Nneɛma a Asɛe wɔ Ɔkwan no So Anadwo ne Nneɛma a Wɔatow agu Mframa Ahwehwɛ Mfiri So¶

Wɔn a wɔkyere mmoa we wɔ akwan akɛse so, nkuraase adwowtwafo akuw, ne adwumayɛfo a wɔwia kar a wɔahyehyɛ hyia honam fam akwanside titiriw biako: wontumi nwia ofirikafo a wɔatoto ne kar mu na ɔde ahoɔhare retu kwan wɔ ɔkwan kɛse so no so anaasɛ wontumi nkyere no. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔhyɛ kar a ɛretu ma egyina owu mu wɔ beae a esum a wokum no no, ntuafo de akwan abien a wɔfa so tow hyɛ wɔn so di dwuma: anifurae a wɔde wɔn ani hu (wɔtow nkesua a wɔannoa, ngo, paint, atɛkyɛ, anaa abotan gu anim mframa ahwehwɛ so fi ɔkwan a ɛboro so anaa kwae bi a ɛwɔ kwan ho so) ne honam fam kwan a wɔde siw kwan (wɔtwe dua akwaa, nwura kotoku, nnua pallets, kɔnkrit a wɔde ayɛ, spike boards, anaa decoy nkokoaa strollers a ɛfa ɔkwan a hann nnim, ɔkwan a wɔfa so fi adi, anaa kar kwan a wɔtra mu so). Bere a ofirikafo a ne ho adwiriw no no de wɔn mframa ahwehwɛ a wɔde popa no yɛ adwuma, dan ɛmo a wɔannoa anaa srade ma ɛbɛyɛ ɔfasu fitaa a ɛnyɛ hann, anaasɛ ɔdan kɔ Park na ofi kar no mu kɔtwe nkorabata bi fi ɔkwan no so no, wɔn a wɔka ho a wokurakura akode retwɛn wɔ brɔs mmirikatu mu akɔ ofirikafo no pon a wɔabue no ano.

Sɛ wobɛnya nkwa wɔ anadwo kwan so akwansideɛ anaa mframa ahwehwɛ a wobɛbɔ mu no gyina automatic driver reflexes mmienu a wobɛbu so: nka wo windshield wiper lever da berɛ a biribi a ɛyɛ viscous abɔ wo glass, na mbue wo kar pon da mfa nsiesie akwansideɛ bi wɔ sum mu. Mmarahyɛ baguafo a wɔko tia karka a wɔtow hyɛ wɔn so, aman ntam ahobammɔ akuw, ne ɔman no akwan akɛse so adwumayɛbea ahorow si so dua sɛ wobetumi aka nnɛyi kar a wɔde fa nnipa dwoodwoo kilomita pii bere a wɔrehwɛ baabi a nsu apetepete wɔ mpɔtam hɔ no, ebetumi aforo akwan a ne tenten yɛ sɛntimita 15 (nsateakwaa 6) wɔ anim a ɛyɛ akyirikyiri de atwa akwan no so nneɛma a asɛe ho ahyia, ebetumi apia akwanside ahorow a ɛyɛ tokuru a ɛrenkanyan mframa bag ahorow, na ebetumi fa tae anan a ayɛ mmerɛw koraa so twa kilomita 5 kosi 8 (akwansin 3 kosi 5) na ama woadu kronkronbea a kanea wɔ hɔ a nnipa dɔɔso wom.

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Yɛ eyi mprempren¶

Sɛ ɛmo, ɔbotan, anaa nsu bi a wunnim bɔ wo mframa ahwehwɛ mu anadwo, anaasɛ wutwa kwan a ɛkɔ akyiri ho hyia na wuhu nkorabata, nwura kotoku, kɔne, keteke a wɔde fa mmofra, anaa kar bi a esiw wo kwan wɔ beae bi a atew ne ho a, yɛ anammɔn asia yi ntɛm ara:

1. Yi wo nsa fi wiper dua no so na MMFA wo mframa ahwehwɛ a wɔde popa anaa washer spray no nyɛ adwuma DA: Sɛ nkesua a wɔannoa, srade, ngo, anaa paint bɔ wo mframa ahwehwɛ no a, sɛ wodan wiper no a, ɛtrɛw baabi a ne kɛse yɛ sɛntimita 15 (inch 6) wɔ ahwehwɛ no trɛw nyinaa mu, na sɛ wode nsu petepete so a, ɛma egg albumen protein yɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ den na ɛte sɛ nufusu atade a esiw aniwa ɔha biara mu nkyem 95 kwan. Gyae wipers no dum koraa, hwɛ ahwehwɛ a emu da hɔ a atwa apetepete no ho ahyia no mu, na kɔ so ka kar no.
2. Ndane nkɔ Park da anaasɛ mfi wo kar mu nkɔfa nneɛma a asɛe wɔ kwan so: Sɛ́ ebia akwanside no yɛ plastic nwura kotoku a ɛtoatoa so wɔ wo kar kwan so apron so, dua nkorabata bi a ɛwɔ ɔkwan a wɔfa so fi adi so, anaa mmofra kar nkongua a hwee nni mu wɔ nkuraase kwan so no, ma w’apon nto mu, bobɔ mfɛnsere, na fa seatbelt kyekyere. Sɛ wode kanea a ɛwɔ anim no mu kɔ abɔnten kɔfa ade bi a, ɛma wo engine no yɛ adwuma na w’akyi dan kɔ dua no so.
3. Breki ntɛm na gyina mita 8 kosi 15 (anammɔn 25 kosi 50) tiaa kwan so akwanside biara na dannan nhama a ɛkorɔn: Sɛ wugyina akyi yiye fi akwanside so a, ɛmma w’anim tae no ntumi nkɔ nnadewa ntaaboo anaa caltrops so, ɛma wunya kwan a wobɛdannan wo ho a wuhia na wode atwa akwanside no ho ahyia anaasɛ wobɛsan akɔ akyi tẽẽ, na ɛde kanea a ano yɛ den ma kwan ho nnua no yiri ma enti wɔda ntuafo a wɔahintaw adi.
4. Twa akwanside no ho denam san a wobɛsan akɔ akyi, foro a wobɛforo wɔ kwan no so wɔ digrii 35 kosi 45, anaasɛ wobɛpia afa ade a ɛyɛ tokuru a emu yɛ hare sen biara no mu: Hwɛ w’akyi ahwehwɛ no ntɛm ara. Sɛ kar biara nni w’akyi a, dan kɔ Reverse na san fi adi kɔ ɔkwan kɛse no so. Sɛ ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ wobɛsan w’akyi a, fa sare mmati no twa nneɛma a asɛe no ho hyia, foro kwan a ɛda nkyɛn no so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ fam no so ntɛmntɛm kilomita 15 kosi 25 dɔnhwerew biara, anaasɛ pia kɔ plastic nnaka a emu yɛ hare, nkrataa nnaka, anaa kar akwan mu nkakrankakra a wunnyae.
5. Sɛ wo tae mu nsunsuansoɔ anaa nneɛma a asɛe a, kɔ so ka kar wɔ tae a ɛyɛ tratraa anaa dadeɛ rim so: Ntwe da wɔ sum mu wɔ kilomita 2 (akwansin 1.2) mu wɔ akwansideɛ bi a ɛwɔ kwan so esiane sɛ wo Tae Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) alarm no bɔ anaasɛ wo tae fi aseɛ bɔ nti. Fa kar a ɛyɛ kilomita 30 kosi 50 dɔnhwerew biara (mph 20 kosi 30) a ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa dade/aduru ntwahonan a ɛda hɔ kwa so kosi sɛ wubedu pɛtro adwumayɛbea anaa polisifo adwumayɛbea a kanea a ɛhyerɛn ma nnɔnhwerew 24.
6. Frɛ wo mpɔtam hɔ ntɛmpɛ nɔma wɔ akasam a nsa nnim so bere a woatu akɔ akyirikyiri: Bɔ wo mpɔtam hɔ ntɛmpɛ nɔma (911 wɔ United States ne Canada, 112 wɔ Europa Aman Nkabom no nyinaa mu, 999 wɔ United Kingdom) anaa hwehwɛ yɛn nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ directory a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm. Bɔ ɔkwan kɛse no akwansin agyiraehyɛde pɔtee anaa cross street ho amanneɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a polisifo a wɔhwɛ kwan no so betumi ayi asiane a ɛwɔ ɔkwan no so no afi hɔ na wɔatwa adwumayɛfo a wɔtow ahyɛ wɔn so no kwan ansa na karkafo foforo abɔ no.

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Windshield strike ne kwan so nneɛma a asɛe ambush gyinaesi dua¶

Sɛ ade bi bɔ wo ahwehwɛ anaasɛ esiw wo kwan no ano anadwo a, di gyinaesi nhyehyɛe yi akyi wɔ sikɔne abiɛsa mu na ama kar no akɔ so ayɛ adwuma na woaguan afi beae a wɔatow ahyɛ wo so no.

