Aggressive Dog Attack Survival, De-Escalation, ne Mmofra Ahobammɔ¶

Sɛ wuhyia ɔkraman a onni anohyeto, ɔyɛ basabasa anaa akraman kuw bi a wɔkyinkyin wɔ mpɔtam hɔ kwan bi so, ɔmanfo mmɔnten so akwan, anaa nkuraase kwan so a, ɛyɛ honam fam tebea a egye ntɛmpɛ a ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm. Sɛnea Wiase Nyinaa Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde (WHO) ne Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, United States) kyerɛ no, afe biara, akraman a wɔaka wɔn no pirapira ɔpepem du du pii wɔ wiase nyinaa, na mmofra a wɔadi fi mfe 5 kosi 9 na wonya ti, anim, ne kɔn mu akisikuru a emu yɛ den sen biara. Nea ɛnte sɛ wuram mmoa a wɔkyere mmoa we a wɔtaa kwati nnipa no, afie mu akraman nni nnipa ho suro biara a wofi awosu mu, wotumi tu mmirika kilomita 40 kosi 50 dɔnhwerew biara, na ɛmma onipa biara ntumi ntu mmirika sen wɔn wɔ nantew so, na wɔwɔ anom nhyɛso a etumi bubu dompe anaasɛ etwa ntini atitiriw a ɛwɔ wɔn akwaa ne wɔn kɔn mu.

Sɛ wubenya nkwa wɔ ɔkraman a ɔrebɔ ka anaasɛ akraman pii kuw mu a, hwehwɛ sɛ wubu w’abɔde mu nnipa ehu nkate so. Sɛ wuguan, woteɛteɛm wɔ nne kɛse mu, anaasɛ wobɔ wo nsa a, ɛma akraman bi a wɔde hama a ɛyɛ den ayɛ no yɛ adwuma, na ɛma asasesin mu bluff dan mauling a ɛne ne ho di nkitaho koraa. Ɛdenam nwini a wobɛma ayɛ nwini akɔ "dua" gyinabea a egyina hɔ bere a ɔkraman bi rebɛn no, honam fam "akwanside a wɔde bɛka obi" (te sɛ akyi bag, jacket, sakre, anaa nwura kotoku) a wode besi ɔkraman no sẽ ne wo nipadua ntam, foro a wobɛforo akɔ kar a esi hɔ atifi anaa hood so bere a pack atwa ho ahyia, na wunim nipadua mu mfiridwuma pɔtee a wode gyae anom a wɔatoto mu a worentetew nam mu no so no, wubetumi abɔ wo ho ban ne abofra anaa afieboa ketewa biara a wohwɛ no.

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Yɛ eyi mprempren¶

Sɛ ɔkraman a onni hama anaa akraman kuw bi tow hyɛ wo so, to wo kɔn mu, anaasɛ ɔtow hyɛ obi anaa afieboa bi so mprempren a, yɛ anammɔn asia yi ntɛm ara:

1. GYAE wo ho ntɛm ara na ntu mmirika da: Bere a wubehu sɛ ɔkraman a ne ho yɛ hu rebɔ wo sobo anaasɛ ɔrebobom no, ma wo nan yɛ nwini koraa. Sɛ wuguan a, ɛkanyan ɔkraman no su a ɛne sɛ ɔbɛtaa n’abɔmmɔ, na ɔkraman a ne kɛse yɛ mfinimfini mpo bɛkyere ɔpanyin bi a ɔretu mmirika wɔ sikɔne abiɛsa mu na waka afi n’akyi de ayi wo nan afi mu. Gyina hɔ dinn te sɛ dua a wo nan ntam kwan bɛyɛ wo mmati na ama woatumi agyina pintinn, dan wo nipadua no kɔ nkyɛnkyɛn kakra (digrii 45) sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobɛda adi sɛ wo ho yɛ teateaa na wonyɛ akasakasa, bobɔ wo nsa petee wɔ wo moma so anaa wo kɔn ho, na hwɛ ɔkraman no koko anaa ne mmati sen sɛ wobɛhwɛ n’ani tẽẽ.
2. Ma abofra ketewa anaa ɔkraman ketewa biara so kɔ soro sɛ ɔkraman a ɔrebɔ ka no da so ara wɔ akyirikyiri bɛboro mita 10 (anammɔn 33) nkutoo na fa to kar atifi anaa akwanside bi akyi: Mmɔ mmɔden da sɛ wobɛma ɔkraman ketewa anaa abofra ketewa bi so akɔ soro wɔ wim bere a ɔkraman a ɔtow hyɛ wo so no rehuruw wɔ w’asen mu dedaw, efisɛ ɔkraman a ɔtow hyɛ no so no behuruw akɔ soro tẽẽ akɔka abofra no anim anaasɛ ɔbɛtwe mo baanu nyinaa akɔ fam. Sɛ kar a esi hɔ, lɔre mpa, anaa ban tenten bi wɔ anammɔn abien mu a, ma abofra no so kɔ kar a esi hɔ no atifi anaa ne hood ntɛm ara.
3. Ma ɔkraman no "bite barrier" ade ansa na adu wo honam ani: Fa akyi bag, sika kotoku, jacket a wɔabobɔw a wɔde abɔ wo nsa a ɛnyɛ nea ɛhyɛ so, nkatanim, nsu toa, dua, anaa sakre frame no mu denneennen wɔ wo nipadua anim wɔ w'asen mu. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ bere nyinaa na ɔkraman a ɔtow hyɛ so bɛka ade a ɛbɛn no a ɛtrɛw a wɔapia akɔ n’ano no; ma ɔkraman no nkyekyere akyi bag anaa jacket nsateaa no so sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a n’anom bɛfa bere a wosan w’akyi nkakrankakra kɔ kar, ɔpon, anaa ban bi so no.
4. Fa w’akyi to ɔfasu, ban, anaa kar so sɛ akraman kuw bi anaa nea ɛboro saa atwa wo ho ahyia a: Wɔ akraman kuw pii ntua mu no, asiane kɛse ne sɛ ɔkraman a ɔto so abien a ɔbɛkyinkyin w’anan akyi de abɔ wo nantwi mma na watwe wo afi wo nan so bere a worehwɛ ɔkraman a odi anim no. San w’akyi ntɛm ara kɔ ɔfasu a ɛyɛ den, dua dua, ban, anaa kar bi nkyɛn sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɔkraman biara rentumi nkɔ w’akyi, anaasɛ wobɛforo tẽẽ akɔ kar a esi hɔ a ɛbɛn wo no anim ne ne atifi.
5. Curl into a tight face-down turtle ball if knocked to the ground: Sɛ ɔkraman kɛse anaa pack bi bɔ wo hwe fam na wuntumi nsan nkɔ wo nan so a, fa wo ho hyɛ wo yafunu so (a w’ani kyerɛ fam) ntɛm ara, fa wo nkotodwe kɔ soro denneennen kɔ wo moma so, fa wo nsa abien no nyinaa hyɛ wo kɔn akyi a woamia w’anim nsa ne wo nsateaa fa hyɛ wo menewa ne w’aso nkyɛnkyɛn denneennen, na yɛ a wunhinhim na yɛ komm kosi sɛ ɔkraman no ani nnye ho bio anaasɛ mmoa bɛba.
6. Mfa yank anaa ntwe akwaa a wɔaka no nkɔ akyi mfi ɔkraman anom a wɔakyekyere no mu da: Sɛ wotwe wo nsa anaa wo nan kɔ akyi wɔ ɔkraman akraman sẽ a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa so a, ɛtetew ntini ne ntini te sɛ saw blade na ɛkanyan ɔkraman no ma ɔbɔ ne ti denneennen. Mmom no, pia akwaa a wɔaka no kakra kɔ mu kɔ ɔkraman no menewa akyi anaasɛ fa abɔso, hama, anaa atade kɔ soro wɔ ɔkraman no kɔn ho wɔ n’aso akyi pɛɛ na twitwa kɔ soro de twa ɔkraman no mframa a ɔde fa mu no mu kosi sɛ obebue n’ano ma wahome.

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Canine hyia ne ntua nkwagye gyinaesi dua¶

Fa saa anifere kwan so nhyehyɛe yi kenkan ɔkraman no nipadua kasa na yɛ ɔkwan a ɛfata a wɔfa so bɔ wɔn ho ban wɔ nhyiam no fã biara mu.

