Aguadi mu Ntamahoro Extractor Spin-Basket Entanglement ne Flatwork Ironer Draw-In Nkwagye¶

Aguadi, ahɔhodan, ayaresabea, ne afiase mmeae a wɔhoro nneɛma yɛ mfiridwuma mu mfiri ahorow abiɛsa a ɛka nneɛma akɛse a ɛkyinkyini, mframa anaa nsu a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma a ɛyɛ tɔn pii, ne ɔhyew a ɛboro so bom: ahoɔhare kɛse centrifugal washer-extractors, heated calender flatwork ironers (mangles), ne pneumatic garment steam presses. Sɛ mfiridwuma mu washer-extractor twitwa nwera a ɛyɛ nsuo a ɛyɛ 50-kɔsi 400-kilogram (110-to-880-pound) adesoa a ɛyɛ nsuo a ɛyɛ 600 kɔsi 1,200 wɔ simma biara mu (rpm) de yi nsuo a ɛyɛ 200 kɔsi 400 G-force a, dadeɛ a ɛnyɛ den sankuo a wɔato mu no sie ahoɔden a ɛma ɛyɛ adwuma te sɛ ahoɔhare kar a wɔde di dwuma. Sɛ ɔpon a wɔde nneɛma gu mu no electro-mechanical safety interlock switch no di nkogu, wɔde teyp anaa jumper wire twa ho hyia, anaasɛ ebue bere a sanku no da so ara rekɔ fam, na odwumayɛni bi de ne nsa kɔ mu sɛ ɔretwe mpa so ntama a wɔakyinkyim no a, ntama a ɛkyinkyini no kyere wɔn nsateaa na ɛtetew basa no fi mmati no so (traumatic forequarter or transhumeral avulsion amputation) anaasɛ ɛtwe wɔn ti ne torso kɔ sanku a ɛretwintwam no mu wɔ nea ennu sikɔne 0.2 mu.

Saa ara na asiane kɛse ne a wɔaka abom thermal crush-burn ("hot press" anaa calender roller injury) a ɛwɔ flatwork ironer anaa pneumatic laundry press mu. Mfiridwuma mu dade a ɛyɛ tratraa twe mpa so ntama ne pon so ntama a ɛyɛ nwini wɔ dade a wɔde twitwiw nneɛma a emu yɛ duru ne nnaka a wɔde nsuonwini ayɛ no hyew, wɔde gas ayɛ no hyew, anaasɛ wɔde ngo a ɛyɛ hyew ayɛ no hyew a ɛyɛ 160 kosi 200 digrii Celsius (320 kosi 392 digrii Fahrenheit) ntam. Sɛ obi a ɔyɛ adwuma no nsateaa buta anaasɛ ɛhwe ase wɔ anim nsateaa-guard panic bar a ɛnsɛ ase a, aduanma abɔso ne dade cylinder a ɛyɛ hyew no twe nsa ne anim nsa no kɔ nip point no mu bere a ɛrenoa honam ani, ntini, ne dompe a abubu no wɔ bɛyɛ digrii Celsius 200 no. Sɛ wunim sɛnea wobɛbɔ nsateaa-awɛmfo trip bar a ne trɛw nyinaa na wogyae roller nhyɛso ANSA na wobɛtwe nsa a akyea no akɔ akyi, sɛnea wobɛbɔ breki na woato coasting centrifuge extractor mu, ne sɛnea wobɛma nsa a wɔaka abom a ɛyɛ thermal-crush nsa apirakuru no ayɛ nwini no gye nkwa ne nsa. Hwɛ nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ, . nam a wɔde twitwiw nneɛma a wɔtɔn, nea wɔde fra mmɔre, ne adidibea mfiri a wɔde kyere nneɛma, . twa a wotwa ne akwaa a wɔatwa no a wɔkora so, na ɔhyew.

