BIOS alo UEFI Firmware Update kple Motherboard Flashback Gbugbɔgaxɔ si wotɔ te¶

Elektrikŋusẽ ƒe nutsotso, gbugbɔgadzedze le vo me, alo Windows Update ƒe firmware push si tsoa 47% le motherboard BIOS alo UEFI update me nye hardware ƒe kpododonu siwo wovɔ̃na na wu le kɔmpiuta zazã me la dometɔ ɖeka. Esi wònye be Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) si wodzra ɖo ɖe motherboard la ƒe Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) NOR flash chip me lae nye mɔfiame gbãtɔ ŋutɔ si processor la wɔna ne èzi power button dzi, si dzea CPU microcode, voltage regulators, kple DDR4/DDR5 memory training gɔme hafi graphics card alo SSD gɔ̃ hã nyɔ ta la, BIOS ƒe nɔnɔmetata si gblẽ la dzona kɔmpiutaa ƒe ahɔhɔ̃ ku keŋkeŋ. Ne èzi ŋusẽ ƒe dzesi dzi le "bricked" motherboard dzi la, fesreawo ƒoa xlãe, RGB-kaɖiawo le keklẽm, debug LED la tsia CPU alo DRAM, eye ŋkuléleɖenuŋumɔ̃a gakpɔtɔ nyea yibɔ keŋkeŋ (No Signal).

Togbɔ be BIOS-brick si ƒe ŋkume le yibɔ dzena afɔkutɔe hã la, wò hard drive, SSD, file, CPU, RAM, kple graphics card megblẽa nu le ŋuwò o 100 le alafa me, eye mehiã be nàtsɔ motherboard la aƒu gbe gbeɖe o kloe. Egbegbe kplɔ̃dzi motherboard kple asitsa/fefe ƒe kɔmpiuta ɖesiaɖe kloe ƒe mɔ̃ ɖeka ya teti le hardware-level firmware gbugbɔgaxɔ me, tso USB BIOS Flashback (si ate ŋu agbugbɔ motherboard si me CPU alo RAM ƒe ŋuɖoɖo zero le to microcontroller tɔxɛ aɖe zazã me le megbe I/O panel dzi), va ɖo Dual-BIOS backup ROM switches, OEM Boot-Block Crisis Recovery hotkeys (Ctrl+Esc le Dell dzi, . Win+B le HP dzi), alo $12 External SPI Flash Programmer (CH341A / Raspberry Pi si woyɔna be Raspberry Pi flashrom) si gbugbɔa 8-pin BIOS chip la ƒua gbe tẽ.

--- .

