Kɔnkrit Pɔmpi Hose Ƒoƒo, Blocked Line Blowouts, kple Mixer Drum Lockout Xɔname¶

Egbegbe kɔkrit boom pɔmpi siwo wotu ɖe agbatsɔʋuwo dzi kple pɔmpi siwo wotsɔna ʋua ʋu ƒe ʋuƒo ƒoa xɔtuɖaŋu si xɔ dzo to gakpo ƒe pɔmpiwo kple rababa ɖoɖo hose siwo te ŋu trɔna bɔbɔe me le hadrolik-nu ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si le 70 kple 200 bar (pound 1,000 kple 2,900 le inch square ɖeka me, alo psi) dome. To vovo na tsi alo hadrolik-mi la, kɔnkrit si xɔ dzo nye kpe gbadzɛ si wogbã, ke, siminti-mi, kple tsi si ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 2,400 le kubik-meta ɖeka me (pound 150 le kubik-fɔti ɖeka me) ƒe ʋeʋẽ si womate ŋu aƒo o. Ne ya ƒe kotoku aɖe tsi pɔmpi si me wotsɔa ya ɖona me le pɔmpia ƒe gɔmedzedze, hopper cavitation, alo le kpe aɖe si xe mɔ dzi ɖeɖe vɔ megbe la, kɔnkrit-piston la tea gas-kuɖɔ ma si xe mɔ na wò la va ɖoa 85+ bar (1,200+ psi) le kɔkrit ƒe plug sesẽ aɖe megbe. Zi alesi kɔkrit-kplu ɖo rababa end-hose (drop hose) si le ʋuʋu ɖi si le xɔxlɔ̃ ƒe nugbɔ gbɔ ko la, ya kotoku si woƒo ɖe enu la kekena ɖe enu wòwóna va ɖoa eƒe sesẽme si woƒo ɖe enu ƒe teƒe 80 le milisekɔnd me. Meta 4 (afɔ 12), kilogram 80 (pound 175) si wotsɔ ka do goe ƒe nuwuƒe hose la ƒoa sesĩe to tsiɖɔɖɔƒea abe nyitsu gã aɖe ene, si te ŋu tsɔa hose-ŋutsu ƒua gbe tso kpe gbadzɛ kɔkɔ aɖe ƒe go dzi alo naa tagbɔ kple akɔta ƒe abi si me mekɔ o si wua ame.

Nudzɔdzɔ kpata etɔ̃ bubu siwo ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me dzɔna le kɔkrit ɖoɖo kple agbatsɔʋu siwo wotsaka xoxo ŋu: ya si woƒo tsɔ wu tsi si wotsɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu zazã atsɔ aƒo kɔkrit ƒe pɔmpi si xe alo akɔ ƒumebɔbɔ bɔl ŋu, tsɔa chipping jackhammer gena ɖe kɔnkrit-kplu si le tsatsam si wotsaka xoxo me be woaɖe kɔnkrit si sesẽ si ƒo ƒu la ɖa evɔ womatsɔ mɔ̃ awɔe o Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) kple drum-rotation blocks, kple fukpekpe deto le dzidzenu etɔ̃lia me alkaline atikewo ƒe dzobibi (pH 12.5 va ɖo 13.5) ne kɔnkrit xɔdzo ge ɖe rababa dɔwɔfɔkpawo me alo ƒu ɖe ŋkuwo me. Ne ènya alesi nànɔ nuwuƒe ƒe hose ƒe ʋuʋudedi ƒe didime godo le pɔmpia ƒe gɔmedzedze, ʋu le pɔmpi ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si xaxa me hafi aɖe snap clamp, aɖe dɔwɔla si xaxa ɖe mixer drum me, eye nàɖe hexavalent chromium kple calcium hydroxide ƒe dzobibi ɖa la, eɖea amewo ƒe agbe. Kpɔ ɖa xexlẽdzesi siwo wozãna kpata, . ya si woƒo ƒu ƒe abixɔxɔ kple ya ƒe ʋuka me ʋu ƒe sisi, . crane ƒe ʋuʋu, agba si le tsia dzi ƒe ɖiɖi, kple elektrikka si le yame ƒe kadodo, kple siminti, kɔnkrit xɔdzo, alkali ƒe atikewo ƒe dzobibi, kple lime ŋkumeʋuʋu.

