I-Solo Backcountry Lower-Limb Fracture, i-Trekking Pole Splinting, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-SOS Beacon¶

Ukuzwa noma ukuzwa i-snap ebukhali eqakaleni lakho, i-tibia, noma i-femur ngemva kokushibilika ku-talus emanzi noma ukubamba ibhuzu phakathi kwezimpande zesihlahla ngenkathi uhamba wedwa ehlane kuguqula uhambo olujwayelekile lube umjaho omelene ne-conductive hypothermia, neurovascular compromise, kanye nebusuku. Uma ukuwedwa amamayela ukusuka emgwaqeni onokulimala okungazinzile kwesitho esingezansi, amaphutha amabili okuqonda aphikisanayo adala ukufa njalo ngesizini: noma ukuzama "ukuyiqinisa futhi igweqe amakhilomitha angu-10 ekuqhekekeni okungazinzile kwe-bimalleolar noma kwe-tibial," okuguqula ukuphuka okuvaliwe kube inhlekelele evulekile noma ephukile emithanjeni futhi kushiye ukuphuka kwakho okungamahlalakhona. emnyama, noma ethukile futhi ecupha ibhakhoni ye-SOS yesathelayithi ngaphakathi komhosha ojulile omncane noma ngaphansi kwe-conifer canopy eminyene ngaphandle kokuqonda 406 MHz COSPAS-SARSAT vs. Iridium/Globalstar satellite sky-view geometry.

Uma unesignali yeselula, shayela inombolo yakho yasendaweni ephuthumayo (911 e-United States naseCanada, 112 kwi-European Union, 999 e-United Kingdom) noma uthintane nemibhalo yethu yamazwe ngamazwe ye izinombolo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Uma ungaphandle kokutholakala kwamaselula, landela i-Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) kanye Ikhomishini Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokuhlenga I-Alpine (ICAR) ukuhlukana okukodwa, ukwehlukana okuthuthukisiwe, namaphrothokholi okutakula ngesathelayithi ngezansi.

Yenza lokhu manje¶

1. YEKA ukuhamba emlenzeni olimele bese ushelela ezinqeni zakho (crab-crawl) endaweni eyisicaba, ephephile, ebonakalayo esibhakabhakeni: Ngaphambi kokuthi iqakala lakho livuvuke noma i-adrenaline iguge, susa unqenqema lwamawa, ama-rockfall chute, noma izizinda zeqhwa uye endaweni eyisicaba, eyomile enombono ocace ngangokunokwenzeka wesibhakabhaka esingaphezulu ukuze uthole ukuhanjiswa kwebhakhoni yesathelayithi nokukhuphuka kwendiza enophephela emhlane.
2. Zivikele endaweni ebandayo NGAPHAMBI kokuhlola noma ukuhlukanisa umlenze: Umuntu ohamba yedwa ongakwazi ukuhamba uyeka ukukhiqiza ukushisa kokuzivocavoca umzimba ngokushesha futhi alahlekelwe ukushisa komzimba edwaleni elibandayo noma enhlabathini eswakeme ngokushesha izikhathi ezingama-25 kunasemoyeni (bona incwadi yethu ihlane hypothermia kanye ne-cold survival guide). Vula igwebu leseli elivaliwe noma indawo yokulala ephefumulayo, hlala phezu kwayo, bese ugqoka ijakhethi yakho evalekile, igobolondo lemvula, nesigqoko esifudumele khona manje.
3. Hlola Ukujikeleza kwe-Distal, Ukuzwa, kanye Nokusebenza Kwezimoto (CSM), and realign an angulated, pulseless ankle immediately: If your foot is twisted at an unnatural angle and the toes are pale, blue, ice-cold, or numb, the displaced talus or tibia is kinking the posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis arteries. Grasp the heel and forefoot, apply firm, steady axial inline traction while gently bringing the foot back toward a neutral 90-degree anatomical position, and hold it in a splint before skin necrosis begins.
4. Apply the Ottawa Ankle Rules + Axial Compression Test to decide between a Walkable Sprain (Basketweave Tape Wrap) vs. Non-Weight-Bearing Fracture (Rigid Foam-Pad + Trekking-Pole U-Splint): Nquma phakathi nemizuzu yokuqala eyi-15 ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukuzikhipha ngokuphepha usebenzisa izigxobo ezimbili zokuhamba ngezinyawo njengezinduku noma kufanele uhlale umile bese ushayela iSearch and Rescue (SAR).
5. Uma ungakwazi ukuthwala isisindo noma usendaweni ekude, vula i-Satellite SOS yakho (PLB, Garmin inReach, SPOT, noma iPhone/Pixel Satellite SOS) NGAPHAMBI kwemimoya yantambama noma izindiza ezinophephela emhlane zokuhlenga ubumnyama: Izindiza ezinophephela emhlane zokusesha nokutakula zibhekene nokwehla okunzima kwantambama kanye nemikhawulo yendiza yasebusuku. Ukuqalisa i-SOS ngo-13:00* kuvame ukukhiqiza ukukhishwa kwe-hoist yosuku olufanayo, kuyilapho ukulinda kuze kube ngu-18:30* cishe kuqinisekisa ukuchitha ubusuku uwedwa entabeni.
6. Yakha i-"Arm's-Reach Survival Nest" ezimele emlenzeni wakho ohlukanisiwe: Ngaphambi kokuthi amazinga okushisa ehle, beka itende lakho noma isaka lakho lapho uhlezi khona, gcina isihlungi sakho samanzi, isitofu, isibani sakho, ikhwela, isibuko sesignali, nesixhumi sesathelayithi kunamathiselwe esifubeni sakho, futhi uphakamise amamitha angu-201 ukuze uphakamise amasentimitha angu-20 8 amayintshi) esikhwameni sakho.