Yɛ eyi mprempren¶

1. Bɔ anim ahobammɔ ehu bar a ne tɛtrɛtɛ nyinaa (finger-guard bar) no so anaasɛ bɔ nsenia kɔkɔɔ no Emergency Stop (E-Stop) button no ntɛm ara sɛ wɔtwe odwumayɛni bi nsa kɔ aguadidan mu dade a ɛyɛ tratraa mu anaasɛ wɔde hyɛ mframa a wɔde yɛ nsu a ɛyɛ hyew ase a. Mmɔ mmɔden da sɛ wobɛtwe nea wɔakum no no nsa a wɔakyere no no de ahoɔden akɔ akyi bere a dade a wɔde hyɛ mu a ɛyɛ hyew no da so ara wɔ hɔ no wɔakyekyere no; nsa a wɔanoa a wɔabubu no a wɔtwe fa nip point a ɛyɛ den mu no yi honam ani ntini ne ntini nyinaa fi nnompe no so (thermal degloving).
2. Gyae mfiri, mframa, anaa nsuo a ɛkyekyere nhyɛsoɔ a ɛwɔ ironer roller anaa steam press ti a ɛyɛ hyeɛ no so NTAM NTAM sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a dadeɛ a ɛyɛ hyeɛ no bɛma so afiri nea wɔayɛ no bɔne no nsa mu wɔ sikɔne kakraa bi mu. Sikɔne biara a ɛne 180-degree-Celsius (356-degree-Fahrenheit) dadeɛ koko no dane fã bi a ɛyɛ den a wɔtumi gye hyew ma nsateaa a ɛyɛ den koraa a ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wotwa:
3. Wɔ Flatwork Ironer so: Fa automatic roller lift / canopy raise switch no yɛ adwuma, bue pneumatic air-dump valve, anaa fa manual emergency hand-crank / lever a ɛwɔ afã frame no so no ma padded pressure roll no so fi steam/gas adaka a ɛyɛ hyew no so na fa nsa dannan roll no kɔ akyi.
4. Wɔ Pneumatic Steam Press so: Bɔ dual-button head release / red E-Stop anaa twe manual compressed-air exhaust dump valve wɔ akyi pneumatic cylinder no so na ama counterbalanced upper buck spring no abue; sɛ sanba spring no abubu a, fa crowbar anaa nnua 2x4 pry upper buck no bue ntɛm ara.
5. Sɛ odwumayɛni bi nsa anaa ne nipadua kyere wɔ washer-extractor anaa industrial tumble dryer a ɛrehuruhuruw mu a, bɔ E-Stop kɔkɔɔ no na bue ɔfasu titiriw no anyinam ahoɔden a ɛtwa mu no, afei twɛn ma sanku no nnyae koraa ansa na adu mu. Mfa wo nsa anaa poma nni dwuma da mfa mmɔ mmɔden sɛ wubesiw coasting 200-kilogram (440-pound) centrifuge spin kɛntɛn; sɛ wokyere ntama a ɛyɛ nsu wɔ coasting drum mu a, ɛbɛkyekyere w’ankasa wo nsa akɔ afiri no mu.
6. Frɛ wo mpɔtam hɔ ntɛmpɛ nɔma (911 wɔ United States ne Canada, 112 wɔ Europa Aman Nkabom no nyinaa mu, 999 wɔ United Kingdom) na bɔ amanneɛ sɛ "High-speed commercial laundry centrifuge amputation/entrapment" anaa "Heated industrial ironer thermal crush-burn entrapment." Bisa Fire-Rescue heavy extrication tools ne ALS paramedics; check nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ.
7. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wotwa centrifuge avulsion a mogya tu a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu a, fa windlass tourniquet gu so sentimita 5 kosi 7 (nsateakwaa 2 kosi 3) wɔ amputation stump no atifi ntɛm ara, anaasɛ fa gauze a ɛma mogya tu anaa sterile hyehyɛ mmati socket (axilla) no denneennen na fa nsa abien nhyɛso a ɛkɔ so tẽẽ kura mu sɛ wɔtetew abasa no mu kɔ soro dodo sɛ tourniquet. San na fa ɔhonam akwaa a wɔatwa no nnwo yiye wɔ nsukyenee-nsu slurry bag so; hwɛ mogya a ɛretu na twa a wotwa ne akwaa a wɔatwa no a wɔkora so.
8. Sɛ wogyae nsa anaa basa bi fi flatwork ironer anaa steam press a ɛyɛ hyew mu pɛ a, fa tap nsu a ɛho tew a ɛyɛ nwini (15 kosi 20 degrees Celsius / 59 kosi 68 degrees Fahrenheit) gugu ɔhonam akwaa a ahyew na wɔabubu no so ntɛm ara simma 20 bere a woreyi nkaa anaa watch biara a ɛwɔ nsateaa a enhyew so no. Mfa nsukyenee anaa nsukyenee nsu nhyɛ a nsa a abubu, ahyew, bere a awɔw a ano yɛ den ma ntini no mu yɛ den a ɛsɛe borderline ischemic tissue.

Gyinaesi dua: aguadidan mu ntadehoro afiri, flatwork ironer, ne steam press gyegye¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Aguadi Mfiri a Wɔhoro Ntɛmntɛm"] --> Machine{"Afiri a wɔde horo nneɛma bɛn na ɛfa ho?"}
    Machine -->|"Washer-Extractor / Centrifuge Spin Basket a wɔde hyɛ mu"| Extractor["1. Hit kɔkɔɔ E-Stop na flip ɔfasu anyinam ahoɔden twa OFF; 2. MFA nsa da hɔ mfa wo nsa nkɔ sanku a wɔde twitwiw anaa ɛbɔ mpoano mu; 3. Twɛn ma dynamic/friction breki no nsiw kɛntɛn no koraa; 4. Fa tourniquet anaa junctional axillary kuru packing gu avulsed abasa; 5. Fa ɔhonam akwaa a wɔatwa no sie wɔ gauze a ɛyɛ nwini mu wɔ plastic bag mu wɔ nsukyenee-nsu so"]
    Machine -->|"Ɔhyew Flatwork Ironer (Calender Roller) Nsa a Wɔde Twe Mu"| Ironer["1. Slap nyinaa-trɛw anim nsateaa-awɛmfo ehu bar & bɔ E-Stop; 2. MMFA nsa a wɔakyere no nkɔ akyi mfa nip point a ɛyɛ den no so; 3. Gyae pneumatic/spring roller pressure ANAA crank manual handwheel no na ma roll no so fi 180 C (356 F) koko a ɛyɛ hyew no so ntɛm ara; 4. Fa crush-burn a wɔagyae no nwini wɔ tap nsu a ɛretu a ɛyɛ nwini ase simma 20"]
    Machine -->|"Mframa Atade / Nwera Steam Press Ti Pinning"| SteamPress["1. Hit E-Stop / ntɛmpɛ ti-release button ntɛm ara; 2. Sɛ ti no tra fam a, yi mframa a wɔahyɛ no den cylinder valve a ɛwɔ press no akyi; 3. Pry soro ɔhyew buck kɔ soro ne pry bar ne block bue; 4. Fa tap nsu a ɛretu no nwini a wɔaka abom steam/contact crush-burn simma 20"]
    Machine -->|"Nantew-In / Twam-Fa Industrial Tunnel Washer anaa Dryer"| Tunnel["1. Hit E-Stop na to main steam, gas, ne anyinam ahoɔden a wɔatwa mu; 2. Bue akwan a wɔfa so kɔ hɔ na ama nsuonwini a ɛrehyew ne mframa a ɛyɛ hyew akɔ mu; 3. Yi adwumayɛfo denam Confined Space protocol so na sa ɔhyew / scalds sa"]
    Extractor --> EMS["Frɛ 911 / 112 / 999 ma Level 1 Trauma, Nsa a Wɔsan Dua, anaa Regional Burn Center akwantuo"]
    Ironer --> EMS
    SteamPress --> EMS
    Tunnel --> EMS