Wɔ esia fifia¶

1. Zi Emergency Stop (E-Stop) ƒe dzesi dzĩ si le kɔnkrit pɔmpidɔwɔla ƒe ƒodo-pack ƒe adzɔgedzikpɔmɔ̃ dzi alo le pɔmpi lɔri ƒe axadzi enumake, eye nàtrɔ kɔkrit pɔmpi ƒe pistonwo hena ƒoƒo 2 va ɖo 3 ("suck back") ne ka aɖe xe alo nuwuwu-hose aɖe dze ƒoƒo gɔme. Ne ègbugbɔ kɔkrit pɔmpia ɖe megbe la, eɖea asi le eŋu enumake 70-va-200-bar (1,000-to-2,900-psi) ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si xaxa ɖe pɔmpia me; MÈGAʋu Victaulic alo Hevi-Duty snap coupling ɖe kɔnkrit pɔmpi si xe dzi esime wòle nyaƒoɖeamenu me GBEÐE o.
2. Ne kɔkrit pɔmpi ƒe nuwuƒe ƒe hose alo coupling si ƒoa dɔwɔla aɖe ƒoe la, kpɔ woƒe vidzidɔ ƒe akɔta ta, na woagadze le formwork alo rebar mats siwo kɔ dzi o, eye nàda asɔ enumake be ahɔhɔ̃a ƒe abi si wɔ nuku, eƒe akɔta si le ʋuʋum, ʋu si dona le ƒodo me, alo wotsɔ ati ƒoe ɖe rebar si wometsɔ nutsyɔnu o dzi hã. Ƒo ka na wò nutoa me xexlẽdzesi kpata (911 le United States kple Canada,, le United States kple Canada,). 112 le Europa Dukɔwo ƒe Habɔbɔ bliboa me, 999 le United Kingdom); check xexlẽdzesi siwo wozãna kpata.
3. Ne wolé dɔwɔla aɖe si le kɔnkrit tsakatsaka ƒe kpẽ alo pɔmpi ƒe ʋuƒo me alo wotsɔe blae to kɔkrit tsakatsaka ƒe asike alo auger si trɔna me la, tsi agbatsɔʋua ƒe diesel mɔ̃ kple hydraulic drive enumake, tsɔ ati ƒe ʋuƒo ƒo kpẽa ɖe gravity rollback ta hafi nàtsoe alo akɔe, eye nàdze Confined Space Rescue gɔme. Mègalia kɔkrit tsakatsaka me gbeɖe o kpẽa evɔ màxe dzodoƒea o, atso hadrolik kpẽ ƒe pɔmpia, eye wòatsɔ kɔsɔkɔsɔ alo axe mɔ na kpẽa ŋutɔŋutɔ o; kpɔ ɖa yamenutome si woxe mɔ na ƒe gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe: do siwo me amewo tona, silo, kple tsidzɔƒe.
4. Ne kɔkrit ƒe ʋuƒo aɖe do ka kple elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃ si le yame la, ele be pɔmpidɔwɔla si zãa kaƒomɔ̃ si me ka le alo tsi tre ɖe agbatsɔʋua dzi la nanɔ agbatsɔʋua dzi (alo ati kpo wòakɔ kple afɔwo ɖekae evɔ maka asi agbatsɔʋua kple anyigba ŋu le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me o), evɔ ele be dɔwɔla siwo le kɔkrit ƒe ʋuƒoa dzi naɖe asi le rababa ƒe nuwuƒe-hose la ŋu enumake. Kɔkrit si xɔ dzo le pɔmpia me la naa elektrikŋusẽ si me ka le tẽe boom kple to rababa ƒe nuwuwu-hose la me yi hose-ŋutsua ƒe asiwo me; kpɔ ɖa bucket truck insulated boom contact kple elektrikkawo kple afɔɖeɖe-siwo ate ŋu atɔ dzo dzo.
5. Ne kɔkrit xɔdzo si wotsɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu wɔe, siminti-gbadzɛ, alo aŋɔ ƒo ɖe dɔwɔla ƒe ŋkuwo me tso hose si gbã alo clamp si le dodom me la, tsɔ tsi dzadzɛ gbogbo aɖe si le sisim alo dze si me dɔlékui mele o klɔ ŋkuawo ɣesiaɣi aɖabaƒoƒo 20 va ɖo 30 ya teti esime nèle ŋkumeʋuʋuwo lém. Wet Portland cement has a caustic pH of 12.5 to 13.5 si naa ŋkume ƒe ŋkume ƒe ʋuʋudedi eye wòlɔa ŋkume le aɖabaƒoƒo ʋɛ aɖewo ko me; kpɔ ɖa ŋku ƒe abixɔxɔ.
6. Ne kɔkrit xɔdzo kɔ ɖe dɔwɔla ƒe afɔkpa, asigɛ, alo atawui si me tsi le me la, ɖe afɔkpa kple awu siwo me dɔlékui le la ɖa enumake, tsɔ atike ƒuƒu ƒu gbe, klɔ ŋutigbalẽa nyuie kple tsi si le sisim aɖabaƒoƒo 15 va ɖo 20, eye nàtsɔ aƒeme vinegar (acetic acid si woɖe ɖe tsia me) alo tsi si me tsi mele o si gbɔdzɔ la asisi ɖe eŋu ne èklɔe nyuie ne si nutoa me aɖi ƒe ɖoɖowo kafu. Kɔkrit si ƒo tsi la nana lãmekawo ƒe nuwuƒewo tsia dzodzodzoe esi wòle ŋutigbalẽ ƒe gogloƒewo gblẽm, si wɔnɛ be atike siwo ƒe titrime blibo si le dzidzenu etɔ̃lia me la biãna vevesese aɖeke manɔmee le afɔkpodzi kple afɔkpodziwo dzi.

Nyametsotsoti: kɔkrit pɔmpi, pɔmpi ƒe yaƒoƒo, kple mixer drum ƒe vovototodedeameme kpata¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Kɔkrit Pɔmpi, Pɔmpi, alo Drum si Wotsaka Kpata"] --> Incident{"Kɔkrit-dɔwɔnu ka ƒomevie dzɔ kpata?"}
    Incident -->|"End-Hose Whip alo Nyaƒoɖeamenu Kadodo Blowout Ŋusẽkpɔɖeamedzi"| Whip["1. Zi E-Stop le didiƒe kple megbe pɔmpi 2 va ɖo 3 ƒoƒo be ʋu nado fli ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu; 2. Na amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii ƒe ta kple kɔ nali ke le slab/deck dzi; xe mɔ na gege tso formwork ƒe nugbɔ; 3. Kpɔ ʋu si dona vevie dzi eye nàlé ŋku ɖe tension pneumothorax alo rebar implement ŋu hã; 4. Ƒo ka na 911 / 112 / 999 hena nuveviwɔame ƒe ʋuɖoɖo kple crane kusi ɖeɖe ne ele kɔkɔƒe"]
    Incident -->|"Dɔwɔla Si Wolé Ðe Mixer Drum alo Concrete Hopper Auger Me"| Drum["1. Zi E-Stop dzi eye nàtsi diesel lɔri ƒe mɔ̃ enumake; 2. Tsɔ atiwo ƒo ɖe kpẽ ƒe go te ale be kɔnkrit kpekpe si mele titina o mate ŋu aƒo kpẽa o; 3. Ƒo ka na 911 / 112 / 999 na Confined Space & Heavy Extrication Team; 4. Na ya nado kpẽ me eye nàtsɔ tourniquet aɖu ʋu si dona le eme dzi ne àte ŋu aɖoe"]
    Incident -->|"Kɔkrit Boom Kadodo Le Dziƒo Elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃ si ƒe Elektrikŋusẽ Gã"| PowerLine["1. Da rababa nuwuwu-hose enumake; kɔnkrit sɔti xɔdzo kplɔa elektrikŋusẽ; 2. Na dɔwɔlawo katã nadidi tso pɔmpi lɔri, ʋuƒo siwo wotsɔna tsia tsia dzi, kple hose gbɔ meta 10 (afɔ 35) ya teti; 3. Dɔwɔla si le agbatsɔʋu me nɔa ʋua me negbe ɖe agbatsɔʋua le dzo dam (emegbe ti kpo afɔwo ɖekae eye nàti kpo/aʋuʋu); 4. Ƒo ka na utility kple 911 / 112 / 999 be woaɖe ŋusẽ ɖa le kaƒoƒoa ŋu hafi ate ɖe amesiwo ŋu afɔku le ŋu"]
    Incident -->|"Caustic Concrete Eye Splash alo Wet Boot Ŋutilã ƒe Dzobibi (pH 13) ."| Burn["1. Ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu: De tsii ɖaa kple tsi dzadzɛ/dzetsi hena miniti 20 va ɖo 30+; 2. Afɔkpa/ŋutilã ƒe dzobibi: Ðe afɔkpawo kple sox/pantalon siwo wotsɔ siminti ƒo tsii la ɖa enumake; 3. Klɔ ŋutigbalẽa kple tsi si le sisim aɖabaƒoƒo 15 va ɖo 20; mègatutu ʋuʋudedi siwo womeɖa o; 4. Ʋuɖoɖo yi Dɔwɔƒe si Kpɔa Nudzɔdzɔ Kpatawo Gbɔ alo Dzobibi Dɔwɔƒe hena ŋkudɔ/dzobibi ƒe beléle"]

Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya si ku ɖe kɔnkrit pɔmpi hose ƒoƒo kple mɔxexe ƒe pɔmpiwo ƒe wowó ŋu¶

Nusita ya si xaxa trɔa kɔkrit pɔmpi wòzua tu¶

Hadrolik-piston kɔnkrit pɔmpi wɔa dɔ to kɔnkrit xɔdzo hehe tso hopper si xɔa nu si le ʋuʋum me yi ɖe nu ƒe tsilindo eve siwo trɔna me eye wòtutunɛ yia gakpo si ƒe didime dzi ɖe kpɔtɔ ƒe pɔmpi si me wotsɔa nu yinae me (zi geɖe la, eƒe didime nye milimeta 125 / sentimeta 5). Zi alesi kɔkrit sesẽ si me tsi mele o yɔ pɔmpia ƒe didime katã 100 le alafa me ko la, kɔnkrit la dona le rababa ƒe nuwuƒe ƒe hose la me bɔbɔe le duƒuƒu si dzi wokpɔna si nye meta 1 va ɖo 2 le sɛkɛnd ɖeka me (afɔ 3 va ɖo 6 le sɛkɛnd ɖeka me).

Sisi ma si nɔa anyi madzudzɔmadzudzɔe la trɔna zua bɔmb le ɣeyiɣi si me ya si woate ŋu aƒo ge ɖe pɔmpia me le kɔnkrit la xa:

1. Alesi ya kotokuwo gena ɖe kɔnkrit ka me:
2. Pɔmpia ƒe gɔmedzedze kple eƒe gɔmedzedze: Hafi kɔkrit kubik mita gbãtɔ nayɔ boom ƒe pɔmpiwo me la, ya lita alafa geɖe nɔa boom ƒe akpawo me. Esi wole kɔkrit ƒom ɖe boom la ƒe "A-frame" hinge si le etame dzi la, kɔnkrit kpekpe ate ŋu aɖiɖi ɖe boom ƒe pɔmpi si le ɖiɖim la dzi kabakaba wu alesi wodoe, si alé ya kotoku gã aɖe ɖe megbe nɛ.
3. Hopper cavitation (nana hopper la naɖiɖi): Ne agbatsɔʋu si wotsaka xoxo la doa blewu akpa eye kɔnkrit ƒe kɔkɔme si le pɔmpia ƒe hopper si xɔa nu me ɖiɖi va anyi ɖe S-valve (kpe ƒe ʋuƒo) alo nusiwo wotsɔ wɔa tsilindo ƒe ʋuƒoawo tame la, pistonawo noa ya aɖe ɖe tsilindoa me le kɔnkrit slugs dome.
4. Agakpewo ƒe ʋuʋu kple vovototodedeameme ƒe mɔxexe ("Packing off"): Ne kɔnkrit tsakatsaka si wometsɔ dzidzeme nyuie o, aggregate ƒuƒu si wometsaka o ƒe ƒuƒoƒo, alo kɔkrit si woɖo ɖi wɔ plug si le abe wedge ene le pɔmpi dzi ɖeɖe kpɔtɔ, abɔta, alo kadodo ƒe ƒunukpeƒe la, kɔnkrit si le plug la megbe la dzudzɔa ʋuʋu esime hadrolik pɔmpia le eƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu dzim ɖe edzi le eɖokui si va ɖoa eƒe ɖoɖo si sɔ gbɔ wu (85 va ɖo 200 bar / 1,200 va ɖo 2,900 psi).
5. Boyle ƒe Se kple ya si wu gbeɖiɖi ƒe kekeɖenudɔwɔwɔ le nuwuwu-hose:
6. Ne ya kotoku si ƒe lolome nye lita 50 xaxa ɖe pɔmpia me le mɔxenu aɖe megbe alo le kɔkrit ƒe ʋuƒo kpekpe eve dome, eye pɔmpia te ya kotoku ma ɖe 85 bar (1,230 psi) la, ya kotokua dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna va ɖoa lita 0.6, si dzraa ŋusẽ gã si ate ŋu anɔ abe gakpo si woxatsa ene ɖo.
7. Ne ya si xe mɔ nɛ la gbã zi ɖeka, alo ne ya si woƒo ɖe enu ƒe kuɖɔa ɖo rababa ƒe tsinyegoe ƒe nuwuwu si le ʋuʋu ɖi afisi yame ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu nye bar 1 ko le la, ya kotokua kekena zi gbɔ zi zi gbɔ zi 85 le sɛkɛnd si mede 0.05 o me.
8. Edoa kɔkrit kple kpe kilogram 50 va ɖo 100 susɔea doa goe le nugbɔa me abe weintsetse ƒe tu ene le meta 50 kple edzivɔ le sɛkɛnd ɖeka me (110 mph), evɔ alesi wòwɔa dɔe la nana rababa ƒe nuwuwu-hose kpekpe si didi milimeta 125 (inch 5) la ƒoa ƒoƒo le gotagome sesẽ siwo ƒe didime nye dzidzenu 360 me kple newton akpe geɖe ƒe axadzinɔnɔmeŋusẽ.

Dɔwɔwɔ ƒe se siwo le dedie be woatsɔ axe mɔ ɖe hose whip Nuveviwɔame nu (ACPA & ASME B30.27)¶

Ele be kɔkrit pɔmpi dɔwɔla, hose-man, kple kɔkrit dɔwɔla ɖesiaɖe nawɔ ɖe dedienɔnɔ ŋuti se atɔ̃ siwo ŋu womate ŋu awɔ ɖoɖo ɖo o siwo Amerika Kɔkrit Pɔmpi Habɔbɔ (ACPA), OSHA 29 CFR 1926.702, kple ASME B30.27 ɖo dzi:

• Se 1: Na dɔwɔlawo katã naganɔ nuwuƒe-hose ƒe afɔku ƒe teƒea le gɔmedzedzea me eye nàgadze egɔme ake. Ne èle tsi sisi gɔme dzem, gbugbɔ dze egɔme le esi nèɖe mɔxenu aɖe ɖa vɔ megbe, alo ne wose ya le ʋuʋum/le ʋuʋum le ka la me la, womeɖe mɔ na dɔwɔla aɖeke be wòalé rababa ƒe nuwuwu hose la o. Ele be amesiame natsi tre ɖe gota le didime si sɔ kple goma ƒe nuwuwu-hose ƒe didime bliboa ya teti (meta 4 va ɖo 5 ya teti / afɔ 12 va ɖo 16). Ne ya kɔ keŋkeŋ eye kɔkrit si le sisim madzudzɔmadzudzɔe, si le gbadzaa vɔ ko hafi hose-dɔwɔla la ate ŋu age ɖe eme afia mɔ hose la.
• Se 2: Kpɔ nuwuwu-hose dedienɔnɔ ƒe ka (whip-check) kple ɖeka-nuwuwu ƒe ɖoɖo. Ele be woatsɔ gakpo si woɖo ɖi dedienɔnɔ ƒe ka alo kɔsɔkɔsɔ (whip-check) abla rabat nuwuwu-hose si wotsɔ ƒo ɖe boom ƒe nugbɔ (whip-check)** si wotsɔ tɔdzisasrã to boom coupling si le etame la dzi ale be ne clamp la gbã alo ƒu kplakplakpla tso hose ƒe kɔla la, la,... Hose si me kilogram 80 (pound 175) yɔ la mate ŋu adze dɔwɔla siwo le ete dzi o. Ele be Ga ƒe kadodo aɖeke matsɔ ablae nanɔ tsi si dona le eme ƒe nuwuwu-hose si le xɔxlɔ̃m la ƒe gɔme.
• Se 3: Mègaƒo rababa ƒe nuwuƒe-hose la, abɔbɔe, alo aƒoe gbeɖe o. Mègadze agbagba gbeɖe be yeatɔ te kɔnkrit ƒe sisi ne èle ʋuʋum le gli ƒe nɔnɔmewo dome to rababa ƒe nuwuƒe-hose la babla alo eƒoƒo ɖe edzi me o; kinking léa ya si woƒo ɖe mɔ̃ me eye wòwɔa kpe ƒe nutrenu enumake si ƒoa hose la doa goe le wò asiwo me ne woɖe asi le eŋu. Mègalé nuwuƒe ƒe hose la ɖe asi kpla asi kɔ na wò akɔta alo nàtsɔe abla ɖe wò afɔwo dome gbeɖe o.
• Se 4: Trɔ pɔmpia ("suck back") hafi nàʋu pɔmpi ƒe ʋuƒo ɖesiaɖe. Ne kɔkrit ka aɖe do la, ele be pɔmpidɔwɔla nadzudzɔ pɔmpia yi ŋgɔ enumake eye wòatrɔ pɔmpia ɖe REVERSE me hena ʋuʋu blibo 2 va ɖo 3 ya teti vaseɖe esime hadrolik ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenudzidzenu la naɖiɖi va ɖo zero. Ele be dɔwɔla siwo le gakpoa dim to gakpoa ƒe pɔmpia ƒoƒo me kple akplɔ (siwo le to ɖom gbeɖiɖi si me kɔ o tsɔ wu asigɛ si me do le) nado mo ƒe akpoxɔnuwo eye woatsi tre ɖe axadzi ne wole snap clamp la ƒom, elabena ya si susɔ si xaxa la ate ŋu aƒu gbe ɖe caustic slurry dzi kokoko.
• Se 5: Zã tsi si ŋu nyaƒoɖeamenu le, MÈGAZE ya si woƒo ɖe eme GBEÐE o, nàtsɔ akɔ ka si xe la ŋu alo nàku bɔl si wotsɔ klɔa nu ŋu ɣesiaɣi si wòanya wɔ. Ne ètsɔ ya si ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu gã aɖe ƒo anyigba ƒe ka didi alo boom pɔmpi aɖe la, etrɔa rababa sponge bɔl kple kɔkrit ƒe ʋuƒoa wòzua tu si wua ame. Le OSHA 29 CFR 1926.702(b) kple HSE Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe Mɔfiame nu la, wode se ɖe ya si woƒo ɖe ya me ƒe yaƒoƒo nu vevie negbe ɖe tsi ƒe kɔklɔ mate ŋu adzɔ ŋutɔŋutɔ o, wobla ya-gege ɖe ta kple tsi si dona le eme ƒe kusi (bɔlléla) si ŋu woɖo kpee nyuie ɖe gakpo ƒe pɔmpi sesẽa ƒe nuwuwu, woɖea rababa ƒe nuwuƒe ƒe hosewo katã ɖa gbã, eye woɖea dɔwɔla ɖesiaɖe ɖa le afisi woɖea tsi le.

Dzadzraɖo-tsaka kɔnkrit tsakatsaka kpẽ kple pɔmpi hopper lockout xɔname¶

Nusitae gege ɖe kɔnkrit tsakatsaka ƒe kpẽ me be woagbã kɔnkrit sesẽ la wua ame alea gbegbe ɖo¶

Le kwasiɖa geɖe ƒe kɔkrit si wotsaka xoxo hehe me la, kɔnkrit susɔea sesẽna le spiral mixing fins ("T-blades") siwo le transit mixer truck ƒe gakpo si le tsatsam la me, si wɔnɛ be eƒe ŋutete dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna eye wòtsɔa kpẽa ƒua gbe le dadasɔ me. Ɣeaɖewoɣi la, ele be dɔwɔlawo nato kpẽ ƒe ʋuƒo gbadza si didi sentimeta 45 va ɖo 55 (inch 18 va ɖo 22)** alo megbe charge cone si me ya si wotsɔa ya ƒoa nui (jackhammer) le me be woatsɔ atso kɔkrit si sesẽ si ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 500 va ɖo 2,000 (pound 1,100 va ɖo 4,400).

Ne ège ɖe kɔnkrit tsakatsaka ƒe kpẽ me la, eƒoa Afɔku siwo le Teƒe si Woxe nu ƒu kple mɔ̃ eve siwo wotsɔ gbãa nu siwo gbɔ eme (OSHA 29 CFR 1910.146 kple OSHA Mɔfiame CPL 02-00-100):

