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I-Sheared-Off Fire Hydrant Geyser noma I-City Water Main Depressurization: Ukumisa Ukungcoliswa Kwasemuva-Siphonage Endlini Yakho

Emergency numbers differ by country. This page uses 911, the number for the United States and Canada. Many other countries use 112, 999, or another number. Find the number for your country.

Uma ubheka ngaphandle kwefasitela lakho langaphambili ukuze ubone igiza lamanzi amamitha angu-10 ubude (33-foot) elinomfutho ophezulu wegazi liduma esibhakabhakeni ngemva kokuba imoto isike ekhoneni lomgwaqo umshini wokucisha umlilo omanzi, noma uvule umpompi wasekhishini lakho ngesikhathi kusha indlu yasendaweni noma omkhulu ikhefu lamanzi edolobha ukuze uzwe" umsindo" ukhala, ukhiphe umsindonegative vacuum pressure)** ngaphambi kokukhafula ukugqwala okunsundu, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo esitholakala ngokushesha samanzi, ugesi, nezempilo yomphakathi. Abanikazi bezindlu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lapho isisetshenziswa sokucima umlilo sigundwa noma kuqhuma umshini omkhulu wokusabalalisa emgwaqweni ongu-400-millimeter (16-intshi), okuwukuphela kwesiphazamiso ukulahleka kwesikhashana kwamanzi ompompi. Eqinisweni, ukuchitheka okukhulu okungazelelwe endaweni ephakeme yomgwaqo kwehlisa umfutho we-hydraulic ngaphakathi kwepayipi elikhulu lamanzi likamasipala ukusuka kwejwayelekile 275 to 550 kilopascals (40 to 80 psi) ngezansi 0 psi (creating a powerful sub-atmospheric siphon vacuum ngaphakathi kwepayipi lomgwaqo), ikakhulukazi ezindlini ezihlezi endaweni ephakeme kancane eduze kwebhlokhi.

Ngaphandle uma wenza okuthile phakathi kwemizuzu engu-2 kuya kwemi-3* yokuqala yokuhlukanisa amapayipi endlu yakho, leyo vacuum eyinhloko yomgwaqo imunca amanzi ngemuva aphume endlini yakho namapayipi omakhelwane (Back-Siphonage): ukudonsa i-ethylene glycol enobuthi noma i-chromate corrosion inhibitors kuma-boilers okushisa e-hydronic, amaphilisi amakhemikhali e-quaternary-ammonium/chlorine aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emathangini asendlini yangasese, I-Ortho/Roundup lawn-killer kanye nomanyolo ophuma embotsheni ye-hose-hose dial sprayers ngokusebenzisa i-microscopic yokudayela emanzini i-crack in the puddle amanzi umgwaqo omkhulu ocindezelekile** uqonde ngqo kumapayipi amanzi okuphuza e-copper/PEX kanye nasethangini le-heater yamanzi ashisayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-vacuum enegethivu ingakwazi ukumunca idomu engaphezulu ye-heater yakho yamanzi ashisayo yethusi noma yensimbi ngaphakathi njengethini lesoda elichotshoziwe (vacuum implosion) noma khipha isici sokushisisa esiphezulu some ukuze ikhoyili kagesi engu- 4,500-watt ishe ("dry-firing") phakathi kwemizuzwana engu-60. Ngokuvala ngokushesha i-Main Indoor Water Shutoff Valve yendlu yakho, uvale isiphazamisi sesekhethi (noma isilawuli segesi esisethwe ukuze Pilot) kusifudumezi sakho samanzi ashisayo, bese uvula umpompi owodwa othi owusinki ophezulu esitezi esiphezulu ukuze uphule ivacuum yangaphakathi, uvikela amapayipi akho, izinto zikagesi, namanzi okuphuza ekungcoleni okuyinhlekelele.

(Okwemiyalo yedolobha lonke ebilisa amanzi abilayo kanye namakhemikhali, bheka Ikhefu elikhulu lamanzi edolobheni lonke kanye nokwelulekwa ngamanzi abilayo futhi Ukungaphuzi uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelulekwa kwamanzi abilayo: ukungcoliswa kwamakhemikhali noma uphethiloli emanzini ompompi. Uma i-valve yakho enkulu yokuvala igqwalile ibambekile, bheka Ivalve enkulu yokuvala amanzi ibhajwe, isiqu se-valve yesango eligqwalile, kanye nokhiye wokumisa onqenqemeni kanye nomhlaba wethu izinombolo eziphuthumayo inkomba.)

