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Jaɓɓugol Token Joɗnde, Malware Infostealer, e Ɓoornugol Joɗnde Adunaare

Limɗe emergency ina ceerti e nder leydi. Ngolɗoo hello huutortoo ko 911, woni limoore wonande leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e Kanadaa. Leyɗe goɗɗe keewɗe ina kuutoroo 112, 999, walla limoore woɗnde. Yiytu limoore leydi maa.

Yiytude wonde ƴaañoowo yaltinii jooni fenaande kaalis kripto ummoraade e konte maa YouTube, Instagram, Discord, walla X, sosi kuule jokkondire e nder kees maa Gmail walla Microsoft 365, walla naati e konsol maa ruulde gollordu **tawa a meeɗaani softinde kodde 2FA e telefoŋ maa walla jeertinaango imeel "Naatgol Keso" /Hitakaja ko unsignature C (Pass-the-Kuki) ko Malware Infostealer saabii ɗum. So a naatii e lowre e ƴeewde "Keep me signed in", serveer oo yaltinat kuutorgal jokkorde HTTP sifirngal walla toɓɓere jogiinde OAuth (hono Google SID / SAPISID, ko Mikrosoft ESTSAUTHPERSISTENT, walla ko Discord Authorization token) mooftaa e nder lowre SQLite nokkuure feerorde maa web.

Iwdiiji malware wujjooɓe kabaruuji marsandiis, ina heen wujjoowo Lumma, RedLine, Vidar, Raccoon, wujjoowoC, RisePro, Rhadamanthys, e wujjoowo macOS atomik (AMOS), woto ɗaɓɓu e ordinateer maa no mborosaaji gaadanteeji nii. Heewi waylude ko wayi no mod pijirlooji fenaande, jokkorgal lowre ɓuuɓnde, jokkorgal CAPTCHA PowerShell "ClickFix" fenaande, walla PDF gollondiral ballitoowal, infostealer ina huutoroo e nder les leƴƴanɗe 4, ina ƴetta Chrome maa, Edge maa, Brave maa, walla Firefox maa Cookies be Login Data databases e nder memto, zip-ɗaa ɗum en e fiilde wallet kripto-kaalis desktop maa, neldu arsiif oo e serveer Telegram walla C2, muumta hoore mum. So ñaawoowo oo naatnii kuukiiji maa gujjaaɗi e nder feerorde anti-detect (Multilogin, Dolphin{anty}, walla Gologin), serveer web oo ina sikki jokkorgal ngal ko ordinateer maa mo nganndu-ɗaa ko kañum seedtii, ina rewi haa laaɓi e konngol maa e seedtinnde maa geɗe ɗiɗi.


Waɗde ɗum jooni

  1. WOPPI waylude konte maa e nder ordinateer mo ñawu nguu heɓtii, ɗoon e ɗoon seerndu oon PC walla Mac e Wi-Fi, ƴettu kaɓirgal mum Ethernet. Ko ɗum woni fenaande #1 nde ƴaañooɓe ɓee mbaɗata: ɓe teskiima Discord maɓɓe, Steam, walla Gmail maɓɓe ina njiytee, ɓe njooɗtoo e konngol gootol gonngol e ordinateer mo ñawu nguu heɓtii Chro.type passw So tawii infostealer persistence loader walla gollal teskinngal ina golloo haa jooni e oon masiŋ, maa ngal nanngu ɗoon e ɗoon konte maa kese e kuutorɗe joɗnde kese, nelda ɗe ɗoon e ɗoon to jokkorgal ngal. Waɗde 100 e nder teemedere waylude konngol maa e ustude jonnde ummoraade e telefoŋ cinndel laaɓɗo (e dow dokke celluka walla Wi-Fi laaɓɗo) walla laptop ceertuɗo mo memotaako.
  2. Faam wonde waylude konngol kuutorteengol tan WAƊATAA sahaa kala bonnude kuukiiji joɗnde wujjaaɗe walla toɓɓe kesɗitingol OAuth, aɗa foti ɓuɗɗude e laaɓal "Yaltu e joɗle ɗee kala" E ittude appliiji OAuth goɗɗi. E dow laylayti keewɗi (e Google's undocued MultiLogin / issueToken Toɓɓe joofnirɗe OAuth walla toɓɓe jokkondire juutɗe), waylude tan konngol maa walla waylude 2FA ina waawi accude toɓɓe jokkondire ɗiɗmere goodɗe ɗee walla toɓɓe biro OAuth ina nguuri so wonaa tawa aɗa huutoroo laabi Global Session & Token Revocation keertiiɗi e lowre ndee e nder alluwal les ngal.
  3. **So aɗa jogii lowre jokkere enɗam (MetaMask, Phantom, Rabby, jokkere enɗam hoolaare, jokkere enɗam Coinbase, Exodus, Electrum) gonnde e ordinateer gonɗo e mboros oo, huutoro telefoŋ laaɓɗo jooni jooni ngam ittude kaalis maa e lowre jokkere enɗam keso fiiluuji (Local Extension Settings\nkbihfbeogaeaoehlefnkodbefgpgknn ngam MetaMask) e sara konte kuutorteeɗe e feerorde maa. Hay so tawii ñaawoowo oo memotaako kripto maa tawo, fiilngo maa vault ina jooɗii tawo e luumo darknet ina fadi cracker GPU mo alaa e laylaytol. Huutoro men kripto-kaalis wallet drain e aawdi konngol kompromi ardoo ɗoon e ɗoon.
  4. Reento "Konte maa Apex Identity" (Imeel gadano, njuɓɓudi konngol, konte Apple/Google, e SSO fedde) e nder hojomaaji 10 gadani ɗii. E nder telefoŋ maa laaɓɗo, udditu maa gadano Google / Gmail (myaccount.google.com/device-activity) e Mikrosoft (mysignins.microsoft.com) konte ko adii. Yaltu denndaangal joɗle desktop, wirno konngol kuutorgol mawngol ngol, ƴeewto Cuɓe > Naatgol e POP/IMAP e Filteruuji/Kuule ngam momtude kala kuule naatgol imeel cuuɗiiɗe ɗe jokkorgal ngal sosi ngam suuɗde imeeluuji kuutortooɗi konngol kuutorteengol e sarwisaaji goɗɗi, ƴeewto Passkeys e Authenticator binnditaaɗi ɗii.
  5. Ƴeewto binndital maa Windows Run kuutorɗe, Jaɓɓoowo golle, e daartol PowerShell so tawii ko ɓooyaani koo a dogi yamiroore CAPTCHA fenaande "ClickFix" (Win + R -> Ctrl + V). Gooto e jokkorgal infostealer ɓurngal yaawde mawnude hannde ko jokkorgal Cloudflare walla Google CAPTCHA fenaande e hello web yamiroowo ma "Toɓɓu Win + R, toɓɓu Ctrl + V, e toɓɓude Enter ngam hoolkisaade ko a neɗɗo" (ko silki huutortoo suuɗnde mshta.exe walla powershell -w hidden -enc ... yamiroore koppiraande e alluwal maa).
  6. Reento yiyannde e reenaade kisal ɓanndu so tawii ŋakkeende ndee ina jokkondiri e njuɓɓudi gollordu walla njulaagu. Infostealer logs ina heewi udditde iimeeluuji otomaatik ransom walla sextortion ciftorɗi password maa wujjaaɗo. Hoto meeɗ yoɓde ƴattooɓe; ƴeew men sextortion e njulaagu e internet guide, kadi so a meeɗii dañde kulhuli ɓanndu, noddu limoore emergency nokku maa (911 to Amerik e Kanadaa, 112 e nder Dental Orop, 999 to Dental Dowlaaji Amerik, walla ƴeew men limooje caɗtuɗe regginorde).