Wɔ esia fifia¶

1. Lala miniti 15 blibo ya teti hafi nàtsɔe be BIOS ƒe yeye aɖe tsikpe alo atsi elektrikŋusẽa. Le egbegbe AMD AM5 / AM4 (AGESA), Intel LGA1700 / LGA1851 (Management Engine / ME), kple laptop EC (Embedded Controller) ƒe firmware yeyewo, screen la ɖoe koŋ yia yibɔ keŋkeŋ eye ɖoɖoa gbugbɔ dzea dɔ zi 2 va ɖo 4 esime wòle sub-chip vovovowo klẽm eye wòle DDR5 ƒe ŋkuɖodzinu gbugbɔ hem. Elektrikŋusẽ ƒe ʋuƒoa tsitsi le aɖabaƒoƒo 3 ƒe ɖiɖiɖeme ma si le black-screen me ye nye #1 si gbɔ BIOS bricks siwo ame ŋutɔ tsɔna vɛ.
2. Se egɔme be wò faɛlwo kple Windows/Linux ɖoɖo ɖe wò SSD alo hard drive dzi le dedie 100%. BIOS ƒe yeyewɔwɔ ŋlɔa nu ɖe sue aɖe ko 16 MB be 64 MB SPI NOR flash chip si wotsɔ ga ƒo ɖe motherboard la dzi. Meka asi wò NVMe SSD alo SATA hard drivewo ŋu gbeɖe o. (Gake ne èzã Windows BitLocker alo Linux LUKS kple TPM 2.0 auto-unlock la, BIOS la gbugbɔgaʋu agbugbɔ CPU ƒe Firmware TPM aɖo fTPM / . PTT Platform Configuration Registers, si fia be Windows abia tso asiwò be nàŋlɔ wò 48-digit BitLocker Recovery Key le gɔmedzedze gbãtɔ ŋutɔ me ne èɖɔ BIOS la ɖo vɔ).
3. Wɔ Full Capacitive Power Drain kple CMOS NVRAM Reset gbã. "bricked" motherboards katã ƒe afã le BIOS ƒe yeyewɔwɔ vɔ megbe megblẽ ŋutɔŋutɔ o, woƒe CMOS NVRAM ƒe ɖoɖo xoxowo (abe XMP/EXPO RAM overclock profile xoxo alo voltage offset ene) mewɔ ɖeka kple BIOS ƒe tɔtrɔ yeye si wofli la o, si wɔnɛ be ŋkuɖodzinu ƒe hehexɔxɔ be hang on a ameyibɔ ƒe screen. Ðe AC elektrikka la ɖa, ɖe klosalo CR2032 coin-cell battery ɖa le motherboard la me, tsɔ bridge na 2-pin la CLR_CMOS / . JBAT1 jumper kple ga screwdriver ƒe nugbɔ hena sɛkɛnd 30, gbugbɔ batri la de eme, eye nàdo ŋusẽe kple RAM ƒe ati 1 ko si woda ɖe Slot A2 me.
4. Kpɔ wò kplɔ̃dzi motherboard ƒe megbe I/O panel hena "BIOS Flashback" ƒe dzesi tɔxɛ aɖe (Flash BIOS / . Q-Flash Plus). Ne wò ASUS, MSI, Gigabyte, alo ASRock motherboard la ƒe physical push-button sue aɖe le megbekpa dzi (alo PCB ƒe anyime nugbɔ) le USB 2.0 ʋɔtru si woɖo koŋ xa la, àte ŋu agbugbɔ BIOS kuku 100% axɔ le miniti 6 me màzã naneke o negbe FAT32 USB thumb drive ko, ne CPU la mate ŋu adze dɔ kura o gɔ̃ hã.
5. Ne èle Dell, HP, Lenovo, alo ASUS kɔmpiuta si va yibɔ le Windows Update BIOS ƒe tutu vɔ megbe dzi la, tsɔ AC charger la de eme eye nàte OEM Boot-Block Crisis Hotkey la kpɔ. Kɔmpiuta akpa gãtɔ kpɔa BIOS chip ƒe akpa sue aɖe si woate ŋu axlẽ ko "Boot Block" si nyɔna ne èlé safui ƒe ƒuƒoƒo tɔxɛ aɖe ɖe asi (Ctrl + Esc le Dell dzi, . Windows + B le HP) dzi esime nèle elektrikŋusẽ ƒe dzesi dzi.
6. Ne èle dzadzram ɖo ɖe recovery USB flash drive le kɔmpiuta bubu dzi la, ƔESIAƔI zã sue (2 GB va ɖo 32 GB) USB 2.0 stick formatted strictly as FAT32 kple an MBR (Master Boot Record) mama kplɔ̃. Motherboard hardware flashback dziɖulawo nye 8-bit/32-bit microcontroller suesuesue siwo mate ŋu axlẽ nu o NTFS, . exFAT, alo GPT (GUID Mamã Tabla) ʋuwo. 128 GB zazã exFAT alo GPT USB stick nye #1 si ta USB BIOS Flashback blu zi etɔ̃ eye wòdo kpo nu.

flowchart TD
    A["PC alo Laptop ɖea Black Screen / No POST fiana le BIOS ƒe tɔtrɔ yeye si wotɔ te vɔ megbe"] --> B["Afɔɖeɖe 1: Ðe AC ŋusẽ ɖa, ɖe CR2032 batri + kpuie CLR_CMOS pins na 30s, boot kple 1 RAM ati le A2, lala 5 mins na DDR5 hehexɔxɔ"]
    B --> C{"Ðe ɖoɖoa POST yi BIOS dzia?"}
    C -->|"Ẽ: CMOS / RAM hehexɔxɔ ƒe hang koe wònye"| D["Gbugbɔ wɔ XMP/EXPO ŋudɔ eye nàŋlɔ xexlẽdzesi 48 BitLocker Recovery Key ne Windows bia tso asiwò"]
    C -->|"Ao: Still Black Screen (Firmware Brick Nyateƒetɔ) ."| E{"Ðe esia nye Desktop Motherboard alo Laptop?"}
    E -->|"Desktop Dada ƒe Dɔwɔnu"| F{"Ðe USB BIOS Flashback / Q-Flash Plus ƒe dzesi ALOO Dual-BIOS ƒe tɔtrɔ le board la ŋua?"}
    F -->|"Ẽ: Flashback Button le esi"| G["Ðo USB 2.0 ʋua ƒe nɔnɔme abe MBR + FAT32 ene, trɔ ŋkɔ na BIOS faɛl (e.g., MSI.ROM / gigabyte.bin), tsɔe de BIOS USB ʋɔtru tɔxɛ aɖe me, te Flashback ƒe dzesi"]
    F -->|"Ẽ: Dual-BIOS Switch le esi"| H["Trɔ ŋutilã me BIOS_SW tɔtrɔ ɖe Backup BIOS #2, alo ʋu Auto-Recovery ɖe Main BIOS dzi"]
    F -->|"Ao: Budget board si me Flashback ƒe dzesi aɖeke mele o"| I["Kpɔe ɖa be CrashFree Boot Block xlẽa FAT32 USB le eɖokui si hã; ne menye nenema o la, zã $12 CH341A SPI Programmer (3.3V vs 1.8V ƒe ɖaseɖigbalẽ)"]
    E -->|"Kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo (Dell / HP / Lenovo / ASUS) ."| J["Do AC adapter eye nàʋu OEM Xaxa Boot-Block Gbugbɔgadzɔ (Ctrl + Esc na Dell, Win + B na HP)"]

--- .

