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Amavuta atukura-Ashobora kuburira urumuri mugihe utwaye: Impamvu ufite munsi yamasegonda 60 yo kuzimya moteri mbere yuko ifata

Imibare yihutirwa itandukanye nigihugu. Uru rupapuro rukoresha 911, umubare kuri Amerika na Kanada. Ibindi bihugu byinshi bikoresha 112, 999, cyangwa undi mubare. Shakisha umubare wigihugu cyawe.

Buri mwaka, ibihumbi icumi byabashoferi basenya moteri yimodoka $ 6,000 kugeza 15,000 $ mugihe kitarenze iminota ibiri kubera kutumva kimwe guhitana abantu benshi: kwizera ko ** itukura ritonyanga amavuta-rishobora kuburira itara ** kurubaho bisobanura "moteri yawe iri hafi ya kimwe cya kane kiri munsi ya peteroli, bityo rero ujye mumihanda ikurikira cyangwa gusohoka kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi kugirango uyishyire hejuru." Mubyukuri, ** amavuta yumutuku-arashobora kumurika ntaho ahuriye nibutsa ryoroheje kugura icya kane cyamavuta **. Ni ** Itukura rya peteroli Itukura Kuburira (< 0.3 to 0.5 bar / 4 to 7 psi.

Iyo amavuta akandamijwe ahagaritse kugera kubinyamakuru bya crankshaft hamwe na camshafts hejuru yumutwaro wumuhanda, ** ufite amasegonda hagati ya 15 na 60 ** mbere yuko amavuta yimbibi atangira, guterana gusudira ibyuma bihuza inkoni kugeza kumutwe, kandi ** ifata moteri ikomeye kumuvuduko wumuhanda cyangwa ugahagarika icyuma kigendesha moteri cyangwa ugahagarika icyuma kigendesha moteri cyangwa ugahagarika icyuma cyumubyimba ** icyuma cyangwa icyuma cya moteri ya aluminium (throwing a rod) **, kujugunya amavuta ashyushye kumatuku-ashyushye yumuriro no gutwika umuriro utari munsi. Niba moteri yawe ifashe munzira nyabagendwa cyangwa umwotsi uturutse munsi yumutwe, fungura flashers yawe, inkombe ku rutugu, uhungishe abagenzi bose inyuma yumuzamu, hanyuma uhamagare numero yawe yihutirwa (911 muri Amerika na Kanada, 112 hirya yubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, 999 mu Bwongereza; reba; nimero yihutirwa) no gusuzuma Ubushyuhe bukabije bwimodoka, guhumeka munsi yumutwe, no kurinda gasike, Umukandara wigihe cyangwa urunigi kumuvuduko wumuhanda, na Gusana byihutirwa kumuhanda no gukemura ibibazo.

Kora ubu

  1. ** Fata ikirenge cyawe CYANE kuri pedal yihuta hanyuma uhindukire muri Neutre (N) mumasegonda 2 **: Mugihe a ** ikomeye cyangwa yaka amavuta YUMUKARA-irashobora kuburira itara ** rimurikira (cyangwa ikibaho gisoma STOP ENGINE - Oil Pressure Too Low), zamura ikirenge cyawe cyiburyo kuri pedal ya gaze ako kanya hanyuma usunike uwatoranije ibikoresho kimwe muri ** Ntabogamye (N) ** (cyangwa ukande kuri pedal pedal hasi hasi kumashanyarazi). Gukuramo umutwaro kuri crankshaft no kumanura RPM kuva 2500 RPM kumanuka kugeza kubusa bigabanya ubushyuhe bwo guterana hejuru ya ** hejuru ya 80% ** mugihe ugenda ugana ku rutugu.
  2. ** Ntugerageze "gucumbagira kilometero 1 kugirango usohoke ukurikira" - kurura ku rutugu rukwegereye ako kanya **: Hindura kuri ** flashers yawe yinzira enye **, reba indorerwamo zawe, kandi ukoreshe imbaraga zisigaye mumodoka yawe muri Neutre (N) ku nkombe igororotse ku rutugu rw'iburyo cyangwa ibyihutirwa byihutirwa.
  3. ** Funga moteri OFF ako kanya ikinyabiziga kiva mumurongo wurugendo rukora (cyangwa mugihe uzunguruka buhoro ku rutugu) **: Amapine yawe akimara kwambuka ku rutugu rwa kaburimbo hanyuma ukagenda ugana umuvuduko muke, ** hindura urufunguzo rwo gutwika umuntu ukande inyuma ACC (nta na rimwe LOCK, ifunga ibizunguruka) cyangwa kanda hanyuma ufate i START / STOP buto ** kwica moteri ako kanya, hanyuma feri ushikamye kumurongo ugororotse kugirango uhagarare hanyuma uhindukire muri ** Parike (P) **.
  4. ** Reba munsi yimodoka mbere yo gufungura ingofero (Reba niba akayunguruzo ka peteroli yamenetse, umwobo, cyangwa umuriro) **: Mbere yo kumanika ingofero, kora intera iri kure hanyuma urebe munsi yimbere yimbere na moteri ya moteri.
  5. Niba ubonye inzira ya ** yamavuta yumukara cyangwa amber asuka kuri kaburimbo ** cyangwa ** acrid yubururu-bwera bwamavuta yumwotsi uzamuka uva mumyuka mwinshi wa **, komeza ingofero niba umwotsi mwinshi (gufungura ingofero igaburira ogisijeni mumuriro wamavuta), kwimura abagenzi kuri metero 30 (metero 100), hanyuma uhamagare ikamyo ikurura cyangwa gutabara umuriro.
  6. ** Tegereza iminota 5 kugeza ku 10 nyuma yo kuzimya moteri, hanyuma ukuremo dipstick kugirango urebe urwego rwamavuta **: Iyo imodoka imaze guhagarara neza kubutaka buringaniye kandi nta mwotsi uhari, fungura ingofero, ukuremo amavuta ya moteri ya moteri **, uhanagure neza kuri tissue cyangwa igitambaro, uyisubiremo byuzuye, hanyuma wongere uyikuremo.
  7. ** Niba dipstick yumye amagufwa cyangwa munsi yumutwe wo hasi ** * na * nta kidiba kiri munsi yimodoka, wongeyeho ** litiro 2 kugeza kuri 3 (2 kugeza kuri 3) zamavuta ya moteri ** bityo urwego rwicara hagati ya MIN na MAX ibimenyetso birashobora kugarura amavuta yo gukuramo amavuta (mugihe moteri yafunzwe mbere yo gukomanga cyane).
  8. ** Niba dipstick yamaze kuzura (at the MAX line. Hamagara ikamyo ikurura.

