phanele ya galase e e thubegileng. Le fa galase e e thubegileng ya pabalesego e thubega go nna dikhube tsa matlapana tse di lebegang di le bodutu (dicing ofne), go thunya ka nako e le nngwe, dikarolwana tse dinnye tsa silika tse di bogale jaaka nale (0.1 to 2 millimeters long)** e e tsenang ntle le botlhoko mo dintlheng tsa menwana e e sa aparang le mo dinaong tse di sa aparang.
3. Fa galase e e bogale e ne e wela mo teng ga sekhurumetso se se kwa tlase sa tlamelo ya maatla kgotsa ka grille ya fene ya PSU, TLOSA KGOTSA EMISETSA PSU (o se ke wa tshikinya fela tora yotlhe ya PC e tlhatlogetse kwa tlase ka dikarolo tse di tsenngwang). Go tshikinya tora ya tafole e e kopantsweng ka botlalo e tlhatlogetse kwa tlase go tsenya torque e kgolo ya go kuta.4.4. karata ya dikerafo, go thuba motherboard PCIe x16 slot kapa ho tshwara GPU PCB notlela tab.
4. Fa PC ya gago e sa bulege morago ga go itewa ke legadima kgotsa go kgaoga ga motlakase, TLHAGISA Ethernet (RJ45) thapo, dithapo tsa go ela tlhoko tsa HDMI/DisplayPort, le thapo ya motlakase wa lebota, mme o tlhole gore a go na le monko wa ozone o o tukang. Mo e ka nnang diperesente di le 40 tsa dintsho tsa PC tsa legadima tsa bonno di tsena E SENG ka thapo ya motlakase ya AC, mme ka thapo ya coax/Ethernet go tswa mo modemeng ya mogala kgotsa surDMD- monithara. Fa o nkga polasetiki e e fileng kgotsa o bona mosi (bona PSU capacitor pop le monko wa go tuka ga motlakase mo PC), le ka motlha o se tsenye PSU eo gape.
5. O se ka wa dirisa setshwaraganyi sa tšhupu ya polasetiki e e sa tsenngwang mo mmung ka tlhamalalo kgatlhanong le motherboard e e senang sepe kgotsa diboto tsa sekete tsa GPU. Go ntsha mowa o o omileng le lerole go ralala ditšhupu tsa polasetiki tsa nosele go ntsha diketekete tsa di-volt tsa Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) tse di ka kgonang go nna dimojule tsa chi-RAM tse di sa aparang sepe. Dirisa khateboto-theipi, borashe jwa pente, le porothokholo ya go fetola maatla a kgogedi e e fa tlase mo dibotong tsa sekete, o boloke sebaka sa go ntsha leswe mo lebenkeleng fela mo fatshe le mo foreimeng ya kgetse ya tshipi e e senang sepe.
6. Pele o reka PSU kgotsa motherboard e nngwe morago ga go tlhatloga ga motlakase, tlosa CR2032 Beteri ya sele ya tshipi ya CMOS le borogo jwa CLR_CMOS diphini tsa jumper metsotswana e le 60. Go tlhatloga ga motlakase ka nakwana mo +5VSB (5-Volt Standby) seporo kgafetsa notlela motherboard ya **Super I / O tšhipi kapa Intel Taolo ya Enjene / AMD PSP latch ** ka boemo ba phoso e sireletsang moo konopo ya matla e hlokomolohuwang ka ho feletseng ho fihlela CMOS nako ea sebele tshupanako seporo e ka botlalo ho . 0.0V.

Setlhare sa Tshwetso: Go Thunya ga Galase e e Bogale kgatlhanong le Tlhatlhobo ya Morago ga Legadima¶

Latela lekala la molema fa phanele ya gago ya galase e e bogale e thubegile, kgotsa lekala la moja fa PC ya gago e gana go simolola morago ga setsuatsue, go kgaoga ga motlakase, kgotsa go phatsima ga motlakase.