Isihlahla sesinqumo: iqakala le-backcountry uwedwa noma i-triage yokulimala komlenze¶

Landela lesi sihlahla sesinqumo esihlakaniphile ukuze unqume ukuthi unciphise, uhlukanise, uzikhiphe, noma uqalise i-SOS yesathelayithi esheshayo:

flowchart TD
    Fall["I-Solo Hiker Uhlushwa Iqakala Kakhulu noma Ukulimala Emlenzeni Osezansi"] --> SafeSpot["ISINYATHELO SOKU-1 (IMIZUZU OKUQALA 3): Hamba uye endaweni ephephile ene-Sky View -> Hlala ku-Sleeping Pad -> Gqoka Ijakhethi Nesigqoko"]
    SafeSpot --> CSMCheck{"2. Hlola i-Distal CSM & Ukuqondanisa:<br/>Ingabe Unyawo Lune-Angulated Grossly, Pulseless, Blue/White, noma Isikhumba Esiqinile?"}
    CSMCheck -->|"YEBO: I-Vascular / Skin Compromise"| Reduce["UKUNCIPHISWA OKUPHUTHUMAYO KWENKATHI <br/>Isithende sokubambelela & ingaphambili -> Donsa ukudonsa kwe-axial okugxilile okuphakathi -> Qondanisa ngobumnene ku-90-deg neutral -> Hlola kabusha ukushaya kwenhliziyo nombala -> I-Splint + I-SOS Esheshayo"]
    CSMCheck -->|"CHA: Ukuqondanisa Okujwayelekile & Izinzwane Ezifudumele eziPink"| OpenCheck{"3. Ingabe Ithambo Liyavezwa Noma Inxeba Lokopha Ngaphezu Kokuphuka (Ukuphuka Okuvulekile)?"}
    OpenCheck -->|"YEBO: Vula Ukuphuka"| OpenCare["Nisela ngamanzi ahlanzekile angu-500 mL + I-Povidone-Iodine -> Mboza nge-gauze emanzi oyinyumba -> Iziphetho ze-pad bony -> I-Splint + IMMEDIATE SOS"]
    OpenCheck -->|"CHA: Ukulimala Okuvaliwe"| Ottawa{"4. Qalisa Imithetho ye-Ottawa Ankle & 4-step Weight Test:<br/>Ukuthambile Kwethambo ku-Malleoli NOMA Awukwazi Ukuthatha Izinyathelo Ezi-4?"}
    Ottawa -->|"OKUHLE: Ukuphuka okungenzeka noma Ukuphuka kweBanga lesi-III"| BuildUSplint["YAKHA IFOAM-PAD ETHUTHUKISIWE + I-TREKKING-POLE U-SPLINT<br/>I-pad voids -> Khiya iqakala ngo-90 deg -> Hlola kabusha i-CSM njalo ngemizuzu engama-30 -> I-Trigger Satellite SOS / PLB & Build Overnight Bivy Nest"]
    Ottawa -->|"OKUBI: I-Sprain Emaphakathi/Emaphakathi & Iyakwazi Ukuthwala Isisindo"| TapeWalk["SEBENZISA I-ANKLE BASKETWEAVE / FIGURE-8 TAPE WRAP<br/>Gcina ibhuthi iboshwe ngokuqinile -> Nweba zombili izigxobo zokuhamba ukuze uthole i-3-point crutch gait -> Zikhiphe wena kancane usebenzisa i-bailout ephephe kakhulu"]

