Chainsaw Kickback, Spring Poles, ne Nnua a Wɔtwa a Ɛbɔ Apirakuru¶

Nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde saw ne nnua a wotwa no ka mfiri mu asiane ahorow a edi awu sen biara wɔ kwae a wɔyɛ adwumaden ne afiewuranom ahum a wɔtew so nyinaa mu. Nnɛyi pɛtro anaa nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde batere na ɛyɛ adwuma no de dade a wɔde twa ade a ɛyɛ nnam te sɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde twa kwan no ho hyia wɔ ahoɔhare a ɛyɛ linear a ɛyɛ mita 18 kosi 28 wɔ sekan biara mu (mph 40 kosi 62) bere a engine no di akɔneaba 10,000 kosi 14,000 a ɛkyinkyini simma biara (RPM). Nea ɛnte sɛ sekan a wɔde yɛ adididan anaa dade ano a ɛtwitwa linear a ɛho tew no, wɔayɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn sẽ sɛ gouging chisels nketewa a ɛwe ** kerf channel a ne tɛtrɛtɛ yɛ milimita 6 kosi 10 (nsateakwaa 0.25 kosi 0.4)**, na ɛtetew honam ani, ntini, dompe, ne ntini akɛse mu na ɛpopae wɔ sekan fã ketewaa bi mu.

Sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn akwankyerɛ dua no atifi ano ka nkorabata bi, dua bi a ahintaw, anaasɛ pinching kerf afã wɔ akwanhyia mu a, saw no betumi abɔ akyi wɔ digrii 90 mu akɔ nea ɔde di dwuma no anim, ne kɔn, ne mmati benkum, anaa n’asen mu wɔ sekan 0.10 kosi 0.15 mu, na ɛyɛ ntɛmntɛm sen sekan 0.20 kosi 0.25 no. neuro-muscular reaction bere a onipa amemene no yɛ. Nea ekum nnipa kɛse mpo sen saw blade no ankasa ne tumi kɛse a ɛtwe ade ba fam ne nea ɛyɛ den a wɔde asie nnua a egyina hɔ ne nnua a ahum abɔ mu: akwaa a awuwu a ɛtɔ wɔ soro (akunafo), dua a ɛpae a ɛda hɔ gyina hɔ a ɛpaapae (barber-chairing), nnua a wɔabɔ no wɔ nhyɛso ase (spring poles), ne root-ball rollbacks a ɛbubu adwumayɛfo akyi a ahum a ɛbɔ; hwɛ ahum ne ahum a wɔde tew nneɛma ho. Sɛ́ wunim sɛnea wobegyae mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ ntini mu nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu ntɛm ara, sɛnea wobeyi odwumayɛni a wɔde pin abɔ no afi mu dwoodwoo a wɔrenkanyan dua a ɛto so abien a wɔabobɔw, ne sɛnea wɔkenkan nnua a ɛtwetwe ansa na wɔatwitwa no, gye nkwa.