1. Mɔ̃a ƒe gɔmedzedze le vo me alo hydraulic drum lever actuation: Ne wogblẽ agbatsɔʋua ƒe mɔ̃a ɖi wònɔ du dzi be wòana ŋusẽ ya ƒe ɖoɖowo alo ne ʋukula aɖe lia ʋua me eye wòdze agbatsɔʋua gɔme be yeaɖee ado goe le tsileleƒea evɔ menya be chipper aɖe le drum la me o la, spiral blades siwo le tsatsam la gena eye wolãa dɔwɔla la ɖe gakpoa ŋu le sɛkɛnd ʋɛ aɖewo ko me.
2. Gravity-induced "drum rollback" with the engine completely OFF: Ne wotu diesel mɔ̃a eye wotu dzodoƒe ƒe safui gɔ̃ hã la, mixer drum si me kɔkrit sesẽ si ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 1,000 (pound 2,200) lé ɖe ememe ʋuƒoa ƒe akpa ɖeka la kpekpe ŋutɔ le etame. Ne dɔwɔla la le kɔkrit ƒom le ete alo le dzi yim le ememe asikeawo ƒe akpa ɖeka, alo ne tsi ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si le hydrostatic drum-drive motor la me le ʋu ƒom vivivi to ememe nutrenuwo ŋu la, kpekpeme si mele titina o la nana kpẽ si ƒe kpekpeme nye tɔn geɖe la ʋuʋuna dzidzenu 90 va ɖo 180 to nuheŋusẽ dzadzɛ me, si gbãa dɔwɔla la ɖe kɔnkrit ƒe kpe gbadzɛ siwo le gegem la te alo tsɔa wo ƒoa woe le ʋɔtrua ƒe ʋuƒo kple xɔa ƒe afɔti dome.

Mandatory Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) kple ŋutilã me mɔxexe hafi kpẽa nage ɖe eme¶

Hafi dɔwɔla aɖe natsɔ woƒe ta alo ŋutilã ade kɔnkrit tsakatsaka ƒe kpẽ me alo naɖe afɔ ɖe kɔnkrit pɔmpi si xɔa hopper grate dzi la:

• Na Kɔnkrit Mixer Drums:
• Tsi agbatsɔʋua ƒe mɔ̃, ɖe dzodoƒe ƒe safui ɖa, eye nàda ame ŋutɔ ƒe Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) ƒe gaƒoɖokui ɖe batri ƒe master disconnect switch kple steering wheel/cab ʋɔtrua dzi.
• Ðe nyaƒoɖeamenu dzi kpɔtɔ eye nàɖe kadodoa ɖa alo nàtu hydrostatic hydraulic drum-drive pump control linkage la ɖa.
• Xɔ kpẽa ƒe go le ŋutilã me be wòagatrɔ ɖe nuheŋusẽ ƒe tɔtrɔ ŋu le mɔ EVIEWO nu: De ati sesẽ kpekpewo ƒe ʋuƒo (chocks) sesĩe le gota gakpo ƒe kpẽ ƒe go/roller ƒe asigɛ kple agbatsɔʋua ƒe chassis ƒe afɔti dome le axa eveawo, EYE nàxatsa kɔsɔkɔsɔ si woɖo ɖi si wotsɔ akɔbli wɔe alo nàde mɔ̃ si wotsɔ xea kpẽa nu ale be kpẽa mate ŋu atrɔ ne hadrolik ka le eme gɔ̃ hã wotsoe.
• Na ya si wozi ɖe ame dzi nayi edzi, silica-ke ƒe gbɔgbɔtsixetsixe takpɔnu, kple teƒe si woxe dɔwɔla si wona hehee si anɔ ʋɔtrua godo.
• Na Kɔnkrit Pɔmpi Xɔxɔ Hoppers (S-Tube kple Remixer Auger):
• Mègaɖe afɔ ɖe ga dedienɔnɔ ƒe ʋuƒoa dzi gbeɖe le kɔkrit pɔmpi ƒe ʋuƒo dzi esime mɔ̃a le dɔ wɔm o, eye mègatsɔ asi to ʋuƒoa ƒe ʋuƒoa me alo kɔe ɖe dzi gbeɖe be nàtsɔ wò asiwo alo aŋetu akɔ kpe si xaxa la ɖa esime tsiŋusẽ le dɔ wɔm o.
• S-valve (kpe ƒe ʋuƒo) si le hopper la me trɔna yia ŋgɔ kple megbe kple hadrolik lãɖeɖe ƒe ŋusẽ tɔn geɖe si nitrogen-charged hydraulic accumulator si wɔa dɔ le 140 va ɖo 200 bar (2,000 va ɖo 2,900 psi) wɔ.
• Accumulator ƒe nuxlɔ̃ame vevi: E-Stop ƒoƒo alo pɔmpi lɔri ƒe diesel mɔ̃a tutu ko MENA hopper la nanɔ dedie negbe ɖe woʋu nitrogen hydraulic accumulator bleed-down valve eye pressure gauge xlẽ be 0 bar (0 psi); nitrogen ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si wodzra ɖo ɖe accumulator la me ate ŋu ada tu S-valve la ɖe axadzi zi mamlɛtɔ kple ŋusẽ si sɔ be wòatso afɔ alo alɔnu enumake; kpɔ ɖa hydraulic hose pinhole gbagbã, tsi dzodzoe si wotsɔna ƒua gbe ƒe dzobibi, kple accumulator ƒe ʋu si dona.

Dɔwɔla aɖe si xaxa ɖe mixer drum alo pump hopper me ɖeɖe afɔɖeɖe ɖesiaɖe¶

1. Tsi elektrikŋusẽ eye nàɖe ʋu le hydraulic accumulator (le pɔmpi hoppers dzi):
2. Le kɔnkrit pɔmpi ƒe hopper ƒe mɔ̃ dzi la, tsi diesel mɔ̃a EYE nàtrɔ asi le accumulator dump/bleed valve ŋu enumake wòaɖo zero hafi nàde hydraulic rescue spreaders eme, alo S-tube la ate ŋu agbugbɔ aƒo ɖe amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii la ƒe abɔ kple afɔ ne woɖe asi le eŋu.
3. Le kɔnkrit tsakatsaka ƒe kpẽ ƒe mɔ̃ dzi la, tsi agbatsɔʋua ƒe mɔ̃ eye tsɔ ati ƒe ʋuƒo siwo le gota gakpo ƒe gotagome ƒe akpa eveawo te enumake ale be kpẽa mate ŋu aʋuʋu ɖe megbe ne woɖe asi le amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii ƒe abɔ kple afɔ ŋu o.
4. Mègatrɔ mixer drum gbeɖe le ŋusẽ te be nàɖe asi le dɔwɔla si xaxa ŋu o: Agbagbadzedze be "woaƒu du" le hydraulic drum lever la me le megbe la xɔa megbedede le mɔ si womate ŋu agblɔ ɖi o nu eye enuenu la, ehea amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii la yia gogloƒe ɖe spiral T-blades la me. Ke boŋ dzotsilawo azã oxy-acetylene / plasma torches, exothermic cutting rods, alo heavy hydraulic cutters atsɔ atso fesre si dzi woato ato gakpo ƒe ʋuƒo si ƒe didime nye milimeta 5 (3/16-inch) me alo atso ememe tsakatsaka ƒe asike la ɖa le amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii ŋu esime wole gakpoa fafɛm kple tsi si wotsɔ ƒua gbe eye wotsɔ welding blankets le amesi gblẽ nu la ta.
5. De tourniquet hafi nàɖe asi le abɔ si wogbã alo esi wotso ŋu: Ne auger alo S-valve gbã alɔ alo afɔ ƒe akpa aɖe le kɔnkrit-hopper me la, tsɔ yaƒoƒo ƒe tourniquet sentimeta 5 va ɖo 7 (inch 2 va ɖo 3) si te ɖe afisi wogbãe ŋu hafi nàhe akplɔa ɖe megbe ale be ʋuka me ʋu gã aɖeke nagadzɔ o ɖe kɔkrit ƒe ʋeʋẽ si xɔ dzo la me; kpɔ ɖa ʋu si le dodom.

