Helikɔpta Didi Kple Xɔname Hoist Dɔwɔwɔwo: Anyigbamama Dzadzraɖo Kple Static Shock Se¶

Didi Kple Xɔname aɖe ƒe ɖiɖi si gogo la sese (SAR) alo Ƒuta Dzɔlawo ƒe helikɔpta (Sikorsky MH-60 Jayhawk, . Airbus H145, . AW139, alo Bell 412) le gaƒoƒo geɖe ƒe lala le megbe alo ƒua dzi megbe la, zi geɖe la, ehea gbɔdzɔe ƒe duƒuƒu si me afɔku le vɛ. Le aɖabaƒoƒo 3 ƒe fesre mamlɛtɔ ma me hafi yameʋua nava ɖo yame la, agbetsilawo siwo medzra ɖo o la hea afɔku evelia vɛ edziedzi. Ahomya ƒe ŋusẽ ƒe rotor downwash (100 to 160+ km/h / 60 to 100+ mph) vuvu agbadɔ siwo wometsɔ seke ɖo o, alɔ̃dɔdɔ ƒe aŋekotoku siwo me futukpɔ le, kple aŋekotokuwo le anyigba eye wòmia wo ɖe helikɔpta la ƒe mɔ̃ ƒe mɔ̃ alo asike ƒe ʋuƒo me (Foreign Object Damage / FOD). Le hover-winch ɖeɖe me la, agbetsila si tsi dzimaɖi si do asi ɖe dzi helé gakpo si le ɖiɖim ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔ, xɔname kusi, alo strop hafi wòaka asi anyigba alo tsi ŋu la xɔa elektrikŋusẽ si ƒe ŋusẽ nye volt 100,000 va ɖo 300,000 (triboelectric rotor static shock) si ate ŋu aƒo xɔnametɔ la tso agakpe aɖe dzi alo ana ʋu ƒe sisi nawɔ dɔ nyuie o.

Ne èle ɖoɖo wɔm ɖe atikewɔlawo ƒe ʋuʋu alo gbedadaƒo xɔnamedɔ si le dɔ dzi ŋu la, ke na wò satelait-dɔla si yia mɔ eve dzi (Garmin inReach, . Zoleo, . iPhone Satellite SOS) alo ƒumelãwo VHF Channel 16 radio ʋu, ƒo ka na wò nutoa me ƒe xexlẽdzesi kpata (911 le United States kple Canada, . 112 le Europa Dukɔwo ƒe Habɔbɔa katã me la, . 999 le United Kingdom) ne asitelefon dzi dɔwɔƒe li, alo kpɔ míaƒe nyatakakadzraɖoƒe si nye xexlẽdzesi siwo wozãna kpata. Ne èdi dzesiwo do ŋgɔ na vava kple nuveviwɔame ƒe liƒolili la, kpɔ solo thru-hiker gbagbã afɔkpodzi, splint, kple PLB dɔwɔwɔ, . bu esime wonɔ todzizɔzɔ alo asaɖa me nɔm, kple tɔdziʋuɖoɖo ƒe ʋuʋu kple tsi fafɛ ƒe agbetsitsi. Wɔ ɖe anyidzedze ƒe teƒe dzadzraɖo, anyigba si nɔa teƒe ɖeka, kple hoist-winch dedienɔnɔ ƒe ɖoɖo siwo le ete dzi.

Wɔ esia fifia¶

1. ƑE AGBALẼDZRAÐOƑE, TARP, FOAM PAD, KPLEE AVƆ SIWO WOÐO LE METƆ 100 ME (FOD SWEEP): Rotor kɔklɔ tso xɔname helikɔpta me naa ahomya si zɔna kilometa 130+ le gaƒoƒo ɖeka me (80+ mph) le teƒe ɖeka. Mu agbadɔawo katã keŋkeŋ, tsɔ alɔ̃kotokuwo, foam-kplowo, tsidzadzawuwo, kple yamenutomewuwo de akɔtagbalẽvi siwo ŋu zip le me, eye nàƒo kpe kpekpewo nu ƒu ɖe agbaawo tame. Foam si dzona alo nylon ƒe afɔti ɖeka si womi ɖe asike ƒe ʋuƒo me ana yameʋua naɖiɖi.
2. NA HOIST CABLE, HOOK, ALOR RESCUE BASKET NAKA Anyigba ALOO TSI GBÃTƆ (THE STATIC GROUNDING RULE): Helikɔpta si le dzodzom la naa elektrikŋusẽ si meʋãna o si ade volt 300,000 tso ya kple ke ƒe ʋuʋu le eƒe rotor blades siwo le tsatsam la me. Mègaɖo asi dzi gbeɖe eye nàka asi ga winch ka, kɔsɔkɔsɔ, gbeɖuɖɔ, alo xɔname strop ŋu esime wòle xɔxlɔ̃m le yame o. Lala vaseɖe esime static discharge wick si le megbe alo kusi/kɔsɔkɔsɔa nawɔ kadodo sesĩe kple anyigba, kpe, sno, alo tsi be ʋu nado le charge la me dedie.
3. MÈGAƑE WÒ LILI CARABINER, TETHER, ALOO KA TSITSI NA HELIKOPTER WINCH HOOK ALOO CABLE GBEÐE: Ne ètsi agakpe aɖe dzi la, mègabla helikɔpta ƒe hoist hook ɖe wò kpe ƒe seke, belay loop, alo wò ŋutɔ wò daisy kɔsɔkɔsɔ me gbeɖe o. Ne helikɔpta la do go ya sesẽ aɖe eye wòhe yi dzi esime wòle sekem ɖe agakpe glia ŋu la, woazi ʋua me dɔwɔlawo ƒe amegã dzi be tɔ dzo kaƒomɔ̃ si wotsɔna ƒoa ka (guillotine), tsɔ gakpoa ƒe ka la ƒu gbe eye wògblẽ wò ɖi nàtsi. Lala be hoist rescue specialist naɖiɖi eye wòakpɔ clip-ins katã dzi.
4. MÈGAKLƆ LASER POINTER, STROBE, ALOO HIGH-LUMEN HEADLAMP LE KƆKPƆKPƆA ME GBEÐE NE AMESI ƲUƲUƲLAA KPƆ WÒ KO: Le zã me la, yameʋukulawo zãa Night Vision Goggles (NVGs) siwo doa kekeli ɖe ŋgɔ zi gbɔ zi 10,000. Ne woklẽ akaɖi ɣi, akaɖi, alo laser ɖe helikɔpta si le tetem ɖe eŋu ŋu la, egbãa ŋku na yameʋua me dɔwɔlawo eye wòzia wo dzi be woaɖe fu. Tsi strobe-kaɖiwo katã eye nàfia wò ŋgɔgbekaɖia ɖe anyi ɖe wò afɔwo dzi ne helikɔpta la nya lɔ̃ ɖe wò nɔƒe dzi ko.
5. TSƆ KPLE WÒ AKPAÐEKA NA YA LE... Y ("YES") POSTURE Do ŊKU TAKPEÐEŊU: Tsi tre ɖe yaƒoƒo ƒe go si le gbadzaƒea ƒe go si dzi ya le le megbe, do ski goggles alo ɣe ƒe ŋkumewu enumake be nàkpɔ wò ŋkume ƒe ŋkume ƒe ŋkume ƒe ŋkume ƒe ŋkumeʋuʋu ta tso ke/rotor grit si gbãa ŋku me, eye nàlé abɔ eveawo ɖe dzi le dzogoe 45 dzi awɔ ŋɔŋlɔdzesi Y ("Ẽ, mehiã kpekpeɖeŋu / Aɖiɖi ɖe afisia").
6. MÈGATE HELIKOPTER SI SI ÐE ÐE NU ME GBEÐE O TSO EMEGBE ALOO AKPA SI LE TO ƑE AKPA ME GBEÐE: Mègazɔ yi asike ƒe boom gbɔ gbeɖe o (invisible spinning tail rotor blade hazard), eye mègazɔ togbɛ dzi gbeɖe o ɖo ta helikɔpta si wotɔ ɖe dzogoe aɖe dzi (the main rotor disc dips close to head height on the uphill side). Lala le yameʋukulaa ƒe fesre nu nyuie le gaƒoƒo 3 alo ga 9 ƒe nɔnɔme (alo dzidzenu 45 tso ŋɔti gbɔ) vaseɖe esime ʋua me dɔwɔlawo ƒe amegã naʋuʋu asi na wò be nàge ɖe eme alo ado go akplɔ wò.

