Zɔzɔ To Glass Ʋɔtru alo Tempered Shower Enclosure Shatter¶

Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe ahuhɔ̃e ƒe afɔku siwo dzɔna le aƒewo, amedzrodzeƒewo, kple akpatawo me la dzena le ŋutilã kple atikewɔwɔ ƒe hatsotso eve siwo to vovo kura me le nenye be ahuhɔ̃ea nye older un-tempered (annealed) plate glass alo egbegbe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dzoxɔxɔ ƒe dedienɔnɔ glass. Le aƒe xoxowo, ɣexɔwo, kple xɔ siwo womegbugbɔ dzra ɖo o siwo wotu do ŋgɔ na egbegbe xɔtuɖaŋu siwo wotsɔa aŋɔ wɔe le dedienɔnɔ me (alo wotsɔa xɔtunu siwo ƒe asi bɔbɔ ɖe wo teƒe) me la, zi geɖe la, wotsɔa annealed float glass wɔa ahuhɔ̃e ƒe akpata ƒe ʋɔtru siwo woate ŋu aʋu, ahomya ƒe ʋɔtruwo, fesre siwo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo le bɔbɔe, kple kɔfi alo nuɖukplɔ̃ siwo wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔe. Ne ɖevi alo ame tsitsi aɖe mete ŋu kpɔ akpata ƒe ʋɔtru dzadzɛ si wotu o eye wòzɔ alo ƒu du to eme, alo bɔbɔ nɔ kplɔ̃ si wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔe dzi la, ʋuƒoa gbãna zua akplɔ gã, kpekpe, si le dzogoe etɔ̃ me ɖaɖɛ abe lãgbalẽŋudɔwɔnu ene. Ne amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii ƒe abɔwo, kɔ, akɔta, alo afɔwo to xɔa me hele hehem ɖe megbe la, dzogoe etɔ̃ siwo le etame siwo le xɔxlɔ̃m la ɖiɖina ɖe anyi abe guillotine ene, eye zi geɖe la, wotsoa brachial artery si le alɔ si le etame, radial kple ulnar arteries si le asibidɛ, carotid artery alo internal jugular vein si le kɔ me, alo femoral kple popliteal ʋukawo le afɔa me, si ana ʋu si dona le lãme na ame si wua ame le aɖabaƒoƒo 2 va ɖo 4 me negbe ɖe wotsɔ tourniquet alo nyaƒoɖeamenu tẽe enumake ko hafi.

To vovo na ema la, wowɔa ahuhɔ̃e ƒe tsileleƒe siwo me xɔtunu mele o, egbegbe akpata ƒe ʋɔtruwo, kple kplɔ̃dzivɔ siwo ŋu wode dzoe le dzoxɔxɔ ƒe nuteɖeamedzi sesẽ te ale be ne wodo kpo nu (tso hinge si mesɔ o, tile ƒe nugbɔ nick, dzoxɔxɔ ƒe ʋuʋu, alo ememe nickel sulfide (\(\text{NiS}\)) kpe si wotsɔ de eme), agbalẽ bliboa wó le eɖokui si kple a tu si le abe tu ene ƒe ƒoƒo ɖe nu sue akpe geɖe siwo le abe kubi ene me ("dicing"). Togbɔ be tempered glass ɖea guillotine daggers gã siwo le annealed plate glass me ɖa hã la, tsileƒe ƒe ʋɔtru si ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 35 va ɖo 50 (pound 75 va ɖo 110) si me xɔtunu mele o si wó ɖe tsileleƒe si me tsi le, si le amama dzi la gakpɔtɔ hea ʋuʋudedi ɖaɖɛ alafa geɖe vɛ, ** glass siwo wotso ɖe akpa vovovowo me ƒe kakɛ gã siwo wotsɔ bla ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu siwo nuteɖeamedzi ememetɔ ** lé ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu, corneal sesẽ duta ŋutilã ƒe ŋku ƒe abixɔxɔ, kple afɔ ƒuƒlu ƒe afɔtiwo ƒe mɔ̃ siwo me afɔɖeɖe tso tsileƒe ƒe aba dzi tsɔa ahuhɔ̃e ƒe kubi siwo ɖa abe lãgbalẽŋudɔwɔnu ene yia afɔkpodzia ƒe gogloƒe. Ne wonya alesi woatɔ te ʋuka siwo me ʋu si dona le ʋuka me si ate ŋu ade ame ƒe agbe afɔku me tso gbadzɛ ƒe ahuhɔ̃e ƒe vuvu me le sɛkɛnd ʋɛ aɖewo ko me, ana ahuhɔ̃e kakɛ si wotso ɖe ati ŋu nali ke evɔ womahee ado goe o, eye nàɖe tsilelela amama si tsi afɔ ƒuƒlu le ahuhɔ̃e me tsileƒe si gbã me dedie la, eɖea amewo ƒe agbe kple nukpɔkpɔ.