Danger

** Kuki Gutwara amasegonda 60 gusa hamwe namavuta atukura-Umuvuduko wumucyo usenya moteri kandi bigatera umuriro: ** Imbere yimoteri yimbere yimbere, ibinyamakuru byuma bya crankshaft ntabwo bigikora mubyukuri byoroshye aluminium-tin-gurş ihuza-inkoni. Ahubwo, pompe yamavuta ya moteri ** ihatira amavuta akanda (1.5 to 4.5 bar / 22 to 65 psi ku muvuduko munini) muri microscopique ** 0.038-milimetero (0.0015-santimetero) icyuho cyo gukuraho **, bigatera ** hydrodynamic fluid wedge ** idashobora kurenga pisitori ninkoni kuri firime yamavuta. - ** 0.3-Bar (4.3-PSI) Itara-Itara ritukura **: Kuri buri modoka itwara abagenzi, igitutu cyamavuta yinganda ntigishobora no gucana ** amavuta yumutuku-ushobora gucana ** kugeza igihe igitutu cyamavuta kimaze kugwa munsi ya ** 0.25 kugeza 0.50 bar (3.6 kugeza 7.2 psi) ** - munsi ya kimwe cya gatanu cyumuvuduko usanzwe ukora. - ** Ibarura rya 15 kugeza kuri 60-Isegonda ya kabiri **: Muri ** amasegonda 10 ** kuri 2500 RPM hamwe na zeru ya peteroli, firime ya peteroli isigaye irashira; na ** amasegonda 20 kugeza 30 **, byoroshye gutwara ibishishwa bigera 300 degrees Celsius (572 degrees Fahrenheit), gusiga nk'umugurisha (spinning a rod bearing), hanyuma utangire inyundo cyane (rod knock); na ** amasegonda 45 kugeza kuri 60 **, inkoni ihuza ifata inshuro zose hanyuma ikubita ingumi ya moteri, gutera 130-degree-Celsius (266-degree-Fahrenheit) amavuta ya moteri kuri 600-degree-Celsius catalitike ihindura kandi isohora ibintu byinshi.

Igiti cyemezo: Kuburira amavuta yumutuku vs vs amavuta yumuhondo urwego rwo kuburira triage

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    ColorCheck -->|"UMUHondo / AMBER Amavuta arashobora hamwe n'umurongo wa Wavy munsi (cyangwa 'Reba urwego rwa peteroli kuri peteroli ikurikira))"| YellowLevel["Amavuta Yumuhondo Muto URUBUGA (Crankcase ni litiro 1/1 Igihembwe gito, ariko Umuvuduko wamavuta uracyari bisanzwe)"]
    ColorCheck -->|"Amavuta atukura arashobora (Gukomera cyangwa Kumurika) cyangwa 'Hagarika ENGINE - Umuvuduko wamavuta cyane.'"| RedPressure["CYIHUTIRWA CY'INGENZI: Ibiciro bitukura bya peteroli bitukura Kuburira (<0.4 bar / 6 psi) - Munsi yamasegonda 60 kugirango ifate moteri"]
    YellowLevel --> YellowAction["Umutekano wo gukomeza gutwara mu buryo butagereranywa kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi cyangwa gusohoka (Muri kilometero 15 kugeza kuri 50) -> Parike kurwego rwurwego -> Tegereza 5 Min -> Reba Dipstick & Ongeramo 0.5 kugeza 1.0 Litiro yamavuta meza"]
    RedPressure --> Step1["1. Kura ibirenge byihuta ako kanya + Hindura kuri Bidafite aho bibogamiye (N) kugirango Uhagarike Moteri RPM & Umutwaro"]
    Step1 --> Step2["."]
    Step2 --> Step3["3. Kwica Moteri Ako kanya Rimwe ku rutugu + Fata neza kugirango uhagarare (Tegereza pedal ikomeye nyuma ya pompe 2)"]
    Step3 --> InspectUnder{"4. Reba munsi yimodoka mbere yo gufungura Hood: Amavuta asohoka cyangwa kunywa itabi?"}
    InspectUnder -->|"Yego: Puddle yamavuta munsi yimodoka cyangwa umwotsi wubururu"| CatastrophicLeak["Akayunguruzo k'amavuta yamenetse, Ikubye kabiri-Igikoresho, Amavuta yamenetse, cyangwa Cooler Hose -> NTUGASUBIZE -> Hamagara Ikamyo"]
    InspectUnder -->|"Nta Puddle munsi yimodoka"| CheckDipstick{"5. Tegereza iminota 5 & Kurura Dipstick (Cyangwa Kugenzura Urwego rwa elegitoroniki): Urwego rwa peteroli rurihe?"}
    CheckDipstick -->|"Dipstick Amagufa Yumye / Munsi Yinama + Ntakomanga"| StarvedPump["Amavuta Yamavuta Yashonje Munsi ya Pickup Tube -> Ongeramo litiro 1.5 kugeza kuri 2.5 (Quarts) yamavuta ya moteri ya API / ACEA -> Incamake 3-Isegonda Itangira"]
    CheckDipstick -->|"Dipstick Yerekana Yuzuye (Hagati ya MIN na MAX) CYANGWA Gukomanga Byinshi Byuma"| DeadPump["Kunanirwa kwa pompe yamavuta, ecran ya peteroli yafunzwe, cyangwa kuzunguruka -> NTUGASUBIZE moteri -> Hamagara Flatbed Tow"]