Yɛ eyi mprempren¶

1. Dum nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn engine no anaa fa anim nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn breki no hyɛ mu ntɛm ara ansa na woabɛn obi a wapira. Mfa nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛretu mmirika a obi a ne ho adwiriw no anaasɛ ɔrebubu kura no nsam da. Dannan ignition stop switch no kɔ OFF na pia anim nsa-wɛmfo paddle no kɔ w’anim na ama woato nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn breki no mu.
2. Fa crushing direct pressure anaa windlass tourniquet ntɛm ara sɛ mogya tu kɛse wɔ nsa anaa kɔn mu. Chainsaw kickback akuru taa twa femoral artery a ɛwɔ benkum asen mu, radial/brachial arteries a ɛwɔ benkum abasa mu, anaa carotid/jugular vessels a ɛwɔ kɔn no mu. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wohu anaa wobɛboaboa mogya ano wɔ wo nsa anaa wo nan so a, fa mframa a wɔde di gua tourniquet kyekyere sɛntimita 5 kosi 7 (nsateakwaa 2 kosi 3) wɔ kuru no atifi na twitwa kosi sɛ mogya no nyinaa begyae; sɛ wopɛ kɔn, mmati, anaa asen mu apirakuru a, fa gauze a ɛma mogya tu anaa nea ɛnyɛ ɔyare mmoawa hyehyɛ abura no mu denneennen na fa wo nsa abien nyinaa mia so denneennen; hwɛ mogya a ɛretu mmoa a edi kan.
3. Frɛ wo mpɔtam hɔ ntɛmpɛ nɔma ntɛm ara na ma nkuraase GPS coordinates pɛpɛɛpɛ anaa trailhead access points. Trɛ 911 wɔ United States ne Canada, 112 wɔ European Union nyinaa, anaa 999 wɔ United Kingdom (hwɛ nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ). Sɛ woreyɛ adwuma wɔ kwae bi a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri a, soma onipa a ɔto so abien nkɔ ɔkwan kɛse no so ma ɔmfa frankaa nhyɛ ambulance no ase anaasɛ ɔnkyerɛ helikopta kwankyerɛ wimhyɛn-aduruyɛ mu nkwagye kwan.
4. Hwɛ soro hwehwɛ "okunafo" nkorabata a ɛsensɛn hɔ na hwɛ sɛnea nnua no gyina pintinn ansa na woakotow wɔ obi a wɔabubu dua a wɔabubu no nkyɛn. Mfa ahopere anifurae da wɔ dua a wɔasɛn so anaasɛ dua a apaapae fã bi ase ntwe obi mfi mu. Di kan chock anaa wedge dua a ɛrehuruhuruw wɔ ɔfã a ɛsiane no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a entumi nkɔtra nea wɔayɛ no bɔne no so bio anaasɛ ɛmmɔ wo.
5. Di simma 15 Crush Syndrome Mmara no akyi sɛ dua dua bi a emu yɛ duru rebɔ nea wɔayɛ no bɔne no nan anaa ne hwene mu a. Sɛ wɔde pin abɔ onipa no nnu simma 15 na wubetumi de levers, wedges, anaa jack ama dua no so anaasɛ woabobɔw dwoodwoo a wuntwitwa nnua a entumi nnyina pintinn a, gyae wɔn ntɛm ara. Sɛ wɔde wɔn abɔ dua kɛse bi ase bɛboro simma 15 a, twɛn ma nnuruyɛfo a wɔakɔ anim mfa nsu ne nnuru a wɔde fa ntini mu ansa na wɔama emu duru no so, gye sɛ wɔn moma so ntumi nhome; hwɛ crush injury and compartment syndrome.
6. Kɔ so kura akyi berɛmo mu katee mu na fa ahodwiriw sa bere a okunafo anaa spring-pole abɔ akyi. Ɔhonam akwaa a ɛrehwe ase a ɛbɔ dade kyɛw anaasɛ spring dua a ɛrepaapae a ɛbɔ moma so no de ahodwiriw kɛse a ɛyɛ mmerɛw ma; ma ɔyarefo no nyɛ petee, ɔyɛ komm, na fa ntama a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ hyew kyekyere no bere a worehwɛ sɛnea wɔrehome no.

Tumi anan a nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn de yɛ ade ne nea enti a kickback boro nnipa adwene¶

Obiara a ɔde nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn di dwuma no nya honam fam tumi anan a ɛyɛ adwuma a nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛretwintwam a ɛne nnua di nkitaho no de ba. Sɛ wote sɛnea tumi ahorow yi yɛ adwuma wɔ wo nsa so ase a, ɛmma wuntumi nni wo ho so a ɛde ahodwiriw ba no ano.

flowchart TD
    A["Chainsaw anaa Nnua a Wɔtwa Emergency"] --> B{"Opira bɛn na esii?"}
    B -->|"Chainsaw Blade Laceration (Asen, Abasa, Kɔn, anaa Anim) ."| C["DI KAN DI NSƐM A ƐMA MOGYA A ƐBA NO SO"]
    C --> D["Akwaa Kuru: Fa tourniquet a wɔtɔn no gu kuru no atifi cm 5 kosi 7 + nhyɛso tẽẽ"]
    C --> E["Neck / Shoulder / Groin Wound: Fa gauze hyehyɛ kuru no denneennen na kura nsa nhyɛso mu denneennen"]
    B -->|"Wɔde Pinn wɔ Dua Dua anaa Ntini Bɔl a Ahwe ase Ase"| F{"So wɔabubu koko/mframa kwan no ANAA wɔabɔ no pin < simma 15?"}
    F -->|"Yiw: Wɔde pintinn ahyɛ ne koko mu anaasɛ < simma 15"| G["Chock/crib log tia rolling, afei ma / lever mu duru fi ntɛm ara"]
    F -->|"Dabi: Wɔde nan/akyi pintinn > simma 15 na ahome OK"| H["Secure log ne cribbing; frɛ 911/112/999 wɔ telefon so; twɛn paramedic Crush Syndrome IV protocol ansa na wɔama so"]
    B -->|"Wɔde Overhead Widowmaker Limb anaa Spring Pole na ɛbɔ no"| I["Gyae dade kyɛw no wɔ nea ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ worehome yiye a; fa ti/akyi berɛmo no ntumi nkɔ baabiara; hwɛ sɛ wo koko/yafunu mu ayɛ wo yaw anaa"]

1. Rotational kickback (Hwene Afiri a Ɛwɔ Atifi Fam) .¶

Rotational kickback na ɛma anim, kɔn, ne mmati chainsaw lacerations a ɛyɛ hu sen biara:

• Upper-Quadrant Kickback Zone no abɔdeɛ mu nneɛma: Bere a saw chain no twa kwan twa guide bar no ano kurukuruwa (hwene) ho hyia no, cutter sẽ a ɛwɔ upper quadrant of the bar tip no so no rekɔ fam na akɔ akyi akɔ nea ɔde di dwuma no nkyɛn wɔ 20+ mita wɔ sekan biara mu (45+ mph). Sɛ saa hwene atifi sẽ no ka ade a ɛyɛ den (te sɛ dua a ɛto so abien a wɔde asie nea woretwitwa no akyi, nkorabata bi, tokuru a wɔatwa no fã, anaa efĩ a ayɛ nwini denneennen) a, ɛse no tutu mu na entumi ntwe ade a entumi nkɔ baabiara no mfa saw no mu.
• Instantaneous Newton's Third Law reaction: Sɛ anka ɛbɛtwa no, ɛse a ɛtutu no de engine no rotational inertia nyinaa kɔ baabi a ɛbɔ guide bar no ano basabasa kɔ soro ne akyi wɔ tight arc mu tẽẽ kɔ wo ti ne benkum mmati so.
• Nea enti a nnipa adwene ntumi nsiw ano: RPM a ɛkorɔn a ɛkyinkyini kickback no wosow akwankyerɛ bar no digrii 90 kɔ soro wɔ 0.10 kosi 0.15 sikani mu. Esiane sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, onipa ntini bi gye sikɔne 0.20 ansa na afi w’ani so akɔ wo nsa ntini mu nti, wuntumi mfa nhumu nyɛ ho hwee wɔ bere mu. mfiri a wɔde bɔ wo ho ban abien pɛ na ɛma agyan no gyina ansa na abɔ w’anim:
• Wo benkum nsateaa a wobɛkyekyere koraa wɔ anim nsateaa no ase: Sɛ wode bonsu kura "open-thumb" kura anim nsateaa no mu (nsateaa a ɛda dua no atifi wɔ wo nsateaa nkyɛn) a, kickback bi tetew nsateaa no mu fi wo nsateaa nkyɛn pɛɛ. Sɛ wode wo nsateaa benkum kyekyere bar no ase a, ɛto wo nsateaa no mu na ɛhyɛ kicking saw no ma ɛdannan wo benkum nsateaa ho, na ɛbɔ wo benkum nsateaa akyi no ara kwa wɔ chain brake paddle no so.
• Inertia ne Mfiri Nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn Breki: Nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn breki a ɛyɛ adwuma no gyae nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛretwitwa no wu wɔ 0.06 kosi 0.12 sikani mu bere a wo nsateaa benkum bɔ paddle no anaasɛ bere a emu inertia counterweight no te basabasayɛ a ɛkɔ soro G-force a ɛwɔ kickback mu no nka.

2. Tumi a ɛtwe kɔ mu, pia kɔ akyi, ne linear pinch reaction forces¶

Nnua a wotwa ne ahum-ahohoro awudifo: akunafo, nkongua a wotwitwa,ahohuru bere mu nnua, ne ntini bɔɔl¶

Wɔ adwumayɛ kwae ne ahum akyi atrae a wɔtew mu no, nnua a wɔretwitwa no kunkum nnipa pii sen nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no sẽ. Ansa na wode wo nsa bɛka saw a ɛretu mmirika akɔ dua biara a egyina hɔ anaasɛ mframa a ahwe ase so no, hwɛ nnua no mu hwɛ sɛ ebia mfiri mu asiane anan a edi awu yi nni hɔ anaa:

1. "Akunafo" a wɔwɔ soro ne nnua a wɔde asɛn hɔ¶

okunafo yɛ ɔhonam akwaa biara a abubu, awu, aporɔw, anaa atew ne ho a ɛsensɛn dua a woretwa no atifi akataso mu (anaasɛ dua bi a ɛbɛn hɔ a ɛka bom mu), ne dua a wɔatwa a ɛkyere dua a ɛbɛn no nkorabata mu fã (dua a wɔde asɛn so):

• Wosow ma obi hwe ase: Sɛ wo nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no twa dua bi ase anaasɛ wode agyan bɔ plastic a wɔde twa dua no mu ara pɛ a, mfiri no wosow no kɔ soro wɔ dua no so na ɛwosow akwaa a awu a emu duru yɛ kilogram 100 fi mita 15 (anammɔn 50) wɔ soro. Nkorabata a ahwe ase hwe ase komm bere a nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn ne w’aso ano aduru a ɛyɛ decibel 110 a ɛyɛ decibel 110 no ayɛ w’aso no.
• Mmara titire abiɛsa a ɛfa nnua a wɔde asɛn so ho: Sɛ dua bi a woatwitwa no hyɛ dua foforo mu na ɛpow sɛ ɛbɛhwe fam a:
• MMFA dua a wɔde asɛn so no ase DA.
• MMƆ mmɔden DA sɛ wobɛbubu dua a ɛboa a dua a edi kan no de ne ho ato so no.
• Mforo dua a ɛsensɛn hɔ no da anaasɛ mmɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛtwa dua a ɛsensɛn hɔ no akɔ fam wɔ "stove-pipe" vertical chunks ntiantiaa mu afi ase. Mmom, yi ahobammɔ ho kwan na fa cant hook / peavey tenten bi bobɔ dua a wɔde asɛn so no fi canopy no mu denam cant hook / peavey tenten bi a ɛwɔ ase no so, anaasɛ twe nnyinaso no kɔ akyi fi akyirikyiri a ahobammɔ wom wɔ fall radius no akyi denam tractor, winch, anaa hama tenten rigging nhyehyɛe.

