Chainsaw Kickback, Inkingi Yamasoko, nigiti cyo gutemagura ibikomere¶

Urunigi no gutema ibiti biri mu byago byahitanye abantu benshi haba mu mashyamba yabigize umwuga ndetse no gusukura nyir'inzu. Benzin igezweho cyangwa ikoreshwa na bateri ikoresha urunigi rw'icyuma gikarishye cyuma cyogosha kizengurutse umurongo uyobora umuvuduko wa metero 18 kugeza 28 kuri segonda (40 kugeza 62 mph) ** mugihe moteri izunguruka kuri ** 10,000 kugeza 14,000 kumunota (RPM) **. Bitandukanye nicyuma cyo mu gikoni cyangwa urupapuro rwicyuma gikata umurongo usukuye, amenyo yumunyururu akozwe nka miniature gouging chisels ihekenya milimetero ** kugeza kuri 10 z'ubugari (0.25 kugeza kuri 0.4-inimero) umuyoboro wa kerf **, gutanyagura no gukurura uruhu, imitsi, amagufwa, hamwe nimiyoboro minini mugice cya kabiri.

Iyo isonga yo hejuru yumunyururu uyobora ku buryo butunguranye ikora ku ishami, igiti cyihishe, cyangwa uruhande rwikariso, inkoni irashobora gukubita inyuma muri arc ya dogere 90 yerekeza mu maso, ijosi, urutugu rw'ibumoso, cyangwa ikibero mu masegonda ** 0.10 kugeza kuri 0.15-isegonda ** y'ubwonko bw'imitsi ya muntu. Ndetse byica kurusha icyuma kibona ubwacyo ni imbaraga zidasanzwe za rukuruzi na elastique zibitswe imbere yibiti bihagaze hamwe nimbaho ​​zimanikwa ninkubi y'umuyaga: kugwa amaguru yapfuye hejuru (** abapfakazi ), imitwe ihanamye igabanywa ( kogosha kogosha ), ingemwe zunamye munsi yumuvurungano ( inkingi yimvura **), hamwe nudusimba twumuti tumenagura nyuma yumuyaga; reba umuyaga n'ibihuhusi. Kumenya guhagarika amaraso yumuvuduko wa arterial ako kanya, uburyo bwo gusohora neza umukozi wapine utarinze gutera umuzingo wa kabiri, nuburyo bwo gusoma impagarara zinkwi mbere yo gutema bikiza ubuzima.

Kora ubu¶

1. ** Funga moteri yumunyururu cyangwa fata feri yimbere imbere ako kanya mbere yo kwegera uwakomeretse. Kuramo umuriro uhagarike kuri OFF hanyuma usunike padiri imbere-kurinda imbere kugirango ufunge feri yumunyururu.
2. ** Koresha umuvuduko ukabije cyangwa uruziga rw'umuyaga uhita uhita uva mu gihimba gikomeye cyangwa ku ijosi. Kugirango utere cyangwa uhuze amaraso kumaboko cyangwa ukuguru, kanda ikirahuri cyubucuruzi cyumuyaga ** tourniquet ya santimetero 5 kugeza kuri 7 (santimetero 2 kugeza kuri 3) hejuru y igikomere ** hanyuma uhindukire kugeza amaraso yose ahagaritse; ku bikomere byo mu ijosi, ku rutugu, cyangwa mu kibuno, shyira umwobo neza hamwe na gaze ya hemostatike cyangwa sterile hanyuma ukande cyane n'amaboko yombi; reba kuva amaraso ubufasha bwambere.
3. ** Hamagara nomero yawe yihutirwa ako kanya hanyuma utange umurongo wa GPS wo mucyaro cyangwa inzira nyabagendwa. ** Hamagara 911 muri Amerika na Kanada, 112 hirya no hino mubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, cyangwa 999 mu Bwongereza (reba nimero yihutirwa). Niba ukorera mumashyamba ya kure, ohereza umuntu wa kabiri mumuhanda munini kugirango umanure ambulance cyangwa uyobore kajugujugu gutabara ikirere.
4. ** Shakisha amashami "umupfakazi" wahagaritswe hanyuma urebe niba uhagaze neza mbere yo gupfukama iruhande rw'igiti cyaciwe. ** Ntukigere wihutira guhuma buhumyi munsi yigiti kimanitse cyangwa igice cyacitsemo ibice kugirango ukure umuntu. Hitamo cyangwa uzenguruke umugozi uzunguruka kuruhande rwo hasi kugirango udashobora gutura hejuru yuwahohotewe cyangwa kugukubita.
5. ** Kurikiza Itegeko rya Crush Syndrome yiminota 15 niba igiti kinini kiremereye amaguru yuwahohotewe cyangwa igitereko. Niba zarahambiriwe munsi yumutiba munini wa ** iminota irenga 15 **, tegereza inkeragutabara zateye imbere zitanga amazi yimitsi n'imiti * mbere yo * kuzamura ibiro, keretse igituza kidashobora guhumeka; reba gukomeretsa no gukomeretsa.
6. ** Komeza ubudahangarwa bw'umugongo kandi uvurwe no gutungurwa nyuma yumupfakazi cyangwa inkurikizi-inkingi. komeza umurwayi neza, utuje, kandi uzenguruke mubiringiti byumye mugihe ukurikirana umwuka wabo.

