Paragliding, Skydiving, ne Power Line anaa Dua a Wɔde Si Ase Nkwagye¶

Wimdivers, paraglider pilots, paramotor operators, hang-glider pilots, ne BASE jumpers nya mframa a ɛsakra mpofirim, ɔhyew a ɛhwe ase, reserve parachute deployment, anaa engine a ɛdi huammɔ a ɛhyɛ ntɛm ara ma obi si fam wɔ abɔnten so kɔ high-voltage overhead power lines, kwae mu nnua atenten canopies, nsu a emu dɔ, anaa adan atifi. Bere a nylon odwennini-mframa canopy no ankasa taa twetwe nea edi kan a ɛbrɛ ase no, simma a edi kan a ɛba bere a obi asi fam wɔ abɔnten so akyi pɛɛ no ​​taa yɛ nea asiane wom koraa sen sɛnea ɛba fam no ankasa.

A jumper or pilot hanging suspended in a parachute or paraglider harness across live overhead power lines is in extreme danger of fatal electrocution if their canopy bridges two phase conductors, if they swing toward a grounded utility pole, or if well-meaning bystanders walk up on the ground and touch their dangling boots or suspension lines. Equally treacherous is a high tree canopy landing: dozens of pilots and skydivers have survived a gentle snag 20 meters (65 feet) up in a pine or hardwood tree without a scratch, only to fall to their deaths 10 minutes later because they unbuckled their leg straps or clicked their 3-ring canopy cutaway release handles while trying to climb down thin, brittle outer tree branches. In addition, a jumper suspended motionless upright in leg straps for more than 15 to 30 minutes can suffer fatal orthostatic suspension trauma (harness hang syndrome) as blood pools in their dangling legs, while a jumper landing in water under a billowing canopy can drown in seconds if entangled in hundreds of meters of thin Spectra, Vectran, or Kevlar suspension lines. Knowing how to brace for an obstacle landing, why you must never cut away or unbuckle in a tree or on a power line, and how to escape a water landing saves lives.

Yɛ eyi mprempren¶

1. NEVER unbuckle your harness leg straps or activate your canopy cutaway release handle while hanging in a tree or suspended on power lines. Once your nylon canopy stops falling in a tree, the canopy and suspension lines are often snagged only lightly on outer twigs that are holding your weight solely through static friction; shifting your weight to unbuckle or cutting away your main parachute will drop you straight to the ground.
2. Freeze completely still and keep all bystanders at least 15 to 30 meters (50 to 100 feet) away if you land in or near overhead power lines. Even if your synthetic suspension lines feel dry and you did not feel an initial shock when your canopy draped over a wire, reaching out to touch a second wire, touching the wooden or steel utility pole, or letting someone on the ground touch your dangling feet or reserve handle will complete a lethal high-voltage circuit to earth; see anyinam ahoɔden nhama a ahwe ase ne kar mu anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔe.
3. Call your local emergency number (911 in the United States and Canada, 112 across the European Union, 999 in the United Kingdom) immediately. If power lines are involved, give the dispatcher the exact GPS coordinates or pole number so the electric utility company can de-energize and ground the circuit before fire rescue raises any ladder; if in a tall tree, request a technical high-angle rope rescue / arborist team; check nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ.
4. Secure yourself to a solid interior tree trunk before moving if you are hanging in a tree canopy. Keep your helmet fastened, wrap an arm and leg around the main vertical tree trunk (or clip a webbing reserve bridle/tree-rescue strap around the main trunk and into your main lift web), and pump your legs continually to prevent blood from pooling in your thighs (suspension trauma).
5. If landing unavoidably in deep water, disconnect your chest strap (and loosen accessories) BEFORE splashdown, but wait until your feet touch the water to cut away the main canopy and slip out of the harness. Cutting away 10 meters (33 feet) in the air because of depth perception illusions over smooth water causes fatal impact injuries; once in the water, swim upwind or crosswind away from the collapsing nylon canopy so you do not get trapped under wet, airless fabric.
6. If a pilot falls from a tree or suffers a hard collapsible-canopy impact on the ground, keep their helmet ON (unless it blocks airway resuscitation) and stabilize their neck and spine. High-rate parachute or paraglider sink landings cause axial compression fractures of the lumbar and thoracic spine and pelvic ring fractures; see akyi berɛmo mu apirakuru.

