I-Visa Overstay Ngengozi, Ukuvinjelwa Kokuphuma, Nezinhlawulo Zedokhumenti Yokuhamba Eziphuthumayo¶

Ukuthola ukuthi i-visa yakho yesivakashi, isitembu sokungena samahhala se-visa, noma imvume yokuba ngumhlali wesikhashana iphelelwe yisikhathi ngenkathi usekwelinye izwe kudala isimo esiphuthumayo esingokomthetho. Abahambi bavamise ukubala ngokungalungile ukuhlala kwabo okuvunyelwe ngokuphambanisa iwindi lokufaneleka lezinyanga eziyisithupha nomkhawulo wezinsuku ezingama-30 noma wezinsuku ezingama-90 wokuhlala, babale kabi iwashi lezinsuku ezingama-90/180 ngaphakathi kwe-European Schengen Area, noma ukulahlekelwa amadethi ngemva kokukhanselwa kwendiza noma ukulaliswa esibhedlela. Okwethusa nakakhulu ukufika esikhumulweni sezindiza sokusuka samazwe ngamazwe nethikithi elivumelekile elizomiswa kuphela endaweni yokulawula ukuphuma futhi waziswe ukuthi ungaphansi kokuqondisa noma kokwahlulela ukuvinjelwa kokuphuma (ukwenqatshelwa kokuhamba) ngenxa yebhili yesibhedlela engakhokhelwa, ingozi yomgwaqo, ingxabano yezentengiselwano, noma isitembu sokungena esilahlekile kupasipoti eshintshwayo.

Ngokungafani namazwe anjenge-United States, i-Canada, noma i-United Kingdom (okurekhodwa ukuthi isuke nge-elekthronikhi kusetshenziswa izibonisi zendiza kunezindawo zokuphuma ezingokoqobo), amazwe amaningi kulo lonke elaseYurophu, e-Asia, eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Latin America, nase-Afrika aphoqelela ukulawula ukuphuma okungokomzimba kokuphuma kwabantu kwamanye amazwe. Ukufika esangweni lokusuka esikhumulweni sezindiza nokuhlala isikhathi eseqile okungaxazululiwe noma ipasipoti yesimo esiphuthumayo engaxhunywanga kungabangela ukuphuthelwa kwezindiza, izinhlawulo zemali ezinkulu, ukuvalelwa kwabokufika abaqondisi, noma ukuvinjelwa kokuxoshwa iminyaka eminingi. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza indlela yokubala ukuchayeka kwakho ngokomthetho, ukuxazulula nini ukuhlala ngokweqile ehhovisi likamasipala lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe ngaphambi kokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza, indlela yokudlulisa i-visa yokungena kuphasiphothi eshintshwayo, kanye nendlela yokusebenza nenxusa lakho uma ubekwe ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa ukuphuma kwamanye amazwe.

Yenza lokhu manje¶

1. Khuluma nanoma iyiphi ingozi esheshayo engokomzimba noma inkinga yezokwelapha kuqala. Uma ubhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esikuvimbela ukuba uhambe ezweni ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-visa yakho, shayela inombolo yendawo yezimo eziphuthumayo (911 e-United States naseCanada, 112 kwi-European Union, 999 e-United Kingdom) usebenzisa yethu izinombolo eziphuthumayo lwemibhalo, futhi uthole isitifiketi esisemthethweni, esigxivizwe esibhedlela sokungena esibhedlela ukuze umise iwashi lakho lokuba khona elingekho emthethweni.
2. Yima futhi uhlole ukuthi izwe elisingethe leli lidinga imvume yokungena ngaphambi kwesikhumulo sezindiza uma kuqhathaniswa nenkokhelo yedeski lesikhumulo sezindiza ukuze uhlale isikhathi esithe xaxa. Ngaphambi kokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza nezikhwama zakho, qinisekisa umkhawulo wezwe elisingetheli oqondile wokuhlala isikhathi eside ngokweqile. Emazweni anjengeThailand noma iMexico, ukuhlala isikhathi esifushane kungakhokhelwa etafuleni lokusuka esikhumulweni sezindiza; emazweni afana ne-China (ukuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezikhathi zomusa ezincane), i-Vietnam, i-India (i-FRRO imvume yokuphuma ku-inthanethi iyadingeka), noma i-Russia, ebonakala esikhumulweni sezindiza ngaphandle kokuthola kuqala isikhulu esithi Exit Visa esivela kungqongqoshe wezangaphakathi siqinisekisa ukuthi uzokwenqatshelwa ukugibela.
3. Ungalokothi uzame ukushintsha isitembu sepasipoti, ukufumbathisa unogada wasemngceleni, noma ukweqa umngcele wezwe ongagadiwe. Ukuphazamisa isitembu sokuthuthela kwelinye izwe noma ukunikeza ukheshi ngokuqondile esikhulwini sasemngceleni esigqoke umfaniswano kuguqula isikhathi sokuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto sibe yicala lobugebengu elihambisana nesikhathi sasejele ngokushesha. Hlala ucela isiliphu sentela sikahulumeni esiphrintiwe esisemthethweni lapho ukhokha izinhlawulo ezisemthethweni zesikhathi eseqile efasiteleni elikhethiwe lokuthatha imali.
4. Uma uhamba nge-Emergency Passport entsha, qinisekisa ukuthi uyayidinga yini i-Exit Visa noma ukudluliselwa kwesitembu ngaphambi kokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza. Ezindaweni eziningi (okuhlanganisa i-China, i-India, iVietnam, i-Brazil, i-Russia, ne-Indonesia), onogada abaphuma esikhumulweni sezindiza bayokwenqaba ukukuvumela ukuthi uhambe ngedokhumenti yohambo oluphuthumayo elingenalutho kuze kube yilapho ihhovisi likazwelonke lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe likhipha isitembu sakho sokuqala.
5. Qoqa ubufakazi bedokhumentari obunenjongo uma ukuhlala kwakho okweqile kudalwe force majeure (ukulaliswa esibhedlela, inhlekelele yemvelo, noma ukuvalwa kwendawo yendiza). Qoqa izifinyezo zangempela zokukhishwa esibhedlela ezinesitembu, izincwadi zokukhansela zendiza, noma imibiko yobugebengu yamaphoyisa. Abaphathi bokufika endaweni ye-Schengen, e-United Kingdom, e-United States, nase-Asia banegunya elisemthethweni lokunikeza izandiso ze-visa ze-force majeure noma ukuhoxisa izinhlawulo ze-overstay kanye nokuvinjelwa kokungena kabusha lapho kwethulwa ubufakazi obubhaliwe.
6. Thinta uphiko lweNxusa Lenxusa Lakho Lwezakhamizi ngokushesha uma unqatshelwe ukuhamba ngenxa yokuvinjelwa ukuphuma kwezomthetho, ukuqashwa, noma ukwahlulela. Funda umhlahlandlela wethu ku inxusa kanye nosizo lwamanxusa futhi ushayele ulayini wemisebenzi wamahora angama-24 wenxusa lakho eliseduze. Nakuba inxusa lingakwazi ukweqa umthetho wokuphuma kwenkantolo yangaphandle noma likushushumbise likuwelise umngcele, izikhulu zenxusa zingathola isisekelo esisemthethweni sokubamba, zinikeze uhlu lwabameli bokufika bendawo kanye nabameli bezentengiselwano, futhi baqaphe inhlalakahle yakho.