Imbaraga enye zifatika zumunyururu nimpamvu kickback ikubita refleks yabantu¶

Buri mukoresha wumunyururu yiboneye imbaraga enye zifatika zakozwe nizunguruka zuzunguruka zikorana nimbaho. Kumva uburyo izo mbaraga zikora mumaboko yawe birinda gutakaza ubuyobozi biganisha ku ihahamuka.

flowchart TD
    A["Iminyururu cyangwa Igiti Kugwa Byihutirwa"] --> B{"Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imvune bwabaye?"}
    B -->|"Urunigi rw'urunigi (Ikibero, Ukuboko, Ijosi, cyangwa Isura)"| C["KUGENZURA AMARASO Yambere"]
    C --> D["Igikomere cyo mu gihimba: Koresha amarushanwa yubucuruzi kuri cm 5 kugeza kuri 7 hejuru y igikomere + umuvuduko utaziguye"]
    C --> E["Ijosi / Urutugu / Igikomere cya Groin: Gupakira igikomere neza hamwe na gaze hanyuma ufate igitutu gikomeye"]
    B -->|"Yashizwe munsi yumuti wigiti cyaguye cyangwa umupira wumuzi"| F{"Igituza / inzira yumuyaga irajanjaguwe CYANGWA ikomye <iminota 15?"}
    F -->|"Yego: Isanduku yometse cyangwa <15 min"| G["Chock / crib log irwanya kuzunguruka, hanyuma uzamure / uhagarike uburemere ako kanya"]
    F -->|"Oya: Amaguru / pelvis yakubiswe> iminota 15 no guhumeka neza"| H["Igiti cyizewe hamwe na cribbing; hamagara 911/112/999; tegereza inkeragutabara Crush Syndrome IV protocole mbere yo guterura"]
    B -->|"Yakubiswe na Overhead Widowmaker Limb cyangwa Pole"| I["Kureka ingofero mu mwanya niba uhumeka neza; kudahagarika umutwe / umugongo; genzura igituza / ihahamuka ryo munda"]