flowchart TD
    A["Maemo a tshoganyetso a Serwethata ya PC ya Desekethopo"] --> B{"Ke boemo bofe jwa tshoganyetso jo bo diragetseng?"}
    B -->|"Phanele ya Letlhakore la Galase e e Bogale e Thubegile"| C["Ntsha Thapo ya AC mo polakeng -> Apara Ditlhako, Ditlelafo le Tshireletso ya Matlho"]
    C --> D["Tobetsa methalo e e tshwaraganeng ya Theipi e e bulegileng ya go Paka/Tshela mo godimo ga foreimi e e setseng ya galase e e lepeletseng pele o e tsholetsa"]
    D --> E["Tlosa GPU Pele -> Tlosa Setsidifatsi sa Mowa sa CPU le RAM -> Bolola Motherboard"]
    E --> F{"A dikhube tsa galase di ne tsa wela mo teng ga grille ya fene ya Tlamelo ya Motlakase (PSU)?"}
    F -->|"Ee: Fene ya PSU e ne e lebile GODIMO kgotsa ekesoso e e kwa morago"| G["Bolola PSU -> Tshwara ka tlhogo mme o tobetse ka bonolo / foka ka mowa o o mo makotikoting -> Fa go sa ntse go na le modumo ope, EMISETSA PSU"]
    F -->|"Nnyaa: Sekhurumetso sa tshipi e e tiileng + PSU e e lebileng kwa tlase"| H["Borashe di-PCB ka borashe bo bonolo ba ESD, hlatswa diphatlha tsa PCIe / RAM ka moya o ka makotikoting, kgapetla ya kgetse e se nang letho le fatshe, phimola ka taulo e metsi ya pampiri"]
    B -->|"PC e Sule kgotsa e Boot-Loop Morago ga Legadima / Go Tlhatloga ga Maatla"| I["Polaka Thapo ya AC, Thapo ya Ethernet, le Dikheibole tsa Pontsho -> Dupelela PSU le Motherboard VRM go bona monko o o fileng"]
    I --> J{"Monkgo ope o o fileng, capacitor e e thunyang, kgotsa letshwao le le fileng?"}
    J -->|"EE: Monkgo o o fileng kgotsa go fisiwa go go bonalang"| K["O SE KE WA BULELA: Emisetsa PSU ka bonako mme o tlhatlhobe di-PCB tsa motherboard/GPU pele o di dira diteko"]
    J -->|"GA GO na monko o o fileng: Ga e tsiboge gotlhelele kgotsa e tobetsa ka bonako"| L["Goga Beteri ya CMOS ya Metsotswana e le 60 + Drain ya PSU Latch -> Teko ka Lebota le le itsegeng le le siameng"]
    L --> M{"A o sa ntse o sule? Dira Tlhotlhomiso ya PSU Paperclip / Tester (E kgaotswe mo dikarolong tsotlhe tsa PC)"}
    M -->|"Fene ya PSU GA E Dikologe / Motlhatlhobi o Palelwa"| N["GO TLHOTLHOMA GO BOLAILE PSU: MOV/Fuse e ne ya intsha setlhabelo -> Tsenya PSU e ntšha ya ATX 3.0/3.1"]
    M -->|"PSU e a feta, mme Motherboard ga e kitla e simolola"| O["GO TSENA KA ETHERNET KGOTSA HDMI/DP: Go tlhotlhora go ya kwa Breadboard (CPU + 1 RAM thupa) le go dira teko mo sekepeng kgatlhanong le bidio ya GPU"]

Karolo 1: Ke Eng fa Diphanele tsa Matlhakore a Galase e e Bogale di Thunya mo Bodilong jwa Dithaele tsa Seramiki¶

Beke le beke, diketekete tsa baagi ba di-PC ba baya phanele ya bone ya galase e e bogale ka bonolo mo kitšhineng, mo ntlwaneng ya botlhapelo, kgotsa mo ofising thaele ya seramiki, thaele ya porcelain, granite, quartz, konkoreite, kgotsa fa fatshe ga mmabole, mme ba lebelela ba sa dumele fa letlhare lotlhe la galase le thunya go nna letlapa le le sa tlhomamang. Go tlhaloganya saense ya didirisiwa go go thibela gore o se ka wa senya phanele e e emisediwang:

1. Kgatelelo ya go Gagamala ya ka fa Gare e e Notleletsweng mo Gare ga Galase e e Bogale: Ka nako ya go dira, galase e e phaphametseng e gotediwa go fitlha go 620 didikirii tsa Celsius (didikirii tsa Fahrenheit di le 1,148) mme e thunya ka dijete tsa mowa tsa kgatelelo e e kwa godimo. Difatlhego tse di kwa ntle di a tsidifala le go ngotlega ka bonako fa konokono e e ka fa teng e nna e le e e nyerologang mme e gogela mo teng fa e ntse e tsidifala. Seno se lotlela karolo e e kwa ntle 20% letlalo mo kgatelelong e e kwa godimo ya kgatelelo (>69 MPa / 10,000 psi) fa konokono e e ka fa gare e ntse ka fa tlase ga kgatelelo ya go gagamala ya leruri, e e rweleng diporeng. Fa go ngapa go go nnye kgotsa go thulana ga ntlha go tsenelela fela 0.5 go ya go 0.8 millimeters ka letlalo le le kwa ntle le le gatelelang go tsena mo lefelong le le fa gare la go gagamala, letlhare lotlhe le golola maatla a lone a a bolokilweng a go elastic ka dimitara di le 1 500 ka motsotswana (3 350 mph), le thubaganya phanele yotlhe ka nako e le nngwe
2. Go sa Tshwane ga Bothata jwa Mohs (Ke Eng fa Thaele ya Seramiki e Bolaya Galase):
   • Galase ya soda-lime e e bogale e na le bothata jwa Mohs jwa 5.5, le dintlha le dikhutlo tsa yona tse di tlhagelelang tsa molelwane ke ntlha ya yona e e bokoa go gaisa ka gonne mela yotlhe ya kgatelelo ya ka fa gare e kokoane go bapa le dintlha.
   • Legong, laminate, vinyl, khapete, le khateboto (Mohs 1 to 3) di bonolo thata go feta galase: fa sekhutlo sa galase se ama tafole ya logong kgotsa fa fatshe ga laminate, logong lo a tlhotlhorega ka maekerosekopo mme lo anamise bokete mo dimilimetareng di le mmalwa tsa sekwere.
   • Thaele ya seramiki, thaele ya porselaine, kwatese, granite, le konkoreite di na le dithoro tsa aluminiamo oksaete ya kristale le silicon carbade tse di nang le bothata jwa Mohs jwa 7.0 to 9.0, thata go feta tshipi e e thatafaditsweng ya didirisiwa le thata go feta galase, MME di na le go elasticity ga lefela. Fa sekhutlo sa phanele ya galase e e bogale se ama bodilo jwa thaele ya seramiki le fa e le ka bokete jo bo bonolo jwa diatla, **diperesente di le 100 tsa bokete jwa phanele di kokoana mo selong se le sengwe se se bonwang ka maekerosekopo . 0.01-millimeter ceramic kristale tlhōrō **, hlahisa gigapascals ya ntlha ikopanye le khatello eo hang-hang phunya compressive bohale lera le detonates khalase.

Melao e 3 e e sa Thubegeng ya go Tshwara Diphanele tsa PC tsa Galase e e Bogale¶

• Molao 1: O se ka wa aga, wa phepafatsa, kgotsa wa bula PC ya galase e e bogale mo thaeleng ya seramiki, porcelain, letlapa, kgotsa fa fatshe ga konkoreiti e e senang sepe. Ka metlha tsamaisa PC mo godimo ga tafole ya logong, mmete wa rabara o o thibelang letsapa, taulo ya go tlhapa e e menaganeng, kgotsa khateboto e e sephaphathi mo kgetsing.
• Molao wa 2: Baya tora ya PC e le sephaphathi mo letlhakoreng la yone le le tiileng la kwa morago PELE o bofolola dikurufu tse 4 tsa menwana ya kgonope fa phanele ya gago ya galase e se na molomo o o kwa tlase o o tshwerweng kgotsa sekgomaretsi, ka jalo galase ga e kgone go wela kwa tlase mo ntlheng ya yone e e kwa tlase fa sekurufu sa bofelo se tswa.
• Molao wa 3: Tlhola gore di-grommets/washer tsotlhe tse 4 tsa rabara mo di-studs tsa go tlhomamisa kgetse di sa senyega. Go kopana ga tshipi le galase go tswa mo washer ya thumbscrew ya rabara e e tlhaelang go tla thubaganya phanele nako e e tlang fa kgetse e gotela le go atologa.

Karolo 2: Go Ntsha Dikarolwana tsa PC ya Gago Kgato ka Kgato¶

Fa phanele ya galase e e bogale e thubega fa e tlhomilwe mo letlhakoreng la kgetsana, dithotobolo tse pedi tse di farologaneng tsa galase di nela mo serwethateng sa gago: - Dikhube tse dikgolo tse di kgaogantsweng (3 to 8 millimeters): Wela ka tlase PSU seaparo, lula ka GPU backplate, 'me wedge pakeng tsa CPU tsidifatso heatsink diphuka. - Dikarolwana tsa Silica tsa Maekerosekopo (0.05 to 1 millimeter): Dinalete tsa galase tse di lekanang lerole tse di welang mo **bulegileng PCIe x16 mekoti, DDR4 / DDR5 RAM mekoti, M.2 disokete, GPU tsidifatso fene dibering, le pepesa mogote pads **.

