Ice storm: downed power lines, tree limbs, and restoring heat safely¶

An ice storm coats every surface in a layer of clear, heavy glaze. Branches snap, trees fall across roads and roofs, and power lines come down across whole regions, sometimes for days. The dangers arrive in a predictable order: first the falling limbs and live wires, then the cold house, then the rushed attempts to get warm again that start fires and cause carbon monoxide poisoning.

This guide covers the three decisions that matter most after freezing rain: how to move around a yard full of damaged trees and wires, how to stay warm when the power is out in freezing temperatures, and how to bring heat back to a cold home without hurting anyone. For the weather event itself, read ice storms, freezing rain and power line collapse. For long blackouts across a wide area, see ho khaoha ha motlakase nakong ea mariha le ho tingoa ha motlakase ka nako e telele.

Etsa sena hona joale¶

1. Stay inside until the freezing rain stops and the ice has started to melt, unless you are in immediate danger. Branches keep falling for hours after the rain ends, and they fall without warning.
2. Treat every downed line as live. Stay at least 10 meters (33 feet) away, keep children and pets back, and call your electric utility. If a line is touching a person, a vehicle or a building that is on fire, call your local emergency number (911 in the United States and Canada, 112 across the European Union, 999 in the United Kingdom). See dinomoro tsa tshohanyetso bakeng sa linaha tse ling.
3. Pick one room to live in. Close the door, hang a blanket over the doorway, wear layers and a hat, and move bedding in. A small room holds body heat far better than a whole house.
4. Never bring a generator, grill, camp stove or outdoor heater indoors, and never run a generator in a garage or near a window. These kill people every winter through carbon monoxide.
5. Check on neighbors who are older, ill or alone, as soon as it is safe to walk outside. Cold kills quietly, and indoor hypothermia is common in the first 48 hours of an outage.
6. Photograph damage to your home, trees and vehicles before you move anything, then report outages and damage to your utility and insurer.

Why ice storms are more dangerous than snow¶

Freezing rain falls as liquid and freezes on contact with surfaces that are at or below 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). Even a thin layer of 0.6 centimeters (one quarter inch) of ice can add hundreds of kilograms of weight to a power line span and a large tree. The national weather agencies in the United States (National Weather Service), the United Kingdom (Met Office) and Canada (Environment and Climate Change Canada) all treat freezing rain as a high impact hazard for exactly this reason.

Ice also makes everything slippery at the same time. Roads, footpaths, steps, car doors and even the ground around your home become unsafe. If you have to move, read ho thella hodima leqhwa le ho wa pele.

Mekhahlelo ena e akaretsang. Moea o eketsa mojaro, 'me sefefo se nang le moea o matla le leqhoa le fokolang se ka baka tšenyo e tšoanang le ea sefefo se khutsitseng se nang le ho feta.

Lithapo tsa motlakase tse theohileng¶

Mohala o oeleng ha oa tlameha ho roala, ho luma kapa ho sisinyeha hore o phele. Maholiotsoana a leqhoa a atisa ho theola mela ho pholletsa le likoloi, terata, likoloi le lifate, 'me mohala o ka tsosolosoa ntle le temoso ha sesebelisoa se leka ho tsosolosa potoloho. Mobu o haufi le mola o theohileng o ka boela oa tsamaisa metsi, ke ka lebaka leo u bolokang sebaka sa hau ho e-na le ho qoba terata feela.

Tloha¶

• Lula bonyane limithara tse 10 (maoto a 33) ho tloha moleng ofe kapa ofe o theohileng, bolelele bo ka bang bolelele ba bese.
• U se ke ua tšoara ntho leha e le efe e amanang le mola, ho kenyelletsa le terata, likoloi, makala a lifate, li-puddles le li-gutter tsa tšepe.
• U se ke ua leka ho tsamaisa mola ka thupa, lefielo kapa kharafu. Patsi, polasetiki le fiberglass li ntse li ka tsamaisa ha li le metsi kapa li leqhoa.
• Boloka bana le liphoofolo ka hare ho fihlela u tsamaile jarete u le hole.
• Lemosa ba bang ka ho hoeletsa, ho koala heke kapa ho beha letšoao le hlakileng sebakeng se sireletsehileng. Se eme haufi le mohala ho e lebela.