1. Gusubira inyuma (Umutego wo hejuru-Quadrant Umutego)¶

** Kuzunguruka gusubira inyuma ** ishinzwe cyane cyane isura yo mumaso, ijosi, nigitugu cyurunigi:

• ** Fizika ya Zone ya Upper-Quadrant Kickback: ** Mugihe urunigi rwibiti ruzenguruka uruziga ruzengurutse (izuru) rwumurongo uyobora, amenyo yo gukata kuri ** hejuru ya kwadrant yo hejuru yumurongo wumurongo ** agenda amanuka asubira inyuma yerekeza kuri metero 20+ kumasegonda (45+ mph). Niba ayo menyo yo hejuru yizuru akora ku kintu gikomeye (nk'igiti cya kabiri cyihishe inyuma yicyo urimo gutema, igiti cyishami, uruhande rwumwobo waciwe, cyangwa umwanda ukonje cyane), iryinyo riracukura kandi ntirishobora gukurura ikintu kitimukanwa ukoresheje icyuma.
• ** Amategeko ya gatatu ya Newton ahita yitwara: ** Aho gukata, iryinyo ryacukuye ryimura inertie zose za moteri kugirango zite hejuru yigitereko kiyobora urugomo ** hejuru no gusubira inyuma muri arc ifatanye neza yerekeza mumutwe wawe nigitugu cyibumoso **.
• ** Impamvu refleks ya muntu idashobora kuyihagarika: ** Kuzenguruka cyane-RPM kuzunguruka kuzunguruka umurongo uyobora dogere 90 hejuru hejuru ya ** 0.10 kugeza 0.15 amasegonda **. Kuberako impyiko zumuntu zifata byibura amasegonda 0,20 kugirango ugende uva mumaso yawe ujya mumitsi y'intoki, ntushobora kubyitwaramo mugihe gikwiye. Gusa ** kwirwanaho bibiri bya mashini ** guhagarika icyuma mbere yuko kigukubita mumaso:
• ** Gupfunyika urutoki rwawe rw'ibumoso HASI HANZE y'imbere: ** Niba ufashe ikibaho cy'imbere ukoresheje "ingurube-igikumwe" gifata inkende (igikumwe kiruhukira hejuru y'akabari iruhande rw'intoki zawe), umugeri uca urutoki mu ntoki zawe. Gupfunyika igikumwe cyawe cy'ibumoso munsi yumubari ufunga ukuboko kwawe hanyuma ugahatira gutera umugeri kugirango uzunguruke mu kuboko kwawe kwi bumoso, ukubita inyuma yukuboko kwawe kwi bumoso uhita urwanya feri ya feri ya **.
• ** Feri ya Inertia na Mechanical Feri: ** Feri ikora urunigi ikora ihagarika urunigi ruzunguruka rwapfuye mumasegonda ** 0.06 kugeza 0.12 ** haba mugihe ukuboko kwawe kwi bumoso gukubita padi cyangwa mugihe inertia yimbere yimbere yunvikana ubukana bwa G-imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma.

2. Kurura, gusunika-inyuma, n'umurongo ugereranya imbaraga¶

Gutema ibiti no kwangiza umuyaga: abapfakazi, intebe zo kogosha, inkingi yimvura, nudupira twimizi¶

Mu mashyamba yabakozi hamwe no gusukura nyuma yumuyaga, abantu benshi bishwe ninkwi ** batema ** kuruta amenyo yumunyururu. Mbere yo gukora ku giti cyiruka ku giti icyo ari cyo cyose gihagaze cyangwa kugwa, genzura ibiti kuri ibi byago bine byica:

1. Hejuru "abapfakazi" n'ibiti bimanikwa¶

Umupfakazi ** ni ikintu cyose cyacitse, cyapfuye, cyaboze, cyangwa gitandukanijwe kimanitse neza hejuru yigitereko cyo hejuru cyigiti urimo gutema (cyangwa mugiti cyegeranye), kimwe nigiti cyatemwe gifatwa hagati mumashami yigiti gituranye (** igiti kimanitse **):

• ** Imbaraga zinyeganyega ziragwa: ** Urunigi rwawe rukimara gukata munsi yigiti cyangwa ugakubita umugozi wa pulasitike ukoresheje ishoka, kunyeganyega kwa mashini bigenda hejuru yumutwe hanyuma ukazunguza ingingo zipima ibiro 100 (ibiro 220) kuva kuri metero 15 (metero 50) hejuru. Amashami yaguye agwa bucece mugihe ugutwi kwawe kutumva kubera 110-decibel gutontoma k'umunyururu hamwe n'amatwi yawe.
• ** Amategeko atatu yingenzi yerekeye ibiti bimanikwa: ** Niba igiti watemye kijugunywa mu kindi giti ukanga kugwa hasi:
• ** NTUKIGERE ugenda munsi yigiti kimanitse. **
• ** NTUKIGERE ugerageza kugwa ku giti gishyigikira igiti cya mbere gishingiye. **
• ** NTUKIGERE uzamuka igiti cyegamiye cyangwa ngo ugerageze gutema igiti cyegamiye hasi mugice gito cya "stove-pipe" uhagaritse hasi.

