Isiphepho seqhwa: izintambo zikagesi ezehlisiwe, amalunga esihlahla, nokubuyisela ukushisa ngokuphepha¶

Isiphepho seqhwa simboza yonke indawo ngongqimba olucwebezelayo olucacile, olusindayo. Amagatsha ayaphuka, izihlahla ziwela emigwaqweni nasophahleni, futhi izintambo zikagesi zehla kuzo zonke izifunda, ngezinye izikhathi izinsuku. Izingozi zifika ngokulandelana okubikezelwe: okokuqala izitho eziwayo nezintambo eziphilayo, bese kuba yindlu ebandayo, bese kuba nemizamo esheshayo yokufudumala futhi eqala umlilo futhi ibangele ubuthi be-carbon monoxide.

Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa izinqumo ezintathu ezibaluleke kakhulu ngemva kwemvula eshubisa umnkantsha: indlela yokuhambahamba egcekeni eligcwele izihlahla nezintambo ezilimele, ungahlala kanjani ufudumele lapho ugesi uphumile emazingeni okushisa aqandayo, kanye nendlela yokubuyisela ukushisa ekhaya elibandayo ngaphandle kokulimaza noma ubani. Ngomcimbi wesimo sezulu ngokwawo, funda iziphepho zeqhwa, imvula eshubisa umnkantsha kanye nokuwa kwentambo kagesi. Ngokucisha ugesi okude endaweni ebanzi, bheka ukucisha kukagesi ebusika kanye nokucinywa kukagesi isikhathi eside.

Yenza lokhu manje¶

1. Hlala ngaphakathi kuze kube yilapho imvula eqandayo inqamuka futhi neqhwa seliqale ukuncibilika, ngaphandle uma usengozini esheshayo. Amagatsha alokhu ewa amahora amaningi ngemva kokuphela kwemvula, futhi awe ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
2. Phatha wonke ulayini owehlisiwe njengobukhoma. Hlala okungenani amamitha angu-10 (amafidi angu-33), gcina izingane nezilwane ezifuywayo, futhi ushayele isisetshenziswa sakho sikagesi. Uma ulayini uthinta umuntu, imoto noma isakhiwo esishayo, shayela inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo (911 e-United States nase-Canada, 112 ngaphesheya kwe-European Union, 999 e-United Kingdom). Bheka izinombolo eziphuthumayo kwamanye amazwe.
3. Khetha ikamelo elilodwa ozohlala kulo. Vala umnyango, ulengise ingubo yokulala emnyango, gqoka izendlalelo nesigqoko, bese uhambisa okombhede. Igumbi elincane libamba ukushisa komzimba kangcono kakhulu kunendlu yonke.
4. Ungalokothi ulethe ijeneretha, igrill, isitofu sekamu noma ihitha yangaphandle endlini, futhi ungalokothi usebenzise ijeneretha egaraji noma eduze kwefasitela. Lezi zibulala abantu njalo ebusika nge-carbon monoxide.
5. Hlola omakhelwane asebekhulile, abagulayo noma bodwa, ngokushesha nje lapho sekuphephile ukuphuma ngaphandle. Amakhaza abulala buthule, futhi i-hypothermia yangaphakathi ivamile emahoreni angu-48 okuqala okunqamuka.
6. Thatha isithombe sokulimala kwekhaya lakho, izihlahla nezimoto ngaphambi kokuthi uhambise noma yini, bese ubika ukucisha nokulimala kwezinsiza zakho kanye nomshwalense.

Kungani izivunguvungu zeqhwa ziyingozi kakhulu kuneqhwa¶

Imvula eyisiqhwaga inetha njengoketshezi futhi ibe yiqhwa lapho ithintana nendawo engaphansi noma engu-0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). Ngisho nongqimba oluncane lweqhwa olungamasentimitha angu-0,6 (ikota eyodwa yeyintshi) lweqhwa lungakwazi ukwengeza amakhulu amakhilogremu esisindo endaweni yezintambo zikagesi nasesihlahleni esikhulu. Ama-ejensi kazwelonke wesimo sezulu e-United States (National Weather Service), e-United Kingdom (Met Office) kanye nase-Canada (Environment and Climate Change Canada) bonke baphatha imvula ebanda kakhulu njengengozi yomthelela omkhulu ngenxa yalesi sizathu.

Iqhwa libuye lenze yonke into ishelele kanyekanye. Imigwaqo, izindlela zezinyawo, izitebhisi, izicabha zemoto ngisho nomhlabathi ozungeze ikhaya lakho awuphephile. Uma kufanele uthuthe, funda eshelela eqhweni awe kuqala.