Umutuku na Umuhondo na Amatara ya Wrench: Menya ibimenyetso 3 byerekana mbere yuko wangiza moteri

Amatara yo kuburira akurikira gukurikiza isi yose ** ISO 2575 / UNECE Amabwiriza No 121 ** ibara ryumuhanda-urumuri rwamabara (** Umutuku = Akaga ako kanya / Guhagarika moteri ako kanya **; ** Umuhondo / Amber = Ubujyanama / Kugenzura vuba **). Kwitiranya ibi bimenyetso bitatu byamavuta nikosa rimwe rihenze cyane umushoferi ashobora gukora:

Ikimenyetso cyo kuburira ikimenyetso & ibara Niki sensor itera Ibibera imbere muri moteri nonaha Igikorwa nyacyo gisabwa na shoferi
** 1. GUKURIKIZA AMAFARANGA Amavuta arashobora (Solid or Flashing Red) *
 (Akenshi biherekejwe na chime ikomeye cyangwa STOP - Oil Pressure Low inyandiko) *		 ** Umuvuduko wamavuta Hindura / Transducer ** yinjiye mububiko bukuru bwa peteroli cyangwa umutwe wa silinderi (triggers when pressure drops below 0.25 to 0.50 bar / 3.6 to 7.2 psi, cyangwa munsi 1.2 bar / 17 psi hejuru ya 2000 RPM kuri sisitemu ebyiri za VW / Audi / BMW). ** Gutakaza Urupfu rwo Gusiga Amavuta **: Yaba isafuriya yamavuta yarumye cyane (3+ quarts low cyangwa kumeneka gukabije) ko pompe yamavuta ya pompe yonsa umwuka, cyangwa ** pompe yamavuta / pickup ecran / igitutu cyumuvuduko wananiwe ** nubwo isafuriya yuzuye amavuta. Kwambara ibyuma-byuma bibaho buri segonda. ** Hagarika Ako kanya (<60 Amasegonda) **: Kuramo gaze, wimure kuri ** Utabogamye (N) **, inkombe ku rutugu neza aho uri, na ** funga moteri OFF **. Ntutware izindi metero 500.
** 2. UMUHondo / AMBER Amavuta arashobora hamwe n'umurongo wa Horizontal munsi ya *
 (Cyangwa inyandiko: Check Engine Oil Level / Add 1 Quart Oil - Can Continue Driving) *		 ** Ultrasonic cyangwa Thermal Oil Level Sensor ** yashyizwe munsi yisuka rya peteroli (* isanzwe kuri BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Audi, VW, Porsche, Subaru, Volvo, GM, Ford *). ** Urwego rwa peteroli ni 0.8 kugeza 1.0 litiro (1 Quarti) Hasi Yuzuye **: Haracyariho amavuta menshi mumasuka kugirango itwara pompe yamavuta ya pompe yarohamye mugihe cyo gutwara ibisanzwe, bityo ** umuvuduko wamavuta nibisanzwe 100% **, ariko urwego rwamanutse kuri MIN akamenyetso kuri dipstick. ** Umutekano wo gutwara kuri Sitasiyo ya Serivisi ikwegereye **: Irinde inguni zikomeye, imisozi ihanamye, cyangwa RPM ndende (which could slosh the low oil away from the pickup tube), hagarara kuri sitasiyo ikurikira cyangwa ububiko bwimodoka muri kilometero ** 30 kugeza kuri 50 (kilometero 20 kugeza 30) **, hanyuma wongereho ** 0.5 kugeza 1.0 litiro (0.5 kugeza 1.0).
** 3. Amavuta yumuhondo arashobora hamwe na Wrench / Spanner CYANGWA "Oil Change Required" / "Maintenance Due" Inyandiko ** ** Odometer & Moteri-Igenzura Algorithm ** (counts kilometers, cold starts, and fuel burned since last oil service reset). ** Gahunda yo Kwibutsa Yateganijwe Gusa **: Ntakosa rya sensor rihari; imodoka irakwibutsa gusa ko watwaye ibirometero 8000 kugeza 15.000 (kilometero 5000 kugeza 10,000) kuva amavuta yawe aheruka guhinduka. ** Gutwara Ubusanzwe **: Teganya amavuta asanzwe no kuyungurura mumirometero magana ari imbere.