Wɔ esia fifia¶

1. Tsɔ enumake, sesẽe tẽ alo asitsatsa ƒe yaƒoƒo ƒe tourniquet ɖe abi ɖesiaɖe si le dzo dam, si le ʋuʋum, alo si le ƒoƒom kabakaba ŋu. Ne ame aɖe zɔ to ahuhɔ̃e ƒe akpata ƒe ʋɔtru nu alo ge to ahuhɔ̃e kplɔ̃ dzi eye ʋu le dodom alo le sisim tso eƒe alɔnu, asibidɛ, ata, alo nyivi me la, te avɔ dzadzɛ alo gauze ƒokpli aɖe ɖe teƒe si ʋu le dodom le tẽ kple asi eveawo, alo da tourniquet sentimeta 5 va ɖo 7 (inch 2 va ɖo 3) ɖe abɔ kple afɔ ƒe abi la tame eye nàbla yaƒoƒomɔ̃a sesĩe vaseɖe esime ʋu si dona katã natɔ keŋkeŋ; kpɔ ɖa ʋu si dona vevie.
2. Mègahe ahuhɔ̃e gã aɖe si do go tso kɔ, akɔta, ƒodo, akɔta, ata, alo ŋku me gbeɖe o. Glass kakɛ si ge ɖe eme goglo la wɔa dɔ abe kork ŋutɔŋutɔ si xea ʋuka kple ʋuka siwo wotso la ene; ehehe do goe hea ʋu si dona le ememe alo ʋukawo me si dzi womate ŋu aɖu o vɛ. Tsɔ nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ ƒo xlã kakɛa ƒe gɔme evɔ màtutu ahuhɔ̃ea ŋutɔ o, eye nàtsɔ nu gãwo ana wòali ke; kpɔ ɖa implement kple embedded duta nu li ke.
3. He amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii (alo na woaɖe afɔ) ɖa le ʋɔtrua ƒe akpa si le etame la ŋu KO NE glass "guillotine" kakɛ siwo le xɔxlɔ̃m le gegem ɖe wo dzi KO, alo nàƒo kakɛ siwo le xɔxlɔ̃m la ɖa ne woate ŋu awɔe evɔ màtso ame aɖeke o KO. Le ʋɔtru si le ʋuʋum si me dzo le ƒe gbagbã me la, glass ƒe dzogoe etɔ̃ gã siwo ɖa abe lãgbalẽŋudɔwɔnu ene zi geɖe nɔa xɔxlɔ̃m le aluminum-mɔ si le etame kple tsɔe ƒu gbe ɖe amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii alo xɔnametɔ si dze klo ɖe ete la dzi le sɛkɛnd ʋɛ aɖewo megbe.
4. Ƒo ka na wò nutoa me xexlẽdzesi kpata (911 le United States kple Canada, 112 le Europa Dukɔwo ƒe Habɔbɔ bliboa me, 999 le United Kingdom) enumake ne ahuhɔ̃e ƒe gododo gã aɖe, ʋukawo me ʋu, kɔ/akɔta ƒe lãɖeɖe, lãkusi ƒe bu, alo ŋku ƒe abi. Na amesi xɔ abi la namlɔ anyi gbadzaa ɖe eƒe akɔta le teƒe si ahuhɔ̃e mele o eye woƒe abɔ si le ʋu ɖum la nakɔ ɖe dzi (ne womegbã alo wotsoe o shard xea mɔ nɛ) eye nàtsɔ avɔ si me dzo le atsyɔ wo dzi atsɔ awɔ avu kple ʋusɔgbɔdɔ; check xexlẽdzesi siwo wozãna kpata eye nàkpɔe ɖa dzidziƒoame.
5. Ne ahuhɔ̃e ƒe tsileƒe ʋɔtru aɖe wó ƒo xlã wò esime nèle amama eye nèle afɔ ƒuƒlu la, TSƆ tsikpe ɖe teƒea eye MÈGAÐO afɔ to anyigba si dzi wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e tsyɔ la dzi o. Tsɔ wò asiwo alo afɔkpa tsyɔ wò ŋkuwo kple mo dzi ne ahuhɔ̃e gakpɔtɔ le gegem, do ɣli be ame aɖe si le tsileƒea godo natsɔ afɔkpa siwo ƒe afɔkpodzi sesẽ kple tsileƒewu ƒuƒu siwo le ɣie vɛ, da afɔkpa ƒe tɔdzisasrã si le ɣie si woxatsa ɖe ŋgɔgbe tẽ ƒe afɔwo, tsɔ ahuhɔ̃e ƒe kubiwo ƒu gbe le wò afɔwo ŋu hafi nàɖe kpekpeme dzi akpɔtɔ, eye nàɖe afɔ ɖe afɔkpaawo me tẽ.
6. MÈGAtutu wò ŋkuwo alo atutu mo kple afɔkpa si me wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e me ke ɖo GBEÐE ne ahuhɔ̃e gbã le wò ta gbɔ o. Mia ŋkuwo, bɔbɔ ɖe ŋgɔ, eye nàna ame aɖe nakɔ tsi fafɛ dzadzɛ blewuu ɖe wò ŋgonu kple ŋkumeʋuʋu siwo wotu dzi be wòaklɔ ahuhɔ̃e me ke si le gbadzaa la ɖa hafi aʋu wò ŋkuwo; ne ʋuʋudedi aɖe le ŋkua me la, kpɔ ŋkua ta nyaƒoɖeamenu aɖeke manɔmee eye nàyi xɔ si me wowɔa dɔ kpata le; kpɔ ɖa ŋku ƒe abixɔxɔ.

flowchart TD
    Start["Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe Glass Gbagbã Kpata"] --> GlassType{"Glass ƒe nudzɔdzɔ kpata ka ƒomevie dzɔ?"}
    GlassType -->|"Wozɔ To Glass Ʋɔtru Me alo Wodze To Glass Table Me"| BleedCheck{"Ðe ʋukawo me ʋu si le dodom alo ʋu si le ƒoƒom kabakaba li?"}
    BleedCheck -->|"Ẽ: Ʋu si Dona le Abɔ alo Afɔkpodzi Sesẽ"| Hemorrhage["1. Kpɔ nyuie le glass guillotine kakɛ siwo wotsɔ he ɖe ta dzi<br/>2. De windlass tourniquet si didi sentimeta 5 va ɖo 7 (inch 2 va ɖo 3) ɖe abɔ kple afɔ ƒe abi<br/>3 tame. Mibla akɔta/abɔta/kɔ ƒe abiwo eye nàtsɔ asi eve ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ<br/>4. Ƒo ka na 911 / 112 / 999 enumake eye nàtsɔ amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii la mlɔ anyi"]
    BleedCheck -->|"Impaled Glass Shard le Kɔ, Akɔta, Ŋku, alo Afɔkpodzi"| Impaled["1. MÈGAHE glass shard si wotsɔ de eme la ado goe o<br/>2. Mia ŋutigbalẽ si ƒo xlã shard ƒe gɔme ŋu sesĩe be nàɖu ʋu ƒe dodo dzi<br/>3. Tu ring-pad alo rolled-gauze ƒe kpeɖeŋutɔ ƒo xlã shard<br/>4. Ƒo ka na 911 / 112 / 999 eye nàna amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii la nanɔ anyi kpoo keŋkeŋ"]
    GlassType -->|"Tempered Glass Shower Ʋɔtru si Wowóna le eɖokui si"| Shower["1. TSƆ tsikpe ɖe teƒea; MÈGAZƆ afɔ ƒuƒlu ato ahuhɔ̃e siwo gbã dzi o<br/>2. Na kpeɖeŋutɔ natsɔ afɔkpa ɣi siwo woxatsa la aɖo anyi eye wòatsɔ afɔkpa siwo ƒe afɔkpodzi sesẽ<br/>3. Brɔs glass ɖa le ɖa/abɔta ŋu eye nàkɔ ta ɖe ŋgɔ (ŋkuwo ʋuʋu)<br/>4. Kpɔe ɖa be asibidɛ/afɔkpodzi ƒe lãkusi goglowo kple ŋkume ƒe ʋuʋudediwo hã le wo ŋu hã"]