Haeba mola o oela koloing ea hau¶

Lula ka har'a koloi 'me u letsetse nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae. Lemosa mang kapa mang ea atamelang hore a se ke a khutla. Lebaka feela la ho tloha ke mollo. Haeba u tlameha ho tloha, bula lemati, beha matsoho a hao ka pel’a hao, ’me u tlōle ka ho hlaka ka maoto a mabeli hammoho e le hore u se ke ua tšoara koloi le fatše ka nako e le ’ngoe. Ebe u tloha ka mehato e menyenyane, u boloka maoto a hao hammoho le fatše, ho qoba phapang pakeng tsa maoto a hau. Mehato e felletseng e kene lithapo tsa motlakase tse theohileng le motlakase oa koloi. Haeba mola o fihla ntlong ea hau kapa jareteng, bala hape khoele ea motlakase e oeleng leboteng la ntlo kapa la jarete.

Ho letsetsa mang¶

Tlaleha melapo e theohileng ho sesebelisoa sa hau sa motlakase pele ha ho se motho ea lemetseng. Letsetsa nomoro ea sebaka sa hau sa ts'ohanyetso ha mohala o ka mose ho tsela, o ama motho kapa koloi, o baka mollo, kapa ha motho a tšohile. United Kingdom, palo ea liphoso tsa netweke ke 105, e u hokahanyang le opareitara ea lehae ea hau. Linaheng tse ling, fumana mohala oa ts'ohanyetso oa ts'ebeliso ea hau ho bili ea hau ea ho qetela 'me u e boloke fonong ea hau pele ho nako ea sefefo.

Mahlaku a sefate le leqhoa le oelang¶

Leqhoa le imetsa makala, ebe moea le letsatsi li a ntša. Leoto le setseng bosiu le ka oela thapameng e latelang ha mocheso o ntse o nyoloha le leqhoa le kokobela. Likotsi tse ngata ka mor'a lifefo tsa leqhoa li tsoa ho batho ba tsamaeang tlas'a lifate ho ea hlahloba tšenyo kapa ho tlosa litsela tsa likoloi.

Ho potoloha jarete¶

1. Ema ho fihlela leqhoa le qala ho rotha kapa le tšoloha pele u tsoela ka ntle, ebe u sheba holimo pele ho mohato o mong le o mong.
2. Stay out from under large trees, utility lines and the eaves of the roof. Ice sheets slide off steep roofs and can be heavy enough to injure.
3. Wear boots with a deep, soft tread, or add traction cleats. See the footwear section in ho thella hodima leqhwa le ho wa.
4. Walk with short steps, with your feet flat and your hands free. Do not carry loads that block your balance.
5. Keep a charged phone in an inside pocket where it stays warm, and tell someone where you are going.

Hazard trees and hanging limbs¶

Look for hanging branches, called widowmakers, caught in the crown of a tree. Look for trees leaning more than usual, root plates lifted from the soil, split trunks, and large cracked limbs still attached by a strip of bark. Do not stand beneath any of these, and do not park under them.

What you should not do¶

• Do not cut a tree that is under tension, leaning on another tree, or tangled with a power line. Cutting releases stored energy, and the cut piece can spring back or roll.
• Do not climb a ladder in icy conditions to cut or knock off limbs.
• U se ke ua sebelisa chainsaw haeba u sa koetlisoa, u bata ebile u khathetse, kapa u se na motho ea haufi. Li-chainsaw li lematsa batho ba likete ka mor'a lifefo. Bona ho rema lifate tsa chainsaw le likotsi tsa ho rema lifate.
• U se ke ua sisinya kapa ua otla makala a leqhoa. Lekala le ka qhoma, 'me leqhoa le oela ho uena.
• U se ke ua tšoara sefate leha e le sefe se haufi kapa se holim'a mohala oa motlakase. Lifate le makala li tsamaisa motlakase.