Ibibaho isegonda-isegonda imbere muri moteri iyo itara ryumuvuduko wamavuta atukura

Kuki abakanishi bashimangira ko ugomba guhita ukurura urutugu hanyuma ukica moteri muri ** munsi yamasegonda 60 ** aho gutwara iminota 2 (3 kilometers / 2 miles) Kuri ubutaha? Dore igihe nyacyo cyubukanishi imbere muri moteri ya kijyambere 4, V6, cyangwa V8 ikora kuri 2500 RPM (41 crankshaft revolutions per second) nyuma yumuvuduko wamavuta ugabanutse munsi ya ** 0.3 bar (4.3 psi) **:

  1. ** Amasegonda 0 kugeza 10 (Top-End Camshaft & Turbocharger Inzara) **:
  2. Kuberako ** hejuru ya camshafts **, ** ihindagurika rya valve igihe (VVT) faseri **, na ** turbocharger shaft ** bicaye kumwanya muremure wa moteri kure ya pompe yamavuta, babura amavuta yambere.
  3. Niba moteri yawe yongerewe ingufu, ** turbocharger turbine shaft izunguruka kuri 120.000 kugeza 180.000 RPM ** kuri firime ireremba amavuta ya moteri. Muri ** amasegonda 5 kugeza 10 ** yumuvuduko wa peteroli ya zeru mukuzamura, ikinyamakuru cya turbocharger shaft kirashyuha, gitanga amanota yacyo ya bronze, kandi cyemerera ibyuma bya compressor guhuza inzu ya aluminium.
  4. Icyarimwe, hydraulic valve iterura (lash adjusters) gusenyuka hamwe nigihe cyumunyururu hydraulic tensioner itakaza umuvuduko, ikabyara ** byihuse ibyuma byihuta cyangwa urusaku (tick-tick-tick-tick) ** uhereye hejuru ya moteri.
  5. ** Amasegonda 10 kugeza 25 (Guhuza-Inkoni Yamavuta Amavuta-Gusenyuka & "Kuzunguruka Umuyoboro") **:
  6. Kuri crankshaft hepfo, buri piston irasa hepfo hamwe na ** 15,000 kugeza 25.000 Newtons (3,300 kugeza 5,600 pound) yingufu zo gutwika ** inshuro 20 kumasegonda.
  7. Kubera ko nta mavuta mashya yinjizwa mu gucukura imbere mu kinyamakuru crankshaft, firime ya microscopique ya peteroli ishyushya dogere selisiyusi 230 (dogere 446 Fahrenheit) **, kokiya muri karubone, no guturika.
  8. Ikinyamakuru crankshaft ikinyamakuru gikora ku buryo bworoshye ** tri-metal babbitt ihuza-inkoni ifite igikonyo **. Ubuvanganzo bwiyongereyeho ** 1.000 ku ijana , kogoshesha akantu gato kerekana ku gishishwa cyiziritse ku buryo uduce twafashe twarekuye ku nkoni ihuza hanyuma tukazenguruka imbere mu nkoni ( "kuzunguruka inkoni ifite" **), bikumira umwobo wa peteroli burundu.
  9. ** Amasegonda 25 kugeza 45 (Byumvikane Byimbitse Byinyundo "Rod Knock" & Aluminiyumu) **:
  10. Inkoni imaze kuzunguruka no gushonga, ** 0.5-milimetero kugeza kuri milimetero 1.5 icyuho ** irakingura hagati yinkoni ihuza hamwe no guta igikona.
  11. Igihe cyose iyo silinderi irasa kandi igasubira hejuru yumutwe wacyo, inkoni ihuza ikubita mu gikonjo nkumuhoro ukubita anvil - itanga amajwi ** asakuza, yimbitse, yinjyana ya metani yo gukomanga (CLANK-CLANK-CLANK-CLANK) ** ibyo byihuta iyo ukoze kuri pedal. Kuri ubu, ikinyamakuru crankshaft cyatsinzwe kirenze gusanwa byoroheje kandi ibyuma byogosha bizenguruka moteri yose.
  12. ** Amasegonda 45 kugeza 90 (Gufata Welding Fiction cyangwa "Gutera Inkoni" Binyuze kuri moteri) **:
  13. Haba piston itukura-ishyushye yaguka imbere murukuta rwa silinderi yumye na ** friction-weld (seizes) moteri yapfuye ikomeye ** kuburyo itangira idashobora na rimwe kuyisubiza inyuma, CYANGWA ibishyushye bishyushye bihuza-inkoni ifata igice cya kabiri kuri 2500 RPM, ikubita icyuma cyacitse gihuza inkoni kuruhande nka flail na ** gukubita umwobo ufite ubunini buke ukoresheje icyuma cyangwa icyuma cya moteri ya aluminium (windowing the block) **.

Ikizamini cyo kwisuzumisha "Amavuta atukura yumucyo gusa kuri Idle / Hagarika Itara"

Byagenda bite niba amavuta atukura-ashobora gucana ** gusa ahindagurika cyangwa akaza mugihe utinze kugera ahagarara kumatara itukura (at 650 RPM idle) **, hanyuma ** ihita isohoka ukimara gukora kuri pedal ya gaze na moteri RPM yazamutse hejuru ya 1200 RPM **?