Lawa mabanga ajwayelekile. Umoya wengeza umthwalo, futhi isiphepho esinomoya onamandla neqhwa elincane singenza umonakalo ofana nesiphepho esinokuthula esinokwengeziwe.

Izintambo zamandla ezehlisiwe¶

Intambo ewile akudingeki ukuthi ihlansile, ihlabelele noma inyakaze ukuze ibe bukhoma. Iziphepho zeqhwa zivame ukuwisa imigqa emigwaqweni eshayelayo, ezicingweni, ezimotweni nasezihlahleni, futhi ulayini ungaphinda unikezwe amandla ngaphandle kwesexwayiso lapho insiza izama ukubuyisela isekethe. Umhlaba oseduze komugqa owehlisiwe nawo ungathwala i-current, yingakho ugcina ibanga lakho kunokugwema kuphela intambo.

Hlala kude¶

• Hlala okungenani amamitha ayi-10 (33 amafidi) ukusuka kunoma yimuphi umugqa owehlile, cishe ubude bebhasi.
• Ungathinti lutho oluxhumene nolayini, okuhlanganisa uthango, izimoto, amagatsha ezihlahla, ama-puddles kanye namagatha ensimbi.
• Ungazami ukuhambisa umugqa ngenduku, umshanelo noma ifosholo. Ukhuni, ipulasitiki kanye ne-fiberglass kusengaqhuba uma kumanzi noma kuqhwa.
• Gcina izingane nezilwane ngaphakathi uze uhambe egcekeni ukude.
• Xwayisa abanye ngokumemeza, ukuvala isango noma ukubeka umaka ocacile endaweni ephephile. Ungami eduze kolayini ukuze uyigade.

Uma umugqa uwela emotweni yakho¶

Hlala ngaphakathi kwemoto bese ushayela inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo. Xwayisa noma ubani osondelayo ukuthi asale. Isizathu sokuhamba siwumlilo kuphela. Uma kufanele uhambe, vula umnyango, beka izandla zakho phambi kwakho, futhi ugxume ucace ngezinyawo zombili ukuze ungathinti imoto nomhlaba ngesikhathi esisodwa. Bese uyashova uhambe ngezinyathelo ezincane, ugcine izinyawo zakho zihlangene futhi phansi, ukuze ugweme umehluko ku-voltage phakathi kwezinyawo zakho. Izinyathelo ezigcwele zingenile izintambo zikagesi ezehlisiwe kanye nogesi wemoto. Uma umugqa ufika endlini noma egcekeni lakho, funda futhi intambo kagesi ewile ocingweni lwendlu noma lwegceke.

Ubani okufanele ashayele¶

Bika imigqa eyehlisiwe kusisetshenziswa sakho sikagesi kuqala uma kungekho muntu olimele. Shayela inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo uma ulayini uwela umgwaqo, uthinta umuntu noma imoto, udala umlilo, noma lapho othile ethukile. E-United Kingdom, inombolo yamaphutha enethiwekhi ngu-105, okuxhuma ku-opharetha wenethiwekhi yangakini. Kwamanye amazwe, thola ulayini ophuthumayo wohlelo lwakho lokusebenza enkokhelweni yakho yokugcina bese uwulondoloze kufoni yakho ngaphambi kwesizini yesiphepho.

Izitho zesihlahla kanye neqhwa eliwayo¶

Iqhwa lisinda amagatsha, bese umoya nelanga liyawakhulula. Isitho esisinde ebusuku singawa ngakusasa ntambama njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka neqhwa lithamba. Izingozi eziningi ngemva kweziphepho zeqhwa zivela kubantu abahamba ngaphansi kwezihlahla ukuze bahlole umonakalo noma basuse imigwaqo.

Ezulazula egcekeni¶

1. Linda kuze kube yilapho iqhwa liqala ukuconsa noma lichitheke ngaphambi kokuthi uphumele ngaphandle, bese ubheka phezulu ngaphambi kwesinyathelo ngasinye.
2. Ungangeni ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezinkulu, imigqa yezinsiza kanye nama-eves ophahleni. Amashidi eqhwa ashelela ophahleni oluwumqansa futhi angaba nzima ngokwanele ukulimaza.
3. Gqoka amabhuzu anonyawo olujulile, oluthambile, noma engeza ama-traction cleats. Bona ingxenye yezicathulo ku eshelela eqhweni awe.
4. Hamba ngezinyathelo ezimfushane, izinyawo zakho ziphansi futhi izandla zakho zikhululekile. Ungayithwali imithwalo evimba ibhalansi yakho.
5. Gcina ifoni eshajiwe ephaketheni langaphakathi lapho kuhlala kufudumele, bese utshela othile ukuthi uyaphi.

