E notletsoe ka har'a Sehatsetsi sa Khoebo kapa se Pholisa: Tokollo ea Tšohanyetso le ho Pholoha.¶

Li-cooler tsa khoebo (tse sebetsang ho 1 ho isa ho 4 likhato Celsius / 34 ho isa ho 40 likhato tsa Fahrenheit) le lihatsetsi tse kenang ka hare (tse sebetsang ho minus 18 ho isa ho 30 degrees Celsius / 0 ho ea ho 22 degrees Fahrenheit, tse nang le lihatsetsi tse khethehileng tse fihlang ho likhato tse 40 tsa Celsius, ho tloswa ho 40 degrees Celsius) liphaposi tsa polyurethane-core tse sirelelitsoeng haholo tse kentsoeng ka kichineng ea lireschorente, lisuphamaketeng, lihoteleng, lipetlele, moo ho ritelang joala teng le matlong a polokelo a batang. Monyako o mong le o mong oa sejoale-joale oa ho kena o hlokeha ka molao hore o be le **ka hare-hare-ka-le-fifing ea tšireletso ea plunger ** (kapa push-rod panic bar) e etselitsoeng ho feta senotlolo sa kantle ebe o bula latch ho tsoa kahare. Leha ho le joalo basebetsi le batho ba emeng haufi ba ntse ba qabeletsoe ka har'a lihatsetsi tse kenang selemo se seng le se seng ha moea o mongobo o lutla o homisa plunger e kahare e tiileng ka har'a letsoho la eona la koporo, ha molamu oa fiberglass o koetsoeng o se o butsoe kapa o hlongoa ke jack ea pallet, ha mokoloko oa mabokose a leqhoa kapa lemati le thethehang la lemati le koalang lemati le koalang lemati le thibang lemati la libake. e kobeha tseleng ea eona e holimo.

Ka har'a sehatsetsi se ka tlase ho likhato tse 23 tsa Celsius (ka tlase ho likhato tse 10 tsa Fahrenheit), lifani tsa mochini oa mouoane li butsoela moea o matla o ka tlase ho zero ka mokhoa o sa khaotseng ho pholletsa le lebokose, ho etsa hore moea o foka katlase ho likhato tse 35 tsa Celsius (ka tlase ho likhato tse 31 tsa Fahrenheit)** o hlobolisang hempe e tšesaane ea k'hothone ka kichineng kapa mohiruoa a roala hempe e tšesaane ea k'hothone. metsotso. Ho hobe le ho feta, ka har'a li-coolers tse ngata ** carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) cylinders** bakeng sa liliba tsa biri le soda, kapa matlong a polokelo a ka hare a pholileng ka anhydrous ammonia (\(NH_3\)) kapa liquid nitrogen, mokelikeli o lutlang o fetola lebokose le tiisitsoeng hore le be kotsi hang-hang. Ho tseba mokhoa oa ho lokolla leqhoa le khanyang ka hare ho plunger ntle le ho phunya konopo ea eona ea polasetiki, mokhoa oa ho qhaqholla mohaho o ka hare oa seteraeke kapa o phunyeletse ka gasket ea makenete, mokhoa oa ho koala kapa ho thibela li-fan evaporator tse holimo ho thibela tahlehelo ea mocheso oa convective, le mokhoa oa ho etsa hore alamo ea mocheso o phahameng oa kichineng e bitse pholoso e pholosa bophelo; boloka sebakeng sa heno dinomoro tsa tshohanyetso bolokoa, 'me u hlahlobe hypothermia le serame thuso ea pele, carbon dioxide le leqhoa le omileng la asphyxiation, le ho felloa ke matla sebakeng se koaletsoeng.