flowchart TD
    A["Zitholele I-Visa Ephelelwe Isikhathi / Imvume Yokuhlala Noma Ukuphuma Inkinga Kwamanye Amazwe"] --> B{"Ithini Inkinga Yangempela Yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe?"}
    B -->|"Ukuhlala Isikhashana Ngengozi (Izinsuku Noma Amaviki)"| C{"Kungani Kwenzeke I-Overstay?"}
    B -->|"Ipasipothi Yokushintshwa Kwezimo Eziphuthumayo"| D["Hlola Umthetho Wezwe Lokusingatha: Ingabe Iphasiphothi Entsha Idinga Ukudluliselwa Kwerekhodi Lokungena / Ukuphuma Kwe-Visa?"]
    B -->|"Kumiswe Emngceleni Ngokuphuma Ekuvinjweni / Ukubanjwa Kokuvakasha"| E["Cela Isaziso Esibhaliwe Seziphathimandla Esikhipha Ukubamba (Inkantolo, Amaphoyisa, Intela, noma Umxhasi)"]
    C -->|"Ukulaliswa esibhedlela / Ukumiswa Kwendiza (Force Majeure)"| F["Thola Ubufakazi Obugxiviziwe Bezokwelapha / Benkampani Yezindiza + Faka isicelo Sesandiso Esivuselelwayo noma Ukuyekwa"]
    C -->|"Iphutha Lesibalo / Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi Ukhohlwe"| G{"Inqubo Yokusingathwa Kwezwe Lokuhlala Seqile?"}
    G -->|"Ideski Lempahla Yesikhumulo Sezindiza Livunyelwe (isb., Ukuhlala Isikhashana Esifushane)"| H["Fika Esikhumulweni Sezindiza Kusenesikhathi Ngamahora Ama-4 Uphethe Imali Yasendaweni Yangempela + Nethikithi Eliphumayo Elisemthethweni"]
    G -->|"Kudingeka Umnyango Wezangaphakathi / Ukusula kwe-FRRO"| I["Vakashela iHhovisi likaMasipala Lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe kanye Nommeli/I-Consul Advice ukuze Uthole I-Visa Yokuphuma"]
    D -->|"Yebo (isb., i-China PSB, i-India FRRO, i-Vietnam)"| I
    D -->|"Cha (isb., Schengen, UK, US, Canada)"| J["Phatha Umbiko Wamaphoyisa + Ikhophi Yepasipoti Yakudala + ETD Entsha uye Esikhumulweni Sezindiza"]
    E --> K["Shayela Ingxenye Yenxusa LeNxusa Lasekhaya + Gcina Umeluleki Wezomthetho Wasekhaya ukuze Uphakamise Ukubamba"]

Ukuqonda ukuthi amawashi e-visa ahluleka kanjani: izicupho ezivamile ezidala ukuhlala ngokweqile ngephutha¶

Abahambi abaningi abahlala isikhathi eside i-visa abazami ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe ngokungemthetho; bawela kwesinye sezicupho ezine zesakhiwo emthethweni wemingcele yamazwe ngamazwe:

1. Idethi yokuqinisekisa i-Visa uma iqhathaniswa nesikhathi esivunyelwe sokuhlala (I-I-94 / Isicupho Sesitembu Sokungena)¶

Isitikha se-visa noma i-visa ye-elekthronikhi (i-e-Visa) ephrintwe kupasipoti yakho iqukethe Idethi Yokukhishwa kanye Nedethi Yokuphelelwa Isikhathi (ngokwesibonelo, i-visa yesivakashi yonyaka ongu-1 noma engu-10). Lolo suku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi yiwindi kuphela ovunyelwe ukucela ngalo ukungena. Isikhathi Sokuhlala sakho esivunyelwe sisethwa isikhulu somngcele lapho ufika:

• E-United States: Ukuhlala kwakho okuvunyelwe kulawulwa Ukuvuma Kuze kube Idethi ku-electronic CBP Form I-94 (i94.cbp.dhs.gov), hhayi usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-visa foil kupasipoti yakho. Uma ipasipoti yakho iphelelwa yisikhathi ezinyangeni ezi-3, i-U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) ivamise ukufinyeza ukungena kwakho kwe-I-94 ukuze ifane nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwephasiphothi yakho kunokuba inikeze izinyanga eziyi-6, okwenza kube nephutha ukuhlala ngokweqile uma ungahloli irekhodi lakho le-I-94 ku-inthanethi.
• E-Asia naseLatin America: Ungase ube ne-visa yezinsuku ezingu-90, kodwa isikhulu esihlolayo sibhala "izinsuku ezingu-15" noma "izinsuku ezingu-30" ngepeni ngaphakathi kwesitembu sakho sokungena ngokusekelwe kokuthikithi lakho lokubuya. Ukwehluleka ukufunda inombolo ebhalwe ngesandla ngaphakathi kwesitembu lapho usuka kude nedokodo kuyimbangela evamile yokuhlala ngokweqile ngephutha.

2. Iwindi le-Schengen 90/180-day rolling vs. izinyanga zekhalenda¶

Kuwo wonke amazwe angama-29 aseYurophu e-Schengen Area, izivakashi ezingenama-visa (njengezakhamuzi zase-United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, nase-Japan) kanye nabanikazi be-visa yesikhashana ye-C bakhawulelwe izinsuku ezingu-90 kunoma yisiphi isikhathi esiyizinsuku eziyi-180 ngaphansi kweSigatshana 6(1) se-Schengen 9201 Ikhodi ye-Schengen / 9201 (EU)

• Kokubili usuku lwakho lokufika nosuku lwakho lokuhamba kubalwa njengezinsuku ezigcwele: Ngisho noma indiza yakho ifika ngo-23:50 (11:50 PM) futhi isuka ngo-00:15 (12:15 AM), zombili izinsuku zekhalenda zibalwa njengezinsuku ezimbili ezigcwele uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhawulo wakho wezinsuku ezingu-90.
• Izinsuku ezingu-90 AKALINGANI nezinyanga ezintathu zekhalenda: Ngenxa yokuthi uJulayi no-Agasti ngayinye inezinsuku ezingu-31 (kanti uMeyi no-Okthoba nabo banezinsuku ezingu-31), ukuhlala kusukela ngoJuni 1 kuya ku-Agasti 31 izinsuku ezingu-92, okuwukuhlala okweqile okuzenzakalelayo kwezinsuku ezingu-2 okucupha ifulegi ku-biometric Entry/Exit System (EES) *Isistimu Yolwazi ye-European Union. Schen II System (SISgen Information System)**.
• Ukubheka emuva kwezinsuku eziyi-180: Kunoma iluphi usuku ungaphakathi kwendawo ye-Schengen, ikhompuyutha yasemngceleni ibheka emuva ezinsukwini ezingu-180 kusukela ngalolo suku futhi ibala usuku nosuku olulodwa oluchithe kunoma yiziphi izifundazwe ezingamalungu angu-29.

3. Ukubambezeleka kwendiza yaphakathi kwamabili kanye nokulawulwa kwamaphasiphothi kwangemva kwamabili¶

Ake sithi i-visa yakho yezinsuku ezingu-30 iphelelwa yisikhathi ngo-Okthoba 15, futhi ubhukha indiza yamazwe ngamazwe ehamba ngo-00:45 (12:45 AM) ngo-Okthoba 16. Uma udlula endaweni yokuphuma ngokomzimba yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe ngo-22:30 (10:30 PM) ngo-Okthoba 15 ngaphambi kwaphakathi kwamabili, isitembu sakho sokuphuma sibonisa ukuthi uthobela umthetho ka-Okthoba 15. Kodwa-ke, uma indiza yakho ibambezeleka kuze kube sekuseni kwangomhla ka-16 Okthoba, noma uma ungena kulayini wokuthuthela kwelinye izwe ngo-00:05 ngemva kwaphakathi kwamabili, isango le-biometric lirekhoda ukuphuma ngo-Okthoba 16, okuwuchwepheshe usuku olungu-1 lokuhlala ngokweqile.

4. Izimvume zokuhlala kwamanye amazwe eziphelelwe yisikhathi (Carte de Séjour, TIE, Aufenthaltstitel, noma Imvume Yokusebenza)¶

Abakwamanye amazwe, abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe, kanye nezisebenzi ezikude ezihlala phesheya ngokuvamile bafaka izicelo zokuvuselela ikhadi labo lendawo yokuhlala ngaphambi kokuba liphelelwe yisikhathi, kuphela balinde izinyanga ngaphakathi kokusilela emuva komsebenzi ngesikhathi bephethe irisidi yesikhashana yephepha (récépissé eFrance, Fiktionsbescheinigung eJalimane, noma Autorización de Regreso eSpain). Uma ushiya izwe noma udlula ezweni lesithathu elingaphakathi kwendawo ye-Schengen uphethe kuphela ikhadi lokuhlala eliphelelwe yisikhathi kanye nesiliphu sesicelo sikamasipala esingaziwa, amaphoyisa asemngceleni endaweni yezokuthutha angase akuthathe njengomuntu ohlala ngokweqile oye wasebenzisa imali yawo yezinsuku ezingama-90.