Nyametsotsoti: helikɔpta ƒe vava, anyidzeƒe vs. hoist tiatia, kple eɖeɖe¶

Wɔ ɖe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe ɖoɖo sia dzi le ɣeyiɣi si me nèse rotor blades alo xɔ satellite kpeɖodzi be yameʋuʋu alo SAR helikɔpta gbɔna:

flowchart TD
    Inbound["SAR / Medevac Helikɔpta ƒe Geɖe (Woɖo kpe edzi to Satellite SOS, VHF Ch 16, alo Rotor Sound dzi)"] --> FOD["1. NUÐUÐU KPƆKPƆ KPƆKPƆ (Le 100 m / 330 ft me):: Mu agbadɔawo katã -> Nu siwo wotsɔ blaa agbawo, tarps, & space blankets le agbawo me -> Kpekpeme ƒe agbawo le kpewo te -> Do ŋkumekpɔnu & gakuku/kposɔ si wotsɔ asike bla"]
    FOD --> Terrain{"2. Anyigba Ka Dzie Nèle?"}
    Terrain -->|"Anyigba Gbadza / Gbedadaƒo (Anyigba si le gbadzaa <= dzidzenu 8) ."| PrepLZ["DZRA 30m x 30m (100ft x 100ft) LANDING ZONE:: Kpɔe ɖa be ka siwo le yame & snags kukuwo hã le eme -> Tsɔ ya-streamer ƒu gbe alo da awu si ƒe amadede nye aŋutiɖiɖi si le keklẽm ɖe kpewo te -> Tsi tre ɖe ya ƒe go kemɛ dzi le 'Y' dzesi me"]
    Terrain -->|"Agakpe Gbadza, Avewo ƒe Akɔta, Sno Goglo, alo Tɔdziʋu Si Woʋu le Ƒua Dzi"| PrepHoist["DZRA ÐO ÐE HOVER HOIST / WINCH EXTRACTION ŊU:: Mègabla ɖokuiwò ɖe seke siwo xea mɔ na eɖeɖe o -> Klɔ alɔ/antenna siwo me mekɔ o -> Dzra dɔnɔa ɖo le hypothermia wrap me"]
    PrepLZ --> NightCheck{"3. Zã mee Wònye Alo Kekeli Si Mebɔ Oa?"}
    PrepHoist --> NightCheck
    NightCheck -->|"Ẽ: Zã me Dɔwɔwɔ (Dɔwɔlawo le NVG-ʋuwo me) ."| LightOff["KILL STROBES & NEVER AIM LIGHT AT COCKPIT:: Ne yameʋukulaa nya klẽ anyidzedze ƒe akaɖi alo ƒo xlãe ko la, TSƆ strobes -> Taɖodzinu sue aɖe ɖe anyigba/dɔnɔ ɖeɖeko dzi"]
    NightCheck -->|"AO: Ŋkeke ƒe Dɔwɔnawo"| DaySig["Flash Signal Mirror le Horizon/Cockpit Ko Vaseɖe esime Pilot Rocks Aʋalawo alo Klẽ Landing Light -> Emegbe Dzudzɔ Mirror"]
    LightOff --> Mode{"4. Ðe Helikɔpta la Dzea Anyigba alo Tsina Be Yeakɔ Ðe Dzia?"}
    DaySig --> Mode
    Mode -->|"Helikɔpta Dze Anyigba Dzi"| ApproachRule["LALA HAFI VASEÐE VASEÐE KPLE ƲUƲU DZESI WÒ:: Te ɖe eŋu tso Downhill Side KO (ga 3 alo 9 / 45 deg off nose) -> Klɔ anyi bɔbɔe -> Mègatsɔ todzizɔzɔ ƒe atiwo/skiwo ɖe tsitrenu gbeɖe o -> Mègazɔ le asike gbɔ gbeɖe o"]
    Mode -->|"Helikɔpta Hovers & Lowers Cable / Kusi / Xɔnametɔ"| StaticRule["LALA AGBALẼ/TSI ƑE KPEKPEÐEŊU:: Na gakpo ka, kɔsɔkɔsɔ, alo kusi naka anyigba/tsi GBÃTƆ be wòaɖe 200kV static -> Mègabla wò ŋutɔ wò gear ɖe kɔsɔkɔsɔ ŋu gbeɖe o -> Wɔ ɖe Winchman ƒe sededewo dzi"]

