Bathroom Subfloor Soft Spoor, Li-Joists tse Bolileng, le Bate kapa Likotsi tsa ho Tebela ntlwaneng.¶

Ha u tsoa ka shaoareng kapa u lutse ka ntloana ho hlahisa seponche se kulang ka tlas'a maoto, ha lithaele tsa fatše tsa ceramic li qala ho phunya mela ea grout ka selikalikoe se pota-potileng ntloana, kapa ha lekhalo la limilimithara tse 3 ho isa ho tse 10 (⅛-to-⅜-inch) le buleha ka tšohanyetso lipakeng tsa moeli o ka tlase oa lerako le terata ea hau ea ho hlapela. Li-joists tse ka tlas'a lepolanka li ntse li hlōleha ka lebaka la ho tlala metsi le ho bola ha fungal. Mohahong oa foreimi ea mapolanka, likamore tsa ho hlapela li shebane le batho ba shoeleng ka ho fetelletseng 'me ba phela ka har'a phaposi e nyane ka ho fetesisa ea ntlo: bate e tloaelehileng ea lisenthimithara tse 150 (maoto a mahlano) e nang le lilithara tse 225 tsa metsi a ho hlapa hammoho le motho ea hlapang e moholo o boima ba **320 ho isa ho 450 ho isa ho 450 lik'hilograma, 700 lik'hilograma. tub ea tšepe e inelang ka tšepe kapa tub e jete ea whirlpool e tletseng metsi e fetang 550 ho isa ho 800 kilograms (1,200 ho 1,750 pounds) e lutse ka maoto a mane a masesaane kapa seporo sa ledger.

Sebakeng se le seng moo litekanyo tse kholo li phomotsang, likheo tsa lipeipi tsa lipeipi (li-notch tse kholo le masoba a phunyeletsoeng ka har'a 2x8 kapa 2x10 floor joists ho lekana 75-to-100-millimeter / 3-to-4-inch PVC toilet drain bend le tub P-traps) li se li fokolitse karolo ea 30 lekholong ea lehong. Ha ho hloleha rileng ea boka ea ntloana (bekapo ea likhoerekhoere), e dutlang bate e kgaphatsehang, kapa shawara e phatlohileng grout e rotha metsi a patilweng ho Oriented Strand Board (OSB), particleboard, kapa plywood subfloor ka likhoeli tse ngata, li-fungus tse senyang lehong tse sootho (Serpula lacrymans le *Gloeophyllumgestric subfloor) ho fihlela ho na le fiber e nang le trabefloor difloor ho kuta matla a karete ea metsi (tshenyo ya sebopeho le ho putlama le ho putlama ha siling le lebota le omeletseng la metsi). Haeba bate, ntloana, kapa karolo ea fatše e oela ka tšohanyetso, e robeha peipi ea phepelo e hatelitsoeng, kapa e tšoasa motho ea ka hare, tloha sebakeng se ka holimo le ka tlase ebe u letsetsa sebaka sa heno. dinomoro tsa tshohanyetso (911 United States le Canada, 112 ho pholletsa le European Union, 999 United Kingdom). Tataiso ena e fana ka mehato ea mehato ea ts'ohanyetso ea ho laolla le ho arola bate e tebang kapa ntloana e tsukutloang pele e phunya fatše, ho abela boima ba maoto holim'a li-joists tse sa fetoheng, ho hlahloba li-subfloor tse bolileng le li-joists tse sa bonahaleng ho tloha mokatong o ka tlase kapa ho crawlspace ka tlase, le ho kenya "screw-jack shoring" ea nakoana ho fihlela kopano ea joist e phethiloe.

Etsa sena hona joale¶

Haeba ntloana e thekesela kapa e teba fatše fatše, haeba ho hata haufi le bate ho etsa hore fatše ho theolehe ho feta limilimithara tse 3 (⅛ inch), kapa haeba siling e ka tlas'a kamore ea ho hlapela e mokatong oa bobeli e ruruhile kapa e petsoha, etsa liketso tsena tse tšeletseng hang-hang:

1. Ntšela metsi leha e le afe a lutseng ka har'a bate HANG-HANG 'me u emise tšebeliso eohle ea bate eo kapa shaoara: Metsi a boima ba k'hilograma e le 'ngoe ka litara (8.34 pounds per US gallon). Ho tšolla lilithara tse 225 (lithara tse 60) tsa metsi a ho hlapa ka har'a mokelikeli ho tlosa 225 lik'hilograma (liponto tse 500) tsa boima bo shoeleng ho tloha mokatong o ka tlase oa metsi ka metsotsoana e 90. U se ke ua ema ka har'a bate ha e ntse e ntša metsi; o kene monyako mme o hule sethiba sa drainage.
2. Koala valve ea phepelo ea metsi ea chrome ka mor'a ntloana e sisinyehang kapa e tebang 'me u tšolle tanka hang hore u e tšolle: Ha ntloana e thekesela ka lehlakoreng le leng kapa e teba ka har'a OSB subflooring e bolileng, ho tla ba le ho lutla ha likoluoa tse peli: pele, mohala o thata oa chrome/koporo kapa o lohiloeng oa phepelo ea metsi o hokahantsoe ho fihlela tanka e huleloa tlase ho fihlela tanka e huleloa tlase. kapa lebota la angle-stop le theoha tlas'a 400 kPa (60 PSI) khatello ea metsi a toropo (phahlo e phatlohileng); Ea bobeli, wax ring seal ka tlas'a lenaka la ntloana e arohana ka ho feletseng, e qhalla likhoerekhoere tse tala ka mokoting oa fatše ka metsi a mang le a mang. Fetolela valve ea setopo sa lebota ho ea ho TLOA, tšoara mofeng oa metsi ho theola tanka le sekotlolo, ebe u koala sekwahelo ka "DO NOT USE" seka.
3. **Hlakola motho e mong le e mong ka ntle ho phaposi kapa phasejeng ka ho toba KA TLAS'A phaposi ea ho hlapa e mokatong o kaholimo e bonts'ang mapetso a siling kapa siling **: Haeba bate e mokatong oa bobeli, setena sa shaoara kapa radiator ea tšepe e lutse ka har'a li-joists tse bolileng, samente kapa siling e omisitsoeng ea limilimithara tse 13 (½-inch) kamoreng ea ho phomola e mokatong oa pele ke kichineng feela. Thibela kamore e ka tlase 'me u tlose thepa ea ka tlung sebakeng sa marotholi.
4. ** Beha letlapa le letenya la 19-millimeter (¾-inch) la plywood (kapa mapolanka a mabeli a sephara a tiileng / lemati le tiileng le tiileng le ka hare le behiloe fatše) ka mokatong oa kamore ea ho hlapela haeba u tlameha ho tsamaea sebakeng se bonolo **: li-joists tsa mokatong oa bolulo li arotsoe ** lisentimitara tse 40 (16 inches) bohareng **. Sebaka se bonolo se etsahala ha "subfloor sheathing" pakeng tsa tse peli tsa joists e bola, kapa ha lenonyeletso le le leng ka tlas'a ntloana le hlōleha. Ho beha sekotoana se thata sa 60-by-120-centimeter (2-by-4-foot) sa plywood ea ¾-inch ho pholletsa le mokatong oa ho hlapela marokho a boima ba leoto la hao ho pholletsa le li-joists tse tharo kapa tse 'nè tse tiileng e le hore leoto la hao le se ke la otla ka ho toba ka har'a subfloor e bolileng.
5. **TLOA sekhechana sa motlakase se fepelang mabone a siling kapa fenese ea mosi ka phapusing ka kotloloho ka tlase ho phaposi ea ho hlapela e lutlang **: Metsi a patiloeng a fallang haufi le mekato e bolileng ea kamore ea ho hlapela a phalla ka kotloloho ka lebokoseng la mateano la siling ea chandelier ea kamore ea ho jella e mokatong o ka tlase kapa mabone a ka kichineng (mollo oa motlakase le litlhase). Fenya sekhechana bakeng sa mabone a siling e mokatong o ka tlase ho ** FEELA ** phanele ea hau e kholo ea motlakase.
6. Hlahloba bokatlase ba mokatong oa kamore ea ho hlapela ho tloha mokatong o ka tlase kapa ho crawlspace ka toche le screwdriver kapa awl (ho boloka 'mele oa hau o le ka ntle ka ho toba ka tlas'a bate e tletseng): Haeba kamore ea ho hlapela e lutse holim'a kamore e ka tlaase e sa phethoang kapa sebaka se omileng sa crawlspace (tšireletseho ya sebaka sa crawlspace se tletseng metsi), khantša lebone le khanyang holimo mokatong o ka tlaase oa fatše le lihokelong tsa fatše ka tlas'a flange ea ntloana le sefi sa bate. Le ka mohla u se ke ua ema ka ho toba ka tlas'a bate e tletseng kapa ka har'a sekontiri sa tšepe e teteaneng ha u ntse u hlahloba li-joists tse bolileng.

Sefate sa liqeto: kamore ea ho hlapela e ka tlas'a lebatooa le bonolo, ntloana e sisinyehang, le sebaka sa ho teba sa bate¶

Sebelisa sefate sena sa qeto ea ts'ebetso ho lekola botebo ba kamore ea ho hlapela e ka tlase kapa ho hloleha ha moalo oa fatše le ho etsa botsitso hanghang.

flowchart TD
    Start["Boemo ba Tšohanyetso bo mokatong oa ho hlapa: Mokato o Seponche, Ntloana e Rokotsang, kapa Bate e tebang"] --> ImmediateUnload["TLAMELO MOHATO 1; TLOSA MORORO & A IKHETHA METSI :; 1. Hlakola bate hang-hang (ho tlosa 225 kg / 500 lb); 2. Koala lerako la ho koala lerako la ntloana le tanka ea flush e se nang letho (e thibela ho phatloha ha lipeipi); 3. TOMA sekheo sa motlakase bakeng sa mabone a siling kamoreng e ka tlase"]

    ImmediateUnload --> SymptomCheck{"2. Ke lets'oao lefe la ho hloleha ha sebopeho le teng?"}

    SymptomCheck -->|"A. Majoe a ntloana ka lehlakoreng le ka lehlakoreng kapa lithaele/vinyl a ikutloa a le seponche ka har'a 30 cm (12 in) ea motheo oa ntloana."| ToiletRot["LOCALIZED TOILET FLANGE SUBFLOOR ROT:; 1. SE KE UA lula holim'a ntloana kapa ua tiisa liboutu tsa otoropo holim'a lehong le bolileng; 2. Lala 19 mm (3/4 in) boto ea borokho ea plywood ha u tsamaea haufi; 3. Ntša ntloana e tšolotsoeng (seaparo sa liphaephe tsa likhoerekhoere ho thibela methane); 4. Seha OSB/plywood e bolileng ho tloha ho joist-center ho ea ho joist-center 'me u kenye 2x10 blocking + 3/4 plywood ea kantle."]