Isigaba 1: Ukuxilongwa kwenkundla, i-Sprain vs. Ukuphuka Okungazinzile (Imithetho ye-Wilderness Ottawa Ankle)¶

Ngaphandle komshini we-X-ray ehlane, wazi kanjani ukuthi iqakala lakho elivuvukele liyi-lateral ligament sprain ezinzile ongakwazi ukuyinamathisela futhi uhambe kuyo, noma ukuphuka okungazinzile kwe-fibula, i-tibia, noma i-metatarsal yesihlanu (Jones fracture)? Igunyazwe ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo ezingaphezu kuka-20 nge-98 kuya kumaphesenti angu-99 okuzwela*, Imithetho ye-Ottawa Ankle kanye Nezinyawo kuhlanganiswe ne- Proximal Fibula (Maisonneuve) Hlola ukukunikeza impendulo yenkambu eqondile emizuzwini emi-2:

1. I-5-Point Wilderness Ankle kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-Lower-Leg Palpation¶

Gcina isicathulo sakho uma ukusikhipha kuzobangela ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki noma uma uhlela ukuphuma ngokushesha; uma kungenjalo, qaqa isicathulo sakho ngokuphelele ukuze ushayele lezi zimpawu zomhlaba ezinhlanu ngomunwe owodwa:

2. Ukuhlolwa Okusebenzayo Kwezinyathelo Ezi-4 Zokuthwala Isisindo¶

Ngaphansi kwe Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) imihlahlandlela: - Uma une-zero point tenderness kunoma yiziphi izimpawu zomhlaba ezinhlanu ezingenhla, FUTHI i-distal evamile CSM, zama ukusukuma ubambe izigxobo ezimbili zokuhamba futhi uthathe 4 izinyathelo ezilandelanayo (ukudlulisa isisindo onyaweni olulimele kabili). - Uma ungathatha izinyathelo ezingu-4 (ngisho nangokuxhuga): Ukuphuka okungazinzile okuphawulekayo kukhishwa ngokuzethemba okungu-\(> 98\%\). Faka i- Figure-8 / Stirup Basketweave Tape Wrap (Leukotape noma ibhandishi elinwebekayo), bopha kabusha ibhuthi yakho kahle ukuze uthole ukwesekwa kokuminyanisa kwangaphandle, bese usuka ngezinyawo kancane usebenzisa izigxobo ezimbili zokuhamba. - Uma ungakwazi ukuthwala isisindo ngezinyathelo ezi-4, noma uma uzwa amathambo enyakaza (crepitus): Phatha umlenze njenge- **ukuphuka okungazinzile **, hlala phansi endaweni yakho yokulala, yakha i-splint eqinile, futhi ulungiselele ukusizwa noma ukukhipha indiza enophephela emhlane.

3. Ingabe Kufanele Ukhumule Ibhuthi Yakho Noma Uyishiye Ivuliwe?¶

• Shiya i-Boot KUPHELA UMA: Une-sprain emaphakathi kuya kokumaphakathi CSM futhi ngokushesha uphuma uye ku-trailhead eseduze phakathi kwamahora angu-1 kuya kwangu-3 (i-boot enezintambo isebenza njengebrace yokucindezela umoya evimbela ukuvuvukala okukhulu ekukugcineni ekubuyiseleni isicathulo).
• Khipha Ibhuthi (Futhi Uthukulule Isokisi) UMA:
• Unezinsolo ezithi ukuphuka, ukukhubazeka okukhulu, noma inxeba elophayo elivulekile.
• Uuhlala ubusuku bonke noma amahora okulinda Osesho Nokuhlenga. Ukushiya ibhuthi yokuhamba eboshwe ngokuqinile eqakaleni eliphukayo, elivuvukala ngokushesha amahora angu-6 kuya kwangu-12 esimweni sezulu esibandayo kusebenza njenge-tourniquet eqinile ebangela i-ischemic pressure necrosis, frostbite, noma i-compartment syndrome, futhi kuphoqelela abatakuli ukuthi babone ibhuthi elifriziwe eliqine kakhulu elisuka enkabeni ebuhlungu kamuva. Khipha ibhuthi kuze kube phansi ebhokisini lezinzwane (sika izintambo kuphela uma kunesidingo) bese uslayida ngobumnene ngenkathi ugcina ukusekelwa kwe-axial yesithende.

Isigaba sesi-2: Ukuhlukaniswa okuthuthukisiwe kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo uwedwa (Iphedi yokulala + I-Trekking Pole U-Splint)¶

I-splint yencwadi yokufunda kufanele ithobele Imithetho Emine Yegolide Yokuqiniswa Kwama-Orthopedic Immobilization: 1. Yenza Ilunga Elingenhla Nelunga Ngezansi: Uma uphuka iqakala/unyawo, qina ukusukaezinzwaneni ukuya ngaphansi kwedolo; ngokuphuka kwe-tibia/fibula noma i-proximal fibula ephakathi kwe-shaft, qina ukusuka ku-izinzwane kuya ethangeni elingaphezulu (ukukhiya kokubili iqakala nedolo). 2. Khiya Iqakala ku-90-Degree Neutral Angle (Position of Function): Ungalinge uhlukanise iqakala libheke phansi (equinus / i-ballerina toe-point), eyenza ibe mfushane i-tendon ye-Achilles, yenza ukugxusha kungenzeki, futhi kwandisa ukungazinzi kwamalunga. 3. Pad Every Hollow Void: Gcwalisa igebe lemvelo ngemuva kwe-Achilles tendon nangaphansi kwedolo (5 to 15 degrees of slight knee flexion) ngamasokisi noma izingubo ukuze ithambo lingakhencezi ngaphakathi kohlaka. 4. Shiya Izinzwane Zibonakale ukuze Uhlole CSM Njalo Emizuzwini engama-30: Kumelwe ukwazi ukubona futhi uthinte uzwane olukhulu ukuze uqinisekise umbala wesikhumba obomvana, ukufudumala, ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwe-capillary (under 2 seconds), ukunyakazisa uzwane, nomuzwa phakathi kozwane lokuqala nolwesibili (deep peroneal nerve).

Indlela 1: "I-Closed-Cell Foam Sleeping Pad / Inflatable Pad U-Stirrup Splint" (Ilungele i-Ankle & Lower Tibia)¶

Wonke ama-backpacker aphethe i-orthopedic splint yokugcina eboshelwe ephaketheni lawo: i-*closed-cell foam pad (Therm-a-Rest Z Lite / RidgeRest)**,ishidi lefreyimu yepulasitiki yangaphakathi, noma iphedi yomoya evuthelwe kancane.

1. Sika Ngaphambili Izintambo Ezi-4 Zokuvikela Ngaphambi Kokuhambisa Umlenze Wakho:
2. Ngaphambi kokuthi uthinte iqakala elimele, beka imichilo emide emine phansi ngaphansi kwenkonyane lakho neqakala: amabhande ojosaka, i-tent guyline paracord, ama-cravats angunxantathu, imicu ye Leukotape/i-tape, noma amahembe anemikhono emide.
3. Fold the Foam Pad Into a 3-Sided U-Stirrup ("Sugar-Tong Stirrup"):
4. Fold a \(1\text{-meter}\) (\(39\text{-inch}\)) section of your foam sleeping pad (or wrap a folded fleece jacket around an internal backpack frame stay) so it passes down the outer side of your calf, loops squarely underneath the sole of your foot at 90 degrees, and comes back up the inner side of your calf to just below the knee.
5. (Qaphela: Ungadeli yonke indawo yakho yokulala uma ulele eqhweni noma endaweni ebandayo, phinda ingxenye yesithathu engezansi yephedi uyiphakamise uzungeze umlenze wakho ongezansi kuyilapho ugcina izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu eziphezulu ngaphansi kwezinqulu zakho nomzimba wakho).
6. Pakisha Izingubo Ezithambile Ezimbotsheni Zeqakala:
7. Faka isokisi loboya elomile noma i-beanie ezikhaleni ezingenalutho ngenhla nje kwamathambo eqakala angaphakathi nangaphandle (malleoli) and behind the Achilles tendon so the rigid foam walls press against the calf and heel rather than crushing the tender ankle bones.
8. Bopha Imichilo engu-4 Ukusuka Phansi kuye Phezulu (Ungalokothi Uqonde Ngokuqondile Endaweni Yokuphuka):
9. Ibhande 1 (Umdwebo-8 Ukukhiya Kwezinyawo Kuya Eqakaleni): Goqa ibhande ngaphansi kwe-arch of the foot (ngaphandle kwe-foam stirrup), uwele phezu kwesitebhisi, bese ulibopha ngemuva kwethole elingezansi ukuze ukhiye unyawo nge-engeli 90-degree kwesokudla ukuze unyawo lungakwazi ukuwela phansi.
10. Ibhande 2 (Ithole Eliphansi, Ngenhla Kwe-Malleoli): Cindezela kahle ngenhla kwendawo yokuphuka kweqakala.
11. Ibhande 3 (Maphakathi Nenkonyane) kanye Nebhande 4 (Ithole Elingenhla, 3 cm Ngezansi Kwedolo).
12. Tie all knots on the outside of the splint where you can reach and loosen them easily with one hand as your ankle swells over the next 4 hours.

Indlela yesi-2: I-"Twin Trekking-Pole + Jacket Long-Leg Splint" (Yokuhlukaniswa Kwe-Tibia/Fibula noma Ukuphuka Kwedolo/Izinsikazi)¶

If your shin bone (tibia) or knee is fractured, a calf-height splint is too short, every time your thigh moves, the knee joint twists the broken tibia. 1. Adjust Both Trekking Poles to Exact Leg Length: - Collapse or extend Trekking Pole 1 (Outer/Lateral Pole) so it reaches from the bottom of your heel to your hip/armpit. - Adjust Trekking Pole 2 (Inner/Medial Pole) so it reaches from the bottom of your heel to 5 centimeters (2 inches) below your groin. 2. Create a Tensioned Fabric Cradle Between the Two Poles: - Zip up your rain jacket and fleece jacket, and slide the two trekking poles inside the left and right sides of the zipped jackets (or roll the poles inward from both edges of a folded sleeping pad or tarp) to form a rigid, padded two-rail trough. 3. Pad Behind the Knee (10-Degree Flexion) and Lock the Foot: - Place a rolled shirt under the back of the knee so the knee is supported in a comfortable 10-to-15-degree bend (never force a fractured leg into dead-straight hyperextension). - Secure the two poles along the outside and inside of the leg using 5 to 6 wide cloth/webbing ties (two above the knee on the thigh, two below the knee on the calf, and a Figure-8 strap locking the foot at 90 degrees against the bottom pole baskets). 4. Emergency Anatomical ("Buddy") Leg Splint (If You Have Zero Poles or Frame): - Place folded clothing or your backpack foam pad vertically between your injured leg and your uninjured leg from groin to ankle, and tie both legs together with 4 wide straps above and below the knee and around both feet in a Figure-8.

Phase 3: Satellite SOS beacon physics, how to guarantee your distress signal gets out¶

Ezweni elingemuva, ucindezela inkinobho ye-SOS kokuthi 406 MHz Personal Locator Beacon (ACR ResQLink / Ocean Signal), i- Two-Way Satellite Communicator (Garmin inReach / Zoleo / ACR Bivy Stick / SPOT), noma Smartphone Satellite SOS (Apple iPhone 14+ / Google Pixel 9+ / T-Mobile Starlink Direct-to-Cell) akuwona umlingo, i-line-of-sight microwave radio physics esebenza ku-1.6 GHz (L-Band) noma 406 MHz (UHF). Uma uthi lwakho lukhonjwe odongeni lwedwala legwadle, lugqitshwe phakathi kukajosaka, noma lucindezelwe esifubeni sakho esimanzi, iphakethe lakho le-SOS lingase lingalokothi lifinyelele isathelayithi.

1. Qedela Ukuqhathanisa Kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-Backcountry SOS Systems¶

2. Yini Ongayibhala I-Rescue Dispatch Emlayezweni Wakho Wokuqala Wezindlela Ezimbili ze-SOS (I METHANE / SOAP Iskripthi)¶

Kanye owakho Garmin inReach, Zoleo, noma iPhone Satellite SOS ixhumeka ekuthumeleni izimo eziphuthumayo, ibhethri lakho lingabanda futhi zonke izinhlamvu zibalulekile. Thumela lokhu ngqo 5-Line Solo Backcountry Medical Report empendulweni yakho yokuqala ngakho Sesha futhi Uhlenge (SAR) ithumela indiza efanele noma ithimba likadoti ekuqalisweni kokuqala:

1. INJURY: Solo hiker [Name, Age], probable closed right bimalleolar ankle fracture after fall at [Time]. Non-weight-bearing.
2. VITALS/CSM: Awake & alert. Foot aligned in foam/trekking-pole splint, toes warm/pink with pulse intact. No head/spine trauma.
3. SHELTER/SUPPLIES: On insulated pad inside [Color, e.g., bright orange] tent with 0C sleeping bag, stove, 2.5L water, 2 days food.
4. TERRAIN/LZ: At GPS [Lat, Lon], elev [e.g., 2,850m], 50m east of trail in open meadow suitable for helicopter hoist/landing. Winds calm.
5. COMMS: Checking inReach messages every 30 min on the hour/half-hour to conserve battery (currently at 65%).

3. Ukulungiselela Isikhundla Sakho Sokukhwela Indiza Enophephela Emhlane noma Ukufika kwe-Ground SAR¶

Lapho indiza enophephela emhlane yokuhlenga i-alpine (Black Hawk, Bell 412, Airbus H145) noma ithimba lemfucumfucu yaphansi lisondela kuzixhumanisi zakho: 1. Secure All Loose Lightweight Gear Before the Helicopter Arrives (Rotor Downwash Hazard): - A hovering rescue helicopter generates 80 to 130 km/h (50 to 80 mph) hurricane-force rotor wash. An un-staked ultralight tent, loose foam sleeping pad, or rain jacket left lying on the ground will be sucked straight up into the tail rotor, potentially causing a fatal aircraft crash. - The moment you hear rotor blades approaching, stuff your loose sleeping pad, jacket, and tarp inside your zipped backpack, collapse your tent poles flat under your body weight (or weight them with heavy rocks), and put on eye protection/goggles. 2. High-Contrast Visual and Daytime Mirror Signaling: - During daylight, wear or lay out your brightest international blaze-orange, neon-yellow, or magenta gear in a giant V-shape or X-shape weighted with rocks in the clearing, and flash a signal mirror (or the glass screen of your smartphone using the two-finger V-sighting method) toward the cockpit when the aircraft is scanning from 1 to 3 kilometers away. - At night, turn your headlamp to strobe mode pointed upward into the trees or clearing, never shine a high-lumen white flashlight or green laser directly at a helicopter cockpit at night, which blinds the pilots' night-vision goggles (NVGs). 3. Never Touch a Helicopter Hoist Cable Until the Static Grounding Prong Hits the Dirt: - A spinning helicopter builds up 50,000 to 200,000 volts of static electricity. If they lower a rescue basket or cable to you, let the metal cable touch the ground first to discharge the static shock before grabbing it with your hands.

Phase 4: Self-evacuation mechanics (When you must crutch out alone)¶

If you have a stable sprain or minor fracture, no satellite beacon, no cellular signal, and nobody knows your itinerary (no overdue callout time), you may have to self-evacuate slowly to a trail or road: 1. The Two-Pole "Cross-Chest or Forearm Crutch" Technique: - Lengthen both trekking poles to their maximum safe lock line (130 to 140 cm / 51 to 55 inches). - Wrap a rolled sock or glove taped over the top of each pole grip. - Plant both trekking poles 30 centimeters (12 inches) forward simultaneously, bear 60 to 80 percent of your body weight through your locked wrists and lats onto the two poles (plus the wrist straps wrapped properly from underneath), and swing your uninjured leg through in short, controlled 25-centimeter (10-inch) steps. 2. The Downhill Butt-Scoot ("Crab Walk") for Steep Talus and Ledges: - Crutching downhill on loose scree or wet rock with one leg is an invitation to fall and break your wrist or femur. On any steep descent (> 15 degrees), sit on your buttocks (wear rain pants or strap a folded section of closed-cell foam pad to your seat like a diaper to prevent rock abrasions), hold your splinted leg slightly elevated in front of you, and walk backward/downhill using your two hands and your good heel.

Solo hiker backcountry fracture readiness checklist¶

• Phatha Irejista 406 MHz PLB noma Isilayezi Sesathelayithi Esisebenzayo Esinendlela Embili Esisikwe Ebhandeni Lakho Lamahlombe (Ungalinge Ngaphakathi Kwephakethe Lakho): Uma uwe phansi emgodini bese wehlukana nobhaka wakho, ibhikhoni engaphakathi kwephakethe lakho ngeke likusindise.
• Shiya Uhlelo Lohambo Olubhaliwe (Wait-Until / Panic Time) Ngothintwayo Othenjwayo: Faka i-trailhead yakho, ipuleti lelayisense yemoto, umzila oqondile, umbala wetende, i-ID yebhakhoni yesathelayithi, kanye nehora eliqondile okufanele babize ngalo i-County Sheriff / Park Dispatch uma ungangenanga.
• Pakisha i-35-Gram SAM Splint (noma I-Closed-Cell Sit Pad), Imitha elingu-1 Leukotape P, kanye nesaka le-Emergency Bivy (SOL Escape Bivvy) Ekuhambeni Kwansuku Zonke: Abaqwala izintaba babulawa i-hypothermia yasebusuku ngemva kokuphuka iqakala kaningi kunama-backpackers asebusuku ngenxa yokuthi abaqwala izintaba abanazikhwama zokulala noma i-pad.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa¶

Ingabe kufanele ngiqondise iqakala eligogekile, elikhubazekile ehlane uma ngingedwa?¶

Ngokweziqondiso zemitholampilo ye-Wilderness Medical Society (WMS), uma iqakala eliphukile noma eligudlukile lidabuke kakhulu futhi unyawo luphaphathekile, luluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lubanda, alunanhliziyo, noma unqenqema lwethambo olucijile lunwebeka ngokuqinile isikhumba seqakala (i-skin tenting), kufanele usilungise kabusha ngokushesha. Ishiywe ingancishisiwe ngaphezu kwe-2 emahoreni angu-4, i-kinked posterior tibial artery noma isikhumba se-ankle esilulekile sizobangela i-necrosis yezicubu ezingenakuhlehliswa kanye nokulahlekelwa kwezitho isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokufika kokuhlenga. Bamba isithende ngesandla esisodwa kanye nengaphambili ngesinye, donsa uqine, ukuhlehla okusemgqeni okungaguquki eduze kwe-eksisi yomlenze ongezansi, futhi uqondise ngobumnene unyawo ubuyisele endaweni evamile yokungathathi hlangothi kwama-degree angu-90 ngaphambi kokulikhiya ngaphakathi kwe-U-splint.

Ingabe kufanele ngikhumule ibhuthi yami yokuhamba ngezinyawo noma ngiyishiye ivuliwe ngemva kokulimala iqakala endleleni?¶

Uma une-sprain ethambile noma emaphakathi (udlula Imithetho ye-Ottawa Ankle ngaphandle kokuthamba kwethambo emaphethelweni angemuva eqakala futhi ungakwazi ukuthwala isisindo ngezinyathelo ezi-4) futhi uphuma ngokushesha uye emotweni yakho phakathi nehora elingu-1 kuya kwangu-3, ​​shiya ibhuthi yakho iboshwe, inikeza ukusekela okuqinile kokucindezela. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinsolo zokuphuka, ukukhubazeka okukhulu, izinzwane ezindikindiki noma ezibandayo, noma uyama ukuze ulinde amahora amaningi noma ubusuku bonke ukuze Usesho Nokusindisa, khumula ibhuthi ngokucophelela ngenkathi usekela isithende. Ukushiya i-boot eqinile ku-fracturing, i-ankle evuvukayo amahora amaningi isebenza njenge-tourniquet enqamula ukujikeleza kwegazi, yenza isithwathwa sibe sibi kakhulu kanye ne-hypothermia, futhi kungabangela i-compartment syndrome.