Alkaline concrete chemical bibi (pH 13) kple ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu¶

Nusitae kɔkrit si xɔ dzo hea dzobibi si me vevesese aɖeke mele o vɛ le dzidzenu etɔ̃lia nu ("Cement Poisoning") .¶

Calcium oxide (quicklime) le Portland siminti ƒuƒu me. Wotsakaa tsi si wodzrana enumake la kple siminti tsɔ wɔa kɔnkrit, aŋɔ, alo shotcrete si wotsaka xoxo, atike ƒe tsidede ƒe dɔwɔwɔ naa calcium hydroxide si me wode nuɖuɖui, sodium hydroxide, kple potassium hydroxide, si wɔnɛ be tsi ƒuƒu si wotsɔ ƒoa tsii ƒe alkalinity dzina ɖe edzi va ɖoa pH si me dzo le ŋutɔ si nye 12.5 va ɖo 13.5, si sɔ kple alkaline si sɔ kple tsi si le tsia me kloe dzadzɛnyenyedɔwɔla. Trace hexavalent chromium (Cr VI) si le siminti me hã hea ŋutigbalẽ ƒe dɔléle sesẽ vɛ.

To vovo na aɖi sesẽ siwo ƒoa ŋutigbalẽ me proteinwo nu ƒu wòzua ametakpɔnu ƒe lãkusi (eschar) si xea mɔ na woƒe gege ɖe lãme goglo wu eye wònana wosea veve sesĩe enumake la, alkali sesẽwo abe kɔkrit xɔdzo ene wɔa nusi to vovo kura:

1. Liquefaction necrosis and saponification: Calcium kple potassium hydroxide trɔa dzɔdzɔme ami siwo le amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutigbalẽ me wòzua adzalẽ (saponification), si naa lãmenugbagbeviwo ƒe lãkusiwo ʋuʋuna eye wòdoa do vivivi ɖe ami si le ŋutigbalẽ te, lãkusiwo, kple lãmeka me ɣeyiɣi didi si siminti si xɔ dzo la gakpɔtɔ le ŋutigbalẽa dzi.
2. Lãmetsiŋusẽ ƒe tsɔtsrɔ̃ si blea ame ("Afɔkpa fiã"): Ne kɔnkrit xɔdzo ƒo ɖe dɔwɔla ƒe rababa-fɔkpa tame alo ƒo tsi to dɔwɔfɔkpa siwo dze klo me la, alkali la gblẽa vevesesexɔla siwo le gota esime ke kple kpe gbadzɛ siwo le ʋuʋum la ƒoa gotagome lãkusia ɖa. Esi wònye be tsi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ naa kɔkrit la doa dzo vie ta la, dzoxɔxɔ alo ʋuʋudedi sue aɖe koe dɔwɔla la sena le eɖokui me eye wòyia edzi wɔa dɔ gaƒoƒo 2 va ɖo 6. Ne woɖe woƒe afɔkpawo kple soxwo mlɔeba le dɔa ƒe nuwuwu la, ŋutigbalẽ si le woƒe afɔkpodzi, afɔkpodzi, kple afɔwo dzi la le ɣie, le abe lãgbalẽ ene, alo le ʋuʋum le full-thickness third-degree chemical ulcers me si hiã be woawɔ dɔ na ŋutigbalẽ.

Kpekpeɖeŋu gbãtɔ na kɔkrit xɔdzo ƒe ŋutigbalẽ ƒe dzobibi kple ŋku ƒe ʋuʋu¶

1. Na Kɔkrit Tsi alo Grout le Ŋkuwo Me (Ŋkudɔ Kpata):
2. Dze ŋkua kɔklɔ gɔme le sɛkɛnd 10 me to ŋkuklɔƒe si sɔ ɖe ANSI nu, dze si me dɔlékui mele o, alo pɔmpi dzadzɛ ɖesiaɖe si le sisim alo tsi si le tsigoe me zazã me.
3. Lé ŋkumeʋuʋua ɖe asibidɛwo, ʋuʋu ŋkumeʋuʋua ɖe goawo katã me, eye nàtrɔ (trɔ) ŋkume ƒe akpa si le etame kple ete la blewuu be nàklɔ ke kple lime ƒe akpa siwo xaxa la ado goe le mɔdodo gogloawo me (fornices); siminti ƒe akpa siwo lé ɖe ŋkume ƒe akpa si le etame te la ayi edzi anɔ ŋkume ƒe ŋkumeʋuʋua ƒom gaƒoƒo geɖe.
4. Yi tsidede agble dzi madzudzɔmadzudzɔe hena aɖabaƒoƒo 20 va ɖo 30 ya teti vaseɖe kɔdzi; kpɔ ɖa ŋku ƒe abixɔxɔ kple siminti, kɔnkrit xɔdzo, alkali ƒe atikewo ƒe dzobibi, kple lime ŋkumeʋuʋu.
5. Na Kɔkrit Tsi le Ŋutilã alo Eme Afɔkpawo:
6. Ðe afɔkpawo, soxwo, asigɛwo, kple afɔkpa siwo wotsɔ siminti ƒo tsii la ɖa enumake.
7. Klɔ siminti ƒuƒu ɖesiaɖe ɖa gbã (ne ètsɔ tsi sue aɖe de siminti ƒuƒu me la, enaa exothermic alkali reaction la wɔa dɔ; zã tsi si le sisim si ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme sɔ gbɔ ɣesiaɣi).
8. Klɔ ŋutigbalẽa le tsi fafɛ si le sisim te hena aɖabaƒoƒo 15 va ɖo 20 to adzalẽ fafɛ si me pH mele o zazã me nàtsɔ aɖe siminti si léna ɖe nu ŋu ɖa evɔ màtutu lãkusi ƒuƒu o.
9. Vinegar si wotsɔ buffered klɔ ŋutigbalẽ si me gblẽ o alo si biã vie zazã: Esi wònye be calcium hydroxide blana ɖe ŋutigbalẽ me proteinwo ŋu dzimesesẽtɔe ne wotsɔ tsi dzro klɔe vɔ megbe ta la, dɔwɔƒe ƒe kɔkrit dedienɔnɔ ƒe mɔfiamegbalẽwo (siwo dome NIOSH, OSHA, kple ACPA hã le) de dzesii be ne wotsɔ aƒeme vinegar ɣi (5% acetic acid) klɔ ŋutigbalẽ si me siminti le wotsɔ tsi ƒoe) alo atike si wodzrana le asi me si xea mɔ na pH le tsiklɔ zi gbãtɔ megbe kpena ɖe ame ŋu be tsi si susɔ ɖe ŋutigbalẽ si me gblẽ o dzi la ɖa. Mègakɔ vinegar ɖe ŋkuwo me alo ɖe abi siwo le ʋuʋu ɖi goglo eye ʋu le dodom le wo ŋu la dzi MÈGAKƆ o.
10. Tsɔ gaze si me dɔlékui mele o si me tsi mele o tsyɔ teƒe ɖesiaɖe si ʋuʋudedi, ɣie, alo ƒuƒlu le eye nàdi atikewɔlawo ƒe dzobibi ƒe dodokpɔ enumake; kpɔ ɖa dzobibi.