Aguadi mu washer-extractor ne centrifugal hydro-extractor asiane ahorow¶

Nea enti a nwera a ɛyɛ nsu a wɔkyinkyim no yɛ adwuma te sɛ winch a ahoɔden kɛse wom¶

Wɔ aguadidan a wɔhoro nneɛma mu no, woyi nsu fi ntama a wɔahohoro, mpopaho, ne ntade mu wɔ high-speed washer-extractor a wɔaka abom mu anaasɛ wɔ dedicated top-loading vertical centrifugal hydro-extractor ("spinner") mu. Wɔ extraction spin cycle no mu no, stainless-steel kɛntɛn a wɔato mu no di akɔneaba wɔ 600 kosi 1,200 rpm.

Nneɛma abien a ɛwɔ nipadua mu ma kɛntɛn a wɔde horo nneɛma a ɛretwintwam no yɛ nea edi awu soronko sɛ wokɔ mu ansa na wɔagyae koraa (zero-speed state):

1. Massive rotational inertia and long coast-down times: Adesoa a wɔde di gua a ɛyɛ cotton ntama a ɛyɛ nsu no mu duru yɛ kilogram 100 kosi 400 (nkaribo 220 kosi 880) a wɔde plaster abɔ dade a ɛnyɛ den sanku a emu yɛ duru akyi twa ho hyia, na ɛyɛ adwuma sɛ flywheel kɛse. Sɛ ɛlɛtrɔnik dynamic breki anaa pneumatic friction breki no sɛe anaasɛ ɛdi huammɔ a, sanku no kɔ so di akɔneaba komm denam inertia kronkron so simma 2 kosi 5 bere a cycle timer no aba awiei no.
2. Tensile lock of twisted wet fabric: Wet cotton anaa polyester-blend bedsheets a wɔakyinkyim no abom wɔ 300 G-force wɔ tensile breaking strength a ɛyɛ kilogram mpem pii. Sɛ odwumayɛni bi a onni abotare bue washer-extractor pon a ne zero-speed interlock switch abubu anaasɛ wɔatwa ho ahyia na ɔde ne nsa kɔ mu sɛ ɔretwe ntama bi ntwea bi bere a sanku no da so ara dannan 60 kosi 100 rpm mpo a, ntama a ɛyɛ nsu no kyekyere wɔn nsa ne wɔn anim abasa denneennen te sɛ constrictor knot. Wɔ sekan fã ketewaa bi mu no, ade a ɛkyinkyini no kyinkyim basa no twa mfinimfini kwan no ho hyia, na ɛma spiral comminuted fracture of the radius, ulna, ne humerus a ɛno akyi no, avulsion amputation koraa wɔ elbow anaa shoulder socket no so, anaasɛ ɛtwe odwumayɛni no ti ne ne soro nipadua fa ɔpon no kurukuruwa no mu.

Ahobanbɔ ho nhyehyɛe a ɛyɛ ahyɛde (OSHA 1910.264, ANSI L1.1, & EN ISO 10472) .¶

Wɔ OSHA 29 CFR 1910.264©(1) & (2), ANSI Z8.1 / L1.1, UK HSE Ntamahoro Akwankyerɛ, ne European Standard EN ISO 10472-2 ase no, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde:

• A tamper-resistant electromechanical door interlock NE zero-speed motion sensor: Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde honam fam siw loading pon anaa soro lid no kwan sɛ ɛbɛbue bere a emu kɛntɛn no redi akɔneaba, na ɛsɛ sɛ wosiw drive motor no kwan sɛ ɛnhyɛ aseɛ berɛ a ɔpon no abue. Nea ɛho hia no, sɛ breki no di huammɔ a, timer lock a ɛnyɛ den nnɔɔso; nnɛyi ahobammɔ gyinapɛn ahorow hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde rotation-sensing (zero-speed) lock a ɛma ɔpon no solenoid no kɔ so yɛ bolted kosi sɛ wobesi basket rotation so dua wɔ 0 rpm.
• Da biara da interlock verification: Sɛ wobetumi atwe washer-extractor anaa tumble dryer pon biara abue bere a drum no redan a, ɛsɛ sɛ wɔto afiri no mu ntɛm ara na wɔde padlock to mu a ɛnyɛ adwuma (Lockout/Tagout) kosi sɛ mfiridwumayɛfo a ɔfata besiesie.