Etsa sena hona joale¶

1. Hlahloba phefumoloho ea hau 'me u hlahlobe monko o hlabang kapa ho tsekela ka tšohanyetso metsotsoana e 3 ea pele. Haeba motho ea kenang ka tlung a ntse a le matlong a biri/soda litanka tsa carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) 'me u utloa ho loma ho bohale ha carbonic-acid ka linkong tsa hao kapa ho hema ka tšohanyetso, kapa haeba u nkha hamonate ammonia sehatsetsing kapa sehatsetsi sa ammonia* ka nako e ka tlase ho metsotsoana e 3*, u ka bula lemati le ka tlaase ho metsotsoana e 3* pshatla fensetere ya kgalase pele o idibala.
2. Fumana kotola e chitja ea tšireletso e khanyang-lefifing ka hare ho lemati (leha mabone a tingoe) ebe o e sutumelletsa ka ntle ka ho otloloha u sebelisa letsoho le bataletseng la letsoho la hao. U se*** u otle kotola ka mahlakoreng kapa ua e raha ka serethe sa boot, se phunyang lere la fiberglass e ka hare; haeba leqhoa le tšoere plunger e khomaretse, qhibiliha kapa u petsole letsoho la leqhoa u sebelisa mofuthu oa matsoho a hao a hlobotseng le moea o chesang kapa ka ho tlanya ka bonolo ho pota molala oa tšepe pele u sutumelletsa ka ntle.
3. klzzwxh:0030 She lebokose la mouoane le behiloeng holim'a siling kapa ka thōko ho sesebelisoa sa mabone a ka hare bakeng sa fan toggle switch (kapa u hule thapo e khutšoanyane ea fene e lohiloeng ka thōko ho lesela le ka pele la sefene), moea o ka tlase ho zero o emisa ho phatloha 'meleng oa hau.
4. ** LE KA mohla u se ke ua tšoara matsoho a kolobileng, menoana, kapa melomo ka ho toba mapheong a mouoane a aluminium, maboteng a tšepe e sa hloekang, kapa liluloaneng tsa tšepe tse ka tlase ho likhato tse 20 tsa Celsius (minus 4 degrees Fahrenheit).** Letlalo le mongobo le hoama hang-hang ho isa tšepeng e ka tlaase ho lefela ha le kopana; ka mehla thatela matsoho a hao ka foreskoto e ommeng, khateboto, kapa matsoho a hempe ea hao pele u tšoara likarolo tsa lemati la tšepe kapa lisebelisoa.
5. klzzwxh:0033 Batla terata e nyane ea tšepe kapa ea polasetiki eoholo ba pentšele ea mocheso e kentsoeng leboteng le kahare (hangata e haufi le foreimi ea lemati kapa mokokotlo oa moea) 'me u e tšoare ka thata ka setebeleng sa hau se koetsoeng kapa ho hema metsotso e 2 ho eona; ho phahamisa sensor ka holimo 4 ho 10 likhato Celsius (40 ho isa ho 50 likhato tsa Fahrenheit) ho lla lerata la piezo le alamo e khubelu e benyang leboteng la kichineng le kantle kapa ofising ea mookameli.
6. **Haha lekoko le sirelelitsoeng fatše holim'a tšepe e leqhoa u sebelisa mabokose a masenke a omileng le sephutheloana sa polasetiki sa pallet. beha likarolo tse 4 ho isa ho tse 6 tsa khateboto e bataletseng ka tlas'a maoto le setulo, kenya pampiri e sootho kapa khateboto ka har'a hempe ea hau le borikhoe, 'me u phuthele filimi e otlolohileng ka har'a 'mele oa hau ho ts'oara mocheso oa' mele ha u ntse u otla ka morethetho leboteng ka ntho e tiileng (ha ho mohla litebele tsa hau tse sa romelloang) ha balateli ba potoloha.

Sefate sa ho etsa qeto: O qabeletsoe ka har'a sehatsetsi sa khoebo kapa sehatsetsing¶

flowchart TD
    Start["E notletsoe kapa e qabeletsoe ka hare ho Mohatsela oa Khoebo kapa Sehatsetsi"] --> GasCheck{"Na ho na le ho lutla ha tanka ea CO2, moholi o omileng oa leqhoa, kapa monko o bohale oa ammonia?"}
    GasCheck -->|"YES: Asphyxiation kapa Toxic Refrigerant Hazard"| GasEscape["1. U SE KE UA KABATA haufi le fatše (matamo a CO2 boemong ba fatše); 2. Sututsa plunger ea ka hare e nang le matla a holimo a otlolohileng a palema; 3. Haeba lemati le petetsane 'me pholileng e na le mamati a kentsoeng ka khalase, pshatla kapa u rahe mamati a khalase ka har'a tsela ea mabenkele hang-hang; 4. Tšoara moea 'me u tsoe moeeng o hloekileng; letsetsa 911/112/999"]
    GasCheck -->|"CHE: Moea oa Phefumoloha, Monyako o ke ke oa Buloa"| DoorType{"Ke hobane'ng ha monyako oa ho kena o hloleha ho buleha?"}
    DoorType -->|"Monyako o Feta ho Shut (Vacuum Pressure Lock)"| VacuumLock["1. Ema metsotsoana e 15 ho isa ho e 30 bakeng sa boema-kepe bo futhumatsang ba ho imolla khatello ho lekana khatello ea moea; 2. Kapa u thelle chelete ea tšepe, senotlolo, kapa lehare la ho seha mabokose ka mor'a gasket ea lemati la rabara hukung ho pshatla vacuum seal; 3. Sututsa monyako butle butle"]
    DoorType -->|"Plunger e Khanyang ka Hare E Hoamisitsoeng ka Leqhoa kapa E robehile"| FixLatch["1. U SE KE UA raha plunger ka mahlakoreng (snaps rod); 2. Mofuthu oa koporo oa plunger o nang le matsoho / phefumoloho ho qhibilihisa leqhoa, ebe o sutumelletsa ka ntle; 3. Haeba molamu o le sieo, kenya screwdriver, pene, kapa tšepe thermometer ea nama ka lesoba ho sutumelletsa bolt ea kantle; 4. Kapa u lokolle poleiti e ka hare ea seteraeke / li-backing bolts haeba li fumaneha"]
    DoorType -->|"Kariki/Mabokose a Boima Monyako o Thibelang Ka Ntle kapa Monyako o Sliding o Jammed"| SurviveAndSignal["1. Koala li-fan switch kapa thibela li-grill tsa fan ka k'hateboto hang-hang; 2. Tšoara ka hare ho lebota la mocheso oa sensor probe letsohong le futhumetseng bakeng sa metsotso e 3 ho tsosa alamo ea ka ntle ea mocheso o phahameng; 3. Haeba mamati a bontšang seno a khalase a le leboteng le le leng, hloa shelefo 'me u tsoe ka lemati la pontšo; 4. Haha letlapa le mokatong la khateboto le sutu e koalang ka thata; ponto ea tšepe e nang le ntho e tiileng"]

