Ikhiyelwe Ngaphakathi Kwesiqandisi Sokuhweba Esingena Ngaphakathi noma Isiqandisi: Ukukhishwa Okuphuthumayo Nokusinda¶

Ama-cooler entengiselwano (asebenza ku-1 kuya ku-4 degrees Celsius / 34 kuya ku-40 degrees Fahrenheit) neziqandisi ezingenayo (ezisebenza ku-minus 18 ukuya ku-30 degrees Celsius / 0 kuya ku-22 degrees Fahrenheit, ezineziqandisi eziyisipesheli ezishisa izikhotha ezifinyelela ku-40 degrees Celsius minusrenheit40 degrees Celsius) amagumbi afakwe i-polyurethane-core afakwe kakhulu emakhishini ezindawo zokudlela, ezitolo ezinkulu, amahhotela, izibhedlela, izindawo zokuphisa utshwala, nasezindaweni zokugcina izinto ezibandayo. Yonke iminyango yesimanje yokungena iyadingeka ngokomthetho ukuthi ibe ne-interior glow-in-the-dark security release plunger (noma ibha yokwethuka ye-push-rod) eklanyelwe ukukhipha ilokhi yangaphandle bese ivula i-latch kusukela ngaphakathi. Nokho izisebenzi kanye nababukele basavaleleke ngaphakathi kwamafriji abahamba ngawo njalo ngonyaka lapho umoya oswakeme ovuzayo umisa ipulangwe langaphakathi lokuphepha liqine ngaphakathi komkhono walo wethusi, lapho i-fiberglass push-rod enentambo ivuliwe noma ihlwithwa umthelela we-pallet jack, lapho inqwaba yamabhokisi afriziwe noma isitaki esigoqayo sesicabha sokuvala isivalo sebhikawozi uma sivala isicabha sebhikawozi sikhulula isicabha esiphuma ngaphandle. i-jams kumzila wayo ongaphezulu.

Ngaphakathi kwesiqandisi okungena kuso ukuhweba esiku-minus 23 degrees Celsius (minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit), abalandeli beyunithi ye-evaporator bavuthela umoya ongaphansi kweziro onesivinini esikhulu ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kwebhokisi, okudala umoya ovunguzayo obandayo ongaba ngaphansi kuka-35 degrees Celsius (minus 31 degrees Fahrenheit) okhumula ihembe elishisayo lekhishi likakotini elishunqa isisebenzi sikakotini. imizuzu. Okubi nakakhulu, inqwaba yezindlu zokupholisa eziphuma esiphuzweni i-carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) yotshwala obusalungiswa nemithombo yesoda, noma ngaphakathi ezindlini zokugcina izimpahla ezipholiswe nge-anhydrous ammonia (\(NH_3\)) noma i-nitrogen ewuketshezi, isifakelo esivuzayo siphendule ibhokisi elivaliwe libe yindlu ebulalayo ngokushesha. Ukwazi ukuthi ungayikhulula kanjani i-plunger ekhanyayo yangaphakathi eqandisiwe ngaphandle kokuhlwitha isigqoko sayo sepulasitiki, indlela yokuqaqa indlu yesiteleka sangaphakathi noma ukusunduza i-gasket kazibuthe, indlela yokuvala noma ukuvimba amafeni e-evaporator angaphezulu ukuze amise ukulahlekelwa ukushisa okuguquguqukayo, kanye nendlela yokuyicupha i-alamu yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu yasekhishini ukuze ibize ukuhlenga isindisa izimpilo; gcina indawo yangakini izinombolo eziphuthumayo kulondoloziwe, futhi ubuyekeze i-hypothermia kanye ne-frostbite usizo lokuqala, i-carbon dioxide kanye ne-ice asphyxiation eyomile, futhi ukuphelelwa umoya endaweni evalekile.