Latela seno Tatelano ya Dikarolo tsa Dikgato di le 7 le go Tlhatswa Kgotlelego gore go se ka ga nna le sephatlo se se fitlhegileng se se tlhaolang lefelo kgotsa se se tshwarang fene:

Kgato 1: Theipa Foreime e e Lepeletseng le go Phimola Lefelo le le Gaufi la Bodilo¶

1. Fa dikarolo tsa galase e e phanyegileng e e bogale di santse di lepeletse di gokeletswe mo diporong tsa foreimi ya tshipi ya phanele e e fa thoko, tobetsa methalo e e tshwaraganeng ya theipi e e bulegileng e e phepa ya go paka kgotsa theipi ya duct go kgabaganya boalo jotlhe jo bo kwa ntle jwa galase pele o e tsholetsa. Seno se bofa dikhube tse di phanyegileng go nna letlhare le le fetofetogang gore di se ka tsa nela mo motherboard fa o ntse o tsholetsa foreimi kgakala.
2. Feela le go ntsha leswe mo bodilong jo bo dikologileng ka radius ya dimitara di le 2 (maoto a le 6.5) pele gore o se ka wa khubama kgotsa wa gata galase fa o ntse o bereka mo khomphuteng.

Kgato 2: Baya Kgetse e le Sephaphathi mme o Tlose Karata ya Dikerafo (GPU) Pele¶

1. Beha tora ya PC ka bonolo ka ho rapama hodima tafole e nang le khateboto kapa lesela la kgale la malao (ka lehlakoreng le bulehileng le shebile hodimo ka kotloloho).
2. Borashe le go foka dikhube tsotlhe tse di bonalang tsa galase tse di mo godimo ga sejana sa morago sa GPU le go dikologa PCIe x16 retention latch PELE ga o lotlolola selotlolo. Fa go tsentswe karolwana e nnye ya galase ka fa morago ga lephuka la polasetiki la PCIe mme o tobetsa thata mo lefukeng ka sekurufuteraifa, o tla kgaola selotlolo.
3. Unscrew GPU PCIe bracket dikurufu, tobetsa slot tokollo latch, 'me u phahamisa karete ea dikerafiki ka kotloloho holimo le ho tsoa ka nyeoe:
   • Tshwara GPU godimo ga bini ya matlakala ka difene tsa tsidifatso di lebile kwa tlase ka tlhamalalo.
   • Dikolosa legare lengwe le lengwe la fene ya GPU ka iketlo ka seatla (1 revolution) mme o reetse/utlwe modumo ope wa go tlhotlhora kgotsa wa go tobetsa: fa karolwana ya galase e wela ka fa morago ga hub ya fene mo godimo ga stator sa enjene kgotsa fa gare ga diphegwana tsa radiator, tobetsa sekhurumetso sa fene sa polasetiki ka bonolo mme o foke **mowa o o gateletsweng o o mo makotikoting ka angle ya 45-degree go tswa mo letlhakoreng la fene ya kwa morago go feta mo sefatlhegong sa aluminum se se tlhomameng.
   • Hlahloba Dipedi tsa Mogote tse pepesitsweng: Sheba ho latela ntlha ya lehlakoreng la GPU pakeng tsa PCB le heatsink: dipedi tsa mogote tsa silicone tse bonolo tse koahelang ditshipi tsa VRAM le di-MOSFET di kgomarela mme di tshwara lerole la khalase e nyane. Dirisa di-tweezers go ntsha galase epe e e kgomaretseng mo dintlheng tse di kgomarelang tsa dipedi tsa mogote.

Kgato 3: Phepafatsa Setsidifatsi sa Mowa sa CPU / Diphegwana tsa Radiator ya AIO le Difene tsa Kgetse¶

1. Bolola Tora ya Setsidifatsi sa Mowa sa CPU kgotsa Radiator ya AIO mo kgetsaneng/botong ya mme (boloka CPU e notletswe mo teng ga sokete ya yone ya boto ya mme gore lerole la galase le se ka la tsena mo diphining tsa sokete; bona diphini tsa sokete ya CPU tse di obegileng le go tlosiwa ga heatsink e e kgomaretseng).
2. Retolosa tora ya heatsink ya aluminiamo kgotsa radiator mo godimo ga bini, tobetsa foreimi ya tshipi ka bonolo ka setshwaro sa sekurufu go latlhela dikhube tsa galase tse di wedged go tswa mo diphukeng tsa aluminiamo tse di nang le masenke, mme o foke mowa o o gateletsweng ka diphuka ka bobedi.
3. Sekurufu tsotlhe tsa difene tsa go tsenya le tsa go ntsha mosi, di fetole, mme o netefatse gore hub nngwe le nngwe ya fene e dikologa ka thelelo mme ga go na modumo wa go gotlha.