Annealed plate glass vs. tempered safety glass: Nusita ʋɔtru kple kplɔ̃ xoxowo wua ame¶

Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe ahuhɔ̃e ƒomevi etɔ̃awo ƒe gbagbã ƒe dzɔdzɔmeŋusẽ gɔmesese ɖe nusitae zɔzɔ to akpata ƒe ʋɔtru xoxo aɖe me alo gege ɖe ahuhɔ̃e kɔfi kplɔ̃ dzi nye aƒeme nuveviwɔame ƒe mɔnu siwo wua ame wu dometɔ ɖeka me:

Ʋu si dona le ame ŋu kpata dzi ɖuɖu ne èzɔ to ahuhɔ̃eʋɔtru aɖe me alo ge ɖe ahuhɔ̃ekplɔ̃ dzi vɔ megbe¶

Atɔ̃ siwo nye ŋutilã ƒe wɔwɔme "wu teƒewo" le plate-glass ƒe ƒoƒo me¶

Ne ame aɖe zɔ alo ƒu du to ahuhɔ̃eʋɔtru si wotu me alo kli nu ɖe kɔfi kplɔ̃ si wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔ dzi la, le dzɔdzɔme nu la, etsɔa eƒe abɔwo kple asiwo ƒua gbe ɖe mo ŋgɔ esime eƒe ta, kɔ, kple lififɔ le gegem to ʋuƒoa me. Ʋukawo kple ahɔhɔ̃mekawo ƒe abi ƒe teƒe atɔ̃ tɔxɛwo hiã be woada wo kpɔ enumake le sɛkɛnd 30 gbãtɔwo me:

1. The Medial Upper Arm and Cubital Fossa (Brachial Artery): Ne amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii ƒe abɔ siwo keke la le ƒoƒom to ahuhɔ̃ea me eye wole ɖiɖim ɖe eme to fesre si le ete si me ʋuʋudedi le dzi alo le hehem ɖe megbe la, ahuhɔ̃ea lãna yia dzi yia abɔta ƒe ʋuʋudedi ememetɔ alo biceps ƒe ʋuƒo ememetɔ me, eye wòtsoa abɔta ƒe ʋuka kple titina/ulnar nerves. Brachial artery si wotso la tsɔa ʋu dzĩ si le keklẽm toa xɔa me eye wònana ʋu si wua ame le aɖabaƒoƒo 3 va ɖo 5 me.
2. Asibidɛ si woyɔna be Volar (Radial kple Ulnar Arteries, Flexor Tendons, kple Median Nerve): Woyɔnae zi geɖe be "spaghetti wrist" le asidɔwɔwɔ me, glass slash ɖeka si le tsia dzi goglo le asibidɛ ƒe akpa si le asibidɛ ƒe akpa dzi ate ŋu atso radial kple ulnar arteries siaa le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me, wo katã nye asibidɛ ƒe flexor tendons, kple median kple ulnar nerves.
3. The Anterior Neck (Carotid Artery, Internal Jugular Vein, and Trachea): Ne amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii ƒe ta ƒu du yi ŋgɔ to ahuhɔ̃ea me alo ne ahuhɔ̃e ƒe dzogoe etɔ̃ si le etame si le xɔxlɔ̃m la ge tso ʋɔtrua tame la, eƒoa kɔa. Tsɔ kpe ɖe ʋuka gã siwo dona tso carotid ʋuka me ŋu la, jular vein si le eme si vuvu ate ŋu ami yame ƒe ya ayi ʋua me le gbɔgbɔ me (fetal venous air embolism).
4. Akɔta ƒe Ŋgɔgbe, Akɔta, Kple Klo ƒe Megbe (Afɔkpodzi kple Akɔta ƒe Ʋukawo): Ne afɔ si wotsɔ lãgbalẽ wɔe la le afɔ tom to ʋɔtrua ƒe afã si le ete si gbã la me alo le gegem to kɔfi kplɔ̃ si wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔe si bɔbɔ me la, ahuhɔ̃e ƒe ʋuƒo siwo fia dzi yi dzi la ƒoa akɔta ƒe ʋuʋudedi (akɔta ƒe ʋuka), ata ememetɔ, alo do si le kloa megbe (afɔkpodzi ƒe ʋuka).
5. Afɔkpodzi (Achilles Tendon kple Posterior Tibial Artery): Ne amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii la to afɔkpo si gbã me eye wòhe woƒe afɔ ɖe megbe, alo ne ahuhɔ̃e gbadzɛ aɖe ƒu du to woƒe afɔ si le ete ƒe megbe la, etsoa Achilles ƒe lãkusi si le afɔkpodzia tame tututu la dzadzɛ.

Afɔɖeɖe ɖesiaɖe ƒe beléle si xɔa ame ɖe agbe le ahuhɔ̃e ƒe vuvu sesẽwo ta¶

Afɔɖeɖe 1: Na nukpɔkpɔa nanɔ dedie tso "guillotine" glass si gena me¶

Hafi nàdze klo ɖe amesi ʋu le dodom le eŋu si mlɔ ʋɔtru alo fesre si woate ŋu aʋuʋu si gbã ƒe agbo nu la:

1. Kpɔ ʋɔtrua ƒe etame kple axadzimɔwo dzi hena ahuhɔ̃e ƒe dzogoe etɔ̃ siwo wotsɔ he ɖe ati ŋu: Ne ahuhɔ̃e si wotsɔ dzo wɔe ƒe akplɔ si ƒe kpekpeme nye kilogram 10 (pound 22) le xɔxlɔ̃m le amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii la ƒe megbe alo kɔ tame le mɔ si ŋu kakaɖedzi mele o nu la, he amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii la ƒe abɔta alo eƒe awuwo yi megbe meta 1.5 (afɔ 5) ɖe megbe le afisi wodze anyi ɖo (na woƒe ta kple akɔta nanɔ ɖekawɔwɔ me) hafi nàdze egɔme beléle nɛ, alo na ame evelia naxatsa jaketi alo zikpui kpekpe aɖe ɖe woƒe asiwo ŋu eye wòaƒo kakɛ si le xɔxlɔ̃m la ɖe gota adzo le amesi ŋu wowɔ nuvevii la gbɔ.
2. Takpɔ wò ŋutɔ wò asiwo kple klowo: Mègadze klo klo ƒuƒlu le ahuhɔ̃e gbagbãwo ƒe ƒuƒoƒo me gbeɖe o; tsɔ abadzivɔ si woxatsa, ʋɔtruti si le ɣie, alo jaketi si woxatsa ƒu gbe ɖe anyigba be nàdze klo ale be màtso wò ŋutɔ wò afɔkpodzi ƒe lãkusi alo afɔkpodzi ƒe ʋukawo esime nèle nya ƒom o.

Afɔɖeɖe 2: Dzudzɔ ʋu si ate ŋu ade wò agbe afɔku me enumake (Hafi nàtsi dzi ɖe lãɖeɖe suesuesuewo ŋu) .¶

Zi geɖe la, ame si wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e siwo wotso gotagome gbogbo aɖewo tsyɔ la dzena ʋu dziŋɔ aɖe tso ta vaseɖe afɔ gbɔ, si ate ŋu ahe eteƒekpɔlawo ƒe susu ɖa le abi ɖeka si me goglo le ʋuka me si le woƒe ʋu ƒe agbɔsɔsɔme si le dodom ŋutɔŋutɔ la dzi:

1. Kpɔ abɔwo, asibidɛwo, kɔ, ata, kple afɔkpodziwo hena ʋu dzĩ si le dodom alo ʋu dzĩ dzẽ ƒe ta si le kekem kabakaba:
2. Ne abɔ kple afɔ ƒe ʋukawo me ʋu le dodom vevie (abɔ si le etame, abɔta/asibidɛ, ata, alo afɔ si le ete):
3. ** Kpɔe ɖa be glass kakɛ gã aɖeke mele dodom le teƒe si tututu nète ɖe edzi o:** Ne abi la nye kakɛ dzadzɛ aɖe si me glass kakɛ gã aɖeke medo go le o la, te gauze dzadzɛ alo kotoklobo ƒe afɔkpa si woxatsa ƒe aŋekotoku ** tẽe kple ŋusẽ ɖe abi si me ʋu le dodom le la me kple asi eveawo**.
4. De abɔ kple afɔ ƒe tourniquet enumake ne nyaƒoɖeamenu tẽ medzudzɔ ʋukawo ƒe ʋuʋu o alo ne ʋu ƒo kabakaba to pad la me: Da yaƒoƒo ƒe tourniquet si wodzrana (abe CAT alo SOFTT-W ene) sentimeta 5 va ɖo 7 (inch 2 va ɖo 3) ɖe glass abi la tame (le abi la kple dzia dome, gbeɖe tẽe ɖe abɔta alo klo ƒe ƒunukpeƒea dzi gbeɖe o tẽe ɖe ahuhɔ̃e aɖe si wotsɔ de eme dzi), he ka la sesĩe, eye nàtrɔ yaƒoƒomɔ̃a ƒe atikplɔa vaseɖe esime ʋu dzĩ si le keklẽm la katã nu tso keŋkeŋ; kpɔ ɖa ʋu si dona vevie.
5. Na kɔ ƒe ʋuʋu goglo (Carotid artery alo Jugular vein):
6. MÈGAbla aŋe si ƒo xlãe alo tourniquet ɖe kɔ ŋu GBEÐE o.
7. Enumake gauze-ka si me dɔlékui mele o, ʋumenugbagbeviɣitike, alo avɔ si woxatsa dzadzɛ tsɔ wò asibidɛ siwo ŋu asigɛ le te ʋu si le dodom le kɔa ƒe axadzi la nyuie**, nàtsɔ wò nyaƒoɖeamenua aɖo megbe vie ɖe vidzidɔa ƒe akɔta tsɔ wu be nàtu tẽe ayi ememe to yaƒoƒomɔ̃a (yagbɔgbɔ).
8. Ne wotsɔ ya si me ya megena ɖo o/si xea mɔ na kɔ ƒe abi alo gauze pad si me tsi le si le kpekpem la nutrenu enumake le asibidɛ ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ me hã xea mɔ na ya be woagamimi ɖe kɔme ƒe ʋuka si vuvu me o (venous air embolism).
9. Na abi goglo si me wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e si wotso ɖe ati ŋu / si wotsɔ de eme la:
10. MÈÐE glass ƒe kakɛa ɖa o, eye MÈGATE ɖe glass la tame tẽ o.
11. Tsɔ wò asibidɛwo ƒo ɖe ŋutigbalẽa dzi sesĩe yi anyime enumake ɖe lãgbalẽgoloa ƒe go eveawo xa be nàmi ʋuka si le ete la, eye nàtu gaze si woxatsa alo avɔ si woxatsa ƒe asigɛwo ɖo ɖe ahuhɔ̃ea ƒe akpa eveawo vaseɖe esime nusi wotsɔ blae la nakɔ wu kakɛa, emegbe nàblae ɖe teƒea nyuie; kpɔ ɖa implement kple embedded duta nu li ke.
12. Na akɔta alo ƒodo ƒe glass lacerations:
13. Ne ahuhɔ̃e me akplɔ aɖe ge ɖe akɔta ƒe gli me eye nèse ya si le no nom alo le ƒoƒom tso abi la me la, tsɔ axa etɔ̃ ƒe yaƒoƒo ƒe nutrenu (alo asitsaƒe ƒe akɔta ƒe nutrenu si me ya le) tsyɔ edzi ne ètutu ahuhɔ̃e si le gbadzaa le anyigba dzi vɔ; kpɔ tension pneumothorax kple nomi akɔta ƒe abi ƒe kpekpeɖeŋunadɔ gbãtɔ.
14. Ne ƒodo ƒe ŋutinuwo do go to ahuhɔ̃e goglo aɖe si wotsɔ ƒo ƒodoa me la, mègatutu wo ɖe megbe o; tsɔ atike dzadzɛ si wotsɔ dzetsi si me dɔlékui mele o alo pɔmpi me tsi dzodzoe dzadzɛ ƒo tsii tsyɔ wo dzi blewu; kpɔ ɖa ƒodo ƒe ʋuʋudedi kple ƒodo ƒe abi si le ʋuʋu ɖi dzi kpɔkpɔ.