Imiphumela ye-Global overstay nezinqubo zokuxazulula ngomthetho¶

Imithetho elawula ukuhlala okweqile kwe-visa ihluka kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ngaphambi kokuthi uhambe uye ekhawuntani yabafikayo esikhumulweni sezindiza, khomba ukuthi yimuphi umthetho osebenza ezweni okulo.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwezinhlawulo zokuhlala ngokweqile, izinqubo zokuphuma, nokuvinjelwa kokungena kabusha¶

Iphrothokholi yesinyathelo nesinyathelo: Ungakuxazulula kanjani ukuhlala ngokweqile ngephutha ngaphambi kokuhamba¶

Uma uqaphela namuhla ukuthi ukuhlala kwakho okuvunyelwe sekuphelelwe yisikhathi (noma kuzophelelwa yisikhathi ngaphambi kokuthi uphume ngokoqobo ezweni), landela lezi zinyathelo ngokulandelana:

Isinyathelo 1: Hlola inani losuku lwakho oluqondile futhi uhlole isikhathi somusa esisemthethweni¶

Khipha ipasipoti yakho, uhlole isitembu sokufaka uyinki esibonakalayo noma irekhodi lokufika ledijithali (elifana ne-US CBP I-94, i-Australia VEVO, noma i-New Zealand NZeTA), bese ubala ingqikithi yezinsuku zekhalenda okuhlanganisa kokubili usuku ofike ngalo nanamuhla.

• Hlola ukuthi sikhona yini isikhathi somusa sokuphatha esifushane: Idlanzana lendawo linikeza inqubo encane yokuphatha (isibonelo, i-Indonesia ikhokhisa i-IDR engu-1,000,000 ngosuku ngokuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-60 ezikhokhelwa esikhumulweni sezindiza; I-Migración Colombia yase-Colombia ivumela isinqumo sokuzithandela endaweni Yesikhungo Sesikhungo ngaphambi kohambo).
• Hlukanisa phakathi kwangaphansi nangaphezulu komkhawulo wokuvinjelwa: Bheka ithebula elingenhla. Uma use-United States futhi usuhlale kakhulu ngezinsuku eziyi-165, ukuhamba ezweni ngaphambi koSuku 180 kubalulekile ngoba ukuhamba ngoSuku 179 kugwema ibha esemthethweni yokuba khona okungekho emthethweni yeminyaka emi-3 ngaphansi kwe-INA § 212(a)(9)(B), kuyilapho ukuhamba ngoSuku 181 kuvula isikhwama esizenzakalelayo seminyaka emi-3. E-United Kingdom, ukuhamba ngokuzithandela phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-30 zokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-visa kugwema ukuvinjelwa kokungena kabusha okuyizinyanga eziyi-12. E-Thailand, ukuzinikela ngokuzithandela esikhumulweni sezindiza ngaphambi koSuku lwama-90 kugwema uhlu oluvinjelwe unyaka ongu-1.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Ifayela lesandiso se-retroactive Force Majeure uma ulaliswe esibhedlela noma usekelwe phansi¶

Uma ukuhlala kwakho okweqile kubangelwe isigameko esingaphezu kwamandla akho, njengokulaliswa esibhedlela ngokuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo, umyalelo wokuvalelwa, inhlekelele yemvelo, noma ukuvalwa kungazelelwe kwendawo yezindiza kazwelonke, ungamane ukhuphuke uye endaweni yokuphuma njengomuntu ohlala ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesizathu:

• E-European Union (Indawo ye-Schengen): Ngaphansi kweSigatshana 33(1) se-EU Visa Code (Regulation (EC) No 810/2009), amazwe angamalungu azokwelula isikhathi sokuqinisekisa kanye nesikhathi sokuhlala kwe-visa ekhishiwe mahhala uma umnikazi enikeza ubufakazi bokuphoqelela izizathu noma**ukuzivimbela ekuphelelweni yisikhathi. Ngisho nakubahambi bezinsuku ezingu-90 abangenayo i-visa, iziphathimandla zezokufika kuzwelonke (Ausländerbehörde e-Germany, Préfecture e-France, Questura e-Italy, Oficina de Extranjería e-Spain) zingakhipha imvume yokuhlala yesikhashana ekuvikela efulegeni lokuhlala isikhathi eseqile le-SIS II.
• E-United States: Abahambi abaku-visa ye-B-1/B-2 ababhekene nesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha bangafayela Ifomu le-USCIS I-539 ku-inthanethi ngaphambi kokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwe-I-94, noma bacele isandiso se-nunc pro tunc (retroactive) ngokusekelwe ezimeni ezingavamile. Abahambi abaku-Visa Waiver Program (ESTA), abavamise ukuvinjelwa ukuthi banwebe ukuhlala kwabo kwezinsuku ezingu-90, bangaxhumana ne-USCIS Field Office noma I-CBP Deferred Inspection Site ngencwadi kadokotela wesibhedlela ukuze bacele usizo olukhethekile Izinsuku ezingu-30 Zokusuka Ngokugculisayo ngaphansi kwe-8 CFR § 8 CFR.3(2)
• Yimaphi amadokhumenti okufanele uwaphathe ngokuphindwe kabili:
  1. Incwadi yoqobo ebhalwe ngencwadi yesibhedlela esemthethweni esayinwe futhi yagxivizwa udokotela okhona ethi awukulungele ngokwezempilo ukundiza usuka. [Start Date] ku [End Date].
  2. Isiqinisekiso esibhaliwe esivela enkampanini yakho yezindiza esibonisa ithikithi lakho lokubuyisela elithobela imithetho kanye nosuku okukhanselwe ngalo noma okuphinde kwabhukwa ngalo.
  3. Ubufakazi bokukhokhelwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kanye nomshuwalense wokuvakasha.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Nquma ukuthi uzoyisusa yini indawo yokuhlala ngokweqile ehhovisi likamasipala uma uqhathaniswa nedeski lokusuka esikhumulweni sezindiza¶