Izihlahla eziyingozi kanye nezitho ezilengayo¶

Bheka amagatsha alengayo, abizwa ngokuthi abafelokazi, abanjwe emqhele wesihlahla. Bheka izihlahla ezincike ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, izingcezu zezimpande eziphakanyiswe emhlabathini, iziqu ezihlukene, nezitho ezinkulu eziqhekekile ezisanamathele ngamagxolo. Ungami ngaphansi kwanoma iyiphi yalezi, futhi ungapaki ngaphansi kwazo.

Okungafanele ukwenze¶

• Ungagawuli isihlahla esicindezelekile, sincike kwesinye isihlahla, noma esiphithene ngentambo kagesi. Ukusika kukhishwa amandla agciniwe, futhi ucezu olusikiwe lungahlehla noma lugoqe.
• Ungagibeli isitebhisi ezindaweni ezineqhwa ukuze usike noma uwise izitho zomzimba.
• Ungasebenzisi i-chainsaw uma ungaqeqeshiwe, ubanda futhi ukhathele, noma ungenamuntu eduze. Ama-chainsaws alimaza izinkulungwane zabantu ngemuva kweziphepho. Bheka i-chainsaw kickback kanye nokulimala kokugawulwa kwezihlahla komfelokazi.
• Ungawanyakazisi noma ushaye iqhwa emagatsheni. Igatsha linganqamuka, futhi iqhwa liwela ngakuwe.
• Ungathinti noma yisiphi isihlahla esiseduze noma entanjeni kagesi. Izihlahla namagatsha ahambisa ugesi.

Qasha isazi sezihlahla esinelayisensi noma ithimba lezihlahla langakini nganoma yini esendlini, ulayini noma umgwaqo. Izindawo eziningi futhi zisebenzisa usizo lokuhlanza iziphepho ngohulumeni wasekhaya noma amaqembu amavolontiya. Qaphela okunikezwayo kwendlu ngendlu ngemuva nje kwesiphepho, ngoba imikhonyovu ibhebhetheka ngemuva kwezinhlekelele. Cela umazisi, isilinganiso esibhaliwe kanye nobufakazi bomshwalense, futhi ungayikhokhi imali egcwele kusenesikhathi.

Uma isihlahla sishaye indlu yakho¶

Khipha wonke umuntu endaweni eyonakele futhi uhlale ucacile kunoma yiliphi igumbi ngaphansi kwesihlahla. Uphahla olulimele lungase lungasebenzi ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, futhi umnyango wesevisi kagesi ophukile ungashiya izintambo ezibukhoma ezindongeni. Uma uhogela igesi, uzwa ukuhayiza noma ubona izinhlansi, phuma endlini futhi ushayele isevisi kanye nenombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo ungaphandle. Uma wonke umuntu esephephile, funda isihlahla endlini ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo.

Ukusinda ekunqanyulweni kukagesi okuqandayo¶

Uma amandla ephela kumazinga okushisa aqandayo, ikhaya lakho lilahlekelwa ukushisa kancane kancane. Ngisho nendlu evaleleke kahle ingawela eduze kwezinga lokushisa langaphandle ngosuku noma ezimbili. Uhlelo lwakho lunezingxenye ezine: gcina ukushisa, vikela abantu abasengozini enkulu, gwema imithombo yokushisa eyingozi, futhi uhlale unolwazi.

Londoloza ukushisa onakho¶

• Khetha igumbi elingaphakathi elincane, elivalekile elingcono kakhulu elinezindonga namafasitela angaphandle ambalwa kakhulu. Igumbi lokugezela, iphasishi noma igumbi lokulala elingaphakathi lisebenza kahle. Gwema amagumbi angaphansi ezikhukhuleni futhi ugweme amagumbi anengilazi eningi.
• Vala iminyango endlini yonke. Vimba okusalungiswa ngaphansi komnyango ngamathawula nezingubo zokulala ezigoqiwe.
• Vala amafasitela ngezingubo zokulala, amathawula, amakhadibhodi noma amakhethini asindayo. Tape sheeting yepulasitiki phezu kwanoma yimaphi amafasitela aqhekekile noma avuzayo.
• Vala ama-damper eziko lapho iziko lingashi.
• Beka izendlalelo: ungqimba oluyisisekelo, ungqimba oluphakathi olufudumele, kanye nongqimba lwangaphandle oluvikela umoya. Gqoka isigqoko namasokisi afudumele, ngoba ingxenye enkulu yokushisa komzimba iphuma ekhanda nasezinyaweni.
• Lalani niyiqembu, ngaphansi kwezingubo zokulala ezimbalwa, kumatilasi noma ephedini kunokuba niqonde phansi.
• Yidla njalo futhi uphuze uketshezi olufudumele. Ukudla yi-heater yakho yangaphakathi. Gwema utshwala, obuzwa ukufudumala kodwa busheshisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa.