flowchart TD
    Event["Anadwo Ɔkwan a Ɛkanyan: Ade Bi Bɔ Mframa Ahwehwɛ ANAA Nneɛma a Asɛe / Akwanside Siw Wo Kwan"] --> Type{"1. Ambush event bɛn na esii nkyɛe?"}
    Type -->|"A. Ɛmo, Ngo, Atɛkyɛ, Paint, anaa Nsu a Wɔde Petepete Mframa Ahwehwɛ So"| NoWiper["MMFA Wo nsa nka Wipers anaa Washer Fluid; Ma Wɔnto Apon mu; Ma Ahoɔhare & Hwɛ Splatter Atwa Ho Ahyia"]
    Type -->|"B. Ɔbotan, Biriki, anaa Ahwehwɛ a Ɛyɛ Den a Wɔapaapae / Ahwehwɛ a Ɛwɔ Akɔre Ntama"| GlassCheck{"So wubetumi da so ara ahu akwan agyiraehyɛde ahorow no wɔ ahwehwɛ a wɔde laminated no mu?"}
    Type -->|"C. Nneɛma a Asɛe wɔ Lane (Nkorabata, Nwura kotoku, Cones, Pallets, Stroller) ."| StopShort["Breki no Fam Fa Gyina Mita 10 kosi 15 (anammɔn 33 kosi 50) Akyi; Dane Nneɛma a Ɛkorɔn a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma; Fa Kar Sie wɔ Drive / Reverse mu"]
    NoWiper --> AccidentalCheck{"2. So woadi mfomso asɔ wipers no dedaw?"}
    AccidentalCheck -->|"Dabi: Splatter na ɛwɔ mu"| DriveToLight["Fa kar twa kilomita 3 kosi 8 (akwansin 2 kosi 5) kɔ Petrol Dwumadibea anaa Polisifo Beae a Kanea a Ɛyɛ Hann a Ɛma Nnɔnhwerew 24 Ansa na Woahohoro Ahwehwɛ mu"]
    AccidentalCheck -->|"Yiw: Wɔde ahwehwɛ apetepete so a ɛnyɛ hann"| PeerCorner["Dum Wipers Ntɛm ara; Lean Head to Un-Wiped Ɔsoro/Afã Twea Arc of Glass; Kɔ so Rolling to Light"]
    GlassCheck -->|"Yiw: Ɔkwan no da adi"| DriveToLight
    GlassCheck -->|"Dabi: Glass yɛ fitaa koraa"| PunchHole["Punch Outward With Heel of Fist na Yɛ Viewing Hole wɔ Laminated Windshield mu ANAA Fa Side Window Gap Di Dwuma"]
    StopShort --> MirrorScan{"2. So ɔkwan a ɛwɔ w’akyi no mu da hɔ wɔ w’akyi ahwehwɛ mu?"}
    MirrorScan -->|"Yiw: Akyi no mu da hɔ"| ReverseOut["Sesa Kɔ Akyi; San Fi Mu Tẽ Fa mita 100 (anammɔn 330) kɔ Main Arterial Road; Dan wo ho & Frɛ Polisifo"]
    MirrorScan -->|"Dabi: Kar akyi anaa nnipa a wɔrebɛn"| BypassNow["Foro Curb wɔ 45-Degree Angle Onto Grass/Sidewalk ANAA Pia Fa Plastic/Brush Gap a Ɛyɛ Hare Sen Biara Mu; Ka kar wɔ Flats so sɛ Punctured a"]
    PunchHole --> DriveToLight
    ReverseOut --> DriveToLight
    BypassNow --> DriveToLight

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Abɔde mu nneɛma ne nnuruyɛ a ɛwɔ afiri a ɛma mframa ahwehwɛ anifurae mu: Sɛnea wohu na wokɔ so ka kar¶

Sɛ yɛte nea enti a nneɛma a wɔtow gu mframa ahwehwɛ anifurae, ne sɛnea wɔyɛ kar ahobammɔ ahwehwɛ ase a, esiw ehu ano wɔ sikɔne abiɛsa a edi kan wɔ bere a wɔabɔ akyi no mu.

1. Nea enti a nkesua a wɔannoa ne ngo dan semɛnte a ɛnyɛ hann bere a wɔde nsu a wɔde horo nneɛma fra mu no¶

Akokɔ nkesua a wɔannoa no kura nsu ne bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 10 a wɔapete albumen proteins a ɛka lipid yolk srade a ɛyɛ nnam ho. Sɛ nkesua biako anaa abien a wɔannoa no bɔ ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ dry a ɛyɛ kilomita 60/h (mph 37) a, akorade no bubu na ɛma nsu a ɛpetepete baabiara a ne tɛtrɛtɛ bɛyɛ sɛntimita 15 (nsateakwaa 6), na ɛma wo mframa ahwehwɛ no bɛboro ɔha biara mu nkyem 85 mu da hɔ koraa.

Nanso, sɛ wobɔ hu na wotwe mframa ahwehwɛ hohoro lever no a: - Rɔba a wɔde popa nneɛma no twe srade a ɛyɛ nnam no fa ofirikafo ne ɔkwantufo no ahwehwɛ a ne tenten yɛ mita 1.2 (anammɔn 4) no nyinaa so wɔ sekan fã mu. - Nsu a wɔde horo nneɛma a ɛyɛ nwini ne nsa ma albumen protein no wosow na ɛsakra no ma ɛyɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ nwini na ɛte sɛ nufusu a ɛbata amena nketenkete a ɛwɔ ahwehwɛ no mu ho na esiw kanea a ɛba anim ne mmɔnten so kanea a ɛba no ɔha biara mu nkyem 95 ano. - Mmara no pɛpɛɛpɛ: Fa wo nsa nifa si stia no rim so, nka wiper dua no da, dan wo hwene no kɔ soro kakra anaa kɔ nkyɛnkyɛn na woahwɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛho tew no mu atwa baabi a ɛbɛbɔ no ho ahyia, na kɔ so ka kar no simma 5 kosi sɛ wobɛtwe tẽẽ wɔ canopy akanea a ɛwɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 adwumayɛbea a adagyew nnim no ase. Sɛ wunya ahobammɔ wɔ mfoninitwa mfiri ase bere a wo engine no reyɛ adwuma a, fa krataa mpopaho a ayow di kan tew ɛmo no ho na ama ɛmo no fã kɛse no ara so, na fa nsu a ɛyɛ hyew anaa ahwehwɛ a emu yɛ duru a wɔde tew ho di akyi.