2. "Intebe yo kogosha" intebe ihagaritse¶

Intebe yo kogosha ** ibaho mugihe igiti gifite igitsure kiremereye imbere (cyangwa gihuhwa numuyaga mwinshi cyangwa kiboze hagati) hanyuma uyikoresha atangira gukora igipimo gisanzwe gitambitse mbere yo gutema ibiti bihagije. Mbere yuko gukata inyuma birangira igice cyarangiye, uburemere bwimbere bwunamye bwigiti ** kigabanya umutiba uhagaritse neza intete kuri metero 3 kugeza kuri 6 (metero 10 kugeza kuri 20) hamwe nijwi riturika ryamasasu **. Mugihe hejuru yigiti kigwa imbere, igisate cyinyuma cyigice cyumutwe gitera imigeri ** inyuma hejuru yigitereko **, kijanjagura igituza cyumukoresha hamwe na gihanga hasi mugice cyamasegonda.

• ** Kwirinda: ** Ntukigere ukoresha umugongo usanzwe ugororotse-uciye ku giti cyegamiye cyane (nk'ivu, hickory, igiti, cyangwa eucalyptus). Abakozi babigize umwuga bakoresha ** kabuhariwe (gukata-gukata) hamwe ninyuma ifata umugozi ** cyangwa kuzinga umugozi uremereye / urunigi ruzengurutse umutiba hejuru yikibanza kugirango wirinde gutandukana.

3. Ibiti byamasoko (ingemwe zunamye munsi yubushyuhe bukabije)¶

Nyuma yumuyaga, umuyaga wibarafu, cyangwa inkubi y'umuyaga bikubise igiti kinini, ingemwe ntoya nini (santimetero 5 kugeza kuri 20 / santimetero 2 kugeza kuri 8 z'uburebure) zirahambwa kandi zunama kabiri mu rubaraza rukomeye munsi yumutwe uremereye. Izi ngemwe zunamye zitwa ** inkingi y'amasoko **:

• ** Ingufu za catapult zibitswe: ** Igiti cyunamye kibika joules ibihumbi yingufu zimpanuka. Niba nyir'urugo adafite uburambe aragenda agashyira urunigi hejuru y’umurongo ufatanye cyane w’umugozi, fibre yimbaho ​​zometse ku mpande zo hepfo hamwe na fibre ihagaritse hejuru hejuru ihita itandukana ako kanya, ikubitisha inkingi yimbaho ​​yimbaho ​​hejuru hejuru ya ** 60 kugeza 100 km / h (37 kugeza 62 mph) ** nkumukono wa catapult yo mu kinyejana cya mbere, ukavuna urunigi, amajosi, n'urubavu.
• ** Nigute ushobora kurekura inkingi yisoko neza: ** Hagarara imbere cyangwa mumutekano hanze yindege ihagaritse. Menya ** ingingo ya ** igoramye cyane ** (aho igitekerezo kigororotse kigororotse kiva mumizi gihura n'umurongo utambitse uhereye hejuru). Instead of cutting straight through the top of the arch with one cut, shave thin, shallow kerfs across the compressed underside of the bend at a 45-degree angle so the wood fibers groan and bend slowly into a hinge without snapping violently, or sever the pinned tip far away from the bend while standing behind a protective trunk.

4. Kurandura imipira yumuzi (isahani yumuzi) gusubira mu mwobo¶

Iyo umuyaga uhuhije igiti kinini mumizi yacyo, uburebure bwa metero 3 kugeza kuri 5 z'uburebure (metero 10-16) z'urukuta rw'umwanda, urutare, n'imizi bihagarara bihagaritse hejuru yikuzimu. Igiti kiremereye gitambitse gikora nk'ikigereranyo kiremereye gifata umupira wa toni nyinshi.