flowchart TD
    SpotDog["Off-Leash Dog anaa Pack Bɛn Wo"] --> ReadPosture{"1. Dɛn ne ɔkraman no gyinabea ne ne nneyɛe?"}
    ReadPosture -->|"A. Nipadua a Ɛyɛ Den, Aso Akyi/Akɔ soro, Ɛbɔ, Ɛrebɔ, Ɛrebɔ, Ɛkura Fam (Asasesin / Defensive) ."| TreeStance["GYAE Tutukɔ Ntɛm ara; Dan Kɔ Akyi Digrii 45; Kwati Aniwa a Wɔde Di Dwuma Tẽẽ; Kura Barrier Object wɔ Anim"]
    ReadPosture -->|"B. Ahoɔhare a Ɛyɛ Komm Charge, Ti a Ɛba Fam, Fixated Stare, anaasɛ Pack Encirclement (Predatory) ."| ClimbOrBarrier["MMA MMIRIRI wɔ Open mu; Fa Anamɔn Kɔ Kar Hood/Roof a Wɔde Sisi So ANAA San Kɔ Ɔfasu a Wɔatrɛw Bite Barrier mu"]
    TreeStance --> BackAway["Kasa wɔ Ɛnne a ɛba fam, emu dɔ, a ɛyɛ komm mu (‘Dabi, Kɔ Fie’); Fa Mommoa Nkakrankakra Fa Kɔ Akyi/Kakyi Fi Asasesin Mu"]
    BackAway --> Lunges{"2. So ɔkraman no tu mmirika kɔ n’anim kɔka?"}
    Lunges -->|"Dabi: Ɔkraman gyina hye so"| SafeExit["Kɔ so Hwɛ Ɔkraman wɔ Digrii 45 Kɔsi sɛ Wobɛkɔ Mita 30 (Anamɔn 100); Mma Nnane Na Mmirikatu Da"]
    Lunges -->|"Yiw: Ɔkraman ahurututu a ne hwene abue"| FeedBarrier["Pia Akyi bag, Jacket-Wrapped Forearm, Bacycle, anaa Bag Kɔ Ɔkraman Ano a Wɔabue Mu"]
    ClimbOrBarrier --> Lunges
    FeedBarrier --> Footing{"3. Woda so ara gyina wo nan so anaasɛ wɔabɔ wo ahwe fam?"}
    Footing -->|"Gyinabea: Ɔkraman a Wɔakyekyere no wɔ Akwanside anaa Ɔhonam Akwaa So"| ReleaseBite["MMA Ntwe Ɔhonam akwaa no San N’akyi; Loop Belt/Leash Behind Dog’s Ears de Siw Mframa ano ANAA Ma Ɔkraman Akyi Nan so"]
    Footing -->|"Wɔabɔ no Ahwease: Wontumi Nnyina"| TurtleBall["Roll Face-Down wɔ Yafunu so; Fa Nkotodwe To Wo Koko so; Fa Nsa a Wɔde Bɛkyekyere Wo Kɔn Akyi; Mia Elbows So Wɔ Menewa So"]
    ReleaseBite --> GetInside["San Akyi Ɔpon a Ɛyɛ Den, Ban, anaa Kar; Frɛ 911 / 112 / 999 ne Mmoa Sohwɛ"]
    TurtleBall --> GetInside

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Akenkan a wɔde akraman nipadua kasa: Territorial bluff vs. predatory mauling¶

Mmoa suban ho animdefo ne polisifo K-9 nteteefo kyekyɛ akraman a wɔyɛ basabasa a wohyia wɔn no mu yɛ wɔn nneyɛe akuw abien: asasesin mu/defensive aggression (a ɛyɛ bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyem 85 a ɛyɛ ɔkraman biako a wohyia) ne predatory/pack aggression (a ɛno na ɛma maulings a emu yɛ den sen biara a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu).

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Anamɔn biara a wobɛbɔ wo ho ban bere a woda so ara gyina wo nan so no¶

Sɛ ɔkraman a ɔyɛ basabasa de nantew to kwan no mu a, wo botae titiriw ne sɛ wobɛtra wo nan so tẽẽ na wobɛma ɔkraman no sẽ akɔto ade a nkwa nnim so sen sɛ wode bɛto wo honam so.

1. Na Stationary "Yɛ Dua" De-Escalation Protocol no¶

Sɛ ɔkraman bi tu mmirika fi gyaade a wɔabue mu anaasɛ ofi akwan bi so rebɔ wo denneennen a:

1. Gyina ntɛm ara: Dua wo nan a ɛne wo mmati ntrɛwmu na wo nan biako di foforo no akyi kakra (akuturukubɔfo gyinabea a ɛkari pɛ) sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɔkraman a ne mu duru yɛ kilogram 40 (nkaribo 90) a ɔde ne moma so bɔ wo nan mu no rentumi mmɔ wo mmɔ wo akyi.
2. Blade wo nipadua 45 degrees: Dan wo hip ne non-dominant mmati kɔ ɔkraman no so. Sɛ wohwɛ ɔkraman anim ahinanan fi wo moma so a, ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ hu ma aboa no na ɛma wo srɛ ne wo menewa da adi; sɛ wodan kɔ nkyɛn a, ɛtew wo botae profile so na ɛkyerɛ sɛ de-escalation.
3. Bobɔ wo nsa mu wɔ wo moma so na fa wo hwene to fam: Nsateaa a ɛho ayɛ hare a ɛsensɛn w’afã no to nsa frɛ nips, na wo nsa a wobɛwosow wo ti wɔ wo ti so no ma ɔkraman no ahuruhuruw no kanyan. Fa wo hwene to fam kakra na ama wode wo hwene abɔ wo carotid ntini ne mframa afiri no ho ban.
4. Fa nne a emu dɔ a ɛwɔ tumi di dwuma (ɛnyɛ nteɛteɛm a ɛkorɔn da): Akraman de nteɛteɛm a ano yɛ den ne osu bata mmoa nketewa a wɔapirapira ho, na ɛma wɔn ntua no yɛ ntɛmntɛm. Fa wo nne to ne register a ɛba fam, a ɛyɛ resonant sen biara no so na fa ahyɛde biako a ɛyɛ den fi wo diaphragm mu kyerɛ: "DABI. TENA. KƆ FIE."
5. San w’akyi brɛoo bere a ɔkraman no agyina pɛn: Sɛ ɔkraman no gyae ahurututu na ogyina hɔ bobɔne wɔ akyirikyiri mita kakraa bi pɛ a, fi ase tu anammɔn brɛoo, hyɛ da tu anammɔn kɔ w’akyi anaasɛ kɔ akyirikyiri fi n’agyapade kwan no so a womma wo nan so nkɔ soro mfi fam, kosi sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no wobɛkɔ mita 30 (anammɔn 100) anaasɛ wobɛkɔ ɔpon anaa kar a wɔato mu akyi.

