Iyo abakusanya imyenda basabye kwishyurwa kuri fagitire ya nyakwigendera¶

Kwakira telefone cyangwa amabaruwa y’abakoresha imyenda yihariye "bapfuye-konti" basaba ko wishyura amafaranga y’ikarita y’inguzanyo y’uwo mwashakanye, umubyeyi, cyangwa umwana, amafaranga yo kwivuza, cyangwa inguzanyo ku giti cyawe mu mufuka wawe mu gihe ubabaye ni ibintu byihutirwa by’amafaranga n’amarangamutima. Ibigo byihariye byo gukusanya iperereza (nka Serivisi za DCM, Serivisi ishinzwe AscensionPoint, cyangwa Phillips & Cohen Associates) bihabwa akazi n’amabanki n’ibitaro kugira ngo bakurikirane bene wabo bababaye mu byumweru bike bapfuye kandi bakoreshe icyaha, igitutu cy’imyitwarire, cyangwa urujijo mu mategeko kugira ngo bakure kuri konti zabo bwite, amafaranga y’ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima, cyangwa amafaranga y’izabukuru. ** Mu mategeko ya leta rusange kandi asanzwe muri Amerika, Kanada, Ubwongereza, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, na Ositaraliya, abagize umuryango ntibashobora na rimwe kwishyurwa ku giti cyabo kwishyura umwenda wa mwene wabo wapfuye ku mafaranga yabo bwite. Kurinda amafaranga yo kurokoka mumuryango wawe bisaba gufunga umutungo udakurikiranwa (ubwishingizi bwubuzima, konti 401 (k) / IRA, hamwe numutungo wacitse ku icumu), gushyira mu bikorwa Itangazo rya Politiki ya ** FTC ryerekeye gukusanya amadeni yimyenda ** na ** CFPB Amabwiriza F **, kugenzura ibintu bidasanzwe nko gufatanya gusinyana hamwe numutungo utanga uburenganzira hamwe numutungo uteganijwe kwishyurwa. amategeko.

Kora ubu¶

1. ** Rinda umutekano wawe bwite hamwe ninkunga yamarangamutima mugihe cyo kubura ababo. nimero yihutirwa . Gumana byibuze metero 2 (metero 6.5) intera inyuma yumuryango ufunze niba umuntu utazi asabye kwinjira.
2. ** Ntukishyure ijanisha na rimwe rya fagitire ya mwene wabo wapfuye ukoresheje konti yawe bwite yo kugenzura, ikarita y'inguzanyo, cyangwa ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima. Nubwo waba Executif cyangwa Umuyobozi wumutungo, ** ntukishyure ikarita yinguzanyo cyangwa fagitire yubuvuzi kuri konti yumutungo ubungubu **; hakurikijwe amategeko ateganijwe kwishyurwa, amafaranga yo gushyingura, amafaranga yubuyobozi bwumutungo, byemewe n'amategeko ** Amafaranga yumuryango / Inzu yo murugo **, kandi imisoro igomba kubanza kwishyurwa, kandi kwishyura isosiyete yikarita yinguzanyo kubitegeko birashobora gutuma nyirubwite agomba kuryozwa abahawe inguzanyo cyane.
3. ** Ntuzigere ureka uwatanze ikarita yinguzanyo ahindure cyangwa yimure konti yuwo mwashakanye yapfuye mu izina ryawe keretse niba wari usanzwe usanzwe usaba gufatanya-gusaba. ** Niba wari umukoresha wa ** wemerewe ** ku ikarita yinguzanyo ya nyakwigendera cyangwa umubyeyi wawe (bivuze ko wari ufite ikarita yanditseho izina ryawe kugirango ugure ibiribwa, ariko umuntu wapfuye gusa wasinye kuri konte yambere yinguzanyo), ** ufite uburenganzira bwa zeru kuri konti, ** ufite uburenganzira bwa zeru kuri konte ya D). kwanga icyifuzo icyo ari cyo cyose cyo gushyira konti mu izina ryawe.
4. ** Menya uwakusanyije umwenda yemerewe kuvugana na FDCPA (15 USC. Igice cya 1692c). isambu (nubwo umuterankunga ashobora kuvugana nuwo mwashakanye akiriho). Niba utari uwo mwashakanye warokotse cyangwa uhagarariye umutungo bwite, bwira umuhamagaye: * "Ntabwo ndi uhagarariye umutungo bwite kandi nta nshingano mfite kuri iyi konti. Ntuzongere kundeba." *
5. ** Kurinda Umutungo wawe Utari Ibibazo (Ubwishingizi bwubuzima, 401 (k) / IRA, Konti ya POD / TOD, hamwe n’amazu ahuriweho n’abacitse ku icumu) ku baberewemo imyenda. konte ya brokerage **, cyangwa inzu ifite muri ** Ubukode hamwe nuburenganzira bwo kurokoka ** cyangwa ** Ubukode na Entirety ** bypasses probate burundu kandi ** ntishobora gukorwaho namakarita yinguzanyo ya nyakwigendera cyangwa abashinzwe ubuvuzi **.
6. ** Saba Garn-St. Itegeko rya Germain "Uzungura mu nyungu" niba hari ingwate ku rugo rwumuryango. ** Niba warazwe inzu yumuryango nuwo mwashakanye wapfuye, umubyeyi, cyangwa umuvandimwe, amategeko ya federasiyo (** Garn-St. Germain Depository Institution Institution, 12 USC. inguzanyo. Ukurikije amategeko yo gutanga inguzanyo ya CFPB, ufite uburenganzira bwo kumenyekana nkuwasimbuye ** watsindiye inyungu **, komeza wishyure inguzanyo zisanzwe zisanzwe, cyangwa usabe guhindura inguzanyo utarinze na rimwe gutera inkunga mwizina ryawe ryinguzanyo (reba Kumenyesha ibyangiritse, kwihanganira inguzanyo, no kugabanya igihombo).

flowchart TD
    A["Ushinzwe umwenda arasaba kwishyurwa kuri fagitire ya nyakwigendera"] --> B{"WOWE ku giti cyawe wafatanije gusinyana amasezerano yumwimerere nkabasabye / Muguriza?"}
    B -->|"Yego: Nukuri gufatanya gusinya cyangwa ufite konti ihuriweho"| C["Uraryozwa amasezerano (OYA niba wari Umukoresha wemerewe gusa); saba inyandiko yumwimerere yasinywe muri FDCPA"]
    B -->|"Oya: Umwenda ku giti cye wa nyakwigendera"| D{"Utuye muri Leta yumutungo rusange cyangwa Inyigisho za Leta zikenewe KANDI nuwo mwashakanye warokotse?"}
    D -->|"Yego"| E["Kugenzura amategeko agufi y'abashakanye (urugero, umutungo wumutungo rusange vs imitungo itandukanye, cyangwa fagitire zikenewe zo kwivuza); kurinda amafaranga asonewe"]
    D -->|"Oya (cyangwa uri umwana ukuze / Umubyeyi / Umuvandimwe)"| F["Ufite inshingano za ZERO; ntuzigere wishyura mumafaranga yawe, Ubwishingizi bwubuzima, cyangwa 401 (k) / IRA"]
    F --> G{"Ese Umutungo wa Nyakwigendera Umutungo ufite hasigaye amafaranga cyangwa ibintu bisonewe?"}
    G -->|"Oya: Umutungo udahomba / Umutungo wa Zeru"| H["Kohereza Icyemezo 'Umutungo udahomba / Ibaruwa idahwitse y'abacitse ku icumu' hamwe n'icyemezo cy'urupfu; Amadeni apfa atishyuwe"]
    G -->|"Yego: Ikibazo cya Solvent"| I["Ntukishyure abakusanya kuri terefone; bisaba ikibazo cyemewe cyo gusaba inguzanyo muburyo buteganijwe n'amategeko idirishya & kwishyura amafaranga yumuryango mbere"]

Icyiciro cya 1: Itegeko rya Zahabu ryumwenda utemewe: Ibidakemangwa nu mutungo wibibazo¶

Iyo umuntu apfuye, ubuzima bwe bwamafaranga bugabanyijemo indobo ebyiri zitandukanye zemewe n'amategeko: ** Umutungo udafite ibibazo ** (unyura kubarokotse bazima bakoresheje amasezerano cyangwa ibyemezo mugihe cyurupfu) na ** Umutungo utimukanwa ** (umutungo witwa gusa mwizina rya nyakwigendera utagira nyirubwite).

Abakusanya imyenda babara akababaro kawe ntibazigera bakubwira iri tandukaniro. Bizera ko uzafata 100.000 $ yubwishingizi bwubuzima cyangwa nyoko nyakwigendera 401 (k) hanyuma ukandika cheque kuri Visa, Mastercard, nibitaro. ** Sobanukirwa n'umutungo udakorwa muburyo bwemewe nababerewemo imyenda idafite ingwate: **

Icyiciro cya 2: Ibintu 5 bidasanzwe aho umwe mu bagize umuryango warokotse ASHOBORA kubiryozwa¶

Mbere yo kwanga icyifuzo cy'umukoresha, genzura ibi bintu bitanu byemewe n'amategeko kugirango wemeze niba bidasanzwe bikureba:

1. Ukuri Konti Yukuri Ifite / Ufatanya-Umukono na "Umukoresha wemerewe"¶

• ** Umukoresha wemerewe (Inshingano ZERO): ** Uwo bashakanye wapfuye yafunguye ikarita yinguzanyo mwizina ryabo bwite maze ategeka ikarita ya kabiri yanditseho izina ryawe kugirango ukoreshe konti. Mu mategeko ya federasiyo ** Kuringaniza inguzanyo zingana (ECOA, Amabwiriza B) ** hamwe na ** Ukuri mugutanga inguzanyo (TILA) **, Umukoresha wemerewe afite ** zero amasezerano yamasezerano ** kwishyura asigaye nyuma yuko nyir'ikarita y'ibanze apfuye.
• ** Abasabye gufatanya / Abasinyanye (Inshingano Yuzuye): ** Mwembi hamwe nuwapfuye wasinye icyifuzo cyambere cyinguzanyo (cyangwa inoti isezerana) nkabafatanya inguzanyo, kandi uwatanze inguzanyo yagenzuye raporo yinguzanyo zawe zombi mugitangira (reba Cosigner isanzwe, umwenda uhuriweho, hamwe no kurinda inguzanyo).
• ** Nigute ushobora kwerekana uwo uriwe: ** Kohereza inyandiko isaba ** FDCPA Yemerera Kwemeza Amadeni ** (15 USC. Niba banki idashobora gutanga amasezerano yo kuguriza hamwe wasinywe nawe, wari Umukoresha wemerewe gusa kandi ugomba amadolari 0.

2. Ibihugu byumutungo rusange (Kubarokotse Abashakanye gusa)¶

Intara icyenda zo muri Amerika zikora hakurikijwe ** Amategeko y’umutungo rusange **: ** Arizona, California, Idaho, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Washington, na Wisconsin ** (wongeyeho ** Alaska ** niba abashakanye bahisemo). - Amadeni yatanzwe naba bashakanye ** mugihe cyubukwe ** kubwinyungu zumuryango mubusanzwe bafatwa nkimyenda ** yabaturage **, bivuze ko umutungo wumutungo rusange ** utunze abashakanye ushobora kugerwaho kugirango bishyure iyo myenda. - ** Imipaka irengera abashakanye barokotse mumitungo yabaturage igira iti: ** Umutungo wumugabo ** warokotse ** Umutungo wihariye ** (umutungo utunze mbere yubukwe, umurage / impano wakiriwe nawe wenyine, hamwe na ** amafaranga yubwishingizi bwubuzima ** yishyuwe nkuwagenerwabikorwa) muri rusange ** arinzwe kumadeni atandukanye yumugabo wapfuye ** keretse niba wowe ubwawe wasinye amasezerano cyangwa amategeko agenga amategeko ya Californiya akurikizwa (9) Igitabo cy'amategeko mbonezamubano Icyiciro 366.2 ** nyuma y'urupfu). Muri ** Texas , uwo bashakanye akiriho afite ** zero zeru ku giti cye ** ku mwenda w'amakarita y'inguzanyo y'uwo bashakanye yapfuye keretse iyo umwenda wari ukenewe mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko ( Amategeko agenga umuryango wa Texas Igice cya 3.201 **), hamwe na ** Texas Itegeko Nshinga rya ** hamwe no gusonerwa imitungo bwite birinda umutungo w'urugo abadafite inguzanyo.

3. "Inyigisho Zibikenewe" kumafaranga yanyuma yubuvuzi n’ibitaro (Abashakanye gusa)¶

Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibihugu bihuriweho na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika (nka New Jersey, Carolina y'Amajyaruguru, Ohio, Virginie, na Indiana), inkiko cyangwa sitati byemera ** Inyigisho z’ibikenewe **, zishobora gufata uwo bashakanye warokotse amafaranga ** akenewe mu buvuzi cyangwa mu bitaro ** akoreshwa n’abo bashakanye batinze mu gihe cyo gushyingirwa niba umutungo w’uwo bashakanye wapfuye udashobora kwishyura. Ibindi bihugu byinshi, birimo ** Alabama, Floride, Jeworujiya, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, na New York **, ** byavanyeho ** Inyigisho zisanzwe zisanzwe zikenewe cyangwa akabari karyozwa uwo bashakanye keretse uwo bashakanye akiriho yasinyiye ingwate y'amafaranga. - ** Nigute ushobora kuvanaho umushinga w’ibitaro by’uwo mwashakanye: ** Ndetse no mu nyigisho za Leta zikenewe, ** ntuzigere wishyura igiciro cyibitaro **. Muri ** Kode y’imbere mu Gihugu Igice cya 501 ® **, ibitaro byose bidaharanira inyungu muri Amerika bigomba gutanga inyandiko yanditse ** Politiki yo Gufasha Inkunga y’imari (Care Charity) ** ikuraho 50% kugeza 100% by’amafaranga y’ibitaro ku miryango yinjiza agera kuri 200% kugeza kuri 400% by’urwego rw’ubukene (cyane cyane nyuma y’uko amafaranga y’urugo agabanutse kubera urupfu rw’uwo bashakanye). Saba ** Ibitaro byita ku barwayi nyuma yurupfu ** (reba Gukusanya fagitire yubuvuzi, infashanyo yibitaro, no kwita kubagiraneza).

4.¶

Iyo umubyeyi ugeze mu za bukuru yemerewe kwinjira mu kigo cyita ku bageze mu za bukuru, ibiro byakira abanyeshuri bikunze gusaba umwana mukuru gusinyira ku murongo wa "Responsable Party", nyuma akaza kurega umwana ku giti cye amafaranga atishyuwe. - ** Ingabo zawe (42 USC. - Inzu yita ku bageze mu za bukuru irashobora gusaba gusa umwana ukuze ufite ububasha bwo kwemeza cyangwa gucunga amafaranga y’ababyeyi kwishyura ikigo ** bivuye mu nyungu z’ababyeyi ndetse n’umutungo wa Medicaid **. Ntibashobora ** kuguhatira kwishyura mu gikapo cyawe keretse niba warayoboye ubwiteganyirize bw'ababyeyi cyangwa cheque ya pansiyo wenyine. Muri ** Nyakanga 2022, CFPB na CMS batanze umuburo uhuriweho na federasiyo ** batangaza ko amazu yita ku bageze mu za bukuru hamwe n’abakusanya imyenda barega abana bakuze hakurikijwe ingingo ya "Responsable Party" binyuranyije n’amategeko agenga ivugurura ry’abaforomo ndetse na ** FDCPA **.

5. Gahunda yo Kugarura Umutungo wa Medicaid (MERP): Iyo Leta ishobora kandi ntishobora gusaba inzu¶

Niba umubyeyi wawe cyangwa uwo mwashakanye yarapfuye yarahawe ** Medicaid inyungu zigihe kirekire zitaweho ** nyuma yimyaka ** , itegeko rya federasiyo ( 42 USC Igice cya 1396p (b) ) risaba ikigo cya leta Medicaid gusaba kwishyurwa mumitungo ya nyakwigendera ( Medicaid Estate Recovery Program / MERP **). - ** Ibitegekwa na Reta isabwa kubuza Medicaid gutwara murugo: ** Munsi ya ** 42 USC. Igice cya 1396p (b) (2) **, leta ** NTIBISHOBORA ** gukira mu rugo cyangwa mu isambu niba uwahawe Medicaid yapfuye yarokotse na: (1) uwo bashakanye ** warokotse **, (2) umwana wa ** utarageza ku myaka 21 **, cyangwa (3) umwana wa ** ufite imyaka iyo ari yo yose ufite ubumuga bwo kutabona cyangwa ubumuga burundu ** (hakurikijwe ibipimo by'ubwiteganyirize bwa SSI / SSDI). - ** Abakuze barera Abana & Abavandimwe Gusonerwa: ** Amategeko ya leta nayo asonera urugo niba umwana ** ukuze yabaga murugo rwababyeyi byibuze imyaka 2 ikomeza ako kanya mbere yuko yinjira mu kigo cyita ku bageze mu za bukuru ** akanatanga ubuvuzi bwadindije ibigo, CYANGWA niba umuvandimwe ufite inyungu zingana yabaga murugo byibuze umwaka 1 mbere yo kwinjira. Intara yose igomba kandi gutanga ** Medicaid Undue Yingorabahizi Kureka ** (mubisanzwe hamwe na ** iminsi 30 kugeza kumunsi 60 yo gusaba **).

Icyiciro cya 3: Amategeko ya FTC na CFPB agenga uburyo abakusanya bashobora kuvugana nabacitse ku icumu¶

Dukurikije Itangazo rya Politiki ya ** FTC ku myenda y'abahawe inguzanyo (2011) ** na ** CFPB Amabwiriza F (12 CFR Ibice 1006.2 (e) na 1006.6) **, abakusanya imyenda bagomba kubahiriza amategeko ane akomeye ya federal:

1. ** Imipaka ntarengwa kubantu bashobora kuvugana nabo (12 CFR Igice cya 1006.6 (a) (4)): ** Keretse niba ubyemereye, umukoresha arashobora kuganira gusa kumadeni wuwapfuye hamwe na: (a) uwo bashakanye ** warokotse **, (b) umubyeyi ** ** (GUSA niba nyakwigendera yari umwana muto), © umuyobozi wa **, cyangwa umuyobozi, , cyangwa umuyobozi, ** Umukoresha arashobora guhamagara abandi bavandimwe ** rimwe ** gusa kugirango abaze amakuru arambuye ya Executif, kandi ntashobora kwerekana ko nyakwigendera yari afitiwe umwenda ( 15 USC Igice cya 1692b **).
2. ** Ibibujijwe kuyobya abavandimwe ku byerekeye uburyozwe bwite (15 USC. Igice cya 1692e): ** Uwatoraguye arenga ku mategeko ya federasiyo iyo bavuze cyangwa bivuze ko umwe mu bagize umuryango ategetswe kwishyura umwenda bivuye mu kigega cye, ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima, cyangwa inyungu z'izabukuru mu gihe zitemewe n'amategeko.
3. ** Kumenyekanisha gutegekwa ko ubwishyu busabwa gusa mumitungo: ** Abakusanya bagomba kwerekana neza ko ubwishyu bushakishwa ** gusa mumitungo yumutungo wa nyakwigendera **, ntabwo bivuye kumafaranga ya mwene wabo.
4. ** Uburenganzira bwo guhagarika guhamagarwa ninzandiko zose ako kanya (15 USC Igice cya 1692c ©): ** Uwo mwashakanye warokotse, Executif, cyangwa uhagarariye umuntu ku giti cye afite uburenganzira bwemewe n'amategeko bwo kohereza inyandiko yanditse ** Kureka-no-Kureka ** guhatira uwakusanyije guhagarika guhamagara kuri terefone n’amabaruwa yose.

Icyiciro cya 4: Ikibazo cyibanze cyibisabwa: Impamvu abayobozi batagomba na rimwe kwishyura amakarita yinguzanyo¶

Muri buri ntara y’Amerika (yagereranijwe kuri ** Uniform Probate Code Igice cya 3-805 **), imyenda yumutungo udashobora kwishyura igomba kwishyurwa mu buryo bukomeye ** Amazi yemewe n'amategeko yibanze:

1. ** Icyiciro cya 1 (Ibyingenzi Byihutirwa): Ikiguzi nogukoresha Ubuyobozi bwumutungo ** (Amafaranga yo gutanga urukiko, igihembo cya avoka, na komisiyo ishinzwe).
2. ** Icyiciro 2
3. ** Icyiciro cya 3: Gushyingura Byumvikana, Gushyingura, no Gutwika. **
4. ** Icyiciro cya 4: Amadeni n'Imisoro Byihutirwa hakurikijwe Amategeko ya Leta ** (nk'imisoro ya IRS itishyuwe hakurikijwe Sitati ya ** Federal Priority Statute, 31 USC.
5. ** Icyiciro cya 5: Amafaranga akoreshwa mubuvuzi nibitaro byuburwayi bwa nyuma ** (hamwe na Medicaid Estate Recovery claims).
6. ** Icyiciro cya 6: Imisoro ya Leta n’ibanze. **
7. ** Icyiciro 7

Dufate ko nyakwigendera papa yapfuye afite $ 22.000 muri konte ye yo kugenzura na 35.000 $ by'umwenda w'amakarita y'inguzanyo. Niba gushyingura byatwaye amadorari 8000, ubuyobozi bwikigereranyo bwatwaye amadorari 2000, kandi leta yawe itanga $ 15.000 ** Amategeko yemewe n’umuryango / Umusoro ku mutungo utimukanwa **, ** 100 ku ijana by’ayo madorari 22.000 ajya mu buryo bwemewe n’ishyingurwa n’umuryango warokotse mu cyiciro cya 1, 2, na 3 **, hasigara ** $ 0 ku makarita y’inguzanyo yo mu cyiciro cya 7 **, asohoka mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko.

Icyiciro cya 5: Inyuguti zamagambo kugirango uhagarike Abaterankunga-Konti¶

Inyandikorugero 1: Kutaryozwa Kurokoka Bifitanye isano & Kwishyura / Nta-Umutungo wo guhagarika ibaruwa (Byinshi)¶

[Date]

VIA CERTIFIED MAIL - RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Tracking Number: [Insert Tracking Number]

To: [Name of Deceased-Account Collection Agency / Creditor]
[Street Address, City, State/Province, Postal Code]

Re: Deceased Account Holder: [Full Name of Deceased Relative] | Date of Death: [Insert Date]
Account / Reference Number: [Insert Account Number]

NOTICE OF DEATH, INSOLVENT / NO-PROBATE ESTATE STATUS, NON-LIABILITY OF SURVIVORS,
AND DEMAND TO CEASE ALL COMMUNICATIONS (15 U.S.C. Section 1692c(c))

To Whom It May Concern:

Please take formal notice that [Full Name of Deceased Relative] passed away on [Date of Death]. A copy of the Death Certificate [with cause of death and Social Security number redacted for privacy, or unredacted if closing an original bank account] is enclosed.

1. NO PERSONAL LIABILITY OF SURVIVING FAMILY:
I am the [surviving spouse / adult child / sibling / relative] of the decedent. I did not co-sign or jointly apply for this account, and I have zero personal legal liability for the decedent's individual debts. Under the Federal Trade Commission Policy Statement on Decedents' Debts and CFPB Regulation F (12 CFR Part 1006), any representation that a surviving family member must pay this debt from personal funds, life insurance proceeds, or retirement benefits is unlawful.

2. NO PROBATE ESTATE / INSOLVENT ESTATE:
The decedent left no probate estate [OR: The decedent's estate is insolvent and contains no non-exempt assets available for Class 7 general unsecured creditors after statutory funeral expenses, administration costs, and statutory family/exempt property allowances]. No probate proceeding will be opened for the purpose of paying unsecured claims, and this account must be written off as uncollectible due to death.

3. DEMAND TO CEASE AND DESIST ALL COMMUNICATIONS (15 U.S.C. Section 1692c(c)):
Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 1692c(c) and 12 CFR Section 1006.6, I hereby demand that you immediately CEASE AND DESIST all further telephone calls, letters, and communications to me or any member of my family regarding this account, except to confirm in writing that this account has been closed.

Sincerely,
[Your Printed Name & Mailing Address]

Icyitegererezo cya 2: Ushinzwe / Uhagarariye Umuntu ku giti cye Icyifuzo gisaba Ikirego gisanzwe & Kwemeza FDCPA¶

[Date]

VIA CERTIFIED MAIL - RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Tracking Number: [Insert Tracking Number]

To: [Name of Collection Agency / Creditor] ([Street Address])

Re: Estate of [Full Name of Decedent], Deceased
Probate Court & Case Number: [Name of County Probate/Surrogate's Court, Case #]
Alleged Account Number: [Insert Account Number]

NOTICE OF FORMAL PROBATE ADMINISTRATION, FDCPA VALIDATION DEMAND (15 U.S.C. Section 1692g),
AND MAIL-ONLY CEASE NOTICE (15 U.S.C. Section 1692c)

To Whom It May Concern:

I am the court-appointed [Executor / Administrator / Personal Representative] of the Estate of [Full Name of Decedent].

1. DEMAND FOR DEBT VALIDATION (15 U.S.C. Section 1692g):
The Estate formally disputes the validity and amount of the alleged debt referenced above. Please provide complete written validation, including the original signed contract or application, an itemized accounting of all principal, interest, and fees, and proof of chain of assignment.

2. REQUIREMENT TO FILE FORMAL PROBATE CREDITOR CLAIM:
The Estate will not make any informal or telephone payments to any creditor. If you contend that you hold a valid claim against the Estate, you must file a formal, verified Creditor's Claim with the [Name of County Probate/Surrogate's Court] in strict compliance with state probate non-claim statutes before the statutory creditor bar deadline. Any verified claim timely filed will be paid strictly in accordance with the statutory priority of claims under state probate law (after Class 1 to 6 administration costs, statutory family allowances, funeral expenses, and priority taxes) to the extent solvent estate funds remain.

3. CEASE ALL TELEPHONE CALLS:
Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 1692c, you are directed to cease all telephone calls to me and communicate solely in writing at the estate mailing address below.

Sincerely,
[Your Signature & Printed Name], as Personal Representative of the Estate of [Decedent Name]
[Estate Mailing Address]

Icyiciro cya 6: Urwego mpuzamahanga rwo kurinda imyenda¶

• ** Ubwongereza (Ubuyobozi bushinzwe umutungo 1925, Tubwire Rimwe, & Serivisi yo Kumenyesha Urupfu): **
• ** Inshingano Zabacitse ku icumu rya Zero: ** Mu Bwongereza, Wales, Scotland, na Irilande y'Amajyaruguru, uwo bashakanye, umufatanyabikorwa, cyangwa umwana ntabwo ** yigeze ** ku giti cye kuryozwa umwenda ku muntu ku giti cye keretse basinyanye amasezerano y'inguzanyo cyangwa ingwate yanditse. Amadeni ku giti cye yishyurwa gusa mumitungo yuwapfuye.
• ** Inzu zifatanije hamwe (* Abapangayi bahuriweho * na * Abakodesha muri rusange *): ** Niba abashakanye bafite inzu yabo nka ** Abapangayi bahurijwe hamwe **, umugabane wuwapfuye uhita uhita kurokoka kwa mugenzi we warokotse mugihe cyurupfu kandi ** ntabwo bigize igice cyumutungo uteganijwe **.
• ** Iteka ryumutungo utemewe n'amategeko: ** Dukurikije itegeko rya ** ryubuyobozi bwimitungo 1925 ** hamwe na ** Ubuyobozi bwimitungo idahwitse yabantu bapfuye Iteka 1986 **, gushyira mu gaciro ** gushyingura, gusezerana, hamwe nubuyobozi bukoreshwa ** bifite umwanya wambere imbere yababerewemo imyenda bose badafite ingwate. Koresha serivisi ya leta yubuntu ** Tubwire Rimwe ** kumenyesha HMRC, DWP, DVLA, hamwe n’ibiro by’imisoro y’inama njyanama, kandi ukoreshe serivisi ishinzwe kumenyesha urupfu ** kumenyesha banki nkuru z’Ubwongereza icyarimwe guhagarika inyungu no guhagarika amabaruwa yo gukusanya.
• ** Kanada (Ibikorwa byabashinzwe Intara, Kurokoka, & Ubwishingizi bwubuzima busonewe / RRSPs): **
• Hirya no hino mu ntara zose za Kanada, abagize umuryango bafite ** zero zero ** ku ikarita y’inguzanyo ya mwene wabo wapfuye, umurongo w'inguzanyo, cyangwa imyenda y'imisoro keretse iyo bafatanyije gusinyana inguzanyo cyangwa bakagabana isaranganya ridakwiye ry'umutungo mbere yuko ikigo cy'imisoro n'amahoro cya Kanada (CRA) gitanga icyemezo cya ** cyo gukuraho ** hashingiwe ku itegeko ryerekeye imisoro ku nyungu *.
• ** Umutungo urinzwe utari uw'umutungo: ** Ukurikije Intara * Ibikorwa by'Ubwishingizi * na * Ibikorwa byo kuvugurura amategeko y'izungura * (urugero, Ontario * SLRA *), ** Politiki y'Ubwishingizi bw'Ubuzima **, ** RRSPs **, ** RRIFs **, na ** TFSAs ** hamwe n’umuntu witwa nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyiri nyakwigendera, umusoro ku nyungu utishyuwe ukomoka kuri RRSP munsi ya ** Igice cya 160.2 y'Itegeko ryerekeye imisoro ku nyungu ** niba umutungo udashobora kwishyura). Mugihe c'intara * Ibikorwa byabashinzwe *, amafaranga yo gushyingura no gushyingura ashyize imbere mbere yinguzanyo zidafite ingwate.
• ** Australiya (Inyungu zurupfu rwa Superannuation, Ubwishingizi bwubuzima, & Imitungo yatakaye): **
• Muri Ositaraliya, bene wabo ntibashobora kuryozwa umwenda wumuntu wapfuye. Dukurikije itegeko rya ** guhomba 1966 (Cth) (Igice cya 116 (2) (d)) ** hamwe n’amategeko ya ** y’amasezerano y’ubwishingizi 1984 (Cth) (Igice cya 48) **, ** Amafaranga y’ubwishingizi bw’urupfu ** na ** Amafaranga y’ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima ** yishyuwe mu buryo butaziguye n’umuntu wahawe inyungu cyangwa nyir'ubwite yangijwe na banki ya ** **

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa¶

Bigenda bite iyo ndi "Umukoresha wemerewe" ku ikarita y'inguzanyo y'uwo twashakanye kandi banki ikavuga ko amafaranga yatanzwe kuri raporo yanjye y'inguzanyo?¶

Niba wari Umukoresha wemerewe gusa (kandi utari umwe mubasabye), ufite inshingano zeru zeru kuburinganire. Banza, hamagara cyangwa wandike uwatanze ikarita yinguzanyo ya Bereavement / Nyakwigendera Ishami rya Konti kugirango umenyeshe urupfu rwa nyir'ikarita kandi usabe ko izina ryawe ryahita rihagarikwa nkumukoresha wemewe. Icya kabiri, hashingiwe ku itegeko ryiza ryo gutanga inguzanyo (15 USC Igice cya 1681i), tanga impaka zemewe kumurongo cyangwa zanditse kuri Equifax, Umunyamerika, na TransUnion ivuga: "Nari Umukoresha wemewe gusa kuri iyi konti; nyir'ikarita y'ibanze yarapfuye kandi nta nshingano mfite mu masezerano. Kura uyu murongo w'ubucuruzi muri raporo y'inguzanyo ako kanya." Ibiro byinguzanyo bisiba buri gihe umurongo wubucuruzi wemerewe gukoresha muminsi 14 kugeza 30 nyuma yamakimbirane.

Nshobora gukomeza gutwara imodoka yuwo twashakanye cyangwa yapfuye, cyangwa guhagarika banki kuyisubiza?¶

Niba imodoka ifite inguzanyo yimodoka ikora, uwatanze imodoka afite ingwate yizewe kumutwe wikinyabiziga. Niba ntawe wishyuye imodoka ya buri kwezi, uwatanze inguzanyo afite uburenganzira bwo gusubizwa imodoka ubwayo, nubwo badashobora kurega abagize umuryango barokotse kugiti cyabo gisigaye nyuma yo kwamburwa (ibyo kubura ni ikirego kidafite ingwate ku mutungo uteganijwe gusa). Niba imodoka ifite agaciro katarenze amafaranga yinguzanyo, urashobora guhamagara uwatanze imodoka, ukamenyesha uwagurijwe yitabye Imana, hanyuma ugategura gutanga kubushake bwimfunguzo kugirango udafite umwenda mumufuka. Niba ushaka kugumana imodoka, komeza wishyure buri kwezi mugihe kandi ukoreshe DMV ya leta Inyandiko yo kwimura nta kibazo Kuri i i Umutwe.

Ikigo cy'imisoro n'amahoro gishobora gukora uwo bashakanye cyangwa umwana ukuze kwishyura umusoro wapfuye wapfuye?¶

An umwana mukuru cyangwa undi muvandimwe ntabwo yigeze abiryozwa kubabyeyi bapfuye bahembwa imisoro cyangwa imisoro ya leta (keretse niba umwana akora nka Executif kandi akagabana amafaranga yumutungo kubazungura mbere yo kwishyura Ikigo cy’imisoro kinyuranyije na 31 USC. Igice cya 3713). Kuri a kurokoka, wowe ubwawe ugomba kuryozwa umwenda wumusoreshwa wapfuye iyo wasinyiye a Umusoro uhuriweho (Gushyingiranwa hamwe) kuri uwo mwaka wimisoro. Nubwo waba warasinyiye hamwe, niba umwenda wimisoro waturutse kubyo mwashakanye watinze yinjiza cyangwa amakosa utari uzi, urashobora gutanga Ifishi ya IRS 8857 (Gusaba gutabarwa kw'abashakanye b'inzirakarengane) munsi ya 26 USC. Igice 6015 kugira Ikigo cy'imisoro n'amahoro kigukuraho inshingano zawe.

Niki "Idirishya Ryigihe gito Creditor Bar Window", kandi nigute rihanagura burundu imyenda yuwapfuye?¶

Buri gihugu amategeko agenga ibibazo arimo a Sitati idasaba. Iyo Executif afunguye probate akanatangaza kumugaragaro Menyesha abahawe inguzanyo mu kinyamakuru cyaho (kandi wohereza ubutumwa butaziguye kuberewemo imyenda), amategeko ya leta ashyiraho isaha yo kubara, mubisanzwe gusa Amezi 3 kugeza 6 (urugero, amezi 4 muri Californiya na Massachusetts, amezi 3 muri Florida na Washington). Umwenda wese udashoboye gutanga ikirego cyanditse cyinguzanyo mbere yuko amezi 3 kugeza kuri 6 arangira ni iteka ryose ribujijwe n'amategeko kuva gukusanya ijana. Nubwo ntawe ufungura iperereza na gato, leta nyinshi zifite hanze yuzuye Umwaka 1 cyangwa imyaka 2 nyuma yurupfu rwa Sitati ntarengwa .

Inkomoko yagenzuwe¶

• ** Komisiyo ishinzwe ubucuruzi muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika (FTC): Reg. 44915 (27 Nyakanga 2011) na * Impanuro z'umuguzi wa FTC: Amadeni n'abavandimwe bapfuye *.
• ** Ibiro bishinzwe kurengera umutungo w’abaguzi (CFPB) (Amerika): ** * Amabwiriza F (Amategeko yo gukusanya imyenda ikwiye) *, 12 CFR Ibice 1006.2 (e) na 1006.6 (a) (4); * CFPB & CMS Inama Ngishwanama ku kigo cyita ku bageze mu za bukuru Ibuzwa ry’abandi bantu (2022) *; na * Amabwiriza X / Z Uzungura mu mategeko yinyungu *.
• ** Amerika. Sitati ya Kongere (Amerika): ** * Garn-St. Amategeko yo kubitsa Germain yo mu 1982 *, 12 USC. Igice 1701j-3 (d); * Itegeko ryo kuvugurura inzu y'abaforomo *, 42 USC. Igice cya 1396r © (5) (A) (ii); * Itegeko ryo kugarura umutungo wa Medicaid *, 42 USC. Igice cya 1396p (b) (2); na * Kode y'ibibazo imwe (UPC) Igice cya 3-805 *.
• ** Guverinoma y'Ubwongereza, Ikigo gishinzwe kwinjiza imisoro muri Kanada / Minisiteri y’Intara, & Ikigo gishinzwe umutekano w’imari muri Ositaraliya (AFSA): ** * Itegeko rigenga imitungo 1925 & Iteka ry’imitungo itishyurwa 1986 (UK) *; * Amategeko yo kuvugurura izungura rya Ontario & Itegeko rigenga (Kanada) *; na * Itegeko ryo guhomba 1966 (Cth) Igice cya 116 (2) (d) & Igice cya XI (Ositaraliya) *.

Kuyobora¶

• Ikibazo cyo gufunga, guhagarika umutungo, hamwe nubuyobozi bwihutirwa
• Ubwishingizi bw'ubuzima busaba gutinda, impaka z'abagenerwabikorwa, hamwe n'icyemezo cy'urupfu
• Gutakaza umushahara wambere
• Abakusanya imyenda gutotezwa
• Gukusanya fagitire yubuvuzi, infashanyo yibitaro, no kwita kubagiraneza
• Kumenyesha ibyangiritse, kwihanganira inguzanyo, no kugabanya igihombo
• Imibare yihutirwa ukurikije igihugu