Ho Tlosa Hook e Kenyelitsoeng ho Letlalo le Ho Sireletsa Liphello Tsa Mahlo¶

Hoko ea tlhapi e hlabang e khannoang monoaneng, letsohong, letlalong la hlooho, tsebe kapa mokokotlong nakong ea ho lahlela ka morao kapa ha u ntse u hula tlhapi e hlabang ke e 'ngoe ea maemo a tšohanyetso a atileng ka ntle le a sekepe lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho fapana le nale e boreleli ea ho rōka e thellang e otlolohile moo e kenang teng, hook e tloaelehileng e entsoe ka lehare** le ka morao la tšepe** ka morao ho ntlha e nchocho. Hang ha barb e kenella ka har'a likhoele tse thata tsa collagen tsa dermis ea motho, ** ho hula morao ka ho toba haufi le shaft ho notlela mollo oa barb ka har'a lisele tse kang harpoon **, methapo ea kutlo, methapo ea mali le methapo ntle le ho lokolla hook.

Ho sebetsana ka katleho le hook e kentsoeng ea litlhapi ho hloka liqeto tse peli tsa bohlokoa pele motho leha e le ofe a ka tšoara mabili:

1. Tlhahlobo ea Letšoao le Lefubelu la Anatomical (Ha U Lokela ho Tlosa Hook ea Litlhapi Tšimong): Haeba hook ea tlhapi e kentsoe kahare kapa haufi le leihlo la mahlo kapa mahlo, e kentsoe holim'a ** capsule e kopantsoeng ea monoana kapa flexor tendon sheath **, e patiloeng ka botebo haufi le ** e kholo e bitsoang artery kapa methapo ea kutlo *, molala, methapo ea kutlo kapa methapo ea kutlo * bundle), kapa ** ho kenngoa masapong kapa lefufuru **, ho leka ho ntša tšimo ho ka baka bofofu bo sa feleng, septic flexor tenosynovitis, kapa methapo ea digital e khaotsoeng. Lihakisi tseo li tlameha ho khaoloa ho tloha khoeleng ea ho tšoasa litlhapi, ho tsitsisoa sebakeng ka senoelo se thata kapa moaparo, 'me li tlosoe phaposing ea ho sebetsa sepetlele kapa lefapheng la tšohanyetso.
2. Ho Khetha Mokhoa o Nepahetseng oa Mechini bakeng sa Lihoko tsa Letlalo tse sa Rarollehang: Bakeng sa hook e ka holimo e kentsoeng ka thata letlalong le ka tlas'a letlalo la nama (forearm, namane, palm pad, scalp, back, or dorsal finger pulp hole lenonyello), mekhoa e mene e netefalitsoeng ea mochini bakeng sa "Backless" (** 1. "String-Yank" [Line-Pull] Technique, 3. Mokhoa oa "Advance-and-Cut" oa "Advance-and-Cut", le 4. Mokhoa oa 18-Gauge Needle-Cover **) o tlosa kapa o feta barb ka mokhoa o hloekileng ka metsotsoana.

Tataiso ena e pharalletseng e fana ka tlhahlobo ea "anatomical triage" ea mohato ka mohato, metjhini e ts'oarehang e bonts'itsoeng, mokhoa oa ho tlosa lithapo tse nang le lithaelese tse ngata pele o sebetsa, le nosetso ea maqeba ka mor'a ho tlosoa, tetanus, le tataiso ea lithibela-mafu tsa metsing * Vibrio * / Aeromonas tse tsamaellanang le Wilderness Medical Society (WMS), American Physical College of American (American Physical). Ophthalmology (AAO), le International Federation of Red Cross le Red Crescent Societies (IFRC).

Etsa sena hona joale¶

Haeba uena kapa motho e mong ea ka seketsoaneng sa hau, boema-kepe kapa lebopong la noka a e-na le hook ea tlhapi e kentsoeng 'meleng ea hae:

1. Seha Mohala oa ho Tšoasa Litlhapi Hang-hang ('me U Haole Litlhapi Tse Hlahang):
2. Pele u etsa ntho leha e le efe e 'ngoe, khaola khoele ea ho tšoasa litlhapi ea taut e kopantsoeng le molamu (o siea bonyane ** 15 ho 20 centimeters [6 ho 8 inches]** ea slack line e tlamelletsoeng ka leihlong la hook haeba u rata, kapa u e khaola ka ho feletseng), 'me haeba tlhapi e phelang e ntse e khomaretsoe hook e' ngoe ka leraba le tšoanang, ** hula kapa u khaole litlhapi hang-hang **. Ho otla ha mohatla ho tsoa ho bass, pike, kapa tlhapi ea metsi a letsoai e tla hahola hoko e kentsoeng ka letsoho ka matla ka monoana kapa sefahlehong sa motho ea hlasetsoeng.
3. **EMA 'me u hlahlobe "U se ke ua Tlosa Tšimong" Lifolakha tse Khubelu **:
4. Le ka mohla u se ke ua leka ho tlosa hook ea tlhapi ka bouena haeba e le haufi kapa haufi:
   • Leihlo, Cornea, Sclera, kapa Leihlo (kotsi ea ho phunyeha ha globe e bulehileng le bofofu bo sa feleng).
   • ** Botebong ka har'a Monoana oa Monoana, Knuckle, kapa Palmar Flexor Tendon ** (haeba ho tsamaisa monoana ho etsa hore hook e be teng pele le morao, hook e kenngoa ka har'a tendon).
   • Molala, Bophahamo, Ntlha ea Letsoho la Letsoho, Litho Tsa Botona, kapa Lefufuru le Tebileng la Tsebe/Nko.
5. Haeba * leha e le efe * ea lifolakha tse khubelu li le teng, ** tsitsisa hook sebakeng sa ** (koahela hook ea mahlo ka kopi e thata ea pampiri e kentsoeng lesapong la marapo le lerameng; ho pota-potile hoko e kopanetsoeng ka gauze e ngata) 'me u ee hang-hang lefapheng la tšohanyetso la sepetlele.
6. Simola li-Prong tsa mahala tsa Multi-Hook Lure kapa Treble Hook Pele U ama Ntlha e Kenyellelitsoeng:
7. Haeba hoko e nang le menoana e meraro kapa plug ea crankbait e nang le ntlha e le 'ngoe e patiloe monoaneng le lintlha tse peli tse bohale tse leketlileng moeeng, ** LE KA mohla u leke ho hula kapa ho sututsa hook e kentsoeng ha li-prong tse ling li ntse li pepesitsoe**:
8. Sebelisa lithapo tse thata tse sehang ka mahlakoreng (lithapo tsa terata tse diagonal) ho ** ho phunya lintlha tse sa lefelloeng, tse sa kenngoeng tsa hook ** (kapa khaola selikalikoe se arohaneng se khaolang 'mele oa polasetiki oa hokong ea treble, le sekoti sa theipi, liraba tsa rabara, kapa teipi e teteaneng ea khoele holim'a lintlha tse sa lefelloeng) ha u ntse u sireletsa mahlo a mokuli.
9. Kamehla Beha Likhalase tsa Tšireletseho (kapa Ligalase tsa Letsatsi) ho Mokuli le Mopholosi ka Bobeli:
10. Hore na o sebelisa mokhoa oa String-Yank (o hulelang huku ka morao letlalong ka lebelo le phahameng) kapa mokhoa oa Advance-and-Cut (moo ho khaba le tšepe e nang le k'habone e phahameng ka lithapo tsa terata ho hlahisang tšepe e khaotsoeng joalo ka kulo), batho ka bobeli ba tlameha ho roala ts'ireletso ea mahlo (le holim'a terata kapa holim'a lesela la letsoho).
11. Khetha Mokhoa oa Hao oa ho Ema o Thehiloe ho Mofuta oa Hook (Single vs. Treble, Shallow vs. Deep):
12. Sekoti se Seng se Seng sa Letlalo ka Letlalo le Nama: Sebelisa Mokhoa oa String-Yank (Line-Pull) (tobetsa shank flat khahlano le letlalo ho ntša leqeba, 'me u tabohe hamonate haufi le axis ea shank ka lupu ea khoele e lohiloeng ea ho tšoasa litlhapi).
13. Deep Single-Barb Hook kapa Treble Hook: Kapa ha ntlha e se e ntse e tente ka tlas'a letlalo, sebelisa Advance-and-Cut Technique (khannela ntlha ka pele ka letlalo, khaola lehare ka lithapo tsa terata, 'me u khutlisetse shaft e boreleli ntle le hlooho).
14. Nosetsa ka Tlas'a Khatello e Phahameng 'me U hlahlobe Likokoana-hloko tsa Tetanus le Marine (Vibrio / Aeromonas):
15. Le ka mohla u se ke ua koala kapa ua suture leqeba la ho phunngoa hook. Hlatsoa 'me u hlatsoe pina ea ho phunya ka matla ka bonyane 250 ho isa ho 500 limililithara tsa metsi a hloekileng a nooang kapa letsoai le sa hloekang (le ka mohla u se ke ua hlatsoa leqeba ka letša, noka kapa metsi a leoatle), ntlafatsa ente ea tetanus ha ho hlokahala, 'me u shebelle ka hloko bofubelu bo jalang ka potlako (marinewater Vibricus vulnaAficus Aficus kapa philafila letšollo*).