2. "Barber-chair" no gyina hɔ dua no mu paapae¶

barber chair ba bere a dua bi akɔ n’anim kɛse (anaasɛ mframa a ano yɛ den abɔ no anaasɛ aporɔw wɔ mfinimfini) na nea ɔde di dwuma no fi ase yɛ standard horizontal back-cut ansa na nnua a ɛdɔɔso a ɛkura mu no ho atɔ no. Ansa na wobewie akyi-twitwa no fã no, dua no mu duru kɛse a ɛkotow kɔ n’anim no **paapae dua no mu tẽẽ kɔ soro wɔ aburow no so mita 3 kosi 6 (anammɔn 10 kosi 20) denam aprɛm a wɔtow ** nnyigyei a ɛpae so. Bere a dua no atifi hwe ase kɔ n’anim no, dua no akyi abopon a apaapae no bɔ denneennen kɔ akyi wɔ dua no so, na ɛbubu nea ɔyɛ adwuma no koko ne ne ti nhwi wɔ fam wɔ sekan fã mu.

• Asiw ano: Mfa standard straight back-cut nni dwuma da wɔ dua a ɛkɔ n’anim kɛse (te sɛ ash, hickory, oak, anaa eucalyptus) so. Adwumayɛfoɔ a wɔyɛ adwumaden de bore-cut (plunge-cut) soronko a ɛwɔ akyi kura strap di dwuma anaasɛ wɔde ratchet strap/chain a emu yɛ duru kyekyere trunk no ho wɔ notch no atifi na wɔasiw vertical splitting ano.

3. Spring poles (nnua a wɔabɔ no wɔ nhyɛso a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ den ase) .¶

Bere a ahum, nsukyenee ahum, anaa ahum bɔ dua kɛse bi gui akyi no, wɔde nnua nketewa a nkwa wom du du pii (a ne kɛse yɛ sɛntimita 5 kosi 20 / nsateakwaa 2 kosi 8) kyekyere wɔn na wɔkotow mmɔho abien ma wɔyɛ adum a ɛyɛ den wɔ dua a emu yɛ duru no ase. Wɔfrɛ saa nnua a wɔabɔ no akuturuku yi spring poles:

• Catapult ahoɔden a wɔakora so: Dua a wɔabɔ no sie joule mpempem pii a ɛyɛ elastic spring ahoɔden. Sɛ ofie wura bi a onni osuahu nantew kɔ soro na ɔde nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn bi si abrannaa no a ɛyɛ den sen biara no atifi pɛɛ a, nnua nhama a wɔahyɛ no den a ɛwɔ ase ne nhama a ɛyɛ den a ɛwɔ soro no tetew ntɛm ara, na ɛbɔ nnua dua a ɛyɛ den no kɔ soro wɔ 60 kosi 100 km/h (37 kosi 62 mph) te sɛ mfinimfini mmere mu ɔkraman nsa, bubu anom, ne kɔn, . ne mpampam anaasɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛretu mmirika no a wɔbɛsan atow agu nea ɔde di dwuma no anim.
• Sɛnea wobɛgyae spring pole dwoodwoo: Gyina mu anaa dwoodwoo fi arch no vertical plane no mu. Kyerɛ point of maximum bend (baabi a mfonini a ɛyɛ tẽẽ tẽẽ gyina hɔ fi ntini no hyia kwan a ɛda fam fi pinned atifi). Sɛ́ anka wobɛtwa tẽẽ afa abrannaa no atifi de atwa biako no, yiyi kerfs a ɛyɛ tratraa a emu nnɔ wɔ bend no ase a wɔahyɛ no den no so wɔ anim a ɛyɛ digrii 45 sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a nnua nhama no bɛsi apini na akɔkotow brɛoo ayɛ hinge a ɛremmɔ denneennen, anaasɛ twa pin a wɔde abɔ no no akyirikyiri fi benkum no ho bere a wugyina dua a ɛbɔ ho ban no akyi.

4. Ntini bɔɔl a wɔatu (ntini mprɛte) a ɛsan tu kɔ tokuru no mu¶

Sɛ ahum bɔ dua kɛse bi fa ne ntini so a, ɔfasu a ne tenten yɛ mita 3 kosi 5 (anammɔn 10 kosi 16) a mfutuma, abotan, ne ntini wom gyina hɔ tẽẽ wɔ ɔbotan a emu dɔ bi atifi. Dua a emu yɛ duru a ɛda fam no yɛ adwuma sɛ ade a wɔde gyina ano a ɛkura saa ntini bɔɔl a ɛyɛ tɔn pii a ɛdannan no.