Akpa 1: Alesi woatia Helikɔpta ƒe Anyigbamama kpata, akɔ eme, ahade dzesii (HLZ) .¶

Nenye be xɔnamehelikɔpta ate ŋu adze anyi ɖe eƒe skids/wheels (Land-and-Load, si xɔa miniti 3 eye afɔku boo aɖeke mele eme o) alo wozi edzi be wòawɔ hover-hoist si me mɔ̃ ɖeka le si me afɔku le la nɔ te ɖe Helicopter Landing Zone (HLZ) wò tiaa eye nèdzrana ɖo le anyigba.

1. NATO / USCG / Towo Xɔname HLZ ƒe Dimensional Dzidzenuwo si dziɖuɖua ɖo¶

Ne èle ŋku lém ɖe teƒe gbadza aɖe si te ɖe afisi wò afɔkua dzɔ le ŋu la, zã P-S-O-W (Point of Touchdown, . Slope, . Obstacles, . Wind) dzidzenuwo:

2. Kɔkɔƒe ƒe Density Kɔkɔme ƒe Mɔ̃ ( .Why Valleys & Ridges Affect Hover Power) .¶

Le to kɔkɔwo dzi (> 2,500 to 4,000 meters / 8,200 to 13,000 feet) le ŋdɔ si me yame xɔa dzo, si me ya mebɔ ɖo o (high density altitude) ɖea main rotor lift kple turbine sɔ ƒe ŋusẽ dzi kpɔtɔna. - Helikɔpta si ate ŋu adzo le anyigba godo le atsiaƒu ƒe sɔsɔme ate ŋu ŋusẽ manɔ eŋu be wòadzo le ave ƒe do sesẽ alo bali si tsi anyi si didi meta 3,500 dzi o. - Ne àte ŋu aʋuʋu dɔnɔa meta 100 dedie la: ʋu tso ati ƒe do siwo me ya mele o me yi abɔta si le gbadzaa si le gbadzaa alo togbɛwo dzi zikpui si dzi laminar ya naa gbegɔmeɖeɖe ƒe kɔkɔme le eye wònaa yameʋukulaa kpɔa sisimɔ si me kɔ nyuie yi anyime.

3. Dzesidede Snoxɔwo Kple Ketowo (Preventing Pilot "Whiteout" and "Brownout") .¶

Ne helikɔpta le dzodzom le sno yeye si wotsɔ aŋɔ wɔe alo dzogbenyigba ƒuƒu si womede dzesii o dzi la, rotor downwash tsɔa sno ƒe alilikpo si gbãa ŋku na ame (whiteout) alo ke ( .brownout) le yameʋukuƒea tame, si ɖea yameʋukulaa ƒe nufiame siwo wokpɔna le yamenutome le sɛkɛnd 3 me ɖa: 1. Pack Down a Snow Pad: Le sno goglo me la, zã snofɔkpa alo ski nàtsɔ afɔ afɔkpo \(10\text{ m} \times 10\text{ m}\) (\(33\text{ ft} \times 33\text{ ft}\)) titina nuƒolanɔƒe sesẽ aɖe aɖabaƒoƒo 20 hafi nàva ɖo ale be snoa nasesẽ. 2. Tsɔ Viviti Nukpɔkpɔ ƒe Vovototo Dzesiwo ƒu gbe ɖe Sno Yeye Gbadzɛ (Depth Perception References): - Le tsikpe ɣi alo sno si me nɔnɔme aɖeke mele o dzi la, yameʋukulawo mate ŋu adrɔ̃ ʋɔnu nenye be woƒe tsikpewo le snoa tame meta 10 alo sentimeta 10 o (flat-light illusion). - Mlɔ pine ƒe alɔwo, kpe dovivitiwo, alo do siwo wotu ɖe afɔkpodzi ƒo xlã afisi woate ŋu adze anyi ɖo, alo nàda akɔtawu si ƒe amadede nye aŋutiɖiɖi si le keklẽm ɖe kpe siwo ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 20 te le ya ƒe gogloƒe be wòana yameʋukulaa nakpɔ 3D goglome ƒe nufiame kple ya ƒe mɔfiame ƒe dzesi.

Akpa 2: Rotor static elektrikŋusẽ dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽŋununya kple hoist / winch ɖeɖe sewo¶

Ne anyigbaa le togbɛ, atiwo, alo agakpewo le eme akpa be wòadze anyi, alo ne èle tɔdziʋu si le ƒuƒum le ƒua dzi la, helikɔpta la alé hover si didi meta 15 va ɖo 45 (afɔ 50 va ɖo 150) ɖe yame eye wòatsɔ eƒe xɔnamekɔmɔ̃ (using 4.76 mm / 3/16 in braided stainless-steel aircraft cable).