2. Nea ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ sɛ woabɔ wipers no dedaw denam reflex so a¶

Sɛ wo ntini mu nkae no kanyan wiper sweep ansa na worehu sɛ ɛyɛ egg anaa srade afiri a, ntwe nkɔ mmati a ɛyɛ sum no so:

1. Dum wipers no ntɛm ara: Dry pass foforo biara tow smear no thinner na ɛtrɛw wɔ friction ase.
2. Fa wo mframa ahwehwɛ no "Un-Wiped Corner Arcs" di dwuma: Mframa ahwehwɛ a wɔde popa mframa no popa bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 75 pɛ wɔ anim ahwehwɛ no ani. Wogyaw ahwehwɛ mfɛnsere a ɛho tew a ɛyɛ ahinanan a wɔmfaa nsa nkaa ho wɔ atifi-benkum ntwea a ɛbɛn ofirikafo no A-adum, atifi ano wɔ akyi ahwehwɛ no atifi, ne ase-nifa so. Fa wo ti to benkum sɛntimita 10 (nsateakwaa 4) kɔ ɔfã adum no so anaasɛ tra ase tenten hwɛ arc a wɔde aduru apete so no atifi.
3. Fa wo nkyɛn mfɛnsere no di dwuma bere a woayi wɔn a wɔtow hyɛ wɔn so no afi hɔ akyi NKUTOO: Sɛ woka kar twa mita 200 (anammɔn 650) twa baabi a wɔtow gu no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a obiara a ɔtow hyɛ wo so no rentumi nkɔ wo mfɛnsere no so a, wubetumi asian ofirikafo no nkyɛn mfɛnsere no ase sɛntimita 10 (nsateakwaa 4) de ahwɛ sɛ wo kwan no gyinabea wɔ ɔkwan a ɛda fam anaasɛ sum fitaa nhama no so bere a worekɔ so wɔ ahoɔhare a ɛfata mu akɔ abɔnten a kanea wɔ so no.

3. Ɔbotan, birikisi, anaa ade a awɔw wom a ɛbɛbɔ mframa ahwehwɛ no a wobɛtra ase¶

Mmara hwehwɛ sɛ kar a wɔde fa nnipa wɔ wiase nyinaa de ahobammɔ ahwehwɛ ahorow abien di dwuma: - Anim Mframa ahwehwɛ (Laminated Safety Glass): Wɔyɛɛ no sɛ sandwich a ɛwɔ ntoatoaso abiɛsa a ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔde aduru ayɛ a wɔde abɔ mu a wɔde abɔ mfinimfini krataa a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛyɛ polyvinyl butyral (PVB) plastic ho. Sɛ ɔbotan anaa birikisi bi bɔ anim mframa ahwehwɛ no a, ahwehwɛ no mu paapae ma ɛyɛ akɔre nhama a ɛyɛ den, nanso PVB plastic a ɛwɔ so no kura ahwehwɛ asinasin no mu na amma ankɔhyɛn ɔdan no mu (gye sɛ wɔtow block a emu yɛ duru yiye fi ɔkwan a ɛkorɔn so wɔ freeway ahoɔhare so). - Afã ne Akyi Mfɛnsere (Tempered Glass): Wɔayɛ no sɛ ɛbɛbubu ayɛ no nketewa mpempem pii a ne kɛse te sɛ abotan a ɛyɛ kusuu bere a abɔ denneennen no. - Sɛnea wobɛka kar sɛ birikisi spiderwebs w’anim mframa ahwehwɛ: Sɛ mpo anim mframa ahwehwɛ no nyinaa dan frosty white a micro-cracks ka ho a, kar no da so ara yɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 100 a wotumi de mfiri ka. DUM wo dan mu dashboard dome kanea (dan mu kanea no dan fi ahwehwɛ a apaapae mu na ɛma w’ani fura anadwo), brɛ wo ho ase yiye bere a wokɔ so kɔ w’anim no, hwɛ ɔfã biara a atwa ho ahyia a mpaapaemu mu, anaasɛ, sɛ wɔpia krataa no nyinaa kɔ mu na ɛnyɛ hann koraa a, fa wo nsateaa anaa mpaboa a emu yɛ duru bɔ ahwehwɛ a ɛwɔ akɔre no mfinimfini kɔ abɔnten kɔ abɔnten 15-centimeter (6-inch) kwan a wɔfa so hwɛ kwan fa PVB krataa a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no mu bere a wɔreka kar akɔ baabi a ahobammɔ wɔ no.

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Nneɛma asia a wɔde hyehyɛ akwan so nneɛma a asɛe anadwo: Nneɛma a wohu ne mfiri a wɔde kwati¶

Nsɛmmɔnedifo siesie akwanside ahorow a ɛwɔ akwan so no ma ɛne ɔkwan no ahoɔhare ne ne geometry hyia. Fa saa anifere kwan so pon yi susuw ade biara a ɛwɔ wo kwan so anadwo na yɛ mfiri mmuae a ɛfata.