    SymptomCheck -->|"B. Lekhalo le bulehileng haufi le bate ea lebota la caulk line KAPA bate ea mokatong o ntse o tenyetseha/e lla haholo."| TubSink["BATHTUB LEDGER OR JOIST NOTCH HLOLEHO:; 1. Boloka bateng ka 100% e se na letho & thibela ho hata ka har'a bateng; 2. Lekola ho tloha mokatong o ka tlase / sebaka sa crawl ka tlase (kapa siling e bulehileng ka tlase):; Lekola hore na li-plummbers li hlokometse ka botebo joist ea 2x8/2x10 tlas'a sefi sa P-trap"]

    SymptomCheck -->|"C. Bokato bohle ba kamore ea ho hlapela bo thethehileng ho feta 1 cm (3/8 in) KAPA siling e ommeng ka tlas'a lerako le ka tlaase lea petsoha."| JoistCollapse["SEBELISA FLOOR JOIST / GIRDER ROT OR TERMITE TLHOKA:; 1. Tloha kamore ea ho hlapela LE phaposi ka ho toba ka tlase; 2. Kenya li-T-shores tsa nakoana tsa 4x4 kapa lithelefole tsa tšepe tse feto-fetohang holim'a li-mudsill tse 2x10 ka tlas'a likarolo tse sa fetoheng; 3. Li-joists tse bolelele bo felletseng ba 2x10/2x12 haufi le li-joists tse bolileng/tse sa tsitsang pele li aha subfloor bocha"]

    TubSink --> JoistCollapse

Deep dive 1: Forensics ea moralo - mokhoa oa ho bala matšoao a 5 a temoso pele mokato o putlama¶

Bate kapa ntloana ha ho mohla e oelang fatše ka ntle ho sebaka; Sebopeho sa lepolanka se fana ka telegraph khatellong ea sona ka libeke kapa likhoeli ka mekhoa e ikhethang ea pono le e sebetsang:

Deep dive 2: Hobaneng ha li-joists tsa mokatong oa kamore ea ho hlapela li sa atlehe (Motsoako o bolaeang oa "Plumber's Notches" le "Brown Rot")¶

Ke hobane'ng ha li-joists tsa fatše li bola le ho phunya ka tlas'a likamore tsa ho hlapela hangata makhetlo a leshome ho feta ka tlas'a likamore tsa ho robala kapa likamore tsa ho phomola, le hoja ntlo e setseng e le matlapa?

   [WHY BATHROOM FLOOR JOISTS SNAP UNDER BATHTUBS & TOILETS]

        [Bathtub Foot: 400 kg / 900 lb]      [Toilet Flange]
                      ||                           ||
   ===================++===========================++=================== <-- Rotted 19 mm (3/4") OSB Subfloor
   +------------------+----------------------------+-------------------+
   | 2x10 Floor Joist |    [OVERSIZED PLUMBER'S    |                   |
   |                  |     NOTCH FOR TUB TRAP]    |  (75 mm / 3" Hole |
   |                  +----------------------------+   bored too close |
   |                   \ <-- Crack starts at sharp     to bottom edge) |
   +--------------------+    corner of notch & rots -------------------+

1. Botlokotsebe ba Sebopeho #1: Linotlolo tsa Bo-raliboi ba Selaoli Sebakeng sa Tsitello sa Joist:
2. Tlas'a ** Khoutu ea Machabeng ea Bolulo (IRC Karolo ea R502.8) ** le **Eurocode 5 **, joist e tiileng ea lehong e jara khatello e hatellang moeling oa eona o kaholimo le khatello ea maikutlo ho theosa le tlase.
3. Likhoutu tsa ho aha ** ka tieo e hanetse ho seha notch EFE bohareng ba boraro ba nako ea ho kopanya fatše **, 'me u lekanye linoto karolong e ka ntle ea boraro ho se fete ⅙ ea botebo ba joist (hoo e ka bang 3.8 centimeters / 1.5 inches ho 2x10).
4. Leha ho le joalo malapeng a batho ba baholoanyane ba limilione, ha motho ea etsang lipeipi a kenya P-trap ea bate kapa peipi ea drainage ea limilimithara tse 100 (4-inch), ba ile ba nka sakha e ts'oanang 'me ** ba seha karolo e bohareng ea lisenthimithara tse 12 ho tloha holimo kapa tlase ho mokatong o ka tlase ho 2x10, ba siea mokatong o ka tlase ho 2x10 * ka kotloloho. ke lepolanka le bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 7 feela le tšoereng bate e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 400.
5. Tlōlo ea Molao ea Sebopeho #2: Cubic Brown-Rot Fungi (Serpula lacrymans):
6. Sebaka seo motho ea etsang lipeipi a behileng sehokelo sa fuluru ke hantle ka tlas'a bate e ntšang seeta le selikalikoe sa boka ba ntloana.
7. Ha manonyeletso ao a lla marotholi a butle a metsi ho feta lilemo tse 3 ho isa ho tse 5, fungus e sootho e bolang e bokella notch e mongobo. Lipatlisiso tsa U.S. Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) e bonts'a thepa e tšosang ea bosootho bo sootho: pele setho sa lepolanka se bolileng se lahleheloa ke esita le liperesente tse 10 tsa boima ba sona bo bonahalang kapa se fetola sebopeho, li-enzyme tse sootho li senya liketane tsa selulose ea lehong le ho fokotsa ho kobeha ha joist le matla a ho ama ka liperesente tse 50 ho isa ho tse 70.