Tempered glass shower door alo tabletop ƒe wowó le eɖokui si: Afɔɖeɖe ɖesiaɖe ƒe ame ɖokui ɖeɖe¶

Nukatae tempered glass shower ʋɔtruwo wóna "le susu aɖeke ta o".¶

Ƒe sia ƒe la, tsileƒe akpe geɖe siwo wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔe kple akpata ƒe ʋɔtruwo gbãna wòwóna ne ame aɖe le tsi ƒum alo ne tsileƒea tsi ƒuƒlu keŋkeŋ gɔ̃ hã. Mɔ̃ɖaŋununya etɔ̃e hea kpododonu sia vɛ kpata:

1. Edge damage alo metal-to-glass hardware contact: Tempered glass ƒe ŋutigbalẽ le gota le compression gã me eye ememe core le tension gã me. Togbɔ be tempered glass ƒe mo gbadzaa sesẽ ŋutɔ hã la, eƒe gotagome go siwo le tsɛ lae nye eƒe Achilles ƒe afɔkpodzi. Ne hinge screw aɖe ʋu ale be glass-ʋɔtru kpekpea ƒo eye wòtsɔ eƒe anyime dzogoe ƒo ɖe anyigba tile si wotsɔ anyikpe wɔe ŋu, alo ne ga towel bar clamp bu eƒe rababa gasket eye wòƒo glass la tẽ la, nusuekpɔmɔ̃ ƒe chip aɖe gbã gotagome nutete ƒe teƒea eye wòwó akpa bliboa.
2. Nickel Sulfide (\(\text{NiS}\)) ƒe nusiwo wotsɔ de eme ƒe kekeɖenudɔwɔwɔ le eɖokui si: Le glass wɔwɔ me la, nickel sulfide ƒe nusuekpɔmɔ̃wo ate ŋu atɔ ɖe glass la ƒe titina ƒe teteɖeanyi ƒe teƒea me. Le ɣleti alo ƒe geɖe me (si tsi dzodzoe ƒe dzoxɔxɔ kple dzoxɔxɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ kabakaba) la, nickel sulfide kristalo la trɔna vivivi tso eƒe alpha me yia beta molecule ƒe nɔnɔme me eye wòkekea eƒe lolome ɖe enu 2% va ɖo 4%, eye wòwɔa dɔ abe ememe ʋuƒo si gbãa ʋɔtrua evɔ ame aɖeke meka asi eŋu o ene.
3. Dzoxɔxɔ ƒe nuteɖeamedzi ƒe vovototowo: Tsi dzodzoe si le bibim sisi kabakaba ɖe tsileƒe ƒe ahuhɔ̃e si fa miamiamia si ƒe nugbɔ vuvu la dzi naa dzoxɔxɔ ƒe kekeɖenudɔwɔwɔ si mesɔ o si hea gbagbã vɛ.

Alesi nàwɔ asi le tsileƒe si wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔe si gbã ne èle amama eye mèle afɔ ƒuƒlu o¶

Ne tsileƒe ƒe ʋɔtru si wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔe wó esime nèle tsitre ɖe nudzraƒea me la, wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e kubi siwo ƒe goglome nye sentimeta 2 va ɖo 5 siwo tsyɔ tsileƒea kple tsileƒe ƒe anyigba le gota la ƒo xlã wò enumake, eye ahuhɔ̃e ƒe kakɛ sue akpe geɖe léna ɖe wò ɖa xɔdzo, abɔta, ŋkume, kple afɔwo ŋu:

1. FREZE enumake le afisi nèle tsitre ɖo:
2. Wò ŋutɔ wò afɔtiwoe kpɔa wò afɔkpodzi siwo le ete tẽ la ta fifia tso ahuhɔ̃e si le gegem la gbɔ. Mègakɔ afɔ ɖeka ɖe dzi eye nàɖe afɔ aɖeke o. Ne èɖiɖi kple wò ŋutilã ƒe kpekpeme bliboa ɖe glass cubes siwo xɔ dzo dzi la, etsɔa kakɛ geɖe toa wò afɔkpodzi kple afɔkpodzi ƒe afɔkpodzi ƒe ŋutigbalẽ sesẽa me, eye wòtsoa lãkusiwo eye wòléa wò ɖe anyigba le ʋu kple tsi ƒe ta aɖe me.
3. Na wò ŋkuwo natsi eye nàtsi tsileƒe ƒe pɔmpia ne àte ŋu aɖo egbɔ evɔ màʋuʋu wò afɔwo o ko:
4. Ne ele be nàʋu ŋku la, trɔ ta yi ŋgɔ gbã eye nàzã asi xɔdzowo (ne èklɔ wò asibidɛwo le tsileƒea ƒe ta te vɔ) nàtsɔ atutu ahuhɔ̃e ƒe ʋeʋẽwo le wò ŋkume kple ŋgonu blewuu ale be woagadze ɖe wò ŋkume ƒe ŋkume ne èɖe ŋku ɖe ŋkume o.
5. Yɔ ƒomea me tɔ alo aƒelika aɖe, alo wu solo "towel-bridge" escape:
6. Ne ame bubu le aƒea me: Do ɣli nyuie be: "MÈGAZƆ afɔ ƒuƒlu ayi tsileƒea o. Do afɔkpa ɣiwo, tsɔ tsilewu kpekpe eve kple nye afɔkpawo vɛ, eye nàtutu mɔ aɖe ayi tsileƒea." Na kpeɖeŋutɔa natsɔ tsilelefɔkpa ƒuƒu ƒuƒui si woxatsa la aɖo glass la dzi le wò afɔwo xa tututu eye nàtsɔ wò afɔkpa siwo ƒe afɔkpodzi sesẽ la aɖo afɔkpaa tame. Kɔ afɔ ɖeka ɖe dzi zi ɖeka, tsɔ asifɔkpa dzadzɛ si le vovo tutu wò afɔkpodzi keŋkeŋ tso ahuhɔ̃e kakɛ siwo tsi la me, eye nàɖe afɔ ɖe wò afɔkpa me tẽ hafi nàɖe wò kpekpeme dzi akpɔtɔ.
7. Ne wò ɖeka koe le aƒeme eye telefon aɖeke mele asiwò o: Di avɔ si le kpekpem wu si gbɔ nàte ŋu aɖo (tsilele ƒe afɔkpa kpekpe aɖe si wotsɔ ƒo ɖe gli ŋu, tsileƒe si woxatsa, alo aŋekotoku gɔ̃ hã si woɖe tso eƒe asigɛwo me eye woxatsae wòzu ƒuƒoƒo 6 va ɖo 8). Da afɔkpa si woxatsa alo xɔmetsovɔ si woxatsa la ɖe anyigba le ŋgɔwò tẽ be nàwɔ afɔkpa si mate ŋu ado o, tutu wò afɔ gbãtɔ ƒe gɔme keŋkeŋ hafi nàɖe afɔ ɖe afɔkpaa dzi, eye nàti kpo afɔkpa alo tsileƒe evelia ayi ŋgɔ vaseɖe esime nàɖo afɔkpa gbɔ.
8. Tsɔ ŋutigbalẽ kple ɖa ɖa evɔ màtsɔ glass atutu wò ŋutilã me o:
9. Mègatsɔ afɔkpa aƒu ɖokuiwò gbeɖe to afɔkpa tutu wò ŋutigbalẽ me le glass-tsilele ƒe wowó megbe o; tutu wɔa dɔ abe sandpaper ƒuƒui si ƒoa ahuhɔ̃e me nu suesuesue akpe geɖe siwo womekpɔna o la ɖe wò ŋutigbalẽ ƒe ʋuʋudediwo me goglo ene.
10. Ne ènya tsi tre dedie le afɔkpa siwo ƒe afɔkpodzi sesẽ me le tsileƒe bubu alo anyigba dzadzɛ dzi ko la, tsɔ wò ta ɖo ŋgɔ eye nàtu ŋkuwo nyuie eye nàzã tsi fafɛ si wotsɔ klɔa tsi fafɛ (alo zã duct tape alo lint-roller tape si léna ɖe nu ŋu si wote ɖe edzi vie eye nàkɔe ɖe dzi ne ŋutigbalẽa nya ƒu ko) nàtsɔ akɔ ahuhɔ̃e suesuesuewo ɖa le wò abɔta, abɔwo, kple megbe, emegbe pat tsɔ afɔkpa yeye ƒu gbe blewu.

Lãmetsi, lãmeka, kple ŋku ƒe abixɔxɔ me dzodzro le glass ɖesiaɖe si wotso vɔ megbe¶

Glass si dze abe ɖe wòle sue ene si ƒe didime nye sentimeta 1 (inch 0.4) si wotso** ɖe asibidɛ, asibidɛ, abɔta, alo afɔkpodzi dzi gɔ̃ hã xɔ ŋkɔ le atikewɔwɔ kpata me le esi wòɣlaa lãmeka alo dijitaal lãmeka si wotso 100% ɖe ŋutigbalẽa te, elabena ahuhɔ̃e lãna abe amekoko ƒe aŋetu ene vaseɖe ƒua te ke:

• Kpɔ asibidɛ kple asibidɛ ƒe lãkusi ƒe dɔwɔwɔ kpɔ: Mèzi edzi ɖe vevesese ƒe tsitretsitsi ŋu o, kpɔe ɖa be amea ate ŋu abɔbɔ asibidɛ ɖesiaɖe ƒe nugbɔ kple titina ƒunukpeƒe blewuu (flexor digitorum profundus kple superficialis lãkusiwo), aɖɔ asibidɛ ɖesiaɖe ɖo keŋkeŋ (extensor tendons), eye wòaka asi eƒe asibidɛ si le pinky la ŋu. Ne asibidɛ aɖe ɖiɖi alo mabɔbɔ alo atso dzɔdzɔe o la, wotsoa lãkusi aɖe eye wòhiã be woawɔ dɔ na asi kaba.
• Kpɔ didiƒe ƒe seselelãme kple ʋu ƒe sisi ɖa: Ka asi asibidɛ alo afɔbidɛ ɖesiaɖe ƒe nugbɔ ƒe akpa eveawo ŋu blewuu be nàbia nenye be ese le eɖokui me be esɔ alo le ʋuʋum/ele ʋuʋum (digital nerve injury), eye nàkpɔe ɖa be asibidɛ alo afɔbidɛ ƒe aba la trɔ zu pink le sɛkɛnd 2 me le etete vɔ megbe (capillary refill).
• Te tɔ ɖe edzi be woawɔ X-ray na abi goglo siwo le glass me: Ame geɖe xɔe se vodadatɔe be glass medzena le X-ray me o. Le nyateƒe me la, egbegbe atikewɔwɔ me numekuku ɖo kpe edzi be xɔtuɖaŋu, ʋu, kple aŋetu me ahuhɔ̃ewo katã kloe (eɖanye lifi ka kee le wo me o) me mekɔna o eye wokpɔnɛ nyuie le X-ray gbadza siwo wozãna ɖaa me vaseɖe kakɛ siwo le sue abe milimeta 1 va ɖo 2 ene, evɔ ultrasound ya te ŋu dea dzesi kakɛ suewo gɔ̃ hã. Ele be woawɔ X-ray le glass goglo ɖesiaɖe si woɖe le glass la me le afisi glass la gbã le le kɔdzi alo beléle kpata hafi woatsɔ aŋewo ade eme ale be womatsɔ ahuhɔ̃e si wolé ɖe te la alɔ̃ abi la me o.