Flatwork ironer (calender roller) twetwe-in ne ɔhyew-abubu opira¶

Sɛnea dade a wɔde dade ayɛ a ɛyɛ tratraa de adwenemhaw a ɛyɛ hu a wɔaka abom a ɛyɛ akisikuru ne ɔhyew ba¶

Aguadi flatwork ironer (calender anaa mangle) dade mpa so ntama, pillowcases, ne tablecloths a ɛyɛ nsuo de ahoɔhare mita 5 kɔsi 50 simma biara (anammɔn 15 kɔsi 165 simma biara). Ɛdenam sɛnea wɔayɛ no so no, ɛde:

• Chest-type (Roll-and-Chest) Ironer: Dade akɛse a wɔde padded ayɛ biako kosi anan pressure rollers (a wɔde Nomex/aramide felt a ɛko tia ɔhyew ne springs abɔ mu) de mframa anaa mfiri spring ahoɔden newton mpempem pii mia ntama a ɛyɛ nwini no kɔ fam kɔ dade a wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ, a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa koko (bed) a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔde nhyɛso kɛse ahyɛ mu hyew wɔ ntam nsuonwini (8 kosi 13 bar / 115 kosi 190 psi), ngo a ɛyɛ hyew, anaa gas a wɔde hyew nneɛma a ɛkɔ 160 kosi 200 digrii Celsius (320 kosi 392 digrii Fahrenheit).
• Cylinder-type (Return-Ribbon) Ironer: Canvas anaa Nomex feeding ribbons (belts) soa nwera no twa dade cylinder kɛseɛ a ɛkyinkyini a ɛyɛ hyew (160 kɔsi 190 degrees Celsius) ho hyia.

Sɛ obi a ɔyɛ adwuma de ntama a ɛyɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nsensanee no anim kɔ intake feeding belts no so a, wɔn nsateaa ano betumi akyere ntama a ɛyɛ nsu a wɔabobɔw anaasɛ akɔkyere aduanma ribbon a atetew so. Sɛ wɔde anim ahobammɔ nsateaa-guard bar a ɛkɔ soro dodo wɔ intake menewa no so no si soro dodo (bɛboro milimita 10 kosi 12 wɔ abɔso no atifi), wɔde lint abata ho, anaasɛ microswitch a adi mfomso wɔ mu a, wɔtwe nea ɔde di dwuma no nsateaa, ne nsa, ne ne nsateaa tẽẽ kɔ in-running nip point a ɛda pressure roller ne no ntam no mu 180-degree-Celsius (356-degree-Fahrenheit) dade adaka.

Nea enti a "Thermal Crush" yɛ bɔne koraa sen ɔhyew a ɛnyɛ den anaasɛ crush a ɛnyɛ den¶

Nsa ho oprehyɛn ho animdefo bu dade a wɔde dade ayɛ a ɛyɛ tratraa anaasɛ nea wɔde hyɛ obi a ɛyɛ hyew mu sɛ apira a wɔde thermal-crush a wɔaka abom, a ɛyɛ apirakuru a ɛsɛe ade sen biara wɔ nipadua no atifi wɔ nnuruyɛ mu no mu biako:

1. Simultaneous mechanical compression and deep conductive heat transfer: Flash burns a ɛyɛ daa anaasɛ contact burns bere tiaa bi no ka akyi epidermis nkutoo efisɛ onipa no twe ne nsa kɔ akyirikyiri wɔ sikɔne 0.2 mu. Wɔ flatwork ironer anaa steam press mu no, mframa roller no kura nsa no a wɔakyekyere no wɔ nhyɛso kilogram ɔhaha pii ase tẽẽ atia 180-degree-Celsius dade. Mfiri nhyɛso no piapia mogya a ɛbɔ ho ban nyinaa fi honam ani ntini nketenkete no mu (a ɛtaa de ɔhyew kɔ) na ɛma nsa no yɛ petee ma ɛyɛ ne kɛse fã, na ɛde ɔhyew a edi awu kɔ akyi honam ani, ntini a ɛtrɛw, nkwaa mu ntini, metacarpal nnompe, ne nsateaa ntini mu ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no mu tẽẽ wɔ sekan 5 kosi 15 mu.
2. Compartment syndrome beneath inelastic leather eschar: Ɔhyew no ma nsa no honam ani yɛ den ma ɛyɛ aboa nhoma a ɛyɛ den a entumi nkɔ fam (third-degree eschar), bere a mfiri a ɛbɔ no ma ntini ne ntini a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no hohoro kɛse wɔ nsa ne anim nsateaa a ɛyɛ den no mu. Sɛ wɔannye oprehyɛn ankɔ so ntɛmntɛm (escharotomy ne fasciotomy), nhyɛso a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu no sɛe ntini ne ntini mu ntini biara a enyaa nkwa wɔ ɔhyew a edi kan no mu.