Warning

** Kuki Itara ryamavuta atukura rihindagurika gusa Mubusa Bishyushye Niburira Byingenzi: ** Mugihe amavuta ya moteri ashyuha kugeza ubushyuhe bwuzuye bwa dogere selisiyusi 95 kugeza 110 (dogere 203 kugeza 230 Fahrenheit) ** nyuma yiminota 15 yo gutwara umuhanda, ubwiza bwayo buragabanuka nkamazi. Muri icyo gihe, pompe yamavuta ya mashini itwarwa neza na crankshaft, iyo rero ugeze ahagarara moteri RPM ikamanuka ikava kuri ** 2,500 RPM ikamanuka ikagera kuri 650 RPM **, ingano ya pompe yamavuta yagabanutseho ** 75% **. - ** Gusuzuma 1 - Crankcase Ni litiro 2,5 kugeza kuri 3.5 (Quarts) Hasi kuri Amavuta **: Iyo ufashe feri cyane kugirango uhagarare, litiro 1 yamavuta asigaye hepfo yisafuriya iranyerera igana kure ya pompe yamavuta ya pompe, bigatuma pompe yonsa umwuka mumasegonda 3 kugirango itara ryamavuta atukura ryaka. ** Funga moteri, reba dipstick nyuma yiminota 5, hanyuma wongeremo amavuta. ** - ** Gusuzuma 2 - Mugaragaza Amavuta Yikuramo Amavuta, Amavuta Yuzuye Amavuta, Amavuta Yambaye, cyangwa Kunanirwa $ 25 $ Guhindura Amavuta **: Niba dipstick yuzuye ** yuzuye (at MAX) **, nyamara itara ritukura rihindagurika kubusa, umuvuduko wamavuta uragenda neza kuri ** 0.3 bar (4.5 psi) ** iyo hashyushye. Ntugatware ikinyabiziga munzira nyabagendwa - gukurura neza kandi ukore igipimo cyumukanishi wamavuta yumubiri ukoresheje igipimo cya mashini hanyuma ugenzure icyerekezo cya peteroli yoherejwe.

Kugenzura umuhanda 5 kugirango ukore NYUMA yo kuzimya moteri neza

Umaze guhagarara neza mumihanda hamwe na flash flasher hanyuma moteri ikazimya, kora iri genzura ryintambwe 5 yintambwe ** kugirango umenye niba wabuze amavuta hanze cyangwa wagize ikibazo cyumuvuduko wimbere:

Reba 1: Wabonye gusa Amavuta Yahindutse mumasaha 24 ashize? . "

Imwe mumpamvu zikunze gutera itara ryamavuta yumutuku gitunguranye kumuhanda bibaho ** mumirometero 5 kugeza kuri 50 (kilometero 3 kugeza 30) nyuma yihuta ya lube cyangwa DIY ihinduka **: - ** Kuzunguruka kabiri-Kuzunguza Amavuta Muyunguruzi **: Iyo akayunguruzo gashaje kayunguruzo kayunguruzo, reberi yacyo yumukara O-ring gasketi yagumye itagaragara kuri moteri. Iyo filteri nshya yashizwe hejuru hejuru yimpeta ya reberi ishaje, gasketi ebyiri za rubber zafashe igitutu muminota 10 kugeza igitutu cya peteroli (4 bar / 60 psi) yahanuye gaze ya reberi kuruhande, avoma ** litiro 4.5 zose (5 quarti) yamavuta ya moteri kumuhanda mumasegonda 20 **. - ** Gucomeka Amavuta Yatakaye cyangwa Kubura Plastike ya Cartridge Filter O-Impeta **: Reba munsi ya moteri ya moteri; niba amavuta mashya ya zahabu-amber arimo gutemba munsi ya subframe na bumper yinyuma, imiyoboro yawe yamazi yasubiye inyuma cyangwa akayunguruzo O-impeta. ** Ntutangire moteri - hamagara iduka ryakoze amavuta kugirango wohereze ikamyo ikurura. **

Reba 2: Wigeze Utwara hejuru ya Curb, Umuvuduko Wihuta, Urutare, cyangwa Ibinogo? (Amavuta ya Aluminiyumu yamenetse)

Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho (* cyane cyane Volkswagen Golf / Jetta / Passat, Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Honda Civic / Accord, Subaru, na Hyundai / Kia *) zifite ** cast-aluminium cyangwa kashe ya peteroli yo hepfo ** imanika ** santimetero 11 kugeza kuri 14 (santimetero 4,5 kugeza kuri 5.5) hejuru yimodoka ya asfalt **. - Bitandukanye nisafuriya yamavuta yicyuma ishaje gusa iyo ikubise urutare, igice cyurubura, cyangwa igifuniko cya manhole yarohamye, isafuriya ya ** yamenetse-aluminiyumu cyangwa isafuriya yamavuta ya pulasitike yamenetse nkicyayi **, ikajugunya amavuta ya moteri kumuhanda mumasegonda. Niba wunvise urusaku munsi yibiziga byimbere amasegonda 30 mbere yuko itara ryamavuta atukura riza, reba munsi ya bamperi yimbere kugirango ubone icyuzi cyamavuta yumukara.

Reba 3: Kuramo Dipstick (Cyangwa Soma Urwego rwa elegitoroniki Urwego Urwego) hanyuma urebe Ibara, Urwego, numunuko

Tegereza ** iminota 5 ** kugirango amavuta mumutwe wa silinderi asubire inyuma mumasafuriya, gukuramo dipstick, uhanagure neza, wongere ushiremo inzira yose, hanyuma uyikuremo:

Ibyo ubona kuri dipstick y'amavuta Icyo bivuze Igikorwa cyumutekano kumuhanda
** 1. Impanuro ya Dipstick Yumye Byuzuye (Amavuta ya Zeru ku Nkoni) & Nta pisine munsi yimodoka ** Moteri yatwitse cyangwa isohora amavuta gahoro gahoro ibirometero ibihumbi kugeza isafuriya yamavuta yagabanutse ** litiro 2,5 kugeza kuri 3.5 (quarts) munsi ya **, ikingura umuyoboro wa pompe yamavuta. Niba ufunze moteri ako kanya ** mbere ya ** ikintu cyose cyakomanze cyane cyatangiye, usuka ** litiro 2 kugeza kuri 3 (quarts) yamavuta ya moteri ** mumutwe wuzuza kugeza dipstick isomye hagati MIN na MAX irashobora kubika moteri.
** 2. Urwego rwa Dipstick Nibisanzwe (Between MIN and MAX), Amavuta asa na Amber isanzwe / Umuhondo / Umukara ** Isafuriya yuzuyemo amavuta, bivuze ko pompe yamavuta ya ** itubaka igitutu ** (ecran ya pikipi ifunze mumasafuriya, urunigi rwa pompe yamavuta / ibikoresho, ibyuma bifasha igitutu gifunguye, cyangwa icyuma gikoresha amavuta ya peteroli 25). ** NTIWONGERE AMavuta ** (kuzuza hejuru MAX itera uburemere bwa crankshaft gukubitisha amavuta ifuro ryuzuye umwuka, byangiza umuvuduko wamavuta byihuse). ** Ntutware - gukurura imodoka. **
** 3. Dipstick Yuzuye Inzira Hejuru MAX kandi asa na Milky Tan nka Kawa Milkshake ** ** Coolant Yavanze namavuta ya moteri ** ikoresheje igitutu cyumutwe, umutwe wa silinderi wacitse, cyangwa icyuma gikonjesha amavuta kugeza kumazi. Glycol ikonjesha isenya amavuta kandi ikosora ibyuma mu minota mike. ** NTUGASUBIZE INGINGO. ** Hamagara ikamyo ikurura; reba Ubushyuhe bukabije bwimodoka, guhumeka munsi yumutwe, no kurinda gasike.
** 4. Dipstick Yuzuye hejuru MAX, Byoroheje / Byiruka, kandi binuka cyane lisansi mbisi ** ** Gukoresha Ibicanwa Bikabije ** (* bisanzwe murugendo rugufi-guterwa inshinge GDI moteri ya turbo mu gihe cy'itumba *): lisansi idatwitswe yogejwe hejuru ya piston impeta mu isafuriya y'amavuta, inanura 5W-30 amavuta kugeza ubwo ububobere bwayo bwasenyutse kandi bugatera urumuri ruke. ** Ntugatware umuvuduko wumuhanda **; saba amavuta na filteri bihindurwe ako kanya hanyuma ugenzure kashe ya pompe yumuvuduko mwinshi.

Reba 4: Amategeko Yihutirwa Yumuhanda Amavuta Hejuru-Hejuru (Nshobora gukoresha Viscosity Yose Mugihe cyihutirwa?)

Niba dipstick yawe yari yumye amagufwa kumuhanda wa kure hanyuma ukagenda kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi cyangwa ibendera umumotari ufite ** gusa10W-30 cyangwa 5W-40 amavuta ** mugihe capa yawe yamavuta igaragaza 0W-20 cyangwa 5W-30: - ** Amavuta ya moteri nyayo aruta ayandi mavuta **: Mugihe cyihutirwa aho igikonjo cyawe kiri munsi ya quarti 2,5, ** amavuta ya moteri ya API / ACEA / peteroli ya mazutu (0W-20, 5W-20, 5W-30, 10W-30, 5W-40, synthique cyangwa ibisanzwe) ** irashobora kuvangwa neza muri moteri yawe kugirango uzane dipstick hejuru ya MIN/MAX zone itekanye kandi ikugeza murugo. - ** NTIBIZIGENDE GUSUKA MUMUKORO W'AMAFARANGA Yuzuza **: Ntuzigere usuka ** feri ya feri (DOT 3/4) **, ** umuyaga wogeje umuyaga **, ** antifreeze / coolant **, cyangwa ** amazi yohereza byikora (ATF) ** muri moteri yamavuta yuzuza ijosi.

Reba 5: 3-Isegonda "Umva & Reba" Ongera utangire Ikizamini (Gusa niba Dipstick Yumye kandi Wongeyeho Amavuta)

Niba kandi gusa niba (a) wafunze moteri mumasegonda make yumucyo utukura ugaragara, (b) nta kidiba kiri munsi yimodoka, kandi © dipstick yari yumye hanyuma wongeyeho ** 2 + litiro (quarts) yamavuta mashya ya moteri ** rero dipstick isoma hagati MIN na MAX: 1. Wicare ku ntebe yumushoferi ufite idirishya ryamanutse na radio irazima kugirango wumve moteri neza. 2. Tangira moteri na ** komeza ikiganza cyawe kurufunguzo cyangwa START/STOP buto mugihe ureba amavuta atukura-arashobora gucana no kubara 1 - 2 - 3 amasegonda **. 3. ** Gutambuka **: Muri ** amasegonda 2 kugeza kuri 3 **, pompe yamavuta primes, ** amavuta yumutuku-arashobora gucana OFF burundu **, hanyuma moteri igahita ikora neza, ituje idafite zero ikomanga. Rekeraho gukora iminota 2 mugihe ugenzura munsi yamenetse mbere yo gutwara witonze. 4. ** Kunanirwa **: Niba ** amavuta yumutuku-ashobora kumurika kumasegonda 4 ashize ** CYANGWA urumva ** urusaku rwinshi rukomanga cyangwa urusaku rwinshi **, ** funga moteri OFF ako kanya ** hanyuma uhamagare ikamyo ikurura.