Yenza lokhu manje¶

1. Hlola umoya wakho futhi uhlole iphunga elintinyelayo noma isiyezi esingazelelwe emizuzwaneni engu-3 yokuqala. Uma umuntu ongena endlini ephethe amathangi kabhiya/isoda i-carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) amathangi futhi uzwe i-carbonic-acid ehlabayo ebukhali emakhaleni akho noma ukuphelelwa umoya ngokuzumayo, noma uma uzwa iphunga elihlabayo ammonia esiqandisini noma uvule isiqandisi se-ammonia* ngemizuzwana engu-3* noma uvule isiqandisi esingaphansi kwemizuzwana engu-3* phihliza iwindi lokubonisa ingilazi ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa ukwazi.
2. Thola inkinobho yokuphepha eyindilinga ekhazimulayo ebumnyameni ngaphakathi komnyango (ngisho noma izibani zivaliwe) bese uyiphushela ngaphandle iqonde ngaphandle usebenzisa intende yesandla esiyisicaba. Ungalithi ungali ishaye ifindo emaceleni noma uyikhahlele ngesithende sakho sebhuthi, ehlwitha induku ye-fiberglass yangaphakathi; uma iqhwa libambe i-plunger, ncibilikisa noma uqhekeze umkhono weqhwa usebenzisa ukufudumala kwezandla zakho ezingenalutho kanye nomoya oshisayo noma ngokuthepha kancane uzungeze ikhola yensimbi ngaphambi kokuphusha uqonde ngqo.
3. Uma isicabha sivimbelwe ngaphandle noma i-plunger rod iphukile, MISA ukubanda komoya obandayo ngokushesha ngokuvala noma uvimbele amafeni okufutha umhwamuko angaphezulu. Bheka ibhokisi le-evaporator elibekwe ophahleni noma eduze kweswishi yokukhanya yangaphakathi ye-fan toggle switch (noma ukhiphe intambo yamandla yesifeni ephothiwe emfushane eceleni kwesiphephelo se-jam esivuthela ngaphambili) Umoya ongaphansi kweziro uyayeka ukuqhumisa emzimbeni wakho.
4. UNGALOKOTHI uthinte izandla ezingenalutho ezimanzi, iminwe, noma izindebe ngokuqondile kuma-aluminum evaporator angenalutho, ezindongeni zensimbi engagqwali, noma amashelufu ensimbi angaphansi kuka-20 degrees Celsius (minus 4 degrees Fahrenheit). Isikhumba esimanzi sibanda ngaso leso sikhathi siye ensimbi engaphansi kweziro uma sithintwa; ngaso sonke isikhathi bopha izandla zakho ngephinifa elomile, amakhadibhodi, noma imikhono yehembe lakho ngaphambi kokuphatha izingxenye zeminyango yensimbi noma amathuluzi.
5. Qalisa i-alamu yangaphandle yeDigital Temperature yasekhishini ngokufudumeza i-thermistor probe ebekwe odongeni ngezandla ezingenalutho noma umoya. Thola inzwa encane yensimbi noma yepulasitiki elingana nepensela yenzwa yezinga lokushisa enamathiselwe odongeni olungaphakathi (imvamisa eduze nohlaka lomnyango noma i-air grille) bese uyibambe uyiqinise esibhakeleni sakho esivaliwe noma uphefumule kuso imizuzu emi-3; ukuphakamisa inzwa ngaphezu4 ukuya ku-10 degrees Celsius (40 kuya ku-50 degrees Fahrenheit) kusetha umsindo omkhulu we-piezo kanye ne-alamu ebomvu ekhanyayo odongeni lwekhishi elingaphandle noma ehhovisi lomphathi.
6. Yakha umfece ovalekile osindayo endaweni eyinsimbi eqandayo usebenzisa amabhokisi ekhadibhodi awomile kanye ne-plastic pallet shrink-wrap. Ungalokothi uhlale noma ulale ngqo phansi kwe-aluminium-plate yedayimane; beka izingqimba ezi-4 kuya kweziyisi-6 zekhadibhodi eliyisicaba ngaphansi kwezinyawo nesihlalo sakho, faka iphepha elinsundu elishwabene noma ikhadibhodi ngaphakathi kwehembe lakho nebhulukwe, futhi usonge ifilimu ye-pallet elula emzileni wakho ukuze ubambe ukushisa komzimba ngenkathi ushaya ngesigqi odongeni ngento eqinile (ungalokothi ube nezibhakela ezingenalutho) lapho abalandeli bejikeleza.

Isihlahla sesinqumo: Uvaleleke ngaphakathi efrijini lokuhamba ngebhizinisi noma isiqandisi¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Ikhiyiwe noma Ivaleleke Ngaphakathi Kokupholisa Kwezentengiso noma Isiqandisi"] --> GasCheck{"Ingabe kukhona ukuvuza kwethangi le-CO2, inkungu yeqhwa elomile, noma iphunga le-ammonia elibukhali?"}
    GasCheck -->|"YEBO: I-Asphyxiation noma I-Toxic Refrigerant Hazard"| GasEscape["1. UNGAQHUBI eduze naphansi (amachibi e-CO2 ezingeni laphansi); 2. Phusha i-plunger yangaphakathi yokukhululwa ngamandla amakhulu esundu aqondile; 3. Uma umnyango uminyene futhi i-cooler inezicabha zokubonisa ukungena ezingilazini, phula noma ukhahlele iminyango yengilazi ivuleke ephaseji lokudayisa ngokushesha; 4. Bamba umoya bese uphumela emoyeni omusha; shayela ku-911/112/999"]
    GasCheck -->|"CHA: Umoya Uyaphefumula, Umnyango Ngeke Uvuleke"| DoorType{"Kungani umnyango ongena kuwo wehluleka ukuvuleka?"}
    DoorType -->|"Umnyango Usanda Kuvaleka (Vacuum Pressure Lock)"| VacuumLock["1. Linda amasekhondi angu-15 kuya kwangu-30 ukuze uthole imbobo yokukhipha umoya eshisayo ukuze ulinganise umfutho womoya; 2. Noma slayida uhlamvu lwemali, ukhiye, noma i-box-cutter blade ngemva kwe-gasket yomnyango ozibuthe wenjoloba ekhoneni ukuze uphule isivalo sevacuum; 3. Phusha umnyango uvuleke kancane"]
    DoorType -->|"I-Glow Plunger Yangaphakathi Eqandiswe Iqhwa noma Ephukile"| FixLatch["1. UNGAKHAHLI i-plunger ibheke eceleni (i-snaps rod); 2. Umkhono we-plunger wethusi ofudumele oneqhwa ngezandla ezingenalutho/ukuphefumula ukuze uncibilikise ikhola yeqhwa, bese uphushela uqonde phandle; 3. Uma induku ingekho, faka i-screwdriver, ipeni, noma insimbi yethemometha yenyama embobeni ukuze uphushe ibhowudi ye-latch yangaphandle; 4. Noma khulula ipuleti lesiteleka sangaphakathi / ama-hinge backing bolt uma efinyeleleka"]
    DoorType -->|"Inqola Enzima/Amabhokisi Avimba Umnyango Ngaphandle noma Umnyango Oshelelayo Uminyene"| SurviveAndSignal["1. Vala iswishi yabalandeli be-evaporator engaphezulu noma uvimbele ama-grilles ngekhadibhodi ngokushesha; 2. Bamba inzwa yokushisa odongeni lwangaphakathi esandleni esifudumele imizuzu emi-3 ukuze ucuphe i-alamu yangaphandle yezinga eliphezulu; 3. Uma izicabha zokubonisa isiphuzo sengilazi zikhona odongeni olulodwa, gibela kumashalofu bese uphumela ngaphandle ngomnyango wesibonisi; 4. Yakha i-cardboard pad floor kanye ne-shrink-wrap insulation suit; i-latch yensimbi yephawundi enento eqinile"]