Deep Dive 3: Ho tsitsisa ha maemo a tšohanyetso - mokhoa oa ho laolla ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng, ho tlosa ntloana e tebang, le ho kenya shoring ea nakoana¶

Haeba mokatong oa kamore ea hau ea ho hlapela kapa li-joists li ntse li sisinyeha, latela tatellano ena ea boenjiniere ho felisa kotsi ea ho putlama kajeno pele o qala ho lokisa ho betla ka ho sa feleng:

Mohato oa 1: Tlosa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ntloana e sisinyehang kapa e tebelang (Ho tlosa 40 kg / 90 lb + Ho emisa ho lutla)¶

Se ke oa siea ntloana e boima ea porcelain e leka-lekaneng mokatong o ka tlaase o bolileng moo e ka phunyeletsang le ho pshatla likotoana tsa porcelain tse bohale.maqeba le mekgopo): 1. Koala chrome valvevelofo ea ho emisa metsi ea lebota ho ea ka tšupa (kapa koala metsi a ntlo e kholo haeba angle-stop e le mafome; bona Tataiso e kholo ea valve ea metsi e khomaretsoeng). 2. Hlakola ntloana 'me u tšoare mofeng fatše, ebe u sebelisa seponche se seholo le bakete (kapa vacuum ea lebenkele le metsi / le omeletseng) ho monya metsi a setseng a lilithara tse 2 (0.5 galone) ka tanka le sekotlolo ho fihlela bobeli bo omme ka ho feletseng. 3. Hlakola thapo e kopanyang ea phepelo ea metsi ho tloha tlase ka letsohong le letšehali la tanka ea ntloana. 4. Theola likotlolo tse peli tse nyane tsa bolt ea polasetiki botlaaseng ba sekotlolo sa ntloana 'me u lokolle likoti tse peli tsa koporo 7/16-inch kapa ½-inch hex nuts (haeba li bilika ka mokhoa o hlephileng hobane lehong le ka tlaase le bolile, le phahamise ka ntloana feela). 5. Otlolla sekotlolo ka maoto a hao a lutse holim'a ** ho etsa foreimi ea fatše e tiileng (kapa ka holim'a sekotoana sa plywood ea ¾-inch e behiloeng fatše) , phahamisa ntloana ka ho toba ka maoto a hao (boloka mokokotlo oa hao o otlolohile), 'me ue behe likoranteng ka phasejeng kapa karacheng. 6. MOHATO OA BOHLOKOA OA BIOHAZARD - Hlakola Mokoti oa likhoerekhoere o Butsoeng oa 4-Inch Hang-hang: Hang ha u phahamisa ntloana fatše, phaepe ea likhoerekhoere e bulehileng ea 75-to-100-millimeter (3-to-4-inch) fatše ha e na ha ho P-trap water seal, e lumellang chefo ea hydrogenH2S) le khase ea likhoerekhoere e phatlohang ea methane (khase ea likhoerekhoere le ts'ohanyetso ea P-trap e omileng) ho kena ka tlung ka kotloloho. Tšela thaole ea khale ea ho hlapa e thatetsoeng ka har'a mokotla oa polasetiki o boima oa korosari ka har'a flange e bulehileng ea likhoerekhoere (kapa kenya polaka ea tlhahlobo ea rabara e atolositsoeng ea $4) ho koala phala hore e se ke ea kena moea ha ntloana e ntse e koetsoe.

Mohato oa 2: Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba ho tloha ka tlase ho sebelisa "Screwdriver / Awl Penetration Test"¶

Apara likhalase tsa polokeho, mochini o phefumolohang ** NIOSH N95/P100 ** (li-subfloor tse bolileng li koahetsoe ka li-spores tsa hlobo), le lebone la hlooho, 'me u kene ka kamoreng ea ho hlapela kapa e ka tlas'a kamore ea ho hlapela (kapa u sehe sebaka sa 40-by-40-centimeter / 16-by-16-inch inspection square) ka mor'a siling e omileng ea siling ka mor'a siling e ommeng. - Tobetsa ntlha ea sekoti se tloaelehileng sa sekoti sa hlooho e bataletseng kapa awl ea 'metli ka ho tiea ka letsoho le le leng ka lehlakoreng la li-joists tsa fatše tsa lepolanka le bokatlase ba sekoti sa subfloor. - Modumo, lehong le nang le bophelo bo botle: Leqhetso la screwdriver ha le sothe bokahodimo ka 1 ho isa ho 2 millimeters (1/16 inch). - Lepolanka le bolileng, le sa sebetseng hantle: Lehare la screwdriver le teba ka thata 15 ho isa ho 50 millimeters (½ ho 2 inches) le otlolohile ka patsing joalo ka chisi e bonolo kapa punky cork, kapa likotoana tse sootho tse bopehileng joaloka cube lia pshatleha letsohong la hau (cubical brown rot).