Yenza lokhu manje

  1. Uma imoto isanda kugunda umshini wokucima umlilo emgwaqweni wakho (Erupting Street Geyser): Hlala okungenani amamitha angu-15 (amafidi angu-50) ubuyele emuva, UNGALOKOTHI ushayele noma ungene emanzini, bese ushayela ku-911 KANYE ne-24/7 Water Utility Emergency Line yedolobha lakho (311) ngokushesha.
  2. Kungani Kumelwe Ungasondeli KuGeyser Hydrant: I-hydrant egundiwe yomgqomo omanzi (or a broken dry-barrel hydrant stem) ikhipha amalitha angu-4,000 kuya kwangu-9,500 (amalitha angu-1,000 kuya kwangu-2,500) amanzi ngomzuzu 400 to 700 kPa (60 to 100 psi). Leyo jethi iqhumisa izingcezu zensimbi ephukile, i-cobblestone, netiyela kumawindi omoya emoto, futhi phakathi 3 nemizuzu emi-5 amanzi ahlokomayo alulaza inhlabathi engaphansi komgwaqo ogandayiwe, eqopha umgodi ongabonakali** womgwaqo ongaphansi ongase ugwinye imoto noma uphelele wabahamba ngezinyawo.
  3. Uma imoto ephahlazekile ibanjiswe esigxotsheni sensiza esiwile KANYE ne-hydrant geyser: Phatha wonke amachibi amanzi ezikhukhula ageleza phansi ngomsele womgwaqo enikwe amandla angu-7,200 volts (see Izintambo zikagesi ezehlisiwe kanye nogesi wemoto).
  4. Hamba uye egumbini lakho elingaphansi, ikhabethe lezinto ezisetshenziswayo, i-crawlspace, noma igaraji MANJE bese uvala iValve Yasekhaya Eyinhloko Yokuvala Amanzi Angaphakathi (Ball Valve noma Gate Valve).
  5. Ukuvala i-valve yakho enkulu yokuvala yasendlini (located right where the main water pipe enters your foundation wall or slab, next to the water meter) ** ivala ngokoqobo lonke uhlelo lwendlu yakho lwamapayipi lusuka endaweni ehamba amanzi yomgwaqo **.
  6. Lesi senzo esisodwa senza izinto ezimbili ezibucayi ngesikhathi esisodwa: (a) sivalela amalitha angu-150 kuya kwangu-300 (amalitha angama-40 kuya kwangu-80) amanzi ahlanzekile, acindezelwe aphuzwayo ngaphakathi kwesifudumezi sakho samanzi namapayipi asendlini, futhi *(b) sivimbela isivacu esinegethivu ku-main yomgwaqo ocindezelwe ekumunceni amakhemikhali ethoyilethi-thangi, amapayipi amanzi anodaka abuyela emuva.
  7. Phenya isiphazamiso sikagesi esingu-240V ukuze uthole I-Electric Hot-Water Heater yakho OFF (noma vula inkinobho yakho yokulawula Isifudumezi Samanzi Segesi ukuze PILOT) phakathi nemizuzu emi-2.
  8. Uma umfutho wasemgwaqweni wehla ngaphansi kweziro ngaphambi kokuvala i-valve yakho enkulu, amanzi ahlehlela emuva aphume eshubhuni lokucwilisa amanzi abandayo phezulu ethangini lakho le-heater yamanzi ashisayo, ehlise izinga lamanzi ngaphakathi kwethangi ngamasentimitha angu-20 kuya kwangu-30 (amayintshi angu-8 kuya kwangu-12).
  9. Ku-Isifudumezi Samanzi Kagesi, i- Upper 4,500-Watt Heating Element igxunyekwe eduze nangaphezulu kwethangi: ngokushesha leyo elementi ichayeka emoyeni esikhundleni samanzi, izishise yona ("Dry-Firing") kumasekhondi angu-30 kuya kwangu-60, incibilikisa i-elementi ye-elementi futhi idinga ukushintshwa kweplumber. Ukuvala i-breaker (labeled "Water Heater") ivimbela ukudubula okomile ngokushesha.
  10. Vula umpompi OWODWA wamanzi abandayo osezingeni eliphezulu esitezi esiphezulu sendlu yakho (bese uqaqa noma imaphi amapayipi angadini angaphandle kuma-spigots asegcekeni) ukuze uphule noma isiphi isivacu se-siphon sangaphakathi esisele.
  11. Uma uzwa umpompi ukhala ikhwelo noma umunca umoya ngaphambi kokuba ufike iveluvu yakho yokuvala eyinhloko, ukuvula umpompi owodwa wokugezela osezingeni eliphezulu kuvumela umoya ohlanzekile wegumbi ukuthi ungene phezulu kwepayipi lakho lesikhuphukeli sendlu (acting as a manual vacuum breaker), ukuvimbela ithangi lakho lamanzi ashisayo ethusi ukuthi liwele ngaphakathi ngaphansi kwengcindezi embi.
  12. Hamba uphumele ngaphandle bese ukhulula ngokushesha noma iyiphi ipayipi lengadi uhlezi ebhakedeni, echibini lezingane, echibini, noma unamathiselwe isibulala-zinambuzane/isibulala-khula ibhodlela lokudayela (even if the spigot has a brass vacuum breaker, old rubber diaphragms stick open and allow weed killer to be sucked straight into your kitchen water line during a street pressure drop).
  13. UNGAphuzi, ukuxubha amazinyo, ukwenza ubisi lwezingane, noma usebenzise iqhwa elisesiqandisini sakho uma kukhona umpompi ochithe umoya noma amanzi ansundu ngaphambi kokuvala ivalve eyinhloko.
  14. Noma nini lapho ingcindezi yomgwaqo kamasipala yehla ngezansi 140 kilopascals (20 psi) (the federal EPA and state regulatory minimum threshold), isisetshenziswa samanzi sidingeka ngokomthetho ukuze sikhiphe Iseluleko Sokuqapha Ngamanzi Amanzi (Precautionary Boil-Water Advisory) (or Do-Not-Drink Notice) endaweni yokucindezela ethintekile kuze kubuyiselwe umfutho omuhle, okuyinhloko kuba yi-hyper-chlorinated, kanye nezinsuku ezimbili ezilandelanayo (24 to 48 hours) ye-negative E. coli / amasampula ebhaktheriya e-coliform esewonke asula umugqa.

Kungani iHydrant ethi 'Wet-Barrel' Iqhuma Igeyser Uma Ishayiswa Yimoto - Ngenkathi IHydrant 'Yomiphongolo Omile' Ivamise Ukungenzi