• The fatal root-ball trap: Sɛ obi twa dua titiriw no wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn dua a wɔatu no ase a, counterweight no yera amonom hɔ ara. Nhini bɔɔl a emu duru yɛ kilogram 2,000 kosi 10,000 (nkaribo 4,400 kosi 22,000) no tu kɔ akyi kɔ ne tokuru mu wɔ sekan biako mu te sɛ mmoadabi afiri kɛse bi. Wɔsie obiara a ogyina ntini no mu anaa ɛbɛn hɔ (anaa mmofra a wɔredi agoru wɔ tokuru no mu bere a wɔatwa dua no akyi) no nkwa mu na wɔbubu no amonom hɔ ara.
• Mmara: Nnyina dua a wɔatu no ntini-tokuru fã no da, fa nnua a emu yɛ duru anaa mfiri a wɔde tutu ntini no hyɛ ntini mprɛte no mu na twitwa ansa na woatwitwa, na ma wo dua a edi kan no ntwa nkɔ soro nkɔ abotiri no so sen sɛ ɛbɛtwa ntini mprɛte no nkyɛn pɛɛ.

Compression vs. tension wood: sɛnea wɔbɔ nnua a ahwe ase a wɔmfa pinching anaasɛ mpire¶

Sɛ wotwitwa dua dua a ahwe ase ma ɛyɛ ogya nnua tenten (bucking) anaasɛ woretutu dua a ahwe ase wɔ kar kwan anaa ɔdan atifi a, dua no yɛ adwuma sɛ ɔdan a wɔde nneɛma ahyɛ mu a wɔde gyina so wɔ beae biako anaa abien. Tumi a ɛtwe ade ba fam no kotow dua no, na ɛma mfiri mu nhyɛso mmeae abien a ɛne ne ho bɔ abira ba dua no mu a ɛsɛ sɛ obiara a ɔde nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn di dwuma kenkan ansa na wafi ase atwa:

1. The Tension Zone (fibers being stretched apart): Wɔ dua no nkyɛn a ɛte bend no akyi no, wɔtwe nnua nhama no denneennen te sɛ guitar nhama. Sɛ wutwitwa kɔ tension dua mu a, kerf (saw slot) no twe kɛse; sɛ wutwa kwan no nyinaa fi ɔfã a ɛhyɛ den no nkutoo a, nnua a ɛyɛ sɛntimita 2 (nsateakwaa 0.8) a etwa to no bɛtetew na apaapae denneennen.
2. The Compression Zone (nhama a wɔrepiapia): Wɔ dua a ɛte bend no mu no nkyɛn no, wɔde dua no mu duru abubu nnua nhama no abom. Sɛ wotwa kɔ akyiri dodo kɔ compression fã no kan kan a, closing kerf pinches wo chainsaw guide bar no denneennen te sɛ vise na ɛkanyan basabasayɛ linear push-back anaa rotational kickback.

Chain shot: asiane a ɛwɔ atuo a ɛde ahoɔhare kɛse bɔ a ɛwɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde saw a abubu mu¶

Bere a nnipa dodow no ara nim guide-bar kickback ho asɛm no, kwae mu ahobammɔ adwumayɛbea ahorow nso bɔ kɔkɔ wɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn tuo, adeyɛ a ɛba titiriw wɔ mfiri a wɔde twa nnua a ɛde ahoɔhare kɛse tu ne nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ahoɔden kɛse wom a wɔanhwɛ so yiye so bere a nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde di dwuma a asɛe no pae wɔ RPM a edi mũ mu no:

• Sɛnea nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn tow ba: Sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde saw a ɛwɔ drive links a apaapae, dull cutters, anaasɛ loose tension bubu wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn drive sprocket no a, nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a abubu no akyi awiei no bɔ bar no hwene ho te sɛ nantwinini mpire. Nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde bɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no ano ankasa no de ahoɔhare boro mita 300 wɔ sekan biara mu (anammɔn 1,000 wɔ sekan biara mu) na ɛtwe ne ho, na ɛde ahoɔden a ɛyɛ .38-caliber nsa tuo tu fa wim.
• Nea efi ayaresabea mu ba ne nea wɔde siw ano: Ɛse a wɔde nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn abɔ a ɛretu no tumi hyɛn obi a ɔhwɛ no koko, ne yafunu, anaa ne kɔn mu fi mita 15 kosi 30 (anammɔn 50 kosi 100). Bere nyinaa ma anyɛ yiye koraa no, ma wɔn a wɔrehwɛ no nware dua-tenten abien (anaasɛ mita 15+ / anammɔn 50+ bere a worebɔ) fi wimhyɛn a ɛwɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no mu no ho, hwɛ wo nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no mu nhyɛso ne srade bere biara a wode pɛtro bɛhyɛ mu, na tow nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn biara a abotan abɔ kɛse anaasɛ ɛkyerɛ sɛ nwi apaapae wɔ krataa a wɔde kyekyere nhama no so no gu.