2. "Bite Barrier" Shield (Akyi bag, Jacket, Baesekre, anaa Nkatanim) a wode bedi dwuma .¶

Sɛ ɔkraman no annyae wɔ ahyɛde a wɔde ano ka ho na ɔde ne ho hyɛ mu sɛ ɔrebɛka a:

• The Backpack anaa Bag Shield: Fa w’akyi bag, briefcase, gym bag, anaa grocery bag fi wo mmati so wɔ sekan biako mu na fa wo nsa abien nyinaa kura mu kɔ wo asen mu tẽẽ wɔ wo nan ne kraman no hwene ntam. Bere a ɔkraman no lunge a n’anom abue no, pia kotoku no kɔ w’anim kɔ ɔkraman no ano. Sɛ ɔkraman de ne hwene kyekyere nylon akyi bag a ɛyɛ den so pɛ a, ne sẽ yɛ nea ɛnyɛ hwee; wubetumi mpo agyae ahama no na woama ɔkraman no atwe na wawosow bag no wɔ fam bere a wonam ntɛmntɛm kɔ ɔdan bi mu anaasɛ woforo kɔ kar so no.
• The Wrapped Forearm Guard (Sɛ wunni bag biara): Sɛ wowɔ jacket, hoodie, anaa sweater nkutoo a, mpire no na fa nhama a ɛyɛ den kyekyere wo non-dominant forearm (sɛ nhwɛso no, wo nsa benkum sɛ woyɛ nsa nifa a). Fa saa nsateaa a wɔakyekyere no no kura wo moma so ne wo yafunu mu te sɛ K-9 ntetee nsateaa a wɔde ntama ayɛ no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a sɛ ɔkraman no huruw a, ɔbɛka atade nsateaa a wɔde ntama ayɛ no wɔ wo akyi radius/ulna dompe no so sen sɛ ɔbɛka wo menewa, w’anim, anaa wo nsateaa mu ntini ahorow.
• The Bicycle Fence (Ma cyclists): Sɛ ɔkraman taa wo bere a wote sakre so na wuntumi ntu mmirika nkɔ dwoodwoo (sɛ nhwɛso no, wo nantew kɔ soro anaasɛ wode abofra nkongua abata ho), gyina, si fam wɔ ɔfã a ɛne ɔkraman no di nhwɛanim, na kura sakre no ntam tẽẽ wɔ wo ne ɔkraman no ntam. Ma anim ne akyi ntwahonan a ɛkyinkyini no nkyerɛ ɔkraman no hwene bere a worekɔ w’akyi no; ɛnyɛ den sɛ akraman ntumi nkɔ sakre ntwahonan ne ne nan ase dade a ɛwɔ spoked mu.
• The Pop-Open Umbrella Trick: Sɛ wokura osuo nkatanim a ɛyɛ compact a, wokyerɛ no sɛ wɔato mu kyerɛ ɔkraman no na popping canopy no bue tẽẽ wɔ kraman no anim ma aniwa ntrɛwmu mpofirim ne acoustic whoosh a ɛma akraman dodow no ara ho dwiriw wɔn ma wohuruw kɔ akyi.

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Nkwa a wonyae wɔ ntua a akraman akuw pii wom mu¶

Akraman kuw a wɔkyinkyin baanu, baasa, anaa nea ɛboro saa yɛ wɔn ade denneennen sen akraman biako biara nkutoo esiane asetra mu ahotɔ (pack adwene) nti: sɛ ɔkraman biako fi ase taa akyi anaasɛ ɔbɔ akuturuku pɛ a, akraman afoforo a wɔwɔ kuw no mu no fi awosu mu de wɔn ho hyɛ ahodwiriw no mu na wosi akan sɛ wɔbɛka.