Uma uhlala endaweni efudumele, engenasithwathwa elisogwini noma eseningizimu (California, Hawaii, Texas coastal, izingxenye zase-Florida, Arizona, noma Australia coastal), izinto zokucisha umlilo emgwaqweni wakho I-Wet-Barrel Hydrants (AWWA C503): umphongolo wensimbi ngenhla komgwaqo u-100% ugcwaliswe ngamanzi kamasipala acindezelwe 24/7 kuze kufike kumakepisi ethusi. Lapho ubhampa wemoto ugunda umbhobho omanzi ucisha umbhobho omanzi ku-flange, ikholomu egcwele engamamilimitha angu-150 (6-intshi) yamanzi asemgwaqweni omkhulu iqhuma ibheke phezulu kuze kube yilapho izisebenzi zomnyango wezamanzi zikhinyabeza mathupha isivalo esingaphansi i-valve yesango lomgwaqo elisizayo ("watch valve") usebenzisa i-T-wrench eside. - Ngokuphambene, ezindaweni ezibandayo (nyakatho ye-US, Canada, UK, nasenyakatho yeYurophu), amadolobha asebenzisa I-Dry-Barrel Hydrants (AWWA C502) lapho ivalvu yamanzi eyinhloko ihlezi 1.5 kuya ku-2.5 amamitha (5 kuya ku-8 amafidi) ngaphansi ngaphansi komugqa wesithwathwa, futhi umgqomo wensimbi ngaphezu komgwaqo awunalutho nhlobo (dry) ngaphandle kokuthi ivulwe yisikrufu sephentagoni lesicishamlilo. Noma kunjalo, uma isiteleka samaloli esinzima sigoba kunokuba sinqamule ngokuhlanzekile i-traffic flange ehlangana esiqwini somphongolo owomile, ingadonsa i-valve engaphansi komhlaba ivuleke futhi idedele i-washout engaphansi komhlaba edilika umgwaqo.

Isihlahla sesinqumo: Ukuphendula kugeza lomshini wokucima umlilo ochetshiwe noma ukucindezeleka kwamanzi edolobha okungazelelwe

flowchart TD
    Start["I-Sheared-Off Fire Hydrant Geyser ku-Street NOMA Ompompi Ukufafaza/Ukushaya Ikhwelo Nokucindezela Kwamanzi Okuthi Zero"] --> StreetCheck{"Ingabe KuneGeyser Enomfutho Ophakeme Osebenzayo noma Isikhukhula Emgwaqweni Wakho Njengamanje?"}

    StreetCheck -->|"YEBO: I-Active Hydrant noma i-Main Break Geyser"| SceneSafety["Isinyathelo 1: Hlala Emuva Kumamitha angu-15+ (50 ft); Buka iDowned Power Lines & Asphalt Sinkholes; Shayela u-911 kanye ne-Water Utility (311)"]

    StreetCheck -->|"CHA: Ompompi Balahlekelwa Ingcindezi Kungazelelwe noma Ukumunca Umoya"| IsolateHome["Isinyathelo sesi-2: Vala IVAVAVA YAMANZI EYINHLOKO YEkhaya Lakho Ngokushesha Ukuze Uvimbe Emuva-Siphonage"]
    SceneSafety --> IsolateHome

    IsolateHome --> ProtectHeater["Isinyathelo sesi-3: Vala I-Heater Yamanzi Kagesi engu-240V Breaker (noma Setha Isifudumezi Segesi sibe I-PILOT) Ukuze Uvimbele Ukudubula Okukomile Nokugoqa Kwamathangi"]

    ProtectHeater --> BreakVac["Isinyathelo sesi-4: Vula iFaucet EYODWA Yesitezi Phezulu ukuze uphule Noma Iyiphi Ivacuum Yepayipi Yangaphakathi + Khipha Isikulufu Sasensimini Yangaphandle"]

    BreakVac --> SiphonCheck{"Ingabe Ompompi Bakho Bamunca Umoya Noma Bakhafula Amanzi Ashintshe Umbala NGAPHAMBI Kokuvala Ivalvu Eyinhloko?"}

    SiphonCheck -->|"CHA: Valve Eyinhloko Evaliwe Ngaphambi Kwanoma Iyiphi I-Siphon Ehlehlayo"| SafeReserve["Amapayipi Akho Asendlini Nesifudumezi Samanzi kuhlala Kuhlanzekile; Linda Idolobha Lize Lisule Iseluleko Samanzi Abilayo Ngaphambi Kokuphinda Uvule Ivavu Eyinhloko"]

    SiphonCheck -->|"YEBO: I-Vacuum Ehlehla Yenzekile"| PurgeProtocol["Isinyathelo sesi-5: Cabanga Nge-Back-Siphonage Yenzekile -> UNGAPHUZI Amanzi Ompompi; Geza Ama-Spigots Angaphandle Okokuqala, Bese Ompompi Ababandayo, bese Ukhipha Isifudumezi Samanzi Ngemva Kokubuya Kwengcindezi"]

Isigaba 1: I-physics ye "Back-Siphonage" (Why a street water break sucks poison into your drinking pipes)

Ngaphansi kokusebenza okuvamile kwansuku zonke, isisetshenziswa sakho samanzi sikamasipala sigcina umfutho wegeyiji omuhle ongu 275 to 550 kPa (40 to 80 psi) kuyo yonke imigwaqo engaphansi komhlaba. Leyo ngcindezi yangaphandle iqinisekisa ukuthi uma kukhona ukuqhekeka okuncane epayipini lomgwaqo elingaphansi komhlaba noma uma ushiya ipayipi lengadi licwiliswe ebhakedeni elinensipho, amanzi ahlanzekile aphushela ngaphandle kuphela.

Uma ipayipi lokucima umlilo ligundwa ezansi kwegquma lakho, noma lapho izinjini zokuphampa izicishamlilo ezintathu zixhumene namapayipi amanzi aseduze futhi zidwebe amalitha angu-15,000 (amalitha angu-4,000) ngomzuzu ukuze kuliwe nomlilo othengiswayo, Isimiso sikaBernoulli namandla adonsela phansi amanzi adonsa amanzi ngokushesha ehle abheke lapho kunqamuka khona. Ngaphakathi kwamapayipi anikeza izindlu ezikhuphukayo lapho kugqabhuka khona, umfutho wegeji wehla ngezansi 0 kPa / 0 psi endaweni engenalutho (-30 to -85 kPa / -5 to -12 psi).

