Inzitizi y'Umwuzure na Sandbag Ubwubatsi: Igipimo cya Pyramide Igipimo, Ikariso ya Polyethylene, Ikariso yo Kugenzura, hamwe na Sitasiyo ya Drain¶

Iyo amazi yinzuzi azamutse, imyuzure yuzuye yo mumijyi, cyangwa inkubi y'umuyaga yibasiye inkombe zibangamiye umutungo wawe, inkingi ihagaritse yihuta yimifuka yuzuye umusenyi wuzuye ushyizwe kumuryango wumuryango ntuzabura kunanirwa muminota mike, kunyerera inyuma cyangwa gutembera munsi yumutwaro wa hydrostatike mugihe amazi yumwuzure icyarimwe azenguruka urukuta rwose akoresheje imirongo yubutaka idakingiye, hasi yubutaka. Ikirushijeho kuba kibi, kugerageza "gukama-umwuzure" urugo rufite ubujyakuzimu burenze metero 0,91 (metero 3.0) ** hejuru yurwego rwimbere rutanga hydrostatike izamuka hamwe nigitutu cya masonry (over 8.9 kPa / 187 lbs per square foot kuri base) ishobora gutobora inkuta zo hasi zubatswe zidafite ingufu imbere cyangwa kureremba igisate cyose nkubwato. Niba umwuzure umaze kwiyongera byihuse murugo rwawe cyangwa niba abayobozi batanze itegeko ryo kwimuka, hita uhita wimuka ahantu hirengeye, ntuzigere utwara cyangwa ngo unyure mumazi yimuka, hanyuma uhamagare numero yawe yihutirwa (911 muri Amerika na Kanada, 112 hirya yubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, 999 mu Bwongereza) ukoresheje iyacu nimero yihutirwa ububiko. Huza iyi nyubako-yubuyobozi hamwe niyacu imyuzure yumwuzure, gutondekanya piramide, gufunga umuryango wa plastike, hamwe nuyobora ibyuma bisubiramo, flash imyuzure irokoka, imyuzure yiteguye no gukira, na umwuzure wo munsi yubutaka amashanyarazi nububiko Kuyobora.

Kubaka inzitizi yumwuzure ifata amazi mubyukuri bisaba kubahiriza ibipimo byamazi ya hydraulic yapimwe na ** US. Ingabo za ba injeniyeri (USACE) ** na ** FEMA (Publication P-259 / P-312 / P-936) : 1. ** Kuzuza imifuka ya polypropilene iboshye kugeza 50% kugeza 66% gusa (16 to 18 kg / 35 to 40 lbs) ** rero imifuka iringaniye muguhuza umusego woroshye; 2. ** Gushyira mu bikorwa USACE 3:1 Base-to-Height Pyramid Ratio. 3. ** Gupfunyika isura yumwuzure muburyo bukomeza 6-mil to 10-mil (150-to-250-micron) polyethylene yamabati yipima ** iremereye kumano kugirango ikore kashe ya hydrostatike; na 4. ** Gufunga inzira yimbere yimbere byinzira ** ukoresheje ** Sump Pump Swing / Kugenzura Imiyoboro Yamasoko **, ** Amacomeka yo Kwagura Ibikoresho bya Rubber **, cyangwa ** Hydrostatike Floor-Drain Standpipes ** kugirango amafaranga yimyanda ya komine adashobora kwuzuza inzu yawe imbere.