Fishhook anatomical triage and extraction method flowchart¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Fishhook e Kentsoeng ka Letlalo kapa 'Meleng oa 'mele"] --> CutLine["MOHATO OA 1: Khaola khoele ea ho tšoasa litlhapi ho tloha molamu hang-hang<br/>Tlosa litlhapi leha e le life tse phelang tse thulang; beha likhalase tsa letsatsi / tšireletso ea mahlo ho mokuli & mopholosi"]

    CutLine --> RedFlags{"MOHATO OA 2: ANATOMICAL RED-FLAG CHECK<br/>Na hoko e teng kapa e haufi le E FE KA EFE ea tse latelang?<br/>1. Leihlo, Cornea, Sclera, kapa Leihlo<br/>2. Monoana Kopanelo Capsule kapa Flexor Tendon (hook e sisinyeha ha monoana o ntse o kobeha)<br/>3. Methapo e Meholo/Methapo (Molala, Letsoho, Mokokotlo, Lateral Finger Bundle)<br/>4. E hoketsoe ka har'a Lefufuru la Lesapo kapa Letsebe le Tebileng/Nko"}

    RedFlags -->|YES: High-Risk Anatomy| DoNotPull["U SE KE UA LEKELA HO TLOA TŠEBELETSO <br/>• Bakeng sa Leihlo/Eyelid: Koahela hook & leihlo le nang le kopi e thata ea pampiri e kentsoeng masapong a orbital; <br/>patlisa mahlo a BOTHO ho emisa motsamao oa mahlo a conjugate -> Letsetsa 911 / Emergency Ophthalmology <br/>• Bakeng sa Tendon/Joint/Joint/Wireters cut, Cutpassel body ho pota-potile hook e nang le gauze e ngata, monoana o kopantsoeng / leoto -> E-ea Sepetlele ED"]

    RedFlags -->|NO: Superficial Skin/Subcutaneous Hook Only| DisarmLure["MOHATO 3: Haeba Treble Hook kapa Lure Plug:<br/>Seha selikalikoe ho tlosa 'mele o hohelang LE ho phunya (kapa cork/tape)<br/>lintlha tsohle tsa mahala tse sa kenngoeng tsa hook pele u ama hook e kentsoeng"]

    DisarmLure --> BarbCheck{"MOHATO 4: Khetha Mokhoa oa ho Ema ka Mofuta oa Hook le botebo"}

    BarbCheck -->|Barbless Hook OR Barb Was Pinched Flat| Retrograde["MOKHOA OA 1: RETROGRADE RETROGRADE BACK OUT"]

    BarbCheck -->|Shallow Single-Barb Hook in Fleshy Skin<br/>(Forearm, Calf, Back, Scalp, Palm Pad)<br/>Note: Avoid on loose thin skin like earlobe| StringYank["MOKHOA OA 2: MOKHOA OA 'KHOLO-YANK' (LINE-HULA) <br/>1. Luka thapo e thata e lohiloeng ho potoloha bohareng ba hoko e kobehileng e kobehileng<br/>2. Tobetsa hook EYE le SHANK fatše khahlanong le letlalo (hlakola barb)<br/>3. Hlakola thapo e bapileng le shank axis (hole le leihlo)"]

    BarbCheck -->|Deeply Buried Hook, Treble Hook, Thin Loose Skin,<br/>OR Point Already Tenting Under Skin Surface| AdvanceCut["MOKHOA OA 3: MOKHOA OA 'ADVANCE-AND-CUT' (E Tšepahala ka 100%)<br/>1. Letlalo le nang le leqhoa kapa lidocaine ea lehae (haeba le koetlisitsoe/tliniking)<br/>2. grip shank e notlelang pliers & khannela pele ka letlalo <br/>3. Tlola ntlha e hlabang (e sireletsang ka lesela) 'me ka morao shaft e tsoe ka ntle <br/>(E 'ngoe haeba leihlo le le bonolo ho le khaola: Ntša hook leihlo 'me u hule ntlha hohle)"]

    StringYank --> WoundCare["MOHATO WA 5: MOLAO OA HO TLOSOA LE LEBE LE TŠEBELETSO <br/>• Flush track with 250-500 mL metsi a nooang/saline (HA HO LE letša/metsi a leoatle)<br/>• Tlohela ho phunya ho butsoe (ha ho na sutures); ntjhafatsa Tetanus booster haeba >lilemo tse 5<br/>• Lekola Vibrio (metsi a letsoai) kapa Aeromonas (metsi a hloekileng)"]
    AdvanceCut --> WoundCare
    Retrograde --> WoundCare

Anatomy of Fishhook le Ke Hobane'ng ha ho hula ha bonolo ho hloleha¶

Ho utloisisa hore na ke hobane'ng ha mekhoa ea String-Yank le Advance-and-Cut e sebetsa, sheba likarolo tse tšeletseng tsa sebōpeho sa hook ea tlhapi:

1. Leihlo: Lesale la tšepe le kaholimo ho hoko moo khoele ea ho tšoasa litlhapi e tlamelloang teng.
2. The Shank: Thepa e otlolohileng e otlolohileng e tlohang leihlong ho ea fihla moo e kobehang. (Tlhokomeliso: Li-hook tsa Live-bait tse kang Baitholder hook li boetse li na le li-2 tse nyenyane tse shebileng ka morao ** li-shank barbs tse sehiloeng ** tse sehiloeng ka morao ho shank e otlolohileng ka boeona ho tšoara liboko, e leng lintlha tsa bohlokoa ha u khetha pakeng tsa ho khaola ntlha khahlanong le ho khaola leihlo).
3. The Bend: Karolo e kobehileng e bopehileng joaloka U tlase ho huku.
4. Ntlha: Keletso e hlabang ka nale.
5. The Barb: Tshepe e lebileng ka morao e tswella ka morao ho ntlha e hlahellang ka ntle ho leba mokokoting o ka hare wa huku.
6. Lekhalo le 'Metso: Sebaka se pakeng tsa ntlha/barb le shank e otlolohileng.

The Biomechanics of Barb Engagement: Hobane barb e lutse holim'a kahare (concave) tšobotsi ea ntlha ea hook, ho hula ka ho toba holim'a leihlo la hook ho khanna lekhalo le ka hare la hoko ho ea holimo, e qobella lehare le bohale ho teba ka har'a likhoele tse thata tsa collagen tsa dermis. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ** ho tobetsa hook le shank e otlolohileng ka ho tiea HO TLA TLAS'A letlalo* ho kobeha ho kobeha ha hoko ho ea tlase, ho bilikisa lehare ho tsoa ho dermal collagen fibers le ka har'a lesoba le manyenyane le seng le betliloeng ke 'mele o pharaletseng oa ntlha ea hook.

Papiso ea Mekhoa e 4 ea Semmuso ea ho Tlisa Fishhook¶

Tataiso ea Tšimo ea Mohato ka Mohato ho Mokhoa o Mong le o Mong oa ho Ema¶

Boitokisetso Pele ho Nōpo Efe kapa Efe (Ho Hloekisa, Ho Fokotsa Libetsa, le Ho Numbia)¶

1. Hlatsoa letlalo le hoko: Hloekisa sebaka sa ho kena le tšepe e pepeneng ea hoko hantle ka povidone-iodine (Betadine), chlorhexidine, li-alcohol, kapa sesepa le metsi a hloekileng a nooang.
2. Sheba Botšepehi ba Neurovascular le Tendon Pele (Haholo-holo ka menoana le matsoho):
3. Pele o ama hook, leka ** maikutlo a lintlha tse peli ** mahlakoreng ka bobeli a ntlha ea monoana (ho netefatsa hore methapo ea radial le ulnar digital e tiile), hlahloba ** capillary refill (< 2 seconds)**, 'me u kōpe motho hore a tsokotse ntlha ea monoana ka bonolo ha a ntse a sisinyeha: haeba hook e kentsoeng e thella kapa e tsamaea e notlehile ka mothapo ha monoana o koba, EMA: huku e ka har'a lesapo 'me e hloka tlhokomelo ea sepetlele.
4. Disarm Treble Hooks le Mele e Ratang:
5. Haeba lesela le boima la lepolanka kapa la polasetiki le khomaretsoe ka selikalikoe se arohaneng ho hook ea treble, tšoara hook e kentsoeng e tsitsitse ka ho feletseng ka para e le 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa nko ea nale ha u ntse u sebelisa lipekere tse sehang ka mahlakoreng ho ** khaola selikalikoe se arohaneng ** (ho tlosa 'mele o boima oa leraba) le ** khaola lintlha tse peli tse sa lefelloeng tsa hook **.
6. Analgesia ea Tšimong (Mokhoa oa ho Fokotsa Letlalo Ntle le Lidocaine):
7. Bakeng sa mokhoa oa String-Yank, ha ho na palo e hlokahalang hobane ho ntšoa ho nka nako e ka tlase ho metsotsoana e 0.2.
8. Bakeng sa mokhoa oa Advance-and-Cut lefeelleng (ha o se na 1% ea lidocaine bakeng sa ho kenella sebakeng sa heno kapa methapo ea methapo ea dijithale), tšoara ** ice cube kapa pakete e batang e phuthetsoeng ka lesela le hloekileng khahlanong le letlalo holim'a hook e patiloeng bakeng sa metsotso e 3 ho isa ho e 5 ** ho fihlela sebaka sa ho tsoa se fetoha se soeufetse pele u khanna ntlha.