I-5 Household & Neighbourhood Cross-Connections Emuncwa Emapayipini Okuphuza Ngesikhathi Somcimbi Wevacuum

Umthombo Wokuxhumanisa Kwenzekani Lapho I-Street Main Pressure Yehla Ngezansi 0 psi (Vacuum) Ubuthi Bekhemikhali noma Bemvelo Budonswe Emapayipini Okuphuza Ekhaya Lakho Ungakuvimba Kanjani Ngokushesha
1. Ibhodi le-Hydronic Baseboard / I-Radiator Heating Boilers (With Failed Backflow Preventer) Amabhoyela amaningi erediyetha amanzi ashisayo afakwa unomphela kulayini wamanzi abandayo wasekhaya nge-othomathikhi i-valve yokwakheka kwamanzi yokunciphisa umfutho wamanzi kanye nethusi isheke elikabili / isivimbeli sokubuyela emuva se-RPZ (such as a Watts 9D). Eminyakeni engu-5-10, isikali sokugqwala silimaza i-valve yokuhlola. Lapho umfutho wamanzi asendlini wehla ufika ku-vacuum engemihle, amanzi amile we-loop kabhayela amuncwa emuva emugqeni wakho wokuphuza wasekhishini. I-Toxic Propylene/Ethylene Glycol Antifreeze, I-Sodium Nitrite / Molybdate / Chromate Corrosion Inhibitors, izinsimbi ezisindayo ezincibilikisiwe (lead solder, copper), kanye nodaka lwensimbi olumnyama lwe-anaerobic. Vala ivalvu yebhola yokuzihlukanisa mathupha kulayini wokuphakela kwamanzi abandayo kubhayela FUTHI uvale Ivaluvu Eyinhloko Yokuvala Amanzi yekhaya lakho ngokushesha.
2. Amathangi Ezindlu zangasese “Anamathebulethi Ahlanza Amanzi Aluhlaza Aluhlaza” (And Submerged Fill-Tube Ballcocks) Amavalvu okugcwalisa amathoyilethi amadala noma angalungiswanga kahle (ballcocks) ukuntula ukusebenza ** igebe lomoya elisezingeni elibucayi le-anti-siphon ** (or with the flexible refill tube pushed down below the water line inside the overflow pipe) isebenze njengotshani obuqondile ethangini lendlu yangasese lapho umfutho wepayipi lokuhambisa uphenduka ungemuhle. I-Hypochlorite Bleach Egxilisiwe, I-Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, i-Borates, kanye Nezidayi Ze-Blue Aniline (turns tap water throughout the house bright blue or foamy). Ungalokothi usebenzise amaphilisi amakhemikhali afaka phakathi kwethangi lendlu yangasese; vala i-chrome i-engeli-stop shutoff valve ngemuva kwendlu yangasese ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka komgwaqo.
3. Amapayipi Engadi Angaphandle Anamathiselwe Ku-Weed-Killer / Fertilizer Sprayers noma Acwiliswe Emachibini/Amabhakede Uma ipayipi lasengadini lishiywe lilele echibini lokubhukuda, kubhavu oshisayo, echibini le-Koi, kusinki wempahla yokuwasha, noma linamathiselwe isifutho sokudayela sokuphela kwehose esingu-2,4-D / Dicamba / Glyphosate herbicide noma isibulala-zinambuzane saseMalathion ne-spigot ishiywe, ingcindezi engemihle idonsa ibhodlela lakho lekhemikhali liqonde ngqo. I-Organophosphate/Carbamate Insecticides, Broadleaf Herbicides (2,4-D), i-Pool Chlorine/Algicides, noma i-Pseudomonas amanzi obhavu oshisayo (historical cause of real-world neighborhood chlordane and pesticide water poisonings documented by the EPA). Khipha wonke amapayipi angadi kuma-hose bib angaphandle ngokushesha, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi yonke ipayipi lethumbu langaphandle linentambo evuliwe ASSE 1011 Brass Hose-Bib Vacuum Breaker.
4. Izinhlelo zokunisela ngotshani obungaphansi komhlaba (Sprinkler Valve Boxes) Amakhanda okufafaza utshani ahlala egcwele utshani obunodaka obungcoliswe indle yezinja, umanyolo wotshani, isibulala-zinambuzane, nesibulala-khula. Uma uhlelo lokunisela lwe-Pressure Vacuum Breaker (PVB) noma Indawo Yokucindezela Eyehlisiwe (RPZ) i-assembly iqhekekile ngenxa yokugodola kwasebusika, ama-siphon amanzi egcekeni amile abuyela emuva angene etiyeni eliyinhloko lamanzi lasekhaya. E. coli, Salmonella, Giardia, Nitrates, kanye Nezibulala-zinambuzane zotshani. Vula amavalvu ebhola amabili ashintshwayo ngaphandle kwakho Irrigation Backflow Preventer (PVB / RPZ) kube OFF.
5. Inhlabathi engaphansi komhlaba kanye nemisele yendle evuzayo ezungeze umgwaqo omkhulu (Intrusion) Amapayipi amanzi kamasipala ahamba ngaphansi kwemigwaqo eduze kwamapayipi endle. Lapho ipayipi elihambisa amanzi lilahlekelwa umfutho omuhle (dropping below 20 psi / 140 kPa), amanzi angaphansi angcolile kanye nokukhala kwendle okungavuthiwe emigqeni yendle yobumba eseduze kudonswa ngaphakathi ngamapayipi ahlanganisa amapayipi egesi angena endaweni ehambisa amanzi yedolobha. ** Amagciwane E-Enteric (Norovirus, Hepatitis A), E. coli, Cryptosporidium, kanye namakhemikhali e-petrochemicals.** Landela Iseluleko Sokuqapha Ngamanzi Abilayo (1-minute rolling boil) ngemuva kokubuya kwengcindezi kuze kube idolobha liphakamisa isaziso.

