Solo Backcountry Ɓoornugol Les-Terɗe, Ɓoornugol Leɗɗe Trekking, e Kuutoragol SOS Beacon¶

Nande walla nande ɓuuɓol tiiɗngol e nder koyngal maa, e nder wuttulo maa, walla e nder wuttulo maa caggal nde ɓuuɓɗaa e dow talus ɓuuɓɗo walla nannguɗaa bootoyel hakkunde ɗaɗi leɗɗe tawa aɗa yaha aɗa yaha tan e nder ladde, ina wayla yahdu njuumri e nder dogdu ngam haɓaade hipotermi conductive, compromise neurovasculaire, e **nightfall So aɗa woni kilooji seeɗa e laawol ngol ŋakkere leslesre nde dartaaki, majjere hakkille ɗiɗi luurondirɗe ina ngadda maayɗeele kala sahaa : so tawii ko etaade « tiiɗtinde ɗum e hobble kilooji 10 e dow ŋakkere bimalleolar walla tibial nde dartaaki », ko ɗum waylata ŋakkere udditiinde e nder ŋakkere vamaalap o colpensed walla catastrophic you- colves ɓuuɓol ngol njiylawu waɗaaka caggal niɓɓere, walla hulɓiniinde e udditde lampa SOS satelit nder ɓuuɓol luggiɗngol ɓuuɓngol walla les ɓuuɓol ɓuuɓngol ɓuuɓngol tawa faamaani **406 MHz COSPAS-SARSAT vs.

So aɗa jogii kala signal celluka, noddu limoore emergency nokku maa (911 to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e Kanadaa, 112 e nder Dental Orop fof, 999 e nder leydi Angalteer) walla ƴeewto regginorde men winndereyankoore nde limooje caɗtuɗe ɗoon e ɗoon. So tawii a yaltii e cellal, rewa e Fedde Cafrirɗe Ladde (WMS) e Komisiyoŋ hakkunde leyɗeele ngam hisnude Alpine (ICAR) ƴeewndo ɓuuɓri solo, ɓuuɓri improvisé, e porotokolle hisnude satelit les.

Waɗde ɗum jooni¶

1. WOPPI yahde e koyngal gaañiiɗo ngal, ɓuuɓto-ɗaa e dow wuttulo maa (crab-crawl) to nokku ɓuuɓɗo, kisal, yiyteteeɗo e asamaan: Ko adii nde koyngal maa ɓuuɓtata walla adrenalin maa ɓuuɓtoo, ƴettu ŋoral kaaƴe, ŋoral kaaƴe, walla ŋoral nees, dow nokku ŋoral, joorngal, tawa aɗa yi’a asamaan ɓurɗo laaɓtude ngam yiytude satelit beacon transmission e helicop.
2. Insulate hoore maa e leydi toowndi HADDE ƴeewndaade walla ɓuuɓnude koyngal: Hiker solo mo alaa ko woni e mum oo, ina woppa nguleeki ɓalndu ɗoon e ɗoon, ina waasa nguleeki ɓanndu mum e nder haayre toownde walla leydi ɓuuɓndi laabi 25 ko ɓuri yaawde e henndu (ƴeew men ladde hipotermi e njillu nguurndam e nguleeki). Sokkit foam closed-cell walla pad ɗanngal ɓuuɓngal, jooɗo e dow mum, ɓoorno-ɗaa jacket maa pufɗo insulated, koɗorɗe toɓo, e hattan ɓuuɓɗo jooni jooni.
3. Ƴeewto cirkulaasiyoŋ distal, senngo, e golle mooftirgel (CSM), e reentaade koyngal gonngal e ŋoral, ngal alaa pulse ɗoon e ɗoon: So tawii koyngal maa ina ɓuuɓtoo e ŋoral ngal alaa ko woni e mum, tawa koppi maa ina ɓuuɓi, ina ɓuuɓi, ina ɓuuɓi no feewi, walla ina ɓuuɓna, talus walla tibia gonɗo e ɓuuɓde oo ina ɓuuɓna ƴiye tibial e dorsalis pedis caggal. Nanngu taƴre ndee e koyngal yeesowal, mbaɗa traction inline axiale tiiɗnde, tiiɗnde tawa aɗa addana koyngal ngal no feewi feewde e nokku anatomiik 90 degere, jogoɗaa ɗum e nder ɓuuɓri hade nekrosis ɓalndu fuɗɗaade.
4. Naftoraade kuule Ottawa + jarribo ɓuuɓngo aksiyoŋ ngam suɓaade hakkunde ɓuuɓol yahoowo (Basketweave Tape Wrap) vs. Feccere nde alaa teddeendi (Rigid Foam-Pad + Trekking-Pole U-Splint): Feewnit e nder hojomaaji 15 gadani ɗii so tawii aɗa waawi yaltude e hoore maa tawa aɗa huutoroo jolɗe ɗiɗi ngam waɗde jokkorgal walla aɗa foti heddaade e noddude Search and Rescue (SAR).
5. So a waawaa muñde teddeendi walla aɗa woni e nokkuuji toowɗi, softin Satellite SOS maa (PLB, Garmin inReach, SPOT, mala iPhone/Pixel Satellite SOS) KO ADDI henndu kikiiɗe walla niɓɓere elikopteeruuji hisnude leydi : Elikopteeruuji njiylawu e hisnude koɗli ina njogii ɓuuɓol mawngol kikiiɗe e keeri diwde jamma. Sosde SOS e 13:00 ina heewi addude ƴettugol hoist ñalnde heen, tawi noon fadde haa 18:30 ina fotnoo addande neɗɗo jamma tan e dow tulde.
6. Mahde "Arm's-Reach Survival Nest" gonɗo e hoore mum e sara koyngal maa ɓuuɓngal: Ko adii nde nguleeki kikiiɗe ina ustoo, ƴettu laylaytol maa walla saak bivy maa ɗo njooɗiɗaa ɗoo, jogo filtirde ndiyam maa, ƴulɓe, lampa hoore, fijirde, daarorgal signal, e satelit jokkondirɗo cli and5 20 santimeeteer (6 haa 8 inch) e dow ŋoral maa.

Lekki kuulal: solo backcountry ankle walla koyngal ñawu triage¶

Rewtu ndee lekki kuule taktik ngam anndude so tawii ko ustude, ɓuuɓnude, ɓuuɓnude hoore mum, walla ustude SOS satelit ɗoon e ɗoon :

flowchart TD
    Fall["Solo Hiker ina wondi e ñawu ɓuuɓngu e koyngal walla les koyngal"] --> SafeSpot["ƊATAL 1 (3 MIN ADDAƊO): Scoot to Safe Flat Spot E Yiyngo Asamaan -> Joɗɗinde Pad ɗanngal -> Waɗde Jaket & Hat Insulated"]
    SafeSpot --> CSMCheck{"2. Ƴeewto CSM Distal & Alignment:<br/>Mbele Koyngal ina waɗi njuuteendi, ina waɗi pulse, ina waɗi bulo/daneejo, walla ina waɗi tente?"}
    CSMCheck -->|"EEY: Koolondiral ƴiiƴam / ɓalndu"| Reduce["USTINGO LAADU JAAWƊO<br/>Njaɓɓu taƴre & koyngal yeeso -> Pullugol jolngo aksiyoŋ -> Ƴeewndo no feewi feewde e 90-deg neutral -> Ƴeewto pulse & colour -> Splint + SOS ƊOO"]
    CSMCheck -->|"NO: Alignment no woorunoo & Pink Warm Toes"| OpenCheck{"3. Mbele kosam ina feeña walla ina ɓuuɓna ƴiiƴam dow ɓuuɓri (Fracture ouverte)?"}
    OpenCheck -->|"EEY: Uddit Fracture"| OpenCare["Ƴeewee e 500 mL ndiyam laaɓɗam + Povidone-Iodine -> Suuɗde e gaas ɓuuɓɗo steril -> Pad ƴiye -> Ɓoornugol + SOS ƊOO"]
    OpenCheck -->|"NO: Gaññeeje udditiiɗe"| Ottawa{"4. Dogdu Ottawa Ankle Kuule & Test Teddeendi 4-Ɗatal:<br/>Teddeendi ƴiye e dow Malleoli WALLA Waawaa Ƴettude Ɗatal 4?"}
    Ottawa -->|"POSITIF: Feccere ina waawi wonde walla Feccere Toɓɓere III"| BuildUSplint["ƊAƊƊI FOAM-PAD + U-SPLINT TREKKING-POLE<br/>Ɗaɗi pad -> Ɓoornugol koyngal e 90 deg -> Ƴeewto CSM kala 30 min -> Ƴeewndo Satelit SOS / PLB & Mahi Jamma Bivy Nest"]
    Ottawa -->|"NEGATIVE: Ɓooygol ɓuuɓngol/hakkunde & Waawde jogaade teddeendi"| TapeWalk["WAƊDE ANKLE BASKETWEAVE / FIGURE-8 TAPE WRAP<br/>Jogaade boowal laaɗe tiiɗngal -> Juuttin jolɗe ɗiɗi ɗee kala ngam yahdu 3-toɓɓe -> Ƴettu hoore maa seeɗa seeɗa e laawol ballal ɓurngol kisal"]

Faandaare 1: Ƴeewndo ladde, ɓuuɓri vs.¶

So tawii masiŋ X-ray alaa e nder ladde, hol no nganndirtaa so tawii koppi maa ɓuuɓɗi ɗii ko ɓuuɓri gonndi e ɓalndu nduu, ndi mbaaw-ɗaa taƴde e yaltude e dow mum, walla ko ɓuuɓri ndi dartaaki e fibula, tibia, walla metatarsal joyaɓo (Jones fracture)? Siftinaama e nder jarribooji safaara ko ina tolnoo e 20 e 98 haa 99 e nder teemedere sensitivite, Kuule Ottawa jowitiiɗe e koyɗe e koyɗe ina kawri e Fibula Proximal (Maisonneuve) Ƴeew hokku ma jaabawol fannu laaɓtungol e nder hojomaaji 2:

1. Jaŋde 5-Point ladde Ankle & Les-Leg Palpation¶

Waɗtu paɗe maa so tawii ittude ɗum ina addana-ma mette ɗe muñataa walla so tawii aɗa yiɗi yaltude ɗoon e ɗoon ; so wonaa ɗuum, ɓoorno-ɗaa paɗe maa haa laaɓa ngam paltude ɗeeɗoo maandeeji joy ƴiye e junngo wooto :

2. Test 4-Step teddeendi gollorde¶

Les Fedde Cafrirɗe Ladde (WMS) jamirooje: - So aɗa jogii teddere toɓɓere zero e kala maandeeji joy ƴiye dow ɗii, E distal no woorunoo CSM, etaade daraade ina jogii jolɗe ɗiɗi trekking e ƴettude 4 paɗe jokkondirɗe (waɗde teddeendi e koyngal gaañiiɗo laabi ɗiɗi). - So aɗa waawi ƴettude laabi 4 (hay so e limp): Feccere maantinnde nde dartaaki ina safree e \(> 98\%\) hoolaare. Waɗde Natal-8 / Ɓoornugol Ɓoornugol Ɓoornugol (Leukotape walla bannge elastik), re-lace boot maa snugly ngam ballal compression yaajnde, e hike yaltude seeɗa seeɗa e huutoraade leɗɗe ɗiɗi trekking. - So a waawaa muñde teddeendi fotde 4 step, walla so aɗa nana ƴiye ina njirloo (crepitus): Hokku koyngal ngal no feccere nde dartaaki nii, jooɗo e dow ŋoral ɗanngal maa, mah ŋoral tiiɗngal, peewnu ngam ittude ɗum e ballal walla e elikopteer.

3. Mbele aɗa foti ittude boot maa walla aɗa foti accude ɗum?¶

• Accu Boot ON TAN SO: Aɗa jogii ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi haa ɓuuɓndi ndi alaa ko bonnata CSM e ɗoon e ɗoon aɗa yalta e ŋoral saraaji e nder waktuuji 1 haa 3 (booto laced ina waɗi ko wayi no ɓuuɓri pneumatique compression brace haɗata ɓuuɓri mawndi haɗde ma heɓde paɗe ɗee).
• Ƴettu Boot OFF (E Loowde Sock) SO:
• Aɗa jogii tuumaaɗo feccere, deformité sévère, walla gaañannde ƴiiƴam udditiinde.
• Aɗa hedda jamma walla aɗa fadi waktuuji ngam Njiylawu e Hisnude. Accude bootoyel yah-ngartaa tiiɗngel e dow ŋoral ɓuuɓngal, ɓuuɓngal yaawngal fotde waktuuji 6 haa 12 e nder nguleeki, ina waɗi ko wayi no turniket tiiɗɗo, baawɗo saabaade nekrosis iskemiik, ɓuuɓri, walla ɓuuɓri gonndi e ŋoral, e doole hisnooɓe ɓee ngam sawrude ŋoral ɓuuɓngal. Sokkit bootoyel ngel haa les haa to kees koyɗe (taƴon jolɗe ɗee tan so ina haani) ɓuuɓna ɗum no feewi tawa aɗa jokki e ballal aksiyoŋ taƴre ndee.

Faandaare 2: Ƴeewndo improvisé solo (Pad ɗanngal + U-Splint Pole Trekking)¶

Deftere janngirnde ladde splint ina foti ɗooftaade Kuule nay kaŋŋe ngam ustude ƴiiƴam: 1. Immobilize Joint Supérieur et Joint Inférieur: Ngam ɓuuɓnude koyngal/koyngal, immobilize gila e koppi haa les koppi tan; ngam ɓuuɓri tibia/fibula hakkunde-shaft walla fibula ɓadiiɗo, immobilize gila e koppi haa e koyɗe toowɗe (udditde koppi e koppi fof). 2. Sokkitde Ankle e 90-Degereeji (Position of Function): Hoto meeɗ seerndude koyngal toŋngal les (equinus / ballerina toe-point), ko ɗum juutnata ƴiiƴam Achilles, waɗta ɓuuɓde waasa, ɓeyda kadi ŋakkere jokkondire. 3. Pad kala ɓuuɓri: Hebbinde ɓuuɓri naftoori caggal ƴiye Achilles e les koppi (5 to 15 degrees of slight knee flexion) e soseeji walla comci mbele ƴiyal ngal ina ɓuuɓtoo e nder ƴiiƴam ɗam. 4. Accu Koppi Yiyateeɗi ngam Ƴeewtaade CSM Kala Hojomaaji 30: Aɗa foti waawde yiyde e meemde koyngal mawngal ngam hoolkisaade mbaydi ɓalndu pinndi, nguleeki, refill kapilaar (under 2 seconds), ɓuuɓri koyɗe, e ɓuuɓri hakkunde koyɗe gadane e ɗiɗmere (deep peroneal nerve).

Laawol 1: "Pad ɗaaniiɗo ɓuuɓɗo / pad ɓuuɓɗo U-Stirrup Splint" (Ɓurɗo moƴƴude e koppi e les tibia)¶

Kala backpacker ina jogii ƴulɓe ortopeedi timmuɗe jokkondirɗe e pack mum en : pad foam closed-cell (Therm-a-Rest Z Lite / RidgeRest), lefol kaɓirgal saak plastik nder, walla pad henndu ɓuuɓndu feccere.

1. Pre-Cut 4 Ɓoggi Secure Ko adii Moƴƴinde Koyngal Maa:
2. Ko adii nde memataa wuttulo ngo, lelnu jolɗe juutɗe nay e dow leydi les wuttulo maa e wuttulo maa : jolɗe compression backpack, paracord guyline tent, cravats triangle, jolɗe de Leukotape/duct tape, walla limce juutɗe.
3. Foltu Pad Foam E nder 3-Side U-Stirrup ("Stirrup Suukara-Tong"):
4. Follude \(1\text{-meter}\) (\(39\text{-inch}\)) taƴre ɗanngal maa foam (walla ɓuuɓnude jacket ɓuuɓɗo e dow jokkere enɗam ndernderiire) ngam nde rewa dow bannge yaajɗo e calɗi maa, loope squarely les sole back maa e dow de9 maa calf to les koppi tan.
5. (Tesko: Hoto kirsu ɗanngal maa fof so aɗa lelii e dow nees walla e leydi ɓuuɓndi, ɓuuɓna tan tataɓal les ngal ɗanngal ngal dow e sara koyngal maa les tawa aɗa jogii tataɓal ɗiɗi dow ngal les ŋoral maa e ɓalndu maa).
6. Pack Ɓoornugol Soft E nder Ɓoornugol Koppi:
7. Tuccu soseeji walla beanie joorɗi e nder ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓndi dow tan e ƴiye koyɗe nder e yaasi (malleoli) e caggal ƴiyal Achilles noon koɗorɗe foamre tiiɗnde ina ɓuuɓna e calɗi e taƴre ɓurnde ɓuuɓnude ƴiye koyɗe ɓutte.
8. Haɓɓu 4 Straps Gila Les haa Dow (Meeɗa Direct Dow Nokku Fracture):
9. Strap 1 (Natal-8 Foot-to-Ankle Lock): Ɓoorno-ɗaa wutte les arc koyngal (yaasi stirrup foam), taƴa ɗum dow dow instep, e jokkol ngol caggal calɗi les ngam jokkere koyngal ngal e 90-degree right angle ngam koyngal waawa flo.p
10. Strap 2 (Calf les, Dow Malleoli tan): Cinch snugly dow nokku ɓuuɓɗo gonɗo e koyngal.
11. Kaɓirgal 3 (Cakkital Nagge) e Kaɓirgal 4 (Cakkital Toowngal, 3 cm Les Koppi).
12. Siŋku denndaangal jokkere enɗam e yaasi jokkere enɗam ɗo mbaaw-ɗaa yettaade e loowde ɗum en e nofru e junngo wooto nde ƴiiƴam maa ɓuuɓnata e nder waktuuji 4 garooji ɗii.

Laawol 2: "Twin Trekking-Pole + Jacket juutɗo koyɗe" (Ngam ɓuuɓri tibia/fibula walla ɓuuɓri koppi/femur)¶

So tawii ƴiyal maa (tibia) walla goddol ina ɓuuɓtoo, ɓuuɓri toowndi calɗi ina juuti, kala nde koyngal maa diwi, jokkere goddol ina ɓuuɓna ƴiye ɓuuɓɗe ɗee. 1. Njuɓɓin ɓoggi Trekking ɗiɗi ɗii fof e njuuteendi koyɗe laaɓtuɗe: - Koppi walla yaajnude Trekking Pole 1 (Pole Yaajɗo/Lateral) haa ɗum yettoo gila les taƴre maa haa e hip/armpit maa. - Reento Trekking Pole 2 (Pole nder/hakkunde) mbele ina yettoo gila les taƴre maa haa santimeeteeruuji 5 (2 inch) les ŋoral maa. 2. Sosde Ɓotel Tensioned Hakkunde Poles Ɗiɗi: - Zip up jacket maa toɓo e jacket fleece, e ɓuuɓnude jolɗe ɗiɗi trekking nder bannge nano e bannge ñaamo jackets zip (walla ɓuuɓnude jolɗe ɗee e nder gila e geɗe ɗiɗi ɗee fof e paddorde ɗanngal follaande walla tarp) ngam waɗde two-rail trough tiiɗɗo, padded. 3. Pad Ɓaawo Koppi (10-Degree Flexion) e Lock Koyngal: - Waɗde limce ɓuuɓɗe les ɓalewol goddol ngol mbele goddol ngol ina wallita e 10-to-15-degree bend (woto meeɗ doole koyngal ɓuuɓngal e nder hiperekstensiyoŋ maayɗo-juutɗo). - Siftor jolɗe ɗiɗi ɗee e yaasi e nder koyngal ngal e huutoraade 5 haa 6 jolɗe jaajɗe ɓoggol/webbing (ɗiɗi dow koppi e dow koyngal, ɗiɗi les koppi e dow calɗi, e jokkol Natal-8 coktirgal koyngal ngal e 90 degereeji e dow baskeeji jolɗe les ɗee). 4. Anatomi ("Buddy") Koyngal (So aɗa jogii jolɗe walla kaɓirgal zero): - Waɗde comci follaaɗi walla paddorde foam backpack maa ina ndarii hakkunde koyngal maa gaañiiɗo e koyngal maa gaañaaka gila e ŋoral haa e ŋoral, e jokkondirde e koyɗe ɗiɗi ɗee kala e 4 ŋoral jaajngal dow e les koppi e saraaji koyɗe ɗiɗi ɗee e nder Natal-8.

Faandaare 3 : Fisik lampaaji SOS satelit, hol no gartirta signaal mette maa yalta¶

E nder leydi caggal, toɓɓude butoŋ SOS e dow 406 MHz Baacon Locateur Personnel (ACR ResQLink / Ocean Signal), ko Jokkondiral satelit laabi ɗiɗi (Garmin inReach / Zoleo / ACR Bivy Stick / SPOT), walla SOS Satelit Telefoŋ cinndo (Apple iPhone 14+ / Google Pixel 9+ / T-Mobile Starlink Direct-to-Cell) wonaa maagi, ko fisik rajo mikroo-onde liggotooɗo e 1,6 GHz (L-Band) walla 406 MHz (UHF). So tawii antena maa toɗɗaama e nder ŋoral kaaƴe granit, udditaama e nder saak, walla ɓuuɓnaama e ɓalndu maa ɓuuɓndu, packet maa SOS ina waawi waasde yettaade satelit.

1. Njiylawu karallaagal timmungal e Siistemaaji SOS Backcountry¶

2. Ko foti winndude Rescue Dispatch e nder Mesaas SOS maa gadano mo laabi ɗiɗi (The METHANE / SOAP Binndol)¶

Waɗi sahaa gooto maa Garmin inReach, Zoleo, mala iPhone Satellite SOS jokkondirta e neldugol emergency, batte maa ina mbaawi wonde cooyɗe kadi kala karallaagal ina limtee. Neldu ndeeɗoo Rapport Medical Solo Backcountry 5-Line e nder jaabawol maa gadanol ngol no feewi ngam Yiylaade e Hisnude (SAR) neldata ko laana ndiwoowa walla ekipaaji liɗɗi potɗi e udditgol gadanol ngol :

1. INJURY: Solo hiker [Name, Age], probable closed right bimalleolar ankle fracture after fall at [Time]. Non-weight-bearing.
2. VITALS/CSM: Awake & alert. Foot aligned in foam/trekking-pole splint, toes warm/pink with pulse intact. No head/spine trauma.
3. SHELTER/SUPPLIES: On insulated pad inside [Color, e.g., bright orange] tent with 0C sleeping bag, stove, 2.5L water, 2 days food.
4. TERRAIN/LZ: At GPS [Lat, Lon], elev [e.g., 2,850m], 50m east of trail in open meadow suitable for helicopter hoist/landing. Winds calm.
5. COMMS: Checking inReach messages every 30 min on the hour/half-hour to conserve battery (currently at 65%).

3. Peewnugol darnde maa ngam ƴettude elikopteer walla arde SAR leydi¶

Nde elikopteer alpine hisnuɗo (Black Hawk, Bell 412, Airbus H145) walla ekipaaji liɗɗi leydi ina ɓadtoo coordinateeji maa: 1. Secure Denndaangal Geɗe Loose Loose Ko adii nde Elikopter oo Artata (Rotor Downwash Hazard): - Elikopteer hisnuɗo ina waɗa 80 haa 130 km/h (50 haa 80 mph) loowdi rotor doole henndu. Tent ultralight mo alaa stake, pad ɗanngal foam loose, walla jacket toɓo heddii ina lelni e leydi, maa suuɗe haa laaɓa cer e nder rotor wutte, ina waawi saabaade jolngo laana ndiwoowa bonka. - So a nanii lampaaji rotor ina ɓadii, ɓurtu paddorde ɗanngal maa loose, jacket, e tarp nder saak maa zip, ɓuuɓna jolɗe laylaytol maa les teddeendi ɓanndu maa (walla teddeendi ɗe e kaaƴe teeŋtuɗe), mbaɗtaa heen kaɓirɗe gite/goggles. 2. Signal Miroir Yiyngo e Ñalawma-Contrast Toowɗo: - E nder ñalawma, ɓoorno-ɗaa walla lelnaa **geɗel maa ɓurngel jalbude e nder laylaytol V-shape walla X-shape mawngol, teeŋtungol e kaaƴe e nder laylaytol ngol, ɓoorno-ɗaa daarorgal maande (walla ekran gilaas telefoŋ maa ina huutoroo ƴulɓe ɗiɗi to bannge ƴeewndo V-sighting Kilooji 1 haa 3 ina woɗɗi. - Jamma, ƴettu lampa maa e mode strobe toɗɗaaɗo dow e nder leɗɗe walla e nder laaɓal, woto meeɗ jalbude lampa daneewa toowka walla laser ɓaleejo to bannge jolngo elikopteer jamma, ko ɗum ɓuuɓnata gite piloteeɓe yiyooɓe jamma (NVGs). 3. Woto meeɗ meemde kaɓirgal ƴettugol elikopter haa ƴulɓe leydi static fiytoo diƴƴe: - Elikopteer wirnotooɗo ina maha 50 000 haa 200 000 volt kuuraa statik. So ɓe njippinii ma ɓuuɓri walla kaɓirgal hisnude, yo kaɓirgal njamndi ngal memo leydi ko adii ngam yaltinde jolngo statik hade maa nanngude ɗum e juuɗe maa.

Faandaare 4: Mekanik ƴettugol hoore mum (Nde aɗa foti ƴettude hoore maa tan)¶

So tawii aɗa jogii ɓuuɓri dartiindi walla ɓuuɓri tokosiri, alaa lampa satelit, alaa signal cellal, hay gooto anndaa laawol maa (no overdue callout time), ina gasa tawa aɗa foti yaltude hoore maa seeɗa seeɗa haa to laawol walla laawol: 1. Teknik "Cross-Cest walla Forearm Crutch" mo Pole ɗiɗi: - Juuttin jolɗe trekking ɗiɗi ɗee fof haa laabi coktirgal kisal ɓurɗi mawnude (130 to 140 cm / 51 to 55 inches). - Ɓoorno-ɗee sokla walla ganndo ɓuuɓɗo, tappirɗo dow kala jokkorgal jokkorgal. - Leɗɗe pole trekking ɗiɗi ɗee fof 30 santimeeteer (12 inch) yeeso e sahaa gooto, jolnu 60 haa 80 e nder teemedere teddeendi ɓanndu maa rewrude e juuɗe maa coktirgal e lats dow leppi ɗiɗi ɗii (e ɓeydu heen jolɗe juuɗe ɓutte no haanirta nii gila les), e jolnude e juuɗe maa ɗe ngalaa gaañannde, le-2d (10-innde) njuuteendi. 2. Butt-Scoot dow ("Yahdu karaŋ") ngam Talus e Ledges Ɓoornuɗi: - Crutching dow e dow loose scree walla haayre ɓuuɓnde e koyngal gootal ko noddaango ngam fadde e taƴde junngo maa walla femur maa. E dow kala jippagol ɓuuɓngol (> 15 degrees), jooɗo e dow wuttulo maa (ɓoorno-ɗaa paɗe toɓo walla ɓoorno-ɗaa taƴre ɓuuɓnde e paddorɗe ɓuuɓɗe e jooɗorde maa no paɗe nii ngam haɗde ɓuuɓri kaaƴe), jogo-ɗaa koyngal maa ɓuuɓngal toowngal seeɗa e yeeso maa, njahaa caggal/dow e huutoraade juuɗe maa ɗiɗi e taƴre maa moƴƴere.

Solo hiker backcountry ɓuuɓri taƴre ƴeewndo¶

• Waɗde Winnditaade 406 MHz PLB walla Nelaaɗo Satelit Laabi ɗiɗi Kuuɓtodinɗo Taƴaaɗo e Ɓoggi maa (Meeɗaa E nder Pack Ma): So a yanii e ŋoral, a seertii e pack maa, lampa nder pack maa waawaa hisnude ma.
• Accu Peeje Jaɓɓugol Binndi (Wait-Until / Panic Time) E Jokkondiral Hoolaare: Hawru e hoore laawol maa, limre oto maa, laawol laaɓngol, mbaydi laylaytol, ID laylaytol satelit, e waktu laaɓɗo mo ɓe poti noddirde Sheriff / Park Dispatch so tawii a ƴeewtaaki.
• Pack ko 35-Gram SAM Splint (walla Pad Sit Cellal Udditiiɗo), 1 Meter e Leukotape P, e Saak Bivy Emergency (SOL Escape Bivvy) on Every Day Hike: Yahooɓe ñalnde kala ina maaya e hipotermi jamma caggal nde ɓe ɓuuɓti koyngal ɓurngal heewde e yahooɓe jamma sabu yahooɓe ñalnde kala ngalaa saak ɗanngal walla pad.

Naamne keewɗe naamneede¶

Mbele miɗo foti feewnude koyngal ɓuuɓngal, ɓuuɓngal ɓuuɓngal e nder ladde so tawii ko miin tan?¶

E fawaade e jamirooje golle safaara Wilderness Medical Society (WMS), so tawii koppi ɓuuɓɗi walla ɓuuɓɗi ina ɓuuɓna no feewi, tawa koyngal ngal ina ɓuuɓi, ina ɓuuɓi, ina ɓuuɓi, ina ɓuuɓi, walla ina ɓuuɓna ɓalndu nduu ina ɓuuɓna ɓalndu nduu no feewi (skin tenting), aɗa foti reentaade ɗum ɗoon e ɗoon. So tawii ko ɓuri waktuuji 2 haa 4 ustaaka, ƴiiƴam ɗam ɓuuɓɗam walla ɓalndu nduu ɓuuɓndu, ina addana ɓalndu nduu nekrosis tissue mo waylataa, e majjude terɗe ko ɓooyi hade hisnude. Nanngu taƴre ndee e junngo wooto, koyngal yeesowal e junngo ngoɗngo, ƴettu ƴulɓe tiiɗɗe, doolnuɗe e dow ŋoral koyngal les ngal, e nofru, ardina koyngal ngal caggal feewde e nokku ɗo 90 degere woni ɗoo, hade maa uddude ɗum e nder ŋoral U-splint padded.

Mbele miɗo foti ittude paɗe am yah-ngartaa walla miɗo foti accude ɗe caggal nde ngañgu am e koyngal am e laawol ngol?¶

So tawii aɗa jogii ɓuuɓri seeɗa walla ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri (aɗa rewa e Kuule Ottawa Ankle ɗe ngalaa ɓuuɓri ƴiye e dow ŋoral ɓalndu caggal, aɗa waawi kadi jogaade teddeendi fotde 4) tawa aɗa yalta ɗoon e ɗoon e oto maa e nder waktuuji 1 haa 3, accu booto maa ina jolna, ina rokka ballal ɓuuɓngal tiiɗngal. Kono so tawii aɗa sikki ko ɓuuɓri, ɓuuɓri tiiɗndi, ɓuuɓri walla ɓuuɓri ɓuuɓri, walla aɗa joofna ngam faddaade waktuuji walla jamma ngam Search and Rescue, ittu bootoyel ngel no moƴƴi tawa aɗa wallitta taƴre ndee. Accude bootoyel tiiɗngel e dow koyngal ɓuuɓngal, ɓuuɓngal fotde waktuuji ina waɗa no turnique taƴoowo cirkulaasiyoŋ nii, ina ɓeyda ɓuuɓri e hipotermi, ina waawi kadi saabaade mboros biyeteeɗo « syndrome de compartiment ».

Hol ko waɗi mesaas am SOS satelit oo waasde neldude e nder canyon walla ladde, hol no feewnitir-mi ɗum ?¶

Nelooɓe satelitaaji laabi ɗiɗi (hono Garmin inReach walla Zoleo) e mbaadiiji SOS satelitaaji smartphone ina kuutoroo doole rajo L-band 1,6 GHz ɗe mbaawaa naatde e maale kaaƴe, ndiyam ɓanndu neɗɗo, walla ƴiye pine ɓuuɓɗe denndaaɗe. Ngam yaltinde mesaas, ƴettu meeteruuji 20 haa 30 e dow ŋoral kaaƴe gonngal dow ngal, e nder weeyo ɓurngo yaajde ngo woodi, toɗɗaa antena kaɓirgal ngal haa dow e nokku ɓurɗo yaajde e asamaan udditirɗo, ndartinaa ɓanndu maa e juuɗe maa e antena oo, accu kaɓirgal ngal ina darii fotde hojomaaji 15 haa 20. Sabu satelitaaji Iridium e Globalstar ina njaha e asamaan e nder Low Earth Orbit, satelit gooto maa taƴtu e dow ŋoral maa ɓuuɓngal e nder hojomaaji 15 haa 25, ƴetta bursi mette gonɗo e laylaytol ngol e hoore mum.

Hol no mbaɗatmi e ɓuuɓri tiiɗndi e huutoraade tan ko kaɓirɗe backpacking standard?¶

Huutoro U-Stirrup ("Sugar-Tong") Foam Pad Splint: ɓuuɓna taƴre 1-meeter e pad ɗanngal maa ɓuuɓngal (walla ɓuuɓna jaak ɓuuɓɗo e dow ɓalewol ɓalewol nder ɓalewol maa) e nder mbaadi U ndi dogata les yaasi ɓalewol maa e dow ŋoral maa, rewa e les ŋoral maa e nagge maa haa les koppi tan. Soklaaji soseeji gonɗi e nder ɓuuɓri gonndi caggal ƴiye maa Achilles e saraaji ƴiye koyɗe maa, caggal ɗuum ɓoorno-ɗaa wutteeji nay saraaji yaasi ɗii, tawa ina waɗi heen jokkere Natal-8 sara koyngal e koyngal maa ngal, ngal ɓuuɓnata koyngal maa e 90 degere ngam ngal waasa jippaade les.

Fuɗɗoode ƴeewtaama¶

• Fedde safaara ladde (WMS): Laabi gollorɗi kilinik ngam ballal nguurndam laddeeji, njuɓɓudi mboros e ɓalndu, ustude ladde e ɓuuɓri/ɓuuɓri gonndi e ɓuuɓri, e njuɓɓudi ɓuuɓri udditiindi.
• Duɗal wiɗto opitaal Ottawa (Stiell et al.): Kuule Ottawa ngam ƴettude kuule e nder safaara e nder ñawanɗe gonɗe e koyɗe e hakkunde koyɗe.
• Komisariyaa hakkunde leyɗeele ngam hisnude Alpine (ICAR / CISA-IKAR): Wasiyaaji Komiseer Cafrirde Hisnugol Koɗli ngam Ƴettugol Ɓoornugol Terɗe, Haɗde Hipotermi e Ñawɓe Ɓooyɓe (Wrap Package), e Kisal Hoist Elikopteer.
• Njuɓɓudi ngenndiwal ko fayti e geec e weeyo (NOAA / SARSAT), nokku toppitiiɗo hisnude konu weeyo Amerik (AFRCC), & Garmin hakkunde leyɗeele (IERCC): 406 MHz Kospas-Sarsat jokkorgal neɗɗo (PLB) e Fisik jolngo SOS satelit Iridium LEO.

Ardiiɓe jokkondirɓe¶

• Hipotermiya ladde, ɓuuɓri-ɓuuɓri, e ɓuuɓri
• Majjii e nder yah-ngartaa walla e nder kampaañ: STOP porotokol e signal
• Aksidaaji ƴeeŋtugol kaaƴe, ƴeeŋtugol kaaƴe, e ƴeeŋtugol dow koye
• Hunting darnde fall, aksidaa gunndo, e ƴiiƴam caggal leydi
• Limooje emergency e leydi