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Kar no fam clearance vs. undercarriage damage: Nea wo kar betumi de akɔ so dwoodwoo¶

Sɛ wuhyia nneɛma a asɛe wɔ ɔkwan no so na ntuafo a wɔnam fam rebɛn a, ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu nneɛma a wo kar no betumi aka so anaasɛ apia akɔ nkyɛn ntɛm ara, ne nneɛma a ɛbɛma wo engine no ayɛ adwuma.

1. Asase so kwan a wɔfa so yɛ adwuma ne "Never Straddle a Tall Object" mmara¶

• Standard ground clearance: Akwantufo sedan anaa hatchback a wɔtaa de di dwuma no wɔ sentimita 13 kosi 16 (nsateakwaa 5 kosi 6.3) a ɛda fam wɔ ne undercarriage point a ɛba fam koraa no ase (engine oil pan, anim subframe, ne exhaust catalytic converter). Crossovers, SUVs, ne pickup trucks wɔ sentimita 20 kosi 25 (nsateakwaa 8 kosi 10) a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri.
• Dɛn nti na ɔbotan anaa cinderblock a wobɛfa so wɔ wo kwan no mfinimfini no yɛ mfomso: Karkafo fi awosu mu de kar kwan ma enti ɔbotan kɛse bi fa wɔn benkum ne nifa tae ntam. Sɛ saa ɔbotan no tenten yɛ sɛntimita 18 (nsateakwaa 7) a, ɛbɛpa wo bamper kataso no yiye na afei abubu tẽẽ akɔ engine oil sump pan a ɛyɛ tratraa a wɔde ayɛ cast-aluminum anaa stamped-steel engine oil sump pan a ɛwɔ motor no ase no mu, na atow motor mu ngo lita 5 (lita 5.3) agu asphalt no so wɔ sikɔne aduasa mu.
• Sɛnea wobɛpopa ɔbotan anaa nnua a ne kɛse yɛ mfinimfini a wontumi nkwati sɛ wuntumi ntwa ho nhyia a: Sɛ mmati ban siw stiering kwan koraa wɔ ɔbotan anaa dua a ne kɛse yɛ sɛntimita 15 kosi 20 (nsateakwaa 6 kosi 8) ho a, fa w’anim ne w’akyi tae tẽẽ ON TOP of the ade no wɔ ɔfã biako sen sɛ wode besi mfinimfini wɔ ngo kyɛnsee no ase. Sɛ wo tae no foro kɔ ade no so a, suspension ne engine block no nyinaa ma soro denam ade no sorokɔ so, na ɛbɔ wo oil pan ne transmission ho ban bere a wo rɔba tae ne dade ntwahonan no twetwe adesoa no.

2. Sɛnea wobɛforo kɔnkrit kwan a ɛda hɔ a worenbɔ tae anaasɛ worenbubu tie-rod¶

Sɛ nneɛma a asɛe anaa kar bi a esiw wo kwan no twa wo kwan wɔ nkurow akɛse anaa nkurow no akyi a, kwan a ɛwɔ nkyɛnkyɛn, sare mfinimfini, anaa boulevard ne ɔkwan titiriw a wobɛfa so aguan:

1. Ɛyɛ brɛoo kɔ 15 kosi 25 km/h (10 kosi 15 mph): Sɛ wobɔ kɔnkrit curb a ɛyɛ nnam a ne tenten yɛ sɛntimita 15 (inch 6) a ɛda hɔ wɔ 60 km/h (mph 37) a, ɛbɔ tae no nkyɛnkyɛn no wɔ alloy wheel rim no so, na ɛma pinch-flat blowout ntɛm ara na ɛma anim suspension lower control arm anaa steering no kotow tie-rod a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma.
2. Bɛn curb no wɔ 35-to-45-degree diagonal angle: Mfa curb tenten bi da wɔ 5-degree grazing angle a ɛnyɛ den (a ɛtwetwe na ɛdan tae no kɔ nkyɛnkyɛn) na kwati sɛ wode anim ntwahonan abien no nyinaa bɛbɔ no awu bere koro mu (a ɛma jarring shock no mmɔho abien). Sɛ wode stia twa kwan no so wɔ 35-to-45-degree angle a, ɛma anim tae biako foro kɔ soro na ɛma anim tae no so ansa na anim tae a ɛto so abien no ne kɔnkrit anammɔn no adi nkitaho.
3. Fa throttle a ɛyɛ brɛoo, a ɛyɛ pintinn bere a anim tread no ka curb anim: Mfa breki no nkɔ milisecond pɛpɛɛpɛ a tae no bɛbɔ curb no (breki ma hwene no kɔ fam na ɛmia anim suspension springs Solid). Gyae breki pedal no ansa na wo ne no adi nkitaho na fa throttle a emu yɛ hare di dwuma sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a anim mu duru no bɛdan akɔ akyi kakra, na aboa ma anim ntwahonan no akɔ soro yiye wɔ ɔkwan a ɛda fam no so.

3. Akwanside ahorow a emu yɛ hare a wobɛpia a worenkanyan wo mframa bag ahorow no¶

Nnɛyi mframa bag Electronic Control Units (ECU) ntow ogya esiane sɛ wo plastic bamper cover no ayɛ mmerɛw nti; wɔkanyan bere a accelerometer sensor ahorow hu mpofirim, basabasayɛ a ɛma ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛne sɛ ɛbɛbɔ ɔfasu a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ bɛyɛ 22 kosi 25 km/h (14 kosi 16 mph) anaa nea ɛboro saa nkutoo.

• Wubetumi apia akɔ nkyɛn dwoodwoo: Plastic ntwahonan nwura kotoku, krataa nnaka, orange rɔba kar akwan, plastic adansi nsuhina (bere a anhwea nkotoku nni mu), nnua apɔnkɔ, brɔs nkorabata a ɛyɛ tratraa, ne nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn apon denam brɛoo a wobɛma akɔ 10 kosi 15 km/h (6 kosi 10 mph) enti wo bamper no di kan di nkitaho yiye, na afei mia accelerator no gyina hɔ pintinn de pia akwanside no fi wo kwan so.

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Wɔrebɔ wɔn ho ban afi afie-ka kar kwan ne apon-apon a wɔde bɛtow ahyɛ wɔn so no ho¶

Kar a wɔwia a wɔde wɔn ani asi so ne afie a wɔhyɛ wɔn so no ɔha biara mu nkyem kɛse si wɔ nsakrae beae pɔtee a ofirikafo bi dum ɔmanfo abɔnten so kɔ wɔn ankasa kar kwan a ɛyɛ sum so anaasɛ ɔtwɛn ma anyinam ahoɔden ahobammɔ pon bi bebue.

Home Arrival Counter-Ambush Nhwehwɛmu Nhoma no¶

• 1.1. Scan wo kar kwan so apron fi mita 30 (anammɔn 100) wɔ abɔnten so denam nnua a ɛkorɔn so: Ansa na wobɛyɛ sɛnkyerɛnne mpo sɛ wobɛdan akɔ wo kar kwan so no, hwɛ sɛ wɔamfa wo nwura kotoku, Amazon nneɛma a wɔde ahyɛ mu, anaa dua nkorabata bi ankɔ wo kar kwan no abrannaa no mfinimfini.
• 2.1. Sɛ biribiara siw wo kar kwan a, MMFA wo ho nkɔ mu na MMFI: Kɔ so fa kar twa wo fie ho tẽẽ wɔ abɔnten so, twa kwan no ho hyia anaa fa kar si abɔnten so kanea kɛse bi ase, na frɛ abusua no mufo a wɔwɔ fie no mu (anaa mpɔtam hɔ polisifo) ma wɔnhwɛ kar kwan ne ahobammɔ mfoninitwa mfiri ansa na woasan aba.
• 3.1. San kɔ wo kar kwan mu anaa twɛn wɔ abɔnten so bere a anyinam ahoɔden pon bi bue: Sɛ wowɔ kar kwan pon a wɔde kar di dwuma anaasɛ kar dan pon a ɛwɔ soro a, kanyan akyirikyiri ade a ɛbue no bere a wo kar no da so ara si abɔnten a ɛwɔ kwan a ɛda hɔ a ɛkɔ anim guankɔbea a wɔabue mu, sen sɛ wobɛtwe hwene-di kan akɔ mita 4 (anammɔn 13) a ɛyɛ owuyare chute a kar a ɛwɔ akyi betumi atwe w’akyi bamper no akyi na ada wo ato nea wɔato mu no mu apon ano.
• 4.1. Sɛ wokɔ kar dan a ɛbata ho mu pɛ a, hwɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛhwɛ akyi no kosi sɛ ɔpon a ɛwɔ soro no bɛka kɔnkrit fam: Ndum wo engine da anaasɛ mmue wo karkafo pon wɔ wo kar dan mu kosi sɛ wɔbɛto ɔpon a ɛwɔ soro no mu ɔha biara mu nkyem 100 na wɔakyekyere wɔ w’akyi.

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Nkyerɛwde a wɔde mena ntɛm ara ne dashcam adanse a wɔkora so¶

Sɛ wuguan fi ɔkwan a ɛsiw wo kwan anadwo, abotan a ɛtɔ gu fam, anaasɛ mframa ahwehwɛ mu nkesua a wobɛtow ahyɛ wo so a, ɛnyɛ sɛ sɛ wofrɛ wɔn a wɔde wɔn kɔ ntɛm ara ntɛm ara bere a worehuruhuruw a, ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛde polisifo bɛhyia wo wɔ abɔnten so a kanea wɔ so nko, na mmom egye ofirikafo a odi hɔ a odi w’akyi wɔ ɔkwan koro no ara so wɔ sikɔne 60 mu no nso fi karka a n’ani afura bɛkɔ afiri no mu.