• ** Umutego wica umuzi-umupira: ** Iyo umuntu atemye igiti kinini hafi yigitereko cyigiti cyaranduwe, uburemere buba bubuze ako kanya. ** 2000-kugeza-10,000-kilo (4.400-kuri-22.000-pound) umupira wumuzi usubira inyuma mu mwobo mu isegonda imwe ** nka mousetrap nini. Umuntu wese uhagaze cyangwa hafi yumwobo (cyangwa abana bakina mu mwobo nyuma yo gutemwa) bahambwa ari bazima bakajanjagurwa ako kanya.
• ** Amategeko: ** Ntuzigere uhagarara muruhande rwumuzi wigiti cyaranduwe, komeza hanyuma ukate isahani yumuzi ukoresheje ibiti biremereye cyangwa ibikoresho byo gucukura mbere yo gutema, hanyuma utume umutiba wawe wambere ucibwa hejuru ugana ikamba aho kuruhande rwicyapa.

Kwiyunvira hamwe ninkwi ziteye ubwoba: uburyo bwo gukuramo ibiti byaguye udakubise cyangwa ngo ukubite¶

Iyo ukata igiti cyaguye muburebure bwinkwi (** bucking **) cyangwa gutema igiti cyaguye hejuru yumuhanda cyangwa igisenge, igiti gikora nkigiti cyubatswe cyuzuye gishyigikiwe kumwanya umwe cyangwa ibiri. Imbaraga rukuruzi zunama igiti, zikora uturere tubiri duhanganye nu mbaho imbere yinkwi buri mukoresha wumunyururu agomba gusoma mbere yo gutangira gukata:

1. ** Agace ka Tension (fibre irambuye itandukanijwe): ** Kuruhande rwibiti bicaye kuri ** hanze yunamye **, fibre yimbaho ikururwa cyane nkimirya ya gitari. Iyo ukatiye mu biti bitera impagarara, kerf (ikibanza kibonye) ikurura ubugari; uramutse uciye inzira yose uhereye kuruhande rwa tension yonyine, santimetero 2 zanyuma (santimetero 0.8) zinkwi zizashwanyagurika kandi zishishimure cyane.
2. ** Agace ko guhunika (fibre zifatanyirijwe hamwe): ** Kuruhande rwigiti cyicaye kuri ** imbere yunamye **, fibre yimbaho ​​zijanjagurwa hamwe nuburemere bwigiti. Niba ugabanije cyane muruhande rwo kwikuramo mbere, gufunga kerf ** guhuza umurongo wawe uyobora umurongo wumunyururu nka vise ** hanyuma bigatera umurongo wubugizi bwa nabi gusunika inyuma cyangwa gusubira inyuma.

Urunigi rwumunyururu: umuvuduko mwinshi wamasasu yumunyururu wacitse¶

Mu gihe abantu benshi bazi ibijyanye no gusubira inyuma, inzego zishinzwe umutekano w’amashyamba nazo ziraburira kwirinda kurasa ** urunigi **, ikintu kibaho cyane cyane ku basaruzi b’ibiti byihuta kandi bikomeza kutagira iminyururu ifite ingufu nyinshi iyo urunigi rwambaraga rwashize rufata RPM yuzuye:

• ** Ukuntu kurasa k'urunigi bibaho: ** Iyo urunigi rubonye rufite imiyoboro ya disiki yacitse, imashini zidacogora, cyangwa impagarara zidacika hafi ya soko yimodoka, impera yumurongo wurunigi rwacitse ikubita izuru ryumubari nkikimasa. Ihuriro ryibanze ryurunigi rwihuta ryihuta ** metero 300 kumasegonda (metero 1.000 kumasegonda) ** hanyuma iratandukana, iguruka mu kirere n'imbaraga za kinetic ya **.
• ** Ingaruka zo kwa muganga no kwirinda: ** Iryinyo riguruka rirasa ryinjira mu gituza, inda, cyangwa ijosi kuva kuri metero 15 kugeza 30 (metero 50 kugeza 100). Buri gihe ujye ubika abarebera byibuze ** uburebure bwibiti bibiri (cyangwa metero 15+ / metero 50+ mugihe cyo guterana) ** kure yindege yumurongo wumunyururu, genzura impagarike yumunyururu hamwe namavuta igihe cyose wongeyeho lisansi, kandi ujugunye urunigi urwo arirwo rwose rwibasiwe nigitare cyangwa rwerekana imisatsi yimishumi kumukandara.