Afɔɖeɖe 1: Ðe "Aʋatso Brick", CMOS Reset kple DDR5 Ŋkuɖodzi Gbugbɔhehe ɖa¶

Hafi nàtsɔe be wò BIOS chip gblẽ la, doe kpɔ nenye be asitɔtrɔa kpɔ dzidzedze ŋutɔŋutɔ le eƒe nuwuwu tututu eye ɖeko motherboard la tsi CMOS parameter si mewɔ ɖeka o alo DDR5 memory training cycle didi aɖe dzi:

1. Ðe AC gli ka le elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃a me (alo ɖe laptop ƒe charger la ɖa).
2. Lé PC case ƒe ŋusẽ ƒe abɔta ɖe anyi hena sɛkɛnd 15 be nàɖe 5V standby charge susɔea ɖa le motherboard capacitors la me.
3. Ðe klosalo CR2032 gaku ƒe batri ɖa le motherboard ƒe nulénu me (le kɔmpiuta siwo dzi gaku ƒe lãmenugbagbevi mele o dzi la, ɖe Li-ion batri ƒe kadodo ememetɔ le motherboard la me hena miniti 2).
4. Kpuie evea nye ga CLR_CMOS (JBAT1 / . CLRTC) pins ɖekae kple screwdriver ƒe nugbɔ gbadzaa hena sɛkɛnd 30.
5. Ðe RAM-tiwo katã ɖa negbe ati ɖeka si susɔ ɖe gbãtɔ ƒe ʋɔtrua me koe mele eme o (zi geɖe DIMM_A2, si nye teƒe evelia si le CPU) la me, eye nàɖe USB hub evelia alo gotagome hard drive ɖesiaɖe ɖa.
6. Gade CR2032 batri la eme, de AC elektrikkaƒomɔ̃a me, ʋu PC la, eye MÈGAKA EŊU Aɖabaƒoƒo 5 BLIBO O. Le AMD Socket AM5 (Ryzen 7000/9000) kple Intel DDR5 ɖoɖowo me la, vuvɔŋɔli gbãtɔ ŋutɔ le BIOS flash alo CMOS kɔklɔ megbe la ƒua du DDR5 Impedance kple Timing Training ƒe ɖoɖo si me kɔ nyuie afisi... DRAM debug LED nɔa anyi sesẽ orange/yellow hena 90 va ɖo 240 sɛkɛnd hafi screen la klẽ zi ɖeka.

--- .

Afɔɖeɖe 2: Desktop Gbugbɔgaxɔ Mɔnu A, Hardware USB BIOS Flashback (No CPU / POST Hiã)¶

Mid-range kple high-end motherboard siwo katã kloe wowɔ tso ƒe 2018 me la dometɔ aɖewoe nye hardware microcontroller si le eɖokui si (si woyɔna zi geɖe be Super I/O alo dedicated Flashback IC) si ŋu ŋusẽ le tẽ to elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃a ƒe +5VSB (5-Volt Standby) ketekemɔ dzi. Ne wotutu BIOS chip vevitɔa keŋkeŋ va ɖo zero, alo womede CPU alo RAM aɖeke eme kura o hã la, dziɖunu sia ate ŋu axlẽ BIOS faɛl si ŋkɔ tɔxɛ le tso FAT32 USB drive dzi eye wòaŋlɔe ɖe SPI BIOS chip la dzi tẽ.

USB BIOS Flashback faɛl ŋkɔ yɔyɔ kple abɔta ƒe ɖoɖo si sɔ pɛpɛpɛ le motherboard ƒe ŋkɔ nu¶

Alesi woawɔ ɖoɖo ɖe kakaɖedzi-si sɔ kple wo nɔewo ŋu MBR + FAT32 USB stick (Eɖɔa Flashback ƒe kpododonu 90% ɖo)¶

Egbegbe Windows 10/11 gbe be yemawɔ ɖoɖo ɖe ʋu siwo lolo wu 32 GB ŋu o FAT32 le GUI si wozãna ɖaa me, eye USB-ti yeyewo katã kloe meli si wodze egɔme abe GPT (GUID Mamã Tabla) ɖe eteƒe MBR (Master Boot Nuŋlɔɖi). Hardware BIOS Flashback chips agbe GPT USB ʋu.