flowchart TD
    Start["Parachute, Paraglider, or Paramotor Off-Field Landing"] --> Obstacle{"Which obstacle is involved?"}
    Obstacle -->|"Overhead Power Lines"| PowerLine["1. In the air: Drop metallic cargo/hook knife; keep feet & knees tight together<br/>2. Hanging on wires: FREEZE STILL; do NOT touch pole, second wire, or cutaway<br/>3. Ground crew: Stay back 15 to 30 m (50 to 100 ft); do NOT touch jumper or lines<br/>4. Wait for Electric Utility confirmation that line is dead and grounded"]
    Obstacle -->|"Tall Tree Canopy"| Tree["1. In the air: Protect face and throat with forearms; legs pressed together<br/>2. Hanging in tree: NEVER unbuckle leg straps or pull cutaway handle<br/>3. Hug main vertical trunk or tie into trunk with webbing/reserve bridle<br/>4. Pump legs or stand on a strong branch to prevent suspension trauma"]
    Obstacle -->|"Deep Water (Lake, River, Ocean)"| Water["1. Before impact: Unfasten chest strap (and ditch paramotor frame at surface)<br/>2. Wait until feet touch water, then pull cutaway handle and slip out of leg straps<br/>3. Swim UPWIND clear of sinking canopy and suspension lines"]
    Obstacle -->|"High-Wind Ground Dragging"| WindDrag["1. Pull ONE single brake toggle or rear riser all the way in to collapse wing<br/>2. Or pull main canopy cutaway handle (skydiving 3-ring)<br/>3. Roll onto back/side to unweight harness and run C-turn around canopy"]

Power line landings: High-voltage survival in the air and on the wires¶

1. In-flight actions when a power line collision is unavoidable¶

According to the United States Parachute Association (USPA Skydiver's Information Manual) and the United States Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association (USHPA), if you realize below 100 meters (330 feet) that you cannot steer clear of overhead electrical distribution or transmission lines:

1. Make small, flat turns only: Never yank a low-altitude 90-degree or 180-degree toggle hook turn near the ground to dodge a wire; steep low turns cause the canopy to dive rapidly into the ground at high vertical and horizontal speed, which is the leading cause of fatal skydiving and paragliding impacts.
2. Drop any conductive or long suspended items: If jumping with a long metallic pole, tandem camera pole, or dangling lowering line on a military/cargo rucksack, jettison or stow the dangling line so it does not bridge the wire and the earth while you are still above the line.
3. Prepare for a Parachute Landing Fall (PLF) and turn your head away from the wires: Place your feet and knees tightly together, pull your elbows in tight against your ribs to protect your armpits and chest from sliding across a bare metal cable, and look 45 degrees away so a snapping wire does not strike your face shield or throat.

2. What to do if you are hanging suspended from power lines¶

If your nylon canopy snags across an overhead high-voltage wire and leaves you hanging in mid-air (or with your boots dangling just above the grass):

1. FREEZE COMPLETELY STILL: As long as your body and canopy are touching only a single phase wire and you are not touching the ground, the utility pole, a guy wire, or a second phase wire, you are electrically like a bird sitting on a wire, energized at thousands of volts, but with no circuit path for current to flow through your heart.
2. Do NOT touch your cutaway handle, reserve ripcord, or metal harness hardware:
3. Pulling your yellow/red cutaway pad releases your main canopy, dropping you straight onto a lower phase wire or onto the ground while trailing suspension lines are still draped across the live upper wire, instantly creating a phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground short circuit through your body.
4. Pulling your silver reserve handle fires a spring-loaded metal pilot chute and stainless-steel cable across the adjacent phase wires, triggering a blinding high-voltage arc flash explosion that will incinerate your nylon canopy in half a second.
5. Why nylon, Spectra, Vectran, and Kevlar suspension lines CAN conduct electricity: Never assume your parachute or paraglider lines are electrical insulators. Under high distribution and transmission voltages (4,800 to 500,000 volts), microscopic dirt, grass stain, sweat, atmospheric humidity, or carbon fiber/aramid strands inside modern high-performance lines track lethal current right down the lines into your metal riser links and harness webbing; see anyinam ahoɔden a wɔde bɔ obi.
6. Shout at approaching bystanders and landowners to STAY BACK 30 METERS (100 FEET): The greatest danger to a pilot hanging 1 meter (3 feet) above the ground beneath a power line is a well-meaning bystander or first responder who runs up and grabs the pilot's boots or shoulders to steady them. The instant a person standing on the earth touches the dangling pilot, both the pilot and the rescuer become a direct bridge from the high-voltage line into the ground and are electrocuted together.