Kungani umnyango ongena kuwo wenqaba ukuvuleka (nokuthi ungayinqoba kanjani indlela ngayinye)¶

Ngaphambi kokuzikhandla uphonsa ihlombe lakho emnyango wensimbi ovalekile ongu-10-centimeter-thick (4-intshi), thola ukuthi iyiphi kulezi zimbangela ezine zokukhiya ezibambe isicabha:

1. Isikhiya se-thermal vacuum yamasekhondi angu-30 (ukufinyezwa komoya ngemva kokubhaklaza kwesicabha)¶

Uma ungena efrijini elingu-minus-20-degree-Celsius (minus-4-degree-Fahrenheit) usuka ekhishini elifudumele elingu-27-degree-Celsius (80-degree-Fahrenheit), umoya ofudumele uyangena ngaphakathi. Ngokuphazima kweso isicabha sivaleka, isiqandisi esingaphansi kweziro sibanda umoya ofudumele ngo-45 degrees Celsius ngemizuzwana.

NgoMthetho Wegesi Okahle (\(PV = nRT\)), umoya opholile wenza inkontileka futhi udale i-vacuum eyingxenye eqinile ngaphakathi kwebhokisi elivaliwe. Ngisho nokwehla kokucindezela okuncane okungu-0.035 bar (0.5 psi) ngaphesheya komnyango ongu-0.9-by-2.0-metres (3-by-6.5-foot) kuyidonsela ngaphakathi ngokumelene negasket yayo nge 600 kilograms (1,300 pounds) of suction force.

• Ungayinqoba kanjani i-vacuum lock ngemizuzwana eyi-10:
• Linda amasekhondi angu-15 kuya kwangu-30 ukuze uthole imbobo eshisayo yokusiza ukucindezela: Ifriji ngayinye engena ngaphakathi inembobo encane eshisisayo imbobo yokukhipha ingcindezi eduze nosilingi oshaya ikhwela kancane imizuzwana engu-15 kuya kwangu-30 njengoba umoya wangaphandle ulinganisa ukucindezela.
• Phumula isivalo sikazibuthe se-gasket ekhoneni: Uma imbobo yokungena iqhwa iqhwa, slayida isikhalo sensimbi, ukhiye, uhlamvu lwemali, i-box cutter, noma iminwe yakho efakwe amagilavu ​​phakathi kwe- rubber magnetic door gasket kanye nohlaka. Ukuvala igebe elingamasentimitha angu-5 (amayintshi angu-2) kuvumela ikhishi ukuthi lishaye umoya ngaphakathi, kwephule ukumunca okungamakhilogremu angu-600 ngokushesha.

2. I-plunger yokuphepha yangaphakathi eqandisiwe noma eyonakele (i-Kason push-rod)¶

Iminyango yezohwebo yokungena ihambisana ne-latch yekhamera yangaphandle ne-ingaphakathi le-mushroom plunger elikhanyayo* elixhunywe ku-fiberglass noma i-push-rod yensimbi edlula emnyango wegwebu wamasentimitha angu-10 (amayintshi angu-4). Ngisho noma kukhiywe ngaphandle ngengidi, ukusunduza i-plunger ekhanyayo yangaphakathi iqonde ngaphandle kukhiphela ngaphandle iphinikhodi yesiteleka noma kuqhamuke ikhamera yangaphakathi ukuze umnyango uvuleke.