Kgato 4: Tlhatlhoba le go Tlhatswa Diphatlha tsa Motherboard (PCIe, RAM, M.2)¶

1. Tlogela CPU le RAM dithupa tse di tsenngwang mo teng ga diphatlha tsa tsone fa o ntse o tlhatswa boalogodimo jwa motherboard: di dira jaaka dithebe tsa mmele tse di bolokang dikarolo tsa galase di se mo soketeng e e borethe le dikgolagano tsa DIMM.
2. O dirisa borashe jo bo phepa, jo bo bonolo jwa nylon kgotsa borashe jwa ESD jo bo lwantshanang le go ema, gogola dikhube tsotlhe tsa galase le lerole la silica mo godimo ga motherboard, di-heatsink tsa VRM, le dipoleiti tsa ntwa tsa M.2 mo sejaneng sa lerole.
3. Funya Bula PCIe le Lolea RAM Slots With Canned Air: Tshwara lebotlolo la setlhatswa-lerole sa ileketeroniki se se gateletsweng se tlhamaletse mme o foke boleele jotlhe jwa nngwe le nngwe ya PCIe slot le pakeng tsa RAM dithupa. Le ka motlha o se sutumetse thupa ya RAM kgotsa GPU morago mo lesobeng fa o utlwa go tlhotlhorega ga gritty: thoro ya galase ya 0.2-millimeter kwa tlase ga lesobe la DDR5 kgotsa PCIe e tla thibela menwana ya gauta go nna ka botlalo le go koba diphini tsa go ikgolaganya.

Kgato 5: Tlhatlhobo ya Galase ya Yuniti ya Tlamelo ya Motlakase (PSU) (Tlhatlhobo ya Pabalesego ya Botshelo)¶

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  DID TEMPERED GLASS ENTER YOUR POWER SUPPLY (PSU)?                    |
|                                                                       |
|  SAFE SCENARIO: Your case has a full-length solid steel PSU shroud    |
|  AND your PSU was mounted with its intake fan facing DOWN toward the  |
|  bottom dust filter. -> Brush off the outside, blow out the rear      |
|  honeycomb grille with canned air, and reuse safely.                  |
|                                                                       |
|  HIGH-RISK SCENARIO: Your PSU was mounted with its intake fan facing  |
|  UP inside an open case (or glass cubes bounced through the rear      |
|  honeycomb exhaust mesh into the PSU PCB).                            |
|  -> Unbolt the PSU and disconnect all modular cables.                 |
|  -> Hold the PSU with the fan grille facing straight DOWN over a      |
|     cardboard box and gently tap the sides while blowing canned air   |
|     in through the rear honeycomb mesh.                               |
|  -> Tilt the PSU side-to-side: if you still hear even ONE glass cube  |
|     sliding or rattling inside, DO NOT PLUG IT IN. Replace the PSU.   |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+

• Ke ka ntlha yang fa Cube ya Galase mo Teng ga PSU e ka Baka Molelo kgotsa go Thunya: Fa galase ka boyone e le sethibela-motlakase (silicon dioxide), cube ya galase e e sa tlhomamang ya dimilimitara di le 4 e e tlhotlhoregang mo teng ga PSU e ka tshwara legare la fene e e tsidifatsang (ya baka go dikologa ga PSU e e didimetseng kgotsa **go dikologa ga mogote o o kwa godimo fa gare ga the tshesane enamel kwahelang ya mantlha PFC inductor khoele **, ho hlohlora ka koporo makenete-thapo kwahelang le khutsufatsa ** 400V DC mantlha terene **.

Kgato 6: Go Fetsa Fa fatshe ga "Taulo ya Pampiri e e Metsi le Selae sa Borotho"¶

Morago ga go ntsha leswe mo kgapetleng ya kgetse ya PC ya tshipi e e sa aparang sepe le fa fatshe ga phaposi ka motšhini o o ntshang leswe wa lebenkele: - Phimola fa fatshe, tafole, le ka hare ho chesi ya PC ya tshepe e se nang letho ka dithaole tsa pampiri tse metsi tse menehilweng ka dipedi tse teteaneng (kapa o tobetse selae sa borotho bo bobebe bo bobebe hodima mela ya tile grout) mme o di lahlele ka kotloloho ka kgetsi ya matlakala e tiisitsweng. Ditlhale tsa selulose tse di metsi di tsaya dilo tse di sa bonaleng 0.1-millimeter dinalete tsa silica tse ditlhale tsa vacuum di di tlogelang. - Kafa o ka Emisetsang Phanele e e Thubegileng ka Gone: Ikgolaganye le tshegetso ya bareki ya modiri wa kgetse ya PC ya gago (Corsair, Lian Li, NZXT, Moakanyetso wa Fractal, Phanteks, Mong wa Cooler, Hyte, le Montech tsotlhe di rekisa kgotsa di romela diphanele tsa matlhakore tse di emisediwang ka $15 to $35, mme ba le bantsi ba romela ntlha ya go emisetsa mahala ka fa tlase ga tiisetso ya bomolemo fa o romela senepe sa phanele e e thubegileng le nomoro ya tatelano). Fa o batla tlhabololo e e thibelang go thubega, kopa mofuta wa phanele ya letlhakore ya letlowa la tshipi e e phunyeleditsweng ya sekao sa gago sa kgetse, kgotsa dira gore lebenkele la dipolasetiki la selegae le sege letlhare la 4 mm latlhela acrylic (Plexiglas) kgotsa polycarbonete (Lexan) go ya ka dilekanyo tse di tlhomameng mme o bore dikhuti di le 4 tsa go tlhoma dikhutlo.