Kungani umlayezo wami wesathelayithi we-SOS wehlulekile ukuthumela ngaphakathi komhosha noma ehlathini, futhi ngiwulungisa kanjani?¶

Izithunywa zesathelayithi zezindlela ezimbili (njenge-Garmin inReach noma i-Zoleo) kanye nezici ze-SOS zesathelayithi ye-smartphone zisebenzisa amaza omsakazo webhendi ye-1.6 GHz L-band enamandla angakwazi ukungena ezindongeni zamadwala, emanzini omzimba womuntu, noma izinaliti eziminyene zikaphayini ezimanzi. Ukuze ukhiphe umlayezo, susa amamitha angu-20 kuye kwangama-30 ukusuka ezindongeni zamawa ukuya endaweni evulekile etholakalayo, khomba uthi lwedivayisi phezulu esibhakabhakeni esivuleke kakhulu, gcina umzimba wakho nezandla zikude nothi, bese ushiya idivayisi imile imizuzu eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20. Ngenxa yokuthi amasathelayithi e-Iridium kanye ne-Globalstar ahamba esibhakabhakeni ku-Low Earth Orbit, isathelayithi izowela ngqo endaweni yakho encane ye-canyon phakathi nemizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-25 bese izitholela usizi olukumugqa ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ngilenza kanjani i-ankle eliqinile ngisebenzisa igiya elijwayelekile lokupakisha kuphela?¶

Sebenzisa i-U-Stirrup ("I-Sugar-Tong") I-Foam Pad Splint: phinda ingxenye eyimitha engu-1 yephedi lakho lokulala legwebu elivaliwe (noma bopha ijakhethi yoboya eshidini lefreyimu yangaphakathi yesikhwama sakho sepulasitiki) ibe yi-U-shape eyehla ngaphandle kwenkonyane lakho, idlule isikwele ngaphansi kwesithende sakho nangaphansi kwedolo lakho, bese ubuyela phezulu phezulu kwenkonyane lakho. Faka amasokisi ezikhala ezikhaleni ezingemuva kwethenda yakho ye-Achilles kanye naseduze kwamathambo akho eqakala, bese ubopha izintambo ezine ngaphandle, okuhlanganisa nebhande le-Figure-8 elizungeze unyawo kanye neqakala elivala unyawo lwakho nge-engeli engu-90-degree ukuze lungakwazi ukushona phansi.

Imithombo ihloliwe¶

• I-Wilderness Medical Society (WMS): Iziqondiso Zomtholampilo Zokusekela Ukuphila Kwasehlane, Ukulawulwa Kokuhlukumezeka Komgogodla Nokudlulele, Ukuncishiswa Kwensimu Ye-Angulated Dislocations/Fractures, Nokuphathwa Kweziqhekeko Ezivulekile.
• I-Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (Stiell et al.): Imithetho ye-Ottawa Ankle kanye Nezinyawo Zokuthatha Izinqumo Zomtholampilo Ekulimaleni Okubuhlungu Kwe-Ankle kanye Ne-Midfoot.
• Ikhomishini Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yokuhlenga i-Alpine (ICAR / CISA-IKAR): Izincomo zeKhomishana Yezokwelapha Ye-Mountain Rescue for Improvised Extremity Splinting, Hypothermia Prevention in Immobilised Trauma Patients (Wrap Package), kanye ne-Helicopter Hoist Safety.
• I-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA / SARSAT), i-US Air Force Rescue Coordination Centre (AFRCC), kanye ne-Garmin International (IERCC): 406 MHz COSPAS-SARSAT Personal Locator Beacon (PLB) kanye ne-Iridium LEO Satellite SOS Transmission Physics.

Iziqondiso ezihlobene¶

• I-Wilderness hypothermia, ukukhathala okumanzi nokubanda, nokufudumala kabusha
• Ilahlekile ngenkathi uqwala izintaba noma ukanise: STOP iphrothokholi nokusayina
• Izingozi zokuqwala amatshe, amatshe, nokuqwala izintaba
• Indawo yokuzingela ikwindla, ukudubula kwesibhamu ngephutha, nokukhishwa kwe-backcountry hemorrhage
• Izinombolo zesimo esiphuthumayo ngezwe