Tree canopy landings and preventing suspension trauma¶

1. How to brace for an unavoidable tree landing¶

If you are descending into a forest or stand of trees with no clear meadow reachable:

1. Steer into the wind toward the thickest crown of a live, healthy tree (avoid dead snags): Aim for the dense, leafy middle crown of a live evergreen or hardwood tree rather than a bare, brittle dead trunk, which can impale you like a spear.
2. Maintain normal half-brake / flare flight speed, do not stall the wing high above the treetops: Flaring too early 10 meters (33 feet) above the canopy stalls the paraglider or parachute, causing you to plummet vertically through the branches without the canopy snagging the upper crown.
3. Assume the Tree Protection Position 2 seconds before entering the branches:
4. Keep your feet and knees pressed tightly together (never spread your legs apart when dropping into a tree, which causes fatal straddle impalement on vertical branches and broken femurs).
5. Cross your forearms tightly in front of your face, eyes, and throat with your hands gripping your opposite risers or elbows tucked tightly against your ribs so sharp broken branches cannot pierce your neck (carotid artery/trachea) or armpits (axillary artery).

2. Why you must NEVER unbuckle or cut away while hanging in a tree¶

Once your forward and downward motion stops inside the tree canopy, fighting the urge to "just climb down the last 6 meters" will save your life:

• The illusion of solid canopy anchorage: Wɔ wo ti atifi no, wo ripstop nylon canopy a ɛyɛ tratraa ne suspension lines no ntaa nkyekyere dua dua a ɛyɛ den a ɛyɛ structural dua. Mmom no, wɔtaa kata akataso no so kakra wɔ akyi pine nnade a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw anaa akyi nkorabata a ne kɛse yɛ sɛntimita 1 (nsateakwaa 0.4) so, na wɔde nhyɛso a ɛkari pɛ nkutoo na ɛkura mu wɔ nhama aduonum so.
• Dɛn nti na nea enti a wotwitwa anaa wobue no kum: Sɛ obi a ɔde ne ho hyɛ wim twe wɔn nsa titiriw a wɔatwa no (a ɔhwɛ kwan sɛ ɔbɛhwe ase akɔ nkorabata bi a ɛwɔ wɔn ase so) a, wɔhwe ase tẽẽ fa nkorabata a ɛwɔ fam a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no mu kɔ kwae no ase. Saa ara nso na sɛ paraglider wimhyɛnkafo bi bue wɔn nan abɔso bere a ogyina nkorabata bi a ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ den so a, emu duru a woyi fi hɔ mpofirim no ma akataso a ɛwɔ soro no tumi bɔ nkorabata no, anaasɛ nkorabata no pae wɔ wɔn mpaboa mu duru a ɛyɛ den no ase, na ɛma wɔhwe ase a wɔamfa hama nhyɛ mu a ɛyɛ owuyare.
• Ma wo dade kyɛw no ON: Nnua a awu nkorabata a ɛrehwe ase a akataso a ɛreyɛ gyegyeegye a ɛwɔ soro no atu afi hɔ, anaasɛ pendulum a ɛwosow kɔ dua no dua no mu no betumi de ti a ɛyɛ hu aba sɛ wuyi wo dade kyɛw bere a woretwɛn sɛ wobegye wo no a.

3. Orthostatic Suspension Trauma (Harness Hang Syndrome) a Wosiw Ano .¶

Sɛ wimhyɛnkafo anaa wimhyɛnkafo bi sɛn parachute hama a enhinhim (titiriw skydiving harness a ne nan mu apaapae anaasɛ bepɔw so paragliding strap harness a emu yɛ hare a enni nkongua kyerɛwpon a ɛyɛ den a ɛtrɛw) a wɔn nan sɛn wim a wɔmfa hwee nto mu mu a:

1. Akwan a wɔfa so yɛ suspension trauma: Femoral leg straps a ɛyɛ den no mia femoral ntini akɛse a ɛwɔ groin crease no mu bere a nan a ɛsensɛn hɔ no kɔ so yɛ nea enhinhim koraa. Sɛ ɛnyɛ nantwi ba ne asen ntini (nnompe ntini ntini pɔmpɛ) a ɛpiapia mogya no san kɔ soro tia tumi a ɛtwe ade ba fam no a, wo mogya dodow a ɛkyinkyini nyinaa mu bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 20 kosi 30 bɛboaboa ano wɔ wo nan ase mu wɔ simma 10 kosi 20 mu.
2. Sincope ntɛmntɛm na koma no gyaee: Sɛ wɔmma venous san nkɔ koma no atrium nifa so a, koma no mu nsu a ɛba no so tew kɛse, na ɛde adwenem naayɛ mpofirim, akisikuru, fifiri, tunnel vision, ne adwene a ɛyera (orthostatic shock). Sɛ obi a onnim hwee kɔ so sɛn hama bi mu gyina hɔ a ontumi nkɔ baabiara a, amemene mu oxygen a enni hɔ ne koma a ɛyɛ hu betumi adi akyi wɔ simma kakraa bi mu.
3. Sɛnea wobɛsiw suspension trauma ano bere a woretwɛn wɔ dua mu:
4. Du dua titiriw no so na gyina ɔhonam akwaa a ɛyɛ den so (a wunnyigye): Twe wo ho brɛoo kɔ mu na fa dua titiriw a ɛda hɔ no atuu na fa wo nan biako anaa abien no nyinaa to nkorabata a ɛyɛ den a ɛwɔ dua no ntam so sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wo nan ntini no bɛsoa wo nipadua mu duru mmom sen sɛ wobɛsoa wo nan ase nhama no.
5. Sɛ sakre na fa wo nan bɔ wo nan wɔ sikɔne 30 biara mu: Sɛ wo sɛn baabi a ɛhɔ yɛ petee wɔ nkorabata no ase na wuntumi nkɔ baabi a wobɛgyina a, kɔ so twetwe wo nantwi mma, twe wo nkotodwe kɔ soro kɔ wo moma so, na fa wo nan bɔ mframa mu na fa ntini mu mogya san kɔ wo koma mu.
6. Yɛ nan loop (improvised Prusik anaa reserve bridle stirrup): Sɛ wokura dua-gye webbing line, speedbar loop (wɔ paraglider so), anaasɛ wubetumi loop slack webbing asinasin bi wɔ wo mpaboa ase a, gyina loop no mu bere ne bere mu na ama nhyɛso a ɛwɔ wo femoral veins so no afi hɔ.
7. Aduruyɛ mu hwɛ bere a wɔagye obi a wahuruhuruw a ɔde bere tenten agye no akyi: Sɛ wɔn a wogye nkurɔfo a ɔkorɔn no sian obi a wayɛ no basabasa a wasensɛn hɔ a onhinhim bɛboro simma 20 a, ma wɔnhwɛ no yiye sɛ ebia nsu a wɔabɔ/suspension no bɛsesa, hwɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne a ɛho hia so, na ma wɔn ho nyɛ hyew na wɔnyɛ komm hwɛ ahodwiriw na fainting.

Nsu a emu dɔ ne po so a wɔde si fam (Wim a wɔde tu mmirika, paragliding, ne paramotoring) .¶

Asiane kɛse a ɛwɔ paramotor a wɔde anyinam ahoɔden (PPG) ne parachute nsu a wɔde si fam mu¶

Nsu so a wɔde si fam no ka tebea horow a egye ntɛmpɛ a ekunkum nnipa kɛse wɔ wimhyɛn agumadi mu no ho, titiriw ma paraglider a ɛwɔ ahoɔden (paramotor / PPG) wimhyɛnkafo, a wɔhyɛ engine a emu duru yɛ kilogram 20 kosi 35 (nkaribo 45 kosi 75) ne dade a wɔde hyɛn mu a wɔde abɔ wɔn akyi tẽẽ. Sɛ paramotor pilot bi bɔ nsu a emu dɔ a onni automatic CO2 flotation collar wɔ frame no so na ontumi mfi wɔn harness no mu wɔ sikɔne 5 mu a, engine a emu yɛ duru no dannan wɔn anim kyerɛ fam wɔ nsu no mu bere a nylon ntaban a ɛyɛ nsu ne mita 300 nhama a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛsensɛn hɔ no twitwiw wɔn mpaboa ho no:

Anamɔn biara a wɔyɛ wɔ nsu a wɔde si fam so nkwagye ho nhyehyɛe¶

1. Bere a ɛda so ara yɛ mita 100 kosi 300 (anammɔn 330 kosi 1,000) wɔ mframa mu wɔ nsu so:
2. Fa wo manual anaa CO2 personal flotation device (life vest) anaa paramotor frame flotation bladders no gu mu ntɛm ara.
3. Gyae anaa bɔ mpaboa a emu yɛ duru sɛ bere ma kwan a, yi wo dade kyɛw chinstrap no sɛ wohyɛ mfoninitwa dade kyɛw a emu yɛ duru a ebetumi akyekye nhama nkutoo (ma nsu dade kyɛw a ɛbɔ wo ho ban a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ sɛ worebɛn abotan/pilings a), na bue wo moma so ahama no koraa bere a wokura risers/toggles abien no nyinaa mu denneennen sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wo nsa rentumi nkɔ fam mfi mmati nhama no mu nkɔ mu mframa mfinimfini.
4. (Wɔ paramotor a enni frame flotation so: Unbuckle secondary waist/chest straps bere a woma main quick-release buckles no ayɛ krado wɔ wo nsateaa ase, nanso MMHURU mfi wo harness mu DA bere a ɛda so ara wɔ soro wɔ mframa mu, nsu ma ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɔsorokɔ atemmu ntumi nyɛ yiye; nea ɛte sɛ mita 2 wɔ glassy nsu so no taa yɛ mita 15 / anammɔn 50 sorokɔ, a ɛyɛ a ade a ɛtɔ gu fam a edi awu.)
5. Bere pɔtee a wo nan ka nsu no:
6. Gye ahome denneennen, twe wo main canopy cutaway handle (skydiving) anaa bɔ main harness quick-release buckles no, arch w’akyi, na fa wo nsa kɔ akyi fi mmati abɔso no mu na wo nan fi nan ahama no mu.
7. Sɛ nylon canopy no hwe ase wɔ wo ti atifi wɔ nsuo no mu a:
8. NHWƐ wo nan anaa wobɔ wo nan a ɛyɛ hu: Wo nan a wobɛbɔ wɔ nsuo mu no ne deɛ ɛkyekyere Kevlar/Spectra suspension lines teateaa twa wo nansoaa ho te sɛ mpataayie gill asau.
9. Keep your legs still, reach straight up with one hand to push a small pocket of wet ripstop nylon fabric slightly above the water surface to create a breathing air pocket, and follow a single seam of the nylon fabric hand-over-hand in one direction until you reach the outer skirt edge of the canopy and swim clear into open water.

Mframa kɛse a ɛtwetwe asase a ɛtwetwe ne ntaban a abubu a ɛbɔ mmoa a edi kan¶

1. Parachute anaa paraglider twetwe a ɛreguan a wobegyae wɔ mframa a ano yɛ den mu¶

Sɛ mframa a ɛbɔ boro kilomita 35 kosi 55 dɔnhwerew biara (akwansin 22 kosi 35 dɔnhwerew biara) anaasɛ mframa a ano yɛ den si fam a, parachute anaa paraglider a wɔabue mu yɛ adwuma te sɛ spinnaker kɛse bi a ɛretu mmirika wɔ fam, na ɛtwetwe obi a ne ho adwiriw no anaasɛ wapira fa mfuw mu kɔ ban a wɔde nhama ayɛ, akwan akɛse, abotan, anaa adan mu:

• Sɛ wo ne jumper a wɔretwe no a:
• Twe wo main canopy cutaway handle ntɛm ara (wɔ skydiving rig so).
• Sɛ wo cutaway no di nkogu anaasɛ woretu paraglider a enni carabiners a wotumi pue ntɛmntɛm a, gyae breki toggle biako koraa na twe breki line biako NKUTOO (anaasɛ akyi C/D riser biako) nsa-so-nsa kɔ wo moma so nyinaa. Breki abien no nyinaa a wɔtwe no pɛpɛɛpɛ no ma ntaban no kɔ so yɛ hyew tẽẽ kɔ mframa ase wɔ tumi a ɛtwetwe no kɛse mu; twe ɔfã biako pɛ frankaa canopy no fi adi te sɛ ntama a ɛyɛ tratraa wɔ mframa mu na ekum ne twe tumi ntɛm ara.
• If you are a bystander trying to stop a canopy dragging an unconscious jumper:
• NEVER grab the taut suspension lines or dive onto the jumper's body while the canopy is fully inflated. Instead, sprint around to the downwind side of the inflated nylon canopy itself, grab the top leading edge (nose) of the nylon wing, and walk it upwind over the bottom edge to spill the air and collapse the sail onto the ground.