Wɔ sedede siawo tututu le Administrator Command Prompt (Windows) me le kɔmpiuta si le lãmesẽ me dzi be nàtrɔ USB-ʋu ɖesiaɖe (anyo wu be wòanye xoxo 8 GB alo 16 GB USB 2.0 stick) wòazu ** sesẽ aɖe.MBR + FAT32** hayahaya ƒe ati:

:: Open Command Prompt as Administrator and launch diskpart
diskpart

:: 1. List all disks and CAREFULLY identify your USB flash drive number (e.g., Disk 2, verify by size so you NEVER select your main C: drive.)
list disk

:: 2. Select your USB flash drive (replace X with your USB disk number)
select disk X

:: 3. Wipe the drive and convert the partition table strictly to MBR (Master Boot Record)
clean
convert mbr

:: 4. Create a small 4096 MB (4 GB) primary partition (so FAT32 works even on a 64 GB stick) and format as FAT32
create partition primary size=4096
format fs=fat32 quick
active
assign
exit

Azɔ kɔpi ONLY wò BIOS faɛl si wotsɔ ŋkɔ na (MSI.ROM, . gigabyte.bin, . creative.rom, alo wò ASUS .CAP file) yi ʋu yeye ma ƒe ŋɔŋlɔdzesi ƒe ke me, doe ɖa dedie, eye nàwɔ hardware Flashback ɖoɖo si le etame.

--- .

Afɔɖeɖe 3: Desktop Gbugbɔgaxɔ Mɔnu B, Dual-BIOS Trɔtrɔwo kple Boot-Block Auto-Gbugbɔgaxɔ¶

Ke ne wò kplɔ̃dzi motherboard me megbe USB BIOS Flashback ƒe dzesi o ɖe? Kpɔe ɖa be ezãa fallback design eve siawo siwo wotu ɖe eme la dometɔ ɖeka hã:

1. Dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ ƒe Dual-BIOS Switch (BIOS_SW / . M_BIOS & . B_BIOS) .¶

Gigabyte, EVGA, MSI GODLIKE/ACE, ASRock Aqua/Taichi, kple AMD/Intel dɔwɔƒe ƒe ʋuƒo geɖewo tsɔa ga ƒoa SPI BIOS chip ŋutɔŋutɔ eve ɖe PCB la dzi: BIOS vevitɔ (M_BIOS) kple BIOS si wotsɔ dzraa nu ɖo (B_BIOS). * Ne wò board la le physical 2-position slide switch (BIOS_SW1): Trɔ elektrikŋusẽnamɔ̃a, tsɔ ŋutilã ƒe ʋuƒoa ƒu gbe tso Teƒe 1 (Main) va ɖo Ðoƒe 2 lia ( .Backup), eye nàʋu PC la ƒe ŋusẽ. Adze enumake tso BIOS chip evelia si le lãmesẽ me la dzi. * Pro Tip to Repair the Bricked Chip #1: Ne ènya dze egɔme ɖe BIOS Setup screen (Del / . F2) zã Chip #2 si le lãmesẽ me, yi M-Flash / Q-Flash / EZ Flash utility, tsɔ wò BIOS update file tso USB stick me, trɔ ŋutilã la nyuie BIOS_SW trɔ motherboard la trɔ yi Position 1 esime PC la gakpɔtɔ le dɔ wɔm le Flash screen (le board siwo me single-BIOS lock switches mele o ko dzi), eye nàzi Start Flash dzi be nàŋlɔ Chip #1 si gblẽ la ɖe edzi. * Ne wò Gigabyte board la le DualBIOS manɔmee ŋutilã me tɔtrɔ (Soldered M_BIOS + B_BIOS): Aleke nàwɔ azi Gigabyte board si me switchless o dzi be wòawɔ kɔpi B_BIOS wu enu M_BIOS ne eƒe automatic detection do kpo afɔɖeɖe ɖe emea? 1. Trɔ PC la keŋkeŋ OFF. 2. Zi BOTH the case Power Button AND the case Reset Button dzi eye nàlée ɖe asi le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me hena sɛkɛnd 10 blibo, emegbe nàɖe asi le abɔta eveawo siaa ŋu. (Alo, lé Power ƒe dzesi la ɖe asi vaseɖe esime PC la naʋu eye wòagatsi eɖokui enumake ake, emegbe nàzi Power dzi zi ɖeka le mɔ si sɔ nu). 3. Hardware power-interruption signal sia ʋãa DualBIOS controller, si hea screen blɔ/yibɔ si gblɔ be "Main BIOS gblẽ. System la ahaya tso Backup BIOS" me eye wògbugbɔa chip vevitɔa trɔna le eɖokui si.