1. Yi 360-degree flank no fi hɔ ntɛm ara: Pack bi mu paapae fi awosu mu, na ɔkraman a ɔwɔ akokoduru sen biara no bobɔw w’anim bere a ɔkraman a ɔto so abien anaa nea ɔto so abiɛsa di akɔneaba wɔ wo nkotodwe akyi kɔka wo Achilles ntini anaa nantwi ba no. Ntɛm ara a wubehu sɛ akraman bɛboro biako rebɛn no, tu mmirika tu anammɔn abien anaa abiɛsa a ehia na wode w’akyi ayɛ petee wɔ ɔfasu a ɛyɛ den, ban, ɔdan no ntwea so, dua dua, anaa kar a esi so ho sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a pack no betumi afi anim arc a ɛyɛ digrii 180 pɛ abɛn wo.
2. Fa vertical elevation (The Parked Car Roof Sanctuary): Wɔ nkuropɔn anaa kurotia mpɔtam biara, wo nkwagye guankɔbea a ɛbɛn wo fi akraman pack ho ne kar biara a esi hɔ, SUV, pickup truck mpa, dumpster, anaa birikisi fasu a ne sorokɔ boro mita 1.5 (anammɔn 5) hood ne ne atifi. Mma ɛnhaw wo sɛ wobɛbɔ ɔhɔho bi kar hood anaasɛ wobɛtow wɔn kar alarm; nokwarem no, sɛ wuhuruw kɔ kar hood so na wokanyan abɛn alarm a ano yɛ den no bere koro no ara mu no, ɛma woyɛ baabi a akraman no anom ntumi nkɔ hɔ na ɛbɔ ofie wura biara a ɔwɔ abɔnten so kɔkɔ sɛ ɔmmra wɔn mfɛnsere mu na ɔmfrɛ 911.
3. Fa w’adwene si w’akwanside ne ahyɛde ahorow no so wɔ Alpha (Lead) Dog no so: Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔ pack biara mu no, ɔkraman biako a ɔhyɛ ase titiriw na ɔka basabasayɛ no bere a afoforo no di n’akyi akyi. Fa w’akyi bag, dua, anaa nwura kotoku ano akataso to ɔkraman a odi anim no hwene so tẽẽ bere a woresan w’akyi wɔ ban bi so akɔ ɔpon anaa abrannaa pon bi so no.

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Sɛnea wobɛbɔ abofra anaa w’ankasa kraman a wɔde hama abɔ no ho ban bere a wɔtow hyɛ wo so no¶

Awofo a wɔpia keteke a wɔde fa mmofra ne akraman wuranom a wɔnantew afieboa a wɔde hama abɔ wɔn so no ka wɔn a wɔtaa tow hyɛ wɔn so denneennen wɔ akraman so no ho efisɛ wɔbɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔde wɔn nsa a ɛda hɔ kwa de wɔn ho bɛhyɛ mu.

Akokoaa, abofra a ɔretu mmirika, anaa abofra a ɔrekɔ sukuu ho ban a wɔbɛbɔ¶

• Sɛ abofra no te keteke a wɔde fa mmofra mu: Sɛ ɔkraman bi di akɔneaba wɔ akyirikyiri a, ntwe abofra no mfi teaseɛnam a ɛyɛ den a ne ho yɛ den mu ntɛm ara; dane teaseɛnam no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a n’akyi n’akyi n’ani bɛhwɛ ɔkraman no, to teaseɛnam no breki mu sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a entumi nkɔ kar akwan mu, na gyina ɔkraman no ne teaseɛnam no ntam tẽẽ fa wo diaper bag no yɛ akwanside a ɛbɛma wɔaka no. Nanso, sɛ ɔkraman kɛse bi a ne ho yɛ den de nsiyɛ rehuruw akɔ stroller nkongua no mu a, fa abofra no fi adi ntɛm ara na fa abofra no to kar a esi a ɛbɛn hɔ no atifi anaa ofipamfo bi anim pon mu, anaasɛ fa wo nipadua kyekyere abofra no so wɔ fam.
• Sɛ ɔkraman de nsiyɛ rebɔ abofra a: Ntwe abofra no nipadua no nkɔ akyi nkɔ ɔkraman no anom (a ɛtetew abofra no honam ani ne ntini mu), na mfa wo nsateaa a ɛda hɔ kwa nbɔ ɔkraman no ti nhwi anaa ne mpampam (sɛ wobɔ ɔkraman a ɔde kar kɔ soro wɔ ne ti nhwi dompe a ɛyɛ den no so a, ɛma ne tumi a ɛma ɛyaw no ka no yɛ kɛse ara kwa). Ntɛm ara fa Collar/Belt Airway Choke Release a wɔaka ho asɛm wɔ aseɛ ha no gu so de hyɛ ɔkraman no anom ma ɛbue wɔ sikani 5 kɔsi 10 mu, berɛ a ɔpanin a ɔtɔ so mmienu anaa w’ankasa wo nipadua bɔ abofra no ho ban.