Yazi ukuthi ubani osengozini enkulu¶

Izingane, abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, abantu abanesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela noma izinkinga zegilo, abantu abasebenzisa imishanguzo edambisa izinhlungu, nanoma ubani osevele engaphilanga bangathola i-hypothermia endlini ezizwa ipholile nje. Bheka i-hypothermia kanye ne-frostbite okwezimpawu zokuxwayisa. Ingxenye yabantu abadala kamuva kulo mhlahlandlela ihlanganisa ukuthi kufanele bahlole nini omakhelwane, kanye ukugcina abantu abadala abadala bephephile emakhazeni ijula.

Imithombo yokushisa ephephile¶

Sebenzisa kuphela imithombo yokushisa edizayinelwe ukusetshenziswa endlini, enophethiloli ofanele, nama-alamu asebenzayo. I-alamu esebenza ngebhethri ye-carbon monoxide kanye ne-alamu yentuthu esebenzayo iyona encane. Ukuze uthole incazelo egcwele yalokho okufanele ukusebenzise nalokho okufanele ukugweme, bheka izifudumezi zesikhala, iziko kanye nezitofu zezinkuni lapho kucima.

Uma ungenawo umthombo wokushisa ophephile futhi indlu iwela ngaphansi cishe kuka-10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit), umnyakazo ophephe kakhulu ukuya endaweni efudumele. Izinketho zihlanganisa umngane noma isihlobo esinamandla, isikhungo sokufudumala komphakathi, indawo yokukhosela yomphakathi, noma ihhotela. Uhulumeni wakho wasekhaya ngokuvamile umemezela izikhungo zokufudumala kuwebhusayithi yakhe, umsakazo wendawo, noma ngocingo. E-United States, ungashayela ku-211 ukuze uthole ulwazi lwendawo yokukhosela.

Gcina amanzi angaqandi¶

Uma ugesi uphelile, amapayipi angaba yiqhwa ngosuku noma ngaphansi ebusuku kubanda kanzima. Vula iminyango yekhabethe ngaphansi kosinki ukuze umoya ofudumele ufinyelele emapayipini, vumela ukuconsa kompompi, futhi wazi ukuthi ukuvaleka kwakho kwamanzi okuyinhloko kukuphi. Bheka amapayipi aqandisiwe ukuvimbela nokuncibilika, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ipayipi liqhumile.

Ukudla, amanzi kanye nemithi¶

Isiqandisi esivaliwe sigcina ukudla kuphephile amahora angaba ngu-4, isiqandisi esigcwele amahora angaba ngu-48, kanye nesiqandisi esigcwele uhhafu amahora angaba ngu-24. Esimweni sezulu esibanda kakhulu, ungagcina ukudla ngaphandle esitsheni esimboziwe izilwane ezingakwazi ukufinyelela kuzo, kodwa kugcine kuqanda futhi kuncibilike ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ungadli noma yini ebingaphezu kuka-4 degrees Celsius (40 degrees Fahrenheit) isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora ama-2. Bheka ukudla okonakele kanye nogesi wefriji. Uma uthembele emuthini odinga isiqandisi, hlola Imithi ezwela izinga lokushisa lapho ugesi unqamuka.

Ungalokothi uncibilikise iqhwa ukuze uphuze ngaphandle uma kufanele, bese ubilise okungenani iminithi elingu-1. Ungasebenzisi iqhwa eligugile noma eduze kwemigwaqo. Futhi khumbula ukuthi imishanguzo efakwe esiqandisini efana ne-insulini ingonakala ngokuqandisa.

Amadivayisi anamandla¶

Amabhethri efoni aphela ngokushesha emakhazeni. Gcina amafoni eseduze nomzimba wakho, vula imodi yamandla aphansi, yehlisa ukukhanya kwesikrini, futhi uthumele imilayezo emifushane yombhalo esikhundleni sokushaya amakholi amade. Ibhange lamandla elikhokhiswa ngaphambi kwesiphepho libaluleke kakhulu kunokuthenga okuningi kwesiphepho. Amarediyo asebenza ngebhethri, okungcono ane-hand crank kanye nebhendi yesimo sezulu, akunikeza izibuyekezo ezisemthethweni uma imibhoshongo yeselula ihluleka.