Nutome ƒe xexlẽdzesi siwo ku ɖe nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo ŋu kple dɔwɔƒea ƒe ɖoɖowo¶

Ne èle yɔyɔm be woakpe ɖe ye ŋu kpata le kɔkrit kɔklɔƒe la, gblɔe kɔte nenye be nudzɔdzɔa ku ɖe hose ƒoƒo ƒe nuveviwɔame si me nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ le, dɔwɔla si xaxa ɖe mixer drum/hopper me, elektrikka si le yame ƒe kadodo, alo xɔ kɔkɔ aɖe ƒe xɔname si hiã tower crane man-basket ɖe eme. Kpɔ ɖa xexlẽdzesi siwo wozãna kpata.

Nya siwo wobiaa amewo enuenu¶

Nukatae kɔkrit pɔmpi ƒe rababa ƒe nuwuƒe hose ƒoa ʋua sesĩe zi ɖeka le ʋua ƒe akpa si woɖoe ɖo la dzi?¶

Kɔkrit pɔmpi ƒe nuwuwu-hose ƒoa ne kotoku aɖe si me ya si woate ŋu aƒo la tsi pɔmpi si me wotsɔa nu yinae me, zi geɖe le pɔmpia ƒe gɔmedzedze gbãtɔ me, le pɔmpi ƒe akpa aɖe tsɔtsɔ kpe ɖe eŋu alo eʋu vɔ megbe, ne hopper si xɔa ya la ƒu du yi anyi akpa eye wòmia ya yia tsilindoawo me, alo le kpe aɖe si xe mɔ na wo megbe. Esi wònye be haidrolik kɔnkrit pɔmpia wɔa dɔ le 70 va ɖo 200 bar (1,000 va ɖo 2,900 psi) me ta la, woƒoa ya kotoku ma si xaxa la nu ƒu wòdea yame ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu si ade zi gbɔ zi 80 le kɔkrit ƒe ʋuʋudedi kpekpe aɖe megbe. Zi alesi kɔkrit-ka la kɔ rababa-nuwuƒe-hose si le xɔxlɔ̃m ƒe nugbɔ ko la, ya si woƒo ɖe enu la kekena ɖe enu wòwóna le milisekɔndwo me, eye wòdaa aggregate do goe abe tu ene eye wòƒoa hose si ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 80 (pound 175) la le gotagome ŋutasẽnuwɔwɔwo me.

Nukatae wònye sedzidada eye wòwua ame be woatsɔ ga si wotsɔ blaa nu ɖe ​​boom ƒe nuwuƒe ƒe hose si le xɔxlɔ̃m ƒe nugbɔ si le ete?¶

Wotrɔ asi le rababa boom nuwuwu-hose (drop hose) si wozãna ɖaa ŋu be gakpo ƒe kadodo nanɔ eƒe tame nuwuwu ko afisi wòblana ɖe gakpo boom ƒe nugbɔ, si agblẽ ete ƒe tsi si dona le eme ƒe nuwuwu abe rababa falɛfalɛ si me ka o ("hose si ƒe nuwuwu ɖeka") ene. Ne dɔwɔla aɖe tsɔ hose si ƒe nugbɔ le eve bla alo gblẽ gakpo ƒe kaƒomɔ̃, nusi ɖea nu dzi kpɔtɔna, alo nusi wotsɔ blaa hose la ƒe nugbɔ si le ete si le xɔxlɔ̃m faa, eye ya kotoku aɖe na hose la ƒo la, gakpo kpekpe ma ʋuʋuna sesĩe wu meta 30 le sɛkɛnd ɖeka me (70 mph), eye wòwɔa dɔ abe bɔl si gbãna si gbãa kposɔ sesẽwo, taɖuwo, kple akɔta ne woƒoe ene.

Nukatae mele be nàzã ya si woƒo gbeɖe atsɔ akɔ kɔkrit pɔmpi ƒe ka si wotu la me ne tsi si wotsɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu le li o?¶

Ne kɔkrit-pɔmpi aɖe do eye dɔwɔlawo do ka kple yaƒoƒomɔ̃ si ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ be woatsɔ atutu sponge-bɔl ɖe mɔxenua ŋu la, ya si woƒo ƒu abe yaƒoƒo ƒe tsidzɔƒe gã aɖe ene la yɔa pɔmpi si le mɔxenua megbe ƒe didime bliboa me fũ. Zi alesi kɔkrit ƒe xexea gbã eye wòdze ʋuʋu gɔme ko la, ʋuʋudedi dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna zi ɖeka eye ya si woƒo ɖe enu si le kekem ɖe enu la naa kɔnkrit ƒe ʋuʋudedi kple ƒumebɔbɔ kpekpea ɖiɖina kabakaba le pɔmpia me le sesẽme si gbɔ gbeɖiɖi ŋu. Negbe ɖe woɖe rababa ƒe nuwuƒe ƒe hose la ɖa eye wotsɔ gakpo si ŋu woɖo kpee be woatsɔ alé bɔl ɖe pɔmpia ƒe nuwuƒe si wotsɔ seke ɖo la ŋu ko hafi la, tsi si dona le pɔmpia ƒe nuwuƒe kple ƒoƒo ƒe pɔmpia awu amesiame si le eŋgɔ. Tsi si wotsɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu ƒoe la mate ŋu aƒoe o, eyata ne elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃a nya ʋuʋu ko la, nyaƒoɖeamenu dzi ɖena kpɔtɔna dedie evɔ mekekena ɖe enu wòwó o.