Ko waɗi ƴeewndo Antivirus wiyde '0 Kuutoragol Tawaa' firtaani ko cookiiji maa ina kisal

Wujjooɓe kabaruuji jamaanu (hono wujjooɓe Lumma, wujjooɓe StealC, e wujjooɓe macOS Atomic) ina peewniree no "Smash-and-Grab" binnditagol juutngol nii. So udditaama, executable oo ina doga e memto fotde 2 haa 5 leƴƴannde, ina yaltina cookiiji SQLite feerorde maa, konte kuutorteeɗe, toɓɓe Discord, e kaalis kripto, POSTs gooto 3-megabyte .zip arsiif to serveer yamiroore-e-jokkondiral, e dogginde yamiroore momtugol hoore mum (del /f /q) momtata binndol malware ngol e diski maa. So a dogginii Windows Defender walla Malwarebytes waktu gooto caggal ɗuum, skanndeer oo ina hollita "0 Kuutoragol tawaama" sabu gujjo oo yaltii galle oo e kaɓirɗe maa. Aɗa foti jogaade kala kuuki e konngol kuutorteengol e nder feerorde maa e sahaa nde mbaɗ-ɗaa ndee, ko 100 e nder teemedere.


Infostealer & jonnde cookiiji ƴettugol kewu jaabawol lekki kuule

flowchart TD
    Root["Tuumaaɗo ƴaañde kuutorɗe joɗnde walla ƴaañde Infostealer"] --> IsolatePC["ƊATAL 1: Ɗoon e ɗoon, ƴettu PC/Mac gonɗo e ñawu nguu e Wi-Fi & Ethernet (WOTO Waylu Passwords e PC gonɗo e ñawu nguu)"]

    IsolatePC --> CryptoCheck{"Mbele won ko ɓeydi e kaalis kripto (MetaMask, Phantom, Exodus) e oon ordinateer?"}
    CryptoCheck -->|"Oho"| EvacCrypto["Huutoro Wallet Telefoŋ/Hardware Laaɓɗo Ɗoon e ɗoon ngam Sweep Denndaangal Jawdi Crypto e Konngol Aawdi Kesol"]
    CryptoCheck -->|"Kay"| ApexLock["ƊATAL 2: E nder Telefoŋ laaɓɗo, uddit Imeel gadano (Gmail, Outlook, Proton) Ko adii"]
    EvacCrypto --> ApexLock

    ApexLock --> GlobalRevoke["ƊATAL 3: Huutoro Joɗnde Adunaare + Token OAuth + Ɓooygol Password e nder Konte Teskinɗe ɗee kala (Ƴeew Matriks Platform Les)"]

    GlobalRevoke --> ExportList["ƊATAL 4: E nder PC mo alaa laylaytol, yaltin doggol denndaangal konte kuutorteeɗe e navigateur & Cookies ngam anndude hol konte ɗe ngujjaa"]

    ExportList --> CleanOS["ƊATAL 5: Resndo binndanɗe neɗɗo tan -> Waɗde OS laaɓtuɗo Wipe/Reinstall -> Winndito Passkeys & Softinde Sifirde Chrome App-Bound"]

Famde no Infostealers ƴaañirta 2FA e DPAPI / Sifirde Keychain

Hol no porogaraam 200 kiloobayt waawirta wujjude konte kuutorteeɗe e kuutorɗe jokkondire ɗe Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge e Brave cifotoo e diski maa ?