Hobaneng ha monyako o kenang o hana ho buloa (le mokhoa oa ho hlola mochini o mong le o mong)¶

Pele u ikhathatsa, u lahlela lehetla la hao lemating la tšepe le botenya ba lisenthimithara tse 10 (4-inch), hlahloba hore na ho mabaka a mane a ho notlela ka mechine** ke afe a koalang lemati:

1. Senotlolo sa metsotsoana e 30 sa thermal vacuum (thibelo ea moea ka mor'a hore lemati le betse)¶

Ha u kena ka har'a sehatsetsi se ka tlase ho likhato tse 20 tsa Celsius (minus-4-degree-Fahrenheit) ho tsoa kicheneng e futhumetseng ea likhato tse 27 tsa Celsius (80-degree-Fahrenheit), moea o futhumetseng o kena ka hare. Hang ha lemati le koaloa, moea oa sehatsetsi o ka tlase ho zero o bata moea o futhumetseng ka likhato tse 45 tsa Celsius ka metsotsoana.

Ka Molao o Molemo oa Khase ($ PV = nRT$), moea o pholileng o etsa likonteraka mme o etsa ** vacuum e matla ea karoloana ** ka hare ho lebokose le tiisitsoeng. Esita le ho theoha ha khatello e nyenyane ea 0.035 bar (0.5 psi) ho pholletsa le monyako oa 0.9-by-2.0-meter (3-by-6.5-foot) ho e hulela ka hare khahlanong le gasket ea eona ka **600 kilograms (1,300 pounds) ea matla a ho hula **.

• Mokhoa oa ho hlola senotlolo sa vacuum ka metsotsoana e 10:
• Ema metsotsoana e 15 ho isa ho e 30 bakeng sa boema-kepe bo futhumatsang ba ho imolla khatellong: Sehatsetsi se seng le se seng se kenang ka har'a sehatsetsi se na le sehatsetsi se senyenyane se futhumatsang haufi le siling e letsang mololi hamonate metsotsoana e 15 ho isa ho e 30 kaha moea o kantle o lekana khatello.
• Tlaganya tiiso ea magnetic gasket hukung: Haeba kou ea moea e hoamme, thellela spatula ea tšepe, senotlolo, coin, sekheha sa lebokose, kapa menoana ea hao ea liatlana lipakeng tsa rubber magnetic door gasket le foreimi. Ho phunya lekhalo la lisenthimithara tse 5 (2-inch) ho etsa hore moea oa kichineng o lle ka hare, ho pshatla 600-kilogramme hang-hang.

2. Plunger ea tokollo ea polokeho ea kahare e hatselitsoeng kapa e senyehileng (Kason push-rod)¶

Menyako ea khoebo e tsamaisana le latch e ka ntle e nang le ka hare-hare ho lefifi plunger ea li-mushroom e hokahaneng le khalase ea fiberglass kapa tšepe e phunyeletsang monyako oa foam oa lisenthimithara tse 10 (4-inch). Leha e notletsoe ka ntle ka senotlolo, ho sututsa plunger e ka hare e otlolohile ho ntša phini ea kantle kapa ho kopanya khamera e ka hare hore lemati le bulehe.

Haeba mongobo o hoama ho potoloha shaft kapa kotola e senyehile, sebelisa tsela e nepahetseng bakeng sa ho hloleha hoo:

3. Mabenkele / li-coolers tse kenang ka har'a lebenkele tse nang le mamati a bonts'ang ka khalase ("Mahaha a Biri").¶

Haeba e notletsoe ka har'a suphamakete, lebenkele la lintho tse bonolo, kapa sebaka se phodileng sa lipalesa moo lebota le leng le nang le mamati a kentsoeng ka khalase a shebileng tsela ea mabenkele:

1. HA O qabeletsoe: Liraka tsa terata tse ka morao ho mamati ao a khalase ke lishelefo tsa morao-rao le likhola kapa lirolara tsa khoheli.
2. Ea ka ntle ka lemati la mabenkele a khalase: Sutumelletsa mekotla ea lino-mapholi karolong e 'ngoe e bohareng ea shelofo, phahamisetsa sethala sa terata holimo ho tloha matsohong a polasetiki (kapa u khase pakeng tsa lishelefo), bula lemati le sa notleloang la ho kena, 'me u kene ka har'a tsela ea lebenkele la mabenkele.

4. mamati a sehatsetsi a koalehileng a liindasteri a tšekaletseng¶

Likamoreng tsa polokelo tse batang, li-portal tsa forklift li sebelisa li-motor tse boima kapa li-manual ** mamati a thellang a thellang ** litseleng tse holimo. Haeba pina e jara ha u ntse u le ka hare:

1. Hula thapo e ka hare e khubelu ea Emergency Manual Disengage: Lemati le leng le le leng le thellang le nang le enjene le na le khoele e khubelu e kahare haufi le hlooho e hokelang clutch ea drive lebanteng kapa ketane.
2. Phahamisa ntlha e ka morao ho tloha mokatong oa fatše: mamati a thellang a oela holim'a litšepe tsa fatše tse tepeletseng ha a koetsoe. Sebelisa pry bar, pallet jack fork, kapa pallet plank e le leqhubu ka tlas'a ntlha e ka tlase ho e phahamisa ** 1 centimeter (0.4 inches)** the cam wedge e le hore e thethehe ka holimo.

Metsotso ea pele ea 5 ea ho pholoha ha lemati le koetsoe ka ntle¶

Haeba rack e boima, phalete e oeleng, kapa shelofo e oeleng e thiba bokantle ba lemati le suthelang kantle, ho sututsa plunger e ka hare ho ke ke ha khona ho sisinya tšitiso. Ho pholoha ha hau ho ipapisitse le **ho emisa tahlehelo ea mocheso o kenang ** le **ho kenya alamo ea kantle **.

Mohato oa 1: Bolaea moea o batang o ka tlase ho zero ka ho koala kapa ho thibela lifenehi tsa mouoane¶

Ka har'a sehatsetsi sa "minus-20-degree-Celsius" (minus-4-degree-Fahrenheit), moea o ntse o tsamaisa mocheso butle. Leha ho le joalo, siling evaporator fans e phatlola moea o ka tlaase ho zero ka 15 ho isa ho 25 kilometers ka hora (10 ho 15 miles ka hora), ho atisa tahlehelo ea mocheso ** hane ho isa ho makhetlo a tšeletseng ** le ho ba leqhoa letlalo le pepenene ka 10 ho metsotso e 20:

1. Fetola switch-cut-off fan ea ka hare: Sheba lebokose la mateano le lehlakoreng la ntlo ea mouoane ea siling kapa ka thōko ho sesebelisoa sa lebone bakeng sa sesebelisoa sa tšepe sa toggle se bolaeang matla a fan.
2. Tlosa lithapo tsa fan motor pigtail: Ho li-evaporator tse ngata tsa modular, fene e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e hokela ka har'a sekoahelo ka khoele e khutšoane ea li-prong tse 3; phuthela letsoho la hao ka lesela le omeletseng ebe o hula li-plug.
3. Thibela li-grill tsa fene ka khateboto e sephara: Haeba e entsoe ka terata e thata e se nang switch, hahola mabokose a mabeli a maholo a khateboto 'me u tšele maqephe a bataletseng holima litebela tse ka pele tsa fene (kapa tse kenang ka morao) tsa lebokose la mouoane. Sena se emisa moea oa sub-zero hang-hang 'me se etsa hore khoele e be le serame, e leng se hlahisang defrost kapa alamo ea khatello rakeng e kholo.

Mohato oa 2: Kenya Alamo e ka ntle ea Mocheso o Phahameng ka ho sebelisa mocheso oa 'mele oa hau¶

Li-coolers le lihatsetsi tse kenang khoebong li na le thermometer ea ka ntle ea dijithale le alamo e utloahalang ea mocheso o phahameng ka ntle ho lemati (hangata e hokahane le litlhokomeliso tsa mongolo oa batsamaisi bakeng sa ho lumellana le polokeho ea lijo). Ngola alamo eo ka nako e ka tlase ho metsotso e 3:

1. Batla probe ea lebota la thermistor: Latela thapo e tšesaane ea sensor haufi le foreimi e ka holimo ea lemati kapa haufi le mouoane oa mouoane ho tšepe e sa hloekang kapa sebopeho sa likulo tsa polasetiki (e batlang e lekana le sefe ea sakerete).
2. Futhumala ntlha ea sensor ka feisi ea hau e se nang letho: Se ke oa** ho khaola terata. Koala ntlha ea probe ka thata ka har'a letsoho la hao le futhumetseng le se nang letho, lephaka, kapa molomo oa molomo bakeng sa metsotso e 2 ho isa ho e 5 e tsoelang pele. Ho futhumatsa mocheso ho tloha ho likhato tse 20 ho isa ho tse mmoho le likhato tse 10 ho isa ho tse 20 tsa Celsius (50 ho isa ho 68 degrees Fahrenheit) ho tima kantle alamo ea piezo le lebone le lefubelu le benyang ka kichineng ebe ho romela temoso ea mocheso o phahameng.
3. Bulela mokhoa ofe kapa ofe oa mochini oa thermostat: Haeba bulb-and-capillary thermostat dial e kentsoe leboteng, e fetole sebakeng sa eona se futhumetseng ho koala solenoid e pholileng.

Mohato oa 3: Haha khateboto e nang le masenke 'me u sireletsehe¶

Sehatsetsi se kenang ka har'a sehatsetsi se na le li-insulator tse peli tse ikhethang tse futhumatsang mocheso: mabokose a mabota a masenke a nang le mabota a mangata (likanale tsa moea tse fluted) le filimi e phuthelang ea polyethylene pallet (sethibelo sa mouoane se thibelang moea):

Likotsi tsa moea: Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)), leqhoa le omileng, le ho lutla ha sehatsetsing¶

Li-coolers tse kenang ka har'a lino hangata li na le lisilindara tse ngata tsa metsi a carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) bakeng sa liliba tsa biri le soda, ha ho ntse ho bolokoa lijo le li-cooler tsa lab ** leqhoa le omileng (le leqhoa \(CO_2\) mocheso oa likhato tse 78.5 tsa Celsius / ho tloswa 109 degrees Fahrenheit)**. Hobane mabokose a kenang a na le noto ea moea o hloekileng oa moea, hose e lutlang ea \(CO_2\), disc ea liphallelo e bululetsoeng, kapa leqhoa le ommeng le omileng le baka leraba le bolaeang la khase:

1. Hobaneng carbon dioxide e bolaea ka potlako: Ka holimo ho 5 ho isa ho liperesente tse 7 (\(50,000\text{ ho }70,000\text{ppm}\)), \(CO_2\) e baka acidosis e matla ea ho hema,' me ka 10 peresente (\(100,000\text{ppm}\)) e baka lefu le ho ferekana maikutlong, ho tsubella le ho ferekana ka metsotso e 3* haeba oksijene e tloaelehileng e sala; bona carbon dioxide le leqhoa le omileng la asphyxiation. Hobane mohatsela oa \(CO_2\) o 1.5 o boima ho feta moea ka makhetlo a 1,5, o phalla ho tloha fatše ho ea holimo, o liha mang kapa mang ea khumamang kapa ea oang.
2. Ho lemoha ho dutla hanghang:
3. Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)): E hlahisa e hlabang hanghang, e hlabang ho utlwahala ha fizz nkong, mmetso, le mahlo hammoho le tatso ya metale e bolila le ho hemelana ka tshohanyetso.
4. Anhydrous ammonia (\(NH_3\)): Monko o monate o bipetsang o tjhesang mahlo le matshwafo.
5. Lihatsetsi tsa Halocarbon / HFC: Li monate hanyenyane kapa ha li na monko, li kopana haufi le fatše 'me li baka molikoa-likoane le lefu la pelo.
6. Molao oa pholoso bakeng sa motho ea akhehileng ka har'a pholileng ea ho tsamaea: ** LE KA mohla u se ke ua kena ka har'a se pholileng 'me u lumelle lemati hore le koalehe ka mor'a hao ho hlahloba mosebetsi-'moho le uena ea oeleng.** Sheba bokantle \(CO_2\) / Oxygen Monitor strobe ka ntle ho monyako pele. Prop lemati ** 100 peresente e bulehileng ka bophara ho tloha ka ntle ** e nang le wedge e boima e le hore khase e mokatong e tšolohe, letsetsa 911 / 112 / 999 bakeng sa pholoso ea SCBA, 'me feela u hule phofu ka maqaqailana a bona haeba u ka fihla ho bona u ntse u eme ka ntle ka ntle moeeng o hloekileng; bona ho felloa ke matla sebakeng se koaletsoeng.

Thuso ea pele ka mor'a ho pholosa motho sehatsetsing sa ho tsamaea¶

1. Thibela "afterdrop" ho tšoaroa ha pelo nakong ea hypothermia e matla: Haeba lehlatsipa le qabeletsoe ka nako e fetang metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 60 ** a ferekane, a bua puo e hlabang, a khoptjoa, kapa a khaolitse ho thothomela** (mocheso oa mantlha o ka tlase ho 32 degrees Celsius / 90 degrees Fahrenheit), li tšoare ka bonolo u tšekaletse; bona hypothermia le serame thuso ea pele. **Le ka mohla u se ke ua etsa hore ba tsamaee kapa ba ikoetlise, 'me le ka mohla u se ke ua ba kenya ka shaoareng e chesang **, e ntšang mali a batang a leqhoa ho tloha maotong le maotong ho khutlela pelong (afterdrop) le ho etsa hore ventricular fibrillation.
2. Futhumala kutu ea mantlha pele: Kenya liaparo tse metsi sebakeng sa kamore e futhumetseng, phuthela ka likobo tse omeletseng, tšela liphutheloana tse futhumetseng tse koahetsoeng feela sefubeng, maphakeng le molaleng, 'me u fane ka maro a futhumetseng a monate a sa tahang haeba a falimehile ka botlalo.
3. Futhumatsa serame ka likhato tse 37 ho isa ho tse 39 tsa Celsius (98.6 ho isa ho 102.2 degrees Fahrenheit) metsing: Le ka mohla u se ke ua itlotsa menoana kapa litsebe tse soeufetseng; qoelisa ka metsing a potolohang mocheso oa 'mele metsotso e 20 ho isa ho e 30.