Ukusebenzisa ijeneretha ngokuphepha¶

Ijeneretha iyimbangela eyodwa enkulu yokufa kwe-carbon monoxide ngemva kweziphepho zasebusika. I-carbon monoxide ayinaphunga futhi ayinambala, futhi ijeneretha egijimayo ingagcwalisa indlu ngezinga eliyingozi phakathi nemizuzu. Imithetho ebalulekile ilandela i-CDC (United States) kanye nesiqondiso se-Health Canada.

• Gijimisa ijeneretha ngaphandle kuphela, okungenani amamitha angu-6 (amafidi angu-20) ukusuka endlini, umsi ukhombe kude namafasitela, izicabha kanye nezintuba.
• Ungalokothi uyigijimise egaraji, ngisho nomnyango uvuliwe, endaweni engaphansi, endaweni yokukhasela noma eshedini. Ungalokothi uyigijime kuvulandi noma ngaphansi kwe-carport exhunywe endlini.
• Faka i-alamu esebenza ngebhethri ye-carbon monoxide kuzo zonke izindawo zokulala nakuzo zonke izitezi.
• Gcina i-generator yomile, ngaphansi kwe-canopy evulekile uma kuneqhwa. Ungayimbozi ngendlela evimbela i-exhaust noma ukungena komoya.
• Xhuma izinto zikagesi ngqo kujeneretha ngezintambo ezisindayo zangaphandle, noma uchwepheshe kagesi onelayisensi afake iswishi yokudlulisa. Ungalokothi uxhume ijeneretha endaweni ephuma odongeni, engabuyisela amandla emigqeni futhi ibulale izisebenzi zolayini.
• Vumela ijeneretha ukuthi iphole ngaphambi kokuba uyigcwalise, futhi ugcine uphethiloli ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhlala.

Ukuze uthole isiqondiso esigcwele funda ukuphepha kwejeneretha. Ukuze uthole izimpawu nokwelashwa koshevu, bheka i-carbon monoxide futhi i-carbon monoxide nokuhogela intuthu usizo lokuqala.

Ukubuyisela ukushisa ngokuphepha¶

Lapho amandla ebuya, ukujaha ukufudumala kudala izingozi ezintsha. Kungenzeka ukuthi amapayipi aba yiqhwa, izinto zikagesi zishiywe zivuliwe, futhi indlu ebibanda izinsuku eziningi ingaziphatha ngendlela ehlukile uma isithando somlilo siqala ukusebenza futhi. Hamba kancane futhi uhlole isistimu ngayinye.

Ngaphambi kokuthi amandla abuye¶

Uma kufanele ushiye ikhaya lakho ngesikhathi sokunqamuka isikhathi eside, vala ukunikezwa kwamanzi okuyinhloko bese ukhipha uhlelo uma wazi ukuthi kanjani. Uma uhlala, cisha noma ukhiphe izinto zokushisisa, izitofu nezinye izinto obuzisebenzisa, ukuze zingaziqali ngokwazo lapho igridi ibuya. Shiya isibani esisodwa ukuze wazi ukuthi amandla abuyile nini. Lokhu futhi kusiza ukuvimbela ukuhlinzwa lapho yonke into iqala ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ihora lokuqala ngemva kokubuyiselwa kwamandla¶

1. Vula i-thermostat uyinyuse kancane kancane, mhlawumbe u-2 noma u-3 degrees Celsius (cishe u-5 degrees Fahrenheit) ngesikhathi. Ukweqa okukhulu kwenza isistimu yakho isebenze kanzima futhi ingase ihambe ama-breaker.
2. Bheka futhi ulalele isithando somlilo sakho noma ibhayili. Uma uhogela igesi, uzwa ukuhayiza, noma uhogela okuthile okushisayo, shiya futhi ushayele inkampani yakho yegesi kanye nenombolo yakho yasendaweni ephuthumayo. Ungaphenyi amaswishi lapho uphuma.
3. Hlola isibani somshayeli noma isistimu yokushisa, ngokwemiyalelo yomkhiqizi. Ungasikhanyisi kabusha isibani somshayeli uma uhogela igesi.
4. Hamba endlini ubheke amadriphu, usilingi omanzi, izindonga ezigobile kanye nephansi elixegayo. Amapayipi aqandisiwe angase ahlukane futhi aqale ukuvuza kuphela lapho encibilika.
5. Vula izinto zikagesi kanye ngesikhathi, hhayi zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Linda imizuzu embalwa phakathi kwemithwalo emikhulu efana nezifudumezi zamanzi, amahhavini nezomisi.
6. Hlola i-alamu yakho ye-carbon monoxide ne-alamu yentuthu ngokucindezela inkinobho yokuhlola.
7. Vula ompompi kancane ukuze ubone ukuthi amanzi ayageleza yini. Uma ipayipi lifriziwe, ungasebenzisi ithoshi noma ilangabi elivulekile. Ifudumeze kahle ngesomisi sezinwele, impompi ivuliwe, isebenza ukusuka kumpompi ukuya engxenyeni efriziwe.