Karolo 3: Ditlhatlhobo tsa PC tsa Morago ga go Itlhaya ga Legadima le go Tlhatlhoba ga Maatla a Motlakase¶

Go tweng fa legadima le ka itaya pale ya motlakase e e gaufi, transformer, kgotsa setlhare, kgotsa keriti ya motlakase e phatsima ka maatla le go tshuba makgetlo a le mmalwa ka nako ya setsuatsue, mme jaanong PC ya gago ya desekethopo e sule gotlhelele fa o tobetsa konopo ya motlakase (kgotsa e bulega ka difene tse di dikologang le sekerini se sentsho)?

1. Go Tlhaloganya Ditsela Tse 3 Tse Legadima le Tsenang ka Tsone mo PC ya Desekethopo¶

Bontsi jwa badirisi ba tsaya gore go tlhatloga ga legadima go tsamaya fela ka thapo ya motlakase ya AC ya 3-prong, mme ba gakgamala fa PC ya bone e swa le fa e ne e tsentswe mo mothapong wa maatla o o turang wa go sireletsa go tlhatloga ga legadima:

2. Porothokholo ya go Itlhaola ka Kgato ka Kgato (Go Batla Se se Suleng)¶

O se ke wa reka motherboard e ntjha, CPU, le GPU ka ho sa hlophiswa. Latela Tatelano ya go Itlhaola ya Dikgato di le 5 ka tatelano e e tlhomameng:

Kgato 1: "CMOS ya Zero-Volt & Seta Sešwa sa Latch ya go Leta" (E baakanya 30% ya di-PC tsa Surge tse di "Sweleng" mahala)¶

Fa go phatsima ga motlakase ka bonako kgotsa go tima ga motlakase go itaya PC ya desekethopo, tlamelo ya motlakase e +5VSB (5-Volt Standby) seporo se fetogafetoga ka tsela e e sa siamang, se notlela molaodi wa taolo ya maatla a Super I/O** ya boto ya mme mo seemong se se sireletsang sa "setswalelo sa brownout". Fa fela PSU e tsentswe mo polakeng kgotsa CR2032 beteri e tsentswe, setswalelo seo sa phoso se nna se gatsetse mme se itlhokomolose konopo ya maatla ya phanele e e kwa pele:

1. Fetola switšhe ya PSU e e kwa morago go O (Tima) le ntsha thapo ya motlakase wa AC, thapo ya Ethernet, le dithapo tsotlhe tsa USB/pontsho go tswa kwa morago ga PC.
2. ** Tshwara konopo ya matla a pele a kgetse ya PC bakeng sa metsotswana e 30 e feletseng ** (sena se ntsha tefiso e setseng ho tswa ho PSU le motherboard bongata ba capacitors).
3. Ntsha kgolokwe ya selefera CR2032 Beteri ya sele ya tšhelete ya CMOS go tswa mo motherboard (o ka nna wa tlhoka go ntsha GPU pele fa e khurumetsa betri).
4. Borogo jwa tshipi e le 2 CLR_CMOS (Phimola CMOS / JBAT1) diphini mo motherboard ka ntlha ya sekurufu sa tshipi metsotswana e e tletseng e le 60, mme o tlogele CR2032 beteri e tswa mo tafoleng ya gago metsotso e le 10.
5. Tsenya gape CR2032 betri, tsenya thapo ya motlakase wa PC ka tlhamalalo mo leboteng le le itsegeng le le dirang (o fapoga mogala wa gago wa bogologolo wa surge-protector, o MOV wa one wa ka fa gare o ka tswang o bulegile kgotsa o khutshwane ka nako ya setsuatsue), mme o tobetse konopo ya motlakase.