Lenane la tlhahlobo ea polokeho ea lihatsetsi tsa khoebo¶

Motsamaisi e mong le e mong oa reschorente, moapehi, mookameli oa lebenkele le ofisiri ea polokeho ea laboratori o lokela ho hlahloba menyako ea ho kena beke le beke khahlanong le litekanyetso tsena tse hlano tse pholosang bophelo:

• Lekola ka hare ho khanya hoa lefifi ho lokolloa plunger ka Mantaha o mong le o mong hoseng ho hong le ho hong ka Lotlolo e ka ntle E TLOHILE: E-ba le mosebeletsi a le mong a kene ka hare ha mosebeletsi oa bobeli a notlela latch ea ka ntle, ebe o netefatsa hore plunger e ka hare e sutumelletsa hantle ntle le ho khomarela leqhoa ebe e lokolla lemati hang-hang. Hlakola lubricant e thehiloeng ho silicone ea mocheso o tlase holim'a sehlahla sa plunger 'me u nkele likotola leha e le life tse phatlohileng kapa tse sieo hang-hang.
• ** Netefatsa lebone le khanyang ka hare ("lebone la sefofane") le konopo ea ts'ohanyetso / alamo e kentsoeng ka har'a foreimi ea monyako: ** Likhoutu tsa sejoale-joale tsa moaho le litekanyetso tsa UL 471 / NSF 7 li hloka letšoao le khanyang le tsoelang pele ka har'a lebokose, 'me libakeng tse ngata ho na le ** ka hare-hare e tšehelitsoeng ke betri e ts'oanelang ho ts'oara konopo ("MAN TRAPPED alamo) ka kichineng.
• Boloka boema-kepe ba ho imolla khatello bo se na leqhoa ka ho feletseng le mabokose a phuthetsoeng: Le ka mohla u se ke ua phutha mabokose a khateboto ho ea fihla siling ka pel'a boema-kepe bo futhumatsang ba ho leka-lekanya khatello kapa ka pel'a mochine oa sensor o ka hare oa mocheso.
• Le ka mohla u se ke ua paka liraka, liphalete, kapa likotlolo tsa biri ka pel'a tselana e kenang ka ntle ea mamati: Penta 'mala o mosehla "BOLOKA - FREEZER DOOR EGRESS" lebokose la fatše ka ntle ho monyako o mong le o mong oa ho kena e le hore qubu e fetang ea kreiti e se ke ea oela lemating ebe e tšoasa mosebeletsi ka hare.
• Kenya alamo e lekantsoeng ea mekhahlelo e 'meli ea Carbon Dioxide (\(CO_2\)) e nang le pontšo ea ka ntle ka ntle ho pholileng e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e nang le lino-tanka tsa \(CO_2\) kapa leqhoa le omileng: E hlokoa ke NFPA 55 le International Fire Code (IFC) neng kapa neng ha ho feta 45 kilograms (100 pounds) kapa CO peipi e kentsoeng ka $CO_2 e bolokiloeng ka $2.

Linomoro tsa libaka tsa tšohanyetso le liprothokholo tsa mekhatlo¶

Haeba motho a qabeletsoe ka har'a kamore ea khoebo kapa ea polokelo e batang e nang le lemati le petelitsoeng la indasteri kapa sehatsetsi / carbon dioxide e lutla:

• United States le Canada: Letsetsa 911 mme o kope Pholoso ya Setsebi ya Lefapha la Mollo (le HAZMAT haeba ammonia kapa carbon dioxide e dutla). Litekanyetso tsa mmuso le tsa naha tse hlokang mekhoa ea ka hare ea tokollo ea tšohanyetso lihatsetsing tsohle tsa khoebo le lihatsetsi li kenyelletsa OSHA 29 CFR 1910.36 (Litsela tsa ho Tsoa - mamati a tlameha ho buloa ho tsoa ka hare ka linako tsohle ntle le linotlolo kapa lisebelisoa), Molao oa Boipuso le Tšireletso ea Matla / DOE Walk-In Cooler, 1 ANSI, ASHRA* 7 Standard* ASHRA, ASHRA* 7 Standard * ASHRA* 4 15 ** (Tlhaloso ea Tšireletseho bakeng sa Mekhoa ea Lihatsetsi), le ** NFPA 55 ** (Likhase tse Hatelitsoeng le Khoutu ea Mekelikeli ea Cryogenic).
• United Kingdom: Letsetsa 999 kapa 112. E laoloa ke Mookameli oa Bophelo bo Botle le Tšireletseho (HSE) tlas'a Mosebetsi (Bophelo, Tšireletseho le Boiketlo) Regulations 1992, BS EN 378 (Refrigerating Systems and Heat Pumps Safety and Environmental Requirements, e laelang tokollo ea ka hare ea ts'ohanyetso, li-switches tse bonesitsoeng, le alamo e kentsoeng ka har'a Brithani ea Comzeper Association). (BCGA Code of Practice CP 30 bakeng sa polokeho ea khase ea cellar ea seno).
• European Union: Letsetsa 112. Likamore tse batang ho pholletsa le EU li tlameha ho lumellana le ** EN 378-1 ka EN 378-4 ** le ** EN 17893 ** (Likoloi tsa litsela tse futhumetseng le mamati a batang a lisebelisoa tsa tšireletso tsa antipanic).
• Australia le New Zealand: Letsetsa 000 Australia kapa 111 New Zealand. E laoloa ke Mosebetsi o Sireletsehileng oa Australia, AS/NZS 5149 (Lits'ebetso tse Refrigerate le lipompo tsa mocheso - Litlhoko tsa Polokeho le tikoloho), le Litlhoko tsa Naha ea Kaho (NCC) bakeng sa lihape tsa tokollo ea ka hare tsa kamore e pholileng le litloloko tsa tšohanyetso.
• India le Asia-Pacific: Letsetsa 112 India, 119 Japane le Korea Boroa, kapa 995 Singapore.

Lipotso tse botsoang khafetsa¶

A na nka bula sehatsetsi se kenang khoebong ho tsoa kahare haeba motho e mong a ka bea senotlolo se boima moheleng o kantle?¶

Ee. Ho ea ka molao le moralo oa mochini, bokahare ba ka hare ba tšireletso bo khanyang ka har'a sehatsetsing kapa sehatsetsing bo hahiloe ho feta senotlolo sa kantle ka botlalo. Ha u sutumelletsa mushroom plunger ea ka hare ka ho toba ka ntle (kapa u e phutholla ka lehlakoreng la oache holim'a mefuta ea khale ea rotary), thupa e ka hare e ka ntša boutu ea tšepe e ka ntle ho tloha poleiting ea eona kapa e kopanya leleme la ka hare ho tsoa ho mofeng o notletsoeng, ho lumella lemati hore le bulehe haholo leha senotlolo se ntse se notletsoe ka ntle.

Ke hobane'ng ha lemati le kenang ka har'a sehatsetsi le utloa eka le koaletsoe ka ho feletseng hang ka mor'a hore le koalehe ka mor'a ka?¶

Ha u bula lemati la sehatsetsi, moea o futhumetseng o tsoang ka kichineng o kena ka hare. Hang ha lemati le koaleha, sehatsetsi sa minus-20-degree-Celsius (minus-4-degree-Fahrenheit) se bata moea o futhumetseng ka potlako, se etsa hore moea o fokotsehe ka bongata le ho etsa karolo e matla ea vacuum ka har'a lebokose le tiisitsoeng. Phapang eo ea khatello e hulela lemati ka hare khahlanong le tiiso ea eona ea rabara ka matla a fihlang ho lik'hilograma tse 600 (lik'hilograma tse 1,300) bakeng sa metsotsoana e 15 ho isa ho e 30 ho fihlela boema-kepe bo futhumatsang ba lebota bo thusang moea o lekana. Haeba boema-kepe ba moea bo hoamisitsoe ke leqhoa 'me lemati le sa sisinyehe, thellela chelete ea tšepe, senotlolo, spatula, kapa menoana ea hau e kentsoeng ka tlas'a rabara magnetic gasket hukung ea lemati ho lumella moea hore o kene le ho senya vacuum hang-hang.

Ke lokela ho etsa'ng haeba sehatsetsi se ka hare se ka har'a sehatsetsi se hoamisitsoeng ka leqhoa kapa se robehile?¶

Taba ea pele, le ka mohla u se ke ua raha kotola ea polasetiki ka lehlakore ka seeta sa hau, kaha serame se feteletseng se etsa hore molamu o ka hare oa fiberglass o robehe 'me o tla o phatlola. Ho e-na le hoo, kopela matsoho a hao a futhumetseng ho pota-pota botlaaseng ba molaleng oa plunger 'me u butsoe moea o mofuthu holim'a eona metsotsoana e 30 ho isa ho e 60 ho qhibilihisa selikalikoe se tšesaane sa leqhoa se tšoereng shaft, u tobetse ka hare ho milimithara e le 1 ho pshatla leqhoa, ebe u sutumelletsa ka ntle ka matsoho ka bobeli. Haeba kotola ea polasetiki e khaotsoe ka ho feletseng, sheba ka ho toba lesobeng le bulehileng la limilimithara tse 12 (0.5-inch) le kenang monyako 'me u sutumelle sekoahelo se selelele, thermometer ea nama ea tšepe, tšepe e leotsang, kapa sekoti sa lepolanka ka ho toba ka lesoba ho tobetsa ka morao ho poleiti ea ka ntle.

Nka letsa alamo joang ka kichineng haeba ke qabeletsoe ka har'a sehatsetsi se se nang lets'oao la mohala?¶

Hobane aluminiamo e sirelelitsoeng kapa mabota a tšepe a sehatsetsi se sebetsang e le sehatsetsi sa Faraday se thibelang melaetsa ea selefouno, mokhoa oa hau o potlakileng oa ho etsa mats'oao a hau a hole ke ho koetela alamo ea sehatsetsi sa polokeho ea lijo. Fumana mochine o tšesaane oa sensor ea mocheso o kentsoeng leboteng la ka hare (hangata haufi le foreimi e ka holimo ea monyako kapa moea o kenang mouoane) 'me u tšoare ntlha ea kutlo ea tšepe ka thata ka har'a feisi ea hau e futhumetseng kapa u phefumolohe ho eona metsotso e 2 ho isa ho e 5. Ho futhumala ha sensor e nyane ka holimo ho likhato tse 4 ho isa ho tse 10 tsa Celsius (40 ho isa ho 50 likhato tsa Fahrenheit) ho qhekella molaoli oa dijithale ka ntle ho lemati hore a nahane hore sehatsetsi se hlōlehile, ho etsa hore ho be le molumo o lerata ka kichineng le ho romela tlhokomeliso ea mocheso ho batsamaisi.