Hira setsebi sa lifate sa laesense kapa basebetsi ba lifate tsa sebakeng sa heno bakeng sa eng kapa eng e ka tlung, mola kapa tsela. Libaka tse ngata li boetse li tsamaisa thuso ea ho hloekisa sefefo ka 'muso oa lehae kapa lihlopha tsa baithaopi. E-ba hlokolosi ha u fana ka ntlo le ntlo hang ka mor'a sefefo, hobane scams e eketseha ka mor'a likoluoa. Kopa ID, khakanyo e ngotsoeng le bopaki ba inshorense, 'me u se ke ua lefa chelete eohle esale pele.

Haeba sefate se otlile ntlo ea hau¶

Tlosa motho e mong le e mong sebakeng se senyehileng 'me u lule u hlakile ka kamoreng leha e le efe tlas'a sefate. Marulelo a senyehileng a ka 'na a senyeha ntle le temoso,' me monyako oa tšebeletso ea motlakase o robehileng o ka siea lithapo tse phelang maboteng. Haeba u utloa monko oa khase, utloa mololi kapa u bona litlhase, tloha ka tlung 'me u letsetse setsi le nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae ho tsoa kantle. Hang ha bohle ba bolokehile, bala sefate ka tlung bakeng sa mehato e latelang.

Ho pholoha ho khaoha hoa matla a motlakase¶

Ha motlakase o tima mochesong o batang, ntlo ea hau e lahleheloa ke mocheso butle-butle. Esita le ntlo e sirelelitsoeng hantle e ka oela haufi le mocheso oa ka ntle ka letsatsi kapa a mabeli. Morero oa hau o na le likarolo tse 'ne: boloka mocheso, sireletsa batho ba kotsing haholo, qoba mehloli e kotsi ea mocheso, 'me u lule u tseba.

Preserve the heat you have¶

• Choose the smallest, best insulated interior room with the fewest outside walls and windows. A bathroom, hallway or interior bedroom works well. Avoid basements in floods and avoid rooms with a lot of glass.
• Kwala mamati a ntlo kaofela. Thibela lithaole ka tlas'a lemati ka lithaole le likobo tse phuthoang.
• Koahela lifensetere ka likobo, lithaole, khateboto kapa likharetene tse boima. Theipi ea pampiri ea polasetiki holim'a lifensetere leha e le life tse petsohileng kapa tse lutlang.
• Koala li-dampers ha leifo le sa che.
• Apara li-layers: lera la motheo, lera le futhumetseng la bohareng, le lera le ka ntle le thibelang moea. Apara katiba le likausi tse futhumetseng, hobane karolo e kholo ea mocheso oa 'mele e tloha hloohong le maotong.
• Sleep in a group, under several blankets, on a mattress or a pad rather than directly on the floor.
• E-ja kamehla 'me u noe maro a futhumetseng. Lijo ke hitara ea hau ea kahare. Qoba joala, bo utloang bo futhumala empa bo potlakisa ho lahleheloa ke mocheso.

Tseba hore na ke mang ea kotsing e kholo¶

Masea, batho ba baholo ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 65, batho ba nang le lefu la pelo, lefu la tsoekere kapa mathata a qoqotho, batho ba noang meriana e kokobetsang, le mang kapa mang ea seng a sa phele hantle, a ka ba le hypothermia ka tlung e ikutloang e pholile feela. Bona hypothermia le serame bakeng sa matšoao a lemosang. Karolo ea batho ba baholo hamorao tataisong ena e akaretsa nako ea ho hlahloba baahisani, le keeping older adults safe in cold weather goes deeper.

Safe heat sources¶

Use only heat sources that are designed for indoor use, with the right fuel, and with working alarms. A battery powered carbon monoxide alarm and a working smoke alarm are the minimum. For a full breakdown of what to use and what to avoid, see space heaters, fireplaces and wood stoves in an outage.