2. ASUS CrashFree BIOS 3 / ASRock Adze-Xɔxe USB Ðokuisi-Xlẽ¶

Le gazazã ƒe ASUS Prime alo ASRock board siwo me Flashback ƒe abɔta tɔxɛ aɖeke mele o gɔ̃ hã dzi la, gbãtɔ 64 KB ƒe BIOS chip la nyea Boot Block si wokpɔa ta na le nuŋɔŋlɔ me zi geɖe (ASUS CrashFree BIOS 3): 1. Dzra ɖo ɖe... MBR + FAT32 USB 2.0 stick zãa... diskpart sedede siwo le etame. 2. De BIOS si wogbugbɔ ŋkɔ na la eme .CAP file (zã BIOSRenamer.exe na ASUS) KPLEE kɔpi evelia si me wometrɔ ŋkɔ na gbãtɔa o .CAP filename le USB-ti la ƒe ke me. 3. Do USB-ti la ɖe megbe motherboard USB 2.0 ʋɔtru (do yibɔ si te ɖe PS/2 alo megbekpa tame wu, menye ŋgɔgbe-kpa ƒe ʋuƒo ƒe ʋɔtru gbeɖe o). 4. Ʋu PC la eye nàlala aɖabaƒoƒo 3 va ɖo 5. Ne monitor la tsi yibɔ le sɛkɛnd 60 gbãtɔawo me hã la, kpɔ dɔwɔna ƒe LED si le wò USB thumb drive dzi: ne Boot Block la le agbe la, awɔ USB stick la ƒe scan le eɖokui si, di .CAP file, eye nàʋu EZ Flash be nàgbugbɔ firmware la aɖo te.

--- .

Afɔɖeɖe 4: Kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo BIOS Gbugbɔgadzɔ, Dell, HP, Lenovo, kple ASUS Xaxa Boot-Block Hotkeys¶

Kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo te ŋu gblẽa nu le BIOS ƒe nutsotso kpata ŋu wu kplɔ̃dzivɔwo elabena Microsoft Windows Update ƒoa "System Firmware" ƒe yeyewo edziedzi to UEFI Capsule Updates dzi le Windows ƒe gbugbɔgadzedze si sɔ me. Ne zãla aɖe tu kɔmpiutadziɖoɖoa ƒe nutsyɔnu alo zi elektrikŋusẽa dzi be wòatsi esime screen la gblɔ be "Taflatse lala esime míele ɖoɖo yeye aɖe dem eme," kɔmpiutadziɖoɖoa ƒoa bricks.

Akpe be, laptop OEM gãwo ɖea Crisis Recovery Boot Block si womate ŋu atutu o ɖe vovo le Embedded Controller (EC) alo Intel Management Engine / AMD PSP me si wɔa nu ɖe adzame safui ƒe kaƒoƒo ŋu le ŋusẽdodo me:

1. Dell Kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo & Dɔwɔkplɔ̃wo (Inspiron, XPS, Latitude, Precision, Alienware), Ctrl + Esc¶

Dell ƒe BIOS Recovery 2 / 3 si wotu ɖe eme la dzraa BIOS nɔnɔmetata la ƒe kɔpi ɣaɣla si wodzra ɖo ɖo (BIOS_IMG.rcv) le nusi woɣla la me EFI mama ɖe wò SSD ememetɔ dzi (alo àte ŋu axlẽe tso FAT32 USB-ti dzi): 1. Ðe AC charger la le Dell ƒe kɔmpiuta dzi. 2. Zi ** dzi eye nàlée ɖe asi.Ctrl + Esc** le kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo ƒe keyboard si wotu ɖe eme la dzi. 3. Esi wògakpɔtɔ lé ** .Ctrl + Esc, tsɔ AC power charger ka la de kɔmpiutadziɖoɖoa me. 4. Yi edzi nàlé ** .Ctrl + Esc hena sɛkɛnd 5 va ɖo 15 vaseɖe esime keyboard ƒe megbekaɖia naklẽ alo Dell BIOS Recovery Screen nadze le nukpɔkpɔa dzi (ne kɔmpiutadziɖoɖoa meʋuna le eɖokui si ne èle AC ƒom o la, zi Power ƒe dzesi dzi zi ɖeka esime nèle edzram ɖo Ctrl + Esc wolée ɖe asi). 5. Tia Gbugbɔ BIOS (alo Reset NVRAM ne wotsɔe na gbã) eye nàzi Enter dzi. * Ke ne SSD ememetɔ la mekpɔ recovery file o ɖe? Le kɔmpiuta bubu dzi la, yi dell.com/support, ŋlɔ wò kɔmpiutadziɖoɖo ƒe Service Tag, wɔ BIOS yeyetɔ ƒe kɔpi .exe file, ƒu du BIOS_Update_File.exe /writehdrfile alo nàtrɔ ŋkɔ na esi woɖe ɖe go .exe / . .rcv faɛl yi ** .BIOS_IMG.rcv** le a FAT32 USB-ti, tsɔ USB-ti la de Dell ƒe kɔmpiuta si wotsɔ anyikpe wɔe la me, eye nàgbugbɔ awɔ... Ctrl + Esc ɖoɖowɔɖi.

