Amabuye ya pompe ya pompe Hose, umurongo uhagaritswe, hamwe nubutabazi bwo kuvanga ingoma¶

Ikamyo igezweho yashizwemo na pompe ya pompe hamwe na pompe yumurongo wa romoruki isunika beto yubatswe itunganijwe binyuze mumiyoboro yicyuma hamwe na rezo ya reberi ihindagurika kumashanyarazi yibikoresho bya hydraulic biri hagati ya ** 70 na 200 (pound 1.000 na 2.900 kuri santimetero kare, cyangwa psi) **. Bitandukanye n’amazi cyangwa amavuta ya hydraulic, beto itose nigitonyanga kidasubirwaho cyamabuye yajanjaguwe, umucanga, paste ya sima, namazi apima ibiro 2,400 kuri metero kibe (ibiro 150 kuri metero kibe) **. Iyo umufuka wumwuka ufatiwe mumiyoboro yo kugemura mugihe cyo gutangira pompe, cavitation cavitation, cyangwa nyuma yo gukuraho ikibuye, piston ya beto ikomeretsa umutego wa gaze kugeza kuri ** 85 + bar (1,200+ psi) ** inyuma yicyuma gikomeye cya beto. Ako kanya icyuma gifatika kigera kuri reberi ifunguye ** iherezo-ya hose (igitonyanga cya shitingi) ** umanitse hejuru ya boom, umufuka wumuyaga ucagaguye waguka biturika bikubye inshuro 80 ubunini bwa compression muri milisegonda. ** metero 4 (metero 12), ibiro 80 (175 pound) insinga zishimangirwa na rubber end-hose ** ibiboko bikabije hejuru yigitereko gisuka nkikimasa kinini, gishobora kwirukana umuntu-shoferi kumupanga muremure cyane cyangwa gutera igihanga cyica ndetse no guhahamuka.

Ibindi bintu bitatu byihutirwa byangiza ubuzima bibaho hafi yo gushyira beto hamwe namakamyo yiteguye kuvangwa: ** ukoresheje umwuka wugarijwe aho gukoresha amazi yumuvuduko kugirango utere umuyoboro wa beto wafunzwe cyangwa usukure umupira wa sponge **, ** winjire ingoma yizengurutsa ivanze na jackhammer kugirango ukureho beto ikomye udakoresheje imashini ya Lockout / Tagout (LOTO) hamwe ningaruka ya pH ya ** 13.5) ** iyo beto itose yinjiye imbere yinkweto zakazi cyangwa kumeneka mumaso. Kumenya kuguma hanze ya radiyo ya nyuma ya hose mugihe cyo gutangira pompe, yavanyeho umuvuduko wumuyoboro wafashwe mbere yo gukuramo clamp ya snap, gutabara umukozi wafatiwe mungoma ya mixer, no gutesha agaciro chromium hexavalent na calcium hydroxide yaka bikiza ubuzima. Reba nimero yihutirwa, gukomeretsa ikirere gikomeretsa hamwe na embolism yo mu kirere, Crane tip-hejuru, ihagarikwa ryumutwaro, hamwe numurongo wumurongo wumurongo, na sima, beto itose, alkali yaka imiti, hamwe nijisho ryamaso.