Imfashanyo yambere yo gukomeretsa urunigi no guhahamuka ibiti¶

Kubera ko ibikomere by'urunigi hafi ya byose bibera mu gikari, mu mashyamba yo mu cyaro, cyangwa mu turere twangijwe n’umuyaga aho ambilansi ihura n’urugendo rurerure, igenzura ryihuse ry’amaraso rireba ubuzima.

Intambwe ya 1: Guhagarika kuva amaraso arterial catastrophique (Idirishya ryiminota 3)¶

Gukubita urunigi cyangwa gusubiza inyuma bikunze kwibasira uturere tune twa anatomique: ** ikibero cyimbere cyibumoso ** (arteriire femorale), ** inyuma yukuboko kwi bumoso nu kuboko kwa ** (imiyoboro ya radial / ulnar nuduce twaguka), ** igitugu cyibumoso nijosi ** (subclavian, carotide, nu mitsi yimbere), cyangwa ** isura **.

1. ** Erekana igikomere hanyuma ushyireho igitutu cyihuse, gikomeye: ** Fata umwenda mwinshi usukuye uboneka (ihahamuka ryambarwa mugikoresho cyawe cyo gukandagira, T-shati iziritse, cyangwa igitambaro gisukuye) hanyuma ukande hasi hamwe nuburemere bwumubiri wawe wose uva kumaraso.
2. ** Koresha umupira wubucuruzi wumuyaga wubucuruzi kugirango ukomerekeje amaboko cyangwa ukuguru: **
3. Ntugakore ** ntugatakaze umwanya ukoresheje umukandara, inkweto, cyangwa insinga (bikata uruhu bitabyaye umuvuduko uhagije kugirango uzenguruke imiyoboro yimbitse yimbere yibibero).
4. Shira ikirahuri cyubucuruzi cyumuyaga (nka CAT cyangwa SOFTT-W) ** santimetero 5 kugeza kuri 7 (santimetero 2 kugeza kuri 3) hejuru y igikomere cyumunyururu ** (hafi yumubiri, ntuzigere urenga kumavi cyangwa ku nkokora). Niba igikomere kiri hejuru cyane ku kibero kandi ntushobora kumenya uburyo gukata kwaguka munsi yimigozi yuzuye iminyururu, shyira tourneque ** "muremure kandi ufatanye" ** hejuru yikibero cyibibero.
5. Kuramo umukandara uko bishoboka kose ubanze, hanyuma uhindure inkoni yumuyaga kugeza igihe amaraso atukura atukura ahagaritse burundu, funga inkoni muri clip, hanyuma wandike igihe cyo gusaba kumukandara cyangwa mu gahanga k'umurwayi; reba kuva amaraso menshi no gushira amarushanwa.
6. ** Gupakira ibikomere ku ijosi, collarbone, ukuboko, cyangwa gukata guhuza: **
7. Ntushobora gushyira irushanwa mu ijosi, ku rutugu, cyangwa igikonjo.
8. Kurira fungura agapaki ka ** hemostatike ya gazi ** (cyangwa umuzingo wa gazi isanzwe ya sterile), usunike gauze hamwe nintoki zawe zometse hasi munsi yu mwobo w’igikomere ugana ku cyombo gisunika kugeza igihe umwobo wapakiye neza hejuru y’uruhu, hanyuma ufate ** bikomeza, bidasubirwaho igitutu cy’amaboko byibuze iminota 3 kugeza kuri 5 ** (kandi inzira yose kugeza inkeragutabara zifata).
9. Niba upakira igikomere cyo mu ijosi, shyira igitutu hasi mu mwobo w’igikomere cyangwa mu buryo butandukanye ugana ku kuboko gutandukanye kugira ngo utajanjagura trachea (umuyaga) hagati mu muhogo.