1. Nusita Helikɔpta si Le Yame Tsɔa Volt 100,000 va ɖo 300,000 si ƒe Ʋuʋudedi¶

Esi helikɔpta ƒe rotor ƒe asikewo le tsatsam le yame le nugbɔ ƒe duƒuƒu si gogo Mach 0.65 (\(750\text{ km/h} / 465\text{ mph}\)) me la, ya ƒe moleculewo, tsikpe ƒe kristalo, sno ƒe nukuwo, dze si wotsɔna ƒua gbe, alo ke ƒoa ƒu kple akplɔawo ƒe ŋgɔgbekpawo. - triboelectric charging sia tua elektrikŋusẽ ƒe ŋusẽ gã aɖe ɖe yameʋu ƒe akpa si sa ɖe aga la dzi: - Ƒudziya si me fafa le: \(30,000\text{ va ɖo }80,000\text{ volts}\). - Todziya ƒuƒu / Sno alo Dzogbe ƒe Ke si le ƒoƒom: \(150,000\text{ va ɖo }300,000+\text{ volts}\) si te ŋu naa capacitive discharge pulse sesẽ aɖe ne wotsɔe ɖo anyigba to amegbetɔ ƒe ŋutilã me. - Volt 200,000 ƒe akasa nu xɔxlɔ̃ to wò asi ƒuƒlu dzi hea tetanic lãmeka ƒe tete le lɔlɔ̃nu faa nu (si tsɔa wò ƒua gbe ɖe megbe tso agakpe ƒe ʋuƒo alo tɔdziʋu ƒe tu ƒe ʋuƒo dzi), abɔ ƒe lãmetutudɔ hena ɣeyiɣi aɖe, alo dzi ƒe tsotso ƒe dɔmawɔmawɔ nyuie.

2. Alesi Nàwɔ Anyigba Dedie na Hoist Cable, Hook, Strop, alo Basket¶

   [ Hovering Rescue Helicopter (Charged to 100,000 - 300,000 Volts Static) ]
                                  |
                                  |  4.76 mm Braided Steel Hoist Cable
                                  |
                         (DANGER: DO NOT TOUCH IN AIR)
                                  |
                                  v
                       [ Heavy Swivel Hoist Hook ]
                                  |
                                  +---> [ Trailing Grounding Wire / Static Wick ]
                                  |     (Touches Ground/Water 1-2 m Before Hook)
   ===============================+===========================================
      GROUND / ROCK / SNOW / SEA SURFACE (Safe to Touch ONLY After Contact)

Wɔ ɖe ɖoɖo sia dzi le hoist dɔwɔwɔ ɖesiaɖe me: 1. Na Wò Asiwo Nanɔ Wò Axawo Dzi Esi Mɔ̃a Le ɖiɖim: Eɖanye ʋua me dɔwɔlawo ɖiɖi Xɔxɔname ƒe Kplu, ** Xɔname Kplu**, Stokes Gbeɖuɖɔ, Ave me Geɖe, alo Hoist Xɔnametɔ si le agbe o, tsi tre ɖe megbe meta 2 ale be gakpo ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔ si le ʋuʋum la nagaƒo wò ta o. 2. Lala na Anyigba ƒe Anyigba Bliboe: - Akɔbli/ga si wobla si didi meta 1.5 static discharge cable (earthing lead) si le ƒoƒom ɖe wo te. Lala vaseɖe esime lifi ma si mewɔa tɔtrɔ o kple kusia, kɔsɔkɔsɔ, alo xɔnametɔ ƒe afɔkpa ƒe gɔme natsi anyigba, agakpe, sno, alo atsiaƒu dzi sesĩe. - Nu Tɔxɛ - Dry Rock, Fiberglass Boat Decks, alo Dry Powder Snow: Granite ƒuƒu kple fiberglass tɔdziʋu ƒe akpatawo menye elektrik-mɔ̃ nyuiwo o. Le tɔdziʋu si le ƒua dzi me la, Ƒuta Dzɔlawo ƒe dɔwɔlawo atsɔ kɔsɔkɔsɔ/kusia aƒu gbe ɖe dzetsi ƒe atsiaƒu si le tɔdziʋua ƒe ʋuƒoa xa gbã hafi aʋuʋui ɖe wò ʋua ƒe akpata dzi; mègalé kɔsɔkɔsɔa gbeɖe hafi ʋua me dɔwɔlawo nanyrɔe ɖe atsiaƒu me alo ana anyigbadzika la nazɔ ɖe xɔtunu siwo xɔ dzo dzi o. 3. Lé Kadodoa Me Ðe Asi Ne èle Asi Lem (Alo Gbugbɔ Ground Ne Wokɔe): - Esi wònye be rotors siwo le tsatsam la gbugbɔa static voltage dona ɖa le sɛkɛnd ɖesiaɖe si helikɔpta la le dzodzom ta la, ne yameʋukulaa lia meta 2 eye wòkɔ kusia tso anyigba hena sɛkɛnd 5 la, ka la gaxɔa dzo enumake va ɖoa volts 100,000+. Na wòagaka anyigba hafi nàgaka asi eŋu zi evelia.