Kora ubu¶

1. ** Kanda buto yumutuku wihutirwa (E-Stop) kuri bouton yumupompi wa pompe ya pompe ya pompe ya pompe ya pompe ya pompe ya pompe ako kanya cyangwa kuruhande rwikamyo ya pompe ako kanya, hanyuma uhindure piston pompe ya beto kumutwe wa 2 kugeza kuri 3 ("suck back") niba umurongo uhagaritse cyangwa amaherezo ya hose atangiye gukubitwa. NTUKIGERE ufungura Victaulic cyangwa Hevi-Duty ifatanyiriza hamwe kumuyoboro wa beto wafunzwe mugihe uri mukibazo.
2. ** Niba umukozi yakubiswe na pompe ya pompe ya end-hose cyangwa guhuza, kurinda urutirigongo rwinkondo y'umura, kubarinda kunyerera hejuru yimyenda yo hejuru cyangwa materi yinyuma, hanyuma ugasuzuma ako kanya ibikomere byubwonko bwakomeretse, igituza cyimbere, kuva munda imbere, cyangwa kumanikwa kumugongo udafunze. ** Hamagara numero yawe yihutirwa (911 muri Amerika na Kanada, 112) muri Amerika yose, 999; genzura nimero yihutirwa.
3. ** Niba umukozi uri imbere yingoma ya beto cyangwa pompe ya pompe yafashwe cyangwa akomekwa mukuzunguruka kuvanga ibyuma cyangwa auger, funga moteri yikamyo ya mazutu na moteri ya hydraulic ako kanya, kanda ingoma irwanya imbaraga za rukuruzi hamwe nimbaho zimbaho mbere yo gukata cyangwa guterura, hanyuma utangire gutaburura ingoma cyangwa gufunga ingoma ya disiki itabuza guhagarika ingoma, guhagarika disikuru; reba umwanya uhagije wo guhumeka: manholes, silos, na tank.
4. ** Niba icyuma cya beto gihuye hejuru yumurongo wamashanyarazi mwinshi, umuyobozi wa pompe akoresheje icyuma cyuma cyangwase cyangwa gihagaze ku gikamyo agomba kuguma ku gikamyo (cyangwa agasimbuka neza hamwe n'ibirenge hamwe adakora ku gikamyo no hasi icyarimwe), mu gihe abakozi bari ku cyuma gisuka bagomba guhita barekura reberi ya nyuma-hose. reba Ikamyo yindobo irinda boom guhuza imirongo yumuriro hamwe nintambwe ishobora guhunga umuriro.
5. ** Niba igitutu cya beto gitose, sima ya sima, cyangwa minisiteri ikubise mumaso yumukozi uhereye kumashanyarazi yaturika cyangwa kumeneka, kwoza amaso ubudahwema ukoresheje amazi meza atemba cyangwa saline sterile byibuze muminota 20 kugeza 30 mugihe ufunguye ijisho rifunguye. reba ibikomere by'amaso.
6. ** Niba beto itose isuka imbere yinkweto zumukozi, gants, cyangwa ipantaro yatose, kura ako kanya inkweto hamwe n imyenda yanduye, kwoza ifu yumye, koza uruhu neza n'amazi atemba muminota 15 kugeza kuri 20, hanyuma ushyire vinegere yo murugo idakomeye (acide acetike acide) cyangwa pH-buffering nyuma yo gukaraba neza neza niba ubisabye uburozi bwuzuye bwa vitamine. yaka hirya nohino.

Igiti cyemezo: pompe ya beto, imiyoboro iva, hamwe na mixer yingoma yihutirwa¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Pompe ya beto, umuyoboro, cyangwa yiteguye kuvanga ingoma byihutirwa"] --> Incident{"Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibikoresho bya beto byihutirwa byabaye?"}
    Incident -->|"Kurangiza-Hose Ikiboko cyangwa Ingaruka Zihuza Ingaruka Zitera"| Whip["1. Kanda E-Hagarara kuri pompe ya kure na revers ya pompe 2 kugeza kuri 3 kugirango umuvuduko wamaraso; 2. Gutuza uwahohotewe umutwe nijosi kuri plaque / etage; irinde kugwa kumurongo wakazi; 3. Kugenzura amaraso menshi no kugenzura niba pneumothorax itera impagarara cyangwa kumanika inyuma; 4. Hamagara 911/112/999 kugirango ujyane ihahamuka no gukuramo ingobyi ya crane niba izamuka cyane"]
    Incident -->|"Umukozi Yashizwe muvanga Ingoma cyangwa Beto Hopper Auger"| Drum["1. Kanda E-Hagarara hanyuma uhagarike moteri yikamyo ya mazutu ako kanya; 2. Kuzuza ibiti munsi yigituba cyingoma kuburyo buremereye hagati ya beto idashobora kuzunguruka ingoma; 3. Hamagara 911/112/999 kumwanya uhagije & Team Extrication Team; 4. Hindura ingoma kandi ugenzure kuva amaraso hamwe na tourniquet niba bishoboka"]
    Incident -->|"Beto Boom Yavuzwe hejuru Hejuru-Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi"| PowerLine["1. Kureka reberi ya nyuma-hose ako kanya; inkingi ya beto itose ikora amashanyarazi; 2. Komeza abakozi bose byibura metero 10 uvuye mumamodoka ya pompe, outriggers, na hose; 3. Umukoresha ku gikamyo aguma mu bwato keretse ikamyo irimo umuriro (hanyuma usimbukire hamwe hamwe na hop / shuffle); 4. Hamagara utabazi na 911/112/999 kugirango utange ingufu umurongo mbere yo kwegera abapfuye"]
    Incident -->|"Caustic Beton Ijisho Kumenagura cyangwa Uruhu rutose Uruhu (pH 13)"| Burn["1. Kumena amaso: Kuhira ubudahwema n'amazi meza / saline muminota 20 kugeza 30+; 2. Gutwika inkweto / gutwika uruhu: Kuraho inkweto n'amasogisi yuzuye sima / ipantaro ako kanya; 3. Koza uruhu n'amazi atemba muminota 15 kugeza kuri 20; ntugasuzume ibisebe bibisi; 4. Gutwara abagenzi byihutirwa cyangwa Ikigo cyita kubuvuzi bwamaso / gutwika"]