Mohato oa 3: Ho kenya Screw-Jack ea nakoana / 4x4 Timber Shoring Tlas'a Li-Joists tsa Bathroom¶

Haeba mekato e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta ka tlas'a kamore ea ho hlapela e tebile, e petsohile, kapa e bolile, u ka thibela kamore ea ho hlapela (le bate e boima ea tšepe kapa ea acrylic e ka holim'a eona) hore e se ke ea oela ka ho emisa** leballo la nakoana le otlolohileng la shoring** ka kamoreng e ka tlaase kapa sebaka sa ho khasa ka ho toba ka tlas'a kamore ea ho hlapela:

   [EMERGENCY BASEMENT / CRAWLSPACE SHORING UNDER ROTTED BATHROOM JOISTS]

      [Joist #1]       [Joist #2 (Rotted)]       [Joist #3]
   ======+=====================+=====================+====== <-- Bathroom Subfloor
   |2x10 |               |2x10 |               |2x10 |
   +-----+               +-----+               +-----+
   ========================================================= <-- Top Header: Double 2x6 or 4x4
               ||                             ||                 spanning across 3-4 joists
         [Steel Jack Post]              [Steel Jack Post]
         (or 4x4 Wood Post)             (or 4x4 Wood Post)
               ||                             ||
   ========================================================= <-- Bottom Mudsill: 2x10 or 2x12
   /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////     plank distributing load on slab/soil

1. **Le ka mohla u se ke ua beha sebaka se le seng sa jack post-point ka ho toba khahlano le subfloor e bolileng kapa panky joist e le 'ngoe ** (plate e ka holimo ea jack e tla phunyeletsa ka ho toba lehong le bolileng).
2. Ho e-na le hoo, khaola *1.2-to-1.8-metres (4-to-6-foot) ho tsoa mapolanka a mabeli a 2x6 kapa lehong le tiileng la 4x4 'me u le tšoarelle khahlanong le **ka tlas'a 3 kapa 4 e haufi le li-joists tsa fatše ** (e behiloe 30 centimeters e ntse e le sebaka se tiileng, ho tloha sebakeng se tiileng kapa 2 ka morao. ho tloha ho lenonyeletso le tiileng ho isa ho lenonyeletso le tiileng ho phatlalla le noka e bodileng).
3. Lala lepolanka la lepolanka le nang le khatello e kholo ** 2x10 kapa 2x12 ** (kapa letlapa le tiileng la 40-by-40-centimeter / 16-by-16-inch mobung o tiileng, o sa sitisoeng) o bataletse mokatong o ka tlaase kapa fatše fatše ka tlas'a sefate sa hlooho ho jala boima bo theohelang.
4. Ema lipalo tse peli ** tse fetolehang tsa litšepe tsa jack (li-teleposts / lally columns)** kapa u sehe lipalo tse tšekaletseng tse otlolohileng 4x4 lipalo tsa mapolanka (tse koaletsoeng ka thata botlaaseng ka li-shim tse hanyetsanang tsa lehong le thata) lipakeng tsa lepolanka la seretse le seretse se ka holimo.
5. MOLAO OA BOHLOKOA SHORING - Snug to Support, O SE KE UA Kōpa Ho ea Holimo: Tiisa sekoti sa jack post ea tšepe e feto-fetohang feela ho fihlela seballo sa hlooho se ka holimo se hatella hantle botlaaseng ba lihokelo tsa fatše ho tšoara boima ba tsona. Le ka mohla u se ke ua phunya poso ea jeko holimo ka lisentimitara tse 'maloa ka thapama e le 'ngoe ho leka ho "lekanya" mokato oa kamore ea ho hlapela e tetemang; ho jara kamore ea ho hlapela holimo ka tšohanyetso ho tla **taola lipeipi tsa metsi tsa koporo tse thata, ho hahola mekotla e entsoeng ka tšepe, le ho pshatla lithaele tse ling le tse ling tsa ceramic ka phaposing ea ho hlapela **.