Intambwe ya 2: Gucunga flaps avulsion flaps, Kevlar chap fibre, hamwe no kuvunika amagufwa¶

• ** Ntukureho fibre ya Kevlar cyangwa ballistic nylon fibre mu gikomere cyibibero byumunyururu: ** Iyo urunigi ruzunguruka rukubise urunigi rwurinda urunigi, igifuniko cyo hanze kirashwanyaguritse kandi ibihumbi nibihumbi birebire, bikomeye bya ballistique biturika biva kuri padi kugirango bahuze moteri yimodoka hanyuma bahagarike moteri. Niba urunigi rwinjiye igice cyuruhu mbere yo guhagarara, amagana ya fibre yanduye ya ballistique, imbaho ​​zimbaho, hamwe nigitonyanga cyamavuta ya bar-nu munyururu bizahambira imbere yinyama zashwanyaguritse. Kureka fibre zose zimbitse kugirango zikorerwe mucyumba cyo kubaga; gusa upfundikire igikomere cyose ukoresheje sterile itose cyangwa yambaye kandi ushireho igitutu.
• ** Gusimbuza uruhu runini rwashwanyaguritse byoroheje gusa iyo bikenewe kugirango uhagarike kuva amaraso, hanyuma ucike: ** Kubera ko iminyururu yiminyururu ikuramo umuyoboro mugari wa tissue, ibikomere byimbitse akenshi birimo kuvunika amagufwa ya radiyo, ulna, patella, cyangwa femur; kudahagarika ingingo hamwe no gucamo ibice nyuma yo kuva amaraso; reba amagufwa yamenetse.
• ** Irinde hypothermia mu barwayi bava amaraso: ** Gutakaza amaraso akomeye byangiza vuba ubushobozi bwumubiri bwo gutembera amaraso mugihe ubushyuhe bwibanze bugabanutse (** inyabutatu yica ihahamuka **). Ndetse no ku munsi woroheje, uzamure umurwayi kuri pompe yifunguye cyangwa ibishishwa byumye / ikoti yumutse ku butaka bukonje hanyuma ubizenguruke rwose mu mwenda wa aluminiyumu cyangwa amakoti yubwoya.

Ibikoresho Byihariye Kurinda (PPE) na Gahunda yo Kugabanuka Intambwe 5¶

Ntuzigere utangiza urunigi, kabone niyo waba ufite iminota 2 yimashami yinyuma yinyuma, utambaye ibice bitanu byose byemewe byo kurinda amashyamba no gushiraho inzira yawe yo guhunga:

Umuntu wese ukoresha urunigi cyangwa akuraho ibiti byumuyaga agomba kubika ibikoresho byo kugenzura amaraso ya ** (bikubiyemo amarushanwa abiri yubucuruzi bwumuyaga w’umuyaga, gaze ya hemostatike, hamwe n’imyambarire y’igitutu) ** yometse ku mukandara cyangwa ku ikoti ryerekanwa cyane, adasize metero 200 mu gikamyo, hanyuma agafata amasomo afatika ** Hagarika amasomo ya Bleed and First Aid ** avuye mu ishyamba ritukura, St John Ambulance.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa¶

Ni ukubera iki urunigi rusubira inyuma vuba, kandi ni ikihe gice cy'akabari kibitera?¶

Guhinduranya kugaruka bibaho mugihe urunigi rugenda hejuru ya kwadrant yo hejuru yiyobora umurongo wizuru (igice cyo hejuru cyumutwe uzengurutse) ikora ku ishami, igiti cya kabiri, cyangwa uruhande rwo gukata. Kubera ko amenyo yumunyururu kuri iyo nama yo hejuru agenda amanuka asubira inyuma kuri metero zirenga 20 kumasegonda (45hh), iryinyo ryacukuye muri bariyeri kandi ryimura imbaraga zose za moteri kugirango ikubite akabari hejuru cyane kandi isubira inyuma yerekeza kumutwe no mugituza mumasegonda 0.10 kugeza 0.15. Kuberako refleks yabantu ifata byibuze amasegonda 0,20 kugirango ubyitwayemo, ugomba kwishingikiriza kugumisha igikumwe cyibumoso cyiziritse munsi yimbere yimbere kandi ukagira feri ikora inertia ikora kugirango uhagarike urunigi.

Nigute uduce twumunyururu duhagarika icyuma kizunguruka?¶

Iminyururu ya Chainsaw ntabwo ikora nkintwaro zikomeye zihindura icyuma; Ahubwo, bakora muguhuza uburyo bwo gutwara urunigi. Munsi yinyuma ya nylon igiceri cyemewe cyumunyururu wicaye ibice byinshi birebire, bikozwe neza Kevlar na ballistic polyester. Ako kanya iryinyo ryizunguruka ryinyo rikata imyenda yinyuma, iranyunyuza ibihumbi nibi fibre ikomeye hanyuma irayisubiza inyuma mumuzuru wizuru ryumunyururu hamwe na moteri ya moteri, gufunga no gufunga ikinyabiziga cya disiki ikomeye mugihe kitarenze icya cumi cyamasegonda mbere yuko amenyo ashobora guca ukuguru.