• Lapho KUMELE usule i-overstay NGAPHAMBI kokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza:
  • I-India: Thola Imvume yokuphuma ku-inthanethi e-FRRO yokuphuma (indianfrro.gov.in) ngaphambi kokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza.
  • I-China: Bika kumasipala Ihhovisi Lokuvikeleka Komphakathi (PSB) Lokuphuma Nokulawulwa Kokungena ukuze ukhokhe inhlawulo yakho futhi uthole i-visa esemthethweni yokuphuma/yokuhlala.
  • I-Vietnam: Ukuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kudinga imvume yokuphuma kwe-visa ngokusebenzisa i-Vietnam Immigration Department ngaphambi kokungena esikhumulweni sezindiza.
  • I-Brazil & Colombia: Fika ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma usule inhlawulo kusengaphambili ukuze ukhokhe isiliphu senkokhelo sePolícia Federal noma Migración esiteshini sasebhange.
• Uma usula i-overstay AT esikhumulweni sezindiza sokusuka:
  • Emazweni lapho izinhlawulo zesikhathi esigcwele ziqoqwa endaweni yokusuka esikhumulweni sezindiza (njenge-Thailand izinsuku ezingaphansi kwezingu-90, i-Indonesia izinsuku ezingaphansi kwezingu-60, ideski le-Mexico INM, Turkey İkamet, noma i-UAE ngokuhlala isikhathi esifushane), fika esikhumulweni sezindiza samazwe ngamazwe okungenani amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-5 ngaphambi kokuhamba kwakho okuhleliwe kwendiza.
  • Phatha okungenani amaphesenti angu-150 enhlawulo elindelwe ngemali yasendaweni eduze nekhadi lesikweletu lamazwe ngamazwe elivuliwe noma ledebhithi. Amadokodo amaningi okufika kwabantu esikhumulweni sezindiza amukela imali yendawo kuphela futhi awanawo amatheminali amakhadi ngaphakathi kwendawo evikelekile.

Isinyathelo sesi-4: Isikripthi sokuzethula ngokuthula edeskini lomphathi wabokufika¶

Lapho usondela efasiteleni likamasipala lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe noma ideski lomphathi womngcele wesikhumulo sezindiza, gqoka kahle, gcina izwi lakho linenhlonipho, futhi wethule imibhalo yakho ehlelwe kufolda. Sebenzisa lesi script:

"Sawubona, Mphathi. Ngibika ngokuzithandela ukuhlala ngokweqile kokungenhloso kwezinsuku ezingu-[X] [ku-visa yami yezivakashi / isitembu sokungena]. Nginendiza ephumayo eqinisekisiwe ehamba ngo-[Idethi/Isikhathi] eya [ezweni Lasekhaya], futhi ngilethe iphasi lami lokugibela, ipasipoti yami, [imibhalo yami yezokwelapha/yendiza, uma ikhona], kanye nephutha lomthetho ukuze ngikhokhele ukheshi ngokushesha. ukuxazulula lokhu kahle ngaphansi kwemithetho yakho ngaphambi kokuhamba."

Isicupho sokuphuma se-"Blank Emergency Passport": ukudlulisa i-visa yakho yokungena ngaphambi kokundiza¶

Esinye sezimo ezishaqisayo abahambi ababhekana nazo ngemva kokugetshengwa phesheya okwenzeka ngemuva sebevele bavakashele ihhovisi lenxusa labo bathola ozongena esikhundleni. ilahleke iphasiphothi noma incwadi yokuhamba. Ungena esikhumulweni sezindiza ne-Iphasipoti Yesimo Esiphuthumayo esanda kuphrintwa, esanda kuphrintwa, noma Idokhumenti Yezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETD), uyinikeze umenzeli wokungena wenkampani yezindiza noma unogada womngcele wezwe elisingethe, futhi ngokushesha unqatshelwe imvume yokuphuma ezweni.

Kungani iphasiphothi yezimo eziphuthumayo engenalutho ivimba ukuhamba kwakho emazweni aqinile alawula ukuphuma¶

Emazweni anemithetho eqinile yokubhalisa abantu abaphumayo, igunya elingokomthetho lesikhulu somngcele ophumayo siwukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungene kanjani futhi nini ezweni futhi aqinisekise ukuthi awungenanga ngokungemthetho noma uhlale ngokweqile. Ngenxa yokuthi ipasipoti yakho entsha yezimo eziphuthumayo yanyatheliswa ngaphakathi kwenxusa lakwamanye amazwe ngaphakathi kwenhloko-dolobha yabo, amakhasi ayo awanalutho nhlobo, aqukethe ayikho i-visa yokungena futhi asikho isitembu somngcele wokufika.