Anamɔn biara a wɔde yi fi flatwork ironer a ɛyɛ hyew mu (MMFA NTWE AKYI) .¶

Sekan biara a nea wɔakum no no nsa bɛkɔ so amia dade a ɛyɛ digrii Celsius 180 no koko anaa cylinder no sɛe ntini ne dompe a emu dɔ. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔn a wogye nkurɔfo nkwa no yɛ adwuma wɔ wɔ sikɔne 15 ase denam mfiri a wɔde di dwuma nnidiso nnidiso pɛpɛɛpɛ yi so:

1. Slap anim ahobammɔ nsateaa-guard bar a ne trɛw nyinaa na bɔ E-Stop button kɔkɔɔ no:
2. Wɔ nnɛyi dade a ɛne mmara hyia (OSHA 1910.264©(3) / EN ISO 10472-5) so no, wɔayɛ anim nsateaa-guard bar no a wobɛbɔ anaasɛ wobɛbɔ E-Stop no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛtwa motor ahoɔden no ankasa NA ɛbɛma mframa a ɛwɔ mframa mu no mu mframa akɔ mu ma enti nhyɛsoɔ a emu yɛ duru roller no ma soro 5 kɔsi 10 centimeters (2 kɔsi 4 inches) akɔ soro afiri no so koko a ɛyɛ hyew (anaasɛ ɛma koko a ɛyɛ hyew no to fam).
3. Sɛ roller no NNI soro ankasa a, gyae roller pressure no nsa ntɛm ara:
4. MMFA nea wɔayɛ no bɔne no nsateaa na ntwe wɔn nsa nkɔ n’akyi DA bere a nhyɛso rola no da so ara abɔ wɔn nsa so no; wobɛyi were ne ntini a wɔanoa no afiri nsateaa no so koraa.
5. Wɔ pneumatic-lift ironers so: Hwehwɛ manual air-bleed / dump valve wɔ pneumatic cylinder housing a ɛwɔ afiri no nkyɛn (anaasɛ twa/twa plastic compressed-air supply tubing a ɛma down-stroke port no aduan bere a woato main air valve no akyi) sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a roller no bɛma so anaasɛ gyae clamping tension.
6. Wɔ mfiri / spring-loaded anaa canopy ironers so: Fa dedicated emergency manual hand-crank (handwheel) a wɔde asie wɔ ironer no afã frame no so, fa hyɛ roller-lift shaft no so, na crank roller/canopy no UP fi koko a ɛyɛ hyew no so, afei fa manual drive socket no dan roller no kɔ akyi de roll nsa no brɛoo fi intake no mu menewa mu.
7. Hwie nsuo a ɛho tew a ɛyɛ nwini gu nsa a wɔakyere no so NKUTOO sɛ extrication no akyɛ NA ironer no yɛ steam-heated (ƐNYƐ thermal-oil anaa exposed electric):
8. Sɛ nsa no kyekyere bɛboro sikɔne 30 wɔ steam-heated koko so bere a mfɛfo adwumayɛfo reyɛ cranking roller no a, tap nsu a ɛho tew a ɛyɛ nwini a wohwie gu nsa ne roller a wɔakyere no so tẽẽ no boa ma ɛtwetwe ɔhyew a ɛkɔ.
9. KƆBƆ: Mfa nsuo ngu ironer a wɔde high-temperature thermal oil (fluid heat transfer) ayɛ no hyew so da sɛ ngo paipu bi retu a, na di kan yi anyinam ahoɔden fi mu.

Pneumatic ntadehoro steam press crush-hyew nkwagye¶

Dry cleaners a wɔtɔn ne ahɔhodan/ayaresabea ntadehoro de scissor-action pneumatic utility press, shirt presses, ne collar/cuff presses di dwuma. Dade ti a ɛwɔ soro a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa (atifi buck), a ɛde nsuonwini a ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse a ɛwɔ mu ma ɛyɛ hyew kodu 150 kosi 180 digrii Celsius (300 kosi 356 digrii Fahrenheit), pae kɔ fam kɔ ​​ase buck a wɔde ntama ayɛ a mframa a wɔahyɛ no den cylinder na ɛka no so wɔ 5 kosi 7 bar (70 kosi 100 psi).

Ɛwom sɛ wɔhwehwɛ sɛ mfiri a wɔde tintim no nya nsa abien a wɔde pia bɔton so (ɛhyɛ nea ɔde di dwuma no ma ɔde ne nsa abien nyinaa di dwuma wɔ bɔton a ɛwɔ baabi a wɔde mia no akyi kosi sɛ ti no bɛto mu) de, nanso opira taa ba bere a:

• Obi a ɔyɛ adwuma no de dua, mu duru, anaa teyp bi hyɛ mu de kura bɔtn biako mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi de wɔn nsa a ɛho nni asɛm no ayɛ atade bi a ɛyɛ mmerɛw bere a wɔremia bɔtn a aka no so no.
• Adwumayɛfo baanu bom de mfiri biako yɛ adwuma a wonnim sɛ ɔfoforo no remia bɔtn a wɔde to mu no.
• Mframa solenoid valve bi bata anaasɛ counterbalance return spring pae, na ɛma soro buck a ne mu duru yɛ kilogram 50 (nkaribo 110) a ɛyɛ hyew no bɔ fam mpofirim wɔ nea ɔde di dwuma no nsa so.