W’ankasa kraman a wɔde hama abɔ no a wobɛbɔ ho ban afi obi a ɔtow hyɛ obi a onni hama so¶

1. Ansa na nkitahodi bɛba: Fa wo kraman to wo nan akyi, tu anammɔn kɔ w’anim kɔ ɔkraman a ɔmfa hama nhyɛ ne ho a ɔrebɛn no nkyɛn, tow nsa kakraa bi a ɛyɛ kraman aduru a ne hua yɛ den gu pavement no so tẽẽ wɔ ɔkraman a ɔrebɔ charge no anim (kibble scatter twetwe akraman pii a wɔayɛ mmerɛw no adwene sikɔne 5), anaasɛ fa citronella spray / EPA-registered canine pepper spray fa charging no so ɔkraman hwene a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri mita 2 kosi 3 (anammɔn 6.5 kosi 10).
2. Tow wo kraman hama sɛ ɔko a edi mũ pae: Sɛ ɔkraman a onni hama no tow hyɛ wo kraman so na wuntumi ntetew wɔn mu ansa na wo ne no adi nkitaho a, tow wo hama no awiei gui sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a w’ankasa kraman no renkyekyere no na ontumi nkɔ baabiara bere a wɔreka no; ɔkraman a ne ho ayɛ hare betumi ayɛ ne ho anaasɛ waguan yiye koraa sen ɔkraman a wɔde hama abɔ no a wɔde abɔ wo nsateaa ho.

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Sɛnea wobubu kraman a wɔatoto mu a wɔaka no (Bere a ɔkraman rennyae) .¶

Nnomaa ahorow bi a wɔyɛ adwuma ne terrier-type ahorow bi a wɔwɔ tumi da "bite-and-hold" (wɔtaa di mfomso frɛ no "lockjaw" adi: ɔkraman biara nni nipadua mu afiri a ɛtoto ne hwene nnompe mu, nanso wɔn masseter ne temporalis anom ntini no de ahoɔden kɛse a ɛkɔ so kyekye na ɛrennyae bere a wɔabɔ no). Sɛ ɔkraman bi abɔ obi nsa, ne nan, anaa abofra bi na ɔpow sɛ obegyae a, sɛ ɔbɔ ɔkraman no nipadua anaasɛ ɔtwe nea wɔakum no no kɔ n’akyi no rentumi nyɛ adwuma yiye na ɛbɛma ntini ahorow no apaapae kɛse.

Fa akwan abiɛsa a wɔada no adi sɛ wɔfa so gyae nipadua mu yi di dwuma, a polisifo K-9 akyerɛkyerɛfo ne mmoa sohwɛfo a wɔahyehyɛ no nnidiso nnidiso sɛnea etu mpɔn:

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Mmoa a edi kan a wɔde ma ntɛm ara wɔ ntua akyi: Mogya a ɛtɔ gu nipadua mu no ano aduru, kuru a wɔde gugu so nsu, ne amanneɛbɔ¶

Sɛ wɔtetew ɔkraman no mu na wowɔ ɔpon a wɔato mu akyi anaasɛ wowɔ kar mu dwoodwoo a, dan kɔ aduruyɛ mu ayaresa a ɛfa ahodwiriw ho ntɛm ara:

1. Di kan di mogya a ɛba ntini anaa ntini mu a ɛde nkwa to asiane mu no so:
2. Sɛ mogya retu denneennen anaasɛ ɛreboaboa ano ntɛmntɛm afi kɔn, asen, abasa, anaa nan mu kuru bi mu a, fa gauze pad a wɔabobɔw a ɛyɛ den anaa atade a ɛho tew fa wo nsa abien nyinaa mia mogya a ɛretu no so tẽẽ** na kura nhyɛso a ɛkɔ so, a emu yɛ duru mu.
3. Sɛ akwaa kuru kɔ so mogya tu a wuntumi nni so denam nhyɛso tẽẽ so a, fa mframa a wɔde di gua tourniquet a ɛyɛ sɛntimita 5 kosi 8 (nsateakwaa 2 kosi 3) gu kuru a wɔaka no so (ɛnyɛ sɛ ɛnkɔ nkwaa bi so tẽẽ da) na hyɛ mu den kosi sɛ mogya no begyae. Hwɛ yɛn Mogya a Ɛyɛ Den ne Tourniquet akwankyerɛ.
4. Fa nsuo gugu akuru a wɔatutu ne akuru a wɔapaapae mu no so yie simma 15:
5. Sɛ wodi mogya a emu yɛ den so wie a, akuru a akraman aka no soa mmoawa adesoa kɛse (Pasteurella, Capnocytophaga, Staphylococcus, tetanus) ne rabies mmoawa a ebetumi aba wɔ nnompe mu.
6. Fa akuru a wɔaka no kura tap nsu a ɛho tew a ɛsen ne samina a emu nyɛ den asuten a ano yɛ den ase tẽẽ simma 15 a edi mũ. Wiase Nyinaa Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde (WHO) ayaresabea akwankyerɛ ahorow si so dua sɛ samina ne nsu a ɛreworo so a wode simma 15 hohoro wo ho ntɛm ara a, ɛma ɔyare mmoawa no mu nneɛma nketenkete fi nipadua mu na ɛma srade a ɛwɔ akisikuru mmoawa no mu no tew, na ɛtew asiane a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wobenya akisikuru no so kɛse ansa na woadu ayaresabea mpo.
7. Mfa teyp nsɔ kuru a wɔato kraman a wɔato mu a wɔato mu wɔ fie da: Fa aduru a wɔde kyekyere kuru a ɛyɛ nwunu na ɛyɛ nwunu kata kuru a wɔahohoro no so yiye na kɔ dwumadibea a wɔhwɛ ntɛmpɛ anaa ayaresabea a wɔhwɛ ntɛm ntɛm ara kɔhwehwɛ nnuru a wɔkyerɛw ma wɔde siw ɔyare mmoawa ano (te sɛ amoxicillin-clavulanate), tetanus booster check, ne rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) nhwehwɛmu. Hwɛ yɛn nyinaa Animal Bites mmoa a edi kan ho akwankyerɛ.
8. Kyerɛw ɔkraman ne ne wura no ho nkrataa ma rabies quarantine verification:
9. Twa ɔkraman no, owura no, ofie no address, anaa owura no kar no ho mfonini fi akyirikyiri, na bɔ ntua no ho amanneɛ ntɛm ara kyerɛ Police and Municipal Animal Control.
10. Nea enti a kraman pɔtee no a wobehu no ho hia wɔ aduruyɛ mu: Sɛ Animal Control hwehwɛ ofie kraman no na wɔde no hyɛ nnafua 10 mmoa a wɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔayi wɔn afi nnipa mu ase na ɔkraman no kɔ so nya apɔwmuden wɔ nnafua 10 akyi a, nea wɔayɛ no bɔne no betumi akwati anaasɛ obegyae rabies vaccine a wɔde di dwuma pii no. Sɛ ɔkraman no guan a wonnim no a, ɛsɛ sɛ wufi ase yɛ rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (HRIG + vaccine) ntoatoaso no ntɛm ara.

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Nsɛm a wɔtaa bisa¶

Dɛn nti na ɛnsɛ sɛ miguan da bere a ɔkraman a ne ho yɛ hu bɔ me so anaasɛ ɔtow hyɛ me so no?¶

Nnipa tumi tu mmirika bɛyɛ kilomita 15 kosi 24 dɔnhwerew biara (mph 10 kosi 15), bere a ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ofie kraman biara a ɔyɛ mfinimfini anaa kɛse tumi tu mmirika kilomita 40 kosi 50 dɔnhwerew biara (mph 25 kosi 30), a ɛkyerɛ sɛ honam fam no, ɛrentumi nyɛ yiye sɛ obetu mmirika asen ɔkraman wɔ asase a ɛda hɔ so. Nea enye koraa no, sɛ wodan w’akyi na wutu mmirika a, ɛkanyan ɔkraman a ɔwɔ hama a ɛyɛ den a ɔde taa mmoa a wɔkyere mmoa we, na ɛdan asasesin mu bluff ma ɛbɛyɛ ntua a efi n’akyi di nkitaho koraa. Mmom no, gyae kankyee ntɛm ara, gyina hɔ dinn te sɛ dua a wɔadan no digrii 45, hwɛ ɔkraman no koko mmom sen sɛ wobɛhwɛ n’ani, na fa akyi bag anaa jacket a wɔabobɔw wɔ wo nipadua anim sɛ akwanside bere a woresan w’akyi nkakrankakra no.

Ɔkwan bɛn na ɛyɛ ntɛm sen biara a wɔfa so ma ɔkraman a ɔtow hyɛ no so gyae bere a wɔde ne hwene abɔ obi anaa abofra so no?¶

Mma ntwe nea wɔayɛ no bɔne no nsa anaa ne nan nkɔ akyi nkɔ ɔkraman no sẽ so da, na nsɛe bere mfa mmɔ ɔkraman no ti nhwi anaa ne mpampam, na ɛno ma ɔkraman a ɔde kar kɔ soro no kyere no denneennen. Ɔkwan a ɛyɛ ntɛm na wotumi de ho to so sen biara a wɔfa so gyae ne mframa kwan a wɔde menewa: fa abɔso, ɔkraman hama, sika kotoku hama, anaa atade a wɔakyinkyim no kɔ soro wɔ ɔkraman a ɔretow ahyɛ no so no kɔn ho wɔ n’aso akyi pɛɛ, kyinkyim no denneennen, na twe tẽẽ kɔ soro na woatwa kraman no mframa a ɔde ma no. Ɛsɛ sɛ mmoa a wɔnom nufusu biara bue n’ano de home hwehwɛ mframa wɔ sikɔne 8 kosi 15 mu; kɔ so di ahama no so denneennen kɔ soro bere a anom no bue sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wubetumi atwe ɔkraman no akɔ akyi ansa na wasan aka no bio.