Mokhoa oa 1: Mokhoa oa "String-Yank" (Line-Pull), Mohato ka Mohato¶

Mokhoa oa String-Yank o sebetsa ka ho kopanya matla a mabeli ka nako e le 'ngoe likhutlong tse nepahetseng (Khatello e tlase e potolohang ho shank ho phunya barb ka ntle ho dermis + **Tsela e tšekaletseng mokokotlong ** ho thellela hook ho tsoa tseleng ea eona e kobehileng):

1. Tlamisa setho sa 'mele sebakeng se bataletseng, se thata: Etsa hore mokuli a behe letsoho la hae pele, letsoho kapa leoto la hae le bataletse holim'a benche ea sekepe, lepolanka la boema-kepe kapa tafoleng e le hore a se ke a khona ho hula ha a ntse a tsamaea.
2. Lula thapo ho potoloha bohareng ba kobeho e kobehileng: Nka 60-centimeter (24-inch) ea khoele e thata e lohiloeng ea ho tšoasa litlhapi (teko ea 20 ho isa ho 50 lb), khoele e ka hare ea paracord, kapa floss e boima ea meno e imenneng habeli, e fete ho potoloha bohareng ba lekhalo le kobehileng (), 'me u phuthele lesela le kobehileng ka ho le letona. menoana e ka sehloohong le menoana e bohareng (kapa ho pota-potile letsoho la lesela la ho tšoasa litlhapi kapa pliers e le hore mohala o se ke oa khaola menoana) hoo e ka bang **15 ho 20 centimeters (6 ho isa ho 8 inches) ho tloha hook **.
3. Etsa "Shank Press" ea Bohlokoa ka Monoana oa Hao o sa Laoleheng:
4. Beha monoana o motona (kapa monoana oa letsoho) oa letsoho la hao le leng ka ho toba ka holim'a ** leihlo la hook le shank e otlolohileng e bataletseng **, 'me ** tobetsa shank ka tieo HO TLA TLASE ho letlalo la mokuli ** ho fihlela shank e batla e bapile le holim'a letlalo 'me u bona letlalo lesobeng la ho kena le theoha hanyenyane.
5. Hobaneng batho ba sa rutehang ba bangata ba hloleha ho String-Yank: Haeba u ka tlola ho tobetsa leihlo la hook fatše fatše khahlanong le letlalo, barb e lula e notletsoe ka har'a 'me ho hula khoele ho tla utloisa mokuli bohloko. Ho hatella leihlo ho theosa ho potoloha barb e patiloeng holimo hole le lesela le tebileng ho ea tseleng e seng e khaotsoe ke ntlha.
6. Lekanya Khoele e Bapileng le Shank le Snap Briskly:
7. Ha u ntse u boloka khatello e tiileng ea monoana oa letsoho holim'a leihlo / shank, tlisa letsoho la hao le hulang khoele fatše e le hore khoele e tsamaee ** e bapile hantle le shank e otlolohileng ea hook (e supa ka ho toba ho tloha leihlo la hook, ka lehlakoreng la 0-to-15-degree ho ea letlalo, LE KA mohla u hule ka ho toba moeeng)**.
8. Nts'oa butle butle ho netefatsa hore khoele e bohareng ba kobeha, ebe ** fana ka sephali se le seng, sa makhaola-khang, se kang sephali se otlolohileng haufi le mola oa shank **.
9. Hook e tla hlahella ka ntle ho lesoba la ho kena ka karoloana ea motsotsoana ka bohloko bo ka bang lefela. (Etsa batho ba ka thōko ho moleng oa mollo 'me u roale likhalase, ha hook e fofa ho latela khoele).

Mokhoa oa 2: Mokhoa oa "Advance-and-Cut", Mohato ka Mohato¶

Ha hook e patoa ka botebo haholo hore e ka hatella sekoti sa shank, ha e le ** selikalikoe se hook ** (eo ntlha ea eona e khumamelang ka hare ho likhato tse 90), ha e le ** tsebe e bonolo kapa sebaka sa marang-rang **, kapa ha ntlha e bohale e se e ntse e hema letlalo ho tloha ka tlaase, ** le ka mohla u se ke ua hula morao ***: ho e-na le hoo, latela mokokotlo oa tlhaho oa hook *