Fizika ya pompe ya pompe ya hose ikubitwa no guhagarika imiyoboro iturika¶

Kuki umwuka wafashwe uhindura umuyoboro wa beto mukibunda¶

Pompe ya hydraulic piston ikora ikora mugushushanya beto itose ivuye mumashanyarazi yakira ibyuma bibiri bisimburana hanyuma ikabisunika mumiyoboro yagabanijwe ya diameter yagabanutse (mubisanzwe milimetero 125 125 / santimetero 5 z'imbere). Mugihe cyose uburebure bwumuyoboro bwuzuye bwuzuye ijana kwijana byuzuye beto itose, idashobora kwangirika, beto isohoka ya rubber end-hose neza kumuvuduko ugenzurwa na metero 1 kugeza kuri 2 kumasegonda (metero 3 kugeza kuri 6 kumasegonda) **.

Urwo rugendo ruhoraho ruhinduka ibisasu mugihe ** umwuka ucogora ** winjira mumuhanda kuruhande rwa beto:

1. ** Uburyo umufuka wumwuka winjira kumurongo wa beto: **
2. ** Pompe yambere itangira no gutangira: ** Mbere ya metero kibe yambere ya beto yuzuza imiyoboro ya boom, ibice bya boom birimo litiro amagana yumuyaga. Nkuko beto isunikwa hejuru ya "A-frame" hejuru ya boom, beto iremereye irashobora kunyerera kumuyoboro wamanuka wihuta kuruta uko wapompa, ugafata umufuka munini wumwuka inyuma.
3. ** Cavitation cavitation (kureka hopper ikagenda hasi): ** Niba ikamyo yiteguye kuvanga isohoka gahoro gahoro kandi urwego rwa beto imbere muri pompe yakira pompe rwamanutse munsi yisonga rya ** S-valve (valve valve) ** cyangwa gufungura silinderi yibikoresho, piston yonsa umwuka mwinshi muri silinderi hagati ya beto ya beto.
4. ** Amabuye y'urutare hamwe no gukumira ("Gupakira"): ** Niba ivangwa rya beto ridafite amanota mabi, igipande cyumuti wumye utavanze, cyangwa ugashyiraho beto ikora icyuma kimeze nk'umugozi ku kugabanya imiyoboro, inkokora, cyangwa guhuza hamwe, beto iri inyuma yicyuma ihagarara kwimuka mugihe pompe hydraulic ihita yongerera umuvuduko ukabije kugeza kuri ** ** 200 kugeza 200.
5. ** Amategeko ya Boyle no kwaguka kwikirere hejuru ya hose: **
6. Niba umufuka wa litiro 50 wumwuka wafatiwe mumiyoboro inyuma yumuzitiro cyangwa hagati yamashanyarazi abiri aremereye ya beto, hanyuma pompe igahagarika uwo mufuka wumuyaga kugeza kuri bar 85 85 (1,230 psi) **, umufuka wumwuka uragabanuka kugeza kuri litiro ** 0,6 **, ukabika ingufu nini zishoboka nkisoko yicyuma.
7. Iyo guhagarika kumeneka gitunguranye, cyangwa mugihe umwuka wikubye uhumeka ugeze kumpera yumutwe wa reberi itonyanga aho igitutu cyikirere ari akabari 1 gusa, umufuka wumwuka waguka ** inshuro 85 mumasegonda atarenze 0.05 **.
8. Irasa ibiro 50 kugeza kuri 100 bisigaye (ibiro 110 kugeza kuri 220) bya beto hamwe nigitare kiva muri nozzle nka grapeshot kuri metero zirenga ** 50 kumasegonda (110 mph) **, mugihe igitero cyibisubizo gitera reberi iremereye ya milimetero 125 (5-santimetero 5) ya reberi iheruka gukubitwa mu ruziga rukabije rwa dogere 360 ​​hamwe na ** ibihumbi nudton zingaruka zingaruka **.