3. Nusita MELE Be Nàlé Wò Ŋutɔ Wò Karabiner alo Ka Ðe Hoist Hook (The Guillotine Rule) .¶

Le agakpewo lialia kple todzizɔzɔ ƒe xɔname siwo wowɔna le mo siwo le tsitrenu me la, tolialawo dzea agbagba ɣeaɖewoɣi be yewoana kpekpeɖeŋu to kɔsɔkɔsɔ si le ɖiɖim la léle kple woawo ŋutɔ ƒe seke ƒe ʋuƒo alo babla ɖe eme me. - Nusita Esia Wua Ame: Helikɔpta si le dzodzom meta 10 tso agakpe ƒe gli si le tsitrenu gbɔ la ate ŋu adze towo dzi kpata, tsi si aɖiɖi, kple rotor ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe afɔkuwo. Ne helikɔpta la ƒo megbe to ya si le anyigba dzi esime wotso eƒe gakpo si wotsɔ kɔa nu ɖe dzi la ɖe seke si woɖo ɖe agakpe la dzi (alo na toliala si gakpɔtɔ bla ɖe agakpe ƒe seke ŋu) la, woahe yameʋua ƒe ŋɔti ayi anyime ayi agakpe la ƒe mo. - pyrotechnic cartridge cable-cutter (the guillotine) si dzi wokpɔna to switch dzĩ aɖe si le yameʋukulaa ƒe ƒuƒoƒo kple hoist operator ƒe pendant dzi. Ne agbetsilawo bla hoist hook la ɖe nusianu si wotsɔ seke ɖo anyigba alo tɔdziʋua ŋu la, ʋua me dɔwɔlawo atu guillotine la enumake, si atso gakpoa ƒe ka la eye wòadzudzɔ wò xɔname. - Agakpe / Afɔdzideƒe ƒe Dɔwɔna Nyui: Nɔ wò kpe ƒe seke si wotso la ŋu, nàɖe asi eveawo ɖa le hoist hook la ŋu, na helikɔpta la ƒe Winchman / Rescue Specialist naɖiɖi ɖe ka si yi wò ledge gbɔ la dzi, eye na wo natsɔ wò abla ɖe woƒe xɔname ƒe dzogoe etɔ̃ alo harness ŋu hafi aɖe wò tso kpea dzi.

4. Ale Si Nàzã Helikɔpta Hoist Extraction Device Ðesiaɖe (Ne Woɖii Ðe Eme Xɔnametɔ Manɔmee) .¶

Le ya sesẽ, teƒe kɔkɔwo, alo atsiaƒu sesẽ ƒe nɔnɔme kpata siwo me amegbetɔ xɔnametɔ aɖe ɖiɖi wu kpekpeme/ŋusẽ ƒe vovototo alo atsiaƒu ƒe nɔnɔme ƒe dedienɔnɔ me la, helikɔpta la aɖiɖi mɔ̃ aɖe si woɖena le eme la ɖe anyi na wò tẽ:

Akpa 3: Dzesi siwo wokpɔna tso anyigba yi yame kple radio dzi kadodomɔnu¶

Ke ne wò satellite batri ku alo radio mele asiwò o ne helikɔpta si dia amewo le dzodzom le wò balia me ya ɖe? Zã ICAO / IAMSAR / NATO Anyigba yi Yame ƒe Dzesi siwo Wokpɔna siwo woɖo ɖe ɖoɖo nu**:

1. Ŋutilã ƒe Nɔnɔme & Anyigba Panel Dzesiwo¶

1. "Y" Ŋutilã ƒe Dzesi (YES - Need Assistance / Land Here):
2. Tsi tre ɖe teƒea titina eye wò akɔta naɖo ya gbɔ eye kɔ wò abɔ eveawo ɖe dzi le dzogoe si nye dzidzenu 45 dzi le ta dzi awɔ ŋɔŋlɔdzesi la Y.
3. Ne yameʋukulaa nya trɔ mɔ mamlɛtɔ ko la, ɖiɖi ɖe klo ɖeka dzi (The Touchdown Marshal Knee) kple wò akɔta na ya le \(30\text{ m} \times 30\text{ m}\) ƒe ʋuʋu ƒe go si le dziƒo, eye nàlé abɔ eveawo ɖe ŋgɔ hele asi fiam teƒe gbadzaa si woate ŋu aka asi le.
4. "N" / Abɔ Ðeka ƒe Dzesi (NO - Do Not Need Help / All OK):
5. Mègaʋuʋu alɔ ɖeka ɖe xɔnamehelikɔpta si va yina ŋu le vo me gbeɖe be yeado gbe na wò ko o. Ne mèle xaxa me o eye helikɔpta si dia amewo le dzodzom be yealé ŋku ɖe ŋuwò la, lé alɔ ɖeka ɖe dzi eye nàlé abɔ ɖeka ɖe anyi le dzidzenu 45 (N = No assistance needed) esime wòyi edzi le zɔzɔm le mɔa dzi le dziɖeɖi me.
6. Sno / Agakpe ƒe Dzesiwo Si Wotu Anyigba Yi Yame (Minimum 3 Meters / 10 Feet Tall):
7. ** ** .V**: Bia Kpekpeɖeŋu
8. ** ** .X**: Bia Atikewɔwɔ ƒe Kpekpeɖeŋu (Ame Si Xɔ Abi)
9. ** ** .N**: Ao / Nya manyomanyo
10. ** ** .Y**: Ẽ / Nyateƒee
11. ** ** .-> (Aŋutsrɔe Gã)**: Eyi edzi le Mɔ Sia Me

2. Alesi Nàwɔ Atsɔ "9-Line / MIST" LZ Brief To Satellite Text alo VHF Radio dzi¶

Ne èle text message ɖom ɖe SAR dispatch via Garmin inReach / . Apple Satellite SOS alo nuƒoƒo na xɔnamehelikɔpta si le edzi VHF Marine Channel 16 (156.800 MHz) alo 121.5 MHz, ɖo nyatakaka atɔ̃ siawo ɖa: 1. Coordinates + Kɔkɔme: WGS84 pɛpɛpɛ Lat/Long (e.g., 36.5785 N, 118.2923 W) kple kɔkɔme ( .3,400 m / 11,150 ft). 2. Dɔnɔ ƒe Kpekpeme & Xexlẽme: "ŋutsu tsitsi 1 si xɔ abi, 85 kg (187 lb) + 15 kg pack, non-ambulatory; 1 si mexɔ abi o zɔhɛ." (Amekulawo hiã kpekpeme tututu be woabu hover power margin le kɔkɔƒe). 3. LZ Slope & Obstacles: "Wokɔ sno ƒe zikpui si ƒe didime nye 30x30m si didi meta 50 le dɔnɔa ƒe ɣedzeƒe gome; eƒe togbɛ si ƒe didime nye dzidzenu 5 yi anyiehe; pine-ti siwo ƒe didime nye meta 15 le dziehe gome; ka zero." 4. Ya si le anyigba dzi & Nukpɔkpɔ: "Ya tso Ɣetoɖoƒe le 25 km/h (15 knots); dziŋgɔli si me kɔ." 5. Dzesidemɔnu: "Todzizɔla do neon-orange jaketi si dze klo le ya si le dziƒo (Ɣetoɖoƒe) ƒe nugbɔ le LZ."