2. HP Kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo & Dɔwɔɖoɖowo (Pavilion, Ŋuʋaʋã, Spectre, EliteBook, ProBook, Omen, Victus), Windows + B¶

HP ƒe Sure Start / Crisis BIOS Recovery wɔa dɔ ɖekae: 1. Trɔ HP laptop la keŋkeŋ OFF eye nàde AC power adapter la me. 2. Zi ** la dzi eye nàlée ɖe asi.Windows Key + B** le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me (le HP ƒe mɔ̃ xoxo aɖewo dzi la, te kpɔ Windows Key + V ne Win + B meɖoa eŋu o). 3. Esi wògakpɔtɔ lé ** .Windows + B**, zi Ŋusẽ ƒe Abɔta dzi eye nàlée ɖe asi hena sɛkɛnd 2 va ɖo 3, emegbe ɖe asi le Ŋusẽ ƒe Abɔta ŋu esime nèyi edzi lée Windows + B hena sɛkɛnd 10 va ɖo 15 bubu. 4. Screen la anɔ yibɔ hena sɛkɛnd 30 va ɖo 60, Caps Lock LED ateŋu adze, cooling fan la atrɔ sesĩe, eye HP BIOS Update / Crisis Recovery screen la adze eye wòagbugbɔ aŋlɔ BIOS si gblẽ la le eɖokui si tso ɣaɣlaƒe HP_TOOLS EFI ƒe mama. *Ne ememetɔwo HP_TOOLS mamaa b:Wɔ HP BIOS SoftPaq ƒe kɔpi klzzwx0101 le Windows PC bubu dzi la, tsɔ... .exe installer, tia "Create Recovery USB flash drive," tsɔ USB drive ma de HP ƒe kɔmpiuta si wotsɔ brick wɔe la me, eye nàgbugbɔe awɔ Windows + B + Ŋusẽ.

3. Lenovo Kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo (ThinkPad, IdeaPad, Asrafoha, Yoga), . Fn + R¶

1. Egbegbe ThinkPad kple Legion kɔmpiuta geɖe ƒe kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo dometɔ aɖewoe nye BIOS si daa gbe le eɖokui ŋu si ʋãna le eɖokui si ne è ɖe AC adapter la ɖa, tsɔ pepa si wobla dzɔdzɔe de "Emergency Reset Hole" sue si le kɔmpiutaa ƒe akpa si le ete la me hena sɛkɛnd 15, lala miniti 1, gatsɔ AC-ŋusẽ gade eme, eye nàʋu kɔmpiutadziɖoɖoa ɖeɖeko hena miniti 3 esime wòle keklẽm).
2. Na Fn + R Crisis Mode le Lenovo ƒe mɔ̃ siwo wodo alɔe dzi: Ðo USB 2.0 stick ƒe nɔnɔme abe FAT32, ɖe nusiwo womeɖa o la ɖa .bin / . .fd / . .cap BIOS file tso Lenovo ƒe BIOS update archive me yi USB stick la dzi, do USB stick kple AC charger la ɖe laptop si wotu la me, lé ** .Fn + R** (alo Fn + B), eye nàzi Power Button dzi vaseɖe esime USB stick LED la nadze flitete kabakaba.

--- .

Afɔɖeɖe 5: The Ultimate Hardware Rescue, Tsã SPI Chip Flashing kple $12 CH341A Ðoɖowɔla alo Raspberry Pi¶

Ke ne USB BIOS Flashback button aɖeke mele wò motherboard la si o, Dual-BIOS chip aɖeke mele esi o, eye woŋlɔ Boot Block ŋutɔ ɖe edzi hafi ŋusẽa ku, si fia be board la mate ŋu axlẽ USB stick kura o ya ɖe?

Le 100% total brick si me byte gbãtɔ si le boot block la megali o gɔ̃ hã me la, mehiã be nàƒle motherboard yeye alo axe fe na dzraɖoƒe $150 o. Motherboard ɖesiaɖe dzraa eƒe BIOS ɖo ɖe 8-pin SOIC-8 / WSON-8 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) ALOO Flash chip (si Winbond wɔ) si wozãna ɖaa dzi W25Q..., Macronix ƒe agbalẽa MX25L..., alo GigaDevice ƒe dɔwɔnu GD25Q...). Àte ŋu aƒle $10 va ɖo $15 CH341A USB SPI Programmer kple SOIC-8 Pomona Test Clip le internet dzi (alo zã Raspberry Pi ƒe GPIO pin ɖesiaɖe kple Linux flashrom utility), klãe ɖe BIOS chip ƒe afɔ 8 siwo le wò motherboard dzi, eye nàklẽ BIOS faɛl yeye aɖe tẽ ɖe silicon la dzi le miniti 4 me.