Hlola ushimula kanye ne-flue¶

Oshimula abangakaze basetshenziswe, abafakwe eqhweni noma abashaywe amagatsha bangavinjelwa. Uma uhlela ukusebenzisa indawo yomlilo noma isitofu okokuqala ngqa selokhu kwaba nesiphepho, hlola isivalo sikashimula kanye nomsele ukuze uthole iqhwa, udoti noma izidleke. Bheka umlilo kashimula kanye nengozi ye-creosote. I-flue evinjiwe iphushela intuthu ne-carbon monoxide endlini, ngakho vula umshini wokushisa, wokhela umlilo omncane wokuhlola kuphela uma uqinisekile ukuthi umshini ucacile, futhi uhlale uphapheme.

Isifudumezi samanzi namapayipi¶

Ngemva kokucisha isikhathi eside kwamakhaza, isifudumezi-manzi noma ithangi lingase libe nolayini wokuhambisa oqandisiwe, i-valve yokusiza ingcindezi eyonakele, noma ithangi eliqhekekile. Ungasivuli isifudumezi samanzi sikagesi kuze kube yilapho ithangi ligcwele amanzi, ngoba ukushisa ithangi elingenalutho kungashisa izakhi. Bheka ukuhluleka kwe-heater yamanzi uma ubona ukuvuza, amanzi anombala ogqwalile, noma uzwa imisindo eshayayo.

Bafudumale abantu, bese kuba nendlu¶

Abantu abafudumele ngaphambi kwendlu, uma othile ebanda kakhulu. Zingenise ekamelweni elifudumele, zikhiphe noma yiziphi izingubo ezimanzi, zizisonge ngezingubo zokulala ezomile, futhi zinikeze iziphuzo ezinoshukela ezifudumele uma ziphapheme futhi zingagwinya. Ungawahlikihli isikhumba, futhi ungawafaki ebhavini elishisayo. Uma beqhaqhazela ngamandla, bedidekile, belele kakhulu, noma beyeka ukuqhaqhazela, shayela inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo. Funda i-hypothermia kanye ne-frostbite ngezinyathelo ezigcwele.

Ukugeleza kwesinqumo ngemva kwesiphepho seqhwa¶

flowchart TD
    A["Isiphepho seqhwa sesidlulile"] --> B{"Ingabe ikhona imigqa ezansi<br/>eduze nawe?"}
    B -->|"Yebo"| C["Hlala amamitha angu-10 noma amafithi angu-33 ukusuka<br/>futhi ushayele insiza"]
    B -->|"Cha"| D{"Ingabe amandla avuliwe?"}
    C --> D
    D -->|"Yebo"| E["Hlola amapayipi, i-heater kanye ne-flue<br/>bese uvula ukushisa kancane"]
    D -->|"Cha"| F{"Ingabe indlu ingaphezulu<br/>10 C noma 50 F?"}
    F -->|"Yebo"| G["Indawo yokuhlala egumbini elilodwa<br/>futhi usebenzise ukushisa okuphephile kuphela"]
    F -->|"Cha"| H["Hambisa isikhungo sokufudumala<br/>noma isihlobo esinamandla"]
    G --> I{"Ukhona ophethwe yikhanda,<br/>isiyezi noma ukudideka?"}
    I -->|"Yebo"| J["Phuma ngaphandle emoyeni omusha<br/>futhi ushayele inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo"]
    I -->|"Cha"| K["Hlola omakhelwane<br/>futhi uqhubeke ulalele ukuze uthole izibuyekezo"]

Ukuqhathanisa imithombo yokushisa lapho kucisha khona¶

Ukungena kwabanye¶

Ukunqamuka kwesiphepho seqhwa kuvame ukuhlukanisa abantu. Uma usuphephile, hlola omakhelwane abahlala bodwa, noma ubani othembele emishinini yezokwelapha enamandla, kanye nabantu abahamba kancane. Shaya izicabha endleleni, shayela ngocingo kuqala, futhi ungangeni endlini ongeke uyibone uma uzwa iphunga legesi noma intuthu. Uma othile engatholakali futhi ukhathazekile, shayela inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo ucele isheke lezenhlalakahle.