If you have no safe heat source and the house falls below about 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit), the safest move is to go somewhere warm. Options include a friend or relative with power, a public warming center, a community shelter, or a hotel. Your local government usually announces warming centers on its website, local radio, or through a hotline. In the United States, you can call 211 for local shelter information.

Keep the water from freezing¶

When the power is out, pipes can freeze in a day or less on a hard cold night. Open cabinet doors below sinks so warm air reaches the pipes, let a faucet drip, and know where your main water shutoff is. See lipeipi tse hoammeng for prevention and thawing, and for what to do if a pipe has burst.

Food, water and medicine¶

A closed refrigerator keeps food safe for about 4 hours, a full freezer for about 48 hours, and a half full freezer for about 24 hours. In freezing weather, you can store food outdoors in a covered container that animals cannot reach, but keep it from freezing and thawing repeatedly. Do not eat anything that has been above 4 degrees Celsius (40 degrees Fahrenheit) for more than 2 hours. See spoiled food and fridge power outage. If you rely on medicine that needs refrigeration, check temperature sensitive medications in a power outage.

Never melt snow for drinking unless you have to, and then boil it for at least 1 minute. Do not use snow that is discolored or near roads. Also remember that refrigerated medicines such as insulin can be damaged by freezing.

Powering devices¶

Phone batteries drain faster in the cold. Keep phones close to your body, turn on low power mode, lower the screen brightness, and send brief text messages rather than making long calls. A power bank charged before the storm is worth more than most other storm purchases. Battery powered radios, preferably with hand crank and weather band, give you official updates when cell towers fail.

Using a generator safely¶

Jenereithara ke sesosa se seholo ka ho fetisisa sa lefu la carbon monoxide ka mor'a lifefo tsa mariha. Carbon monoxide ha e na monko ebile ha e na 'mala, 'me jenereithara e sebetsang e ka tlatsa ntlo ka boemo bo bolaeang ka mor'a metsotso e seng mekae. Melao ea bohlokoa e latela tataiso ea CDC (United States) le Health Canada.

• Mathisa jenereithara ka ntle feela, bonyane limithara tse 6 (maoto a 20) ho tloha ntlong, 'me mokelikeli o supile hole le lifensetere, mamati le masoba.
• Le ka mohla u se ke ua e tsamaisa ka karacheng, leha lemati le butsoe, mokatong o ka tlase, sebakeng sa crawl kapa shed. Le ka mohla u se ke ua e tsamaisa mathuleng kapa tlas'a carport e khomaretsoeng ntlong.
• Kenya alamo ea carbon monoxide e tsamaisoang ke betri sebakeng se seng le se seng sa boroko le mokatong o mong le o mong.
• Boloka jenereithara e omme, tlas'a lesira le bulehileng haeba ho na le lehloa. Se ke oa e koahela ka tsela e thibelang mosi kapa moea o kenang.
• Hokela lisebelisoa ka ho toba jenereithareng ka lithapo tse boima tsa ka ntle, kapa u be le ramotlakase ea nang le lengolo la tumello ea ho kenya switch switch. Le ka mohla u se ke ua hokela jenereithara ka har'a lebota, e ka khutlisetsang motlakase mehalang le ho bolaea basebetsi.
• Lumella jenereithara hore e phomole pele u e tlatsa, 'me u boloke mafura ka ntle ho sebaka sa bolulo.

Bakeng sa tataiso e felletseng bala polokeho ea jenereithara. Bakeng sa matšoao le phekolo ea chefo, bona carbon monoxide le khabone monoxide le ho hema mosi thuso ea pele.

Ho khutlisetsa mocheso ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng¶

Ha matla a khutla, ho potlakela ho futhumala ho baka likotsi tse ncha. Liphaephe li ka 'na tsa hoama, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase li ka be li siiloe, 'me ntlo e 'nileng ea bata ka matsatsi a mangata e ka itšoara ka tsela e fapaneng hang ha sebōpi se sebetsa hape. Tsamaea butle 'me u hlahlobe tsamaiso e' ngoe le e 'ngoe.