Script 1: Ɔkwan so nwura afiri anaa overpass thrower a ɛreyɛ adwuma ho amanneɛbɔ a wɔde bɛma 911 / 112 / 999¶

"Mefrɛ sɛ memmɔ amanneɛ sɛ asiane bi a ɛyɛ nnam wɔ kwan so a wɔtow hyɛ nkurɔfo so wɔ [Highway / Road Name] a ɛde n’ani kyerɛ [North/South/East/West] wɔ [Mile Marker / Exit Number / Cross Street] pɛɛ. Obi [tow nkesua a wɔannoa / ɔtow ɔbotan bi fii overpass no so kɛkɛ / ɔde nnua akwaa ne cones sii kwan no atifi]. Mannyina na mereka kar dwoodwoo kɔ pɛtro adwumayɛbea a kanea wɔ so wɔ [Next Exit], nanso yɛsrɛ sɛ momfa akwan kɛse so ahwɛfo ntɛm ara ansa na kar foforo abɔ akwanside no."

Script 2: Abusua anaa polisifo a wobɛfrɛ bere a wɔasiw wo fie kar kwan anadwo no¶

"Mma abɔnten na ntoto ofie no apon mu. Obi atwe yɛn nwura kotokuo no atwa yɛn kar kwan no ase. Mantwe mu, mesan m'akyi na mede kar asi abɔnten so wɔ akanea ase refrɛ polisifoɔ sɛ wɔmmɛhwɛ gyaade hɔ seesei ara."

Dashcam video ne honam fam adanse a wɔbɛkora so ama ɔkwan kɛse so ahwɛfo¶

1. Mia manual "Event Lock / Save" button wɔ wo dashcam so ntɛm ara bere a woayi asiane no afi hɔ akyi: Efisɛ standard loop-recording dashcams kyerɛw footage so simma 60 kosi 120 biara, na esiane sɛ egg splat anaasɛ steering twa dua nkorabata ho hyia nti ntumi mma G-force a ɛdɔɔso a ɛbɛma automatic collision G-sensor no akanyan no, mia physical lock button no (wɔtaa hyɛ no agyirae a ahinanan kɔkɔɔ anaa nteɛm ahyɛnsode) wɔ wo dashcam so bere a woadu ahoɔhare a ahobammɔ wom so pɛn no enti sikani 30 a edi kan ansa na wɔabɔ wo so no yɛ nea wɔabɔ ho ban daa.
2. Nhohoro splatter no kosi sɛ wobɛtwa ho mfonini wɔ akanea a ɛhyerɛn ase: Sɛ wode kar si canopy akanea ase wɔ nnɔnhwerew 24 adwumayɛbea anaa polisifo adwumayɛbea a adagyew nnim no ase pɛ a, twa smartphone mfonini abien ntɛmntɛm a ɛkyerɛ mframa ahwehwɛ a apetepete, abotan a ɛbɔ agyiraehyɛde, anaa bamper scrape (ne tae no nkyɛnkyɛn biara a wɔato mu) ansa na woapopa ahwehwɛ no. Saa kyerɛwtohɔ a wɔde bere ahyɛ so a wɔde aniwa hu yi foa wo polisifo amanneɛbɔ no so na eyi akasakasa biara a wobetumi atew afi kar insurance mu no fi hɔ.

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Nsɛm a wɔtaa bisa¶

Sɛ obi tow nkesua a wɔannoa, paint, anaa nsu gu me mframa ahwehwɛ so bere a mereka kar anadwo a, dɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ?¶

Ma wo nsa mfi mframa ahwehwɛ a wɔde popa mframa ahwehwɛ no so koraa na npete nsu a wɔde hohoro nneɛma so. Sɛ wode wo wipers no yɛ adwuma a, ɛma ɛmo anaa ngo no trɛw fa ahwehwɛ no trɛw nyinaa mu, na sɛ wode nsu ka ho a, ɛma ɛmo mu protein yɛ emulsy ma ɛbɛyɛ fitaa a ɛyɛ den na ɛnyɛ hann a esiw w’ani so ɔha biara mu nkyem 95 ano. Gyae wiper ahorow no, hwɛ mmeae a ɛhɔ yɛ hann wɔ mframa ahwehwɛ no mu a atwa baabi a nsu apetepete no ho ahyia, ma w’apon mu to mu, na kɔ so ka kar kɔ baabi a kanea a ɛhyerɛn wɔ hɔ a nnipa dɔɔso wɔ hɔ a wɔde nnɔnhwerew 24 yɛ pɛtro adwumayɛbea anaa polisifo dan.

Na sɛ metwa benkum a ɛyɛ sum ho hyia anaasɛ metwe kɔ me kar kwan so na mihu nwura kotoku, nnua nkorabata, anaa keteke a hwee nni mu a esiw kwan no ano nso ɛ?¶

Mfa wo ho nkɔ Park da anaasɛ mfi wo kar no mu nkɔfa akwanside bi a wontumi nkyerɛkyerɛ mu nkɔ baabiara wɔ sum mu, bere a adwumayɛfo a wɔtow hyɛ nkurɔfo so no de nneɛma a asɛe gu akwan ne kar akwan so titiriw sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wɔbɛtwetwe karkafo afi wɔn kar a wɔatoto mu no mu bere a engine no reyɛ adwuma no. Breki brɛoo na gyina mita 10 kosi 15 (anammɔn 33 kosi 50) san fi akwanside no so a wo nnua a ɛkorɔn no ahyɛ mu, hwɛ w’akyi ahwehwɛ no mu, na san w’akyi tẽẽ kɔ ɔkwan kɛse no so, fa kar twa ade no ho hyia wɔ ɔkwan a ɛda fam anaa sare mmati so, anaasɛ pia brɛoo fa plastic nnaka a emu yɛ hare mu bere a worefrɛ 911, 112, anaa 999 no.