Aƒeme ahuhɔ̃ewo ƒe dedienɔnɔ kple mɔxexe ɖe woƒe gbagbã nu ƒe ɖaseɖigbalẽ¶

• **Kpɔ akpata ƒe ʋɔtru siwo katã woate ŋu aʋu, ahomya ƒe ʋɔtruwo, kple fesre siwo bɔbɔ ɖe anyi ɖa be dzogoe aɖe le eme hã.
• Tsɔ 4-mil va ɖo 8-mil si me kɔ xɔtuɖaŋu dedienɔnɔ/dedienɔnɔ fesre film ɖe untempered glass ʋɔtruwo kple kplɔ̃dzivɔwo: Si kpekpe adhesive polyester dedienɔnɔ film trɔa afɔku annealed glass wòzu pseudo-laminated glass si léa kakɛ siwo gbã ɖekae le agbalẽ ɖeka me ne woƒoe.
• De ŋkume ƒe nukpɔkpɔ ƒe dzesiwo ɖe akpata ƒe ʋɔtru siwo le ʋuʋum dzadzɛ dzi: Kpe atsyɔ̃ɖonuwo, tsikpe ƒe fli siwo le tsia dzi, alo UV xevi/ɖevi ƒe dzesiwo ɖe ame tsitsiwo ƒe ŋku ƒe kɔkɔme (meta 1.5 va ɖo 1.7 / afɔ 5 va ɖo 5.5) kple ɖevi/aƒemelãwo ƒe ŋku ƒe kɔkɔme (meta 0.6 va ɖo 0.9 / afɔ 2 va ɖo 3) siaa ale be ame aɖeke nagawɔ vodada a ahuhɔ̃e ʋɔtru si wotu si le dzadzɛ si le keklẽm na ʋɔtru si le ʋuʋu ɖi le megbexɔ me kpekpe aɖe me.
• Dzro ahuhɔ̃e si me xɔtunu mele o ƒe tsileƒe ʋɔtru ƒe hingewo, bumpers, kple ete sweeps me ɣleti sia ɣleti: Kpɔ egbɔ be glass panel la mege ɖe eƒe hinge clamps me o ale be eƒe ete ƒe go naƒo ceramic tile, ɖɔli vinyl bumper strips siwo me kɔ siwo bu, eye mègahe bathrobes xɔdzo kpekpewo ɖe glass ʋɔtru si me frame mele o ƒe etame nu gbeɖe o.
• Mègana ɖeviwo nanɔ anyi, atsi tre, alo abɔbɔ ɖe kɔfi alo akpata me kplɔ̃ siwo dzi wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e ɖo dzi gbeɖe o: Kplɔ̃ siwo wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔe gɔ̃ hã ate ŋu agbã ne wotsɔ anyikpe kplu kpekpe aɖe ƒo wo ɖe eƒe go dzi alo ne aluminum-xɔa ƒe xɔtunu siwo gblẽ la trɔ le kpekpeme si mesɔ o ta.

Nya siwo wobiaa amewo enuenu¶

Ðe fesre, tsileƒe, alo kplɔ̃dzihuhɔ̃e si gbã la dzena le kɔdzi ƒe X-ray si wozãna ɖaa me ne kakɛ aɖe tsi nusi wotso la mea?¶

Ɛ̃. Enye glitoto si bɔ be ele be lifi alo ga kpekpewo nanɔ glass me hafi wòadze le X-ray me. Esi wònye be soda-lime xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe fesre ƒe ahuhɔ̃e dzrowo, tsileƒe ƒe ahuhɔ̃e si me wode dzoe, kple aŋetu ƒe ahuhɔ̃e si me kɔ ƒe ŋutilã ƒe kpekpeme lolo wu amegbetɔ ƒe lãkusi falɛfalɛwo ta la, ahuhɔ̃e kakɛ siwo wotsɔ de eme siwo xɔ milimeta 2 alo esi lolo wu (eye kakɛ akpa gãtɔ va ɖo milimeta 0.5 va ɖo 1) ƒe alafa memama 95 kple edzivɔ dzena nyuie le fotoɖemɔ̃ gbadza siwo wozãna ɖaa dzi, eye atikewɔwɔ ƒe ultrasound si me kɔ nyuie ate ŋu ade dzesii gɔ̃ hã kakɛ suesuesuewo. Na ɖɔkta si kpɔa nudzɔdzɔ kpatawo gbɔ nanya ɣesiaɣi be ahuhɔ̃e ƒe gbagbã gbɔe lãɖeɖea tso eyata woɖea gbe be woawɔ X-ray si me lãkusi falɛfalɛwo le hafi axe abi la.

Nukatae mele be mahe ahuhɔ̃e gbagbã gã aɖe si do tso ame aɖe ƒe alɔnu, afɔ, alo kɔ me la ado goe gbeɖe o?¶

Ne ahuhɔ̃e kakɛ si le abe akplɔ ene ge ɖe kɔ, ata, akɔta, alo alɔnu me goglo la, zi geɖe la, etsoa eƒe akpa aɖe alo keŋkeŋ to ʋuka gã aɖe si me nyaƒoɖeamenu sesẽ le alo ʋuka gã aɖe me, gake ahuhɔ̃ea ƒe titrime ŋutɔŋutɔ gakpɔtɔ nɔa abi la me sesĩe, si ƒoa nugo si vuvu la (tamponade). Ne èhe ahuhɔ̃e kakɛ ma do goe le aƒeme la, eƒe nugbɔ siwo ɖa abe lãgbalẽŋudɔwɔnu ene la lãa lãmeka kple ʋuka siwo te ɖe wo nɔewo ŋu zi evelia ne èle dodom, eye ʋuka si me mekɔ o la dzea ʋu sisi gɔme enumake yia lãkusi gogloawo me alo le ŋutilãa godo kabakaba wu alesi nàte ŋui. Gblẽ ahuhɔ̃e si me goglo la ɖe teƒea pɛpɛpɛ ɣesiaɣi, te ŋutigbalẽ si ƒo xlã eƒe gɔme be wòaxe mɔ ɖe ʋu si dona le eme nu, eye nàtsɔ ga aƒo xlãe vaseɖe esime ʋukawo ƒe amekola aɖe naɖee le amekokoxɔa me.