Amategeko yo gukora neza kugirango akingire ibikomere bya hose (ACPA & ASME B30.27)¶

Buri mukoresha wa pompe ya beto, hose-man, hamwe nabakozi basuka abakozi agomba kubahiriza amategeko atanu yumutekano adashobora kuganirwaho yashyizweho n’ishyirahamwe ry’abanyamerika ripompa beto (ACPA) **, ** OSHA 29 CFR 1926.702 **, na ** ASME B30.27 **:

• ** Ingingo ya 1: Irinde abakozi bose ahantu hashobora gutangirira akaga-hose mugihe cyo gutangira no gutangira. Umuntu wese agomba guhagarara hanze ya radiyo ingana na ** byibura uburebure bwuzuye bwa rubber end-hose (byibura metero 4 kugeza kuri 5 / metero 12 kugeza 16) **. Gusa nyuma yumwuka umaze guhanagura burundu kandi urujya n'uruza rwa beto rutemba rushobora gutemba hose umuntu-muntu akinjira akayobora hose.
• ** Ingingo ya 2: Kugenzura umugozi wo kubika umutekano wanyuma (hose-kugenzura) hamwe nuburyo bumwe. Gusohora hepfo yimanitse-hose igomba kuba ifite ** NTA cyuma gifatanye **.
• ** Ingingo ya 3: Ntukigere ukubita, kunama, cyangwa gukandagira reberi ya nyuma-hose. kinking imitego ihumeka ikirere kandi ikora ako kanya urutare ruhanagura hose mumaboko yawe iyo urekuwe. Ntuzigere ufata amaherezo ya hose ahobera mu gituza cyangwa ngo akenyere hagati y'amaguru.
• ** Ingingo ya 4: Subiza pompe ("soma inyuma") mbere yo gufungura imiyoboro iyo ari yo yose. ** Niba umurongo wa beto ucometse, umuyobozi wa pompe agomba guhita ahagarika kuvoma imbere hanyuma akazenguruka pompe muri ** REVERSE byibuze byibuze 2 kugeza kuri 3 byuzuye ** kugeza igipimo cya hydraulic cyamanutse kuri zeru. Abakozi bashakisha icyuma bakanda umuyoboro w'icyuma ukoresheje inyundo (gutega amatwi urusaku ruteye impeta n'impeta idafite umumaro) bagomba kwambara ingabo zo mu maso kandi bagahagarara ku ruhande iyo bakinguye ifunguro ryafashwe, kuko umwuka wafashwe usigaye urashobora gutera akajagari ka caustic.
• ** Ingingo ya 5: Koresha amazi akandamijwe, NTIWIGEZE guhumeka umwuka, kugirango usibe umurongo wafunzwe cyangwa utere umupira usukuye igihe cyose bishoboka. Munsi ya ** OSHA 29 CFR 1926.702 (b) ** na ** Amabwiriza y’ubwubatsi ya HSE **, birabujijwe rwose guhumeka umwuka w’umuyaga uhumeka neza keretse niba gutabaza amazi bidashoboka mu buryo bw’umubiri, icyemezo cy’umutwe winjiye mu kirere hamwe n’isanduku yo gufata-agaseke (gufata umupira) ** gifashwe neza kugeza ku musozo w’umuyoboro w’icyuma, hasohotse mbere hose.

Witegure kuvanga beto ivanga ingoma na pump hopper gutabara¶

Kuberiki kwinjiza ingoma ya beto kuvanga ibyuma bikomye byica cyane¶

Mugihe cyibyumweru byinshi byo gutwara beto-ivanze ya beto, ibisigara bisigara bikomera kumurongo wivanga ("T-blade") imbere yingoma yicyuma izenguruka ikamyo ivanga transit, kugabanya ubushobozi no guta ingoma muburinganire. Rimwe na rimwe, abakozi bagomba kuzamuka banyuze muri santimetero ** 45 kugeza kuri 55-santimetero (18-22-santimetero) ingoma yingoma ** cyangwa imashanyarazi yinyuma ikoresheje inyundo yo mu bwoko bwa pneumatike (jackhammer) kugirango bakureho ibiro 500 kugeza 2000 (ibiro 1100 kugeza 4.400) byubatswe na beto.

Kwinjira kuvanga ingoma ya beto ikomatanya ** Ibyago byo mu kirere bigarukira ** hamwe n'imitego ibiri ikabije yo gukanika imashini (** OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146 ** na ** OSHA Amabwiriza CPL 02-00-100 **):

1. ** Impanuka ya moteri itangira cyangwa hydraulic drum lever actuation: ** Niba moteri yikamyo isigaye yiruka kuri sisitemu yo mu kirere cyangwa niba umushoferi yuriye mu kabari agatangira ikamyo kuyimura mu cyogero cyo gukaraba atazi ko chipper iri imbere yingoma, ibyuma bizunguruka byikubita hasi bikogosha umukozi ku cyuma mu masegonda make.
2. ** Gravity iterwa na "drum rollback" hamwe na moteri YOSE: ** N'igihe moteri ya mazutu yafunzwe kandi urufunguzo rwo gutwika rugafungwa, ingoma ivanga hamwe na kilo 1.000 (pound 2200) ya beto ikomye ifatanye kuruhande rumwe rw'igikonoshwa cy'imbere ** iraremereye cyane. Mugihe umukozi atobora beto hasi cyangwa akazamuka kuruhande rumwe rwimbere rwimbere, cyangwa niba umuvuduko wa hydraulic uri imbere ya moteri ya hydrostatike yingoma ya moteri itwara amaraso gahoro gahoro kashe yimbere, uburemere butari hagati yikigo butera ingoma ya toni nyinshi kuzunguruka kuri dogere 90 kugeza kuri 180 kuburemere bwuzuye **, kumenagura umukozi munsi yibisate bya beto cyangwa kubihambira hagati yigitereko.