Uma umswakama uba yiqhwa eduze kwe-shaft noma i-knob yonakalisiwe, sebenzisa i-bypass eqondile yalokho kwehluleka:

3. Isuphamakethe / ama-cooler angena ngaphakathi esitolo anezicabha zokubonisa ukungena kwengilazi ("Imigede Kabhiya")¶

Uma ikhiyiwe ngaphakathi kwesitolo esikhulu, isitolo esithengisa izinto ezilula, noma indawo epholile yokuhamba enezimbali lapho udonga olulodwa lunezicabha zokubonisa ezi*** zengilazi ezibheke endaweni yokudayisa:

1. AWUBAJELEKILE: Amashelufu ezintambo ngemva kwalezo zicabha zengilazi angamashalofu e-post-and-collar noma amarola adonsela phansi.
2. Khwela ngomnyango wokudayisa wengilazi: Phusha amakesi eziphuzo uwasuse engxenyeni eyodwa yeshalofu emaphakathi, uphakamisele igridi yeshalofu lezintambo phezulu usuke emikhonweni yayo yepulasitiki (noma ukhase phakathi kwamashalofu), cindezela uvule umnyango wokungena wengilazi ongakhiyiwe, bese ungena ephaseji lesitolo sezitolo.

4. Izicabha zefriji ezivundlile ezishubile zezimboni¶

Ezindaweni zokugcina izinto ezibandayo, izingosi ze-forklift zisebenzisa izicabha ezisindayo ezinenjini noma ezibhalwa ngesandla izicabha ezivundlile ezislayidayo kumathrekhi angaphezulu. Uma ithrekhi igcwala ngesikhathi ungaphakathi:

1. Donsa intambo engaphakathi ebomvu Yemanuwali Yezimo Eziphuthumayo Khipha intambo: Zonke izicabha ezinenjini zinentambo ebomvu yangaphakathi eduze kwesihloko enqamula i-clutch yokushayela ebhandeni noma iketango.
2. Phakamisa umphetho olandela ngemuva weji yaphansi: Izicabha ezishelelayo ziwela kumaweji aphansi acijile lapho ivaliwe. Sebenzisa i-pry bar, imfoloko ye-pallet jack, noma ipulangwe lephalethi njengesivikelo ngaphansi konqenqema olungezansi ukuze uyiphakamise isentimitha elingu-1 (0.4 amayintshi) isuke kuweji yekhamera ukuze igiqeke ibheke phezulu.

Imizuzu emi-5 yokuqala yokuphila lapho umnyango uvaliwe ngaphandle¶

Uma i-rack esindayo, i-pallet ewile, noma ishalofu eliwile livimba ingaphandle lomnyango ojikela ngaphandle, ukusunduza i-plunger yangaphakathi akukwazi ukususa okuvimbile. Ukusinda kwakho kuncike **ekumisweni kokushisa okuguquguqukayo ** kanye nokucupha i-alamu yangaphandle.

Isinyathelo 1: Bulala i-sub-zero umoya obandayo ngokuvala noma ukuvimba amafeni we-evaporator¶

Ngaphakathi kwesiqandisi sokususa-20-degree-Celsius (minus-4-degree-Fahrenheit), umoya onganyakazi uhambisa ukushisa kancane. Nokho, amafeni e-evaporator afakwe kusilingi aqhumisa umoya ongaphansi kweziro** ngamakhilomitha angu-15 kuye kwangama-25 ngehora (amamayela angu-10 kuye kwayi-15 ngehora)**, aphindaphindeka ukulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphindwe kane ukuya kasithupha kanye nesikhumba esivezwa esibanda esibanda emizuzwini eyi-10 kuye kwengama-20:

1. Phenya iswishi enqamukile yefeni ye-evaporator yangaphakathi: Hlola ibhokisi elihlanganayo ohlangothini lwendlu ye-evaporator yosilingi noma eduze kweswishi yokukhanya yeswishi yokuguqula isevisi yensimbi ebulala amandla fan.
2. Khipha izintambo ze-fan motor pigtail: Kuma-evaporator amaningi amamojula, isithuthuthu sefeni ngasinye sixhuma kwindwangu ngentambo emfushane yama-prong angu-3; bopha isandla sakho ngendwangu eyomile bese ukhipha amapulaki.
3. Vimba ama-grilles ngekhadibhodi eliyisicaba: Uma kunentambo eqinile ngaphandle kweswishi, klebhula amabhokisi amabili amakhulu amakhulu bese ugoqa amashidi ayisicaba konogada bangaphambili babalandeli (noma into engemuva) yebhokisi le-evaporator. Lokhu kumisa umoya ongaphansi kweqanda ngokushesha futhi kubangele ukuthi ikhoyili iqhwande, icuphe i-defrost noma i-pressure alarm kwirack enkulu.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Qalisa I-alamu Yezinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu yangaphandle usebenzisa ukushisa komzimba wakho¶

Izipholile neziqandisi zezentengiselwano zine- ithemometha yedijithali yangaphandle kanye ne-alamu ezwakalayo yezinga eliphezulu lokushisa ngaphandle komnyango (ngokuvamile ixhunywe nezixwayiso zombhalo zomphathi zokuthobela ukuphepha kokudla). Qoqa leyo alamu ngaphansi kwamaminithi angu-3:

1. Thola i-wall thermistor probe: Landelela ikhebula lenzwa elincanyana eduze kohlaka lomnyango ongaphezulu noma eduze nendawo yokukhipha umhwamuko ku-insimbi engagqwali noma emise okwenhlamvu yepulasitiki (cishe usayizi wesihlungi sikagwayi).
2. Fudumeza ithiphu lenzwa kusibhakela esingenalutho: Ungasiki** ucingo. Beka ithiphu le-probe ngokuqinile ngaphakathi kwesandla sakho esifudumele esingenalutho, ikhwapha, noma umoya womlomo2 kuya kumizuzu emi-5 eqhubekayo. Ukufudumala i-probe kusuka ku-20 degrees Celsius kufika ku-kanye no-10 ukuya ku-20 degrees Celsius (50 kuya ku-68 degrees Fahrenheit) kucisha i-alamu ye-piezo yangaphandle nokukhanya okubomvu okubenyezelayo ekhishini futhi kuthumela isexwayiso esizenzakalelayo sezinga eliphezulu lokushisa.
3. Vula noma yikuphi ukudayela kwe-thermostat komshini: Uma ukudayela kwe-bulb-and-capillary thermostat kugxunyekwe odongeni, kuguqule kusilungiselelo sakhona esifudumele ukuze uvale i-solenoid epholile.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Yakha ikhadibhodi likathayela kanye nendawo yokukhosela yokusinda¶

Isiqandisi esingena ngaphakathi siqukethe izivikeli ezishisayo ezimbili ezihlukile: amabhokisi ekhadibhodi anodonga oluningi (amashaneli omoya a fluted) kanye nefilimu yokugoqa yephalethi ye-polyethylene (isithiyo somoya esivimbela umoya):

Izingozi zokuphefumula: I-Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)), iqhwa elomile, nokuvuza kwesiqandisi¶

Ama-coolers angena esiphuzweni avame ukufaka amasilinda oketshezi oluyinqwaba ye-carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) otshwala obusalungiswa nemithombo yesoda, kuyilapho isitolo sokuphekela nesemakhaza aselabhu iqhwa elomile (eliqandiswe ngo-\(CO_2\) ku-minus 78.5 degrees Celsius / khipha 109 degrees Fahrenheit). Ngenxa yokuthi amabhokisi okungena kuwo ano-ziro komoya ohlanzekile, ipayipi elivuzayo elingu-\(CO_2\), idiski eliphefumulayo lokusiza, noma i-ice bin eyomile ekhipha umoya idala ugibe lwegesi ebulalayo:

1. Kungani i-carbon dioxide ibulala ngokushesha: Ngaphezulu5 kuya kumaphesenti angu-7 (\(50,000\umbhalo{ kuya ku-}70,000\text{ ppm}\)), i-\(CO_2\) ibangela i-acidosis yokuphefumula ebukhali, futhi ku-10% (\(100,000\text{ ppm}\)) ibangela ngisho nokufa okunamandla, ukuqunjelwa kanye nokushona okunamandla**1 imizuzu, uma umoya-mpilo ojwayelekile uhlala; bona i-carbon dioxide kanye ne-ice asphyxiation eyomile. Ngenxa yokuthi amakhaza angu-\(CO_2\) angu-1.5 obunzima kunomoya*, anyakaza kusukela phansi kuya phezulu, awisa noma ubani ogobayo noma owayo.
2. Ukubona ukuvuza ngokushesha:
3. I-Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)): Ikhiqizainzwa ehlabayo ebukhali, ehlabayo emakhaleni, emphinjeni, nasemehlweni kanye nokunambitheka kwensimbi okumuncu kanye nokukhefuzela okungazelelwe.
4. I-Anhydrous ammonia (\(NH_3\)): Iphunga elinamandla elivuthayo elishisa amehlo namaphaphu.
5. Iziqandisi ze-Halocarbon / HFC: Imnandi kancane noma ayinaphunga, ihlangana eduze naphansi futhi ibangele isiyezi kanye nesifo senhliziyo.
6. Umthetho wokuhlenga umuntu oqulekile ongaphakathi kwepholile elingena ngaphakathi: UNGALOKOTHI ungene endaweni epholile engena futhi uvumele umnyango uvale ngemuva kwakho ukuze uhlole osebenza naye odilikile. Hlola ingaphandle \(CO_2\) / I-Oxygen Monitor strobe ngaphandle komnyango kuqala. Vuselela umnyango amaphesenti angu-100 avuleke ububanzi kusukela ngaphandle nge-wedge esindayo ukuze kuthululwe igesi esezingeni eliphansi, shayela ku-911 / 112 / 999 ukuze uthole ukutakulwa kwe-SCBA, futhi ukhiphe isisulu ngamaqakala kuphela uma ukwazi ukusifinyelela umile ngaphandle emoyeni omusha; bona ukuphelelwa umoya endaweni evalekile.

Usizo lokuqala ngemva kokuhlenga othile efrijini elingena ngaphakathi¶

1. Vimbela "i-afterdrop" ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo ku-hypothermia enzima: Uma isisulu esibambeke ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-30 kuya kwengu-60 sididekile, inkulumo ehlaza, ukukhubeka, noma siyekile ukuqhaqhazela (izinga lokushisa eliyisisekelo lingaphansi 32 degrees Celsius / 90 degrees Fahrenheit), liphathe ngobumnene livundlile; bona i-hypothermia kanye ne-frostbite usizo lokuqala. Ungalokothi ubenze bahambe noma bazivocavoce, futhi ungalokothi ubafake eshaweni eshisayo, ekhipha igazi elibandayo eqhweni lisuka ezithweni libuyele enhliziyweni (afterdrop) futhi licuphe ukuqina kwe-ventricular fibrillation.
2. Fudumeza i-core trunk kuqala: Shintsha izingubo ezimanzi ekamelweni elifudumele, bopha ngezingubo zokulala ezomile, gcoba amaphakethe afudumele amboziwe esifubeni, emakhwapheni, nasentanyeni kuphela, bese unikeza uketshezi olufudumele olumnandi olungenabo utshwala uma uqaphile.
3. Buyisela isithwathwa esifudumele emanzini angu-37 kuya ku-39 degrees Celsius (98.6 kuya ku-102.2 degrees Fahrenheit) emanzini: Ungalokothi uhlikihle iminwe efriziwe, enengcina efriziwe noma izindlebe; cwilisa emanzini okushisa komzimba ajikelezayo imizuzu engama-20 kuye kwengama-30.