Akpa 4: Ƒudzihelikɔpta kɔkɔ ƒe dɔwɔwɔwo tso tɔdziʋu sue aɖe, tɔdziʋu si wotsɔa ʋuʋudedi wɔe, alo kayak me¶

Ƒuta Dzɔlawo ƒe tɔdziʋu si le ʋuʋum, tɔdziʋu si me ŋusẽ le, alo ƒudzi kayak (USCG, . RNLI, . MCA, . AMSA) helikɔpta hiã ƒudzideck prep tɔxɛ elabena masts, rigging, kple tɔdziʋu ƒe drift hea afɔku sesẽwo snag.

1. Sailboat vs. Powerboat Dzadzraɖo ɖe Helikɔpta Hi-Line Transfer ŋu¶

1. Ðe Sails Katã ɖe anyi eye nàde Boom la Dedie:
2. Tɔdziʋu si wotsɔa ʋuʋudedi wɔe ƒe ʋuƒo kɔkɔ ( .12 to 20+ meters) wɔa dɔ abe pendulum gã aɖe si le ʋuʋum le yame le atsiaƒu ƒe ʋuʋu ɖesiaɖe me ene, eye wòdoa ŋɔdzi na helikɔpta la be yeaƒo helikɔpta la alo aƒo ɖi gakpo si wotsɔ kɔa ʋuae la.
3. Da tɔdziʋuawo katã ɖe anyi eye nàƒo wo, bla boom gã la sesĩe ɖe anyi ɖe ʋua ƒe akpata alo ketekemɔa dzi ale be wòagate ŋu aʋuʋu o, eye ɖiɖi ƒoƒo ƒe antennawo, outriggers, bimini frames, kple tɔƒodetiwo katã ɖe anyi alo nàbla wo ɖe anyi.
4. Dzra Steerageway Nusɔsrɔ̃a Dzi (Wind 15 to 30 Degrees on the Port Bow):
5. Negbe ɖe yameʋukulaa fia mɔ wò to... VHF Channel 16 be woayi tsia me kuku la, ƒudzimɔzɔzɔ ƒe ɖoɖo si wozãna ɖaa bia be tɔdziʋukulaa natsɔ mɔ̃ ayi ŋgɔ le 5 va ɖo 8 knots kple ya vavãtɔ 15 va ɖo 30 degree le Melidzeƒea (Miame) Bow. Esia ɖea tɔdziʋua ƒe ʋuʋu dzi kpɔtɔna eye wònana ʋukula si le ɖusime zikpui dzi la kpɔa wò ʋua ƒe megbekpa dzi nyuie.
6. Amegãxi "Hi-Line / Trail Line" ƒe dɔwɔwɔ le Deck:
7. Hafi nàɖiɖi gakusi si le wò mast la xa la, ʋufɔtidzikpɔla atsɔ akplo si me kpekpeme le si wotsɔ bla ɖe polypropylene ka tsɛ aɖe si ƒe amadede nye aŋutiɖiɖi (the trail line).
8. NA KPEKPEKPEA NAKA TSI ALOO TSITSI ƑE ƲUƲU GBƆGBƆ, emegbe fɔ ka si ƒe amadede nye aŋutiɖiɖi la eye nàhee wòagbɔ eme esime ʋua me dɔwɔlawo le xɔnamekusi la ɖiɖim ɖo ta wò ʋua ƒe megbe.
9. Mègabla mɔ si ƒe amadede nye aŋutiɖiɖi la ɖe tɔdziʋu ƒe ʋuƒo, winch, alo railing ŋu gbeɖe o, eye mègablae ɖe wò asiwo alo afɔ ŋu gbeɖe o (ƒoe ɖe gaze me alo ɖe ʋua ƒe akpa si me kɔ ale be wòate ŋu axe fe ne helikɔpta la gbã).

2. Ƒudzi Kayaker alo Packrafter Helikɔpta Pickup (Exit the Boat Into the Water) .¶

Ne Ƒuta Dzɔlawo ƒe helikɔpta aɖe va xɔ na wò tso ƒudzi kayak, tɔdziʋu, alo tɔdziʋu sue aɖe si woate ŋu atsɔ ya aƒoe me la: - Mèganɔ anyi ɖe ƒudzi kayak si ƒe kpekpeme le bɔbɔe alo tɔdziʋu si me ya le me gbeɖe le helikɔpta si le dzodzom te tẽ o. Rotor wash si ƒe didime nye kilometa 130 le gaƒoƒo ɖeka me la atrɔ kayak si ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 20 alo atsɔ tɔdziʋu si me ya le la aƒu gbe ɖe yame. - Negbe ɖe tsiƒula si xɔa xɔnametɔ la gblɔe bubui ko hafi, tsɔ zip ƒo wò agbeɖewu (PFD) sesĩe, ƒu du do go le kayak la me yi tsia me, eye nàna tsiƒula si xɔa xɔname la (AST) tsɔa wò dea strop alo kusi si le tsia me la me.