Nukatae tsileƒe ʋɔtru siwo wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e wɔe la wó ɣeaɖewoɣi le zã titina esime ame aɖeke mele tsileƒe gɔ̃ hã o?¶

Wotrɔ asi le dedienɔnɔ ƒe ahuhɔ̃e si me dzoxɔxɔ le ŋu eye wotu eƒe gota gome le nutete gã me eye eƒe ememetɔ nalé ɖe teteɖeanyi sesẽ si nɔa anyi ɖaa me, abe spring si woxatsa sesĩe ene. Le float-glass wɔwɔ me la, nickel sulfide (NiS) ƒe ɖiƒoƒo suesuesuewo ate ŋu atɔ ɖe titina ƒe teteɖeanyi ƒe teƒe ma me ɣeaɖewoɣi. Le ɣleti alo ƒe geɖe ƒe tɔtrɔ le tsileƒe ƒe dzoxɔxɔ si sɔ me la, nickel sulfide si wotsɔ de eme la toa kristalo ƒe akpa ƒe tɔtrɔ vivivi si nana be nu suesuea kekena alafa memama 2 va ɖo 4; ne keke ɖe enu ememetɔ ma tso titina ƒe teteɖeanyi ƒe liƒo ko la, ahuhɔ̃e bliboa ƒe elastic ŋusẽ si wodzra ɖo la dona le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me, eye wòwóna ʋɔtrua wòzua kakɛ akpe geɖe evɔ gotagome aɖeke megakpɔa ŋusẽ ɖe edzi o.

Aleke mawɔ aɖe ahuhɔ̃e ƒe kakɛ suesuesue siwo womekpɔna o ɖa le nye ŋutigbalẽ me le ahuhɔ̃e si wotsɔ dzoxɔxɔ wɔe ƒe wowó megbe evɔ nyematutu wo ayi ŋgɔe o?¶

Mègatsɔ afɔkpa alo avɔ klɔ wò ŋutigbalẽ gbeɖe o, si wɔa dɔ abe sanding block si naa glass spicules suesuesuewo gena ɖe wò ŋutigbalẽ me goglo wu ene. Ke boŋ gbã, klɔ wò ŋutigbalẽ le tsi fafɛ si le sisim si ƒe nyaƒoɖeamenu sue aɖe te esime nèle wò asiwo ƒom tso ŋutigbalẽa ŋu ale be ke si le anyigba dzi si le gbadzaa la naklɔ tsidzɔƒea, emegbe nàna wò ŋutigbalẽ naƒu keŋkeŋ. Ne wò ŋutigbalẽ nya ƒu ko la, tsɔ duct tape si keke si léna ɖe nu ŋu, packing tape, alo lint-roller sheet si léna ɖe nu ŋu ƒe kakɛ aɖe, tee ɖe ŋutigbalẽa ƒe akpa si nèse le ɖokuiwò me be ahuhɔ̃e ƒe kawo le ƒoƒom le la dzi bɔbɔe ŋutɔ, eye nàɖee tẽe yi dzi; nusi léna ɖe nu ŋu la ahe ahuhɔ̃e me fu siwo do ɖe gota la ado goe le ŋutigbalẽ si le etame la me dzadzɛ.

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Mɔfiame sia naa dzadzraɖo kpata kple kpekpeɖeŋunana gbãtɔ ŋuti nyatakakawo na xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe ahuhɔ̃ewo ƒe gododo kple ahuhɔ̃e siwo wotsɔ dzoxɔxɔ wɔe ƒe gbagbã eye mexɔ ɖe atikewɔƒewo ƒe atikewɔwɔ alo amekoko ƒe ʋusɔgbɔdɔ dzi ɖuɖu teƒe o. Bu kpekpeɖeŋunana gbãtɔ, CPR, kple Stop the Bleed tourniquet nusɔsrɔ̃ si ŋu woda asi ɖo wɔwɔ tso Atitsoga Dzĩ Habɔbɔ, St John Ambulance, Amerika Amekolawo ƒe Kɔledzi, alo miaƒe dukɔa ƒe dedienɔnɔ habɔbɔ gbɔ ŋu.

Mɔfiame siwo do ƒome kplii¶

• Ʋudodo sesẽ kple tourniquet zazã
• Impalement kple embedded duta nu li ke
• Ŋku ƒe abixɔxɔ kple atikewo ƒe sisi
• Ŋku dzro nu, ŋkume ƒe ʋuʋu, kple welding flash
• Lãɖeɖe, ƒoƒo, kple abi suewo dzi kpɔkpɔ
• Dzidziƒoame ƒe dzesidede kple teƒeɖoɖo kpata

Wolé ŋku ɖe dzɔtsoƒewo ŋu¶

• U.S. Nuƒlelawo ƒe Adzɔnuwo ƒe Dedienɔnɔ Dɔwɔha (CPSC, United States): Dedienɔnɔ ƒe Dzidzenu na Xɔtuɖaŋu ƒe Glazing Nuwo (16 CFR Akpa 1201) kple CPSC ƒe Dedienɔnɔ ƒe Nuxlɔ̃ame le Tempered Glass Tsilele ƒe Ʋɔtru si gbã le eɖokui si ŋu
• Amerika Amekolawo ƒe Kɔledzi ƒe Kɔmiti si Kpɔa Nuveviwɔame Gbɔ (ACS COT, United States): Dzudzɔ Ʋusɔgbɔdɔ Dzi Ðuɖu Ŋuti Mɔfiame Siwo Ku Ðe Ʋukawo ƒe Nuveviwɔame ƒe Agbɔsɔsɔme Kple Ʋukawo ƒe Agbɔsɔsɔme Ŋu
• Lãmesẽ Kple Dedienɔnɔ Ŋuti Dɔwɔƒe (HSE, United Kingdom): Dɔwɔƒewo ƒe Lãmesẽ, Dedienɔnɔ Kple Nyonyo Ŋuti Sewo (Sedede 14: Glazing le Ʋɔtruwo, Agbowo, Kple Fesre Siwo Mebɔbɔ O Me ƒe Dedienɔnɔ / BS EN 12600)
• Amerikatɔwo ƒe Asi ƒe Amekoko Habɔbɔ (ASSH, United States): Asibide ƒe Ʋuʋudedi ("Spaghetti Asibidɛ"), Flexor Tendon ƒe Ʋuʋu, kple Glass Dutanuwo ƒe Radiopacity ƒe Dodokpɔ
• Amerikatɔwo ƒe Ŋkudɔléle Ŋuti Nusrɔ̃ƒe (AAO, United States): Ŋku ƒe Nuveviwɔame si Gena Ðe Ame Me Kple Ŋku ƒe Glass Dutalãwo Dzi Kpɔkpɔ