  1. DPAPI windooji (CryptUnprotectData) e Sifirde App Chrome (v20):
  2. E nder Windows, feerorɗe Chromium (Chrome, Edge, Brave, Opera, Vivaldi) ina moofta heen konte kuutorteeɗe maa keɓtinaaɗe %LOCALAPPDATA%\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Login Data e cookiiji session maa nder \Network\Cookies.
  3. Ɗeeɗoo lowre SQLite ina cifaa e jokkorgal mawngal AES-256-GCM mooftaangal e nder %LOCALAPPDATA%\Google\Chrome\User Data\Local State, mo API ngam reentaade dokke Windows (DPAPI) jokkondirɗo e konte kuutortooɗo Windows maa naatnuɗo.
  4. Sabu a dogi infostealer hono kuutortooɗo Windows maa naatɗo, kala gollal dognirgal les konte kuutortooɗo maa ina waawi noddirde daartol CryptUnprotectData() ngam naamnaade Windows yo ƴettu coktirgal ngal. Kadi ngam woppude Chrome 127+ Sifirde jokkondirnde e App (v20 sarwiis ascenseur), infostealers jamaanu ina njuppa to bannge hoore chrome.exe laawol debugging (--remote-debugging-port) walla huutoraade toowgol COM ngam naamnaade Chrome e hoore mum yo duppu denndaangal kuukiiji cifaaɗi e nguurndam.
  5. Kaɓirgal macOS e wujjoowo macOS atomik (AMOS / wujjoowo pose):
  6. E nder Apple macOS, wujjooɓe kabaruuji ina mbayloo no... .dmg ƴettugol (heewɓe naamnaade ma "Ɓoɗɗu -> Uddit" walla dogdu e Terminal ngam rewrude e Apple Gatekeeper) ina ƴetta kaɓirgol kaaldigal macOS native fenaande ina winndaa heen "Cuɓagol Siistem ina yiɗi heɓde kabaruuji maa sirlu: Naatnu konngol naatnugol Mac maa". So a winndii password login Mac maa e nder oon ɗoon ɗaɓɓaande, binndol ngol ina uddita -/Library/Keychains/login.keychain-db e ƴettude kuutorɗe Safari/Chrome, Teskorɗe Apple, e toɓɓe iCloud.
  7. Guugl MultiLogin / OAuthLogin Kuutoragol ƴellitgol token:
  8. Wiɗtooɓe kisal kollitii wonde infostealers ngujjataa tan ko cookiiji web kuutorteeɗi, ina njaltina kadi ko winndaaka oauth_token toɓɓe sarwiis ummoraade e Chrome Web Data (token_service tabalde) Fiilde SQLite. Hay caggal nde cokaaɗo wayli password mum Google laawol gootol, coktirgal ina waawi ko adii ɗuum rewrude e ko wujjaa koo token_service Toɓɓere OAuth feewde e nder Google OAuthLogin endpoint to mint keso ina selli SID kuukiiji feerorde so wonaa tawa kuutortooɗo oo yaltii e jonnde kaɓirgol Chrome bonnde ndee AND haɗii jokkondire kaɓirgol tataɓol/OAuth.

Ɗatal 1: Joɗnde Adunaare, Kuki, OAuth, e Matriks Ɓooygol Passkey

Huutoraade smartphone laaɓɗo walla ordinateer ɗiɗaɓo laaɓɗo, gollo les ndeeɗoo tabalde laaɓtunde gila dow haa les. Geɗe yamiroore: sahaa kala waɗ Ɗatal A (Yaltu denndaangal joɗle/kaɓirɗe kuutorteeɗe) e Ɗatal B (Waylu konngol kuutorteengol) e Ɗatal C (Ƴeewndo 2FA/Passkeys/OAuth/Forwarding) wondude, so tawii a waylii tan konngol kuutorteengol ngol tab ina heddii e naatde e ina waawi ndaarde ma walla ɓeydude feere reentaade rogue.

Plateau / Sarwiis URL laaɓtuɗo ngam joofnude kuukiiji joɗnde wujjaaɗo Ko waylude konngol tan ŋakki (taƴre ɓeydaande tiiɗnde ina ɗaɓɓi)
1. Guugl / Jiimeel / Yuutub myaccount.google.com/device-activity (Ɓoɗɗu kala jokkorde biro Windows/Mac/Linux -> Yaltu) 1. Yah to ** .myaccount.google.com/connections** e ittude jokkondire OAuth wonande kuutorɗe goɗɗe ɗe nganndaaka e Chrome Sync.
2. Yah to ** .myaccount.google.com/signinoptions/passkeys** e momtude kala Passkey walla Authenticator ɓeydaaɗo ko ɓooyaani.
3. Uddit Gmail e dow Desktop > Icon Gear > Ƴeew denndaangal dottaaɗe > Jokkondire e POP/IMAP & Filteruuji e Adresuuji ndartinaaɗi ngam momtude kuule jokkondire jokkorgal.
4. So aɗa jogii Kanel YouTube, ƴeewto YouTube Studio > Cuɓe > Jaɓɗe e ittu kala fenaande "Njuɓɓudi / Taƴoowo" Konte Marke iimeel mo ƴaañoowo noddi.
2. Microsoft (Yiyngo neɗɗo / Xbox e golle M365 / ID naatgol) Neɗɗo: account.live.com/proofs/Manage -> Ɓoɗɗu "Sign me out" (ina ƴetta haa 24h ngam toɓɓe kuutortooɗe; kadi ittu kaɓirɗe e account.microsoft.com/devices)
Golle/Duɗal: mysignins.microsoft.com/security-info -> Ɓoɗɗu "Yaltu e kala nokku"
1. Ƴeewtaade denndaangal Laabi naatnugol binndaaɗi e oon hello (jogorɓe winnditaade ɗoon e ɗoon app Authenticator mum en walla key FIDO2).
2. E nder Web Outlook (outlook.live.com > Cuɓe > Imeel > Kuule & Jokkondire), momtu kuule cuuɗiiɗe nawde imeeluuji to Archive/RSS.
3. Woppude jaɓgol app OAuth e account.live.com/consent/Manage.
3. Konte Apple (iCloud) account.apple.com -> Kaɓirɗe -> Suɓo joɗnde Mac walla Windows iCloud nde ñawu nguu heɓtii -> Ittu e konte Yah to Naatde e kisal > Resndo konte ngam hoolkisaade wonde alaa Jokkondiral resndo walla tonngoode telefoŋ hoolaare ɓeydaaka.
4. Discord (Ko ɓuri teeŋtude e kala wujjoowo kabaaru) Uddit Discord -> Cuɓe kuutortooɗo (Gear) > Kaɓirɗe > Yaltu e denndaangal kaɓirɗe anndaaɗe 1. Waylude password maa Discord ko huunde waɗɗiinde sabu ko kañum waylata password maa duumotooɗo e kriptogaraafi Authorization token jogiiɗo mooftaa e nder %APPDATA%\discord\Local Storage\leveldb.
2. Ƴeewto Cuɓe kuutortooɗo > Apps jaɓaaɗi e deauthorise denndaangal botuuji/apps.
3. Ƴeewto Faktirgol ngam hoolkisaade wonde ñaawoowo oo soodaani defte 9,99 dolaar Dokke Discord Nitro e huutoraade PayPal maa walla kartal maa jokkondirngal.
5. Aaludere (Valve) store.steampowered.com/twofactor/manage -> Ɓoɗɗu "Softinde denndaangal kaɓirɗe goɗɗe" 1. KRITIKAL: Yah to ** .steamcommunity.com/dev/apikey** e Woppude Ɓoggi API Web Steam maa. Fenaande ina sosa ɗoon e ɗoon jokkorgal Steam Web API duumotoongal e konte maa mbele hay so a waylii konngol maa e ustude kaɓirɗe, bot maɓɓe ina waawi jogaade e rewrude e njulaagu maa Counter-Strike / Dota 2 (Trade Offer Scam).
6. Meta (Instagram, Feesbuk, jokkorgal e jokkorgal jeeyngal) accountscenter.meta.com/password_and_security -> To naatir-ɗaa -> Suɓo denndaangal jonte ɗe nganndaaka -> Yaltu 1. Ƴeewto Centre de comptes > Details personnels > Info de contact ngam hoolkisaade wonde jokkorgal ngal ɓeydaaki iimeel burner ɗiɗaɓo walla tonngoode telefoŋ.
2. Ƴeewto njuɓɓudi Meta Ads (adsmanager.facebook.com): Ganguuji Infostealer ina njiɗi ƴettude kuukiiji Facebook ɓooyɗi ngam dogginde $5,000/ñalngu e nder yeeynooje fenaande njoɓaaɗe e PayPal maa walla kartal maa keɓtinaangal, walla ɓeydude koye mum en e Admin Portfolio Business (business.facebook.com/settings).
7. X (Twitter), Reddit, Linkeed e TikTok X: x.com/settings/sessions -> Yaltu e denndaangal jonɗe goɗɗe
Reddit: reddit.com/account-activity -> Yaltu e denndaangal jonɗe goɗɗe
Jokkondirɗo: linkedin.com/mypreferences/d/manage-active-sessions
Kadi ƴeewto Kuutorɗe jokkondirɗe / Kuutorɗe OAuth e nder X (x.com/settings/connected_apps) e Reddit ( ).reddit.com/prefs/apps) ngam ittude toɓɓe jolngo spam-bot otomaatik.
8. GitHub, GitLab, AWS, Cloudflare e kuutorɗe SSH (Ngam ƴellitooɓe e njuɓɓudi) GitHub: github.com/settings/sessions -> Woppude denndaangal joɗle web 1. Kuukiiji jonnde ina ŋakki e konte dev: Ƴeewto ɗoon e ɗoon github.com/settings/tokens (Tokenuuji keɓgol neɗɗo), github.com/settings/keys (Kuutorɗe SSH e GPG), e -/.aws/credentials e dow PC gonɗo e ñawu nguu (infostealers ina nannga laaɓtuɗo .aws/credentials, .ssh/id_rsa, .kube/config, .npmrc, e FiildeZilla sitemanager.xml fiiluuji).
9. Amason, PayPal, eBay e Bankeeji to Enternet Amason: amazon.com/gp/css/homepage.html -> Naatgol e Kisal + Njuɓɓudi Lowre maa e Kaɓirɗe maa (Winndito feerorɗe) Ƴeewto "Yamiroore arsiif" Amazon (amazon.com/gp/css/order-history?digitalOrders=1&unifiedOrders=0 -> Filter: Yamirooje Arsiwe), ƴaañooɓe ɓee coodata ko kaayitaaji dokke dijital e cookiiji Amazon wujjaaɗi ɗii, ɗoon e ɗoon ɓe ɓuuɓtoo "Yamiroore arsiwe" ngam soodde ndee suuɗa e hello maa "Yamiroore maa" no woorunoo.

Ɗatal 2: No nganndirtaa KALA konte peeñɗe e ordinateer maa gonɗo e ñawu nguu

Caggal nde coktir-ɗaa konte maa 10 ɓurɗe teeŋtude e telefoŋ maa laaɓɗo, aɗa fotnoo naamnaade naamnal kulɓiniingal: "Mi huutoriima oon ordinateer fotde duuɓi nay, hol no nganndir-mi hol e nder 250 lowre am jogiinde konte kuutorteeɗe walla kuukiiji kuutorteeɗi e nder Chrome/Edge nde infostealer dogi?"

So aɗa jogii ordinateer mo ñawu nguu heɓtii oo 100 e nder teemedere (Wi-Fi OFF, Ethernet unplugged), huɓɓu ɗum, yaltin limto maa laaɓtungo ko adii nde momtataa masiŋ oo:

  1. Yaltin doggol konte kuutorteeɗe e feerorde maa (CSV):
  2. Uddit feerorde maa tawa aɗa woni e laylaytol (chrome://password-manager/settings nder Krom, edge://wallet/settings e nder Edge, walla about:logins e nder Firefox) e ɓuɗɗude Yaltin konte kuutorteeɗe ngam hisnude Chrome Passwords.csv dow lowre USB laaɓnde.
  3. Ko waɗi ndee fiilngo ko kaŋŋe ngam moƴƴitinde ma: Infostealer wujjii ndee lowre laaɓtunde. Heɓɓugo Chrome Passwords.csv yeeso maa ina rokka ma doggol laaɓtungol kala innde kuutortooɗo lowre ndee e konngol kuutortooɗo ngol jokkorgal ngal jogii jooni, mbele a waasa waasde portal taksi ɓooyngal, konte kilooji diwooje, walla lowre coodgu jogiinde kaayitaaji njulaagu keɓtinaaɗi.
  4. Ƴeewto hol lowe jogiiɗe Kuukiiji Session kuutortooɗi (chrome://settings/content/all):
  5. E nder Chrome walla Edge (so aɗa woni e laylaytol), yah to chrome://settings/content/all (walla edge://settings/content/all) e renndinde Dowlaaji mooftaaɗi walla Ɓuri yilleede. Kala lowre nde ngon-ɗaa e naatde tawa a winndaani konngol ina waawi wujjude cookiiji jonnde, tee ina haani jonnde mum joofnee.
  6. Ƴeewto so tawii jokkorgal maa keeriiɗo (1Konngol, Bitwarden, KeePassXC) udditaama e sahaa gonɗo e ñawu nguu:
  7. So tawii 1Password maa, Bitwarden, walla KeePassXC maa SOƊAA nde infostealer dogi: Malware oo ina waawi tan nanngude kaɓirgal nokkuure sifirnde (data.json walla .kdbx), ko PBKDF2-SHA256 / Argon2id + Konngol maa Jaagorgal (e Kuutorgal Sirlu 34 alkulal e nder 1Konngol). So tawii Konngol maa mawngol ina tiiɗi, ko woni e nder lowre maa ina heddii e kisal, hay so tawii aɗa foti waylude Konngol maa mawngol ngam reentaade.
  8. So tawii ɓeydagol feerorde njuɓɓudi konngol maa SOƊAANI e nder ciimtol nde malware ndee dogi (walla so tawii a hisnii konngol kuutorgal maa mawngol e nder autofill Chrome mahaaɗo.): Tesko-ɗaa infostealer oo duppii vault maa walla nanngii konngol maa mawngol e nder vault maa, e rotate denndaangal critical vault maa.

Ɗatal 3: Hunde e momtude tiiɗnaare Infostealer hade mum momtude OS

Ko adii nde mbaɗtataa backup e dokimaaji maa keertiiɗi e waɗde reinstall OS laaɓɗo, aɗa waawi ƴeewtaade no infostealer naatiri e system maa e so tawii o jippinii loowdi ɗiɗmiri duumotoondi (hono Scheduled Task, Registry Run key, Fuɗɗoode .lnk jokkorgal, walla ɓeydaare Chrome bonnde):

1. Doggol ngolɗoo ƴeewndo tiiɗnaare PowerShell tawa alaa e laylaytol (Windows)

Uddit PowerShell (Admin) e ordinateer mo alaa jokkorgal, dognu ɗeeɗoo ƴeewndorɗe nay janngeteeɗe tan:

# 1. Check the Windows Run/RunOnce Registry Keys for user-level malware loaders in AppData/Temp:
Get-ItemProperty -Path "HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run",
                       "HKCU:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\RunOnce",
                       "HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

# 2. Check the Startup Folder for suspicious .lnk, .vbs, .bat, or .exe files:
Get-ChildItem -Path "$env:APPDATA\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\Startup",
                    "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\StartUp" -Force

# 3. List all Scheduled Tasks created or modified in the last 7 days calling PowerShell, cmd, mshta, or AppData:
Get-ScheduledTask | Where-Object { $_.State -ne "Disabled" } | ForEach-Object {
    $info = $_ | Get-ScheduledTaskInfo -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    foreach ($action in $_.Actions) {
        if ($action.Execute -match "powershell|cmd|mshta|wscript|cscript|rundll32|regsvr32|AppData|Temp|ProgramData") {
            [PSCustomObject]@{
                TaskName = $_.TaskName
                Execute  = $action.Execute
                Args     = $action.Arguments
                LastRun  = $info.LastRunTime
            }
        }
    }
} | Format-Table -AutoSize

# 4. Check Windows Defender Exclusions (Infostealers immediately add C:\ or AppData to Defender Exclusions.):
Get-MpPreference | Select-Object -ExpandProperty ExclusionPath
Get-MpPreference | Select-Object -ExpandProperty ExclusionProcess
- Waɗde hakkille teeŋtuɗo e Ƴeewndo #4 (Get-MpPreference): Fotde kala wujjoowo humpito PowerShell/ClickFix jamaanu ina doga Add-MpPreference -ExclusionPath "C:\" walla ina yaltina %APPDATA% be .exe fiiluuji ɗii noon Microsoft Defender wonta wumre haa laaɓa cer e doggol lowre ndee. Ittu kala ko Defender yaltini ko yamiraaka ɗoon e ɗoon e:
Get-MpPreference | Select-Object -ExpandProperty ExclusionPath | ForEach-Object { Remove-MpPreference -ExclusionPath $_ }

2. Ko waɗi OS laaɓɗo (rewrude e Media USB) ina wasiyee Caggal Infostealer

So tawii ko dogdu Microsoft Defender Offline Scan e Malwarebytes caggal nde laɓɓinaa Defender yaltugol ina itta jolngooji anndaaɗi, wujjooɓe kabaruuji marsandiis ina keewi jokkondirde e jokkorgal ɗiɗaɓal lowre maa Windows e waylude kala adrees kaalis Bitcoin/Ethereum koppiraaɗo e adrees hacker oo). - So a ƴettii binndanɗe maa keertiiɗe, fotooje maa, e... Chrome Passwords.csv e nder PC mo alaa jokkorgal, waɗ Windows 11 USB Reinstall (walla macOS Mumtu denndaangal loowdi e kuutorɗe) laaɓɗo rewrude e men malware, ransomware, e lowre njiylawu.

3. Ƴeewtaade Siistemaaji macOS e Linux ngam ƴeewde geɗe Infostealer (Atomic macOS Stealer / AMOS, Poseidon, e Yaajde Feerorde Bonnde)

So tawii masiŋ maa gonɗo e ñawu nguu ko Apple MacBook/iMac walla nokku gollorɗo ƴellitoowo Linux wonaa ordinateer Windows, dognu ɗeeɗoo ƴeewndorɗe terminal ɗe ngonaa e laylaytol ngam yiytude e ittude jokkondire :

# On Apple macOS:
# 1. Check for unauthorized LaunchAgents and LaunchDaemons dropped by AMOS / Poseidon Stealer:
ls -la ~/Library/LaunchAgents /Library/LaunchAgents /Library/LaunchDaemons

# 2. Check for hidden staging folders in /tmp or /var/folders created by AppleScript / osascript stealers:
find /tmp /var/folders -iname "*out.zip*" -o -iname "*passwords.txt*" -o -iname "*cookies*" 2>/dev/null

# 3. Inspect installed Chrome / Brave / Edge Extensions for rogue manifest permissions ('cookies', 'webRequest', '<all_urls>'):
grep -rn '"permissions"' ~/Library/Application\ Support/Google/Chrome/Default/Extensions/ 2>/dev/null

4. Jokkondire njuɓɓudi gollordu e ruulde (ID Microsoft Entra, Okta, nokku gollorɗo Google, e AWS IAM)

So tawii ordinateer mo infostealer heɓi oo jeyaa ko e innde injenieer lowre, walla gardiiɗo DevOps, walla golloowo e nder fedde jogiinde jokkondire kuuɓtodinɗe e nder Microsoft Entra ID (Azure AD), Okta, Google Workspace, AWS, walla Cloudflare, laɓɓingol kaɓirɗe nokkuuje ko feccere hare tan. Huutoro ɗeen mbayliigu regginorde ruulde ɗoon e ɗoon:

  • ID naatgol Mikrosoft (Revoke-MgUserSignInSession): Ɓoɗɗude "Yaltu" e nder feerorde wootere, haɗataa sahaa kala Tokenuuji Kesɗitingol Aranndewol (PRTs) walla Azure CLI (az login / .azure/msal_token_cache.bin) toɓɓe koppiraaɗe e disko. Njuɓɓudi Entra ina foti dogaade Revoke-MgUserSignInSession -UserId user@company.com e nder Microsoft Graaf PowerShell ngam ustude kuutortooɗo oo signInSessionsValidFromDateTime sifaade e bonnude denndaangal Toɓɓe Refresh e nder denndaangal toɓɓe joofnirɗe e sahaa gooto.
  • AWS CLI & Rogere Token ƴellitoowo (-/.aws/credentials, -/.npmrc, -/.pypirc, -/.kube/config): Infostealers marsandiis ina ƴeewtoo kala regginorde galle kuutortooɗo ngam .aws/credentials, .ssh/id_ed25519, .gitconfig, .env, e piille kuutorteeɗe Docker/Kubernetes. Ɗoon e ɗoon, softin e wirno denndaangal AWS IAM Access Keys (AKIA...) e nder Konsol AWS, ittu Tokenuuji keɓgol neɗɗo GitHub (ghp_...), e momtude kuutorɗe renndo SSH peeñɗe e serweeji peewnugol (-/.ssh/authorized_keys).
  • Mesaas birooji & Purge token kliyan VPN (Biro Telegram tdata, Signal, Slack, OpenVPN, WireGuard): Ko ɓuri heewde e feerorɗe web, mooɓre infostealer ina ƴetta teeŋti e... %APPDATA%\Telegram Desktop\tdata regginorde (ko addanta ƴaañoowo huutoraade konte maa Telegram fof e ordinateer mum tawa alaa kode SMS), %APPDATA%\Slack\storage, e hisnude UdditVPN (.ovpn) / Gardiiɗo Wire (.conf) porofaayiiluuji VPN gollorɗe. Uddit Telegram e telefoŋ maa (Cuɓe > Kaɓirɗe -> Joofnu denndaangal joɗle goɗɗe), yaltu denndaangal nokkuuji golle Slack (slack.com/account/settings -> Yaltu denndaangal jonte goɗɗe), naamndo-ɗaa gardiiɗo lowre maa yo woppu e yaltin seedantaagal kiliyan VPN maa gollorde.

Haɗde: No mbaɗata feerorde maa e konte maa ngam haɓaade Infostealers

So tawii system maa laaɓii, konte maa keɓaama, huutoro ɗeeɗoo defte joy mbele infostealer waasa meeɗde hijjude nguurndam maa dijital kadi:

  • WOTO MEƊƊU mooftude konte nder njuɓɓudi konte mahaaɗo e feerorde maa web (Chrome / Edge / Brave / Firefox Autofill) tawa aɗa jogii kuutorgal Hardware/Master Key: Kala wujjoowo kabaaru marsandiis e dow Leydi ina fawii e Chrome Login Data Tabalde SQLite ko adii. Softina OFF "Offer ngam hisnude konte" e nder chrome://password-manager/settings e mooftude konte maa e nder njuɓɓudi konte keeriiɗo, mo ganndal mum alaa (1Konte, Bitwarden, Proton Pass, walla KeePassXC) kuutorteeɗo ngam Auto-Lock ɗoon e ɗoon so system oo udditii walla caggal hojomaaji 5 waktuuji ɗi ngalaa golle.
  • Softin "Kaɓirɗe joɗnde jokkondirɗe e kaɓirgol (DBSC)" & "Sifirde jokkondirnde e kuutorɗe" e nder Chrome 127+: Yenane Google Chrome walla Edge ina kesɗitinaa e mbaydi cakkitiindi, ina sosee e nder regginorde njuɓɓudi (C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application) noon ko... GoogleChromeElevationService ina waawi jokkondirde sifirde kuukiiji e toɓɓe martabaaji sisteem e kuutorɗe kaɓirɗe TPM rewrude e Kaɓirɗe jokkondire jokkondirɗe e kaɓirɗe (DBSC).
  • Softinde kaɓirgol Windows (Win + R) walla mshta.exe ngam haɗde "ClickFix" Ñawanɗe CAPTCHA fenaande: Hoto meeɗ toɓɓude Win + R -> Ctrl + V -> Enter so lowre CAPTCHA, ekran Cloudflare fenaande, walla "Fix Microphone / Fix Font" ina naamnoo ma yo a jokku yamiroore e nder kaɓirgol maa Run walla Terminal, hay lowre laawɗunde e Leydi meeɗaa hoolkisaade neɗɗaagu e naamnaade ma yo a jokku kode e nder mum Win + R walla Terminaal macOS.
  • Kuutoro kuutorɗe kisal kaɓirɗe (YubiKey) walla kuutorɗe kuutorteeɗe + Ɗaɓɓu hoolkisaade kadi ngam golle teskinɗe: So tawii kuutorɗe joɗnde wujjaaɗe ɗee ina njaltina ɗaɓɓaande naatgol adannde, lowe mawɗe (Google, GitHub, Cloudflare, AWS, Coinbase) enforce ina ɗaɓɓi tappirde FIDO2 YubiKey ɓanndu walla ƴeewndo biometrik Passkey hade maa accude kala jogiiɗo kuutorɗe jonnde ngam waylude konngol maa, yaltinde dokke, walla ɓeydude adrees ƴettugol.
  • Ƴeewto so tawii imeel maa walla doggol wujjooɓe feeñii e lowre ƴeewndo Darknet: Yillo haveibeenpwned.com (ko jooni hollirta miliyoŋaaji adreesuuji imeel gonɗi e doggol wujjooɓe e domenaaji bonɗi) e softinde humpitooji ŋakkeende darknet tawa njoɓataa ngam adreesuuji imeel maa.
  • Seerndu ƴettugol ngol hoolaaki, mods pijirlooji, e binndanɗe goɗɗe nder Masiŋ Virtual walla Windows Sandbox: Woto meeɗ dogde tawa hoolkisaaka .exe, .msi, .dmg, .bat, walla Piton pip / Nokku npm binndanɗe caggal udditgol to bannge njuɓɓudi gollordu jaɓɓotooɗo jogorɗo jogaade jokkondire feerorde web maa seedtinaaɗe e naatgol kaalis. Softin Windows Sandbox (mahaaɗo e Windows 10/11 Pro e Enterprise rewrude e Softin walla softin kuutorɗe Windows > Windows Sandbox) walla huutoro masiŋ wirtotooɗo keeriiɗo mo alaa kuukiiji feerorde keɓtinaaɗi so ƴeewndoto-ɗaa kuutorɗe goɗɗe.

Naamne keewɗe naamneede

How could someone post crypto scam links on my Instagram, Discord, or YouTube account when I have Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) with Google Authenticator turned on and never got a login alert?

Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) only guards the **front door (the `/login` screen)**. Once you type your password and 6-digit 2FA code on Monday morning, the website hands your web browser a **Session Cookie** so you don't have to re-type your 2FA code every time you click a new page on Tuesday or Wednesday. When an infostealer malware program ran on your PC, it copied that already-authenticated Session Cookie straight out of your browser's `Cookies` database and uploaded it to the attacker. When the attacker injected your cookie into their browser, Instagram/Discord/YouTube saw your valid session token and let them right in without ever showing them the login screen or asking for a 2FA code.

I changed my Gmail/Discord/Instagram password right after noticing the hack, so how did the hacker post AGAIN two hours later?

That happens for one of two reasons: First, if you typed your new password **on the same infected computer** before wiping the malware, the infostealer (or a bundled keylogger/persistence task) simply stole your new password and new session cookie all over again. Second, on platforms like Google, Microsoft, or Facebook, if the attacker used their first 5 minutes inside your account to **register their own hidden Passkey, Authenticator app, OAuth third-party app, or secondary recovery email**, or if you changed your password without clicking **"Sign out of all devices/sessions"**, their backdoor token remained active. Always change passwords from a **separate clean phone**, click **Sign out everywhere**, and delete any unfamiliar Passkeys, 2FA devices, or OAuth apps.

Can an infostealer steal my Hardware Passkeys (YubiKey) or iPhone/Windows Hello Passkeys?

No, an infostealer **cannot export the cryptographic private key of a Passkey** stored inside a hardware FIDO2 security key (like a YubiKey), an Apple Secure Enclave, an Android Titan M2 chip, or a Windows Hello TPM 2.0 chip, because those private keys live inside isolated silicon and are mathematically non-exportable. **However**, while the infostealer cannot steal the Passkey itself, it *can* still steal the **active HTTP session cookie** from your browser *after* you used your Passkey to log into a website, or steal a Passkey stored inside an *unlocked* software password manager extension. That is why Google, Microsoft, and the W3C developed **Device-Bound Session Credentials (DBSC)**, which cryptographically bind browser session cookies to your computer's TPM chip so stolen cookies stop working on a hacker's computer.

I received a terrifying email quoting my real old password at the top and showing a screenshot of my actual Windows desktop, the sender says they recorded me through my webcam and want $1,500 in Bitcoin. Is it real?

The **screenshot of your desktop and your password ARE real** because every commodity infostealer (`RedLine`, `Lumma`, `Vidar`) is programmed to take **one single static screenshot (`screenshot.jpg`) of whatever was on your monitor at the exact second the malware ran** and bundle it inside the `.zip` log file alongside your stolen browser passwords. Years or months later, bulk extortion spammers buy millions of old stealer logs for pennies and run an automated script that emails you that single screenshot and your password, lying that they "recorded you on your webcam." **There is no webcam video, they only have that one static screenshot taken the second the stealer ran.** Never pay them a cent; follow our [sextortion and online blackmail](../digital-and-tech/sextortion-and-online-blackmail.md) guide and clean your PC.


Ardiiɓe jokkondirɓe


Fuɗɗoode ƴeewtaama

  • Fedde toppitiinde ko fayti e kisal e nder internet (CISA) & FBI (Dowlaaji Dentuɗi Amerik) : Wasiyaaji jokkondire ngam kisal nder internet ko faati e lowre wujjooɓe (LummaC2, RedLine, Rhadamanthys) e ustude gujjugol toɓɓe/joɗnde (CSAE24 / MITRE ATT&CK Webs1539: Kuuki jonnde).
  • Duɗal ngenndiwal toppitiingal tolnooji e karallaagal (NIST) (Dowlaaji Dentuɗi Amerik): NIST SP 800-63B: Laabi njiylawu dijital: Njuɓɓudi jonnde, hoolkiso, e jokkondire token.
  • Fedde winndereyankoore Web (W3C) & Arsitektuur kisal Google Chromium: Ceerno joɗnde jokkondirnde e kaɓirɗe (DBSC) e Sifirde jokkondirnde e App Chrome (v20 Toowgol DPAPI) Binndanɗe karallaagal.
  • Nokku ngenndiijo kisal siber (NCSC) (Royaume-Uni): Ustugol malware, Infostealers, e Hijacking Session e nder nokkuuji gollorɗe e njulaagu.
  • Uddit Eɓɓoore Kisal Kuutorɗe Aduna (OWASP): Lefol fenaande njuɓɓudi jonnde & OAuth 2.0 Token (RFC 7009) Standard.