Mmoa a edi kan a wɔde ma wɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu mpaapaemu ne nnua a wotwa ho ahodwiriw ho¶

Esiane sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ bere nyinaa na nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu apirakuru ba wɔ akyi hɔ, nkuraase nnua, anaa mpɔtam a ahum asɛe a ambulance ahorow hyia akwantu bere tenten nti, mogya a ɛtɔ a obi a ɔhwɛ hɔ no ano aduru ntɛm ara na ɛkyerɛ nkwa.

Anamɔn 1: Mogya a ɛtɔ wɔ ntini mu a ɛyɛ hu a wobegyae (The 3-Minute Window) .¶

Chainsaw kickback anaa push-back taa bɔ nipadua mu mmeae anan: anim benkum asen (femoral artery), nsa benkum ne anim nsa akyi (radial/ulnar arteries ne extensor tendons), benkum mmati ne kɔn (subclavian, carotid, ne internal jugular vessels), anaa anim.

1. Fa kuru no da adi na fa nhyɛso a emu yɛ den tẽẽ ntɛm ara: Fa ntama a ɛyɛ den sen biara a ɛwɔ hɔ (trauma dressing a efi wo logging belt kit, T-shirt a wɔabobɔw, anaa mpopaho a ɛho tew) na fa wo nipadua mu duru nyinaa mia fam tẽẽ kɔ mogya fibea no so.
2. Fa aguadi mu windlass tourniquet gu wo nsa anaa wo nan mu mogya a ano yɛ den:
3. Mfa **nsɛe bere wɔ abɔso, mpaboa hama, anaa waya (a ɛtwa honam ani a ɛmma nhyɛsoɔ a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛsi asen mu ntini a emu dɔ wɔ asen no mu) so.
4. Fa windlass tourniquet a wɔtɔn (te sɛ CAT anaa SOFTT-W) sentimita 5 kosi 7 (nsateakwaa 2 kosi 3) si nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn kuru no atifi (bɛn asen no, fa kotodwe anaa nsateaa nkwaa no so tẽẽ da). Sɛ kuru no korɔn yiye wɔ asen no so na wuntumi nhu sɛnea nea wɔatwa no trɛw kɔ soro wɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a mogya ayɛ mu ma ase a, fa tourniquet "korɔn na ɛyɛ den" no to asen no atifi pɛɛ.
5. Twe ahama no denneennen sɛnea wubetumi di kan, afei kyinkyim mframa a wɔde hyɛ afiri no mu no kosi sɛ mogya kɔkɔɔ a ɛhyerɛn no begyae koraa, to poma no mu wɔ afiri a wɔde kyekyere no mu, na kyerɛw bere a wode bɛhyɛ ahama no so anaa ɔyarefo no moma so; hwɛ mogya a ɛtɔ kɛse ne tourniquet a wɔde gu so.
6. Kuru a wɔde kyekyere kɔn, kɔn dompe, abasa, anaa akyi berɛmo mu ntini a wɔatwa:
7. Worentumi mfa tourniquet nhyɛ wo kɔn, wo mmati, anaa wo asen mu.
8. Tetew hemostatic gauze packet bi (anaasɛ gauze a ɛnyɛ sterile a ɛnyɛ den a wɔabobɔw), fa wo nsateaa a wode nsateaa ahyɛ mu no pia gauze no kɔ fam kɔ kuru no ase kɔ akyiri wɔ anwenne a ɛrehuruhuruw no so kosi sɛ abura no bɛhyɛ honam ani denneennen, na kura kɔ so, a wonnyae nsa abien nhyɛso anyɛ yiye koraa no simma 3 kosi 5 (na ne nyinaa kosi sɛ nnuruyɛfo a wɔboa nkurɔfo gye adwuma no).
9. Sɛ woreboaboa kɔn mu kuru bi ano a, fa nhyɛso no kɔ fam katee kɔ kuru no mu anaasɛ fa kɔ abasa a ɛne no bɔ abira no so sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a worenbubu ahurututu (mframa kwan) a ɛwɔ menewa no mfinimfini no.