Deep Dive 4: Melao ea ka ho sa feleng ea tokiso ea meralo (Hobaneng o sa khone ho theola sengoathoana sa plywood mokatong o bolileng)¶

Ha u lokisa kamore ea ho hlapa e bolileng e pota-potileng ntloana kapa bate, qoba phoso ea motho ea sa sebetseng ea "overlay patch" ea ho senya letlapa le tšesaane la plywood ea 6-millimeter (¼-inch) HO TLA HO TSA OSB e metsi, e bolileng (e ts'oarang mongobo, e potlakisa ho bola fatše, 'me e phahamisetse holimo ka mokhoa o sa lokelang)

1. ** Khaola Likarolo Tsohle Tse Bolileng Ho tloha Joist-Center ho ea Joist-Center **:
2. Beha botebo ba lehare la selika-likoe ho botenya bo nepahetseng ba subfloor e teng (** 19 millimeters / ¾ inch ** bakeng sa subflooring e tloaelehileng - e se ke ea teba, kapa u tla bona ka holimo ho li-joists tsa fatše ebe u otla liphaephe tsa koporo kapa lithapo tsa motlakase tse tlameletsoeng ka ho toba ka tlas'a subfloor).
3. Tlosa OSB e bolileng kapa letlapa la liphahlo ho khutlela ho patsi e ommeng, e khanyang, e tiileng, 'me u fokotsa moeli oa bohareng (19 mm / ¾ molomong o behang) oa li-joists tse haufi tsa fatše.
4. Boister ba Full-Span 2x10 Joists Hammoho le Joists efe kapa efe e Bolileng kapa e Feletseng ho Feta:
5. Fafatsa li-joists tse teng ka borate wood preservative ho bolaea fungal hyphae e setseng.
6. Khaola motsoako o mocha o entsoeng ka khatello kapa o omisitsoeng ka ontong ** 2x8 kapa 2x10 joist ** (ho atolosa bonyane ** 90 centimeters / maoto a 3 ho feta karolo e bolileng kapa e entsoeng ka mahlakoreng ka bobeli **, kapa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng o phomotse ho tloha motheong oa sill ho ea bohareng ba girder beam), roala sefahleho sa mating ka sekoahelo ** lehokelo le senyehileng, 'me u li kopanye ka sebopeho sa lisenthimithara tse 8 (3-⅛-inch) likurufu tsa lehong kapa lipekere tse thekeselang tsa 16d lisentimitara tse ling le tse ling tse 30 (li-inches tse 12).
7. Kenya tse tiileng ** 2x8 kapa 2x10 cross-blocking ** pakeng tsa li-joists ka ho toba ka tlas'a seams se secha sa subfloor le mahlakoreng 'ohle a mane a flange ea ntloana ea 100-millimeter (4-inch) e le hore liboutu tsa ntloana li kene ka har'a foreimi e tiileng ho e-na le ho ba lesela le lesesaane.
8. Kenya 19-Millimeter (¾-Inch) CDX ea Kantle ea Kereiti kapa Marine Plywood (Ha ho Never Particleboard):
9. Tlosa sebaka sa kamore ea ho hlapela u sebelisa 19-millimeter (¾-inch) Plywood ea Kereiti ea Kantle (kapa sebaka se phahameng sa tšebetso sa leleme-le-groove se hananang le mongobo joalo ka Advantech) se khomaretsoeng ka sekhomaretsi sa kaho e ka tlas'a lefatše 'me se phunya lisentimitara tse ling le tse ling tse 15 (kapa lipekere tse nang le li-inches tse 6).
10. Kopanya lesale la** tšepe le sa hloekang PVC/ABS ntloana ea ntloana** ka ho toba ka holim'a mokato o felileng u sebelisa likurufu tsa tšepe kapa tsa koporo (le ka mohla li se ke tsa omella ka mor'a likhoeli tse 18), 'me u kenye ntloana ka** selikalikoe se matlafalitsoeng sa boka kapa elastomeric e se nang boka**.

Linomoro tsa libaka tsa tšohanyetso le liprothokholo tsa mekhatlo¶

Haeba phaposi ea kamore ea ho hlapela kapa siling e putlama, e tšoasa motho ea ka hare, kapa e petsoha metsi, khase kapa likhoele tsa motlakase:

• United States le Canada: Letsetsa 911 (bona dinomoro tsa tshohanyetso) hanghang haeba ho putlama ha fatshe ho baka kotsi kapa ho se tsitse ha sebopeho. Maemo a ho kheloha fatše, a bora, le a khelohang mojaro o phelang (bonyane 1.44 kPa / 30 psf kapa 1.92 kPa / 40 psf moroalo o phelang oa junifomo le L/360 moeli oa ho kheloha) li laoloa ke Khoutu ea Machabeng ea Bolulo (IRC Karolo ea R502) ea Khoutu ea Moaho ea Naha ea R502BC* Canada**
• United Kingdom: Letsetsa 999 bakeng sa ho putlama ha sebopeho kapa maemo a tšohanyetso a motlakase. Matlo a UK, ** chipboard (P5 e thibelang mongobo fatše kereiti)** le mapolanka joist notching/ho cheka libaka (linoto li lumelletsoe feela lipakeng tsa *0.07 le 0.25 tsa span , max deep 0.125 x joist deep) li laoloa ka thata tlas'a Building Regulations/ Regulations Approved, BS Tokomane 1995-1-1 (Eurocode 5)**, le NHBC Standards.
• European Union: Letsetsa 112 bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa tšohanyetso. Moralo oa moralo oa mokatong oa mapolanka le kamore ea metsi (Nassraum) e thibelang metsi e latela Eurocode 5 (EN 1995) le DIN 18534.
• Australia le New Zealand: Letsetsa 000 Australia kapa 111 New Zealand. Australia le New Zealand, ho putlama ha phaposi ea kamore ea ho hlapela ho laoloe ka mokhoa o thibelang ho AS 3740 (Ho Thibela Metsi a Libaka tse Metsing tsa Lehae) le Khoutu ea Naha ea Kaho (NCC), e laelang hore ho be le mokhoa o tsoelang pele o feto-fetohang oa elastomeric e thibelang metsi ho phahamisa mabota le ho tlamelloa ka har'a litšila tsa fatše (*kapa phaposi ea ho hlapela) kaofela.
• India le Asia-Pacific: Letsetsa 112 India kapa 119 Japane le Korea Boroa. Naheng ea Japane, liphaposi tsa ho hlapa tse entsoeng ka lehong (mokuzo) le maballo a sill (dodai) ke sebaka sa mantlha sa ho bola ha sootho le tlhaselo ea mohloa ea Coptotermes, e lebisang hoo e batlang e le matlo a Majapane a sejoale-joale ho sebelisa feme e le 'ngoe e sa keneleng metsi Unit Baths (UB) e lutseng holim'a konkreite kapa maoto a ka thoko a tšepe.

Lipotso tse botsoang khafetsa¶

Na bate e felletseng e ka oela mokatong o bolileng oa kamore ea ho hlapela ho kena ka phaposing e ka tlase?¶

Ke ka seoelo bate ea alcove ea acrylic kapa ea fiberglass e oelang ka ho felletseng holim'a siling ka motsamao o le mong joalo ka sepopae, hobane bate e sephara ho feta sebaka sa 40-cm (16-inch) lipakeng tsa li-joists tse ngata tsa fatše 'me karolo e 'ngoe e ts'oaroa ke lipeipi tsa lebota le lithapo tsa pherimitha. Leha ho le joalo, SE ETSANG khafetsa ('me se senya ka tsela e tšoanang) ke hore mahokelo a le 'ngoe kapa a mabeli a bolileng kapa a sa tebang ka tlas'a bate a tšehelitseng a hoholeha kapa a pshatleha ho ea tlase ka lisenthimithara tse 5 ho isa ho tse 15 (2 ho isa ho 6 inches) ha bate e tletse lilithara tse 225 tsa metsi (lithara tse 60). Lerotholi leo la tšohanyetso la lisenthimithara tse 10 le hahola phala e thata ea koporo le lipeipi tsa phepelo e chesang/tse batang ka har'a fuluru, la tšollela lilithara tse makholo tsa metsi holim'a siling e mokatong o ka tlaase oa lerako le ommeng ho fihlela siling e tletseng metsi e oela ka kamoreng e ka tlaase. Li-clawfoot tsa maoto a mane tse ikemetseng (tseo maoto a tsona a mane a tšepe a tšetseng boima ba lik'hilograma tse 500/1,100 holim'a likotoana tse nyane tsa 5-centimeter tsa subfloor) E KA phunya maoto ka ho toba ka har'a letlapa le bolileng kapa OSB lipakeng tsa li-joists le ho otlanya ka matla.

Na ho bolokehile ho sebelisa ntloana e thekeselang hanyane ho tloha ka lehlakoreng le leng ho ea ho le leng?¶

Che. Ntloana ha ea lokela ho reketla, ho sekamela kapa ho sutha esita le limilimithara tse 2 ha u lutse holim'a eona. Leha lepolanka le ka tlase le ntse le tiile, ntloana e tsukutlehang e pshatla boka ba linotsi/parafine Ring Ring e tiisitsoeng ka tlas'a sekotlolo moo ho sekameng ha pele. Hang ha selikalikoe seo sa boka se hatelloa ka lehlakoreng le le leng, nako le nako ha u hlatsoa ntloana, karolo ea 5 ho isa ho 10 lekholong ea metsi a likhoerekhoere a phalla ka thōko ho lekhalo ka ho toba ka tlas'a vinyl kapa tile, e senya fatše ka khutso ha e ntse e lumella khase ea likhoerekhoere e chefo hore e kene ka kamoreng ea ho hlapela. Haeba fuluru e ntse e tiile, lokolla liboutu tsa otoropo, thellela matlwana a polasetiki a thata a theohele ka tlase ho setsi ho fihlela ha a sa khone ho sisinya millimeter, beha ntloana bocha holim'a selikalikoe se secha sa boka, 'me u koale ka pele le mahlakoreng (o siee mokokotlo oa lisenthimithara tse 10 o sa buuoe joalo ka lekhalo le lutlang).

Ke hobane'ng ha lipeipi tsa metsi li siea sebaka se ka morao sa 10 centimeters (4 inches) sa ntloana se sa koaloang khahlanong le mokatong oa ho hlapela?¶

Likhoutu tsa machaba tsa lipeipi (IPC/UPC) li hloka ho koala motheo oa ntloana moo e kopanang le fatše e le hore metsi le moroto li se ke tsa tsamaea ka tlas'a setsi sa porcelain le ho tsoala libaktheria, EMPA litsebi tsa liphaephe tse nang le phihlelo li lula li siea lekhalo la 10-inch (4-inch) le sa buloa ka morao ho ntloana ka mor'a sekotlolo. Hobaneng? Hobane haeba silicone-caulk 100% ea sebaka se pota-potileng tlase ea ntloana 'me selikalikoe sa boka ba ka hare se qala ho lutla, letamo la caulk le tšoasa metsi a likhoerekhoere a lutla ka tlas'a ntloana moo o ke keng oa a bona, ho qobella likhoerekhoere hore li kene ka hare ho ntlo ea hau ea lepolanka ea OSB / plywood ho fihlela mokatong o ka tlaase ho lilemo tse peli. Ho siea lekhalo la lisenthimithara tse 10 ka morao ho lumella ho lutla hofe kapa hofe ha lesale la boka ho tsoa ka holim'a tile e ka morao ho ntloana ka Letsatsi la 1 e le hore u ka lokisa selikalikoe sa boka ba $ 5 pele se senya $4,000 subfloor.

Nka tseba joang haeba sebaka se bonolo ka kamoreng ea ka ea ho hlapela e mpa e le plywood subfloor e rotting vs.¶

Sebelisa "16-Inch Span Test": li-joists tsa mokatong oa bolulo li tsamaisana ka ho bapa li arohane ka lisenthimithara tse 40 (16 inches) ho tloha bohareng ho ea bohareng. Haeba mokatong oa kamore ea ho hlapela o ikutloa o tiile hoo e batlang e le hohle, haese sebakeng se le seng se senyenyane sa 20-to-30-centimeter (8-to-12-inch) se haufi le sekhutlo sa shaoara kapa ntloana, 'me mokato o ntse o le boemong bo botle, phanele ea OSB ea 3/4-inch (3/4-inch) kapa plywood subfloor e pharalletseng PAKENG EA LI na le li-jotted jotted tse peli. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba lesela le bolelele ba limithara tse 1.5 ho isa ho tse 2.5 (limithara tse 5 ho isa ho tse 8) le theohela fatše, haeba kamore eohle e thella ho leba leboteng le le leng, haeba bate e oela hole le thaele ea lebota ha u kena ho eona, kapa haeba siling e ommeng ka phaposing e ka tlase e petsoha ho latela mola o otlolohileng, mokatong o ka tlase kapa ho feta o petsoha.

A na nka kenya epoxy kapa ntho e thatafatsang patsi ka kamoreng ea ho hlapela e bolileng e pota-potileng flange ea ntloana ho fapana le ho rema patsi?¶

Che. Mekelikeli e kenang ka har'a epoxy wood harder le li-fillers tse nang le likarolo tse peli tsa polyester li entsoe ka thata bakeng sa tokiso ea litlolo holim'a lifensetere tse se nang sebopeho kapa li-trim tsa kantle. Hang ha kamore ea ho hlapela e pota-potileng lepheo la ntloana kapa tlas'a leoto la bateng e bolile hoo e kobehang ka tlas'a maoto kapa e lumella liboutu tsa ntloana hore li theohe, likhoele tsa mapolanka li felloa ke sekiri le matla a ho tsitsa ho potoloha bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 40 (16-inch). U tlameha ho khaola lisekoere tse bolileng tsa subfloor ho khutlela bohareng ba li-joists tse haufi tse tiileng, kenya sekoahelo se tiileng sa 2x10 ka tlas'a mathōko le flange, 'me u fafatse sengoathoana se secha sa plywood ea ka ntle ea 19-millimeter (3/4-inch).

Litataiso tse amanang¶

• Tšenyo ea sebopeho le ho putlama ha moaho
• Ho putlama ha siling, lerako le omeletseng la metsi, le kotsi ea ho putlama ha samente
• Ho na le likhohola, metsi a emeng ka tlas'a ntlo le ho ntša kotsi ea motlakase
• Letšoele la bohloa, bohloa ba mapolanka, le ho hlōleha ha maballo a mohaho
• Ho phatloha ha metsi kapa ho phatloha ho hoholo ha aquarium le moroallo o mokatong o ka holimo

Mehloli le tataiso ea semmuso¶

• Lekhoutu la Machaba la Khoutu (ICC) - Khoutu ea Machabeng ea Bolulo (Karolo ea IRC R502 & R307): Sebopeho sa Mokato oa Patsi oa Sebopeho, Meeli e Felletseng e Lumellehileng ea ho Notting le Meeli ea Boring ho Sawn Lumber Joists, le Bathroom Subfloor Deflection Standards.
• ** USDA Forest Service - Forest Products Laboratory (FPL): ** * Buka ea Lehong: Lehong e le Lisebelisoa tsa Boenjiniere (Mechanics ea Brown-Rot Fungal Depolymerization le Rapid Flexural Strength Tahlehelo Pele ho Tahlehelo ea Boima) *.
• Lekhotla la Lithaele la Amerika Leboea (TCNA) & ANSI A108: Buka ea ho Kenya Lithaele tsa Ceramic, Glass, le Stone (Subfloor Stiffness L/360 Litlhoko le Membrane e Thibela Metsi).
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA): National US&R Response System Structural Collapse Technician Manual - Vertical Post-and-Header Shoring and Mudsill Load Distribution.
• Setheo sa Brithani sa Melao-motheo (BSI): BS EN 1995-1-1 (Eurocode 5: Moralo oa Mehaho ea Mapolanka) & Tokomane e Amoheletsoeng A - Libaka tse Lumelletsoeng tsa ho Noka le ho Epa Mehatong ea Mehaho ea Mehaho ea Lepolanka ea Lehae.