Sheared-Off Fire Hydrant Geyser anaa City Water Main Depressurization: Akyi-Siphonage Efĩ a Wobegyae Kɔ Wo Fie¶

Sɛ wohwɛ w’anim mfɛnsere mu a wubehu nsu geyser a ne tenten yɛ mita 10 (anammɔn 33) a ɛrebobom akɔ wim bere a kar bi atwitwa abɔnten so ntwea so ogya afiri a ɛyɛ nwini, anaasɛ wobɛdan wo dan mu faucet bere a ogya retɔ wɔ mpɔtam hɔ fie anaasɛ kurow akɛse mu nsu titiriw a ɛrebubu bere a wote sɛ wo tap no reyɛ dede, tokuru "sucking / abɛn" nnyigyei (negative vacuum pressure) ansa na wobɛte brown rust, yɛ hydraulic, anyinam ahoɔden, ne ɔmanfo-akwahosan ho asɛm a egye ntɛmpɛ. Afiewuranom dodow no ara susuw sɛ sɛ wɔtwitwa ogya nsu a wɔde fa nsu mu anaasɛ abɔnten so nsu a wɔde kyekyɛ nneɛma a ne kɛse yɛ milimita 400 (nsateakwaa 16) pae a, ɔhaw biako pɛ ne sɛ tap mu nsu bɛyera bere tiaa bi. Nokwarem no, nsu kɛse a ɛba mpofirim wɔ mmɔnten so baabi a ɛkorɔn no ma nsu nhyɛso a ɛwɔ kurow no mu nsu kɛse no mu no so tew fi sɛnea ɛte daa no so ** .275 to 550 kilopascals (40 to 80 psi) ase hɔ 0 psi (creating a powerful sub-atmospheric siphon vacuum wɔ abɔnten so paipu mu), titiriw ma afie a wɔte mmeae a ɛkorɔn kakra wɔ block no ho.

Gye sɛ woyɛ ade wɔ simma 2 kosi 3 a edi kan no mu de tew wo fie nsu ho nhama ho, saa abɔnten so mframa kɛse no twe nsu akyi fi wo fie ne mpɔtam hɔ nsu afiri mu (Back-Siphonage): twe awuduru ethylene glycol anaa chromate corrosion inhibitors fi hydronic heating boilers, blue quaternary-ammonium/chlorine nnuru tablets fi tiafi nsukorabea, Ortho/Roundup lawn nwura-kum ne fango fi turo-hose dial sprayers a wogyaw da atɛkyɛ mu, ne fecal asase mu nsu a wɔtwe fa mu mpaapaemu nketenkete a ɛwɔ abɔnten so kɛse a nhyɛso a wɔayi afi mu no mu kɔ wo fie kɔbere/PEX nsu a wɔnom ne nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔde yɛ ɔhyew dan mu tẽẽ. Bere koro no ara mu no, vacuum a enye no betumi anom wo kɔbere anaa dade nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ hyew no atifi dome no akɔ mu te sɛ soda toa a wɔabubu (vacuum implosion) anaasɛ fa nsu a ɛwɔ soro a ɛma ɔhyew no mu ma ɛnyɛ hyew sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a anyinam ahoɔden nhama a ɛwɔ ahoɔden a ɛyɛ 4,500-watt no bɛhyew ("dry-firing") wɔ sikɔne 60 mu. Ɛdenam wo fie Main Indoor Water Shutoff Valve a wobɛto mu ntɛm ara, adum circuit breaker (anaasɛ gas control a wɔahyɛ no Pilot) wɔ wo hot-water heater so, na sɛ wubue ɔsoro sink faucet biako de bubu emu vacuum no a, wobɔ wo plumbing, mfiri, ne nsu a wonom ho ban fi efĩ a ɛyɛ hu ho.

(Sɛ wopɛ kurow no nyinaa boil-water ne nnuru a wɔde efĩ ho ahyɛde ahorow a, hwɛ Kurow no nyinaa mu nsu titiriw ahomegye ne boil-nsu ho afotu na Nnom vs. boil-water advisory: nnuru anaa pɛtro a wɔde gu tap nsu mu. Sɛ wo main shutoff valve no ayɛ rust a, hwɛ Nsu titiriw a wɔde to mu no akɔ so ayɛ adwuma, apon-valve no dua a ayɛ mmerɛw, ne curb-stop safe ne yɛn wiase nyinaa nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ kyerɛwtohɔ.)