Pele matla a khutla¶

Haeba u tlameha ho tloha lapeng la hau nakong ea nako e telele, tima metsi a mangata 'me u tšolle tsamaiso haeba u tseba. Ha u lula, tima kapa u lokolle lisebelisoa tse futhumatsang, litofo le lintho tse ling tseo u neng u li sebelisa, e le hore li se ke tsa qala ka botsona ha marang-rang a khutla. Tlohela lebone le le leng hore u tsebe ha motlakase o khutlile. Sena se boetse se thusa ho thibela ho phatloha ha ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e qala hang-hang.

Hora ea pele ka mor'a hore motlakase o khutlisetsoe¶

1. Phahamisa thermostat butle-butle, mohlomong likhato tse 2 kapa tse 3 tsa Celsius (hoo e ka bang likhato tse 5 tsa Fahrenheit) ka nako. Ho tlola ho hoholo ho etsa hore sistimi ea hau e sebetse ka thata le ho feta 'me e ka khopa li-breaker.
2. Sheba 'me u mamele sebōpi sa hau kapa boiler. Haeba u utloa monko oa khase, u utloa molumo oa mololi, kapa u nkha ntho e tukang, tloha 'me u letsetse thuso ea hau ea khase le nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae. Se ke oa flip switches ha u tsoa.
3. Sheba lebone la sefofane kapa tsamaiso ea ho khantša, ho latela litaelo tsa moetsi. Se ke oa khantša lebone la sefofane hape haeba u nkha khase.
4. Tsamaea ka tlung 'me u batle marotholi, siling e kolobileng, mabota a kobehileng le fuluru e thellang. Liphaephe tse leqhoa li ka 'na tsa arohana 'me tsa qala ho lutla feela ha li qhibiliha.
5. Bulela lisebelisoa ka bonngoe, eseng kaofela ka nako e le 'ngoe. Ema metsotso e seng mekae pakeng tsa meroalo e meholo e kang licheso tsa metsi, lionto le li-dryer.
6. Sheba alamo ea hau ea carbon monoxide le alamo ea mosi ka ho tobetsa konopo ea teko.
7. Bula lipompo butle ho bona hore na metsi aa phalla. Haeba phala e hoamisitsoe, u se ke ua sebelisa toche kapa lelakabe le bulehileng. E futhumale butle ka seomisa moriri, 'me pompo e butsoe, e sebetsa ho tloha pompong ho ea karolong e leqhoa.

Sheba chimney le flue¶

Lichemele tse seng li sa sebelisoe, tse leqhoa kapa tse otliloeng ke makala li ka thijoa. Haeba u rera ho sebelisa leifo kapa setofo ka lekhetlo la pele ho tloha sefefo, hlahloba sekoaelo sa chimney le flue bakeng sa leqhoa, litšila kapa lihlaha. Bona mollo oa chimney le kotsi ea creosote. Moluoane o koetsoeng o sutumelletsa mosi le carbon monoxide ka tlung, kahoo bula damper, hotetsa mollo o monyenyane oa teko ha feela o na le bonnete ba hore flue e hlakile, 'me u lule u falimehile.

Mocheso oa metsi le lipeipi¶

Ka mor'a ho tima nako e telele ho batang, se futhumatsang metsi kapa tanka e ka 'na ea e-ba le mohala oa phepelo o leqhoa, valve e senyehileng ea ho fokotsa khatello, kapa tanka e petsohileng. U se ke ua bulela mocheso oa metsi oa motlakase ho fihlela tanka e tletse metsi, hobane ho futhumatsa tanka e se nang letho ho ka chesa likarolo. Bona ho hloleha ho futhumatsa metsi haeba u bona ho lutla, metsi a mebala e ruse, kapa u utloa lerata le otlang.