Sɛ ɔkraman kɛse anaa kuw bi bɔ me hwe fam a, gyinabea bɛn na ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ mu?¶

Sɛ wɔabɔ wo ahwe fam na wuntumi mfa wo ho nkɔhyɛ kar hood so ntɛm ara anaasɛ wosan nkɔ wo nan so a, fa wo ho to wo yafunu so (n’anim kɔ fam), twe wo nkotodwe denneennen kɔ soro wɔ wo moma so de bɔ wo yafunu akwaa ne wo asen mu ntini ho ban, fa wo nsa bɔ wo kɔn mu denneennen wɔ wo kɔn akyi, na mia wo nsateaa ne wo nsateaa so denneennen wɔ wo menewa, w’anim, . ne aso. Tra hɔ dinn koraa na yɛ komm te sɛ dua; wo kɔn mu ntini atitiriw a wobɛma wɔabɔ ho ban na woagyae kankyee nyinaa no yi nea ɛkanyan aboafo a wɔrepere wɔn ho no fi hɔ kosi sɛ mmoa bɛba anaasɛ ɔkraman no ani nnye ho bio.

So dua a ɛwosow kyerɛ sɛ ɔkraman a ɔmfa hama nhyɛ ne ho a ɔrebɛn no wɔ adamfofa su?¶

Dabi, dua a ɛwosow kyerɛ nkate mu nkannyan, na ɛnyɛ adamfofa su. Bere a dua a ɛwosow a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛtrɛw, na ɛprapra a nipadua a ɛyɛ ahomegye na ɛwosow ka ho no kyerɛ ɔkraman a ɔwɔ adamfofa su no, dua a wɔkura mu kɔ soro na ɛyɛ den wɔ akyi berɛmo no atifi a ɛwosow ntɛmntɛm kɔ anim ne akyi wɔ akuturuku ntiantiaa a emu yɛ den mu ("frankaa") yɛ kɔkɔbɔ sɛnkyerɛnne a wɔtaa de di dwuma a ɛkyerɛ sɛ obi nya tumi kɛse anaa asasesin mu akanyan ansa na wɔaka no. Mma wo nsa nkɔ ɔkraman a onnim no a onni hama a ne dua yɛ den na ɛkorɔn no so da.

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Sources a wɔhwɛɛ mu¶

• Wiase Akwahosan Ahyehyɛde (WHO): Mmoa a Wɔka Wɔn Ho Nokwasɛm Krataa ne WHO Abenfo Nkɔmmɔbɔ a Ɛfa Rabies Ho (Simma 15 Samina ne Nsu a Wɔde Gu Akuru Ho Nsuo Ho Nhyehyɛe).
• Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Nyarewa So na Wɔde Siw Ano (CDC, United States): Akwankyerɛ a Wɔde Siw Akraman a Wɔka Wɔn, Mmofra Akraman a Wɔka Wɔn Ho Opira Nyarewa, ne Rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) Gyinapɛn.
• Amerika Mmoa Aduruyɛ Fekuw (AVMA, United States): Akraman a Wɔka Wɔn a Wosiw Ano Adwuma Kuw Nkamfo, Akraman Nipadua Kasa a Wɔkenkan, ne De-Escalation Gyinabea Ahobammɔ.
• United States Postal Service (USPS) ne Ɔman Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Adwumayɛ mu Ahobammɔ ne Akwahosan So (NIOSH, United States): Krataa a Wɔde Fa Akraman Ntua Ho Banbɔ Nhyehyɛe (Satchel Barrier Positioning ne Canine Repellent Spray Use).
• Ɔman Polisifo Akraman Fekuw (NPCA) ne UK Dwumadibea a Ɛhwɛ Nneɛma a Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia, Aduan ne Nkuraase Nsɛm So (DEFRA, United Kingdom): Akraman Ka Mfiridwuma, Collar Choke Airway Release Procedures, ne Dangerous Dog Incident Response.

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Akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa ho¶

• Mmoa a wɔka wɔn ne rabies mmoa a edi kan
• Mogya a ɛtɔ kɛse ne tourniquet a wɔde gu so
• Ntwitwiridii, srasra, ne puncture kuru hwɛ
• Ofie adwumayɛfo a ɔno nkutoo yɛ adwuma, ofirikafo a ɔde nneɛma kɔma nkurɔfo, ne agyapade a ɛkyerɛ ahobammɔ
• Ayera abɔnten ne sare so nkwa
• Emergency nɔma ahorow ho kyerɛwtohɔ