Kora ubu¶

1. ** Kurikiza FEMA 0.91-Metero (3-Ikirenge) Imipaka yumye-yumwuzure ()Never Over-Shield an Unreinforced Wall). CMU. Gabanya inzugi z'umuryango n'inzitizi zerekeranye nurukuta rw'inyubako zo guturamo kugeza kuri metero 0,6 kugeza kuri 0.9 (metero 2 kugeza kuri 3) ** uburebure.
2. ** Uzuza imifuka gusa 1/2 Kuri 2/3 byuzuye (16 to 18 kg / 35 to 40 lbs) hanyuma usige ijosi ryo hejuru ridafunguye (keretse mbere yo gutwara kuri pallets). Kuzuza ibisanzwe **35 cm x 65 cm (14 in x 26 in) umufuka wakozwe na polypropilene ** igice kimwe gusa kiragufasha kuzinga umuhogo wubusa munsi yuburemere bwumufuka ("tucking the flap") hanyuma ukandagire igikapu muburyo bunini, buringaniye buringaniye bubumbabumbwe muburyo bumwe.
3. ** Kuramo urupapuro rukomeza rwa 6-mil (150-micron) cyangwa 10-mil urupapuro rwumukara polyethylene rwambukiranya umuryango / urukuta RWA MBERE kugirango rukore "L-Shusho" idakoresha amazi (Skirt) MBERE YO GUKORA UMUKINO W'UMusenyi umwe. Shyira ku mpande zo hejuru ya plastike cm 30 (santimetero 12) hejuru y’amazi ateganijwe, uyamanure hejuru yurukuta hanyuma usohokane hejuru yubutaka ** 0.9 kugeza kuri metero 1,2 (metero 3 kugeza kuri 4) ** kuruhande rwumwuzure, shyira piramide yawe yumusenyi wambere hejuru yumwenda wubutaka utambitse kugirango uyimanike hasi, hanyuma uzenguruke igipfundikizo cyinyuma hejuru yimifuka ifashwe munsi yumufuka wanyuma.
4. ** Shyira amasomo mu buryo bwuzuye "Amatafari / Kwiruka-Bond" (USACE 3:1 Base-to-Height Pyramid) hanyuma ukandagire buri mufuka umwe. ** Shyira inzira yo hasi uburebure (parallel to the direction of water flow), gushira flap yuzuye ituzuye ** munsi yumufuka ureba hejuru ((into the oncoming current) ** bityo amazi atemba ntashobora gufata no gukurura flap. Shyira buri mufuka ushikamye hamwe na bote yawe kugirango ufunge ingano zumucanga, hanyuma uzimye buri cyiciro cyakurikiyeho kuri ** ½ umufuka wuburebure ** nkamatafari yububiko.
5. ** Shira cyangwa uhagarike imiyoboro yose yo hasi, imiyoboro yo hasi yo hasi, hamwe nu musarani wo hasi MBERE YUKO amazi yo hanze azamuka.H) ihindura imyanda mbisi ikanyura mumazi yo hasi cyane. Shyiramo ** ibyuma-bicyuma / umuringa wububiko bwa T-ikiganza cyo kwagura igeragezwa ** imbere muri buri cyuzi cyo hasi, cyangwa usunike ** ** metero 1,2 (metero 4) Gahunda 40 PVC Floor-Drain Standpipe ** mumuhogo wamazi kugirango bangane umutwe wa hydrostatike utarinze kwuzura hasi.
6. ** Menya neza niba pompe yawe ya pompe igenzura Valve ikora kandi ushireho Bateri ya 12V DC Yibitse cyangwa Sisitemu ikoreshwa na Amazi. ** Reba vertical 1.5-cm (38 mm) Umuyoboro wa PVC usohoka uva mu rwobo rwawe: wemeze umwambi kuri ** Swing / Acecetse Kugenzura Valve ** amanota ** UP (away from the pit) **, genzura 3/16-inch (4.8 mm) umwobo urwanya anti-airlock wacukuwe hejuru yisoko rya pompe * imbere * mu rwobo, hanyuma urebe ko umuyoboro usohoka hanze urangira byibuze metero 3 (metero 10) uvuye ku musingi ** hejuru y’imyuzure iteganijwe.

Igiti cyemezo: Guhitamo no gukora injeniyeri iburyo bwumwuzure no kwirinda gusubira inyuma¶

Koresha iki cyemezo cyubwubatsi bwubushakashatsi kugirango ushushanye inzitizi zo hanze ya geometrie hamwe na kashe yimbere yimbere ukurikije ubujyakuzimu buteganijwe hamwe na anatomiya.

flowchart TD
    FloodAlert["Kuburira Umwuzure Byatanzwe: Biteganijwe Ubujyakuzimu bw'amazi & Isuzuma ry'umuvuduko"] --> DepthCheck{"Ubujyakuzimu bw'amazi buteganijwe ni ubuhe?"}
    DepthCheck -->|"<= 0.3 m (Ikirenge 1): Kureka Urupapuro rutemba / Urugi rw'umuryango"| DoorwayWrap["SHAKA IKIMENYETSO CY'UMURYANGO: Shyira 6-Mil Poly Skirt Hejuru Ikadiri & Hanze 1m -"]
    DepthCheck -->|"0,3 m kugeza kuri 0,9 m (Ikirenge 1 kugeza kuri 3): Ubujyakuzimu bwuzuye"| PyramidWall["UKORESHE 3: 1 DIKE ya PYRAMIDI: Gucukura 10cm x 45cm Umuyoboro uhuza -"]
    DepthCheck -->|"> 0,9 m (> Ibirenge 3): Kwinjira cyane / Umuvuduko mwinshi"| StructuralLimit["BIKURIKIRA 3-AMAFARANGA YUMVE-FLOODPROOFING LIMIT: Urukuta rwo guturamo rudafite ingufu ruzasenyuka cyangwa rureremba -> Kwimura abantu & Kwimura ibintu by'agaciro mukigorofa yo hejuru"]
    DoorwayWrap --> SewerCheck{"Inyubako ifite Inzu yo hasi, Imiyoboro ya Slab, cyangwa Ubwiherero bwo hasi?"}
    PyramidWall --> SewerCheck
    SewerCheck -->|"Yego: Imiyoboro y'imbere munsi yicyiciro cyumwuzure"| DrainTriage{"Ese Ikibanza cyawe Cyibanze Cyibanze / Gishimangirwa Kurwanya?"}
    SewerCheck -->|"Oya: Hejuru ya Crawlspace / Pier Foundation"| SumpVerify["Kugenzura Imiyoboro Yimbere & Hagarika Hanze-Urwego HVAC / Amashanyarazi yamashanyarazi"]
    DrainTriage -->|"Yego: Icyapa kigezweho"| MechanicalPlug["SHYIRA MU BIKORWA BIKORESHWA BIKORESHWA BIKORESHWA: Wrench Cast-Iron T-Handle Amacomeka y'Ibizamini mu miyoboro yo hasi + Reba Valve kuri Sump + Umusarani wo munsi wa Sandbag"]
    DrainTriage -->|"Oya."| StandpipeMethod["SHAKA 1.2-METERO (4-FT) PVC YAHAGARITSWE MU GIKORWA CY'IGIHUGU: Emerera Inkingi y'amazi kuzamuka imbere mu muyoboro kugira ngo ihwanye na Sub-Slab Hydrostatike idafite umwuzure."]

Igice cya 1: UKORESHE umufuka wumucanga hamwe na piramide yububiko bwa tekinike (The 3:1 Rule)¶

Urukuta rw'umucanga ntirubuza amazi imbaraga z'umwenda; ifata amazi inyuma ya ** irwanya ubukana bwogosha ($ tau = sigma cdot tan phi \() hamwe nuburemere bwapfuye-uburemere ** burwanya ingufu za hydrostatike ya horizontal (\) F_H = frac {1} {2} rho g (H kare) $) y'amazi y'umwuzure.

1. Ibikoresho by'isakoshi, Uzuza ibikoresho, na 50% to 66% Fill Amategeko¶

• ** Ibisobanuro by'isakoshi: ** Koresha ** 14 muri x 26 muri (35 cm x 66 cm) ikozwe muri polypropilene (WPP, byibuze 800 to 1,600 hours UV inhibitor) ** imifuka cyangwa imifuka ya burlap itavuwe.
• ** Ibikoresho Byuzuye Byuzuye: ** ** Isuku, yoroheje-yo hagati yubaka umusenyi cyangwa umwobo-Run Masonry Sand ** (utarimo amabuye manini ya kaburimbo arenga cm 1,2 / 0.5 muri, abuza umufuka gufunga cyane no gutobora membrane polyethylene). Irinde ibumba ryagutse ryuzuye (rihinduka rikeye kandi ryoroshye iyo ritose, ukareka guterana hagati yimifuka) kandi wirinde hejuru yubutaka / umuyaga (ureremba kure).
• ** Impamvu ugomba kuzuza imifuka gusa 1/2 Kuri 2/3 Byuzuye (16 to 18 kg / 35 to 40 lbs): **
• Umufuka wuzuye igice kirambuye kugeza muburebure bwashyizweho bwa santimetero 10 (santimetero 4) z'uburebure na santimetero 25 (santimetero 10) z'ubugari na santimetero 45 (santimetero 18) z'uburebure **.
• Iyo ikandagiye ahantu, umucanga urekuye imbere uhinduranya kuruhande kugirango wuzuze burundu v-shobuja yimifuka ibiri munsi yacyo, bigatuma habaho igice kimwe cya kabiri kidahuza ibumba rimeze nkigifunga.
• ** Ntugahambire umugozi mu muhogo w'isakoshi niba wuzuza ku rubuga: ** Guhambira umufuka bitera uruzitiro rukomeye "ugutwi no gupfundika" bisiga imiyoboro y'amazi. Kureka hejuru ya cm 20 (santimetero 8) z'umufuka ubusa kandi udafunguye, hanyuma uzenguruke iyo mpandeshatu yubusa iringaniye neza munsi yumufuka nkuko uryamye. *.

2. UKORESHE 3:1 Base-to-Height Pyramid Ratio & Bonding Trench¶

Kumurongo wumusenyi wubusa cyangwa urukuta rwa perimetero hejuru ya metero 0.3 (amasomo ⅓) **: - ** The 3:1 Amategeko (Base Width = 3 × Height).approx. 25 cm wide x 10 cm high), amasomo yawe yo hasi agomba kuba arimo ** nkimifuka myinshi muruhande rumwe mubugari kuko hariho urwego ruhagaritse muburebure ** (cyangwa $ W _ { inyandiko {shingiro}} hafi 3 inshuro H $). - ** Gucukura "Umuyoboro uhuza" (Keyway) ku Rukuta ku butaka / Ibyatsi: ** - Amazi yumwuzure akoresha ingufu nyinshi za hydrostatike iburyo bwubutaka (the toe). Niba ushyize imifuka yumucanga hejuru yicyatsi kinyerera cyangwa kaburimbo yoroshye, amazi asiga amavuta yo hepfo hanyuma akanyerera urukuta rwose inyuma (sliding shear failure). - Mugihe wubaka umwanda cyangwa isafuriya, kura ibyatsi bitanyerera hanyuma ucukure igicucu ** Umuyoboro uhuza (Keyway) Santimetero 10 (santimetero 4 / umufuka wimbitse) kuri santimetero 45 kugeza kuri 60 (ubugari bwa 18 kugeza 24 / imifuka 2) ** kumurongo wo hagati wurukuta rwawe. Shira inzira yambere yimifuka munsi yumwobo kugirango urukuta rufungurwe mubutaka.

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|     USACE 3:1 PYRAMID SANDBAG WALL + 6-MIL POLYETHYLENE SKIRT DETAIL    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                     [Course 4: 1 Bag Wide Top Cap]      |
|   FLOODWATER SIDE               +-----------+                           |
|   (Hydrostatic Head H)          |   BAG 4   |   [Course 3: 2 Bags Wide] |
|          ===                 +--+--------+--+--------+                  |
|      =========approx. approx.             /|   BAG 3   |   BAG 3   |     DRY SIDE     |
|   ===============approx. approx.         / +--+--------+--+--------+--+  (Building    |
|  [6-Mil Poly Skirt]       / /|   BAG 2   |   BAG 2   |B2|   or Doorway) |
|  Folded Over & Anchored  / / +--+--------+--+--------+--+--+            |
|  by Counter-Weight Bag  / / /|   BAG 1   |   BAG 1   | BAG1| [Course 1: |
|  +---------+           / / / +-----------+-----------+-----+  3-4 Wide] |
|  | ANCHOR  |==========/=/=/================================             |
|  +---------+  [6-Mil Polyethylene Apron Under Base] | BONDING TRENCH    |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

3. UKORESHEJE Imbonerahamwe Yumubare Wumubare (Per 30.5 Meters / 100 Linear Feet cyangwa Per 3-Foot Doorway)¶

Igice cya 2: Ubwubatsi 6-Mil umwenda wa polyethylene ("Amazi adafite amazi")¶

Urukuta rw'umucanga rudafite plastike rusohoka ruva ku gipimo cya ** 4 kugeza kuri 15 ku munota kuri metero y'umurongo (1 kugeza 4 GPM ku kirenge cy'umurongo) ** unyuze mu cyuho kiri hagati y'imifuka, wuzuza buhoro igaraje cyangwa koridoro inyuma y'urukuta. Ku rundi ruhande, urupapuro rwa pulasitike rudafite imifuka y'umucanga ruva ku rukuta ako kanya n'umuvuduko w'amazi. ** Ugomba guhuza byombi muri Membrane-Mass Barrière. **

1. Intambwe 4-Intambwe "Munsi-na-hejuru-Skirt" Tekinike yo Kwishyiriraho¶

1. ** Hitamo plastike iburyo (6-Mil Kuri 10-Mil Ubwubatsi bwa Polyethylene cyangwa umurongo-ushimangiwe na Poly): **
2. Ntuzigere ukoresha ibinure 0.7-mil Kuri 2-mil amarangi yigitonyanga, ashwanyaguza ako kanya ukandagiye inkweto zumucanga. Koresha imirimo iremereye **6-mil (0.006 inch / 152 micron) cyangwa 10-mil umukara / usobanutse polyethylene wapor barrière yamabati ** (igurishwa muri 3 m x 30 m / 10 ft x 100 ft kumuzingo kububiko bwububiko).
3. ** Shyira urukuta ruhagaritse / Urugi rw'umuryango utarinze gutobora munsi y'amazi: **
4. Ihanagura ivumbi kumatafari yo hanze cyangwa urugi rwumuryango kumpande zombi zumuryango.
5. Koresha isaro ryikubye kabiri ya ** butyl reberi, marine polyurethane caulk (Sikaflex), cyangwa hanze y'amazi adakoresha amashanyarazi (Zip System / Flex Tape) ** uhagaritse hejuru yinzugi zombi kugeza kuri cm 30 (santimetero 12) hejuru yikimenyetso cy’amazi maremare ateganijwe, hanyuma ukande kuri 6-mil urupapuro rwa plastike rukomeye kurukuta no kuruhande.
6. ** Ntuzigere utwara imisumari, ibirindiro, cyangwa imigozi unyuze ku rupapuro rwa pulasitike munsi y’amazi ateganijwe **, umwobo wose w’imisumari uri munsi y’amazi uhinduka indege ikandamijwe iyo amazi y’umwuzure azamutse. Gusa imisumari yimbaho yimisumari kumurongo ** hejuru cyane ** yurupapuro rwa plastike (30 cm / 12 inches ABOVE the max water level) gufata urupapuro hejuru mugihe ushyira imifuka.
7. ** Kwagura Horizontal Ground Apron (0.9 to 1.2 Meters / 3 to 4 Feet Hanze) & Shyira Urukuta rw'ibanze: **
8. Reka munsi yurupapuro rumwe rukomeza rwa plastike rusohokane hejuru yubutaka ** 0.9 kugeza kuri metero 1,2 (metero 3 kugeza kuri 4) ** imbere yumuryango cyangwa kurukuta.
9. Wubake umufuka wawe wumusenyi piramide ** hejuru yuriya hejuru ya horizontal ya plastike itambitse **, witondere kudatema amashanyarazi. Mugihe amazi yumwuzure yazamutse hejuru yimbere, uburemere bwamanutse bwinkingi yamazi ubwayo ($ rho g H $) kanda urupapuro rwa plastike rukomera hejuru ya beto / hasi, bikabuza amazi kunyerera munsi yumusego wumucanga (under-seepage piping).
10. ** Wizike Hanze Hanze Hejuru Yimbere & Pin hamwe na Counter-Weight Bags: **
11. Iyo piramide yumucanga imaze kugera muburebure bwuzuye, fata metero 0,6 zirenga (metero 2) za plastike zirambuye imbere yurukuta, uzinguruke ** hejuru no hejuru yumusozi wimbere (wuzuye) wumufuka wumucanga **, hanyuma ushireho umurongo umwe wanyuma uremereye ** Counter-Weight Anchor Sandbags ** kumpande zuzura hejuru yumufuka.

Igice cya 3: Guhagarika imyanda yimbere & bypass bypass bypass (Sump Check Valves, Test Plugs, na Standpipes)¶

Ba nyiri amazu bakunze kumara amasaha 8 bubaka igitabo cyitwa sandbag piramide yigitabo hejuru yinzugi zabo imbere ninyuma, gusa bareba amazi yuzuye ibyondo, yuzuye imyanda itangira gusohoka mu miyoboro yabo yo hasi ya ** munsi yo hasi, ahacururizwa hasi, aho bakorera, no mu bwiherero bwo mu musarani ** mu gihe imiyoboro yumuyaga yo mumuhanda yuzuye.

Mubukanishi bwibanze bwamazi (** Pascal's Law of Communication Vessels **), inzu yawe yimyanda yo munsi yubutaka hamwe numuyoboro woguhuza ibirenge uhujwe neza numuhanda wuzuye wuzuye. Niba amazi yumwuzure hanze ageze ku butumburuke bwa metero 1.0 1.0 (metero 3.3) hejuru yubutaka bwawe bwo hasi , amazi yo mumiyoboro yawe yashyinguwe asunikwa hejuru hamwe na kilopasike ** 9.8 (1.42 PSI / 204 lbs per square foot

1. Kugereranya 4 Imiyoboro yimbere & Sewer Backflow ibikoresho birinda¶

+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|   MECHANICAL EXPANSION PLUG VS. HYDROSTATIC FLOOR-DRAIN STANDPIPE       |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  OPTION A: MECHANICAL EXPANSION PLUG     OPTION B: PVC STANDPIPE        |
|  (For Modern Thick Reinforced Slabs)     (For Older Thin Concrete Slabs)|
|                                                                         |
|      [Sandbag Weight on Top]                 |    | <- Open Top Above   |
|           +-----------+                      |===approx. | <- Flood Waterline  |
|    =======| T-Handle  |=======               |    |    Balances Head (H)|
|       |   |XXXXPlugXXX|   |               ===+    +=== [Basement Floor] |
|       |   +-----------+   |                  |    | <- Threaded/Rubber  |
|       | ===============approx. approx.  |                  |===approx. |    Standpipe Adapter|
|       +-------------------+                  +----+                     |
|   *WARNING: Locks full upward            *SAFE: Relieves sub-slab uplift|
|    uplift pressure under slab.            by letting column rise in pipe|
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

2. Intambwe ku yindi: Kubaka $ 20 Hydrostatike Igorofa-Umuyoboro¶

Niba urugo rwawe rufite umusaza (pre-1980. Ahubwo, kusanya ** Igorofa-Drain Igipimo **: 1. Kuramo icyuma cyungurura icyuma kiva mumazi yo hasi hanyuma upime diametre y'imbere (mubisanzwe 50 mm / 2 in, 75 mm / 3 in, cyangwa 100 mm / 4 in) hanyuma urebe niba umuhogo wicyuma ufite insinga zimbere. 2. Fata uburebure bwa metero ** 1,2 kugeza kuri 1.5 (metero 4 kugeza kuri 5) z'uburebure bwa gahunda ya 40 PVC umuyoboro wa ** uhuye na diametre y'amazi, uhambiriye muri adapteri ya PVC y'umugabo ** (wiziritse cyane muri kaseti ya Teflon + umuyoboro wa dope) cyangwa ** reberi yogusenyera / kwaguka kwaguka ** kwaguka cyane imbere yumuhogo wamazi iyo ukomye. 3. Shyiramo kandi uhambire igihagararo gihagaritse neza kiva mumazi yo hasi, hanyuma uhambire cyangwa uhambire hejuru yumuyoboro hejuru yinkingi yubatswe hafi cyangwa igorofa yo hasi hejuru kugirango idashobora kwishingikiriza. 4. Iyo umwanda wiyongereye kuri metero 0.9 (metero 3), amazi azamuka gusa muri metero 0,9 hejuru yumuyoboro wa PVC usobanutse / wera ugahagarara, kuringaniza umuvuduko udasutse igitonyanga hasi hasi.

3. Sump Pump Kugenzura-Valve & Airlock Engineering¶

Pompe yawe yo hasi ni umurongo wawe wanyuma wo kwirinda amazi yinjira mumigezi ya fondasiyo (weeping tile): 1. ** Kugenzura Inzira imwe-imwe (Preventing the Endless Backflow Loop): ** - Uhagaritse 1.5-santimetero (38 mm. - Hatariho igenzura ryakazi, igihe cyose pompe izimye, litiro 15 kugeza kuri 25 (litiro 4 kugeza kuri 6) zamazi zicaye imbere mu muyoboro wa vertical riser igwa hasi igana mu mwobo, bigatuma flot ihinduranya ikazunguruka no kuzimya buri masegonda 10 kugeza moteri ya pompe yaka. - Byongeye kandi, niba amazi yumwuzure yo hanze yarohamye umuyoboro wawe wogusohora hanze hamwe na valve yawe ya cheque yabuze cyangwa igafungurwa hamwe n imyanda, ** amazi yumwuzure wo hanze azahita asubira inyuma kumuyoboro usohoka uhita winjira mubyobo byawe byo munsi. ** 2. ** The 3/16-Inch (4.8 mm) Kurwanya Airlock Kurira: ** - Siba imwe **3/16-inch (4.8 mm. - Iyo urwobo ruvomye rumaze igihe gito rwumye kandi rwuzura, umwuka ugwa mu nzu yimbere ya pompe munsi yuburemere bwinkingi yamazi yicaye hejuru ya cheque (Impeller Airlock), bigatuma pompe isakuza cyane mugihe cyo kuvoma amazi zeru. Akantu gato 3/16-inch maraso yamenetse areka umwuka wafashwe uhunga kuburyo uwimuka primes ako kanya burigihe.

Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa¶

Kuki FEMA ituburira kwirinda guterura imifuka irenze metero 3 (0.91 meters) kurukuta rw'inzu?¶

Amazi apima ibiro 1.000 kuri metero kibe (`62.4 pounds per cubic foot`) **, bivuze ko umuvuduko wa hydrostatike wiyongera kumurongo hamwe nuburebure ($ P = \ rho g h $) mugihe igiteranyo cyimbere cyimbere imbere kurukuta cyiyongera hamwe na ** kare yuburebure bwamazi ($ F \ propto (H squared) $) **. Kuri metero 0,91 (metero 3.0) z'uburebure bw'amazi, amazi akoresha hafi kilonewtoni ** 4.15 kuri metero imwe (`280+ pounds per linear foot`) ** yimbere yimbere yimbere wongeyeho buoyancy hejuru (`uplift`) ku gisate hasi. Inkuta zisanzwe zo guturamo zometseho inkuta hamwe nimbaraga zidafite imbaraga (cinder-block)`CMU`) urufatiro rwubatswe mumitwaro yumuyaga, ntabwo ari urugomero rwamazi ya hydraulic, rurenga metero 0,91 (metero 3) zubujyakuzimu bwumuyaga-mwuzure rusanzwe rutera inkuta kwinjira imbere bikabije, bikabangamira umuntu wese uri imbere.

Ari "amazi akoreshwa na polymer gel yuzuye imifuka" (Quick Dam) umusimbura wemewe kumifuka yumucanga 40-lb?¶

Superabsorbent polymer (`SAP`) amazi akoreshwa n'amazi (`which weigh 0.5 lbs dry and swell to 30 lbs when soaked in fresh water`. minerval yamazi akomeye **, osmose yimiti irananirana kandi imifuka ntiziyongera; na (2) ** Uburemere Buke Bwihariye (`SG ≈ 1.00`).`zero submerged dead-weight`), bivuze umuvuduko wihuta wimyuzure cyangwa ibikorwa byumuraba birashobora kureremba byoroshye no gusunika imifuka ya gel kuruhande ugereranije numufuka wuzuye wa quartz (`SG ≈ 1.8 to 2.0` wet).

Nigute nahagarika umusarani wo hasi cyangwa umusarani wa farashi yo mu bwiherero kurengerwa mugihe umwanda wumujyi usubiye inyuma?¶

Niba urugo rwawe rudafite umurongo wingenzi wamazi wamazi yinyuma hamwe namazi yumwuzure wumuhanda wongeyeho umwanda wumwanda, umwanda uzazamuka uva mubikono byawe byo mu musarani. Guhagarika umusarani wo hasi cyangwa igorofa ya mbere mugihe cyihutirwa: (1) funga valve yamazi inyuma yumusarani hanyuma usukure rimwe kugirango usibe igikono na tank; .`100 mm (4-inch)` icyuma cyo kwagura ibyuma byogupima icyuma ** imbere imbere yicyuma / PVC ikingira flange umuyoboro hasi; ** CYANGWA ** (3) niba udashobora kuzamura umusarani, kanda umupira uremereye wipfunyitse umupira wa rubber cyangwa ucanwa **`3-to-4-inch` kuvoma imiyoboro y'amazi ** yimbitse mu muhogo uhetamye wo mu muhogo munsi y’ikibindi, ukayitobora neza, hanyuma ugahita uhagarara. `2x4` Ibiti byimbaho hagati yikibaho cyashyizwe hejuru yumusarani hamwe nigisenge gifatanye hejuru kuburyo igitutu cyo hejuru cyumwanda kidashobora gusunika icyuma.

Nokora iki mumifuka yakoreshejwe nyuma yumwuzure umaze kumanuka?¶

Umufuka wose wumucanga cyangwa urupapuro rwa polyethylene wahuye namazi yumwuzure bigomba gufatwa nk ** imyanda yangiza ibinyabuzima na chimique yanduye ** (`containing raw municipal sewage, E. coli, fuel oil, pesticides, and industrial runoff`). Buri gihe ujye wambara inkweto za robber zidafite amazi na gants ya nitrile iremereye mugihe usenya urukuta rwumwuzure. ** Ntuzigere uta umusenyi wakoreshejwe mumwuzure mumasanduku yumwana, aho bakinira, cyangwa ubusitani bwimboga **; umucanga usukuye mumifuka itigeze ikora kumazi yumwuzure urashobora gukama hanyuma ukabikwa munsi yumuriro wa UV kugirango uzongere gukoreshwa, mugihe imifuka yuzuye imyuzure igomba kujugunywa ahakusanyirizwa amakomine nyuma y’ibiza.

Inkomoko yagenzuwe¶

• ** Ingabo z’Amerika zishinzwe Inganda (USACE, Amerika): ** * Tekinike Yumusenyi, Agatabo ka Engineering 500-1-1 (Gahunda yo Gucunga Ibihe Byihutirwa) *, * Kurwanya Umwuzure: Imfashanyigisho n’ubuhanga *, na * Ibipimo byubaka by'agateganyo *.
• ** Ikigo gishinzwe imicungire y’ibihe byihutirwa (FEMA, Amerika): ** * FEMA P-1020: Kugabanya ibyago by’umwuzure ku nyubako zituwe zidashobora kuzamurwa *, * FEMA P-348: Kurinda sisitemu zikoreshwa mu nyubako ibyangijwe n’umwuzure *, na * Itangazo rya tekiniki 3: Ibisabwa bidatangwa n’umwuzure *.
• ** Ikigo cyo muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (EPA, Amerika): ** * Gucunga amazi y’imyanda no gucunga pompe mu baturage b’umwuzure * na * Gucunga amazi y’umwuzure wimuwe hamwe n’umwanda wa Biohazardous *.
• ** Ikigo cy’ibidukikije (Ubwongereza): ** * Kurinda Umwuzure w’agateganyo kandi utabarika: Ubuyobozi bwa tekiniki, Geometrie ya Sandbagging, hamwe n’umutekano wo gutura inyuma *.
• ** Ikigo cya Ositaraliya gishinzwe guhangana n’ibiza (AIDR, Ositaraliya): ** * Igitabo gikubiyemo imicungire y’ibihe byihutirwa bya Ositaraliya: Ibikorwa byo Kuburira Umwuzure no Gutabara Byihutirwa (Igipimo cy’urukuta rwa Sandbag na Hydrodynamic Force Resistance) *.
• ** Inama y’igihugu y’ubushakashatsi muri Kanada & Umutekano rusange muri Kanada (Kanada): ** * Amabwiriza ya tekiniki y’inyubako zituye n’umwuzure n’amazu yo gukumira imyanda y’amazi *.
• ** Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika y'Abashinzwe Ubwubatsi (ASCE, Amerika): ** * ASCE 24-14: Igishushanyo mbonera n’ubwubatsi (Kubara ingufu za Hydrostatike Kubara hamwe n’ibipimo byangiza umwuzure) *.
• ** Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ry’Abashinzwe Amazi n’Ubukanishi (IAPMO, Mpuzamahanga): ** * Kode y’amazi meza (UPC): Amazi y’amazi y’inyuma, imiyoboro y’isuku, hamwe na sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza imiyoboro y’amazi mu turere tw’umwuzure *.

Kuyobora¶

• Umwuzure Wumwuzure: Gufata neza Pyramide, Gupfunyika Imiryango ya Plastike & Amacomeka yinyuma
• Amashanyarazi Yumwuzure Kurokoka no Kwimuka
• Umwuzure Witeguye, Gutwara Ibyago & Kugarura
• Umwuzure Wuzuye Umwuzure: Amashanyarazi Yumuriro & Amategeko yo kuvoma
• Imibare yihutirwa hamwe na telefone igoye kwisi