Uhlu lokuhlola ukuphepha kwesiqandisi sokuhweba¶

Wonke umphathi wendawo yokudlela, umpheki, umphathi wesitolo esikhulu, kanye nesikhulu sokuphepha saselabhorethri kufanele bahlole iminyango engena masonto onke ngokumelene nalezi zindinganiso ezinhlanu zokusindisa impilo:

• Hlola i-plunger ekhipha ukuphepha okukhazimulayo kwangaphakathi njalo ngoMsombuluko ekuseni Ngengidi yangaphandle IYAKHIYIWE: Yenza isisebenzi esisodwa singene ngaphakathi kuyilapho isisebenzi sesibili sikhiya i-latch yangaphandle, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi i-plunger yangaphakathi iphusha kahle ngaphandle kokunamathela eqhweni futhi idedele umnyango ngokushesha. Sula okokugcoba okusekelwe ku-silicone yezinga lokushisa eliphansi endaweni ye-plunger bese ushintsha noma imaphi amafindo okukhanya aqhekekile noma angekho ngokushesha.
• Qinisekisa ukushintshwa kokukhanya kwangaphakathi okukhanyisiwe ("isibani somshayeli") kanye nenkinobho yokwethuka/inkinobho ye-alamu kufakwe ngaphakathi kohlaka lomnyango: Amakhodi okwakha esimanje kanye nezindinganiso ze-UL 471 / NSF 7 zidinga inkomba yokukhanya eqhubekayo ngaphakathi kwebhokisi futhi, ezindaweni eziningi, inkinobho **yangaphakathi esekelwe ibhethri yokwethuka) I-alamu YAMAHHALA (*I-alamu ye-MANZERED) ekhishini.
• Gcina imbobo yokukhipha umoya eshisayo icwecwe ngokuphelele neqhwa namabhokisi astakiwe: Ungalokothi ubeke amabhokisi amakhadibhodi kuze kufike ophahleni phambi kwembobo eshisayo yokulinganisa ukucindezela noma phambi kwenzwa yenzwa yangaphakathi.
• Ungalokothi upake ama-rack epanini eligoqekayo, amaphalethi, noma amabhokisi kabhiya phambi kwendlela yokushwibeka yomnyango ophumela ngaphandle: Penda okuphuzi "GCINA UCACA - I-FREEZER DOOR EGRESS" ibhokisi lephansi ngaphandle kwayo yonke iminyango yokungena ukuze isitaki esidlulayo samakhreyithi singakwazi ukuwela emnyango bese sicupha isisebenzi ngaphakathi.
• Faka i-alamu enezigaba ezimbili ze-Carbon Dioxide (\(CO_2\)) enesibonisi sangaphandle ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinto ezipholile ezingenayo eziqukethe isiphuzo esingu-\(CO_2\) amathangi noma iqhwa elomile: Idingwa yi-NFPA 55 kanye ne-International Fire Code (IFC) noma nini lapho amakhilogremu angaphezu kuka-45 (100 pounds) ecindezelwe ku-$CO_2 amapayipi oketshezi_2 omnyango.

Izinombolo zezimo eziphuthumayo zesifunda kanye nezinqubomgomo ze-ejensi¶

Uma othile evaleleke ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokungena kwezohwebo noma igumbi lesitoreji esibandayo elinomnyango wemboni ominyene noma ukuvuza kwesiqandisi/i-carbon dioxide:

• I-United States ne-Canada: Shayela u-911* futhi ucele Ukutakulwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Komnyango Wezomlilo (kanye ne-HAZMAT* uma i-ammonia noma i-carbon dioxide ivuza). Izindinganiso zikahulumeni nezikazwelonke ezidinga izindlela zokukhishwa kwezimo eziphuthumayo zangaphakathi kuzo zonke iziqandisi zokuhamba ezithengiswayo neziqandisi zihlanganisa OSHA 29 CFR 1910.36 (Imizila yokuphuma - iminyango kufanele ivuleke ngaphakathi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphandle kokhiye noma amathuluzi), I-Energy Independence and Security Act / DOE Walk-In CoolerAshULE4 Standards,ASHIULE4 I-CoolerASHIULE4I-Standard I-15 (Izinga Lokuphepha Lezinhlelo Zokuqandisa), kanye ne-NFPA 55 (Amagesi Acindezelwe kanye Nekhodi Ye-Cryogenic Fluids).
• United Kingdom: Shayela ku-999* noma 112. Ibuswa Isiphathimandla Sezempilo Nokuphepha (HSE) ngaphansi Kwemithetho Yendawo Yokusebenza (Ezempilo, Ukuphepha Nenhlalakahle) 1992, BS EN 378 (Izinhlelo Zokuqandisa Nokushisa Amaphampu Ukuphepha Nezimfuneko Zemvelo, egunyaza ukukhishwa kwangaphakathi kokuphunyuka kwezimo eziphuthumayo, amaswishi akhanyayo, nama-alamu agayiwe e-British Comzeper Association) (BCGA Ikhodi Yokuzilolonga CP 30 yokuphepha kwegesi ye-cellar yesiphuzo).
• I-European Union: Shayela 112. Amakamelo okungena abandayo e-EU yonkana kufanele athobele EN 378-1 nge-EN 378-4 kanye ne-EN 17893 (Izimoto zomgwaqo ezishisayo nezicabha ezibandayo zangaphakathi zemishini yokuphepha ye-antipanic).
• I-Australia ne-New Zealand: Shayela u-000* e-Australia noma 111 eNew Zealand. Ibuswa I-Safe Work Australia, AS/NZS 5149 (Amasistimu efriji namaphampu okushisa - Izidingo zokuphepha nezemvelo), kanye Nekhodi Kazwelonke Yokwakha (NCC) yezibambo zokukhishwa kwangaphakathi kwe-coolroom nezinsimbi zesimo esiphuthumayo.
• I-India ne-Asia-Pacific: Shayela u-112* e-India, 119 e-Japan naseNingizimu Korea, noma 995 e-Singapore.

Imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa¶

Ngingakwazi yini ukuvula ifriji yokungena ebhizinisini kusukela ngaphakathi uma othile ebeka ingidi esindayo esibanjeni sangaphandle?¶

Yebo. Ngokomthetho nokuklanywa kwemishini, i-plunger yokukhishwa kokuphepha okukhazimulayo ebumnyameni kumshini opholile ongenisa imali othengiswayo noma isiqandisi sakhelwe ukudlula ingidi yangaphandle ngokuphelele. Uma uphusha i-plunger yamakhowe yangaphakathi iqonde ngaphandle (noma uyiqaqa ngokuphambene newashi kumamodeli amadala ajikelezayo), i-push-rod yangaphakathi ingahle ikhiphe ibhawodi yensimbi yangaphandle isuke ku-mounting plate yayo noma iqaqa ulimi lwe-cam lwangaphakathi kusibambo sangaphandle esikhiyiwe, okuvumela umnyango ukuthi ushwibilike uvuleke ngisho nalapho ingidi isala ikhiyiwe esibambini esingaphandle.

Kungani umnyango wefriji ongena kuwo uzwakala uvale ngci ngokuphelele ngemva kokuthi uvale ngemva kwami?¶

Uma uvula umnyango wefriji ongena kuwo, umoya ofudumele ovela ekhishini ugijimela ngaphakathi. Lapho umnyango uvala, i-minus-20-degree-Celsius (minus-4-degree-Fahrenheit) igodola umoya ofudumele ngokushesha, okubangele ukuthi umoya ufinyezeke ngevolumu nokudala i-vacuum eqinile eyingxenye ngaphakathi kwebhokisi elivaliwe. Lowo mehluko wengcindezi udonsela umnyango ungene esivalweni sawo senjoloba ngamandla afinyelela ku-600 kilograms (1,300 pounds) imizuzwana engu-15 kuya kwangu-30 kuze kube yilapho imbobo eshisayo yokukhulula ukucindezela ivumela umoya ukuba ulingane. Uma imbobo yokungena iqandiswe yiqhwa futhi umnyango unganyakazi, slayida uhlamvu lwemali, ukhiye, i-spatula, noma iminwe yakho efakwe amagilavu ​​ngaphansi kwe-gasket kazibuthe yenjoloba ekhoneni lomnyango ukuze uvumele umoya uhayize futhi uphule i-vacuum ngokushesha.

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma i-plunger yokuphepha yangaphakathi efrijini okungena kuyo iqine ibe yiqhwa noma iphukile?¶

Okokuqala, ungalokothi ukhahlele iphinifa le-plunger lepulasitiki eceleni ngebhuthi yakho, njengoba ukubanda okukhulu kwenza induku ye-fiberglass ibe bushelelezi futhi izoyinqamula. Esikhundleni salokho, beka izandla zakho ezifudumele eduze kwesisekelo sekhola ye-plunger bese uphefumula umoya ofudumele kuyo imizuzwana engu-30 kuya kwengu-60 ukuze uncibilikise indandatho yeqhwa ebambe i-shaft, uyithephe ngobumnene phakathi kwemilimitha engu-1 ukuze uqhekeze ibhondi yeqhwa, bese uphushela ngaphandle uqonde ngaphandle ngazo zombili izintende zezandla. Uma ifindo lepulasitiki noma induku ikhishwe ngokuphelele, bheka ngqo embobeni evulekile engamamilimitha angu-12 (0.5-intshi) ongena emnyango bese uphusha isikulufu eside, ithermometer yenyama yensimbi, insimbi elolayo, noma idowel lokhuni uqonde ngqo embobeni ukuze ucindezele ngemuva kwepuleti le-latch langaphandle.