Uma uthembele kumshini wokungenisa umoya, isigxivizo se-oxygen noma umshini we-CPAP, bheka ukucisha kukagesi kwezigxili zomoya-mpilo, ama-ventilators kanye ne-CPAP. Tshela usizo lwakho kusenesikhathi uma othile ekhaya lakho encike emishinini yezokwelapha enamandla. Izinsiza eziningi zigcina uhlu olubalulekile, njengeRejista Yezinsizakalo Ezibalulekile e-United Kingdom, nakuba indawo esohlwini ingaqinisekisi amandla.

Izilwane ezifuywayo nezilwane¶

Letha izilwane ezifuywayo endlini futhi uzigcine ekamelweni lakho elifudumele. Amakati nezinja kungaba yiqhwa, futhi iqhwa nosawoti kulimaza izidladla. Sula izidladla ngemva kokuhamba futhi uhlole ukuqhekeka noma ukopha. Nikeza amanzi ahlanzekile angaqandisiwe, futhi ugcine amakhemikhali e-antifreeze kanye ne-de-icing akude, ngoba anobuthi. Ngemfuyo nezilwane ezinkulu, hlola imithombo yamanzi kanye nezinqamuli zomoya ngokushesha nje lapho sekuphephile. Bheka izilwane ezifuywayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo.

Ukushayela ngemva kwesiphepho seqhwa¶

Gwema ukushayela kuze kube yilapho abasebenzi sebeqedile futhi balungisa imigwaqo. Uma kufanele uhambe, shayela kancane, unezikhala ezinkulu phakathi kwezimoto, futhi ugcine ikhithi yasebusika emotweni. Hamba ku-skid, bhuleka kancane, futhi ungalokothi usebenzise i-cruise control eqhweni. Qaphela izitho nezintambo zesihlahla, futhi ungashayeli phezu komugqa, ngisho noma ubukeka ufile. Phatha izimpambanondlela ezimnyama njengezindawo ezine zokuma lapho amasignali ephumile. Bheka flash iqhwa kanye black ice ukushayela futhi imoto yezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ukuhlanza nokululama¶

Lapho iqhwa lincibilika, ukuhlanza kuqala. Thatha isikhathi sakho, sebenza nomlingani wakho, futhi uthathe ikhefu ukuze ufudumale. Ukuzikhandla ngokweqile emakhazeni kuyingozi yangempela yenhliziyo. Uma ufaka i-slush esindayo noma iqhwa ngefosholo, funda iqhwa elifosholo ngokuphepha.

• Gqoka amagilavu, ukuvikela amehlo namabhuzu aqinile.
• Qoqa imfucumfucu kude nendlu futhi uphume endleleni yabasebenzi.
• Ungashisi imfucumfucu emanzi endlini noma ngaphansi kwezintambo zikagesi.
• Gcina irekhodi lezinto ezilimele kanye nokulungiswa komshwalense. Gcina amarisidi ezindleko eziphuthumayo njengokuhlala ehhotela, iqhwa nokudla, ngoba ezinye izinqubomgomo ziyakubuyisela.
• Bheka uphahla lwakho ngokulimala kweqhwa kanye nokulimala kwezitho eziwayo uma iqhwa selincibilikile. Bheka ukuvuza kophahla.

Uhlu lokuhlola losuku lokuqala ngemva kwesiphepho¶

• Wonke umuntu ungaphakathi futhi ufudumele, unezingubo ezomile nesigqoko.
• Yonke imigqa eyehlisiwe iyabikwa, futhi akekho ophakathi kwamamitha angu-10 (33 amafidi) kubo.
• I-alamu esebenza ngebhethri ye-carbon monoxide iyasebenza.
• Akukho generator, igrill noma isitofu sekamu esisendlini, igaraji noma eduze kwamafasitela.
• Amafoni ayashajwa noma akumodi yamandla amancane, nomsakazo usulungile.
• Omakhelwane asebekhulile, abagulayo noma bodwa bahloliwe.
• Ukudla okusefrijini nasefrijini kuhloliwe futhi kwagcinwa kubanda.
• Amanzi avikelwe emakhazeni, futhi ukuvalwa okuyinhloko kuyaziwa.
• Izilwane ezifuywayo zingaphakathi namanzi nendawo yokukhosela.
• Izithombe zomonakalo zithathwe.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa¶

Kufanele ngihlale kude kangakanani entanjeni yamandla eyehlisiwe ngemva kwesiphepho seqhwa?¶

Hlala okungenani amamitha angu-10 (33 amafidi) kude, okungaba ubude bebhasi, futhi uphathe wonke ulayini njengophilayo ngisho noma ulele unganyakazi noma ubukeka ufile. Ungathinti noma yini exhumene nolayini, njengocingo, isihlahla noma imoto. Shayela inkampani yakho kagesi, noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni yezimo eziphuthumayo uma ulayini ungaphesheya komgwaqo, emotweni, noma ulimele othile.