Ho futhumala batho, ebe ntlo¶

Batho ba futhumetseng ka pel'a ntlo, haeba motho a kile a bata haholo. Li tlise ka kamoreng e futhumetseng, u li ntše liaparo leha e le life tse metsi, u li phuthele ka likobo tse omeletseng, ’me u fane ka lino tse monate tse futhumetseng haeba li falimehile ’me li ka koenya. U se ke ua itlotsa letlalo la bona, 'me u se ke ua li kenya ka bateng e chesang. Haeba ba thothomela hampe, ba ferekane, ba robetse haholo, kapa ba khaolitse ho thothomela, letsetsa nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea lehae. Bala hypothermia le serame bakeng sa mehato e felletseng.

Qeto e phalla ka mor'a sefefo sa leqhoa¶

flowchart TD
    A["Sefefo sa leqhoa se fetile"] --> B{"Ho na le mela e tlase<br/>haufi le uena?"}
    B -->|"Ee"| C["Lula bohole ba limithara tse 10 kapa tse 33<br/>'me u letsetse thuso"]
    B -->|"Che"| D{"Na matla a teng?"}
    C --> D
    D -->|"Ee"| E["Sheba liphaephe, heater le flue<br/>ebe o kenya mocheso butle"]
    D -->|"Che"| F{"Na ntlo e kaholimo<br/>10 C kapa 50 F?"}
    F -->|"Ee"| G["Sebaka sa bolulo ka kamoreng e le 'ngoe <br/>'me u sebelise mocheso o sireletsehileng feela"]
    F -->|"Che"| H["Tsamaea ho setsi sa ho futhumatsa <br/>kapa mong ka uena ea nang le matla"]
    G --> I{"Na ho na le motho ea tšoeroeng ke hlooho,<br/>ho tsekela kapa ho ferekana?"}
    I -->|"Ee"| J["E-ea ka ntle ho moea o hloekileng<br/>'me u letse nomoro ea tšohanyetso"]
    I -->|"Che"| K["Sheba ho baahisani<br/>'me u lule u mametse ho fumana lintlha tse ncha"]

Ho bapisa mehloli ea mocheso nakong ea ho tima¶

Ho hlahloba ba bang¶

Maholiotsoana a leqhoa a atisa ho arola batho. Hang ha u se u sireletsehile, hlahloba baahisani ba lulang ba le bang, mang kapa mang ea itšetlehileng ka thepa ea bongaka e tsamaisoang ka matla, le batho ba sa tsamaeeng hantle. Kota mamati a tseleng, letsetsa pele ka mohala, 'me u se ke ua kena ntlong eo u sa boneng ho eona haeba u nkha khase kapa mosi. Haeba motho a sa fumanehe 'me u tšoenyehile, letsetsa nomoro ea hau ea tšohanyetso ea sebakeng sa heno 'me u kope tlhahlobo ea bophelo bo botle.

Haeba u itšetlehile ka mochine o kenyang moea, sekontiri sa oksijene kapa mochine oa CPAP, bona ho tima ha motlakase bakeng sa li-concentrator tsa oksijene, li-ventilator le CPAP. Bolella lisebelisoa tsa hau esale pele haeba motho e mong ka tlung ea hau a itšetlehile ka lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tse tsamaisoang. Lits'ebeletso tse ngata li boloka lethathamo la lintho tse tlang pele, joalo ka Priority Services Register, United Kingdom, leha sebaka se lethathamong se sa tiise matla.

Liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng le liphoofolo¶

Tlisa liphoofolo tsa lapeng ka tlung 'me u li boloke ka kamoreng ea hau e futhumetseng. Likatse le lintja li ka hoama, 'me leqhoa le letsoai li utloisa matsoho a hae bohloko. Hlakola li-paws ka mor'a ho tsamaea 'me u hlahlobe hore na ha ho na mapetsong kapa ho tsoa mali. Fana ka metsi a hloekileng a sa hoamisoang, 'me u boloke lik'hemik'hale tse thibelang serame le li-icing li sa fihle, kaha li chefo. Bakeng sa mehlape le liphoofolo tse khōloanyane, hlahloba mehloli ea metsi le litšiea-moea hang ha ho se ho bolokehile. Bona liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng maemong a tšohanyetso.