Niki "inkingi yisoko" mugusukura umuyaga, kandi ni ukubera iki gutema ari bibi cyane?¶

Igiti cy'isoko ni igiti kizima cyangwa ishami ryinshi ryashizwemo kandi ryunamye mu gihome gikomeye munsi yuburemere bwigiti kinini cyaguye. Ibiti byunamye bibika imbaraga zidasanzwe za elastike nka catapult isake. Niba ushyize urunigi hejuru yumurongo ufatanye cyane wunamye hanyuma ugahita unyuramo, fibre yimbaho ​​yimbaho ​​ifata cyane kuri kilometero 60 kugeza 100 / h (37 kugeza 62hh), ikagukubita mumaso, urwasaya, cyangwa igituza cyangwa ugakubita urunigi rwiruka rugasubira mumubiri wawe. Buri gihe urekure impagarara gahoro gahoro kogosha kerfs zidafite impande zombi zifunitse munsi yikigero kinini mugihe uhagaze hanze yinzira ihanamye.

Niba umuntu apfunditswe munsi yigiti kiremereye cyaguye, kuki tutagomba guhita tuvanaho igiti ako kanya niba bafashwe isaha imwe?¶

Iyo igiti kinini kinini kijanjagura imitsi minini yamaguru cyangwa amaguru muminota irenga 15, ingirangingo zimenaguritse zirasenyuka mugihe inzara itembera mumaraso, byubaka potasiyumu, myoglobine, na aside ya lactique imbere yingingo zafashwe. Niba abatabazi bazamuye gitumo umutwaro uremereye nyuma yiminota 30 kugeza kuri 60 batabanje kwitegura kwa muganga, amaraso yihutira gusubira mumaguru yajanjaguwe kandi asukuye yibanze kuri potasiyumu yerekeza kumutima, ibyo bikaba bishobora gutera umutima wica muminota mike (syndrome de reperfusion crush syndrome), hamwe no kugabanuka k'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso. Keretse niba igituza cy'umuntu kidashobora guhumeka, shira igiti kidahinduka hanyuma ureke inkeragutabara zitangire amazi yimitsi n'imiti mbere yuko uburemere buterurwa.

Inkomoko yagenzuwe¶

• Ubuyobozi bushinzwe umutekano n’ubuzima (OSHA, Amerika): * Ibikorwa byo Kwinjira (29 CFR 1910.266) no Gukorana neza nurupapuro rwukuri rwa Chainsaws *
• Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe umutekano n’ubuzima (NIOSH / CDC, Amerika): * Kurinda umunyururu wabonye ibikomere mugihe cyo gukuraho ibiti nyuma y’ibiza bisanzwe *
• Umuyobozi mukuru w’ubuzima n’umutekano (HSE, Ubwongereza): * Iminyururu ku kazi (INDG317) hamwe n’ubuyobozi bwa AFAG bwerekeye umutekano wo gutema ibiti, Windblow, n’ibiti byinzara *
• Serivisi ishinzwe amashyamba muri Amerika (USFS): * Igitabo cy’amategeko y’ubuzima n’umutekano: Igitabo cy’umuriro wo mu gasozi hamwe n’ibiti byo gutema iminyururu (Kickback, Pole, n’intebe zo kogosha) *
• Ishuri rikuru ry’abaganga bo muri Amerika (ACS): * Hagarika Amaraso: Kurwanya Amaraso, Gusaba Amarushanwa, no Gupakira ibikomere *

Kuyobora¶

• Kuva amaraso menshi no gushira amarushanwa
• Kumenagura ibikomere hamwe na syndrome yibice
• Gukomeretsa umuvuduko ukabije hamwe nigikoresho cyo gusubiza inyuma
• Isuku ninkubi y'umuyaga no gukira
• Amagufa yamenetse, kuvunika, hamwe