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Yɛ eyi mprempren¶

1. Sɛ kar bi twaa ogya afiri bi a ɛwɔ wo abɔnten so kɛkɛ a (Erupting Street Geyser): Anyɛ yiye koraa no, tra akyi mita 15 (anammɔn 50), MMFA kar anaasɛ nkɔ nsu a ɛreworo so no mu DA, na frɛ 911 NE wo kurow no mu 24/7 Water Utility Emergency Line (311) ntɛm ara.
2. Nea Enti a Ɛnsɛ sɛ Wokɔ Hydrant Geyser: Hydrant a ɛyɛ nsuo a wɔatwitwa (or a broken dry-barrel hydrant stem) yi nsuo lita 4,000 kɔsi 9,500 (galɔn 1,000 kɔsi 2,500) gu simma biara mu wɔ 400 to 700 kPa (60 to 100 psi) na ɛyɛ. Saa jet no pae dade a abubu, abo a wɔde ayɛ, ne asphalt asinasin fa kar mframa ahwehwɛ mu, na wɔ simma 3 kosi 5 mu no, nsu a ɛrebobom no sɛe asase a ɛwɔ abɔnten so kwan no ase, na ɛyɛ sub-pavement sinkhole a aniwa nhu a ebetumi amene kar anaa obi a ɔnam fam mũ.
3. Sɛ kar a ahwe ase no akɔhyɛ utility pole a ahwe ase NE hydrant geyser no mu a: Fa nsuyiri nsu a ɛsen fa abɔnten so gutter no nyinaa di dwuma sɛ a ahoɔden wɔ 7,200 volts (see Tumi nhama a ahwe ase ne kar mu anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ).
4. Nantew kɔ wo dan ase, utility closet, crawlspace, anaa garage MPREMPREN na to wo fie Main Indoor Water Shutoff Valve (Ball Valve anaasɛ Gate Valve).
5. Wo dan mu shutoff valve titiriw a wobɛto mu ( .located right where the main water pipe enters your foundation wall or slab, next to the water meter) honam fam seals wo fie plumbing nhyehyɛe nyinaa fi abɔnten so nsu main.
6. Saa adeyɛ biako yi yɛ nneɛma abien a ɛho hia prɛko pɛ: (a) ɛkyere nsu a ɛho tew a wɔahyɛ no den a wɔnom lita 150 kosi 300 (galɔn 40 kosi 80) wɔ wo nsu a wɔde yɛ hyew ne ofie paipu mu, na (b) ɛmma mframa bɔne a ɛwɔ abɔnten kɛse a nhyɛso a ɛwɔ mu no mu no ntumi nnom tiafi-tank mu nnuru, boiler nsu, anaa abɔnten so akyi a atɛkyɛ wom wo fie paipu.
7. Flip 240V anyinam ahoɔden circuit breaker ma wo Electric Hot-Water Heater no kɔ OFF (anaasɛ dane wo Gas Water Heater control knob no kɔ PILOT) wɔ simma 2 ntam.
8. Sɛ abɔnten so nhyɛso kɔ fam sen zero ansa na woato wo valve titiriw no mu a, nsu no kɔ akyi fi nsuonwini a wɔde gu mu a ɛwɔ wo nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔde yɛ ɔhyew afiri no atifi no mu, na ɛma nsu a ɛwɔ tank no mu no so tew sɛntimita 20 kosi 30 (nsateakwaa 8 kosi 12).
9. Wɔ Electric Water Heater so no, wɔde Upper 4,500-Watt Heating Element no asisi baabi a ɛbɛn tank no atifi: bere a saa element no bɛda mframa mu mmom sen nsu no, ɛhyew ne ho ("Dry-Firing") wɔ sikɔne 30 kosi 60 mu, na ɛma element sheath no nwene na ɛhwehwɛ sɛ wɔsesa plumber. Sɛ wodum breaker no ( .labeled "Water Heater") siw dry-firing ano ntɛm ara.
10. Bue nsuonwini faucet BAKO a ɛkorɔn wɔ wo fie abansoro so (na yi abɔnten turo mu hose biara fi gyaade spigots mu) na ama siphon vacuum biara a aka wɔ mu no abubu.
11. Sɛ wote sɛ faucet bi rebɔ abɛn anaasɛ ɛrenom mframa ansa na woadu wo shutoff valve titiriw no ho a, sɛ wubue aguaree sink tap biako a ɛwɔ abansoro a ɛwɔ soro a, ɛma dan mu mframa a ɛho tew kɔ wo fie riser pipe no atifi (acting as a manual vacuum breaker), a ɛmma wo kɔbere nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛwɔ wo nsukorabea no nhwe ase nkɔ mu wɔ nhyɛso bɔne ase.
12. Nantew abɔnten na ntɛm ara yi turo mu hose biara a ɛte bokiti, kiddie pool, puddle, anaasɛ ɛbata insecticide/weed-killer dial-sprayer bottle (even if the spigot has a brass vacuum breaker, old rubber diaphragms stick open and allow weed killer to be sucked straight into your kitchen water line during a street pressure drop).
13. MMA nnom, nhohoro wo sẽ, nyɛ nkokoaa aduan, anaasɛ mfa nsukyenee a efi wo frigye mu nni dwuma sɛ tap biara de mframa anaa nsu a ɛyɛ bruu petepetee ansa na woato valve titiriw no mu a.
14. Bere biara a municipal street-main pressure bɛkɔ fam ase ** .140 kilopascals (20 psi)** ( ) .the federal EPA and state regulatory minimum threshold), mmara hwehwɛ sɛ nsuo adwumayɛbea no de Ahwɛyie Boil-Water Advisory (or Do-Not-Drink Notice) ma nhyɛso beae a ɛka no kosi sɛ nhyɛso pa bɛsan aba, titiriw no yɛ hyper-chlorinated, na nna abien a ɛtoatoa so (24 to 48 hours) a ɛyɛ bɔne E. coli / total coliform bacterial lab samples yiyi nkyerɛwde no fi hɔ.

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Gyinaesi dua: Mmuae a wɔde ma wɔ ogya nsu a wɔde fa nsu mu geyser a wɔatwitwa anaasɛ kurow no mu nsu a ɛba mpofirim ho¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Sheared-Off Fire Hydrant Geyser wɔ Abɔnten so ANAA Faucets Sputtering/Whistling a Nsuo Nhyɛso Zero"] --> StreetCheck{"So Geyser anaa Nsuyiri a Ɛma Nhyɛso Kɛse a Ɛyɛ Adwuma Wɔ Wo Abɔnten So Mprempren yi?"}

    StreetCheck -->|"YIW: Hydrant a ɛyɛ adwuma anaa Main Break Geyser"| SceneSafety["Anamɔn 1: Tra Akyi Mita 15+ (anammɔn 50); Hwɛ sɛnea Tumi Nhama a Ahwe ase & Asphalt Sinkholes; Frɛ 911 ne Nsuo Dwumadibea (311) ."]

    StreetCheck -->|"DABI: Faucets Ayera Nhyɛso anaa Mframa a Wɔnom Mpofirim"| IsolateHome["Anamɔn 2: To Wo Fie MAIN INDOOR WATER SHUTOFF VALVE no mu Ntɛm ara na Siw Back-Siphonage ano"]
    SceneSafety --> IsolateHome

    IsolateHome --> ProtectHeater["Anamɔn 3: DUM Electric Water Heater 240V Breaker (anaasɛ Fa Gas Heater to PILOT) na Siw Dry-Firing & Tank Collapse ano"]

    ProtectHeater --> BreakVac["Anamɔn 4: Bue Top-Floor Cold Faucet BIAKO na Bubu Mu Pipe Vacuum Biara + Bue Abɔnten Turo Hoses"]

    BreakVac --> SiphonCheck{"So Wo Faucets no Sum Mframa Anaasɛ Ɛteɛteɛm Nsu a Ne Kɔla Asesa Ansa na Woreto Valve Titiriw no mu?"}

    SiphonCheck -->|"DABI: Wɔato Main Valve Ansa na Reverse Siphon Biara"| SafeReserve["Wo Indoor Pipes & Water Heater kɔ so yɛ Clean; Twɛn Kosi sɛ Kurow no Popa Boil-Water Advisory Ansa na Woasan Bue Main Valve"]

    SiphonCheck -->|"YIW: Reverse Vacuum Bae"| PurgeProtocol["Anamɔn 5: Fa no sɛ Back-Siphonage Sii -> NNnom Tap Nsu; Di Kan Hohoro Spigots a Ɛwɔ Abɔnten So, Afei Hohoro Tap a Ɛyɛ Nwini, na Yi Nsu a Ɛyɛ Ɔhyew Bere a Nhyɛso Sane Awie no"]

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Ɔfã 1: Abɔde mu nneɛma ho nimdeɛ a ɛfa "Back-Siphonage" (Why a street water break sucks poison into your drinking pipes) .¶

Wɔ da biara da dwumadie a ɛyɛ daa ase no, wo municipal nsuo adwumayɛbea no kura gauge pressure pa a ɛyɛ ** .275 to 550 kPa (40 to 80 psi)** wɔ asase ase mmɔnten akɛse no nyinaa mu. Saa abɔnten so nhyɛso pa no ma awerɛhyem sɛ sɛ mpaapaemu ketewaa bi wɔ asase ase abɔnten so paipu mu anaasɛ wugyaw turo mu hose bi a wɔde ahyɛ bokiti a samina wom mu a, nsu a ɛho tew pia kɔ abɔnten nkutoo.

Sɛ wɔtwitwa ogya nsuo bi wɔ wo kokoɔ no ase, anaasɛ sɛ odumgyafoɔ adwumakuo pɔmpɛ engine mmiɛnsa bata mpɔtam hɔ nsuo afiri ho na ɛtwe lita 15,000 (galɔn 4,000) simma biara de ko tia ogya a ɛtɔ wɔ aguadi mu a, Bernoulli nnyinasosɛm ne tumi a ɛtwe nsuo a ɛtwe ade ba fam no ma nsuo kɔ fam ntɛmntɛm kɔ ahomegyeɛ no mu. Wɔ nsu afiri a ɛsom afie a ɛforo kɔ baabi a ɛpaapae no mu no, gauge pressure no kɔ fam kɛse wɔ fam ** .0 kPa / 0 psi akɔhyɛ vacuum fã bi mu ( .-30 to -85 kPa / -5 to -12 psi)** na ɛyɛ.

5 Ofie & Mpɔtam Cross-Connections a Wɔde Sucked Kɔ Nsã Pipes Bere a Vacuum Adeyɛ Bi¶

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Ɔfã 2: Nea enti a nsu nhyɛso a enye no bubu ( .implodes) nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔde yɛ ɔhyew na ɛhyew nneɛma a ɛma ɔhyew¶

Sɛ nnuru biara nkɔ wo nsu afiri mu mpo a, abɔnten so nhyɛso a ɛba fam mpofirim betumi asɛe $1,500 kosi $3,000 atrae mu nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a wɔde yɛ hyew wɔ nea ennu simma 3 mu denam akwan abien a mfiri di huammɔ so:

1. Vacuum Implosion a Ɛwɔ Nsu a Ɛyɛ Hɔ a Wɔde Yɛ Ɔhyew Tank ( ."The Crushed Soda-Can Effect") .¶

• Sɛnea Ɛba: Nsuo a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛwɔ tank a wɔte mu (150 to 300 liters / 40 to 80 gallons) yɛ nea wɔayɛ no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ebetumi agyina mfinimfini nhyɛso a ɛkɔ soro ano (tested to 2,068 kPa / 300 psi), nanso ne dade anaa kɔbere afasu a ɛyɛ tratraa a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa no ntumi nnyina abɔnten wim a ɛbubu bere a emu mframa (-50 to -90 kPa / -7 to -13 psi) twe nsuo fi nsuo a ɛyɛ nwini a wɔde gu nsuo mu.
• Sɛ wo fie nni **Vacuum Relief Valve ( .ANSI Z21.22 / CSA 4.4.101.3 kPa / 14.7 psi piapia wɔ tank no akyi nsateakwaa biara ahinanan so) betumi abɔ dade tank a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa no mu na abubu akɔ mu, apaapae emu ahwehwɛ-porcelain liner no mu ma enti tank no pae bere a kurow no mu nsu nhyɛso san ba no.

2. "Dry-Firing" Ɔhyew a ɛwɔ Ɔsoro 4,500-Watt Electric Heating Element¶

• Wɔ 240-volt anyinam ahoɔden tank nsuo a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ gyinapɛn mu no, kɔbere/Incoloy ɔhyew nneɛma mmienu na ɛwɔ hɔ: ade a ɛwɔ fam a ɛbɛn ase ne adeɛ a ɛdi kan a ɛwɔ soro a wɔde asisi sɛntimita 25 (nsateakwaa 10) firi tank no atifi.
• Efisɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nwini a ɛkɔ mu no (dip tube) wɔ tokuru ketewa bi a ɛko tia siphon a wɔatu wɔ baabi a ɛbɛn tank no atifi, abɔnten so vacuum bi siphon nsu no atifi 20% kosi 30% fi tank no mu, na ɛma ɔhyew ade a ɛwɔ soro no sɛn mframa kotoku mu.
• Saa bere yi nyinaa, thermostat no te nka sɛ tank no atifi reyɛ nwini na ɛsakra 240 volts (18.75 amps / 4,500 watts) wɔ soro element no so. Sɛ nsu a ɛyɛ nsu ntwa dade coil no ho nhyia a ɛbɛfa ɔhyew no akɔ a, element no hyerɛn te sɛ cherry-red wɔ mframa mu na ɛbɔ/ɛpae bue wɔ sikɔne 30 kosi 60 mu ("Dry-Firing") na ɛyɛ.
• Mmara a Ɛyɛ Pɛpɛɛpɛ Ansa na Wobɛsan Dane Wo Electric Water Heater Breaker San ON Bere a Nsuo Atwa Akyi: MMFA wo anyinam ahoɔden nsuo a ɛyɛ hyew circuit breaker no nsan nkɔ ON kosi sɛ woadan nsu a ɛyɛ hyew faucet wɔ wo kitchen anaa aguaree sink mu na woahwɛ nsu a ɛyɛ den, ɛkɔ so, a mframa nnim a ɛsen anyɛ yiye koraa no simma 2 a edi mũ (a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔasan ahyɛ tank no mu ma 100% akodu soro pɛɛ na wɔayi mframa kotoku a akyea nyinaa afi mu).

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Ɔfã 3: Nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ bere a kurow no san dan nsu kwan no (Avoiding "Water Hammer" & Purging Rust/Contaminants) .¶

Sɛ nkurow akɛse mu nsu adwumayɛfo wie bolt wɔ ogya nsukorabea foforo anaasɛ clamping abɔnten so main a apaapae ne crank bue abɔnten pon valve, compressed mframa kotoku ne brown iron-oxide paipe nsenia (tuberculation) no bɔ wɔ abɔnten kɛse no so wɔ ahoɔhare kɛse so. Sɛ wubue wo fie valve titiriw no anibiannaso bere a worepressurization no a, ɛbɛma faucet aerator, frigye filter, ne washing-machine solenoid screen biara a ɛwɔ wo fie no asiw.

5-Anamɔn Ahobammɔ Ofie Repressurization & Flushing Ntoatoaso¶

1. Twɛn Simma 15 kosi 20 Bere a Abɔnten so Nhyɛso Asan Aba Ansa na Woabue Wo Valve Titiriw no: Ma w’afipamfo ne kurow no mu adwumayɛfo no nsu a wɔde hohoro nsu a ɛwɔ nsu ase no nkɔ mogya mfi basabasayɛ a edi kan a ɛyɛ bruu a ɛyɛ bruu ne mframa a wɔahyɛ no den a ɛwɔ abɔnten so kɛse no mu no mu kan.
2. Flush Fi Wo Exterior Spigot a Ɛba Fam Pa (Or Pre-Meter Laundry Tub) NKYEKYƐMU:
3. Crack wo Main Indoor Shutoff Valve bue 25% pɛ (quarter-open) mfiase no sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a woremfa mframa-kotoku mu nsu-hama shockwave a ɛsɛe ade nbɔ wo dan mu paipu ne tiafi a wɔde hyɛ mu ma valves.
4. Ntɛm ara bue abɔnten turo-hose bib (spigot) wɔ fie no anim anaa cold tap a ɛwɔ basement utility sink (a enni fine mesh aerators) na ma ɛnkɔ so simma 5 kosi 10 kosi sɛ mframa a ɛrehuruhuruw no begyae na nsu no akɔ so atew koraa na ayɛ nwini.Once all air is purged, bue your Main Shutoff Valve 100%.
5. Bue Mesh Aerators no Fi Wo Indoor Faucets Ansa na Woahohoro Taps a Ɛyɛ Nwini:
6. Yi mframa nketewa a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa a ɛwɔ screen no fi wo dan mu ne aguaree faucets ano (use your fingers or a cloth-wrapped wrench), afei dane nsuonwini tap nyinaa (bathtubs first, then sinks) ma simma 5. Sɛ woyi mframa a wɔde yɛ adwuma no fi hɔ a, ɛmma nkannare a ayɛ mmerɛw ne anhwea ntumi nkɔhyɛ faucet no akyi denneennen na enkum wo nsu nhyɛso.
7. Sɛ Back-Siphonage Sii a (Blue Toilet Water, Chemical Odor, or Boiler Siphon): Hohoro Nsu a Ɛyɛ Hɔ Tank no Koraa:
8. Fa turo mu hose bi hyɛ kɔbere afiri a wɔde yi nsuo a ɛwɔ wo nsuo a ɛyɛ hyeɛ afiri no ase (with the electric breaker still OFF), bue nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no, na hohoro tank no mu kosi sɛ ɛho bɛtew koraa na ɛnyɛ huam ansa na woasan ahyɛ mu ma.
9. Purge Wo Hot-Water Heater Air Pocket ANSA NA Wobɛdan 240V Breaker no Akyi ON:
10. Bue nsu a ɛyɛ hyew fã a ɛwɔ wo soro faucet a ɛkorɔn sen biara no mu na ma ɛnteɛteɛm na teɛteɛ mframa kosi sɛ nsu a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ den bɛtu mmirika simma 2 a edi mũ. Afei nkutoo na nantew sian kɔ anyinam ahoɔden panel no so na dane Nsuo Ɔhyew circuit breaker no san akyi ON na ɛyɛ.

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Mpɔtam hɔ ntɛmpɛ nɔma ne adwumakuw no nhyehyɛe ahorow¶

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Nsɛm a wɔtaa bisa¶

Sɛ me dan mu nsuo mita no wɔ "Check Valve" a wɔde ahyɛ mu a, adɛn nti na ɛho da so ara hia sɛ meto me Main Indoor Water Shutoff Valve no mu wɔ abɔnten so ahomegyeɛ kɛseɛ mu?¶

Bere a utilities pii de kɔbere **Dual Check Valve (`ASSE 1024`)** wɔ nnɛyi dijitaal nsu mita ahorow no adetɔfo afã no, afie ɔpepem pii a wosisii ansa na afe 2005 reba no wɔ mita dedaw a ɛma nneɛma kɔ baabi foforo a **zero internal check valve** (a ɛma nsu tumi twa mita no kɔ akyi kɔ abɔnten so kɛse no mu). Wɔ afie a ɛwɔ mita a wɔde hwɛ nneɛma so mpo mu no, mineral grit ne dade nsenia taa kura plastic poppet a spring ahyɛ mu ma no mu ma bue kakra bere kɔ so no. Bio nso, sɛ mpo wo mita check valve no kura 100% a, mpofirim a ɛkɔ fam kɔ `0 psi` wɔ mita no so ma nsuo a ɛfiri wo **2nd-floor pipes ne attic/upstairs toilet tanks mu no siphon kɔ fam kɔ wo 1st-floor kitchen drinking tap** mu wɔ w’ankasa wo fie mu gye sɛ woto main shutoff valve no mu na wokwati sɛ wobɛbue low-level taps.

Ɔkwan bɛn so na odumgyafo anaa nsu ho adwumayɛfo to Wet-Barrel Fire Hydrant a wɔatwitwa no mu ankasa bere a geyser a ne tenten yɛ mita 10 (anammɔn 33) repae afi kwan no nkyɛn no?¶

WƆMMƆ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛto hydrant tokuru a ɛrepae no ankasa mu. Sɛnea kurow no mu mfiridwuma ho mmara (**AWWA C502/C503 ne NFPA 24**) kyerɛ no, ogya nsukorabea baa dwumadibea paipu biara (`the "hydrant lateral"`) wɔ n’ankasa asase ase a wɔahyira so **Auxiliary Isolation Gate Valve (`called a "Watch Valve" or "Street Valve"`)** a wɔasie no wɔ **dade a wɔde ayɛ valve-adaka kurukuruwa ketewaa bi a ne kɛse yɛ **sentimita 15 (nsateakwaa 6) ase** wɔ abɔnten so asphalt anaa sare a wɔabɔ no bɛyɛ **mita 1 kosi 3 (anammɔn 3 kosi 10) wɔ nsu a ɛkɔ nsu mu no anim**. Nsuo dwumadibea adwumayɛfo (anaasɛ odumgyafo) popa saa dade kurukuruwa ketewaa a ɛwɔ abɔnten so no, de dade T-handle Street Valve Key** a ne tenten yɛ mita 1.8 (anammɔn 6) sian kɔ shaft no so kɔ nut a ɛyɛ ahinanan a wɔde yɛ adwuma no so, na wɔdannan no **dannan 15 kosi 20 wɔ dɔn no kwan so** de to hydrant baa dwumadibea no mu a wonnum nsu a ɛkɔ mpɔtam hɔfo a aka no.

Me fie wɔ "Closed-Loop" plumbing system a Thermal Expansion Tank wɔ nsuo a ɛyɛ hyew no atifi - so sɛ meto me main shutoff valve no mu a, ɛbɛma me nsuo a ɛyɛ hyew no ayɛ nhyɛsoɔ dodo sɛ megyae ɔhyew no a?¶

Sɛ wo fie wɔ **Potable Thermal Expansion Tank** a ne kɛse fata, a wɔadi kan ahyɛ mu ma dedaw a wɔde ahyɛ nsuonwini paipu a ɛwɔ wo nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛyɛ hyew no atifi no so a, saa ntrɛwmu tank no twetwe nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛtrɛw 2% no dwoodwoo bere a wɔato wo shutoff valve titiriw no mu (na nsu a ɛyɛ hyew biara nso wɔ **Temperature and Pressure Relief [`T&P`] valve** a wɔde asi hɔ wɔ `1,034 kPa / 150 psi`). Nanso, sɛ wo fie *nni* thermal expansion tank (anaasɛ sɛ ne mu rɔba akisikuru no mu nsu ayɛ ma) a, sɛ woto wo dan mu shutoff valve titiriw no mu bere a wogyaw gas anaa anyinam ahoɔden nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛretu wɔ ɔhyew a edi mũ mu no bɛma emu paipu nhyɛso aforo atwam `150 psi` kosi sɛ **T&P valve no bɛsu nsuo a ɛyɛ hyew akɔ wo dan ase fam**. Ɛno ne ade a ɛto so abien nti a wobɛdannan wo anyinam ahoɔden nsu a ɛyɛ hyew a ɛbubu no `OFF` (anaasɛ wo gas nsu a ɛyɛ hyew knob to `PILOT`) bere a wɔato wo nsu valve titiriw no mu no ne adeyɛ a ahobammɔ wom sen biara.

Na sɛ mete sɛ wɔrebɔ anaasɛ wɔrebɔ denneennen ("Nsuo Hama") wɔ m'afasuo mu berɛ a kuro no san dane abɔnten so nsuo kwan no nso ɛ?¶

Saa basabasayɛ a ɛbɔ no fi **mframa a wɔahyɛ no kotoku a akyea** a ɛrebɔ fa wo nsu afiri mu a nsu a ɛbɔ ntɛmntɛm a ɛyɛ slugs afra mu no. Bere biara a mframa kotoku bi befi faucet mu na nsu fasu a ɛyɛ den abɔ kɔbere faucet valve no mu a ɛyɛ mita 3 (anammɔn 10) wɔ sekan biara mu no, ɛma hydraulic shockwave a ɛboro **`1,400 kPa (200 psi)`** a ebetumi abubu mfiri a wɔde horo nneɛma rɔba hose anaa plastic tiafi a wɔde hyɛ mu ma. Ntɛm ara **throttle wo Main Indoor Water Shutoff Valve san kɔ fam kɔ 25% bue** (`acting as a flow restrictor`), bue wo **abɔnten turo hose spigots ne bathtub awɔw faucets** fã kwan no fã na mogya kotoku ahorow no fi mu yiye wɔ ahoɔhare a ɛba fam, na bue main valve 100% nkutoo bere a sputtering nyinaa agyae.

Sɛ ofirikafo bi a wabow nsa anaasɛ n’adwene atu afra bɔ ogya afiri a ɛwɔ me fie anim no na geyser no yiri ma me dan ase anaasɛ ɛhohoro me kar kwan no so a, hena na otua ka?¶

Nea ɛnte sɛ asase ase nsu titiriw a ɛba ara kwa (baabi a nkurow akɛse a ɛwɔ U.S. aman pii mu ka sɛ tumidi ahobammɔ gye sɛ woada no adi sɛ woadi kan ayɛ anibiannaso), **ogya nsu a wɔatwitwa a efi kar akwanhyia mu ba no yɛ nea ofirikafo a odi mfomso no Property Damage Liability Auto Insurance** (ne w’ankasa Homeowners Insurance anaa Auto Comprehensive) tua ho ka 100% coverage sɛ kar bi bɔ w’agyapade a). Ansa na polisifo lɔre a wɔtwe no bɛprapra baabi a asɛm no sii no, nantew fa kwan no nkyɛn (tra hɔ dwoodwoo fi nsu no ne nhama biara a ahwe ase) na bisa polisini a ɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no **Police Crash Report Number, ofirikafo no din, ne tumi krataa, ne auto insurance carrier/policy number**, na fa video a wɔde bere ahyɛ mu a ɛkyerɛ hydrant geyser a ɛsen kɔ wo kar kwan anaa wo dan ase mfɛnsere abura mu tẽẽ.

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Akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa ho¶

• Kurow no nyinaa mu nsu titiriw ahomegye ne boil-nsu ho afotu
• Nnom vs. boil-water advisory: nnuru anaa pɛtro a wɔde gu tap nsu mu
• Nsu titiriw a wɔde to mu no akɔ so ayɛ adwuma, apon-valve no dua a ayɛ mmerɛw, ne curb-stop safe
• Nsuo a wɔde yɛ hyeɛ ho asiane a ɛbɛpae ne TPR valve a ɛdi huammɔ
• Tumi nhama a ahwe ase ne kar mu anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ
• Nnɔmba a egye ntɛmpɛ ne amanaman ntam nneɛma a wɔde mena

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Fibea ne aban akwankyerɛ¶

• United States Atwa Yɛn Ho Ahyia Ho Banbɔ Dwumadibea (EPA), Asase ase Nsu ne Nsu a Wɔnom Dwumadibea: Cross-Connection Control Manual (Back-Siphonage Physics Under Sub-Atmospheric Street Main Depressurization, Boiler/Irrigation/Hose-Bib Chemical Intrusion Case Studies, ne 20 PSI Minimum Distribution Pressure Mmara).
• Amerika Nsuo Adwumayɛkuo (AWWA): Nwoma M14: Nsuo a ɛsan kɔ akyi a wɔsiw ano ne cross-Connection Control, Standard C502 (Dry-Barrel Fire Hydrants), Standard C503 (Wet-Barrel Fire Hydrants), ne Standard C651 (Standard C651 (Nsuo a Ɛma Nsuo Nsuo a Ɛma Nsuo Nsuo a Ɛma Nsuo Nsuo a Ɛma Nsuo a Ɛma Nsuo Nsuo a Ɛma Nnuru Nsɛe Nnuru).
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, United States): Nsuo a Wɔnom ho Afotuo: Ofie Nsuo a Wɔde Hohoro, Nsuo a Ɛyɛ Hɔ a Wɔde Hohoro, ne Nsukyenee-Maker Filter a Wɔbɛsesa Wɔ Boil-Water Afotuo akyi.
• Amanaman Ntam Mmara Bagua (ICC) & Canada Gyinapɛn Fekuw (CSA): Amanaman Ntam Nsuo Ho Mmara (IPC) Ɔfa 608 (Nsuo a Wɔnom ho Banbɔ) & Ɔfa 504.2 (Vacuum Relief Valves ANSI Z21.22 / CSA 4.4 Ɛhia ma Nsuo a Ɛyɛ Ɔhyeɛ a Wɔde Siphoning Di Dwuma).
• Nsuo a Wɔnom Nhwehwɛmu (DWI, United Kingdom) & Europa Boayikuo a ɛhwɛ gyinapɛn so (CEN): Nsuo a Wɔde Ma (Nsuo a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma) Mmara 1999 (Nsuo a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma 1-5) ne EN 1717 (Ahobanbɔ a Wɔde Bɔ Nsuo a Wɔnom ho Efĩ a Ɛnam Backflow so).