Nutome ƒe xexlẽdzesi siwo ku ɖe nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo ŋu kple dɔwɔƒea ƒe ɖoɖowo¶

Ne èle helikɔpta Didi Kple Xɔname (SAR), zã mɔnu siawo siwo dziɖuɖua da asi ɖo:

• United States kple Canada:
• Anyigba / To SAR: Yɔ 911 alo aʋã ame aɖe InReach / . iPhone Satellite SOS alo 406 MHz PLB (woɖoe to mɔ dzi to AFRCC le U.S.A. alo JRCC le Canada na County Sheriff SAR, Dukɔa ƒe Tsaɖibɔ Dɔwɔƒe NPS Aʋawɔʋu siwo zɔa mɔ kpuie, USAF Pararescue PJs, alo Parks Canada Tsaɖilawo ƒe Dedienɔnɔ).
• Ƒudzi SAR: Tsidzadza United States Ƒuta Dzɔlawo (USCG) alo Canada Ƒuta Dzɔlawo (CCG) le ** dzi.VHF Marine Channel 16 (156.800 MHz)** alo aʋã an EPIRB.
• Fiaɖuƒe Ðeka:
• Ƒo ka 999 alo 112: Bia Kpovitɔwo -> Towo Xɔname le anyigba me, alo HM Ƒuta Dzɔlawo (MCA) le ƒu dzi (VHF Ch 16).
• Europa Dukɔwo ƒe Habɔbɔ & Switzerland:
• Ƒo ka 112 le EU-dukɔwo katã me (PGHM le France la, . CNSAS le Italy la, . Bergwacht le Germany la, . OeBRD le Austria). Le Switzerland la, ƒo ka na ** .1414** na REGA (Swiss Air-Rescue).
• Australia kple New Zealand:
• Ƒo ka 000 le Australia (AMSA asiléƒewo 406 MHz beacons) alo 111 le New Zealand (RCCNZ).
• India kple Asia-Pacific:
• Le India me la, ƒo ka 112 (Indian Air Force / SDRF woɖea nu le teƒe kɔkɔwo). Le Nepal la, te ɖe Tsaɖilawo ƒe Kpovitɔwo ŋu (1144) alo Himalayatɔwo ƒe Xɔnamehabɔbɔ (HRA). Le Japan me la, ƒo ka 110 (Kpovitɔwo ƒe Todzixɔname), . 119 (Dzo/Afɔku Helikɔpta), alo ** .118** (Japan Ƒuta Dzɔlawo).

Nya siwo wobiaa amewo enuenu¶

Nukatae wòle be nàna helikɔpta xɔname ka alo kusi naka anyigba hafi alée?¶

Esi helikɔpta ƒe rotor bladewo le yame ƒom le gaƒoƒo ɖeka me abe kilometa 750 kloe le gaƒoƒo ɖeka me ene la, ya ƒe molecule, ke, sno, alo dze si wotsɔna ƒua gbe ƒe ʋuʋu nana elektrikŋusẽ si meʋãna o si ƒe sesẽme nye volt 100,000 va ɖo 300,000 va nɔa yame ƒe akpa si wotsɔ ga wɔe la dzi. Ne èdo asi ɖe dzi heka asi gakpo ƒe winch ka, kɔsɔkɔsɔ, alo ga xɔnamekusi ŋu esime wògakpɔtɔ le xɔxlɔ̃m le yame la, elektrikŋusẽ ma toa wò asiwo kple wò ŋutilã me yia anyigba alo atsiaƒu me enumake, si naa ʋuʋudedi si ate ŋu agbã wò alo aƒu gbe tso agakpe aɖe dzi. Ne èlala sɛkɛnd ɖeka be anyigba ka alo kusi si le megbe naka anyigba alo tsi la, eɖea static la ɖa dedie.

Aleke gbegbee wòhiã be xɔnamehelikɔpta nate ŋu aɖi dedie?¶

Dumeviwo ƒe yameʋuʋu si wozãna ɖaa alo todzixɔname helikɔpta si mesẽ o (abe Airbus H145 alo Bell 407 ene) hiã be woaɖe teƒe si mɔxenu aɖeke manɔ o si keke meta 30 kple meta 30 (afɔ 100 kple afɔ 100) ya teti ale be eƒe ʋuƒoawo nanɔ adzɔge tso alɔwo gbɔ, kple titina touchdown pad si ƒe kɔkɔme nye meta 10 kple 10 (afɔ 33 kple afɔ 33) le afisi togbɛa le mede dzidzenu 5 va ɖo 8 o. Asrafowo alo Ƒuta Dzɔlawo ƒe helikɔpta gãwo (abe Sikorsky MH-60 Jayhawk alo AW139 ene) hiã be woaɖe teƒe si didi meta 45 va ɖo 60 (afɔ 150 va ɖo 200). Ne teƒe gbadza aɖeke meli o la, ʋua me dɔwɔlawo adzo le yame eye woazã woƒe xɔname ƒe winch.

Nukatae agbadɔ si wotu alo alɔ̃dɔƒe si wotsɔa aŋɔ wɔe si womebla o ɖe helikɔpta ƒe anyidzeƒe gbɔ nye afɔku alea gbegbe?¶

Helikɔpta si le dzodzom la tua ya yia anyime kple duƒuƒu kilometa 100 va ɖo 160+ le gaƒoƒo ɖeka me, si wɔnɛ be ya si wowna yia gota si trɔna yia dzi eye wògatrɔna toa rotor ƒe asikewo tame. Woate ŋu avuvu agbadɔ, tarp, foam mlɔƒe, tsidzadzawu, alo Mylar yamenutomewu ɖesiaɖe si wogblẽ ɖe helikɔpta la gbɔ meta 60 va ɖo 100 (afɔ 200 va ɖo 330) tso anyigba eye woatsɔe ayi mɔ̃a ƒe yaxɔƒe alo asike ƒe ʋuʋudedi si le tsatsam la me, si ana wòadze anyi. Mumu agbadɔwo ɣesiaɣi eye nàda agbawo katã ɖe kpe kpekpewo te hafi helikɔpta la nava.

Nukatae mele be toliala nabla eya ŋutɔ ƒe ka si wotsɔna ƒoa ka alo seke ƒe ka ɖe helikɔpta ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔa ŋu gbeɖe o?¶

Ne toliala aɖe lé helikɔpta la ƒe gakpo si wotsɔ kɔa nu ɖe ​​dzi la ɖe kpe ƒe seke si woɖo ɖe agakpe aɖe dzi (alo etsɔ kɔsɔkɔsɔa bla woƒe ka hafi ɖee le agakpe ƒe sekea ŋu) la, woblaa yameʋu si le dzodzom la ɖe toa ŋu. Ne ya sesẽ aɖe ƒo helikɔptaa ɖe gota alo yi dzi la, ka si le sesẽm la aƒo yameʋua ɖe agakpe ƒe gli la me. Be woaxe mɔ ɖe afɔku nu la, dzodoƒe ƒe ka-tsoƒe ƒe ʋuƒo (guillotine) le xɔnametɔ ɖesiaɖe si eye wòatso gakpoa ne ame aɖe si tsi agbe la bla kɔsɔkɔsɔa ɖe seke si woɖo ɖi ŋu.