Ho kganna ka mora sefefo sa leqhoa¶

Qoba ho khanna ho fihlela basebetsi ba hleka le ho lokisa litsela. Haeba u tlameha ho tsamaea, khanna butle, u e-na le likheo tse khōlō pakeng tsa likoloi, 'me u boloke khiti ea mariha ka koloing. Tsamaea ka skid, brake butle, 'me u se ke ua sebelisa cruise control holim'a leqhoa. Sheba maoto le lithapo tsa lifate, 'me u se ke ua khanna holim'a mohala, leha e shebahala e shoele. Tšoara mateano a litsela tse lefifi joalo ka ha litsela tse 'ne li ema ha matšoao a le ka ntle. Bona ho qhoqhoa ha flash le ho khanna leqhoa le letšo le koloi ea boemo ba tšohanyetso.

Ho hloekisa le ho hlaphoheloa¶

Ha leqhoa le qhibiliha, ho hloekisa ho qala. Iphe nako ea hau, sebetsa le molekane, 'me u nke khefu ho futhumala. Ho sebetsa ka thata ho batang ke kotsi ea pelo ea sebele. Haeba u kharafutsa slush e boima kapa leqhoa, bala lehlwa le kgarafung ka polokeho.

• Apara liatlana, tšireletso ea mahlo le lieta tse tiileng.
• Bokella maloanlahla hole le ntlo le ho tsoa tseleng ea basebetsi.
• U se ke ua chesa lithōle tse metsi khahlanong le ntlo kapa tlas'a lithapo tsa motlakase.
• Boloka rekoto ea lintho tse senyehileng le tokiso ea inshorense. Boloka lirisiti tsa litšenyehelo tsa tšohanyetso tse kang ho lula hoteleng, leqhoa le lijo, hobane maano a mang aa li lefa.
• Sheba marulelo a hau bakeng sa tšenyo ea leqhoa le tšenyo ea maoto a maoto hang ha leqhoa le qhibilihile. Bona ho dutla marulelong.

Lenane la tlhahlobo la letsatsi la pele ka mor'a sefefo¶

• E mong le e mong o ka hare mme a futhumetse, a apere liaparo tse omeletseng le katiba.
• Litsela tsohle tse theohileng lia tlalehoa, 'me ha ho motho ea ka hare ho limithara tse 10 (33 maoto) ho tloha ho tsona.
• Alamo e tsamaisoang ke betri ea carbon monoxide ea sebetsa.
• Ha ho jenereithara, grill kapa setofo sa kampo se ka tlung, karacheng kapa haufi le lifensetere.
• Lithelefono li tjhajiloe kapa li sebelisa matla a fokolang, 'me seea-le-moea se se se lokile.
• Baahelani ba seng ba hōlile, ba kulang kapa ba le bang ba 'nile ba hlahlojoa.
• Lijo tse ka sehatsetsing le sehatsetsing li hlahlobiloe 'me tsa bolokoa li bata.
• Metsi a sirelelitsoe hore a se ke a hatsele, 'me hoa tsebahala hore ho koaloa ho hoholo.
• Liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng li na le metsi le bolulo.
• Litšoantšo tsa tšenyo li nkuoe.

Lipotso tse botsoang khafetsa¶

Ke lokela ho lula hole hakae le mohala oa motlakase o theohileng ka mor'a sefefo sa leqhoa?¶

Ema bonyane limithara tse 10 (maoto a 33), e leng bolelele bo ka bang bolelele ba bese, 'me u nke tsela e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e le e phelang le haeba e paqame kapa e shebahala e shoele. U se ke ua tšoara ntho leha e le efe e amanang le mohala, joalo ka terata, sefate kapa koloi. Letsetsa thuso ea hau ea motlakase, kapa nomoro ea hau ea ts'ohanyetso ea lehae haeba mohala o ka mose ho tsela, koloing, kapa o lemetse motho e mong.