2. First aid for hard landings and low-turn canopy impacts¶

When a paraglider suffers an asymmetric or frontal deflagration (canopy collapse) close to terrain, or a skydiver executes a hard landing, the impact transfers massive vertical G-forces up the feet, legs, pelvis, and spine:

1. Maintain strict cervical and thoracolumbar spinal immobilization: Do not help a crashed pilot stand up or walk to a car. High-sink-rate landings in seated paraglider harnesses cause burst or wedge compression fractures of the T12, L1, and L2 vertebrae directly at the thoracolumbar hinge; standing up can drive bone fragments into the spinal cord and cause permanent paraplegia; see akyi berɛmo mu apirakuru.
2. Leave a full-face or open-face flight helmet ON if the pilot is breathing normally: Removing a snug flight helmet flexes the cervical spine; only remove the helmet if the pilot is unconscious, not breathing, or vomiting and you cannot clear their airway with the helmet on.
3. Check for unstable pelvic fractures and femur fractures: Look for leg shortening, outward rotation of a foot, or severe pelvic pain; keep the legs gently aligned without pressing inward on the hip bones, control any open compound fracture bleeding with sterile dressings, and keep the pilot insulated from ground cold while waiting for helicopter or ambulance evacuation; see nnompe a abubu ne akisikuru.

Off-field rescue gear and pilot preparedness checklist¶

Ansa na wobɛtow paraglider, paramotor, anaa skydiving jump a ɛbɛn kwae, nsu, anaa nkuraase akwan a wɔfa so de nneɛma di dwuma no ase no, hwɛ sɛ wode nnwinnade anum a ɛma wonya nkwa yi kura na hwɛ mu:

• Aviation hook knife a wɔakata so a wɔde ahyɛ chest strap anaa front flight deck so: Fa shrouded hook knife a ɛyɛ nnam, a ɛwɔ nhama abien (a oprehyɛn dade agyan a wotumi sesa a wɔde ahyɛ aluminium anaa plastic slot a ahoɔden kɛse wom mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a entumi ntwitwa wo nsateaa) a wɔde ahyɛ baabi a wubetumi de sa foforo adu ho bere a sɛn adesoa ase de twitwa nhama a ɛsensɛn hɔ a ayɛ tan bere a nsu resi fam anaasɛ mframa a ano yɛ den retwe no.
• Nnua-gye kit wɔ paraglider harness kotoku mu: Fa aramid/Dyneema throw-line a ahoɔden kɛse yɛ milimita 3 (anammɔn 50 kosi 80) a ɛyɛ mita 15 kosi 25 (anammɔn 50 kosi 80) spool (a ɛbɛtɔ fam agyefo a wogye wɔn nkwa sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi atwe hama a ɛforo a ɛnyɛ hwee akɔ soro), ne tubular a wɔapam a ne tenten yɛ mita 2 (anammɔn 6.5) ka ho webbing sling ne carabiners abien a wɔde to mu** a wode bɛkyekyere wo harness no atwa dua bi ho ahyia tẽẽ bere a wubesi fam wɔ canopy mu no.
• Afiri a ɛma nsuo a ɛsensɛn nsuo so a ɛyɛ adwuma ma nsuo so anaa paramotor wimhyɛn nyinaa: Mfa akyi bag a emu yɛ duru paramotor a ɛwɔ gliding kwan a ɛkɔ ɔtare, asubɔnten, anaa mpoano da a enni automatic water-activated CO2 flotation device a wɔde ahyɛ paramotor frame no so ne ankorankoro flotation vest.
• Satellite SOS nkitahodi, abɛn, ne mita 2 wimhyɛn/amateur radio: Cell phone taa bubu bere a ɛbɔ anaasɛ efi kotoku mu hwe ase bere a dua rebɔ nnidiso nnidiso; fa decibel a ɛkorɔn pealess nkwagye abɛn ne satellite SOS beacon (te sɛ Garmin inReach anaa PLB) tẽẽ kɔ wo harness mmati abɔso so.
• Pre-jump / pre-launch obstacle brief at every landing zone: Ansa na wobɛforo wimhyɛn no anaasɛ wobɛma wo ntaban no ayɛ mframa no, fa w’ani kyerɛ mframa kwankyerɛ a ɛkyerɛ mframa kwankyerɛ, beae titiriw a ɛda adi pefee, overhead power lines nyinaa kwankyerɛ (hwehwɛ utility poles ne transformer cans wɔ akwan ho mpo bere mpo a nhama a ɛyɛ tratraa no ntumi nhu fi mita 300 kɔ soro), ne wo mfuw a wɔadi kan ahyɛ ato hɔ a wɔde begye nkurɔfo afi fam.