Amazwe adinga i-Visa Yokuphuma eyisibopho noma Ukudluliselwa Kwerekhodi Lokungena ngaphambi kokusuka kwesikhumulo sezindiza¶

Uma iphasiphothi yakho ilahleka noma yebiwe kunoma iyiphi yalezi zindawo ezilandelayo, ungahambi usuka ehhovisi lenxusa lakho uye esikhumulweni sezindiza ngaphandle kokuhlola le mfuneko:

1. People's Republic of China: Ngemva kokuthola umbiko wakho wamaphoyisa (Irisidi Lombiko) kanye nephasipoti yakho entsha yezimo eziphuthumayo ehhovisi lenxusa lakho, kufanele uthathe womabili amadokhumenti (kanye nehhotela lakho lasendaweni Ifomu Lokubhaliswa Kwendawo Yokuhlala Yesikhashana) kumasipala Ihhovisi Lokuvikeleka Komphakathi (PSB) Ukuphuma Nokulawulwa Kokungena. I-PSB ithatha izinsuku zebhizinisi ezi-2 kuya kwezi-5 ukuze iqinisekise okufakile kwakho kwebhayomethrikhi yasekuqaleni futhi inamathisele incwadi esemthethweni I-Visa Yokuphuma YamaShayina (Imvume Yokuhlala) kupasipoti yakho entsha.
2. I-India: Ngemva kokuthi inxusa lakho likhiphe i-Emergency Passport noma i-ETD entsha, kufanele ungene ngemvume kuphothali ye- Indian Bureau of Immigration e-FRRO (indianfrro.gov.in) bese ufaka isicelo Semvume Yokuphuma (Isigaba Sepasipoti Elahlekile), ulayishe uMbiko Wolwazi Wokuqala wamaphoyisa (FIR), incwadi evela kwinxusa lakho eqinisekisa ukushintshwa kwenombolo yepasipoti endala, kanye nohambo lwakho lwendiza.
3. I-Vietnam: Abahambi abasebenzisa iphasiphothi eshintshwayo kufanele bafake isicelo kwi-Vietnam Immigration Department e-Hanoi, e-Ho Chi Minh City, noma e-Da Nang (besebenzisa i-Form NA5 eduze nombiko wamaphoyisa endawo kanye nencwadi yenxusa lenxusa) ukuze bathole enye indawo Ukuphuma kwe-Visa ngaphambi kokundiza, okuthatha izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kwezi-5 zokusebenza.
4. I-Russian Federation: Izizwe zakwamanye amazwe azikwazi ukuphuma e-Russia ngephasipoti eshintshayo engenalutho ngaphandle kwesikhulu I-Visa yokuphuma ekhishwe Uphiko Oluyinhloko Lwezindaba Zokufuduka Lomnyango Wezindaba Zangaphakathi (i-GUVM MVD).
5. I-Indonesia: Ngemva kokuthola umbiko wakho wokulahlekelwa kwamaphoyisa kanye nepasipoti yezimo eziphuthumayo yenxusa, kufanele uvakashele indawo eseduze Kantor Imigrasi (Ihhovisi Lokufika) ukuze izikhulu zikwazi ukudonsa irekhodi lakho lebhayomethrikhi lokufika kwasekuqaleni bese beka Isitembu Sokuphuma Esimeni Esiphuthumayo / EPO exhumanisa izinombolo zakho zepasipoti ezindala nezintsha ngaphambi kokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza.

Ukuxazulula ukuvinjelwa kokuphuma kwamanye amazwe, ukubanjwa kohambo, nokuthathwa kwephasipoti¶

Ukuvinjelwa kokuphuma (okubuye kubizwe ngokuthi i-departure prohibition order, ukuvinjelwa kohambo, noma ukubanjwa kohlu lokumiswa komngcele) kuwumyalelo osemthethweni obekwe ohlelweni lwekhompiyutha emngceleni wezwe ovimbela umuntu othize ukuba ashiye izwe, ngisho nalapho ipasipoti yakhe kanye ne-visa kusebenza.

Izimbangela ezivamile zokuvinjelwa kokuphuma kwamanye amazwe kubahambi nabaphuma kwamanye amazwe¶

• Izikweletu zesibhedlela ezingakhokhelwa noma ukushayisana kwezimoto zomgwaqo okungaqinisekisiwe: Emazweni amaningi eMpumalanga Ephakathi, e-Asia, naseLatin America, uma ubangela ukushayisana kwemoto noma isithuthuthu esilimaza isakhamuzi sendawo, noma uma uthola isikweletu esikhulu sesibhedlela esizimele esingakaqinisekiswa umshwalense wakho, isibhedlela noma umuntu olimele angathola iphoyisa noma inkantolo yomphakathi ukuvinjelwa kokuhamba esikhumulweni sezindiza kuze kube yilapho iqala ukukuvimba ithunyelwe.
• Izingxabano zezentengiselwano, zenkontileka, zentela, noma zezikweletu: Abahambi bebhizinisi, abaqondisi bezinkampani, noma abaphuma kwamanye amazwe ezindaweni ezifana ne-China, i-United Arab Emirates, i-Qatar, i-Saudi Arabia, noma i-Vietnam bangafakwa ngaphansi kwesivimbelo sokuphuma emphakathini uma inkampani yabo yasendaweni noma ibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe lihileleka ecaleni lesikweletu elingakhokhelwa, ingxabano yezabasebenzi, noma ukucwaningwa kwamabhuku entela okungekona okomuntu siqu.
• Izingxabano zokukhanselwa kwe-visa yokuqashwa (Umxhasi / uKafala uphethe): Ezifundeni ze-Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nasezingxenyeni ezithile zase-Asia, uma umqashi efayela umbiko olahlekile noma ehluleka ukukhansela ngokusemthethweni i-visa yakho yokuhlala lapho wesula, isango lomngcele elizenzakalelayo lizokuvimbela ukuphuma kwakho kuze kube yilapho ingxabano yezabasebenzi isuliwe nge-Ministry of Human Resources noma i-im.
• Umthetho wokugcinwa kwengane kanye nomthetho womndeni uphethe: Izingane zamazwe amabili noma abazali ababandakanyeka esahlukaniso noma engxabanweni yelungelo lokukhulisa umntwana endaweni yangaphandle bangabekwa ngaphansi kwenkantolo ne-exeat esheshayo* (ungasuki) yokubanjwa komngcele ngesicelo somunye umzali.