Kgato 2: Leka Tlamelo ya Motlakase ka go Itlhaola (Teko ya PSU Jumper / Paperclip)¶

Fa PC e sa ntse e bontsha go dikologa ga fene ga lefela morago ga go seta sešwa ga CMOS, o tshwanetse go tlhomamisa gore a PSU ka boyone e sule, kgotsa a karolo e e khutshwafaditsweng mo motherboard/GPU e pateletsa PSU e e itekanetseng go tima ka bonako (SCP / Tshireletso ya Potologo e Khutshwane):

1. Tima PSU, ntsha thapo ya lebota, mme ntsha thapo NNGWE le NNGWE ya motlakase e e golaganyang PSU le khomphiutha (24-pin ATX thapo ya boto ya mme, 8-pin EPS Thapo ya CPU, PCIe / 12VHPWR Dikheibole tsa GPU, le SATA dikheibole tsa go kgweetsa). Le ka motlha o se ke wa dira teko ya paperclip fa megala e santse e tsentswe mo serwethateng sa gago.
2. Leba polasetiki 24-pin ATX segokaganyi sa motherboard se segolo se se nang le setshwantsho se se lotlelang se lebile GODIMO:
   • Batla Pin 16 (PS_ON# / Power-On signal): Fa o leba mo dikhuting tsa diphini tse di nang le setshwantsho se se mo godimo mme o bala mola o o kwa godimo go tswa ka fa molemeng go ya kwa mojeng, ke pini ya bo4 go tswa ka fa molemeng mo letlhakoreng la setshwantsho (mo megaleng ya bogologolo ya mebala e mentsi, ke thapo e le nngwe e tala).
   • Batla Pin 17 (COM / Ground): Pin ya bo 5 go tswa ka fa molemeng mo letlhakoreng la setshwantsho ka fa mojeng go bapa le Pin 16 (thapo e ntsho).
3. Fa PSU ya gago e tlile ka polasetiki Kepisi ya Teko ya Jumper ya diphini di le 24 (e e akareditsweng mo lebokosong le le nang le diyuniti tsa EVGA, Seasonic, le Corsair), e tshware mo polakeng ya diphini di le 24; go seng jalo, koba setshwariso sa pampiri sa tshipi e e sa aparang go nna sebopego sa U mme o tsenye dintlha tsa sona ka thata mo Pin 16 le Pin 17.
4. Netefatsa gore konopo ya fene ya PSU ya "Zero RPM / Eco Mode" e e kwa morago e switlilwe OFF, tsenya thapo ya AC mo leboteng, mme o fetole switšhi ya PSU go I (E butswe):
   • Fa fene ya PSU e SA dikologe gotlhelele (kgotsa e tobetsa morago ga metsotswana e le 0.5) fa e kgaotswe gotlhelele mo PC: PSU ya gago e sule. E ne ya monya go tlhatloga ga legadima mme ya intsha setlhabelo go sireletsa khomphutha ya gago. Emisetsa PSU (mme o emisetse strip sa hao sa tshireletso ya metsi).
   • Fa fene ya PSU e dikologa sentle (kgotsa sediriswa sa go tlhatlhoba PSU sa ATX sa dijithale se bala sentle +12.0V, +5.0V, le +3.3V): PSU ya gago e a tshela, go raya gore e ka tswa e le gore sekete sa go tsenya maatla sa motherboard se paletswe, kgotsa karolo e e khutshwafaditsweng mo motherboard/GPU e kgopisa tshireletso ya PSU fa e tsentswe mo polakeng.

Kgato 3: Kgaoganya GPU e e Khutshwafaditsweng kgotsa Chip ya Ethernet e e Khutshwafaditsweng (Teko ya Bonnye jwa Breadboard)¶

Go tweng fa PSU ya gago e falola teko ya go ikemela ka nosi (kgotsa o tsenya PSU e ntšha), o tsenya 24-pin le 8-pin CPU dithapo mo motherboard, tobetsa maatla, mme o utlwe ** * tobetsa * e le nngwe ya tshipi go tswa mo PSU e e nang le boot ya lefela **? Tobetsa eo ke Tshireletso ya Potologo e Khutshwane ya PSU (SCP) go kgopiwa 2 milliseconds ka gonne karolo e e mo 12V, 5V, kgotsa 3.3V seporo se khutshwafaditswe ka tlhamalalo go ya kwa fatshe:

1. Teko 1 (Ntsha Karata ya Dikerafo mo Polakeng Gotlhelele): Ntsha PCIe / 12VHPWR megala ya motlakase go tswa mo GPU ya gago mme o goge GPU gotlhelele mo PCIe x16 selotlolo. Jaanong tobetsa konopo ya maatla:
   • Fa motherboard e bonesa mme balatedi ba CPU/case ba dikologa ka tlwaelo fela fa GPU e tlosiwa: Go tlhatloga (kgotsa seporo sa 12V se se sa direng sentle) go khutshwafaditse kgato ya maatla a DrMOS mo karateng ya gago ya dikerafiki, mme motherboard ya gago, CPU, le RAM di siame gotlhelele.
2. Teko 2 (Tlhola gore a go na le Ethernet / Chip ya Modumo e e Gadikilweng ke Legadima): Fa e le gore motherboard e sa ntse e sa bulege (kgotsa e bulega gape e se na POST) morago ga setsuatsue sa legadima fa thapo ya Ethernet e neng e tsentswe mo polakeng, **baya monwana wa gago ka bonolo mo sekwereng se sennye se se mo botong / Molaodi wa mothernet o o mo botong tshipi RJ45 LAN port) metsotswana e le 5 fa maatla a standby a dirisiwa:
   • Fa tšhipi e nnye eo ya sekwere sa LAN e ka nna mogote ka bonako (>80°C) fa PC e timilwe, legadima le ne la tsamaya mo thapong ya Ethernet mme la kopanya tšhipi ya LAN mo teng go kgabaganya 3.3V Standby seporo. Motegeniki wa go lota ka dilo tse dinnye a ka kgona go lota dilo tseo ka mowa o o mogote $3 Ethernet IC mo metsotsong e le 5 go busetsa motherboard yotlhe mo botshelong (o ka nna wa dirisa $15 PCIe Ethernet karete kapa Wi-Fi).
3. Teko 3 (Kgaoga Konopo ya Maatla a Kgetse e e Thubegileng): Polaka phanele e e kwa pele PWR_SW Thapo ya diphini di le 2 go tswa kwa tlase ka fa mojeng F_PANEL tlhogo mo motherboard o bo o kgoma bobedi jono PWR_BTN+ le PWR_BTN- diphini mmogo motsotswana o le 1 ka ntlha ya sekurufu sa tshipi go netefatsa gore konopo ya kgetse ga e a palelwa.

Dipotso tse di bodiwang kgapetsakgapetsa¶

Metswedi e tlhotlhomisitswe¶

• ASTM Boditšhabatšhaba le Mokgatlho wa Galase wa Amerika Bokone (GANA): ASTM C1048 Tlhaloso ya Tlwaelo ya Galase e e Sephaphathi e e Nonotshitsweng ka Mogote le e e Bogale ka Botlalo (Bomekheniki jwa kgatelelo ya kgatelelo ya kgatelelo ya kgatelelo kgatlhanong le bogare, go nna mo kotsing ya go thubega ga dintlha mo di-substrate tsa seramiki tse di kwa godimo tsa Mohs, le $$S sulfi Nickel).
• Setheo sa Baenjenere ba Motlakase le Eleketeroniki (IEEE) le Dilaboratori tsa Bakwadisi (UL): IEEE C62.41 Mokgwa o o Kgothaletswang wa go Tlhaola Ditlhatlogo tsa Motlakase mo Diseketeng tsa Motlakase o o kwa Tlase (1000 V le Kwa Tlase) le *Projeke ya UL 144 (Multi-tsela tlhatlogo go tsena ka Ethernet / coax / HDMI fatshe loops le MOV clamping boitshwaro).
• Koporasi ya Intel: Kaedi ya Moakanyetso wa Tlamelo ya Maatla ya Diterena tse dintsi tsa Mofuta wa ATX 3.0 / 3.1 (PS_ON# Pin 16 e e dirang-e e kwa tlase e bontsha, +5VSB go tswalela phoso ya standby, Tshireletso ya Motlakase o o Feteletseng OVP, le Tshireletso ya Sekete se sekhutshwane SCP dipalopalo tsa leeto).
• Mokgatlho wa go Tlosa Motlakase (ESDA / EOS/ESD): ANSI/ESD S20.20 Tshireletso ya Dikarolo tsa Motlakase le tsa Eleketeroniki, Dikopano le Didirisiwa (Dikotsi tsa go tlhagisa motlakase o o sa fetogeng wa Triboelectric go tswa mo dinosele tsa motlakase tse di sa tsenngwang mo mmung mo di-PCB tse di senang sepe).

Dikaedi tse di tsamaelanang¶

• PSU capacitor pop, 12VHPWR sehokedi qhibidiha, le motlakase tukang monko ka PC
• CPU e ntshitswe mo soketeng e e notletsweng ka heatsink kgotsa diphini tsa sokete tsa motherboard tse di obegileng
• Go gotela thata ga PC le go tlhaola go dutla ga setsidifatsi sa seedi
• Go dira ga GPU le go thubega ga serwethata
• Motlakase o kgaoga fa o ntse o bereka ka remote
• Pabalesego ya ditsuatsue le dikgadima
• Dinomoro tsa tshoganyetso