Nsɛm a wɔtaa bisa¶

Dɛn nti na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔn a wotumi tu mmirika wɔ wim ne wɔn a wɔde paraglider tu no nya nkwa bere a dua bi si fam a hwee nyɛɛ wɔn, na wowuwu wɔ simma kakraa bi akyi?¶

Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ asehwe a edi awu nyinaa ba bere a dua bi asi fam yiye akyi no si efisɛ wimhyɛnkafo anaa wimhyɛnkafo no mmu sɛnea wɔn canopy no akɔhyɛ wɔn atifi wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ hu so no adewa na ɔma wɔn canopy cutaway release handle no yɛ adwuma anaasɛ obue wɔn harness nan nhama no mu ma wɔforo dua no. Sɛ nylon parachute anaa paraglider kɔtra dua bi mu a, mpɛn pii no, nea ɛnam akyi nkorabata a ɛyɛ tratraa na ɛyɛ mmerɛw du du pii so nkutoo na ɛma ɛkɔ soro sen sɛ ɛbɛyɛ nkorabata a ɛyɛ den a wɔde ayɛ ɔdan no. Bere a wimhyɛnkafo no sesa wɔn mu duru, twa akataso kɛse no, anaasɛ ɔbue wɔn hama no mu de tiatia nkorabata bi so no, nkorabata no mu paapae anaasɛ nkataso no hwe ase kwa, na ɛma wimhyɛnkafo a onni hama no to fam mita 15 kosi 30 (anammɔn 50 kosi 100) wɔ fam. Bere nyinaa ma wo dade kyɛw no nhyɛ na wo hama no nkɔ so koraa, fa nhama a wɔde hyɛ dua no dua kɛse no mu, na twɛn akuw a wogye hama a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma mu no.

Sɛ obi a ɔde ne ho hyɛ wim anaasɛ ɔde ne ho hyɛ wimhyɛn mu sɛn anyinam ahoɔden nhama so a ne nan fi fam yɛ mita 1 pɛ a, dɛn nti na ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔn a wɔrehwɛ no kyere wɔn nan de boa wɔn ma wɔasian?¶

Bere a obi a ohuruw sɛn mframa mu wɔ anyinam ahoɔden nhama a ɛwɔ soro a ahoɔden kɛse wom a ɔmfa ne nsa nka fam anaa dua a wɔde yɛ adwuma no, wɔde ahoɔden a ɛyɛ volt mpempem pii ma wɔn nipadua nyinaa ne wɔn hama no, te sɛ anomaa a ɔte waya so no. Esiane sɛ ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a ɛkɔ fam nti, anyinam ahoɔden biara nsen fa wɔn mu de besi nnɛ. Nanso, bere a ogyefo bi a ogyina asase so de ne nsa kɔ soro na ɔde ne nsa ka nea ɔrehuruw no mpaboa, ne hama, anaa nhama a ɛsensɛn so no, ogyefo no nipadua no wie anyinam ahoɔden a ɛkɔ tẽẽ fi hama a ahoɔden kɛse wom no mu fa nnipa baanu no nyinaa mu kɔ asase no mu, na ɛma anyinam ahoɔden bɔ nea ohuruw no ne nea ogye no nyinaa mu ma ɛyɛ owuyare. Anyɛ yiye koraa no, ɛsɛ sɛ obiara a ɔwɔ fam no tra akyi mita 15 kosi 30 (anammɔn 50 kosi 100) kosi sɛ anyinam ahoɔden adwumayɛbea no besi so dua sɛ wɔadum nhama no na wɔde ahyɛ fam.