Ntɛm ara nkwagye anammɔn ma steam press pinning:

1. Mia Release / Emergency Open button kɔkɔɔ a ɛwɔ control console no so ntɛm ara.
2. Sɛ soro buck no kɔ so hyɛ abasa no so a: Hwɛ press no akyi adum no, dum compressed air supply valve no, na twe manual exhaust relief ring (anaasɛ sansan mframa hose fitting a ɛwɔ closing cylinder no so) no na ama mframa nhyɛsoɔ a ɛkura ti no akɔ fam no afiri mu.
3. Ma so na gyina soro buck a ɛyɛ hyew no so: Esiane sɛ soro buck no yɛ spring-counterbalanced nti, mframa a wɔde yi mframa cylinder no taa ma wotumi pia soro ti no tẽẽ kɔ soro denam ne nsa a insulated no so; sɛ spring a ɛsan ba no abubu a, fa dade pry bar anaa nnua 2x4 to buck no ase ano ne buck rim a ɛwɔ soro no ntam na ama so afi nea wɔayɛ no bɔne no basa so ntɛm ara.

Mmoa a edi kan a wɔde ma wɔ thermal-crush ne centrifuge a wɔaka abom a wɔde horo nneɛma ho¶

1. Ntɛm ara onwini ne kuru hwɛ ma flatwork ironer ne steam press hyew¶

Sɛ wɔma nsa anaa anim abasa no fi dade anaa steam press a ɛyɛ hyew no mu pɛ a:

1. Fa tap nsu a ɛyɛ nwini (15 kosi 20 C / 59 kosi 68 F) gugu so simma 20 a edi mũ:
2. Ntini a emu dɔ a wɔabɔ no dade a ɛyɛ digrii Celsius 180 no kura ɔhyew a ahintaw a ɛkɔ so noa ntini ne ntini ahorow simma pii bere a wɔayi afi hɔ akyi. Nsu a wɔde gugu nnɔbae so simma 20 ntɛm ara no ma ɔhyew a ɛkɔ so no gyae na ɛtew edema so; hwɛ ɔhyew.
3. Mfa nsukyenee anaa nsukyenee nsu nni dwuma da, a ɛma ntini no mu yɛ den kɛse na ɛma ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ nsa a wɔabubu mu no mu dɔ.
4. Yi agude ne dɔn nyinaa ntɛm ara, nanso MMFA ntama a akyea anaa wo were a ahyew no mfi hɔ:
5. Twitwa ntama a wɔde ntama a ayɛ mmerɛw biara a atwa abasa no ho ahyia no, nanso sɛ ntama a wɔde ayɛ a ahyew no nwene kɔ were a ahyew no mu a, gyaw no ma ɛnyɛ oprehyɛn twitwa na ɛnnwo wɔ so pɛɛ.
6. Fa dry sterile non-stick gauze anaa plastic cling film a ɛho tew kyekyere ho, splint loosely, na ma so yiye wɔ koma mu anaasɛ ɛboro so kakra:
7. Mfa aduru kurukuruwa nkyekyere nsa a wɔde thermal-crush mmɔ ho denneennen da; sɛ ɛho ahonhon a, ɛbɛma nhyɛso a ɛwɔ dan mu no akɔ soro ntɛmntɛm.
8. Fa kɔ ayaresabea ntɛm ara a ** Regional Burn Center ne Hand Surgery tumi nyinaa**, efisɛ oprehyɛn a egye ntɛmpɛ escharotomy (a wɔde twitwa honam ani a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ den no mu) ne fasciotomy (ntini a emu dɔ a wobue) no taa hwehwɛ wɔ nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi mu na wɔagye nsateaa no hwɛ crush opira ne compartment syndrome.

2. Mogya a ɛba no ano aduru ma centrifuge extractor avulsion opira¶

Sɛ afiri a wɔde horo nneɛma a ɛde ahoɔhare kɛse twitwiw nsa bi wɔ anim, ne nsateaa, anaa ne mmati so na ɛtetew mu a:

1. Fa windlass tourniquet gu so sɛ proximal limb stump da so ara wɔ hɔ a: Fa windlass tourniquet a wɔtɔn (te sɛ CAT anaa SOFTT-W) sentimita 5 kosi 7 (inches 2 kosi 3) gu baabi a nusu no wɔ wɔ wo nsa atifi no atifi na twitwa windlass no kosi sɛ mogya kɔkɔɔ a ɛhyerɛn no begyae koraa; hwɛ mogya a ɛretu.
2. Fa Junctional Wound Packing di dwuma sɛ abasa no avulsed wɔ shoulder socket (axilla): Sɛ wɔtetew akwaa no mu bɛn mmati no dodo sɛ circumferential tourniquet bɛhyɛ mu a, fa hemostatic gauze anaa plain sterile gauze rolls gu axillary wound cavity no mu tẽẽ tia axillary/subclavian artery a atetew no so na fa wo full mia fam nipadua mu duru a wɔde nsa abien no nyinaa di dwuma bere nyinaa kosi sɛ nnuruyɛfo a wɔboa nkurɔfo bɛba.
3. Fa akwaa a wɔatwa no fi ntadehoro sanku no mu bere a wɔato anyinam ahoɔden no mu na ɛkyinkyini no yɛ 0 rpm akyi nkutoo: Yi ɔhonam akwaa a wɔatwa no brɛoo fi ntama a wɔakyinkyim no so, kyekyere ho wɔ gauze a ɛnyɛ ɔyare mmoawa a wɔde nkyene ayɛ mu ma mu, kata so wɔ plastic bag a nsu ntumi nkɔ mu mu, na fa saa kotoku no to 50/50 nsukyenee a wɔabubu ne nsu slurry so de fa abodwokyɛre; hwɛ twa a wotwa ne akwaa a wɔatwa no a wɔkora so.

Mpɔtam hɔ ntɛmpɛ nɔma ne adwumakuw no nhyehyɛe ahorow¶

Sɛ worefrɛ adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ so ama aguadidan mu ntadehoro afiri a, kyerɛ sɛ ebia nea wɔakum no no da so ara de mfiri akɔda ironer/extractor mu (ɛhwehwɛ sɛ woyi Fire-Rescue yi fi mu) na ka no pefee sɛ ebia sa no hyew a wɔaka abom a ɛyɛ 180-degree-Celsius thermal crush-burn anaasɛ high-speed rotational avulsion amputation wɔ hɔ anaa. Hwɛ nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ.

Nsɛm a wɔtaa bisa¶

Dɛn nti na asiane wom saa sɛ wode wo nsa bɛkɔ aguadidan mu afiri a wɔde horo nneɛma mu bere a sanku no rekɔ mpoano nkakrankakra kosi sɛ egyina?¶

Afiri a wɔde hohoro nneɛma a wɔtɔn a wɔde ntama a ɛyɛ nsu kilogram 100 kosi 400 (nkaribo 220 kosi 880) ahyɛ mu no yɛ adwuma te sɛ dade flywheel kɛse bi. Sɛ mpo motor no dum na ɛte sɛ nea sanku no rekɔ fam nkakrankakra wɔ rpm 50 kosi 100 mu a, ɛde newton-mita mpempem pii a ɛkyinkyini. Mpa ntama a ɛyɛ nsu a ayɛ tan wɔ sanku no mu no mu yɛ den te sɛ dade winch nhama; sɛ wode wo nsa kɔ mu sɛ wobɛtwe ntama bi ansa na kɛntɛn no adu baabi a ɛyɛ 0-rpm koraa a, nwera a ɛkyinkyini no kyekyere wo nsateaa ho te sɛ afiri, na ɛpaapae wo nsateaa nnompe na ɛtetew basa no fi mmati no mu wɔ sekan fã ketewaa bi mu.

Dɛn nti na ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔn a wogye nkurɔfo no twe odwumayɛni nsa san fi dade a ɛyɛ tratraa mu da?¶

Dade a ɛyɛ tratraa a wɔtɔn no de nwera a ɛyɛ nwini kyekyere dade adaka anaa cylinder a ɛyɛ hyew digrii Celsius 160 kosi 200 (digrii Celsius 320 kosi 392) so wɔ mframa anaa spring roller nhyɛso kilogram ɔhaha pii ase. Sɛ wɔtwe nsa bi kɔ saa nip point no mu a, ɔhyew no anoa ntɛmntɛm na ɛma honam ani ne honam ani ntini no yɛ mmerɛw bere a roller no bubu nnompe no. Sɛ ne yɔnko dwumayɛni bi kyere nea wɔakum no no nsa na ɔtwe n’akyi bere a roller no da so ara mia fam a, nip point a ɛyɛ den no yɛ adwuma te sɛ ade a wɔde twitwiw nsa no honam ani honam ani, ntini, ne ntini a ahyew no nyinaa fi nsa no nnompe so (apirakuru a ɛyɛ hu a ɛma ɔhyew a ɛma ɛyɛ hyew). Bere nyinaa gyae mframa anaa mfiri roller nhyɛso no anaasɛ crank roller no UP fi koko a ɛyɛ hyew no so kan.

Dɛn na ɛma "thermal crush" opira a efi dade a wɔde horo nneɛma anaa afiri a wɔde horo nneɛma mu no yɛ nea asiane wom sen ɔhyew a ɛyɛ ɔkwan biara so?¶

Wɔ ɔhyew a ɛyɛ mmerɛw mu no, wotwe wo nsa fi hɔ ntɛm ara na mogya a ɛkɔ nipadua no mu a emu dɔ no boa ma ɔhyew no fi hɔ. Wɔ dade a ɛyɛ tratraa anaasɛ steam press entrapment mu no, mfiri nhyɛso a emu yɛ den pia mogya fi ntini no mu na ɛkura nsa a ayɛ tratraa no mu denneennen wɔ dade a ne kɛse yɛ digrii Celsius 180 so sikɔne pii, na ɛde ɔhyew a edi awu kɔ ntini a emu dɔ, ntini, nkwaa, ne ntini mu tẽẽ. Ɛno akyi no, akyi honam ani hwɛbea no dan aboa nhoma a ɛyɛ den na ɛyɛ den (eschar) bere a ntini a abubu a ɛwɔ mu no hohoro ntɛmntɛm, na ɛde compartment syndrome a emu yɛ den ba a ɛtwa mogya a aka nyinaa mu gye sɛ nnuruyɛfo a wɔyɛ oprehyɛn yɛ escharotomy ne fasciotomy ntwitwiridii ntɛm ara.