1. Sheba Shank bakeng sa Li-Barbs tsa "Baitholder" tsa Bobeli PELE ho Qala:
2. Sheba ka hloko shank e otlolohileng ea hook e hlahang ka ntle ho letlalo.
3. Standard Smooth Shank (90% ea lihakisi): U tla sutumelletsa ntlha le ho hlaba letlalong, u ntše ntlha e hlabang, ebe u khutlisetsa shank e boreleli ka tsela eo e keneng ka eona.
4. Baitholder Shank (e nang le metsu e menyenyane e 2 e shebileng ka morao e sehiloeng ka har'a shaft e otlolohileng) KAPA Fly Hook with Heavy Thread/Feathers: Ha u sutumelletsa ntlha 'me u poma ntlha, u ke ke ua khutlisa shank e hlabang kapa e masiba morao ntle le ho tabola leqeba. Ho e-na le hoo, bakeng sa ho hoka kapa ho fofa, u sutumelletsa ntlha ka letlalo, **u phunya HOOK EYE e lehlakoreng la ho kena **, ebe u hula hook e setseng pele ho tsoa ka lesoba la ho tsoa.
5. Khanna Hook Point Pele ka Letlalo:
6. Tšoara shank e ka holimo ea hoko ka thata ka lithapa tse notlelang (Vise-Grips), lipolanka tse boima tsa nko, kapa li-hemostats tse tiileng.
7. Ho latela mokokotlo oa tlhaho oa selikalikoe oa hook ea hook, potoloha letsoho la hao hantle le ka tieo ho ** sutumelletsa ntlha e bohale e patiloeng holimo ka tlas'a dermis ** ho fihlela bobeli ** ntlha le karolo eohle e ka morao ea barb ** e hlaha ka ho feletseng ka holim'a letlalo.
8. Khutlisetsa Setsipa (Ho Sireletsa Khahlanong le Metal Flying):
9. Hang ha barb e se e le ka ntle ho letlalo ka ho feletseng, thellela mehlahare ea **likotla tse thata tse tšekaletseng tsa terata ** ka tlas'a barb.
10. Koahela ntlha ea lithapo ka thaole kapa ka letsoho la hao le entsoeng ka liatlana (e le hore ntlha ea tšepe e patiloeng e se ke ea thunya ka leihlong la mang kapa mang) 'me u phumole ntlha eo ebe u barb.
11. Khutlisetsa Shaft e Boreleli ka ntle ho Tsela ea eona ea ho Kena:
12. Tšoara molamu o setseng o boreleli, o se nang hlooho haufi le leihlo 'me u o bilikise hantle ho ea morao ho tsoa ka lesoba la ho kena.

Mokhoa oa 3: Mokhoa oa 18-Gauge oa "Sekoahelo sa Nale" (Bakeng sa Lingaka le Lingaka)¶

Tleliniki ea tšohanyetso kapa setsing sa bongaka se tsoetseng pele se nang le lidocaine ea lehae le sterile 18-gauge (kapa 16-gauge) bevel-tip hypodermic nale:

1. Kamora ho kenella ka 1% ea lidocaine ho potoloha sebaka sa ho kena, tšoara serinji/nale ka pulo ea bevel e shebileng mokokotlo o kahare oa huku.
2. Thelelisa nale ea 18-gauge tlase haufi le bokahare ba hook ka mokoting oa ho kena (ho latela pina e entsoeng ke hook) ho fihlela ntlha ea nale e otla lesela le patiloeng ** holimo le holim'a ntlha e bohale ea barb, sheathing (capping) barb ka hare ho lumen e sekoti ea nale**.
3. Koala nale le hook shank hammoho ka thata lipakeng tsa monoana o motona le monoana oa pele (kapa ka hemostat) hore nale e se ke ea thella leqeba, hatella shank hanyenyane, 'me fetola yuniti e notletsoeng ea hokoe-le-nale ka morao ho tsoa leqebeng hammoho.

Tlhokomelo ea Maqeba ka mor'a ho Tlosoa: Hobaneng Maqeba a Fishhook a Leoatleng le Metsing a Hloekileng a Tšoaroa Habonolo¶

Hope ha ho mohla e hlapang: e 'nile ea huloa ka har'a mucus oa tlhapi, makhakhapha, li-bait shrimp, squid e sehiloeng, seretse sa letša, kapa metsi a leoatle a letsoai.

1. Ho Nosetsa ka Mohatelli o Phahameng (Le ka mohla U se ke Ua Suture Ho Puncture ea Fishhook)¶

• Lumella ho phunya mali hakhutšoanyane metsotsoana e 15 ho isa ho e 30 ho thusa ho ntša litšila ka har'a pina e tebileng, ebe u hlatsoa letlalo la kantle ka sesepa le metsi a hloekileng.
• Nosetsa ka tlas'a khatello ka 250 ho isa ho 500 ml ea metsi a nooang kapa letsoai le hloekisitsoeng le tloaelehileng: Haeba u na le sering ea polasetiki ea nosetso (kapa botlolo ea metsi e hloekileng ea polasetiki e nang le lesoba le lenyenyane le phunyeletsoeng ka har'a kepisi), hula jete e nang le khatello e phahameng ea metsi a nooang a hloekileng kapa a sa hloekang a 0.9% 'me u tsoe ka har'a sekoting sa tlhapi ka ho toba. ** LE KA mohla u se ke ua hlatsoa leqeba ka metsi a leoatle, kou, noka kapa letša.
• Tlohela leqeba LE BUMELE: Le ka mohla u se ke ua sebelisa lintho tse koaletsoeng ke serurubele, sekhomaretsi sa letlalo (Dermabond), kapa stitches leqebeng la ho phunngoa ha huku; Ho koala libaktheria ka har'a tsela e moqotetsane ea ho phunya ho baka sekoba nakong ea lihora tse 48. Tšela lesela le lesesaane la petrolatum kapa setlolo sa lithibela-mafu le bandege e hlephileng.