Ðe wòle be maklẽ nye akaɖi alo strobe-kaɖi le xɔname helikɔpta me le zã me ale be yameʋukulaa nate ŋu akpɔm?¶

Ðeko nàzã strobe alo signal light vaseɖe esime helikɔpta la nakpɔ wò eye wòatrɔ ɖe wò nɔƒe ŋu; zi alesi yameʋukulaa lɔ̃ ɖe edzi na wò la, tsi strobe-kaɖiwo katã eye mègaklẽ akaɖi, akaɖi, alo laser-kaɖi aɖeke ɖe yameʋukuƒea gbeɖe o. Xɔname yameʋukulawo dzona le zã me do Night Vision Goggles (NVG) siwo doa kekeli ɖe ŋgɔ zi gbɔ zi 10,000. LED-kaɖi ɣi si le keklẽm alo strobe si klẽna ɖe yameʋua gbɔ nana woƒe zã me nukpɔkpɔ ƒe mɔ̃wo dona, si wɔnɛ be yameʋukulawo ƒe ŋku gbã ne wole tetem ɖe wo ŋu. Fia asi akaɖi si ƒe nɔnɔme mede ame dzi o tẽe ɖe wò afɔwo dzi alo ɖe snoa ƒe ʋuƒoa dzi boŋ.

Mɔ ka dzie wòle be mazɔ ne mele tetem ɖe helikɔpta si ɖi to aɖe dzi alo le dzodzom?¶

Lala vaseɖe esime ʋua me dɔwɔla aɖe natsɔ asibidɛ si me kɔ na wò alo aʋuʋu wò ayi eme, emegbe te ɖe eŋu ɣesiaɣi eye nàdzo le helikɔpta la ƒe akpa si ɖiɖi le togbɛa dzi le yameʋukulaa ƒe ŋgɔgbe gome (ga 3 alo ga 9 ƒe nɔnɔme, alo dzidzenu 45 tso ŋɔti gbɔ). Mègazɔ helikɔpta la ƒe akpa si le togbɛ dzi, afisi ʋuƒo gã siwo le tsatsam la nɔa teƒe si te ɖe ta ƒe kɔkɔme ŋu gbeɖe o, eye mègazɔ le ʋua ƒe akpa si te ɖe asike ƒe ʋuƒo ŋu o, afisi asike ƒe ʋuƒo si zɔna kabakaba la medzena le kloe o la megbe gbeɖe o.

Mɔfiame siwo do ƒome kplii¶

• Solo thru-hiker ƒe afɔkpodzi gbagbã, trekking pole splint si wowɔ le wo ɖokui si, kple PLB ƒe dɔwɔwɔ
• Bu esime nèle todzizɔzɔ alo asaɖa me nɔm: DZUDZƆ ɖoɖowɔɖi kple dzesiwo nana
• Tɔdziʋuɖoɖo ƒe ʋuʋu kple tsi fafɛ ƒe agbetsitsi
• Ƒudzi kayak kple paddleboard ƒuta yaƒoƒo kple melimɔ dzi agbetsitsi

Dzɔtsoƒewo kple dziɖuɖumegãwo ƒe mɔfiame¶

• Dukɔwo Dome Ƒudzihabɔbɔ (IMO) & Dukɔwo Dome Dukɔmeviwo ƒe Yameʋuɖoɖo Habɔbɔ (ICAO): Dukɔwo Dome Yameʋuɖoɖo Kple Ƒudzimɔzɔzɔwo Didi Kple Xɔname (IAMSAR) Mɔfiamegbalẽ: Helikɔpta Kɔkɔe ƒe Dɔwɔnawo, Hi-Line Transfers, Kple Anyigba Yi Yame Dzesi Siwo Wokpɔna.
• United States Ƒuta Dzɔlawo (USCG Tɔdziʋudzikpɔlawo & Yameʋuɖoɖo ƒe Agbetsitsi Mɔ̃ɖaŋudɔwɔlawo ƒe Mɔfiamegbalẽwo) & Fiaɖuƒea ƒe Dukɔa ƒe Agbeɖeʋuwo Dɔwɔƒe (RNLI, UK): Helikɔpta ƒe Winch Transfer ƒe Ðoɖowo, Static Electricity Grounding Protocols, kple Deck Dzadzraɖo le Ƒua dzi.
• Dukɔwo Dome Dɔwɔha si Kpɔa Togbɛwo Dzi Xɔnamenyawo Gbɔ (ICAR / . CISA-IKAR) & UIAA (Dukɔwo Dome Tolili kple Tolili Habɔbɔ): Todzixɔname Helikɔpta ƒe Anyigbamama (HLZ) Dzidzenuwo, Dutanuwo ƒe Gbegblẽ ( .FOD) Mɔxexeɖedɔléle nu, kple Cliff Hoist Dedienɔnɔ.
• Dukɔa ƒe Tsaɖibɔ Dɔwɔƒe (NPS Dɔwɔƒewo Dome Helikɔpta Dɔwɔnawo Ŋuti Mɔfiame - . IHOG, United States): Amegbegbe Helispot Tiatia, Density Kɔkɔme Ŋu bubu, Kple Xɔnamemɔnu Kpuie.
• Towo Xɔname England kple Wales (MREW) & Switzerland Yameʋu-Xɔxɔxɔ (REGA): Anyigbadzi Ƒuƒoƒo Dedienɔnɔ Ƒo xlã Xɔname Helikɔptawo le Alpine kple Zã-Nukpɔkpɔ (NVG) Nutomewo.