Isigaba 2: Kungani umfutho wamanzi ongemuhle ucindezela (implodes) izifudumezi zamanzi ashisayo futhi zishise izinto zokufudumeza

Ngisho noma amakhemikhali ayiziro engena emapayipini akho, ukucindezeleka komgwaqo omkhulu kungazelelwe kungacekela phansi \(1,500 kuya ku-\)3,000 isifudumezi samanzi ashisayo sendawo yokuhlala ngaphansi kwamaminithi angu-3 ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zokuhluleka kwemishini:

1. I-Vacuum Implosion yethangi lesifudumezi samanzi ashisayo ("The Crushed Soda-Can Effect")

  • Okwenzeka Kanjani: Isifudumezi-manzi sethangi lendawo yokuhlala (150 to 300 liters / 40 to 80 gallons) yakhelwe ukumelana nomfutho ophakeme wangaphandle (tested to 2,068 kPa / 300 psi), kodwa insimbi yayo encane eyisilinda noma izindonga zethusi zinokumelana okuncane kakhulu nokuchotshozwa komoya wangaphandle lapho ivacuum yangaphakathi (-50 to -90 kPa / -7 to -13 psi) ekhipha amanzi eshubhu lokucwilisa lamanzi abandayo.
  • Uma indlu yakho ingenayo i-Vacuum Relief Valve esebenzayo (ANSI Z21.22 / CSA 4.4, njenge-Watts N36)** efakwe epayipini lokungena lamanzi abandayo ngaphezu kwesifudumezi samanzi, futhi awuvali ivalve yakho yokuvala eyinhloko noma uvule umpompi wangaphezulu ukuze ungenise umoya, umfutho womoya (atmospheric)101.3 kPa / 14.7 psi ukusunduza kuwo wonke iyintshi yesikwele yengaphandle lethangi) kungabhinca futhi kubhidlize ithange lensimbi eliyisilinda ngaphakathi, kuqhekeze umugqa wobumba owenziwe ngengilazi wangaphakathi ukuze ithangi liqhume lapho umfutho wamanzi wedolobha ubuya ngamandla.

2. "I-Dry-Firing" Ukushiswa kwe-Upper 4,500-Watt Electric Heating Element

  • Ngaphakathi kwe-standard 240-volt yesifudumezi samanzi sethangi likagesi, kunezinto ezimbili zokushisisa zethusi/Incoloy: into ephansi eduze naphansi kanye ne-elementi ebaluleke kakhulu ephezulu efakwe amasentimitha angu-25 (amayintshi angu-10) ukusuka phezulu kwethangi*.
  • Ngoba ishubhu lokungena lamanzi abandayo (dip tube) inembobo encane ye-anti-siphon ebhodwe eduze naphezulu ethangini, i-vacuum yomgwaqo idonsa phezulu 20% kuya ku-30% wamanzi ngaphandle kwethangi, okushiya isici sokushisa esingaphezulu simisiwe ephaketheni lomoya.
  • Ngaleso sikhathi, i-thermostat izwa ukuthi ingaphezulu lethangi liyaphola futhi lishintsha 240 volts (18.75 amps / 4,500 watts) engxenyeni engenhla. Ngaphandle kwamanzi awuketshezi azungeze ikhoyili yensimbi ukususa ukushisa, isici sikhazimula ngokubomvu oku-cherry emoyeni futhi iyancibilika/iqhume ivuleke kumasekhondi angu-30 kuya kwangu-60 ("Dry-Firing").
  • Umthetho Ophelele Ngaphambi Kokuvula I-Heater Yakho Yamanzi Kagesi Ngemva Kokunqamuka Kwamanzi: UNGALOKOTHI uphenyele ikhefu lakho le-heater yamanzi kagesi ON kuze kube NGEMVA kokuthi uvule umpompi wamanzi ashisayo ekhishini lakho noma kusinki endlini yokugezela futhi wabuka ukugeleza kwamanzi okuqinile, okuqhubekayo, kungenamoya okungenani imizuzu emi-2 egcwele (okufakazela ukuthi ithangi ligcwaliswe kabusha ngo-100% phezulu kanye nawo wonke amaphakethe omoya avaleleke akhishiwe).

Isigaba sesi-3: Okufanele ukwenze uma idolobha livula ipayipi elihambisa amanzi (Avoiding "Water Hammer" & Purging Rust/Contaminants)

Lapho abasebenzi bamanzi kamasipala beqeda ukufaka ibhawudi emshinini wokucisha umlilo omusha noma ukubopha umzila omkhulu womgwaqo odabukile bese bekhala bevula ivalve yesango lomgwaqo, amaphakethe omoya acindezelwe nesikali sepayipi le-iron-oxide elinsundu (tuberculation) ziqhunyiswa phansi komgwaqo omkhulu ngesivinini esikhulu. Ukuvula ivalvu eyinhloko yekhaya lakho ngokunganaki ngesikhathi sokucindezelwa kuzovala yonke i-aerator kampompi, isihlungi sesiqandisi, nesikrini somshini wokuwasha somshini wokuwasha endlini yakho.