Okufanele ukwenze uma uvinjelwa ukuphuma esikhumulweni sezindiza¶

1. Hlala uzolile futhi ungazami ukugijima noma ukubhuka ibhasi/isitimela esiya emngceleni wezwe. Uma isikhumulo sezindiza sikazwelonke siphuma kukhompuyutha sikuhlaba umkhosi ngokuvinjelwa ukuphuma, yonke imingcele yezwe, indawo yesikebhe, nezikhumulo zemikhumbi kulelo zwe zabelana ngedatha emaphakathi efanayo ncamashi. Ukuzama ukunyonyoba ngokuwela umngcele oqhelile ngemva kokwaziswa ngokuvinjelwa kokuphuma kuguqula isikweletu somphakathi noma ukubanjwa kofakazi kube icala lobugebengu ngokuwela umngcele ngokungemthetho.
2. Buza umphathi womngcele ngegunya eliqondile elikhiphayo, inombolo yecala, kanye nesizathu sokubamba:
   • Ngesizotha buza: "Ungakwazi yini ukubhala phansi igama eliqondile lenkantolo, indawo yamaphoyisa, noma inkonzo ebeke lo mkhawulo wokuhamba, kanye nenombolo yereferensi yecala, ukuze ummeli wami kanye nenxusa lami baxhumane nabo?"
   • Thatha isithombe sanoma yisiphi isiliphu sokwala-ukusuka esibhaliwe osinikezwe wena kuphela uma kuvunyelwe isikhulu; ungalokothi uthwebule ngaphakathi kwedokodo elivinjelwe ngaphandle kwemvume.
3. Shayela iyunithi yakho yeNxusa Lase-American Citizen Services / Consular Assistance ngokushesha:
   • Bika ukuthi uvinjelwe ukuphuma ezweni ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa kokuphuma.
   • Buza isikhulu senxusa ngohlu lwazo oluhloliwe lwabameli basendaweni abakhuluma isiNgisi abasebenza ngokukhethekile kwezokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, ukumangalela ngezohwebo, noma ukuvikela ubugebengu, futhi usayine ukuhoxiswa koMthetho Wobumfihlo ukuze inxusa likwazi ukulandelela isimo sakho futhi lazise umndeni wakho.
4. Ungalokothi unikeze ipasipoti yakho ephathekayo kumnikazi wendawo ozimele, umqashi, ihhotela, noma uzakwethu webhizinisi:
   • Nakuba inkantolo kahulumeni wangaphandle noma iziphathimandla zamaphoyisa zinamandla amakhulu okushaqa iphasiphothi ngesikhathi sophenyo, abantu abazimele, abaqashi, amahhotela, nezibhedlela azinawo igunya elingokomthetho lokushaqa ipasipoti kahulumeni wangaphandle. Uma inhlangano yangasese ibambe ipasipoti yakho ukuze ikuthathele imali, vakashela inxusa lakho ngokushesha. Inxusa lakho lingafuna ngokusemthethweni ukuthi libuyiswe kuziphathimandla zendawo noma likhansele iphasiphothi ebanjiwe futhi likunikeze ipasipoti entsha yezimo eziphuthumayo (nakuba usazodinga ukuxazulula noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa okusemthethweni kokuphuma kwekhompyutha okuyalelwe yinkantolo).
5. Lungiselela indawo yokuhlala enwetshiwe kanye nokulondolozwa kwe-visa ngenkathi ukuvinjelwa kusamangalelwa:
   • Isinyathelo esibalulekile: Uma inkantolo yomphakathi ibeka umthetho ovimbela ukuphuma kuwe, isivakashi sakho esiyisisekelo noma i-visa yomsebenzi isaqhubeka nokuphelelwa yisikhathi. Qiniseka ukuthi ummeli wakho wendawo uthumela ngokushesha isandiso semvume yokuhlala yosizo lwesintu/yecala lokumangalelana nehhovisi labathuthela kwelinye izwe ukuze ungatholi ngesikhathi esisodwa izinhlawulo ezingekho emthethweni zokuhlala weqile kuyilapho unqatshelwe ngokusemthethweni ukuphuma ezweni.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa¶

Uma i-passport yami iphelelwa yisikhathi ngenkathi ngiphesheya, ingabe lokho kusho ukuthi ngiye ngahlala ngokweqile i-visa yami?¶

Akunjalo, nakuba kufanele uyivuselele enxusa lakho ngokushesha. E-United States nakwamanye amazwe amaningana, izikhulu zasemngceleni zisetha ukuhlala kwakho okuvunyelwe (okufana nefomu lakho le-CBP I-94 Yamukela Kuze Kube Usuku) ukuthi liphele ngosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwepasipoti yakho, ngisho noma i-visa yakho ngokuvamile ingavumela ukuhlala izinyanga ezingu-6. Hlola isitembu sakho sokufika noma irekhodi le-electronic I-94 ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukuhlala kwakho okuvunyelwe kufinyeziwe ukuze kufane nosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi kwephasiphothi yakho. Uma usuthole ipasipoti entsha ehhovisi lenxusa lakho, phatha ipasipoti yakho endala ephelelwe yisikhathi kanye nepasipoti yakho entsha ndawonye lapho uphuma.