Hobaneng ho koala kapa ho thibela li-evaporator tse holimo e le mohato o le mong oa bohlokoahali oa ho pholoha haeba ke sa khone ho bula lemati?¶

Moea o ntseng o le ka tlas'a likhato tse 20 tsa Celsius (ka tlase ho likhato tse 4 tsa Fahrenheit) ke motlakase o fokolang oa mocheso, o lumellang motho ea sirelelitsoeng ka khateboto ho phela lihora tse ngata. Leha ho le joalo, karolo ea mouoane e ka holimo e foka moea o ka tlaase ho lefela ka sehatsetsing ka lebelo la lik’hilomithara tse 15 ho isa ho tse 25 ka hora (lik’hilomithara tse 10 ho isa ho tse 15 ka hora), e leng se etsang hore ho be le moea o batang o matla o tlosang mocheso ka potlako makhetlo a mane ho isa ho a tšeletseng ’me o baka serame se potlakileng le hypothermia. Ho tima switch ea fan ea mouoane, ho lokolla lithapo tsa enjene ea fene, kapa ho kenya lipampiri tse bataletseng holim'a li-grill tsa fene hang-hang ho felisa moea o batang ka har'a lebokose.

Ke hobane'ng ha batho ba tsoa ka har'a biri ea reschorenteng le li-coolers tse kenang ka soda?¶

Libaka tse ngata tsa ho jella le li-coolers li na le metsi a mangata kapa li-cylinders tsa carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) tse hatellang mechine ea soda le ho etsa lipompo tsa biri. Kaha cooler e kenang ka hare ke lebokose le se nang moea le nang le moea o hloekileng oa zero, hose e lutlang, regulator kapa valve ea liphallelo e tlatsa kamore ka potlako ka khase ea carbon dioxide e se nang mebala. Hobane mohatsela oa $CO_2$ o boima ho feta moea ka makhetlo a 1.5, o tetebela fatše 'me o baka linko tse hlabang, ho hemela holimo ka potlako, pherekano le ho akheha nakong ea metsotsoana e 60 hang ha maemo a fihla ho 7 ho isa ho 10 lekholong. Haeba u ka utloa monko o bohale oa soda-fizz nkong ea hau ka har'a sehatsetsing, tsoa hang-hang 'me u siee lemati le butsoe ka ntle.

• Tataiso ena e fana ka litaelo tsa ho baleha, ho pholoha, le thuso ea pele bakeng sa ho kena khoebong ka pholileng le sehatsetsing 'me ha e nke sebaka sa koetliso ea polokeho mosebetsing kapa mekhoa ea boenjineri ea sehatsetsi. Nahana ka ho nka thuso ea pele ea thuso ea pele le thupelo ea CPR ho tsoa ho Red Cross, St John Ambulance, kapa mokhatlo oa lehae oa koetliso ea bongaka ba tšohanyetso.

Litataiso tse amanang¶

• Hypothermia le serame thuso ea pele
• Carbon dioxide, ice sublimation e ommeng, naetrojene e metsi, le thuso ea pele ea asphyxiation
• Ho felloa ke moea sebakeng se koaletsoeng: likoti, lisila le litanka
• Sesekha sa nama sa khoebo, se kopanyang hlama, le mochini oa ho jella oa reschorente

Mehloli le tataiso ea semmuso¶

• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA, United States): Litlhoko tsa Moralo le Kaho bakeng sa Litsela Tsa Tsoa - Menyako e Lokela ho notlolloa ho tsoa ka Hare (29 CFR 1910.36(d)) le Libaka tse Koalehileng / Likotsi tsa Sehatsetsi
• British Standards Institution (BSI) le Health and Safety Executive (HSE, United Kingdom): BS EN 378 Refrigerating Systems and Heat Pumps - Litlhoko tsa Polokeho le Tikoloho (Ho Pholoha ha Tšohanyetso ka Hare, Liphetoho tse Khantšitsoeng, le Lialamo tsa Batho ba Lebetsoeng ke Cold Store)
• Underwriters Laboratories (UL) le National Sanitation Foundation (NSF, United States): UL 471 Tekanyetso bakeng sa Lihatsetsi tsa Khoebo le Lihatsetsi le Litlhoko tsa Tokollo ea Tšireletso ea ka Hare ka Monyako
• Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Tšireletso ea Mollo (NFPA, United States) le British Compressed Gases Association (BCGA, United Kingdom): NFPA 55 Ligase tse Khatelitsoeng le Khoutu ea Mekelikeli ea Cryogenic le Khoutu ea Ts'ebetso ea BCGA CP 30 (Tšebeliso e Sireletsehileng ea Li-Beverage Dispense Gases ka Cellars le Walk-In Coolers)
• Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Lienjiniere tsa ho futhumatsa, tse futhumatsang le tse futhumatsang moea (ASHRAE): ANSI/ASHRAE Maemo a 15 a Tšireletseho a Tekanyetso ea Tšireletso bakeng sa Mekhatlo ea Lihatsetsi.