Gutegekwa gufunga / Tagout (LOTO) no guhagarika umubiri mbere yo kwinjira ingoma¶

Mbere yuko umukozi wese ashyira umutwe cyangwa umubiri imbere yingoma ivanze cyangwa intambwe kuri pompe ya beto yakira urusyo:

• ** Kubwingoma ya beto ivanze: **
• Funga moteri yamakamyo, ukureho urufunguzo rwo gutwika, hanyuma ushireho umuntu wihariye ** Lockout / Tagout (LOTO) gufunga ** kuri bateri shobuja ya bateri guhagarika icyuma na moteri yumuryango / cab.
• Kwiheba no guhagarika cyangwa gufunga ** hydrostatike hydraulic hydraulic drum-drive pompe ihuza **.
• ** Hagarika kumubiri ingoma irwanya imbaraga za rukuruzi mu byerekezo BYINSHI: ** Shyiramo imigozi iremereye yimbaho ​​zikomeye (chock) hagati yicyuma cyinyuma cyuma cyuma cyimbere / impeta yimodoka hamwe na kamyo ya chassis pedestal kumpande zombi, KANDI uzenguruke urunigi ruvanze cyangwa ushireho imashini ifunga ingoma kugirango ingoma idacika.
• Tanga ubudahwema-mwuka uhumeka, silika ihumeka yubuhumekero, hamwe nu mukozi watojwe ** ufungiwe umwanya-wumwanya ** uhagaze hanze yicyayi.
• ** Kuri pompe ya beto yakira Hoppers (S-Tube na Remixer Auger): **
• Ntuzigere ukandagira icyuma cyumutekano hejuru yicyuma cya pompe mugihe moteri ikora, kandi ntuzigere ugera cyangwa ngo uzamure icyuma cya hopper kugirango ukureho urutare ukoresheje amaboko cyangwa amasuka mugihe ingufu za hydraulic zikora.
• ** S.
• ** Icyitonderwa cyingenzi cyo gukusanya ibintu: ** Gukubita gusa E-Guhagarika cyangwa kuzimya moteri ya mazutu ya mazutu ya mazutu ** NTIBIKORA umutekano hopper ** keretse niba ** ya azote hydraulic yegeranya yamenetse yamenetse ** hanyuma igipimo cyumuvuduko gisoma ** 0 bar (0 psi) **; ububiko bwa azote yabitswe mubikusanyirizo birashobora kurasa S-valve kuruhande rumwe rwa nyuma n'imbaraga zihagije zo guca ukuguru cyangwa ukuboko ako kanya; reba hydraulic hose pinhole yaturika, amazi ashyushye ya spray yaka, hamwe nuwakusanyije ava amaraso.

Intambwe ku yindi gutabara umukozi wafatiwe mu kuvanga ingoma cyangwa pompe¶

1. ** Funga ingufu hanyuma uve amaraso ya hydraulic (kuri pompe pompe): **
2. Kuri pompe ya pompe ya beto, funga moteri ya mazutu KANDI uhite uhindura intoki ** yegeranya imyanda / ivamo amaraso ya valve ** kuri zeru mbere yo gushyiramo imashini itabara hydraulic, cyangwa S-tube irashobora kwikubita agashyi hejuru yuwahohotewe igihe yarekuwe.
3. Kuvanga ingoma ya beto, funga moteri yikamyo hanyuma ** uhite utwara ibiti munsi yimpande zombi zicyuma cyinyuma cyinyuma ** kugirango ingoma idashobora gusubira inyuma mugihe ingingo yuwahohotewe irekuwe.
4. ** Ntuzigere uzunguruka ingoma ivanga munsi yububasha kugirango urekure umukozi wafashwe: ** Kugerageza "kwiruka" ingoma ya hydraulic ingoma ihindagurika ifata ibyemezo bitateganijwe kandi akenshi bikurura uwahohotewe cyane muri T-blade. Ahubwo, abashinzwe gutabara umuriro bazakoresha ** oxy-acetylene / plasma yaka, inkoni zo gukata zidasanzwe, cyangwa ibyuma biremereye bya hydraulic ** kugirango bace idirishya ryinjira mu cyuma cyingoma ya milimetero 5 (3/16)
5. ** Koresha irushanwa mbere yo kurekura ingingo yajanjaguwe cyangwa yaciwe: ** Niba auger cyangwa S-valve yajanjaguye cyangwa igice cyaciwe ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru imbere muri bombo ya beto, koresha umuyaga wumuyaga wumuyaga ** santimetero 5 kugeza kuri 7 (santimetero 2 kugeza kuri 3) ** hafi yikibanza mbere yo gukuramo icyuma kuburyo budasanzwe bwo kuva amaraso mu maraso; reba kuva amaraso.

Imiti ya alkaline ya beto yaka (pH 13) no guhumura amaso¶

Kuki beto itose itera ububabare bwo mucyiciro cya gatatu ("Uburozi bwa sima")¶

Ifu yumye ya Portland ya sima irimo calcium oxyde (yihuta). Amazi ahita avangwa na sima kugirango habeho kuvanga beto, minisiteri, cyangwa shitingi, reaction ya hydration reaction itanga ** hydroxide ya calcium yuzuye, hydroxide ya sodium, na hydroxide ya potasiyumu **, bikazamura alkalinity ya paste yamazi yatose kuri ** pH ya 12.5 kugeza 13.5 **, hafi ya alkaline nkisukura amazi. Trace ** hexavalent chromium (Cr VI) ** muri sima nayo itera dermatite ikomeye ya allergique.

Bitandukanye na acide ikomeye, ihuza poroteyine z'uruhu mu gisebe kirinda (eschar) igabanya kwinjira cyane kandi igatera ububabare bukabije bwo gukomeretsa, alkalis ikomeye nka beto itose ikora ibinyuranye na byo:

1. ** Liqufaction necrosis na saponification: ** Kalisiyumu na hydroxide ya potasiyumu ihindura amavuta ya lipide karemano yo mu ruhu rwabantu ahinduka isabune (** saponification **), gushonga utugingo ngengabuzima no gutembera buhoro buhoro mu binure byo mu nda, imitsi, n'imitsi igihe cyose sima itose igumye ku ruhu.
2. ** Kurimbura imitsi yuburiganya ("Boot irashya"): ** Iyo beto itose irambuye hejuru yinkweto za reberi yumukozi cyangwa ikanyunyuza ipantaro yakazi apfukamye, alkali isenya ibyakirwa byububabare bukabije mugihe umucanga utera amabuye hamwe na kaburimbo bikurura epidermi yo hanze. Kuberako reaction ya hydration ishyushya beto ho gato, umukozi yumva ubushyuhe bworoheje cyangwa uburibwe gusa agakomeza gukora ** amasaha 2 kugeza kuri 6 **. Iyo amaherezo bakuyemo inkweto n'amasogisi barangije kwimuka, uruhu hejuru yuruhu rwabo, amaguru, nibirenge ni imvi, uruhu, cyangwa kurigata muri ** umubyimba wuzuye wuzuye ibisebe byo murwego rwa gatatu ** bisaba ko babaga uruhu rwo kubaga.

Imfashanyo yambere yo gutwika uruhu rwa beto yaka no guhumura amaso¶

1. ** Kuri beto itose cyangwa igikonjo mumaso (Ibihe byihutirwa bya Ophthalmic): **
2. Tangira koza ijisho ** mu masegonda 10 ** ukoresheje sitasiyo ya ANSI yubahiriza amaso, saline sterile, cyangwa igikoma cyose gisukuye cyangwa amazi yamacupa.
3. Fata ijisho ryawe ukoresheje intoki zawe, uzunguruze ijisho mu mpande zose, hanyuma witonze (flip) ijisho ryo hejuru no hepfo kugirango woze umusenyi wafashwe hamwe nuduce twa lime bivuye mu mwobo wimbitse (** fornices **); kugumana sima ibice munsi yijisho ryo hejuru bizakomeza gushonga cornea kumasaha.
4. Komeza kuhira bidasubirwaho ** byibuze iminota 20 kugeza 30 ** kugeza kubitaro; reba ibikomere by'amaso na sima, beto itose, alkali yaka imiti, hamwe nijisho ryamaso.
5. ** Kuri beto itose kuruhu cyangwa inkweto imbere: **
6. Kuraho inkweto, amasogisi, gants, ipantaro yuzuye sima ako kanya.
7. Banza uhanagure ifu ya sima yumye ubanza (kongeramo akantu gato kumazi kuri sima yumye ikora reaction ya alkali reaction; burigihe ukoreshe amazi menshi cyane).
8. Koza uruhu munsi y'amazi akonje kuri ** iminota 15 kugeza kuri 20 ** ukoresheje isabune yoroheje ya pH idafite aho ibogamiye kugirango ukureho sima ya sima ifatanye utabanje gukuramo ibice.
9. ** Gukoresha vinegere yogejwe kuruhu rudahwitse cyangwa rworoheje rutukura: ** Kuberako calcium hydroxide ihuza intagondwa na poroteyine zuruhu na nyuma yo koza n'amazi asanzwe, umurongo ngenderwaho wumutekano wakazi (harimo ** NIOSH **, ** OSHA **, na ** ACPA **) menya ko kwoza uruhu rwerekanwe na sima hamwe na vinegere yumusemburo wamazi (5% acide acide ivanze namazi yubusa) alkalinity kuruhu rwiza. Kora ** OYA ** suka vinegere mumaso cyangwa hejuru yibikomere byimbitse, biva amaraso.
10. Gupfukirana ahantu hose havunitse, imvi, cyangwa mbisi hamwe na gaze ya sterile idafite inkoni hanyuma ushakishe isuzumabumenyi ryihuse; reba yaka.

Inomero zihutirwa zo mukarere hamwe na protocole yikigo¶

Mugihe uhamagaye ubufasha bwihutirwa kurubuga rusukuye, vuga niba ibyabaye birimo ** ihahamuka ryumuvuduko mwinshi wa hose, umukozi wafatiwe mungoma ya mixer / hopper, umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi hejuru, cyangwa gutabara igorofa ndende bisaba umunara crane man-basket **. Reba nimero yihutirwa.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa¶

Ni ukubera iki pompe ya pompe ya rubber irangiza-hose ikubitwa giturumbuka hejuru yurwego?¶

Pompe ya pompe ya nyuma ya hose ikubitwa iyo umufuka wumwuka uhumeka ufatiwe mumurongo wogutanga, mubisanzwe mugihe cyo gutangira pompe, nyuma yo kongeramo cyangwa gufungura igice cyumuyoboro, mugihe icyuma cyakira cyiruka cyane kandi kinyunyuza umwuka muri silinderi, cyangwa inyuma yo kuzitira urutare. Kubera ko pompe ya hydraulic pompe ikorera kuri bar 70 kugeza 200 (psi 1.000 kugeza 2,900 psi), uwo mufuka wumuyaga wafashwe urahagarikwa kugeza ku nshuro zigera kuri 80 umuvuduko wikirere uri inyuma yigitereko kiremereye cya beto. Ako kanya icyuma cya beto gihanagura isonga yimanitse ya reberi imanikwa, umwuka wugarijwe waguka cyane muri milisegonda, urasa hamwe nka top, hanyuma ugakubita ikiro cya kilo 80 (175 pound) mumuzinga wubugizi bwa nabi.

Ni ukubera iki bitemewe kandi byica gushira icyuma hejuru yicyuma cyo kumanura hejuru ya boom end-hose?¶

Igikoresho gisanzwe cya rubber boom end-hose (igitonyanga cya shitingi) yagenewe kugira ibyuma bifatanyiriza kumpera yacyo hejuru aho ifatiye kumutwe wibyuma, hasigara iherezo ryanyuma risohoka nkibikoresho byoroshye, bidafunze ("shitingi imwe-imwe"). Niba umukozi afatanye na shitingi ebyiri cyangwa agasiga icyuma gifata ibyuma, kugabanya, cyangwa clamp yometse kumutwe wamanitse wubusa hejuru ya hose, hanyuma umufuka wumuyaga ugahita utera ikiboko, ibyo byuma bihuza ibyuma biremereye kuri metero zirenga 30 kumasegonda (70 mph), bikora nkumupira usenya usenya ingofero zikomeye, igihanga, nimbavu ku ngaruka.

Ni ukubera iki utagomba na rimwe gukoresha umwuka wugarije kugirango usibe umurongo wa pompe wacometse mugihe amazi yumuvuduko aboneka?¶

Iyo umuyoboro wa beto ucometse hanyuma abakozi bagahuza compressor yumuyaga mwinshi kugirango basunike umupira wa sponge kugirango bahagarike, uburebure bwose bwumuyoboro inyuma yumuzitiro bwuzura umwuka wifunitse wabitswe nkisoko nini ya pneumatike. Mugihe guhagarika beto bimenetse hanyuma bigatangira kugenda, ubwumvikane buke butunguranye kandi umwuka wagutse wihuta byihutisha umuvuduko uremereye wa beto hamwe numupira wa sponge kumanuka kumuyoboro kumuvuduko udasanzwe. Keretse niba reberi yanyuma-hose yakuweho kandi ibyuma byemewe-bifata ibyuma bifatirwa kumutwe wumuyoboro wometse kumutwe, icyuma gisohora hamwe numuyoboro wo gukubita bizica umuntu wese imbere yacyo. Amazi yumuvuduko ntagereranywa, mugihe akimara kwimuka, umuvuduko ugabanuka neza nta kwaguka guturika.

Nigute kuvanga ingoma ya beto ishobora kumenagura umukozi imbere nubwo moteri ya mazutu yikamyo yazimye?¶

Abakozi bazamuka imbere yingoma ya beto yiteguye kuvangwa na jackhammer kugirango bakureho ibyuma byubakishijwe ibyuma bahura ningaruka zikomeye zica imbaraga zitwa ingoma. Niba kilo 500 kugeza 1.500 (pound 1100 kugeza 3,300) ya beto ikomye ifatanye ku buryo butaringaniye kuruhande rumwe rwimbere yingoma, ingoma ntisanzwe. Ndetse na moteri ya mazutu yazimye kandi urufunguzo rwo gutwika rwakuweho, mugihe umukozi yakuyeho beto cyangwa niba amazi ya hydraulic ava amaraso gahoro gahoro kashe ya moteri ya hydrostatike ya moteri, uburemere butera uruhande ruremereye rwingoma ya toni ya toni nyinshi kumanuka munsi ya dogere 90 kugeza 180, kumenagura umukozi imbere cyangwa kubogoshesha. Buri gihe uzunguze ibiti bikomeye munsi yimpande zombi zingoma hanyuma uhambire ingoma mbere yo kwinjira.

Ni ukubera iki gutwika beto yatwitse imbere yinkweto zakazi akenshi bitamenyekana kugeza igihe byihutirwa byo mu rwego rwa gatatu?¶

Amazi ya sima ya Portland yatose afite pH ya caustic ya 12.5 kugeza 13.5 kubera calcium, sodium, na hydroxide ya potasiyumu ikorwa mugihe sima ifata amazi. Iyo beto itose igabanutse imbere yinkweto zumukozi cyangwa ikanyunyuza ipantaro ipfukamye, alkali ikomeye ishonga amavuta yuruhu (saponification) ikanangiza imitsi yububabare bukabije mugihe umusenyi uteye ukuraho uruhu rwinyuma. Kubera ko imiti yimiti yumva ishyushye gusa kandi ikananiza uruhu, abakozi bakunze gusiga beto itose imbere yinkweto zabo amasaha menshi, bakavumbura ko umunsi urangiye ko ibishishwa byabo hamwe nibirenge byababaje cyane, byuzuye umubyimba wo murwego rwa gatatu bisaba gutwika uruhu.

• Aka gatabo gatanga ibikoresho byubwubatsi umutekano, lockout / tagout, hamwe nihungabana ryihutirwa no gutwika protocole kandi ntibisimbuza amahugurwa yemewe ya pompe ya pompe cyangwa ubuvuzi bwumwuga. Tekereza gufata akazi kambere ubufasha bwambere hamwe na CPR ukoresheje Croix-Rouge, Ambulance ya St John, cyangwa ikigo cyigihugu gishinzwe umutekano wubwubatsi. *

Kuyobora¶

• Gukomeretsa ikirere gikomeretsa hamwe na embolism yo mu kirere
• Umwanya uhagije wo guhumeka: manholes, silos, na tank
• Hydraulic hose pinhole iraturika, amazi ashyushye spray yaka, hamwe nuwakusanyije ava amaraso
• Isima, beto itose, imiti ya alkali yaka, hamwe nijisho ryamaso
• Gukomeretsa amaso

Inkomoko nubuyobozi¶

• Ubuyobozi bushinzwe umutekano n’ubuzima (OSHA, Amerika): * 29 CFR 1926.701 & 1926.702 Ibisabwa ku bikoresho n’ibikoresho mu iyubakwa rya beto na Masonry * na * OSHA Gukora beto Amabwiriza agenga umwanya *
• Ishyirahamwe ryabapompa ryabanyamerika (ACPA) & ASME: * ASME B30.27 Sisitemu yo Gushyira Ibikoresho Sisitemu Yumutekano hamwe nigitabo cyumutekano wa Hose-Man *
• Akazi keza muri Australiya: * Ubuyobozi bwo gucunga ibyago mubwubatsi: kuvoma beto *
• Umuyobozi mukuru w’ubuzima n’umutekano (HSE, Ubwongereza) & Ishyirahamwe ry’abakozi bashinzwe kubaka (CPA): * Imikorere myiza: Gukoresha neza pompe za beto *
• Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe umutekano n’ubuzima (NIOSH, Amerika): * Kurinda ibibazo byuruhu gukorana na Portland Cement *