Izinyathelo Ezi-5 Eziphephile Zokucindezelwa Komkhaya Nokulandelana Kokushaywa

  1. Linda Amaminithi angu-15 kuya kwangu-20 Ngemva Kokubuya Kokucindezeleka Emgwaqweni Ngaphambi Kokuvula Ivalvu Yakho Eyinhloko: Vumela omakhelwane bakho kanye nezisebenzi zedolobha ezidonsa amanzi zikhiphe amanzi aphuma ekugqwaleni okunsundu kokuqala kanye namabhamuza omoya acinene emgwaqeni omkhulu kuqala.
  2. Sula Kusuka Ku-Spigot Yakho Ephansi Yangaphandle (Or Pre-Meter Laundry Tub) OKOKUQALA:
  3. Khipha i-Main Indoor Shutoff Valve yakho ivule ngo-25% kuphela (quarter-open)* ekuqaleni ukuze ungashayi amapayipi akho asendlini namavalvu okugcwalisa indlu yangasese nge-isikhwama somoya esando samanzi shockwave esibhubhisayo.
  4. Ngokushesha vula i- outdoor-hose bib (spigot) ngaphambili kwendlu noma umpompi obandayo wosinki wensiza ongaphansi (ongenawo ama-aerators anezikhala ezinhle) futhi uyivumele isebenze imizuzu emi-5 kuya kweyi-10 kuze kunqamuke umoya okhiphayo futhi amanzi ageleze ahlanzeke ngokuphelele futhi abande.Uma wonke umoya ususuliwe, vula iValuvu yakho Eyinhloko Yokuvala ngo-100%.
  5. Khipha I-Mesh Aerators Kompompi Bakho Bangaphakathi Ngaphambi Kokudonsa Ompompi Ababandayo:
  6. Khipha ama-aerator esikrini esincane esiyindilinga kumathiphu wekhishi lakho nompompi basendlini yokugezela (use your fingers or a cloth-wrapped wrench), bese uvule bonke ompompi bamanzi abandayo (bathtubs first, then sinks)imizuzu emi-5. Ukukhipha ama-aerator kuvimbela ukugqwala okuxekethile kanye nesihlabathi ekupakisheni siqine ngemva kwezikrini zompompi futhi kubulale umfutho wakho wamanzi.
  7. Uma Kwenzeke I-Back-Siphonage (Blue Toilet Water, Chemical Odor, or Boiler Siphon): Geza Ithangi Lamanzi Ashisayo Ngokuphelele:
  8. Namathisela ipayipi lengadi ku-valve yokudonsa amanzi ngezansi kwehitha yakho yamanzi ashisayo (with the electric breaker still OFF), vula i-drain, bese ushayela ithangi kuze kube yilapho licwebile futhi lingenaphunga ngaphambi kokuligcwalisa futhi.
  9. Hlanza Iphakethe Lakho Lomoya Lokushisisa Amanzi Ashisayo NGAPHAMBI Kokuphenyisisa I-240V Breaker Back ON:
  10. Vula uhlangothi lwamanzi ashisayo lompompi wakho ophakeme kakhulu ongaphezulu bese uwuyeka uhayize futhi ukhafule umoya kuze kube kugeleza okubushelelezi, okuqinile kwamanzi** imizuzu engu-2 egcwele**. Kuphela ngemva kwalokho wehla uye ephanelini kagesi bese ubuyisela i- Water Heater circuit breaker ON.

Faka iValve Yokusiza I-Brass Vacuum engu-$25 (Watts N36) bese Uhlola Isivikeli Sakho Sokugeleza Kwasemuva Kwebhoyili Namuhla

Buza osebenza ngamapayipi wakho ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho okulandelayo ukuze uhlole amavalvu amabili ashibhile enza ikhaya lakho livikeleke ngo-100% ekucindezelekeni kwamanzi asemgwaqweni: (1) Ivalve Yokuhlola Ekabili Yendlu Yonke Yentwasahlobo (ASSE 1024) ngemva nje kwemitha yakho yamanzi (evimbela ngokoqobo amanzi ukuthi angagelezi ahlehle aphume endlini yakho aye emgwaqeni omkhulu), kanye (2) Nevaluvu Yevacuum Yethusi (ANSI Z21.22) epayipini lamanzi abandayo ngenhla kwehitha yakho yamanzi ashisayo (elivuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo -1.5 kPa / 0.5 inches of mercury vacuum ukuvumela umoya ungene ukuze ithangi lakho lingalokothi ligxumeke noma lome).

Izinombolo zezimo eziphuthumayo zesifunda kanye nezinqubomgomo ze-ejensi

Izwe / Isifunda I-Sheared Hydrant / Water Main Geyser Dispatch Ingcindezi Eyinhloko Yamanzi Esemthethweni kanye Namazinga Okugeleza Okubuyela emuva Ubani Okhokhela Ukulimala Ku-Sheared Hydrant noma Ikhefu Eliyinhloko?
I-United States 911 (uma imoto iphahlazeka, izintambo eziwile, noma amakhaya agcwele izikhukhula) + 311 (noma Ideski Lezimo Eziphuthumayo Ledolobha 24/7) Umthetho we-EPA Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) & Namakhodi Esifundazwe ESanitary ("I-PSI Rule engu-20"): Noma nini lapho ingcindezi yokusabalalisa yehla ngezansi 140 kPa (20 psi), izinsiza kumele zikhiphe Isaziso Samanzi Abilayo ngokushesha; isilawuli soxhumano oluphambanayo obuswa Isigaba se-IPC 608 & Imanuwali ye-AWWA M14. Uma imoto igunda i-hydrant: Umshwalense we-at-fault's Auto Property Damage Liability Insurance* unesibopho esingokomthetho sakho kokubili imali yedolobha yokulungisa ipayipi yamanzi KANYE nanoma yimuphi umonakalo wezikhukhula/usiphon egcekeni lakho, indawo engaphansi, noma isifudumezi samanzi (get the Police Crash Report # immediately).
Canada 911 (Ezimo Eziphuthumayo) + 311 (Izinkonzo Zamanzi Kamasipala 24/7 Dispatch) I-Health Canada Imihlahlandlela Yekhwalithi Yamanzi Okuphuza YaseCanada & CSA B64 Series (Backflow Preventers and Vacuum Breakers) + Ikhodi Kazwelonke Yamapayipi Isigaba 2.6.2. Umshwalense Wesikweletu Senkampani Yesithathu Ye-Driver (yamanzi agundwa yizimoto) noma Isimangalo Sokulawulwa Kwengozi Kamasipala (file written notice within 10 to 60 days).
United Kingdom 999 (uma ingozi/ingozi yomgwaqo) + Umthengisi Wamanzi Wesifunda 24/7 Leak Line (isb., iThames Water 0800 714 614, Severn Trent 0800 783 4444, Amanzi aseScotland 0800 0778 778) Izimiso Zokuhlinzekwa Kwamanzi (Izifakelo Zamanzi) 1999 (Fluid Categories 1 to 5 Backflow Protection) iphoqelelwe I-Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI). Umthetho Wemboni Yamanzi 1991 Isigaba 209 (Strict Liability for Burst Water Mains): E-UK, izinsiza zamanzi zibophezeleka ngokuqinile ngokomthetho (ngisho ngaphandle kokudebesela) ngomonakalo wesakhiwo odalwe ukuqhuma kwepayipi elikhulu lamanzi omphakathi, kanye ne-Isinxephezelo esizenzakalelayo se-Ofwat GSS (£20 to £50) ngokuphazamiseka kokuhlinzeka okudlula amahora ayi-12.
I-European Union 112 (Ezimo Eziphuthumayo) + Insiza Yamanzi Kamasipala (Service des Eaux / Wasserwerk) I-European Standard EN 1717 (Ukuvikelwa Ekungcolisweni Kwamanzi Aphuzwayo Ekufakweni Kwamanzi Nezimfuneko Ezivamile Zamadivayisi Okuvimbela Ukungcola Ngokugeleza Emuva). Umshwalense wesibopho somshayeli wenkampani yangaphandle (Green Card Directive) noma Isibopho Esiqinile Sezemisebenzi Yomphakathi Kamasipala.
I-Australia ne-New Zealand 000 / 111 (Ukuphahlazeka) + Isisetshenziswa samanzi kahulumeni 24/7 Amaphutha (Sydney Water 13 20 90, Melbourne Water 13 27 62, Watercare NZ 09 442 2222) AS/NZS 3500.1 (Amapayipi kanye Nokukhipha Indle - Amasevisi Amanzi: Ukuqukethwe Okugeleza Kwasemuva Kwengozi Ephakeme/Emaphakathi/Ephansi). Umshwalense Wempahla Ephelele Yomshayeli/Yenkampani Yangaphandle noma Izimangalo Zeshatha Yekhasimende Lensiza Yamanzi.
I-India ne-Asia-Pacific 112 + Ibhodi le-Municipal Jal (1916) / PUB Singapore (1800-2255-782) ** Ihhovisi le-Indian Standards IS 2065 (Ikhodi Yokuzijwayeza Yokuhlinzekwa Kwamanzi Ezakhiweni)** & Ikhodi Yokuzijwayeza yase-Singapore PUB Ekuhlinzekweni Kwamanzi Amapayipi. Isimangalo somuntu wesithathu weBhodi Yamanzi Kamasipala / Imoto Yemoto.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Uma imitha yami yamanzi ine-"Hlola Valve," kungani ngisadinga ukuvala iValve yami Yokuvala Amanzi Asendlini Enkulu ngesikhathi sekhefu lomgwaqo?

Ngenkathi izinsiza eziningi zifaka ithusi **I-Dual Check Valve (`ASSE 1024`)** ngasohlangothini lwamakhasimende lwamamitha amanzi edijithali yesimanje, izigidi zezindlu ezakhiwa ngaphambi kuka-2005 zinamamitha amadala okufuduka ane **zero valvu yokuhlola yangaphakathi** (evumela amanzi ukuthi ajikele imitha ahlehle imitha endaweni enkulu yomgwaqo). Ngisho nasezindlini ezine-valve yokuhlola imitha, i-mineral grit ne-iron scale kuvame ukubamba i-poppet yepulasitiki elayishwe entwasahlobo ivuleke kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ngabe ivalvu yokuhlola imitha ibamba u-100%, ukwehla kungazelelwe `0 psi` Emithani ivumela amanzi aphuma **kumapayipi akho esitezi sesibili kanye namathangi endlu yangasese engaphezulu/esitezi esiphezulu ukuthi angene empompini wakho wokuphuza ekhishini wesitezi sokuqala** ngaphakathi kwendlu yakho ngaphandle kwalapho uvala ivalvu yokuvala eyinhloko futhi uyeke ukuvula ompompi bezinga eliphansi.

Ngabe izicishamlilo noma izisebenzi zamanzi ziyivala kanjani ngempela i-Wet-Barrel Fire Hydrant egundiwe lapho i-geyser engamamitha ayi-10 (33-foot) iqhuma iphuma eceleni komgwaqo?

ABAZAMI ukuxhuma imbobo ye-hydrant eqhumayo ngokwayo. Ngekhodi yobunjiniyela kamasipala (**AWWA C502/C503 kanye ne-NFPA 24**), wonke amapayipi egatsha omthombo womlilo (`the "hydrant lateral"`) ineyayo engaphansi komhlaba ezinikele ** I-Axiliary Isolation Gate Valve (`called a "Watch Valve" or "Street Valve"`)** kungcwatshwe ngaphansi kwe-*15-centimeter (6-intshi) eyindilinga eyindilinga ye-valve-box lid** ku-asphalt yomgwaqo noma umucu wotshani cishe **1 ukuya ku-3 wamamitha (3 ukuya ku-10 amafidi) phambi kwe-hydrant**. Izisebenzi zomnyango wamanzi (noma izicishamlilo) ziphuma kuleso sivalo sensimbi esiyindilinga esincane emgwaqweni, slayida*1.8-metres-ubude (6-foot) steel T-handle Street Valve Key** phansi kushafti ungene kunathi eliyisikwele elisebenzayo, bese uyijika **15 ukuya ku-20 ngokujika kwewashi** ukuze uvale igatsha le-hydrant ngaphandle kokuvala amanzi endaweni esele.

Indlu yami inohlelo lwamapayipi lwe-"Closed-Loop" oluneThangi Lokwandisa Okushisayo ngaphezu kwe-heater yamanzi - ingabe ukuvala i-valve yami enkulu yokuvala kubangele ukuthi i-heater yami yamanzi icindezele kakhulu uma ngishiya ukushisa kuvuliwe?

Uma ikhaya lakho selivele linethangi elinosayizi ofanele, elishajwe ngaphambili **Ithangi Lokunweba Lokushisa Okushisayo** elifakwe epayipini lamanzi abandayo ngenhla kwesifudumezi sakho samanzi ashisayo, lelo thangi lokunweba limunca ukunwetshwa kwevolumu yamanzi ashisisayo okungu-2% ngokuphepha lapho ivalvu yakho yokuvala eyinhloko ivaliwe (futhi isifudumezi ngasinye samanzi sine- **Temperature and Pressure Relief [`T&P`] ivalvu** isethwe ku `1,034 kPa / 150 psi`). Kodwa-ke, uma ikhaya lakho *lingenalo* ithangi lokunweba elishisayo (noma uma esinyeni salo senjoloba sangaphakathi sigcwele amanzi), ukuvala i-valve yakho eyinhloko yokuvala yasendlini ngenkathi ushiya isifudumezisi segesi noma sikagesi siqhuma ukushisa okugcwele kuzobangela ukucindezela kwepayipi langaphakathi ukuthi likhuphuke lidlule. `150 psi` kuze kube **i-valve ye-T&P ikhala amanzi ashisayo endaweni yakho engaphansi**. Lesi yisizathu sesibili sokuthi kungani uvula i-heater yamanzi kagesi `OFF` (noma inkinobho ye-heater yamanzi kagesi ukuze `PILOT`) kuyilapho ivalvu yakho yamanzi eyinhloko ivaliwe kuwumkhuba ophephe kakhulu.

Kuthiwani uma ngizwa umsindo omkhulu noma ukugedlezela ("Isando Samanzi") ezindongeni zami lapho idolobha livula umgwaqo omkhulu wamanzi omgwaqo?

Lokho kushaya okunodlame kubangelwa **amaphakethe avaleleke omoya ocindezelwe** azungeza amapayipi akho ahlanganiswe nama-slugs amanzi anesivinini esikhulu. Ngaso sonke isikhathi uma iphakethe lomoya liphuma kumpompi futhi udonga oluqinile lwamanzi lushaya ivalve yompompi wethusi ngamamitha angu-3 (amafidi angu-10) ngomzuzwana, ikhiqiza i-hydraulic shockwave eyedlula **`1,400 kPa (200 psi)`** engadabula amapayipi erabha omshini wokuwasha noma amavalvu okugcwalisa amathoyilethi epulasitiki. Ngokushesha **cindezela iValve yakho Eyinhloko Yokuvala Amanzi Asendlini ibuyele phansi ukuze ivuleke ngo-25%** (`acting as a flow restrictor`), vula **izikhonkwane zakho zepayipi lengadi yangaphandle kanye nompompi ababandayo bakabhavu** ukuze wophe amaphakethe omoya aphume kahle ngesivinini esiphansi, futhi uvule i-valve eyinhloko ngo-100% uma konke ukuphalaza sekuphelile.

Ubani okhokhayo uma umshayeli odakiwe noma ophazamisekile eshayisa umshini wokucisha umlilo ophambi kwendlu yami futhi i-geyser igcwala indawo yami engaphansi noma igezisa indlela yami yokungena?

Ngokungafani nekhefu elizenzakalelayo lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba (lapho omasipala ezifundazweni eziningi zase-U.S. bathi ukuvikeleka okunamandla ngaphandle uma ufakazela ubudedengu bangaphambili), isisetshenziswa somshini wokucima umlilo esigundiwe esidalwe ukushayisana kwemoto simbozwa ngo-100% umshayeli wephutha I-Property Damage Liability Auto Insurance** (nangowakho i-Homeowners Compehensive insurance ishayisa impahla yakho). Ngaphambi kokuthi iloli elidonsa amaphoyisa lisuse indawo yesigameko, yehla ngomgwaqo (uhlale uhlanzekile emanzini nanoma yiziphi izintambo eziwile) bese ubuza iphoyisa eliphenyayo nge-**Inombolo Yombiko Wokuphahlazeka Kwamaphoyisa, igama lomshayeli, ipuleti lelayisense, kanye nenombolo yenkampani yomshwalense wezimoto/inombolo yenqubomgomo**, bese uthatha ividiyo enesitembu sesikhathi ebonisa i-hydrant geyser egeleza ngqo efasiteleni lakho lomthombo.

Iziqondiso ezihlobene

Imithombo neziqondiso ezisemthethweni

  • I-United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Ihhovisi Lamanzi Aphansi Namanzi Okuphuza: *I-Cross-Connection Control Manual (Back-Siphonage Physics Under Sub-Atmospheric Street Main Depressurization, Boiler/Irrigation/Hose-Bib Chemical Intrusion Case Studies, kanye ne-20 PSI Minimum Distribution) Ingcindezi.
  • I-American Water Works Association (AWWA): Manual M14: Backflow Prevention and Cross-Connection Control, Standard C502 (Dry-Barrel Fire Hydrants), Standard C503 (Wet-Barrel Fire Hydrants), kanye Standard C651 (Disinfecting Water Mains) Ngemva kokukhipha Amagciwane.
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, United States): Izeluleko Zamanzi Okuphuza: Ukugezwa Kwamapayipi Asekhaya, Ukukhucululwa Kwesifudumezi Samanzi, Nokushintshwa Kwesihlungi Se-Ice-Maker Ngemva Kokwelulekwa Kwamanzi Abilayo.
  • I-International Code Council (ICC) kanye ne-Canadian Standards Association (CSA): Ikhodi Yamazwe Ngamazwe Ngamapayipi (IPC) Isigaba 608 (Ukuvikelwa Kokuhlinzekwa Kwamanzi Aphuzwayo) & Isigaba 504.2 (Amavalufu Osizo Lwe-Vacuum ANSI Z21.22 / CSA 4.4 Okudingekayo Ezifudumezisi Zamanzi Kungaphansi Kwezifudumezi Zamanzi).
  • I-Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI, United Kingdom) & European Committee for Standardization (CEN): Imithetho Yokuhlinzekwa Kwamanzi (Ukufakwa Kwamanzi) 1999 (Izigaba Zamanzi 1-5) kanye EN 1717 (Ukuvikelwa Ekungcolisweni Kwamanzi Aphuzwayo Ngokugeleza Kwasemuva).