Sɛ anyinam ahoɔden no di huammɔ anaasɛ bɔtn a wɔde gyae no mma soro ti a ɛyɛ hyew no so a, mɛyɛ dɛn abue atade a mframa wom steam press?¶

Mframa a wɔde horo nneɛma ne mfiri a wɔde horo nneɛma a ɛyɛ dry de mframa a wɔahyɛ no den (5 kosi 7 bar / 70 kosi 100 psi) di dwuma wɔ akyi cylinder bi mu de pia soro buck a ɛyɛ hyew no kɔ fam de tia nsuten a emu yɛ duru a ɛkari pɛ. Sɛ anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde gyae nneɛma no antumi mmue press no bere a wɔde pin abɔ odwumayɛni bi nsa a, kɔ mframa a wɔahyɛ no den a ɛwɔ press no akyi anaa n’afã no so ntɛm ara, to mframa a wɔde ma no mu a wɔde tow afiri no mu, na twe nsa a wɔde ma mframa a wɔde ma no mogya mprɛte no (anaasɛ sansan/twitwa plastic mframa a wɔde ma no afiri a ɛwɔ cylinder no so no). Sɛ mframa a wɔahyɛ no den no fi cylinder no mu wie a, nsuten a wɔde kari pɛ no bɛma woatumi ama soro ti a ɛyɛ hyew no so anaasɛ wode nnua a wɔde ayɛ no abɔ mu.

So ɛsɛ sɛ mede nsukyenee gu nsa a wɔahyew na wɔabubu wɔ afiri a wɔde horo nneɛma a ɛyɛ hyew mu?¶

Dabi, fa nsukyenee anaa nsu a ɛyɛ nwini te sɛ nsukyenee nhyɛ nsa a ahyew na abubu so da. Bere a ɛsɛ sɛ woma nsa no dwo ntɛm ara wɔ tap nsu a ɛreworo so a ɛyɛ nwini (digrii Celsius 15 kosi 20 / digrii Fahrenheit 59 kosi 68) ase simma 20 na ama ɔhyew a ahintaw a ɛmma ntini a emu dɔ no noa no, nsukyenee a wode gu so no ma mogya ntini no mu yɛ den kɛse (vasospasm). Wɔ nsa a mfiri a wɔde bubu ne ɔhyew a ɛma ɛyɛ hyew asɛe ne mogya ntini dedaw mu no, ntini a nsukyenee de ba no bekum ntini a ɛwɔ ɔhye so a ɛda so te ase na ama nsateaa ayera.

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Saa akwankyerɛ yi de mfiridwuma mu mfiri a wɔhoro nneɛma a wɔgye, lockout/tagout, ne thermal-crush first-aid protocols ma na ɛnsi adwumayɛfoɔ nteteeɛ a wɔagye atom anaa adwumayɛfoɔ aduruyɛ ananmu. Susuw ho sɛ wobɛfa Red Cross, St John Ambulance, anaa wo man adwuma mu ahobammɔ adwumayɛbea no so akɔ adwumam mmoa a edi kan, ɔhyew a wɔhwɛ, ne mogya a ɛbɛtɔ no ano aduru.

Akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa ho¶

• Nam a wɔde twitwa nam a wɔtɔn, nea wɔde fra mmɔre, ne adidibea mfiri a wɔde kyere nneɛma
• Trash compactor, baler, conveyor belt, ne mfiridwuma mu press lockout gyegye
• Twitwa ne nsa ne anan a wɔatwa a wɔkora so
• Crush opira ne compartment syndrome
• Ɔhyew a ɛyɛ hyew

Fibea ne aban akwankyerɛ¶

• Adwumayɛ mu Ahobammɔ ne Akwahosan Dwumadibea (OSHA, United States): 29 CFR 1910.264 Mfiri a Wɔhoro ne Dwumadi ne 29 CFR 1910.147 Ahoɔden a Ɛyɛ Hu a Wɔhwɛ So (Lockout/Tagout)
• Amanaman Ntam Ahyehyɛde a Ɛhwɛ Gyinapɛn & CEN so: EN ISO 10472-1 kosi 10472-6 Ahobammɔ ho Ahwehwɛde a Ɛfa Mfiri a Wɔde Hohoro Nnwumayɛbea (Mfiri a Wɔhoro, Nneɛma a Wɔyi Fi Mu, Flatwork Ironers, ne Presses)
• Akwahosan ne Ahobammɔ Dwumadibea (HSE, United Kingdom): Ahobammɔ wɔ Ntama Hohoro ne Dry Cleaning (Akwankyerɛ a ɛfa Centrifugal Extractors, Calender, ne Ntade a Wɔde tintim Ntama Ho)
• Amerika Ɔman Gyinapɛn Asoɛe (ANSI): ANSI/TCATA Z8.1 Ahobammɔ ho ahwehwɛde a ɛfa aguadi mu Ntamahoro ne Drycleaning Nnwinnade ne Dwumadi Ho
• Amerika Ɔhyew Fekuw (ABA) & Amerika Fekuw a Ɛhwɛ Nsa Oprehyɛn So (ASSH): Ayaresa mu Dwumadi a Ɛhwɛ Apirakuru a Wɔde Ɔhyew-Crush a Wɔaka abom a Ɛwɔ Atifi Ntini (Hot Press Injuries)