Na ho bolokehile ho futhumatsa ntlo ea ka ka onto kapa setofo sa khase nakong ea ho khaoha ha motlakase?¶

Che. Setofo sa khase kapa setofo ha sea etsetsoa ho futhumatsa ntlo, 'me se hlahisa carbon monoxide e ka hahang ka phaposing e koetsoeng ntle le monko leha e le ofe. Sebelisa feela lihitara tse etselitsoeng ho sebelisoa ka tlung, boloka alamo ea carbon monoxide e tsamaisoang ke betri sebakeng se seng le se seng sa boroko, 'me u ee setsing sa ho futhumatsa ntlo haeba u sa khone ho boloka ntlo e futhumetse.

Nka lula nako e kae ka tlung ntle le mocheso maemong a leholimo a batang?¶

E itšetlehile ka ntlo, mocheso oa ka ntle le batho ba ka hare. Masea, batho ba baholo le batho ba nang le maemo a bophelo ba ka kula ka tlung e phodileng, kahoo ba ise sebakeng se futhumetseng pele ho nako. Haeba thempereichara ka tlung e theohela ho likhato tse 10 tsa Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit) ’me u sa khone ho e phahamisa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng, e-ea ho beng ka uena, hoteleng kapa setsing sa ho futhumala ho e-na le ho ema.

Ho bolokehile neng ho busetsa mocheso hape ka mor'a ho tima nako e telele?¶

E bulele hang ha u se u lekola monko oa khase, ho lutla, liphaephe tse hoammeng kapa tse arohaneng, le chimela e koetsoeng kapa flue. Phahamisa thermostat ka mehato e menyenyane ho e-na le ho bua ka nako e le 'ngoe, 'me u lahlele lisebelisoa tse kholo ka bonngoe. Lekola lialamo tsa hau tsa mosi le carbon monoxide, 'me u letsetse setsebi se ngolisitsoeng ka molao haeba sebōpi sa hau, boiler kapa se futhumatsang metsi se sebetsa ka tsela e u tšoenyang.

Mehloli e hlahlobiloe¶

Tataiso leqepheng lena e ile ea hlahlojoa khahlanong le mehloli e latelang ea molao: National Weather Service (United States) maqephe a tšireletso ea boemo ba leholimo mariha, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (United States) tataiso mabapi le carbon monoxide le lijenereithara le ho lula u sireletsehile ha ho bata, Ready.gov le Federal Emergency Management Agency (United States) sefefo sa mariha le tataiso ea ho khaoha ha motlakase, Lefapha la Tšireletso la United States United Kingdom (United States) keletso ea boemo ba leholimo bo batang, National Health Service (United Kingdom) keletso mabapi le ho futhumala, le Health Canada le Public Safety Canada tataiso mabapi le lifefo tsa mariha le carbon monoxide. Moo mekhatlo e sebelisang sebaka kapa linako tse fapaneng hanyane, tataiso ena e fana ka palo e hlokolosi haholoanyane.

Ithute thuso ea pele¶

Ho bala hoa thusa, empa thupelo ea thuso ea pele e u ruta ho nka khato ha ho hlokahala. Sefapano se Sefubelu, St John Ambulance le bafani ba bangata ba moo ba tsamaisa lithuto tse khutšoanyane ka thuso ea pele, CPR le ho phekola likotsi tse batang. Behela e ’ngoe pele ho mariha a latelang, ’me u nke motho ea tsoang lelapeng la hao le uena.

Litataiso tse amanang¶

• Maholiotsoana a leqhoa, pula e batang le serame sa motlakase lia putlama
• Polokeho ea sefefo sa mariha: ho futhumatsa ntlo le ho pholoha ha serame
• Lithapo tsa motlakase tse theohileng le motlakase oa koloi
• Hypothermia and frostbite
• Lipeipi tse hatselitsoeng