Anamɔn 2: Avulsion flaps a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, Kevlar chap nhama, ne nnompe a abubu a wobedi ho dwuma¶

• MMFA Tufted Kevlar anaa ballistic nylon nhama mfi nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn asen mu kuru mu: Sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛretwintwam no bɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛbɔ ho ban no mu a, akyi kataso no mu tetew na ballistic nhama atenten a ɛyɛ den mpempem pii pae fi pad no mu ma ɛkyere nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn drive sprocket no na ɛma engine no gyina. Sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no fã bi hyɛn honam ani ansa na agyina a, ballistic nhama a ɛho agu fĩ ɔhaha pii, nnua a wɔayam, ne ngo a ɛyɛ bar-and-chain a ɛtɔ gu fam no bɛkyekyere nam a ayɛ mmerɛw no mu. Gyae nhama a emu dɔ nyinaa wɔ nea ɛwɔ hɔ ma oprehyɛn dan mu oprehyɛn a wɔde yi nipadua no mu; fa aduru a ɛyɛ nwini anaasɛ ɛyɛ nwunu a ɛnyɛ ɔyare mmoawa kata kuru no nyinaa so kɛkɛ na fa nhyɛso gu so.
• Sɛ ɛho hia sɛ mogya no gyae nkutoo a, san fa honam ani ntini akɛse a ayɛ mmerɛw no si hɔ brɛoo, afei fa nhama hyehyɛ mu: Esiane sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde twa ntini no tetew ntini a ɛtrɛw mu nti, akuru a emu dɔ taa yɛ nnompe a abubu a ɛyɛ den a ɛwɔ radius, ulna, patella, anaa femur no mu fa ahama a ɛyɛ den ma akwaa no ntumi nkɔ baabiara bere a wɔadi mogya a ɛretu no so awie no; hwɛ nnompe a abubu ne akisikuru.
• Siw hypothermia ano wɔ ayarefo a mogya retu wɔn mu: Mogya a ɛyera kɛse no sɛe tumi a nipadua no tumi ma mogya tu bere a core temperature so tew no ntɛmntɛm (the lethal triad of trauma). Da a emu nyɛ den mpo no, ma ɔyarefo no so wɔ foam pad a insulated anaasɛ dry bark/jackets so fi asase a ɛyɛ nwini no so na fa aluminized thermal blanket anaa wool coats kyekyere no koraa.

Ankorankoro Ahobammɔ Nnwinnade a Ɛyɛ Ahyɛde (PPE) ne Anamɔn 5 a Wɔde Twitwa Nneɛma Ho Nhyehyɛe¶

Mfi nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn ase da, mpo wɔ simma 2 akyi nkorabata a wɔde twitwa mu, a wonhyɛ kwae ho banbɔ nneɛma anum a wɔagye atom no nyinaa na woamfa wo guankɔbea kwan no nsi hɔ:

Ɛsɛ sɛ obiara a ɔde nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn di dwuma anaasɛ ɔpopa ahum nnua mu no sie mogya a ɛba no ano aduru a wɔde siw mframa bɔne ano (a ɛwɔ aguadi mu windlass tourniquets abien, hemostatic gauze, ne pressure dressing) a wɔatwitwa no tẽẽ wɔ wɔn bɛlt anaa vest a wotumi hu no yiye so, a wɔmfa nnyaw mita 200 wɔ lɔre no mu, na ɔfa kwan a mfaso wɔ so **Gyina Bleed ne First Aid ** fi Red no so Cross, St John Ambulance, anaa kwae mu ntetee nhyehyɛe a wɔagye atom.

Frequently asked questions¶

Dɛn nti na nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn bi san n’akyi ntɛmntɛm saa, na dua no fã bɛn na ɛde ba?¶

Rotational kickback ba bere a nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛkɔ so wɔ guide bar hwene no atifi fã (tip a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa no fã a ɛwɔ soro) no ka nkorabata bi, dua a ɛto so abien, anaa ɔfã a wɔatwa no pinching no. Esiane sɛ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn sẽ a ɛwɔ saa atifi ano no retu kwan akɔ fam na akɔ akyi bɛboro mita 20 wɔ sekan biara mu (mph 45) nti, ɛse no tutu akwanside no mu na ɛde engine no ahoɔden a ɛkyinkyini nyinaa kɔ soro ma ɛbɔ dua no denneennen kɔ soro ne akyi kɔ wo ti ne wo moma so wɔ sikani 0.10 kosi 0.15 mu. Esiane sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no, nnipa adwene gye sikɔne 0.20 ansa na wɔayɛ wɔn ade nti, ɛsɛ sɛ wode wo ho to wo nsateaa benkum so a wobɛma akɔ so abɔ anim nsateaa no ase na woanya breki a ɛwɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛnyɛ adwuma a ɛyɛ adwuma na ama nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no agyae.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn chaps ma nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn agyan a ɛretwintwam no gyae ankasa?¶

Chainsaw chaps nyɛ adwuma te sɛ akode a ɛyɛ den a ɛdan agyan; mmom no, wɔyɛ adwuma denam nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no afiri a ɛma nneɛma kɔ no a wɔkyekyere no so. Wɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔagye atom no akyi nylon akorade no ase no, Kevlar ne ballistic polyester nhama atenten a wɔanwene no yiye a wɔayɛ no ntoatoaso pii te. Bere a nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn sẽ a ɛretwintwam twitwa akyi ntama no mu ara pɛ no, ɛkyekyere nhama a ɛyɛ den yi mpempem pii na ɛtwe kɔ akyi kɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no hwene mu afiri ne engine krak dan mu, na esiw na ɛtow drive sprocket no mu den wɔ nea ennu sekan nkyem du mu ansa na sẽ no atumi atwa akɔ wo nan mu.