Tip

Reba amavuta ya moteri yawe dipstick inshuro imwe mukwezi mugihe lisansi - cyane cyane kuri moteri ya turubarike, mile-mileage, cyangwa moteri yatewe inshinge, ishobora gukoresha litiro 0.5 0.5 (0.5 quarti) yamavuta kuri kilometero 1.500 kugeza 2000 (kilometero 1.000 na 1200) ** hagati yimihindagurikire yamavuta. Bika icupa rya litiro 1 (1-quarti) ifunze icupa ryamavuta ya moteri yawe ya moteri ** hamwe numuyoboro wimpapuro mumufuka wuruhande rwigiti cyawe, hanyuma utekereze gufata inzira kumutekano wumuhanda hamwe nubufasha bwambere buva muri Croix-Rouge, Ambulance ya St John, cyangwa club yigihugu itwara ibinyabiziga.

Inomero zihutirwa zo mukarere hamwe na protocole yikigo

Intara / Igihugu Umubare wihutirwa & Ubuyobozi bwumuhanda Gufata Moteri / Kumeneka Umuhanda & Porotokole yamenetse
** Amerika & Kanada ** ** 911 ** (Irondo ry'umuhanda / umuriro niba umwotsi cyangwa uhagaze kumurongo wa Live); ** 511 ** (Irondo rya serivisi ya Freeway); ** AAA (1-800-222-4357) ** / ** CAA (1-800-222-4357) ** Kwimura kutabogama (N) ako kanya kugirango ubungabunge umuvuduko uzunguruka ku rutugu rw'iburyo mbere yuko moteri ifunga. Niba amavuta yajugunywe mumihanda nyabagendwa (itera impanuka ikomeye ya moto n'imodoka) cyangwa umwotsi uva kuri hood, hamagara ** 911 ** ako kanya kugirango Patrol Patrol na DOT bashobore gukoresha amavuta.
** Ubwongereza ** ** 999 ** cyangwa ** 112 **; ** Umuhanda munini w'igihugu (0300 123 5000) **; ** AA (0800 88 77 66) ** / ** RAC (0330 159 1111) ** Ukurikije amategeko y’imihanda yo mu Bwongereza (Itegeko 275) **, inkombe yasigaye ku rutugu rukomeye cyangwa agace kihutirwa ka orange (EA), gusohoka unyuze ibumoso (nearside) umuryango inyuma ya bariyeri, hanyuma uhamagare ** 999 ** cyangwa ukoreshe terefone ya SOS kumuhanda - cyane cyane iyo amavuta yatembye (Oil Spill on Carriageway) yasigaye ku nzira nyabagendwa.
** Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi ** ** 112 ** (Numero yihutirwa ya Pan-Burayi); ** ADAC (+49 89 22 22 22) ** / ** OAMTC (120) ** Iyo Rote Olkannen-Leuchte (Oldruck zu niedrig) kumurika kuri Autobahn cyangwa Autoroute, gukuramo ibinyabiziga (Neutral / Clutch In), inkombe kugera kuri Standstreifen (igitugu gikomeye), shyira ikoti yawe yerekana (Warnweste), shyira inyabutatu yo kuburira ** metero 150 ** inyuma, hanyuma utangaze amavuta yose yo mumuhanda yamenetse (Olspur) kugeza ** 112 **.
** Australiya & Nouvelle-Zélande ** ** 000 ** (Ositaraliya) / ** 111 ** (Nouvelle-Zélande); ** NRMA (13 11 22) ** / ** RACV (13 11 11) ** / ** AA NZ (0800 500 222) ** Kuramo burundu bitumen kuruhande (wirinde ibyatsi birebire byumye niba moteri cyangwa umuyaga ushushe kandi amavuta ava, ashobora gutwika umuriro), funga moteri ako kanya, hanyuma uhamagare ** 000/111 ** niba umwotsi cyangwa amavuta yo mumuhanda ahari.
** Ubuhinde & Aziya-Pasifika ** ** 112 ** (Ubuhinde); ** 1033 ** (Umuhanda wa NHAI); ** 110/119 ** & ** JAF (#8139) ** (Ubuyapani) Hindura utabogamye, inkombe ku rutugu rw'ibumoso (India/Japan/Singapore/Australia drive on the left), fungura amatara ya hazard, shyira mpandeshatu yo kuburira byibuze metero 50 kugeza 100 inyuma yimodoka, kandi ntugatangire moteri ikomanga.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa

Kuki itara ryanjye ritukura ryumuvuduko wamavuta ryaje nyuma NYUMA ya moteri yanjye yamaze guhagarara kumuhanda?

Niba moteri yawe ihagarara mbere (kurugero, kubera pompe yamavuta yananiwe, sensor ya crankshaft, cyangwa alternatif) mugihe urufunguzo rwo gutwika rugumye mumwanya wa ON / RUN, itara ryamavuta yumutuku wumuvuduko hamwe numucyo wo kuburira batiri bizahora bimurika byihuse. Kuberako pompe yamavuta ya mashini izunguruka gusa mugihe crankshaft ya moteri ihindutse, moteri iyo ari yo yose ihagaze hamwe nurufunguzo mumwanya wa ON ifite 0 psi yumuvuduko wamavuta. Niba moteri yahagaze ituje nta rusaku rukomanga kandi dipstick yerekana amavuta yuzuye, itara ryamavuta yumutuku rirahari gusa kuko moteri idakora.

Nigute imodoka yanjye ishobora kugira amavuta ya zeru kuri dipstick mugihe nta kidiba cyamavuta kiri muri garage yanjye kandi itara ryubururu / umuhondo rito ryamavuta ntirigera ryaka?

Ubwa mbere, ubwinshi bwimodoka yabayapani, koreya, nabanyamerika (harimo Toyota, Honda, Nissan, Hyundai, Kia, Mazda, na Ford) NTIBIFITE sensor ya elegitoronike yumuhondo murwego rwamavuta - bafite gusa umutuku utukura wamavuta ategereza kugeza isafuriya imaze kuba 75% yubusa kandi yonsa mbere yo gufungura. Icya kabiri, impeta za piston zigezweho hamwe na kashe ya turbocharger irashobora gutwika litiro 0,5 (0,5 quarti) yamavuta buri kilometero 1.500 unyuze mucyumba cyaka hamwe na catalitike ihindura imyuka itagaragara itarinze gutonyanga igitonyanga na kimwe mumavuta kumuhanda wawe.

Byagenda bite se niba imodoka yanjye (nka BMW, Audi, Mercedes, Porsche, cyangwa Subaru / Volvo nshya) idafite amavuta yumubiri munsi ya hood?

Imodoka nyinshi zigezweho zi Burayi zasimbuye icyuma munsi ya hood dipstick hamwe na menu ya ultrasonic ya elegitoroniki yamavuta imbere muri ecran ya infotainment (munsi yimodoka -> Urwego rwa peteroli ya moteri). Ariko, niba ubutumwa bwibutsa amavuta ya RED bugaragara kuri ecran, NTUKORESHEJWE iminota 2 yuburyo bwa elegitoronike yo gupima urwego, bisaba gukora moteri mugihe ifite umuvuduko wa peteroli zeru kandi izasenya ibyuma. Ahubwo, funga moteri ako kanya, genzura munsi yimodoka kugirango ubone icyuzi cyamavuta, hanyuma ukuremo imodoka - cyangwa, niba uzi ko moteri yakoresheje amavuta kandi ikaba idatemba munsi yacyo, ongeramo litiro 1 (quarti 1) yamavuta mbere yo kwipimisha muri make.

Birashoboka ko amadolari 20 yamavuta ya peteroli ashobora gucana itara ryamavuta atukura nubwo moteri ifite umuvuduko mwinshi wamavuta?

Nibyo, umuvuduko wamavuta wohereza ibintu ukoresha diaphragm yimbere imbere irashobora guturika cyangwa kumeneka amavuta binyuze mumashanyarazi ya plastike, bigatera umuburo wibitutu wamavuta atukura kumurongo. Ariko, uhereye ku cyicaro cyumushoferi kuri 100 km / h (62hh), ntibishoboka kuvuga itandukaniro riri hagati ya sensor 20 yananiwe na pompe yananiwe kugeza amasegonda 30 arangiye moteri ifata. Buri gihe ujye ufata itara ryamavuta yumutuku nkibintu byihutirwa: funga moteri ako kanya, reba dipstick, hanyuma urebe kuri peteroli ya peteroli kuri moteri kugirango urebe niba amavuta ava mumashanyarazi.

Kuki ari ngombwa kwimukira muri Bidafite aho bibogamiye (N) mbere yo kuzimya moteri itakaza umuvuduko wa peteroli cyangwa itangiye gufata kumuvuduko munini?

Niba moteri ifashe bikomeye kubera inzara ya peteroli mugihe ihererekanyabubasha rigikora muri Drive (cyangwa mu bikoresho byoherejwe n'intoki), gufunga gutunguranye kwa crankshaft gutambutsa impanuka nini ya rezo-torque ikoresheje moteri ishobora gukurura cyangwa gusimbuka ibiziga bigenda kuri kaburimbo itose cyangwa ikonje kandi igasiga ikinyabiziga cyihuta cyane mumodoka. Kwimura muri Bidafite aho bibogamiye (N) byabanje gukuramo moteri kuva kumuziga, bigatuma imodoka yawe igenda neza kandi ikagera kure ku rutugu rwumuhanda kugirango uhagarare neza na nyuma yo kuzimya moteri.

Kuyobora

Inkomoko nubuyobozi

  • Umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku bipimo ngenderwaho (ISO) & Komisiyo y’ubukungu y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe Uburayi (UNECE): * ISO 2575 & Amabwiriza ya UNECE No 121 - Ibinyabiziga byo mu muhanda: Ibimenyetso byo kugenzura, ibyerekana, no kuvuga imigani (Umuvuduko w’amavuta ya moteri itukura na Amber Moteri Urwego rwo Kuvuga-Ibipimo) *.
  • Sosiyete y'Abashakashatsi b'Ibinyabiziga (SAE International): * SAE J300 & Hydrodynamic Journal Yerekana Amavuta - Amavuta ya Filime Ntarengwa (MOFT) hamwe no gusenyuka ku mipaka munsi y'igitutu cya Zeru *.
  • Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil-Club (ADAC, Ubudage): * Rote Olkannen-Leuchte wahrend der Fahrt (Ibitutu bya peteroli itukura mugihe utwaye): Sofortmassnahmen gegen Motorschaden und Kolbenfresser *.
  • Ishyirahamwe ry’imodoka muri Amerika (AAA) & Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe serivisi z’imodoka (ASE): * Gusuzuma moteri ya Lubrication Sisitemu yo Gusuzuma, Inzara y’amavuta ifite uburyo bwo kunanirwa, hamwe n’amasezerano yihutirwa yo guhagarika umuhanda *.
  • Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda (NHTSA, Amerika): * Ahantu h’imodoka zihagarara, Guhuza-Rod guhagarika icyuho cy’iperereza ry’amavuta munsi y’amavuta, hamwe n’uburyo bwo guhagarika umuhanda *.