Ngingakwazi yini ukweqa ngiye ezweni elingumakhelwane intambama eyodwa bese ngibuya ngizomisa kabusha iwashi lami lezinsuku ezingu-90?¶

Ukuthi ukugijima komngcele kuyasebenza kuncike ekutheni indawo ethile isebenzisa umkhawulo wokungena ngakunye noma iwindi eliqongelelayo eligoqayo. Emazweni angu-29 ase-Europe e-Schengen Area, kanye naseTurkey nase-United Kingdom, ukugijima kwemingcele akulisethi kabusha iwashi lakho uma ususebenzise izinsuku ezingu-90 ezinsukwini ezingu-180 ezedlule; ukushiya indawo ye-Schengen ngempelasonto eLondon noma e-Istanbul kukushiya unezinsuku eziyiziro ezisele. Ngisho nasemazweni ayekuvumela ngokomlando ukuhlala kwezivakashi lapho kungena izivakashi, ama-ejensi asemngceleni aphoqelela ama-visa emngceleni wezwe futhi anqabele ukungena futhi kubahambi abazama ukuhlala ezweni ngezitembu zabavakashi ezibuyela emuva.

Ingabe ngizoboshwa esikhumulweni sezindiza uma ngivela ukuze ngindize ngiye ekhaya ne-visa ephelelwe yisikhathi e-United States noma e-United Kingdom?¶

E-United States nase-United Kingdom, abagibeli bezindiza abahamba njalo ababoshwa esangweni lokusuka lesikhumulo sezindiza ngenxa nje yokuba ne-visa ephelelwe yisikhathi ngaphandle uma benencwadi egunyaza ukuboshwa kobugebengu noma ukubamba umthetho. Nokho, ukuhamba kwakho kurekhodwa nge-elekthronikhi nge-manifest yomgibeli wendiza, okuqalisa noma yimiphi imigoqo esemthethweni yokungena kabusha (njengamabha wokuba khona ngokungemthetho weminyaka emi-3 noma engu-10 e-United States noma ukuvinjelwa kokungena kabusha kwezinyanga eziyi-12 e-United Kingdom) ngesikhathi indiza yakho isuka.

Ngingathola kanjani ngaphambi kokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza uma uzakwethu webhizinisi noma umkweletwayo engibekele ukuvinjelwa kokuphuma e-UAE?¶

E-United Arab Emirates, izakhamuzi nezivakashi zingabheka ukuvinjelwa kohambo lwamaphoyisa noma lwezezimali ku-inthanethi ngaphambi kokuya esikhumulweni sezindiza, njengase-Dubai ngohlelo Lokusebenza Lwamaphoyisa lwase-Dubai noma Iwebhusayithi (isevisi "Yesimo Sobugebengu Samacala Ezezimali" usebenzisa i-ID yakho ye-Emirates noma imininingwane yephasipoti) noma ngengosi yophenyo ye-Estafser e-Abu Dhabi, noma ngokuthi ummeli wendawo ahlole uhlelo lokuthuthela kwelinye izwe. Ungalokothi ungene esikhumulweni sezindiza ukuze uhlole ukuthi incwadi egunyaza ukuboshwa noma ukuvinjelwa kohambo iyasebenza yini, njengoba indilinga ebukhoma emngceleni wesikhumulo sezindiza iphumela ekuboshweni.

Imithombo ihloliwe¶

• European Union / EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2016/399 (Schengen Borders Code), Article 6 (Entry Conditions and 90/180-Day Rule) & Regulation (EC) No 810/2009 (Visa Code), Article 33 (Extension of Visa for Force Majeure) I-European Union noma i-European Union).
• Izinkonzo Zase-United States Zobuzwe Nezokufuduka (USCIS) & Customs and Border Protection (CBP): Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) § 212(a)(9)(B) (Iminyaka emi-3 neminyaka eyi-10 Amabha Ukuba Khona Ngokungekho emthethweni), INA § 222(g) §8 §Automatic CFR),I-Visa 217.3(a) (Ukusuka Okugculisayo Kwabahambi Be-Visa Waiver) (United States).
• Ihhovisi Lasekhaya Lase-United Kingdom: Imithetho Yokuthuthela kwelinye izwe Ingxenye 9: Izizathu Zokwenqaba Nezikhathi Zokuvinjelwa Ukuphinda Ungene Kumuntu Ohlala Ngokuphindaphindiwe (Izigaba 9.8.1 kuya ku-9.8.7) (United Kingdom).
• Ungqongqoshe Wezasekhaya, Uhulumeni Wase-India (Isikhungo Sezokufika): i-e-FRRO Izinqubo Ezijwayelekile Zokusebenza Zokulawulwa Ngokuhlala Kweqile kanye Nezimvume Zokuphuma Kwephasiphothi Elahlekile (India).
• I-National Immigration Administration (NIA), People's Republic of China: Umthetho Wokulawula Ukuphuma Nokungena we-PRC, I-Athikili 78 (Izinhlawulo Ze-Overstay) kanye Nezinqubo Zokushintshwa Kwepasipoti Yokuphuma/Yokuhlala (China).

Iziqondiso ezihlobene¶

• Usizo lwenxusa kanye nenxusa
• Iphasipoti elahlekile noma izincwadi zokuhamba
• Uboshiwe noma uvalelwe kwelinye izwe
• Ukuvalelwa komngcele, ukusesha kwefoni, nokunqatshelwa kokungena
• Uhla lwemibhalo lwezinombolo eziphuthumayo