2. Tetanus Booster le Likokoana-hloko tse Phahameng tsa Metsing tse Kotsing (Vibrio vulnificus, Aeromonas, le Erysipelothrix)¶

• Tetanus Prophylaxis: Kaha lihuku tsa litlhapi ke maqeba a litšila a ho phunngoa, ho hlokahala tetanus booster (Tdap kapa Td) haeba e se e fetile lilemo tse fetang 5 ho tloha ha mokuli a e-na le leqeba la ho qetela la tetanus (kapa pele ho lilemo tse 10 bakeng sa leqeba le hloekileng; bona Tataiso ea maqeba a maqeba a maqeba a mahlahahlaha).
• Ha ho Hlokahala Prophylactic Oral Antibiotics:
• Bakeng sa motho ea phelang hantle ea nang le huku e hloekileng, e ka holimo-limo ea letlalo e tlositsoeng ka potlako letsohong kapa leotong, hangata lithibela-mafu tsa molomo ha li hlokehe haeba leqeba le nosetsoa hantle.
• ** Prophylactic oral lithibela-mafu HO kgothaletswa ** haeba hook ea tlhapi e kene ** botebong ba letsoho kapa monoana **, e ama ** lesapo, tendon, kapa lefufuru **, e etsahetse ka ** tlhapi e silafalitsoeng haholo / marine bait slime **, kapa e etsahetse ** mokuli ea se nang immunocompromised, mokuli oa lefu la tsoekere, kapa mang kapa mang ea nang le lefu la sebete le sa foleng kapa tšepe ea cir.
• Baktheria e Khethehileng ea Metsing eo Cephalexin e Tloaelehileng (Keflex) kapa Penicillin e Fetileng:
  1. Metsi a Letsoai / Metsi a Brackish (Haholo-holo Kou ea Mexico, Mabopo a Atlantic/Pacific a US, le Maoatle a Tropike): Vibrio vulnificus le Vibrio parahaemolyticus: E ka baka ho phatloha ho hoholo, ho tsoa mali necrotizing fasciitis le lefu le bolaeang le nang le lefu la septic ka lihora tse 2 ka mor'a lihora tse 4*2). E hloka Doxycycline (100 mg PO habeli ka letsatsi) Mmoho le Cephalosporin ea Boraro kapa Fluoroquinolone (e kang Ciprofloxacin kapa Levofloxacin). (Gulf of Mexico)
  2. Matša a Metsi a Hloekileng, Linoka, le Catfish Slime: Aeromonas hydrophila: E baka cellulitis e tsoelang pele ka potlako nakong ea lihora tse 24; e hloka Fluoroquinolone (Ciprofloxacin / Levofloxacin) kapa Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX / Bactrim) (hammoho le amoxicillin-clavulanate bakeng sa limela tse tloaelehileng tsa letlalo).
  3. Ho sebetsana le Sekala sa Litlhapi, Likhetla tsa Crab, kapa Raw Bait: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae ("Fish Handler's Disease" / Erysipeloid): E baka lekhalo le ikhethang, le otlang, le arohaneng ka mokhoa o hlakileng ** letlapa le nang le mabifi (le pherese-bofubelu) le phahamisitseng letlapa le lengata ka mor'a matsatsi a 7 ka monoana. amoxicillin/penicillin kapa ciprofloxacin, empa ka tlhaho e hanana le vancomycin).
  4. Maqhutsu a sa Feleng a Granulomatous (Libeke tse 2 ho isa ho tse 6 hamorao): Mycobacterium marinum: E hlahisa libeke ka mor'a ho phunya tlhapi e le leqhubu le ntseng le hōla butle-le-pherese monoaneng kapa letsohong le hlōlehang ho thibela lithibela-mafu.

Lipotso tse botsoang khafetsa¶

Motsoalle oa ka o ile a ts'oaroa monoana ke hook e nang le menoana e meraro holim'a leraba la bass: huku e le 'ngoe e patiloe ho feta barb monoana oa hae,' me lihakisi tse ling tse peli li leketlile haufi le monoana oa hae o motona. Ntho ea pele eo ke lokelang ho e etsa ke efe?¶

Pele u nahana ka ho tlosa hook e kentsoeng, imobilise letsoho la hae 'me u theole li-prong tse ling tse peli tse pepeneneng tsa hook ea treble e le hore flinch ea tšohanyetso e se ke ea hula monoana oa hae o motona kapa letsoho la hao. Sebelisa lithaere tsa nko ea nale ho tšoara hook e kentsoeng e tsitsitse ka ho felletseng, 'me u sebelise para ea bobeli ea lithapo tse thata tse tšekaletseng (li-cutters tsa mahlakoreng) ho phunya selikalikoe se kopanyang 'mele o boima oa polasetiki le hokong, ebe u khaola lintlha tse peli tsa mahala tse sa kenngoeng (ho etsa bonnete ba hore bobeli ba lona le roetse likhalase kapa lesela le sirelelitsoeng ka likhalase tsa letsatsi. lintlha ha li fofa ka leihlo la mang kapa mang). Hang ha u se u fokolitse hook ea treble ho ea ho shaft e le 'ngoe e kentsoeng, hlahloba hore na a ka khona ho tsamaisa monoana oa hae ka bonolo ntle le hook e tsamaeang le tendon,' me u sebelise mokhoa oa Advance-and-Cut (kapa u ee tleliniking ea tlhokomelo e potlakileng bakeng sa "lidocaine" e se nang bohloko ea methapo ea methapo ea digital.