Aleke kɔnkrit tsakatsaka ƒe kpẽ ate ŋu agbã dɔwɔla si le eme ne wotu agbatsɔʋua ƒe diesel mɔ̃ gɔ̃ hã?¶

Dɔwɔla siwo tsɔa jackhammer lia kɔkrit-kplu si wotsaka xoxo me be yewoaɖe kɔkrit si sesẽ la ɖa la dzea ŋgɔ nuheŋusẽ ƒe afɔku si wua ame si woyɔna be kpẽ ƒe rollback. Ne kɔkrit sesẽ si ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 500 va ɖo 1,500 (pound 1,100 va ɖo 3,300) tsi kpẽa ƒe akpa ɖeka masɔmasɔ la, ke kpẽa megada sɔ kura o. Ne diesel-mɔ̃a tsi eye woɖe dzodoƒe ƒe safuia ɖa gɔ̃ hã, ne dɔwɔla la le kɔkrit la ƒom ɖa alo ne tsi si me tsi le ʋu blewuu to hydrostatic drive motor ƒe nutrenuwo ŋu la, nuheŋusẽ nana gakpo si ƒe ʋuƒo si ƒe kpekpeme nye tɔn geɖe ƒe akpa si kpekpe la ʋuʋuna yia anyime dzidzenu 90 va ɖo 180, si gbãa dɔwɔla la le eme alo lãa wo le ʋuƒoa ƒe ʋuƒoa gbɔ. Tsɔ ati sesẽwo ƒo kpẽa ƒe akpa eveawo te ɣesiaɣi eye nàde kɔsɔkɔsɔ na kpẽa hafi nàge ɖe eme.

Nukatae zi geɖe la, womedea dzesi kɔkrit xɔdzo siwo le dɔwɔfɔkpawo me o vaseɖe esime wozu amekoko ƒe nɔnɔme kpata siwo le dzidzenu etɔ̃lia me?¶

Portland siminti si wotsɔ ƒo tsii ƒe pH si xɔa dzo la nye 12.5 va ɖo 13.5 le calcium, sodium, kple potassium hydroxides siwo dona ne siminti wɔ nu kple tsi ta. Ne kɔkrit xɔdzo ƒo ɖe dɔwɔla ƒe afɔkpa me alo ƒo tsi to pantalon si dze klo me la, alkali sesẽa tsɔa ŋutigbalẽ me amiwo ƒua gbe (saponification) eye wògblẽa vevesese ƒe lãmeka siwo le gotagome ƒe nuwuwu esime ke si le ʋuʋum la ƒoa ŋutigbalẽa ƒe akpa si le egodo la ɖa. Esi wònye be atikeawo ƒe dɔwɔwɔ nana wòxɔa dzo vie ko eye wònaa ŋutigbalẽa tsia dzodzodzoe ta la, zi geɖe la, dɔwɔlawo gblẽa kɔkrit xɔdzo ɖe woƒe afɔkpawo me gaƒoƒo geɖe, eye wokpɔnɛ le ŋkekea ƒe nuwuwu be woƒe afɔkpodzi kple afɔkpodziwo xɔ dzo goglo, si ƒe titrime blibo le dzidzenu etɔ̃lia me, si na wòhiã be woado ŋutigbalẽa.

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Mɔfiame sia naa xɔtudɔwɔnuwo ƒe dedienɔnɔ, lockout/tagout, kple nudzɔdzɔ kpata ƒe nuveviwɔame kple dzobibi ƒe ɖoɖowo eye mexɔ ɖe hehenana si ŋu woɖo kpee na kɔnkrit pɔmpi dɔwɔla alo dɔnyala bibiwo ƒe atikewɔwɔ teƒe o. Bu kpekpeɖeŋunana gbãtɔ kple CPR ƒe hehexɔxɔ le dɔwɔƒe to Atitsoga Dzĩ Habɔbɔ, St John Ambulance, alo miaƒe dukɔa ƒe xɔtuɖaŋudɔwɔƒe si kpɔa xɔtuɖaŋu dzi.

Mɔfiame siwo do ƒome kplii¶

• Ya si woƒo ƒu ƒe abixɔxɔ kple ya ƒe ʋuka me ʋu ƒe sisi
• Yame ƒe gbɔgbɔtsixe tsia ame ƒo: do siwo me amewo tona, silo, kple tsidzɔƒe
• Hydraulic hose pinhole gbagbã, tsi dzodzoe si wotsɔna ƒua gbe ƒe dzo, kple accumulator ƒe ʋu si dona
• Siminti, kɔnkrit xɔdzo, alkali ƒe atike siwo wotɔ dzoe, kple lime ƒe ŋkumekpɔkpɔ
• Ŋku ƒe abixɔxɔ

Dzɔtsoƒewo kple dziɖuɖumegãwo ƒe mɔfiame¶

• Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe Dedienɔnɔ Kple Lãmesẽnyawo Gbɔkpɔha (OSHA, United States): 29 CFR 1926.701 & 1926.702 Nudidiwo na Dɔwɔnuwo kple Dɔwɔnuwo le Kɔkrit kple Kpemenuwo Xɔtutu me kple OSHA Kɔkritwɔwɔ ƒe Teƒe Siwo Woxe Mɔ Na ƒe Mɔfiame
• Amerika Kɔkrit Pɔmpi Habɔbɔ (ACPA) & ASME: ASME B30.27 Nu Ðoɖowo Dedienɔnɔ Dzidzenu kple Hose-Amegbetɔ Dedienɔnɔ Mɔfiamegbalẽ
• Dɔwɔwɔ Dedie Australia: Mɔfiame si ku ɖe Afɔkuwo Dzi Kpɔkpɔ le Xɔtudɔwo Me Ŋu: Kɔkrit Pɔmpi
• Lãmesẽ kple Dedienɔnɔ Dɔwɔƒe (HSE, United Kingdom) & Xɔtudɔwɔƒe-haya Habɔbɔ (CPA): Nuwɔna Nyuiwo ƒe Mɔfiame: Kɔkrit Pɔmpiwo Zazã Dedie
• Dukɔa ƒe Dɔwɔƒe si Kpɔa Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe Dedienɔnɔ Kple Lãmesẽnyawo Gbɔ (NIOSH, United States): Mɔxexe Ðe Ŋutilã ƒe Kuxiwo Nu be Womagawɔ Dɔ Kple Portland Simenti o