So metumi akɔ so aka kar sɛ akwan so nneɛma a asɛe anaa nnadewa tow me tae biako anaa nea ɛboro saa anadwo a?¶

Yiw, ɛnsɛ sɛ wugyina baabi a kanea nni hɔ anaasɛ atew ne ho da esiane sɛ tae bi ato anaasɛ asɛe nti. Wobetumi de kar biara a wɔde fa nnipa, SUV, anaa lɔre biara a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ no kilomita 3 kosi 8 (akwansin 2 kosi 5) wɔ ahoɔhare a ɛyɛ pintinn, a wɔatew so kilomita 30 kosi 50 dɔnhwerew biara (mph 20 kosi 30) wɔ tae biako anaa anan mpo a ayɛ mmerɛw koraa anaasɛ dade ntwahonan a ɛda hɔ kwa so fa stia no mu denneennen, dan wo hazard flashers, na kɔ so hwirew kosi sɛ wubedu abɔnten so anaa polisifo adwumayɛbea a kanea pa wɔ hɔ a adwumayɛfo wɔ hɔ nnɔnhwerew 24.

Mɛyɛ dɛn de kar afa ɔbotan tenten bi so dwoodwoo anaasɛ maforo kɔnkrit kwan a ɛda fam so sɛ wɔhyɛ me ma mifi kwan so ma miguan fi baabi a wɔbɛtow ahyɛ me so a?¶

Sɛ wopɛ sɛ woforo kɔnkrit kwan a ɛyɛ sɛntimita 15 (nsateakwaa 6) a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ a worenbɔ tae anaasɛ worenbubu wo stia no a, fa brɛoo kɔ kilomita 15 kosi 25 dɔnhwerew biara (mph 10 kosi 15) na bɛn kwan no so wɔ diagonal angle a ɛyɛ digrii 35 kosi 45 sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a anim ntwahonan biako bɛforo akɔ soro ansa na foforo no aba. Sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woka kar twa ɔbotan tenten anaa cinderblock bi a ɛwɔ kwan so na wuntumi mfa kwan nkɔ mmati so a, mfa wo ho nhyɛ ɔbotan no so nkɔ wo kar no mfinimfini da baabi a ɛbɛbubu wo engine mu ngo kyɛnsee a ɛsensɛn fam no; mmom no, fa wo tae no to ade no fã biako so tẽẽ na ama teaseɛnam no ase pefee.

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Sources a wɔhwɛɛ mu¶

• Ɔman Aban Ahobammɔ Dwumadibea (DSS) ne Ɔman Mmarahyɛ Bagua Ntetee Asoɛe (FLETC, United States): Ahobanbɔ Karka a Wɔde Ko Tia-Abush Mfiridwuma, Ɔkwan a Wɔsiw ne Nneɛma a Asɛe a Wɔkwati, Curb-Climbing Physics, ne Visual Obstruction Protocols.
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) ne National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA, United States): Asiane a Ɛwɔ Ɔkwan Kɛseɛ So Overpass Projectile Asiane, Ɔkwan a Wɔfa so Siw Kar a Wɔfa Wɔ Akwankyerɛ So, ne Flat-Tire Guankɔbea Ho Nhyehyɛeɛ.
• Ɔman Polisifoɔ Panyin Badwa (NPCC) ne Akwan Kɛseɛ England / Ɔman Akwan Kɛseɛ (United Kingdom): Anadwo Karkwan mu Nneɛma a Asɛe Ho Amanneɛbɔ, Mframa ahwehwɛ a Wɔde Siesie Nneɛma a Wɔde Ko Tia, ne Safe Haven Driving.
• South Africa Polisifoɔ Dwumadibea (SAPS) ne Kar Fekuo (AA) Ɔkwan Kɛseɛ so Ahobanbɔ Ho Amanneɛbɔ: Nneɛma a Wɔde Ko tia Anadwo Ɔkwan so Spike Mfiri, Abotan a Wɔde Siw Ano, ne Mframa ahwehwɛ mu Nkesua/Ngo a Wɔde Tow Wɔn Ho.

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Akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa ho¶

• Ɔkwan ho ɔhɔho mmoa afiri, staged bump, ne Samariani Pa a wɔtow hyɛɛ wɔn so
• Kar a wɔwia ho banbɔ: tebea ho nimdeɛ, nkwagye ho akwan horow, ne mmofra a woyi wɔn fi mu ho nhyehyɛe ahorow
• Kar a nnipadɔm atwa ho ahyia ne ɔkwan a wɔasiw no nkwa
• Polisifo atoro pullover, obi a ɔyɛ ne ho sɛ kar a onni agyiraehyɛde, ne ɔkorɔmfo a wɔde kanea bruu di dwuma
• Sɛ wodi wɔn akyi wɔ nantew anaa kar mu
• Emergency nɔma ahorow ho kyerɛwtohɔ