Ke hobane'ng ha mokhoa oa String-Yank o ile oa hlōleha ha ke leka ho ntša hook letsohong la motsoalle oa ka, 'me ke etsa bonnete ba hore e sebetsa tekong ea pele?¶

Liphesente tse mashome a robong a metso e mehlano tsa ho hloleha ha String-Yank li etsahala ka lebaka le leng la mabaka a mabeli a ts'ebetso: mohlomong mopholosi o lebetse ho tobetsa leihlo la hook le shank e otlolohileng e bataletseng ka thata khahlanong le letlalo ka monoana o motona o sa tsitsang pele ba hula, kapa ba hulela khoele holimo ka lebelo la 45-degree ho e-na le ho phunya ka thata ho bapa le letlalo le haufi le lesela. Ho hatella hook leihlo le bataletse khahlanong le letlalo ke mohato oa bohlokoa o potolohang barb e patiloeng ka ntle ho likhoele tse thata tsa dermal collagen; hang ha barb eo e se e khaotsoe, e khaola khoele ka lebelo ka lebelo la 0-to-10-degree hang-hang ho tloha hook eye e thellela huko ntle le matsapa ho tsoa tseleng ea eona e kobehileng.

Ke hobane'ng ha ke sa khone ho hlatsoa leqeba le qetang ho ntšoa ka letšeng kapa metsing a leoatle haufi le sekepe?¶

Le ka mohla u se ke ua hlatsoa leqeba le bulehileng ka letša, noka, letangoana kapa metsi a leoatle. Libaka tsa tlhaho tsa metsi a hloekileng li na le libaktheria tsa Aeromonas hydrophila, le metsi a futhumetseng a lebopong la leoatle kapa a letsoai (joalo ka Kou ea Mexico le libaka tse lebōpong la leoatle) koung ea Vibrio vulnificus le Mycobacterium marinum. Ho khannela letša kapa metsi a leoatle tseleng e ncha ea ho phunya ho kenya libaktheria tse mabifi tsa metsing ka tlas'a letlalo la hao, moo li ka bakang cellulitis e matla kapa mafu a kotsi a necrotizing a lisele tse bonolo nakong ea lihora tse 24. Hlatsoa maqeba a likoti tsa tlhapi ka linako tsohle ka metsi a nooang a libotlolong, metsi a pompo a nooang, kapa saline e tloaelehileng e hloekisitsoeng ho tsoa khiting ea hau ea thuso ea pele. (Gulf of Mexico)

• Tataiso ena ke ea merero ea tlhahisoleseling 'me ha e nke sebaka sa tlhahlobo ea bongaka ea setsebi. Hobane likotsi tsa kantle le tsa leoatleng hangata li etsahala hole le lipetlele, re khothaletsa ka matla ho nka thupelo e netefalitsoeng ea Wilderness First Aid (WFA) le CPR ka Wilderness Medical Society, International Federation of Red Cross le Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), sechaba sa hau sa Red Cross, St John Ambulance, kapa mofani oa lehae ea netefalitsoeng.

Mehloli e hlahlobiloe¶

• Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) & Auerbach's Wilderness Medicine: Taolo ea Tšimo le Mekhoa ea ho Emola Litlhapi tse Embedded (Retrograde, String-Yank, Nale-Cover, le Advance-and-Cut Protocols).
• American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) & *Roberts and Hedges' Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine *: * Soft Tissue Foreign Body le Fishhook Removal *.
• American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO): *Taolo ea Tlhaselo ea Ocular Fishhook Trauma le Open-Globe Shielding *.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, United States): Vibrio vulnificus le Aquatic Wound Infection Prevention and Tetanus Prophylaxis Guidelines.

Litataiso tse amanang¶

• Ho thakhisoa le ho tsitsisa ntho e tsoang kantle ho naha
• Maqeba a hlajoang habonolo, manala a rusitseng le ho silafala ha mobu
• Likotsi tsa mahlo le ho nosetsa mahlo ka lik'hemik'hale
• Necrotizing fasciitis (tšoaetso e jang nama) le lifolakha tse khubelu tsa cellulitis
• Li-Stingray barbs, sea urchin spines, le chefo ea stonefish
• Linomoro tsa maemo a tshohanyetso ho ea ka linaha