Dɛn ne "spring pole" wɔ ahum ahotew mu, na dɛn nti na ɛyɛ hu saa sɛ wobetwa?¶

Spring dua yɛ dua a ɛte ase anaa nkorabata a ɛyɛ den a wɔde nhama abɔ mu na wɔabɔ no akuturuku a ɛyɛ den wɔ dua kɛse a ahwe ase mu duru ase. Nnua a wɔabɔ no sie ahoɔden kɛse a ɛyɛ den te sɛ catapult a wɔabɔ no kokoam. Sɛ wode nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn bi si benkum no a ɛyɛ den sen biara no atifi na wotwa mu tẽẽ a, nnua nhama a ayɛ den no pae denneennen wɔ 60 kosi 100 km/h (37 kosi 62 mph), na ɛbɔ w’anim, w’anom, anaa wo moma so anaasɛ ɛbɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛretu mmirika no san kɔ wo nipadua mu. Bere nyinaa gyae nhyɛso nkakrankakra denam kerfs a ɛnyɛ den a ɛwɔ anim a wobɛbɔ wɔ bend a ɛsen biara no ase a wɔahyɛ no den bere a wugyina hɔ fi ɔkwan a ɛda hɔ a ɛwosow no so no so.

Sɛ wɔde obi abɔ dua dua bi a ahwe ase a emu yɛ duru ase a, dɛn nti na ɛnsɛ sɛ yɛma dua no so fi ne so ntɛm ara sɛ wɔakyere no dɔnhwerew biako a?¶

Sɛ dua dua kɛse bi bubu anan anaa akyi berɛmo mu ntini akɛse no bɛboro simma 15 a, ntini mu nkwammoaa a abubu no bubu bere a mogya a ɛsen no kɔm de wɔn no, na ɛma potassium, myoglobin, ne lactic acid dodow a edi awu dɔɔso wɔ akwaa a akyea no mu. Sɛ wɔn a wogye nkurɔfo no ma dua a emu yɛ duru no so mpofirim wɔ simma 30 kosi 60 akyi a wonsiesiee wɔn ho wɔ aduruyɛ mu a, mogya san de ahopere kɔ nan a abubu no mu na ɛhohoro potassium a ɛwɔ mu no kɔ koma no mu tẽẽ, na ebetumi ama koma no agyae akum no wɔ simma kakraa bi mu (reperfusion crush syndrome), a mogya mmoroso a ɛbɛhwe ase mpofirim ka ho. Gye sɛ onipa no koko ntumi nhome, bɔ dua no ho ban na anhinhim na ma nnuruyɛfo a wɔboa no fi ase mfa nsu ne nnuru mfa ntini mu ansa na wɔama emu duru no so ara pɛ.

Sources checked¶

• Adwumayɛ mu Ahobammɔ ne Akwahosan Dwumadibea (OSHA, United States): Nnua a Wɔde Tow Nneɛma Ho Gyinapɛn (29 CFR 1910.266) ne Adwuma a Wɔde Nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn Yɛ Ahobammɔ Nokwasɛm Krataa
• Ɔman Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Adwumayɛ mu Ahobammɔ ne Akwahosan So (NIOSH / CDC, United States): Nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu Apirakuru a Wosiw Bere a Wɔreyi Nnua Wɔ Abɔde mu Atoyerɛnkyɛm Bi akyi
• Akwahosan ne Ahobammɔ Dwumadibea (HSE, United Kingdom): Nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a Wɔde Saw Adwuma (INDG317) ne AFAG Ahobammɔ Akwankyerɛ a Ɛfa Nnua a Wɔtwa, Mframa a Wɔbɔ, ne Nnua a Wɔde Sɛn Ho
• United States Kwae Dwumadibea (USFS): Akwahosan ne Ahobammɔ Mmara Nhoma: Wildland Ogya ne Nnua a Wɔtwa Nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn Dwumadi (Kickback, Spring Poles, ne Barber Chairs)
• Amerika Nnuruyɛfo Kuw a Wɔyɛ Oprehyɛn (ACS): Gyae Mogya no: Mogya a Ɛtɔ So, Tourniquet a Wɔde Di Dwuma, ne Junctional Wound Packing

Akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa ho¶

• Severe bleeding and tourniquet application
• Crush injury and compartment syndrome
• Nhyɛso kɛse injection opira ne anyinam ahoɔden adwinnade kickback
• Storm and hurricane cleanup and recovery
• Nnompe a abubu, abubu, ne akisikuru