ƲUƲU ƑE NUXLẼME VEVIETƆ: 3.3V vs. 1.8V SPI BIOS Chips¶

Afɔɖeɖe ɖesiaɖe In-Circuit SPI Gbugbɔgaʋuʋu ƒe Ðoɖo (AsProgrammer / . NeoProgrammer alo Linux flashrom) .¶

1. Di 8-pin SPI BIOS chip le wò motherboard dzi: Di klosalo CR2032 CMOS batri gbɔ alo le SATA ʋɔtruwo / PCIe ʋɔtruwo gbɔ hena afɔ 8 ƒe dzogoe ene me chip (zi geɖe la, le seda ƒe dzesi ɣi aɖe xexlẽ xa tututu BIOS, . U_BIOS, alo SPI_TPM). Xlẽ nuŋɔŋlɔ sue si wotsɔ laser ŋlɔ ɖe chip la tame kple wò smartphone camera macro zoom (e.g., Winbond 25Q256JVEN) eye nàkpɔe ɖa be ele nenema hã 3.3V alo 1.8V le adzɔnuwɔƒea ƒe nyatakakadzraɖoƒe.
2. Dzra ɖo ɖe Clean Binary BIOS File (.bin / . .rom):
3. Le MSI, Gigabyte, kple ASRock gome la, BIOS faɛl si nèɖe tso adzɔnuwɔƒea ƒe kpekpeɖeŋu nyatakakadzraɖoƒe la nye nɔnɔmetata eve ƒe nɔnɔmetata xoxo si sɔ pɛpɛpɛ xoxo (16,777,216 bytes na 16 MB 128Mbit chip, alo 33,554,432 bytes na 32 MB 256Mbit chip) si woate ŋu adze tẽ.
4. Nya Vevi aɖe na ASUS .CAP Files: ASUS xatsa eƒe downloadable .CAP BIOS faɛl siwo le ** .2,048-byte (0x800 hex) UEFI Capsule Dedienɔnɔ Tanya**. Ne è flash ASUS aɖe .CAP faɛl tẽ kple hardware programmer evɔ womaɖe ta ma si ƒe lolome nye byte 2,048 ɖa o, woatrɔ chip ƒe ɖoɖowɔwɔ to 0x800 bytes eye board la madze dɔ gɔme o. Ʋu ASUS la .CAP faɛl si le UEFITool femaxee la me (zi Action -> Capsule -> Extract Body dzi be nàdzra dzadzɛa ɖo .rom ŋutilã) alo ʋui le hex editor (HxD) eye nàtutu gbãtɔa ɖa 0x000 to eme 0x7FF byte (2,048 bytes) eyata faɛl ƒe lolome nye ŋusẽ si sɔ pɛpɛpɛ si nye eve (16,777,216 alo 33,554,432 bytes) ƒe xexlẽdzesiwo).
5. Align Pin 1 (Ka Dzĩ ƒe Se):
6. Kpɔ 8-pin BIOS chip si le motherboard la tame nyuie: dzogoe eneawo dometɔ ɖeka ƒe do sue aɖe si le gotagome / dot si wotsɔ de plastic yibɔa me (alo dzogoe etɔ̃ ɣi si wota ɖe motherboard PCB la dzi). Dzogoe ma nye Pin 1.
7. Tsɔ Red Wire si le wò SOIC-8 dodokpɔ ƒe nulénu la ɖo Pin 1 si le BIOS chip la dzi tẽ, kple motherboard la woɖee le AC gli ƒe ŋusẽ me (alo ne woɖe CR2032 batri la ɖa).
8. Xlẽ, Tutu, Ŋlɔ, eye nàɖo kpe edzi:
9. Do USB-ɖoɖowɔla la ɖe kɔmpiuta alo PC si le dɔ wɔm me eye nàʋu AsProgrammer, NeoProgrammer (Windows), alo ** .flashrom** (Linux/macOS: (Linux/macOS) ƒe ƒuƒoƒo: sudo flashrom -p ch341a_spi -r backup_old.bin emegbe sudo flashrom -p ch341a_spi -w clean_bios.rom).
10. Zi Detect IC dzi (kpɔ egbɔ be ede dzesi wò Winbond/Macronix chip model tututu eye menye nenema o FF FF FF).
11. Gbãtɔ: Zi Xlẽ IC dzi eye nàdzra chip me nya siwo gblẽ fifia ƒe backup ɖo (corrupted_backup.bin, vevietɔ le kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo kple Intel boardwo dzi elabena wò board ƒe Ethernet MAC adrɛs tɔxɛ, Serial Number, kple Windows OEM product key le eme).
12. Evelia: Do agba na wò dzadzɛnyenye 16 MB / . 32 MB BIOS binary file eye nàzi Erase -> Program -> Verify (aɖaka si dzi aŋutrɔ dama le).
13. Ne kɔmpiutadziɖoɖoa gblɔ be ** .Verification Successful (100%)**, ɖe dodokpɔ ƒe nulénu la ɖa, gade CR2032 batri la eme, de AC elektrikkaƒomɔ̃a me, eye nàzi PC ƒe ŋusẽ ƒe dzesi dzi. Wò motherboard la agbugbɔ agbɔ agbe enumake.

--- .

Mɔxexe ɖe BIOS ƒe yeyewɔwɔ ƒe afɔku siwo ava le etsɔme nu¶

Ne wò dɔwɔɖoɖoa gadze dɔ ake ko la, wɔ ɖe se ene siawo dzi hafi nàdze kɔmpiutadziɖoɖowo gɔme le etsɔme:

1. Mègawɔ Motherboard BIOS Trɔ Asi Le Windows Me Gbeɖe O (ASUS Armoury Crate, . MSI Center, . Gigabyte Control Center): Windows ƒe megbenyawo, dɔlékuiwutikewo, alo BSOD kpata ate ŋu atɔ te dɔwɔɖoɖoa le titina. Kɔpi BIOS faɛl la ɣesiaɣi ɖe a FAT32 USB stick, gbugbɔ dze egɔme ɖe BIOS Setup Utility (EZ Flash / . M-Flash / . Q-Flash / . Instant Flash), eye nàwɔ asitɔtrɔa tso UEFI ƒe nɔnɔme suetɔ la me.
2. Tsi Windows Update Automatic "Optional Driver / Firmware" Pushes on Desktops and Custom Laptops: Be nàtɔ te Windows Update be wòagaklẽ wò laptop alo desktop UEFI capsule le vome le gbugbɔgadzedze edziedzi me evɔ màbia wò o la, ʋu Device Manager -> Firmware -> System Firmware -> Zi ɖusi dzi -> Tsɔ mɔ̃a nu tutu (alo na Group Policy Computer Configuration nawɔ dɔ -> Administrative Templates -> Windows Components -> Windows Update -> Dzra yeye siwo wona tso Windows Update me ɖo -> Mègatsɔ ʋukulawo de eme kple Windows Updates o).
3. Gbugbɔ Ðo Overclocks (Load Optimized Defaults) HAFI Nàzi Flash dzi: Mègaɖe BIOS yeye aɖeke gbeɖe esime nèle CPU undervolt si meli ke o alo DDR5 RAM overclock si me dziku le zãm o. Ne RAM la tsɔ bit vodada ɖeka ƒu gbe esime wòle BIOS nɔnɔmetata yeyea ɖem ɖa le ŋkuɖodzinu me la, ate ŋu ahe flash utility la. Zi ** dzi ɣesiaɣi .F5 / . F7 (Load Optimized Defaults)**, gbugbɔ dze BIOS gɔme le stock JEDEC ŋkuɖodzinu ƒe duƒuƒu me, eye emegbe nàwɔ flash la.

--- .

Nya siwo wobiaa amewo enuenu¶

--- .

Mɔfiame siwo do ƒome kplii¶

• Windows Blue Screen (BSOD) kple boot dzadzraɖo
• Linux ɖoɖo ƒe gɔmedzedze ƒe kpododonu kple GRUB dzadzraɖo
• macOS kernel vɔvɔ̃, yevu screen, kple Gbugbɔgadzɔ ƒe Nɔnɔme
• Hard drive ƒe kpododonu kple nyatakakawo gbugbɔgaxɔ
• Dekɔnu PC dzoxɔxɔ fũ kple tsi fafɛ leaks
• GPU artifacting kple hardware ƒe gbagbã triage
• Xexeame katã ƒe xexlẽdzesi siwo ku ɖe nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo ŋu

--- .

Wolé ŋku ɖe dzɔtsoƒewo ŋu¶

• Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) Forum (Dukɔwo Dome): UEFI Specification Version 2.10 (Firmware Capsule Update Delivery, Vodada-Tolerant Top-Swap Boot Block Xɔtuɖaŋu, kple NVRAM Variable Services).
• Dukɔa ƒe Dzidzenuwo Kple Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya Ŋuti Nusrɔ̃ƒe (NIST) (United States): Agbalẽ Tɔxɛ 800-147 (BIOS Takpɔkpɔ ƒe Mɔfiamewo) kple SP 800-193 (Nuƒolanɔƒe ƒe Firmware ƒe Tsitretsitsi Mɔfiamewo: Detection, Gbugbɔgaxɔ, Kple Dual-SPI Root of Trust).
• flashrom Open-Source Project (Dukɔwo Dome): Dziɖuɖua ƒe Nuŋlɔɖiwo na In-System Programming (ISP) of SOIC-8 / WSON-8 SPI NOR Flash Memory kple 1.8V vs. 3.3V Voltage Level Precautions (flashrom.org).
• ASUSTeK Kɔmpiuta Inc., Micro-Star Dukɔwo Dome (MSI), & Gigabyte Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya (Dukɔwo Dome): Dziɖuɖua ƒe Hardware Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya Mɔfiamegbalẽwo na USB BIOS FlashBack, MSI Flash BIOS Button (MSI.ROM), kple Gigabyte Q-Flash Plus / DualBIOS Gbugbɔgaxɔ ƒe Ðoɖowo.
• Dell Inc., HP Inc., & Lenovo Group Ltd. (Dukɔwo Dome): Dziɖuɖua ƒe Gbeadzisubɔsubɔ ƒe Nuŋlɔɖiwo na Dell BIOS Gbugbɔgaxɔ ⅔ (Ctrl+Esc), HP Kakaɖedzitɔe Dze Xaxa Gɔmedzedze (Win+B), kple ThinkPad Self-Healing BIOS Gbugbɔgaɖoɖo ƒe Ðoɖowo.