Ngingayivula kanjani i-alamu ekhishini uma ngivaleleke efrijini ngaphandle kwesignali yefoni?¶

Ngenxa yokuthi i-aluminium evalekile noma izindonga zensimbi zesiqandisi esingena ngaphakathi sisebenza njengekheji ye-Faraday evimba amasiginali weselula, indlela yakho eshesha kakhulu yokubonisa ukude iwukuduna i-alamu yezinga lokushisa lokuphepha kokudla kwefriji. Thola inzwa yocingo oluncane lwezinga lokushisa elicindezelwe odongeni olungaphakathi (ngokuvamile eduze nohlaka lomnyango ongaphezulu noma indawo yokungenisa umoya evaporator) bese ubamba ithiphu lenzwa yensimbi uliqinise ngaphakathi kwesibhakela sakho esingenalutho esifudumele noma uphefumule kuso imizuzu emi-2 ukuya kwemi-5. Ukufudumala lelo thiphu yenzwa encane ngaphezu kuka-4 kuya ku-10 degrees Celsius (40 kuya ku-50 degrees Fahrenheit) kukhohlisa isilawuli sedijithali esingaphandle komnyango ukuthi sicabange ukuthi isiqandisi sihlulekile, kucuphe i-alamu enkulu ekhishini futhi kuthumele isexwayiso esizenzakalelayo sokushisa kubaphathi.

Kungani ukuvala noma ukuvimba abalandeli be-evaporator engaphezulu kuyisinyathelo esisodwa esibaluleke kakhulu sokusinda uma ngingakwazi ukuvula umnyango?¶

Umoya omile ongaphansi kuka-20 degrees Celsius (minus 4 degrees Fahrenheit) uyisikhondatha esingesihle sokushisa, esivumela umuntu ofakwe amakhathoni ukuthi aphile amahora amaningi. Kodwa-ke, iyunithi ye-evaporator engaphezulu ivunguza umoya ongaphansi kweziro esiqandisini ngamakhilomitha angu-15 kuya kwangu-25 ngehora (amamayela angu-10 kuya kwangu-15 ngehora), nokudala amakhaza anamandla asusa ukushisa ngokushesha izikhathi ezine kuya kweziyisithupha futhi abangele isithwathwa esisheshayo kanye ne-hypothermia. Ukucisha i-evaporator fan yokucisha, ukukhipha izintambo zenjini yabalandeli, noma ukuhlanganisa amakhadibhodi ayisicaba kuma-grilles ngokushesha kuqeda umoya obandayo ngaphakathi kwebhokisi.

Why do people pass out inside restaurant beer and soda walk-in coolers?¶

Many restaurant and bar walk-in coolers house bulk liquid or compressed carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) cylinders that pressurize fountain soda machines and draft beer taps. Because a walk-in cooler is an airtight box with zero fresh-air ventilation, a leaking hose, regulator, or relief valve rapidly fills the room with colorless carbon dioxide gas. Because cold $CO_2$ is 1.5 times heavier than air, it pools densely along the floor and causes stinging nostrils, rapid panting, confusion, and unconsciousness within 60 seconds once levels reach 7 to 10 percent. If you ever smell a sharp soda-fizz sting in your nose inside a walk-in cooler, get out immediately and leave the door propped open from the outside.

Lo mhlahlandlela uhlinzeka ngeziyalezo zokubalekela izimo eziphuthumayo, ukusinda, kanye neziyalezo zosizo lokuqala ukuze ungene endaweni epholile futhi ufakwe efrijini futhi awuthathi indawo yokuqeqeshwa kokuphepha emsebenzini noma izinqubo zobunjiniyela besiqandisi. Cabangela ukuthatha usizo lokuqala kanye nesifundo se-CPR esivela kwa-Red Cross, i-St John Ambulance, noma inhlangano yasendaweni yokuqeqesha izimo eziphuthumayo.

Iziqondiso ezihlobene¶

• I-Hypothermia kanye ne-frostbite usizo lokuqala
• Carbon dioxide, dry ice sublimation, liquid nitrogen, and asphyxiation first aid
• Confined space asphyxiation: manholes, silos, and tanks
• Commercial meat slicer, dough mixer, and restaurant machinery entrapment

Imithombo neziqondiso ezisemthethweni¶

• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, United States): Design and Construction Requirements for Exit Routes - Doors Must Unlock from the Inside (29 CFR 1910.36(d)) and Confined Spaces / Refrigeration Hazards
• British Standards Institution (BSI) and Health and Safety Executive (HSE, United Kingdom): BS EN 378 Refrigerating Systems and Heat Pumps - Safety and Environmental Requirements (Internal Emergency Escape, Illuminated Switches, and Cold Store Trapped-Person Alarms)
• Underwriters Laboratories (UL) and National Sanitation Foundation (NSF, United States): UL 471 Standard for Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers and Walk-In Door Internal Safety Release Requirements
• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA, United States) and British Compressed Gases Association (BCGA, United Kingdom): NFPA 55 Compressed Gases and Cryogenic Fluids Code and BCGA Code of Practice CP 30 (Safe Use of Beverage Dispense Gases in Cellars and Walk-In Coolers)
• American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE): ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 15 Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems