Stump Grinder, Trencher Chain, ne Directional Drill Strike: Operator Presence Bar ne Anamɔn-Tumi Ahobammɔ¶

Nantew-akyi digging trenchers, high-speed carbide stump grinders, ne Horizontal Directional Drills (HDD) yɛ mfiri abiɛsa a ɛnyɛ bɔne fafiri sen biara wɔ asase ho nhyehyɛe, utility adansi, ne ofie wuranom nnwinnade a wɔde haya mu. Trencher a ɔnam akyi a ɔtutu boom no de dade nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛda adi a wɔde tungsten-carbide alligator sẽ ahyɛ mu ma mita 120 kosi 210 simma biara (anammɔn 400 kosi 700 simma biara) bere a ɛtwe afiri no kɔ akyi kɔ nea ɔde di dwuma no nkyɛn no stump grinder twitwa dade a ɛyɛ den a wɔde twa ntwahonan a emu duru yɛ kilogram 40 kosi 90** twa 1,000 kosi 2,000 wɔ simma biara mu (ahoɔhare a ɛwɔ rim no so yɛ 110 kosi 180 km/h / 70 kosi 110 mph); na Horizontal Directional Drill pia conductive steel drill stem mita ɔhaha pii anifuraefo wɔ asase ase baabi a drill bit no betumi atutu 13,800-volt kosi 34,500-volt asase ase anyinam ahoɔden nhama titiriw a wɔanhyɛ da ayɛ ho mfonini anaa abɔde mu mframa titiriw a ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse a ɛbɔ ho ban fi rig no ho. Wɔ OSHA, NIOSH, ne UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE) owu ho nhwehwɛmu nyinaa mu no, huammɔdi akwan abien a ɛyɛ hu san ba bio: **adwumayɛfo a wɔde zip-tie, bungee hama, waya, anaa duct tape kyekyere Operator Presence Control ("deadman lever") a spring-loaded wom no ** enti nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde tutu anaasɛ cutter wheel no kɔ so di akɔneaba bere a wogyae no handlebars, ne HDD adwumayɛfo a wɔrefi drill rig a ahoɔden wom so anaasɛ wɔrefi wɔn equipotential grounding mat so akɔ asase a ɛyɛ nsu so bere a asase ase anyinam ahoɔden nhama rebɔ.

Sɛ obi de ne ho hyɛ trencher chain mu anaasɛ stump grinder wheel bɔ no, anaasɛ directional drill bɔ anyinam ahoɔden anaa gas adwumayɛbea a wɔasie a, frɛ wo mpɔtam hɔ ntɛm ara nɔma ahorow a egye ntɛmpɛ (911 wɔ United States ne Canada, 999 wɔ United Kingdom, 112 wɔ Europa Aman Nkabom no nyinaa mu, ne 000 wɔ Australia) na wodi anyinam ahoɔden anammɔn-tumi ne ntini mu mogyatɔw ho mmara a emu yɛ den akyi. Ɛsɛ sɛ wosan hwɛ yɛn akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa excavator anaa backhoe a ɛbɔ gas line a ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse a wɔasie anaa asase ase primary cable, . nnua chipper snag, hama a ɛkyekyere, ne feed chute ahobammɔ bar triage, na mogya a ɛtɔ kɛse ne tourniquet a wɔde gu so.

Yɛ eyi mprempren¶

Ɛgyina sɛ ebia worehyia mfiri a ɛbɛkyere/abɔ (trencher anaa stump grinder) anaasɛ asase ase utility strike wɔ Horizontal Directional Drill (HDD) so:

1. MMFA Nkyekyere Fam, Teyp, Wedge, anaa Bypass Operator Presence ("Deadman") Lever a ɛwɔ Trencher anaa Stump Grinder so DA:
2. Wɔde Operator Presence Control (OPC) bar a spring-loaded ahyɛ trenchers ne stump grinders a ɛwɔ handlebar no so a ɛma hydraulic drive anaa electromagnetic clutch no mu ntɛm ara na ɛbɔ cutter wheel/digging chain no breki wɔ sekan 1 kosi 3 mu bere a operator no nsa fi grip no mu no.
3. Sɛ obi a ɔde di dwuma de zip-tie, waya, anaa bungee hama kyekyere saa lever no kɔ fam de tew nsa brɛ so anaasɛ ɔnantew kɔ n’anim de bɔ efĩ fi amena no mu a, ntini biako a ahintaw anaa ɔbotan a wɔde bɔ afiri no bɛbɔ afiri no akɔ akyi wɔ wɔn nan so, akyere wɔn bootlace anaa pant cuff wɔ nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde tutu fam a ɛyɛ mita 200 simma biara no mu, na atwe wɔn nipadua nyinaa akɔ boom no mu denam obiara ntumi nkɔ nsateaa so.
4. Sɛ Obi Hyehyɛ Trencher Chain mu anaasɛ Stump Grinder Bɔ no a, Kum Engine no na Yɛ Full Lockout ANSA NA Wobɛka Boom no:
5. Bɔ Emergency Stop button kɔkɔɔ no, dane ignition key no kɔ OFF, anaa to fuel shutoff valve no mu / twe spark plug boot no fi engine cylinder no so ntɛm ara.
6. Mmɔ mmɔden da sɛ wobɛdan hydraulic trencher chain bere a ɔhonam akwaa bi akɔhyɛ mu: sɛ wodan sẽ a ɛretu no a, ɛtetew dompe a abubu, ntini, ne ntini a ɛyɛ mmerɛw no ne mprenu so. Gyae nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no ma ɛntra hɔ, gyaw tourniquet biara wɔ nea ɛwɔ hɔ, na twɛn ma ogya-gye hydraulic spreaders ne plasma/rotary saws no bue nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no nhama a ɛtwa ɔhonam akwaa no ho hyia no mu anaa twitwa.
7. Fa CoTCCC Windlass Tourniquet "High and Tight" di dwuma wɔ Second 60 mu ma Major Limb Trauma:
8. Trencher nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn ne stump grinder carbide sẽ ma ahoɔden kɛse avulsive maceration ne open comminuted fractures a asase ne nnua a wɔayam no ayɛ fĩ.
9. Sɛ ntini mu mogya kɔkɔɔ a ɛhyerɛn retu anaasɛ ɛreboaboa ntɛmntɛm afi nan anaa basa a abubu mu a, fa aguadi mframa tourniquet (CAT anaa SOFTT-W) sentimita 5 kosi 8 (nsateakwaa 2 kosi 3) wɔ kuru no atifi (anaasɛ "High and Tight" wɔ asen anaa abasa no atifi pɛɛ sɛ kuru no trɛw kotodwe/asen no so a), kyinkyim windlass poma no kosi sɛ mogya a ɛretu wɔ akyirikyiri no nyinaa begyae koraa, tow clip no mu, na kyerɛw bere pɔtee a wode bɛhyɛ ahama no so.
10. Sɛ Horizontal Directional Drill (HDD) Bɔ anyinam ahoɔden Nhama a Ɛwɔ Asase ase a, DI ANAMMƆN-BƐTUMI MMRA NO SO:
11. Sɛ wo ne Drill Operator a wote rig no so anaasɛ wogyina Equipotential Grounding Mat so: STAY PUT. Bere tenten a wo nan abien no nyinaa tra dade rig platform no so koraa anaasɛ wɔ bonded metallic grounding mat no so koraa no, wo nsa ne wo nan wɔ voltage potential koro no ara pɛpɛɛpɛ (zero volts nsonsonoe wɔ wo nipadua no nyinaa mu). MMFA wo nan biako nkɔ rig/mat no so na fa wo nan biako nsi dɔte so ("Touch Potential"), a ɛde 13,800 volts fa wo koma mu tẽẽ da.
12. Sɛ woyɛ Walkover Locator Operator anaa Mud-Mix Crew a wogyina fam: Sɛ strike alarm no bɔ, asase no yɛ hisses/steams, anaasɛ wo boots tingle a, **ntɛm ara fa wo locator wand no to fam a worenkotow sɛ wode wo nsa bɛka fam, klik wo nan ase denneennen, na bunny-hop (a wo nan abien no nyinaa si fam ntɛm ara pɛpɛɛpɛ) anaa fa nneɛma nketenkete a ɛtwetwe fi nan ase kosi nan ase (a ɛnma nan biako so da) frafra anyɛ yiye koraa no mita 15 kosi 30 (anammɔn 50 kosi 100) fi drill rig, bore kwan, ne amoa a wofi mu no ho.
13. Sɛ Trencher anaa Directional Drill Bɔ Natural Gas Line a, Kum Ignition Source Biara na Tu Upwind Ntɛm ara:
14. Sɛ wote gas a ɛreguan dede, wuhu efĩ anaa atɛkyɛ a wɔde tu fam a ɛrebɔ akɔ soro afi amena anaa amena a wɔde hyɛn mu no mu, anaasɛ wote mercaptan (nkwaa a aporɔw) hua a: dum afiri no engine ntɛm ara sɛ wowɔ controls no so dedaw a (MMFA nsan nkɔ gas mununkum mu nkɔdum engine bi), gyae nnwinnade nyinaa, mfa fon anaa safe a wɔde hyɛ mu nni dwuma wɔ vapor zone no mu, na tu obiara fi hɔ anyɛ yiye koraa no mita 100 kosi 300 (anammɔn 330 kosi 1,000) wɔ mframa a ɛkɔ soro ansa na woafrɛ 911 / 999 / 112 / 000 ne gas utility ntɛmpɛ dispatch.
15. Hwɛ yiye wɔ Carbide sẽ a wɔtow a ɛyɛ ahoɔhare kɛse ne abo a efi Stump Grinders mu:
16. Stump grinder cutter wheel a ɛbɔ dade ban spike a wɔasie, birikisi a wɔde siesie asase, anaa granite cobble a wɔde asie nnua ntini mu no betumi atwitwa 150-gram (5-ounce) tungsten-carbide sẽ na ɛtow no 160 km/h (100 mph) te sɛ tuo slug a ɛkɔ 50 mita (165 feet). Ma wɔn a wɔrehwɛ, mmofra, ne kar akwan nyinaa anyɛ yiye koraa no, wɔnkɔ mita 25 kosi 50 (anammɔn 80 kosi 165) wɔ plywood a ɛpae kyɛm a ɛyɛ den akyi, na nnyina tẽẽ wɔ cutter wheel no vertical rotational plane no mu da.

Gyinaesi dua: trencher/stump-grinder entanglement vs. HDD utility strike nkwagye¶

flowchart TD
    Start["ASASE ASE MU TRENCHING, STUMP GRINDING, ANAA HDD NHYEHYƐEƐ"] --> IncidentType{"Ahobammɔ a egye ntɛmpɛ bɛn na ɛrekɔ so?"}

    IncidentType -->|Mechanical Entanglement or Thrown-Object Trauma - (Walk-Behind Trencher Chain or Stump Grinder Wheel)| MechKill["1. KILL ENGINE & LOCK OUT IMMEDIATELY - • Gyae Operator Presence Bar / bɔ E-Stop / dan safoa OFF - • Twe spark plug waya anaa to fuel valve mu - • MMFA trencher nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a n’akwaa bi akɔhyɛ mu no akyi DA"]

    MechKill --> BleedTriage["2. HEMORRHAGE & AMPUTATION TRIAGE - • Call 911 / 999 / 112 / 000 immediately (request Heavy Rescue) - • Apply CoTCCC Windlass Tourniquet HIGH & TIGHT above bleed - • If body part amputated: wrap in damp sterile gauze, seal in -   plastic bag, and place bag on nsukyenee-nsu a wɔde afra (nsukyenee nni hɔ tẽẽ) ."]

    IncidentType -->|Horizontal Directional Drill (HDD) or Trencher - Strikes Underground ELECTRIC Primary Cable| ElecRule["1. ZERO CONTACT & STEP-POTENTIAL ESCAPE - • Drill Operator wɔ Rig/Grounding Mat so: TENA NTƐM wɔ platform/mat so; - MMFA wo nsa nka rig ne asase a ɛda hɔ kwa bere koro mu DA - • Ground Crew / Locator: Drop wand; BUNNY-HOP a ne nan mmienu nyinaa - a wɔaka abom denneennen 15-30 m (50-100 ft) akyirikyiri firi rig & bore kwan so - • Twɛn ma Electric Utility nsi so dua sɛ line no de-energized & grounded"]

    IncidentType -->|Horizontal Directional Drill (HDD) or Trencher - Strikes Underground NATURAL GAS or Petroleum Line| GasRule["1. IGNITION CUTOFF & UPWIND EVACUATION - • Hyɛ no nsow: Gas tumi san fa annular bore kwan no so - tẽẽ kɔ HDD amoa no mu NA ɛkɔ ofie ase a ɛbɛn hɔ mu - • Gyae nnwinnade; MMFA switch/telefon a ɛwɔ gas plume mu nni dwuma - • Tu fi 100-300 m (330-1,000 ft) UPWIND & frɛ 911 ntɛm ara"]

Deep dive 1: Nantew-akyi trencher ne stump grinder kinematics ne adwenemhaw hwɛ¶

Afiewuranom ne wɔn a wɔyɛ asase ho adwumayɛfo taa fa trenchers a wɔde nantew akyi (ma nhama a wɔde petepete nneɛma so anaasɛ gyaade kanea a ahoɔden sua) ne stump grinders a wɔde nantew akyi anaa wɔtwe akyi a ennu simma 5 a wɔde kyerɛ baabi a wɔde kar sisi. Sɛ yɛte mfiri abien no nyinaa mfiridwuma mu ahoɔden pɔtee ase a, esiw mfomso a edi awu ano:

1. Walk-Behind Trencher Asiane ne Adwumayɛ ho Mmara a Ahobammɔ¶

1. Spoil-Pile Slip-na-Ahwease Afiri:
2. Bere a trencher nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no tutu dɔte no, headshaft spoil auger a ɛkyinkyini no boaboa efĩ a ɛyɛ hare na ɛyɛ hwerɛma ano wɔ bepɔw bi a ɛso yɛ toro so tẽẽ wɔ amena a ɛbue no ano.
3. Adwumayɛfo a wɔnantew saa asade a ɛyɛ hare no atifi - anaasɛ wɔnantew akyi a wɔnhwɛ wɔn nan akyi - taa hwe ase kɔ tokuru bi mu anaasɛ wɔtwe wɔn ho sian mfutuma a ɛho ayɛ hare no so tẽẽ kɔ auger a ɛretwitwa ne nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde tutu no mu.
4. Mmara: Fa wo nsa abien nyinaa si nsa abien no so denneennen bere nyinaa (baabi a wode wo si dwoodwoo wɔ propulsion wheels ne operator shield akyi), yi wo akyi nantew kwan no fi abotan, hoses, ne amena ansa na woafi ase atwa amena no, na ntiatia amena a wɔabue mu da anaasɛ nnyina baabi a ɛbɛn headshaft auger bere a engine no reyɛ adwuma.
5. Trencher Kickback ne Boom Bounce: Ɔde ne nsa kyerɛɛ ne so.
6. Bere nyinaa fa digging boom no si fam brɛoo bere a nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no redi akɔneaba wɔ full throttle ansa na wode wo ho ahyɛ akyi fam-drive ntwahonan no mu.
7. Ma boom a wotutu no nkɔ so nyɛ digrii 45 kosi 60 sen sɛ wobɛkɔ so agyina hɔ tẽẽ (digrii 90); boom a ɛda hɔ gyina hɔ ma nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn mu nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn ne basabasayɛ a ɛbɔ kɔ akyi bere a ɛbɔ nnua ntini anaa abotan no yɛ kɛse.

2. Stump Grinder Cutter-Wheel Abɔde mu Nneɛma ne Kickback Zones¶

1. High-Inertia Flywheel Ahoɔden (Coasting Akyi Engine Shutoff):
2. Stump grinder cutter wheel a wɔde di gua anaasɛ wɔde tua ho ka yɛ dade disc a ɛyɛ den a ne kɛse yɛ milimita 13 kosi 25 (inch 0.5 kosi 1.0)** a emu duru yɛ kilogram 40 kosi 90 (nkaribo 90 kosi 200) a ɛkyinkyini 1,000 kosi 2,000 RPM.
3. Sɛ mpo afiri bi nni clutch breki a ɛyɛ adwuma anaasɛ breki pad no asɛe a, twitwa ntwahonan a ɛretwintwam no sie ahoɔden kɛse a ɛkyinkyini na ebetumi akɔ so akɔ so ayɛ komm simma 15 kosi 45 bere a wɔadum engine no akyi. Nnantew dua a wɔde twitwiw dua anim da nkɔhwɛ dua no anaasɛ nnua a wɔayam no yiye kosi sɛ wode w’ani bɛhwɛ sɛnea cutter wheel no aba ɔha biara mu nkyem 100 awu gyinabea.
4. Ɔsoro-Quadrant Foro Twitwa vs. Ase-Quadrant Plunge Kickback:
5. Stump grinder wheel no ase ano no di akɔneaba kɔ afiri no so anaasɛ ɛtwe ne ho fi ho gyina sɛnea wɔayɛ no so, bere a anim/atifi quadrant a ɛwɔ wheel no so no betumi aforo mpofirim akɔ stump no atifi sɛ nea ɔde di dwuma no de ne ho kɔ fam dodo, de basabasayɛ wo nsateaa no kɔ soro anaasɛ ɔtwe afiri no kɔ nkyɛnkyɛn a.
6. Nyam mfi bepɔw a ɛso yɛ toro no fã a ɛsiane baabi a afiri no betumi asan akɔ wo so da, na mma onipa a ɔto so abien nnyina baabi a ɛbɛn grinder no adwumayɛ awiei a okura sɔw anaa rake da bere a ntwahonan no ayɛ adwuma no.

3. Mfiri mu Asiane, Ahobammɔ Nkitahodi, ne Ntɛmntɛm a Wɔde Fi Afiri Mu a Wɔde Toto Ho¶

Deep dive 2: Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) asase ase akuturuku ne anammɔn-tumi tumi abɔde mu nneɛma¶

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) ma adwumayɛfo a wɔde anyinam ahoɔden yɛ adwuma no tumi de fiber-optic conduits, nsu nhama, ne anyinam ahoɔden nhama sisi akwan akɛse, nsubɔnten, ne mpɔtam ase a wontutu amena a wɔabue mu. Nanso, esiane sɛ wɔde anifuraefo kyerɛ drill ti no kwan anifuraefo mita 1 kosi 15 (anammɔn 3 kosi 50) wɔ asase ase ma ** mita 100 kosi 1,000+ (anammɔn 330 kosi 3,300+)** nti, HDD rig ahorow no de wɔn ho hyɛ asase ase nneɛma a wɔde di dwuma a ɛyɛ hu mu kyɛfa a ɛnsɛ mu:

1. Nea Enti a Sɛ Wobɔ Tumi Nhama a Wɔasie a Ɛwɔ Mita 300 a, Ɛma anyinam ahoɔden Ma Drill Rig ne Asase Nyinaa¶

Sɛ carbide sẽ a ɛwɔ asase ase drill ti no (anaasɛ wɔretwe akyi-reamer a ɛtrɛw no asan afa bore tokuru no mu - a ɛma HDD nyinaa mu bɛboro ɔha biara mu nkyem 50 bɔ efisɛ reamer no trɛw tokuru no ntwemu fi 10 cm kosi 30+ cm) slice through the insulation of a buried 7,200-volt, 13,800-volt, anaa 34,500-volt mfitiaseɛ nkyekyɛmu nhama:

1. Dade Drill Hama no Bɛyɛ Busbar Kɛse a Ɛwɔ ahoɔden kɛse:
2. Dade drill abaa a wɔde nhama ayɛ a ɛka bom (drill stem) no yɛ dade conductor a ɛkɔ so, a ɛnyɛ den pii a ɛtrɛw kɔ akyi nyinaa fi asase ase strike point no so kosi HDD drill rig a ɛte soro mita ɔhaha pii wɔ akyirikyiri no so.
3. Wɔ milisekɔn 1 mu no, dade a ɛwɔ HDD drill rig no nyinaa, hydraulic vise jaws, atɛkyɛ pɔmpɛ hose couplings, ne pipe rack no huruw kɔ volt mpempem pii wɔ Asase asase ankasa so.
4. Touch Potential (Nea Enti a Odwumayɛni a Ogyina Rig no Ho no Wu Amonom Ntɛm ara):
5. Sɛ ɔboafoɔ anaa ɔhwɛfoɔ bi gyina dɔteɛ a ɛda hɔ kwa a ɛwɔ HDD rig no nkyɛn no so na ɔde ne nsa to dadeɛ drill rack no so - anaasɛ ɔde paipu safe kɔ mu - berɛ a drill bit no bɔ cable bi wɔ abɔnten so mita 200 a, wɔn nsa wɔ 13,800 volts berɛ a wɔn mpaboa wɔ lower-voltage dirt so. Nsu a edi awu pae fa wɔn basa mu, fa wɔn koma so, na efi wɔn nan mu kɔ asase no mu (Touch Potential).
6. Nea enti a Equipotential Grounding Mat no Gye Operator no Nkwa:
7. OSHA ne HDD nnwuma ahobanbɔ gyinapɛn (te sɛ Common Ground Alliance [CGA] ne DCA akwankyerɛ) hwehwɛ sɛ HDD dwumayɛni biara a ogyina nantew-akyi anaa nkyɛn-gyina control console so gyina heavy welded steel-mesh Equipotential Grounding Grid Mat a wɔde kɔbere bonding cable a emu yɛ duru abɔ drill rig no chassis so tẽẽ.
8. Sɛ drill rig no ma ahoɔden kɔ 10,000 volts a, dade grid mat a ɛwɔ operator no mpaboa ase no nso huruw kɔ 10,000 volts wɔ microsecond koro no ara pɛpɛɛpɛ. Esiane sɛ \(10,000\text{ V} - 10,000\text{ V} = 0\text{ V}\) nsonsonoeɛ a ɛbɛtumi aba wɔ adwumayɛfoɔ no nsa ne ne nan ntam nti, zero current sen fa adwumayɛfoɔ no nipadua mu - GYE sɛ wɔbɔ hu na wɔtu anammɔn baako firi mat no ano kɔ dɔteɛ no so.
9. Anamɔn Tumi a Ɛwɔ Bore Kwan no So (Asiane Ma Walkover Locator Operator):
10. Bere a wɔretu fam no, adwumayɛfo a ɔto so abien (the Locator / Tracker) nantew tẽẽ fa abɔnten so abɔnten anaa sare a ɛwɔ asase ase drill ti no atifi a okura nsaano electromagnetic receiver wand de di bit no mu dɔ ne ne nne akyi.
11. Sɛ drill bit no bɔ cable a ɛwɔ ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn a wɔasie wɔ Locator no nan ase tẽẽ - anaasɛ sɛ mfomsoɔ current fa Strike Alert voltage stake ne drill rig tracks no so kɔ fam a - voltage no hyerɛn kɔ abɔnten fa asase no mu wɔ concentric rings (Earth Potential Rise / Step Voltage).
12. Locator Survival Action: Ɛsɛ sɛ Locator no hyɛ ASTM F1117 / EN 50321 dielectric insulating overshoes (boots) bere nyinaa. Sɛ strike horn no bɔ anaasɛ asase no yɛ arcs a, ɛnsɛ sɛ Locator no nfa nantew anammɔn a ɛfata da; ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde wɔn asen no bom denneennen na wɔde bunny-hop anaasɛ wɔde frafra mu denam nneɛma nketenkete a wɔde twetwe wɔn nan ase kosi nansoaa so (a wɔma wɔn nan ase abien no nyinaa kɔ so di nkitaho) anyɛ yiye koraa no mita 15 kosi 30 (anammɔn 50 kosi 100) fi bore line ne rig no ho.

2. Nsu a Wɔde Tu Tuo a Ɛyɛ Nhyɛso Kɛse (Bentonite Atɛkyɛ) Injection Opira wɔ HDD Rigs so¶

HDD rigs pump pressurized drilling fluid (bentonite clay slurry) kɔ fam wɔ drill stem no mfinimfini wɔ 500 kosi 3,000+ PSI (35 kosi 200+ bar) de ma bit no dwo, sra tunnel no, na ɛhohoro nneɛma a wɔatwa no.

• Sɛ adwumayɛfoɔ bi de wɔn nsa di dwuma (wɔhyɛ aboa nhoma nsateaa a emu yɛ duru mpo) de hwɛ sɛ nsuo bi retu wɔ atɛkyɛ hose a nhyɛsoɔ kɛseɛ wom, swivel, anaa threaded drill-rod joint ho a, pinhole jet a ɛyɛ atɛkyɛ a wɔde tu fam a ɛyɛ 1,500 PSI no tu bɛboro mita 150 wɔ sekan biara mu (335 mph) na ɛtow fa aboa nhoma mu tẽẽ nsateaa ne onipa honam ani a ennyaw nea ɛboro nsensanee kɔkɔɔ ketewaa bi a ne kɛse yɛ milimita 1.
• Nea enti a atɛkyɛ a ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse mu a wɔde gu nipadua mu no ma wotwa nipadua no wɔ Nnɔnhwerew 12 mu: Sɛ wɔde bentonite dɔte a wɔde ayɛ aduru, polymers, ne asase mu mmoawa gu nsateaa anaa nsateaa mu wɔ nhyɛso kɛse ase wie a, nsu no di akyi fa ntini a ɛwɔ akyi no so kɔ nsateaa no anim, na ɛde compartment syndrome, chemical necrosis, ne fulminant necrotizing infection ba.
• Adeyɛ a Ɛho Hia Ntɛmntɛm: Sɛ mpo hydraulic oil anaa bentonite atɛkyɛ a wɔde twitwiw kuru a ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse no te sɛ pinprick a ɛnyɛ yaw a mogya ntu no a, fa no sɛ nkwa ne akwaa oprehyɛn a egye ntɛmpɛ. Fa odwumayɛni no kɔ Level 1 Trauma Center anaa Hand Surgery Center ntɛm ara ma oprehyɛn a ɛtrɛw a wɔde yi adwenem naayɛ so ntɛm ara na wɔayi no afi nipadua no mu wɔ nnɔnhwerew 4 kosi 6 ntam (mfa nsukyenee nhyɛ obi apirakuru a wɔde nhyɛso kɛse ahyɛ mu no so da, efisɛ ntini a ɛtwetwe no ma ntini no wuwu ntɛmntɛm).

Mpɔtam hɔ ntɛmpɛ nɔma ne adwumakuw no nhyehyɛe ahorow¶

Nsɛm a wɔtaa bisa¶

Dɛn nti na nnipa pii a wɔnantew akyi trencher wuwu no fa plastic a ɛnyɛ den a wɔde zip-tie anaa waya bi a wohu wɔ nsateaa so wɔ akwanhyia no akyi ho?¶

Wɔ trencher a nantew akyi no, ɛsɛ sɛ nea ɔde di dwuma no kɔ so piapia Operator Presence ("owufo") lever a spring ahyɛ mu ma wɔ nsa no so na ama nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde tutu ne ntwahonan no kɔ so dannan. Bere a wɔde simma 20 ayɛ adwuma wɔ amena mu a ɛwosow akyi no, wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma no nsa brɛ, ANAA wɔpɛ sɛ wogyaw nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no ma ɛtu mmirika bere a wɔnantew kɔ trencher no anim kɔbɔ ɔbotan bi a akyea fi sẽ no mu anaasɛ wɔde sɔw asɛe efĩ a ɛho ayɛ hare fi amena no mu no. Bere a obi a ɔyɛ adwuma de zip-tie, bungee hama, anaa waya kyekyere saa owufo lever no ho na ɔtu anammɔn kɔ nsateaa no anim no, wɔayi ahobammɔ afiri biako pɛ a ebetumi asiw afiri no ano no afi hɔ. Sɛ wɔn mpaboa no hwirew mfutuma a ayɛ hare no so na ɛka nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a wɔde tutu fam no a, afiri no twetwe wɔn kɔ boom no mu na ɛkɔ so tu mmirika kosi sɛ pɛtro dan no bɛyow.

Sɛ m’adamfo no nan kyekyere nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn a ɛretu trencher a egyina hɔ mu bere a madum engine no akyi a, dɛn nti na ɛnsɛ sɛ mifi engine no ase anaasɛ medan hydraulic drive no kɔ akyi de san nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no fi ne nan so?¶

Mfi engine no ase da anaasɛ mmɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛbɔ trencher chain, wood chipper feed roller, anaa kuayɛ auger akyi bere a onipa akwaa bi akɔhyɛ mu no. Wɔde hama abɔ tungsten-carbide a wɔde tutu sẽ a ɛwɔ trencher nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn so no na ɛwosow wɔ afã horow a ɛsesa; nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no a wɔde kɔ akyi sɛntimita 5 (nsateakwaa 2) mpo no yɛ adwuma te sɛ nea wɔretwe saw agyan a wɔde nsɔe ayɛ asan afa dompe a abubu ne asen anaa asen mu ntini a atwa mu, na ɛdan opira a wobetumi anya nkwa no ma ɛbɛyɛ mogya a ɛtɔ ntɛm ara. Ma engine no nkɔ so to mu koraa (wɔtwe spark plug waya anaasɛ wɔatwa batere no mu), fa windlass tourniquet gu soro na ɛyɛ den wɔ baabi a ɛkyekyere no no atifi, na twɛn ma odumgyafo adwumayɛbea a wogye nkurɔfo a emu yɛ duru de hydraulic cutters anaa rotary saws twa nkɔnsɔnkɔnsɔn no mu nhama no mu.

Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na anyinam ahoɔden abɔ odwumayɛni a ogyina dɔte a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri mita 200 (anammɔn 650) fi asase ase anyinam ahoɔden nhama a ɛrebɔ no so wɔ Horizontal Directional Drill adwuma mu?¶

Sɛ Horizontal Directional Drill (HDD) tow fam mita ɔhaha pii a, ɛpia dade drill paipu a wɔde nhama ayɛ a ɛkɔ so fi rig a ɛwɔ soro no so kosi drill ti no so nyinaa. Sɛ saa dade drill ti anaa back-reamer no twitwa kɔ anyinam ahoɔden nhama a wɔasie a ɛwɔ volt 13,800 mu wɔ kwan no so mita 200 a, anyinam ahoɔden kɔ akyi ntɛm ara fa dade drill hama no nyinaa mu, na ɛma drill rig a ɛwɔ soro no ahoɔden NA ɛma asase a ɛyɛ nsuo a atwa strike point no ne rig no grounding stakes no nyinaa ho ahyia no ahoɔden. Odwumayɛni biara a ɔde ne nsa bɛka dade drill rig no bere a ogyina fam ("Touch Potential") - anaasɛ ɔde anammɔn a ɛfata nantew fa asase a ahoɔden wom a ɛkɔ soro no so ("Step Potential") - wie ahoɔden a ɛkorɔn a ɛfa wɔn koma mu.

Dɛn ne "equipotential grounding mat" wɔ directional drill rig so, na dɛn nti na ɛnsɛ sɛ nea ɔde di dwuma no fi so da bere a anyinam ahoɔden rebɔ?¶

Equipotential grounding mat yɛ dade-hama grid a ɛyɛ tratraa a wɔde si fam tẽẽ wɔ HDD dwumayɛni no nan ase tẽẽ na wɔde nhama a emu yɛ duru bata dade frame a ɛwɔ drill rig no ho tẽẽ. Te sɛ anomaa a ɔte anyinam ahoɔden nhama a ɛwɔ volt 13,800 so dwoodwoo esiane sɛ ne nan abien no nyinaa wɔ ahoɔden koro pɛpɛɛpɛ nti no, obi a ɔyɛ adwuma a ogyina hɔ a ne nan abien nyinaa wɔ equipotential mat a wɔakyekyere so no kɔ soro kodu ahoɔden koro pɛpɛɛpɛ a ɛwɔ control levers a ɛwɔ wɔn nsam no bere a wɔabɔ no, enti anyinam ahoɔden a ɛnyɛ hwee sen fa wɔn nipadua mu. Nanso, asase so efĩ a ɛwɔ saa mpa no ano akyi sɛntimita 15 (nsateakwaa 6) pɛ no wɔ ahoɔden a ɛba fam koraa; sɛ nea ɔde di dwuma no ho popo na ɔde ne nan biako fi mpa no so kɔ dɔte no so bere a ɔda so ara de wɔn nan foforo ka rig no anaa mpa no a, nsu a edi awu no bɛfa wɔn nipadua mu tẽẽ.

Dɛn nti na abɔde mu mframa hyɛɛ ofie wura bi dan ase a ɛwɔ afie abiɛsa a ɛwɔ akyirikyiri no ma bere a afiri bi a wɔde tu fam a ɛkyerɛ kwan bɔɔ gas nhama bi wɔ abɔnten so no?¶

Sɛ afiri a wɔde kyerɛ kwan a enni amena tow abɔde mu mframa paipu bi a ɛwɔ asase ase wɔ asphalt a wɔabɔ so, asase a ayɛ nwini, anaa dɔte a wɔahyɛ no den ase a, ɛnyɛ den sɛ mframa a wɔahyɛ no den a ɛreguan no ntumi mfa ɔkwan no so nkɔ soro tẽẽ. Mmom no, gas no fa ɔkwan a ɛnyɛ den koraa so - ɛnam fam fa asase ase ɔkwan a wɔatow no foforo (annulus) no mu na ɛfa abotan a wɔde ayɛ mpa a ɛyɛ hare a atwa nsu ne nsu fĩ nhama ho ahyia no fa afie a ɛbɛn hɔ no fapem ɔfasu a ɛkɔ mu no mu pɛɛ. Bere biara a wɔbɛbɔ gas nhama bi wɔ asase ase bere a wɔretu amena anaasɛ wɔretu kwan akyerɛ kwan no, ɛsɛ sɛ adwumayɛfo ne odumgyafo tu fi hɔ ntɛm ara na wɔhwɛ adan a atwa ho ahyia nyinaa ase sɛ ebia gas a ɛpae aboaboa ano anaa.

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Saa akwankyerɛ yi yɛ nsɛm a wɔde ma na ɛnsi nteteeɛ a wɔagye atom sɛ wɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiri ho, utility damage-prevention protocols, anaa animdefoɔ ayaresa ananmu. Yɛhyɛ nyansa denneennen sɛ fa American College of Surgeons, Red Cross, anaa St John Ambulance so kɔ Stop the Bleed (tourniquet ne kuru a wɔde kyekyere), Mmoa a Edi Kan, ne CPR/AED adesua a wɔagye atom.

Akwankyerɛ ahorow a ɛfa ho¶

• Excavator anaa backhoe a ɛbɔ gas line a ɛwɔ nhyɛso kɛse a wɔasie anaa asase ase primary cable
• Tumi nhama a ahwe ase ne kar mu anyinam ahoɔden a ɛbɔ (anammɔn tumi) .
• Nnua chipper snag, hama entanglement, ne aduan chute ahobammɔ bar triage
• Pressure washer injection ne tumi adwinnade kickback opira
• Mogya a ɛtɔ kɛse ne tourniquet a wɔde gu so
• Nnɔmba a egye ntɛmpɛ sɛnea ɔman biara te

Fibea ne aban akwankyerɛ¶

• Adwumayɛ mu Ahobammɔ ne Akwahosan Dwumadibea (OSHA, United States) & Ɔman Asoɛe a Ɛhwɛ Adwumayɛ mu Ahobammɔ ne Akwahosan So (NIOSH): Adwumayɛfo a Wopirapira ne Owu a efi Trencher Entanglements, Stump Grinder Kickbacks, ne Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Asase ase Utility Strikes (29 CFR 1926.651).
• Common Ground Alliance (CGA, Amerika Atifi fam): Nneyɛe Pa Akwankyerɛ - Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Potholing/Daylighting, Cross-Bore Prevention, Strike Alert Systems, ne Equipotential Grounding Mats.
• Akwahosan ne Ahobanbɔ Adwumayɛfoɔ (HSE, United Kingdom): Asiane a Wɔkwati a ɛfiri Asase ase Nnwuma mu (HSG47) & Trenchers ne Stump Grinders a Wɔn a Wɔn Nantew Di So a Wɔde Di Dwuma Dwoodwoo (PUWER 1998).
• Power & Communication Contractors Association (PCCA) & Distribution Contractors Association (DCA): HDD Ahobanbɔ Nhoma - Electrical Strike Mmuae, Anamɔn ne Ka a Ɛtumi Ka Abɔdeɛ mu Nneɛma, ne High-Pressure Drilling Fluid Injection Triage.
• Amerika Nnuruyɛfo Kuw a Ɛhwɛ Oprehyɛn So (ACS) Boayikuw a Ɛhwɛ Ahodwiriw So: Gyae Mogya & Prehospital Trauma Life Support (PHTLS) Akwankyerɛ a ɛfa Ahoɔden a Ɛho Hia Kua ne Mfiridwuma mu Akwaa a Wɔde Maceration ne Tourniquet a Wɔde Di Dwuma ho.