Ingabe kuphephile ukushisisa indlu yami ngohhavini noma ngesitofu segesi phakathi nokuphela kukagesi?¶

Cha. Uhhavini wegesi noma isitofu asiklanyelwe ukushisisa ikhaya, futhi ukhiqiza i-carbon monoxide engagcwala ekamelweni elivaliwe ngaphandle kwephunga. Sebenzisa kuphela izifudumezi ezenzelwe ukusetshenziswa endlini, gcina i-alamu ye-carbon monoxide esebenza ngebhethri kuyo yonke indawo yokulala, futhi uye esikhungweni sokufudumala uma ungakwazi ukugcina indlu ifudumele ngokuphepha.

Ngingakwazi ukuhlala isikhathi esingakanani endlini ngaphandle kokushisa esimweni sezulu esibanda?¶

Kuya endlini, izinga lokushisa langaphandle kanye nabantu abangaphakathi. Izingane, abantu abadala kanye nabantu abanezimo zezempilo bangagula ekhaya elipholile, ngakho bayise endaweni efudumele kusenesikhathi. Uma izinga lokushisa lasendlini lifinyelela ku-10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit) futhi ungakwazi ukulikhuphula ngokuphepha, hamba uye esihlotsheni, ehhotela noma esikhungweni sokufudumala esikhundleni sokulinda.

Kuphephile nini ukuvula ukushisa futhi ngemva kokucima isikhathi eside?¶

Yivule uma usuhlole iphunga legesi, ukuvuza, amapayipi aqandisiwe noma ahlukanisiwe, kanye noshimula ovalekile noma umtshingo. Phakamisa i-thermostat ngezinyathelo ezincane kunakho konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi uvule izinto zikagesi ezinkulu eyodwa ngesikhathi. Hlola ama-alamu akho entuthu nawe-carbon monoxide, futhi ushayele uchwepheshe onelayisensi uma isithando somlilo sakho, ubhayela noma isifudumezi samanzi sisebenza ngendlela ekukhathazayo.

Imithombo ihloliwe¶

Isiqondiso kuleli khasi siye sahlolwa ngokuqhathaniswa nemithombo esemthethweni elandelayo: Isevisi Yesimo Sezulu Yezwe (e-United States) amakhasi okuphepha kwesimo sezulu sasebusika, isiqondiso seCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (United States) mayelana ne-carbon monoxide namajeneretha kanye nokuhlala uphephile esimweni sezulu esibandayo, Ready.gov kanye ne-Federal Emergency Management Agency (United States) isiphepho sasebusika kanye neziqondiso zokunqamuka kukagesi, i-American Red Security Agency kanye ne-United Kingdom Health Agency (i-United States Security Agency) iseluleko sezulu esibandayo, i-National Health Service (United Kingdom) iseluleko sokugcina ukufudumala, kanye ne-Health Canada kanye ne-Public Safety Canada isiqondiso mayelana neziphepho zasebusika kanye ne-carbon monoxide. Lapho ama-ejensi esebenzisa amabanga noma izikhathi ezihluke kancane, lo mhlahlandlela unikeza inombolo eqaphe kakhulu.

Funda usizo lokuqala¶

Ukufunda kuyasiza, kodwa isifundo sosizo lokuqala sikufundisa ukwenza okuthile lapho kubalwa. I-Red Cross, i-St John Ambulance kanye nabahlinzeki abaningi bendawo baqhuba izifundo ezimfushane ngosizo lokuqala, i-CPR nokwelapha ukulimala okubandayo. Bhuka eyodwa ngaphambi kobusika obulandelayo, futhi uhambe nomuntu wasendlini yakho.

Iziqondiso ezihlobene¶

• Iziphepho zeqhwa, imvula eshubisa umnkantsha kanye nokuwa kwentambo kagesi
• Ukuphepha kwesiphepho sasebusika: ukushisisa ikhaya kanye nokuphila okubandayo
• Izintambo zikagesi ezehlisiwe kanye nogesi wemoto
• I-Hypothermia kanye ne-frostbite
• Amapayipi aqandisiwe