What is suspension trauma (harness hang syndrome), and how can you prevent it while stuck in a tree?¶

Suspension trauma (a wɔsan frɛ no orthostatic intolerance anaa harness hang syndrome) ba bere a obi sɛn hama mu tẽẽ a onhinhim a ne nan sɛn hɔ kwa bɛboro simma 15 kosi 30 no. Nan nhama a ɛyɛ den no mia asen ntini akɛse a ɛwɔ asen no mu bere a tumi a ɛtwe mogya no twe mogya kɔ fam kɔ ​​nan a enhinhim no mu no. Sɛ wɔantumi anantew nan ntini ahorow no mu sɛnea ɛsɛ na ama mogya no asan akɔ koma no mu a, nipadua no mogya dodow a ɛboro nkyem anan mu biako bɛkyere anan no mu, na ɛma amemene no ne koma no kɔm de mframa pa na ɛma obi totɔ piti mpofirim na ɛma koma no gyaee a edi awu. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a worensiw suspension trauma ano bere a woretwɛn sɛ wobegye dua no, twe wo ho wɔ dua kɛse no dua nkyɛn sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi agyina nkorabata a ɛyɛ den so, anaasɛ kɔ so fa sakre na wobɔ wo nan wɔ sikɔne 30 biara mu na ama mogya asan akɔ wo honam ani.

Dɛn nti na ɛnsɛ sɛ wutwa wo parachute no anaasɛ wubue wo hama no ansa na wo nan aka nsu no ankasa bere a nsu resi fam no?¶

Wɔ nsu a ɛyɛ komm anaa ahwehwɛ so no, agye dimmɔne sɛ nnipa a wohu sɛnea nnipa bun mu dɔ no yɛ nea wontumi mfa wɔn ho nto so, obi a ohuruw a ogye di sɛ wɔwɔ soro mita 1.5 (anammɔn 5) pɛ no taa da so ara kɔ soro mita 12 kosi 20 (anammɔn 40 kosi 65) wɔ wim. Sɛ wotwa wo parachute titiriw no anaasɛ wohwe ase fi wo hama a wɔankyekyere no mu wɔ mita 15 mu a, ɛde ahoɔhare kɛse a ɛhwe ase a ɛnyɛ hwee ba nsu no ani a ebetumi abubu akyi berɛmo no, abubu akwaa a ɛwɔ wo mu, anaasɛ abɔ wo a wunnim hwee ma enti wobɛmene ntɛm ara. Bere nyinaa yi wo moma so ahama bere a woda so wɔ mframa mu de siesie wo ho, ma wo nsa nkura risers no, na twɛn kosi sɛ wobɛte nka sɛ wo mpaboa no repetepete nsu no mu honam fam ansa na woagyae canopy cutaway anaa harness buckles no.

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Saa akwankyerɛ yi de nkwagye a egye ntɛmpɛ ne mmoa a edi kan ho nhyehyɛe ma wɔ parachute ne paraglider a wɔde si fam akwanhyia ho na ɛnhyɛ wimhyɛn ho nkyerɛkyerɛ a wɔagye atom a efi USPA, USHPA, BHPA, anaa ɔman wimhyɛn akuw a ɛka FAI ho no ananmu. Susuw ho sɛ wobɛkɔ sare so mmoa a edi kan ne CPR adesua a wɔde nsa yɛ afi Red Cross, St John Ambulance, anaa abɔnten so aduruyɛfo a ɔwɔ adansedi krataa hɔ.

Akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa ho¶

• Tumi nhama a ahwe ase ne kar mu anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ
• Mmoa a edi kan a anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ ne anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ
• Akyi berɛmo mu opira: a wɔmma obi ntumi nkɔ baabiara ne ɔhwɛ
• Nsuo a ɛmene ne nsuo a wɔgye mmoa a ɛdi kan
• Nnompe a abubu, abubu, ne akisikuru
• Lost outdoors and wilderness survival

Sources checked¶

• United States Parachute Association (USPA, United States): Skydiver's Information Manual (SIM Section 5-1: Skydiving Emergencies, Tree Landings, Power Line Landings, and Water Landings)
• United States Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association (USHPA) and British Hang Gliding and Paragliding Association (BHPA, United Kingdom): Pilot Handbook Emergency Procedures for Tree Landings, Power Lines, and Water Immersion
• Health and Safety Executive (HSE, United Kingdom) and Wilderness Medical Society (WMS): Evidence-Based Review of Harness Suspension Trauma (Orthostatic Shock) and Rescue Management
• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA, United States): NFPA 1006 Standard for Technical Rescuer Professional Qualifications (Rope Rescue and Arborist Tree Extrication)
• Federal Aviation Administration (FAA, United States): Powered Parachute and Weight-Shift Control Aircraft Flying Handbook and Parachute Rigger Handbook