Mai Wanke Kayan Wanki na Kasuwancin Spin-Basket Entanglement and Flatwork Ironer Draw-In Ceto¶

Kasuwanci, otal, asibiti, da wankin kurkuku suna aiki da nau'ikan injunan masana'antu guda uku waɗanda ke haɗa manyan inertia na jujjuyawa, matsa lamba mai yawa ko na'ura mai ƙarfi, da matsananciyar ƙarfin zafi: ** manyan masu wanki-tsararrun centrifugal mai ƙarfi , * calender mai zafi mai ƙarfe (mangles)neumatic. Lokacin da injin wanki na masana'antu ya jujjuya nauyin kilogiram 50 zuwa 400 (laba 110 zuwa 880) kayan rigar lilin a ** 600 zuwa juyin juya halin 1,200 a minti daya (rpm)* don fitar da ruwa a 200 zuwa 400 G-force, na'urorin da ba su da ƙarfi kamar ƙarfin ƙarfe-karfe. Idan na'urar shigar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar kulle ƙofar ta gaza, an kewaye ta da tef ko na'urar tsalle, ko kuma ta buɗe yayin da ganguna ke ƙasa, kuma ma'aikaci ya isa ciki don ciro murɗaɗɗen gadon gado, lilin mai jujjuyawar ya kama wuyan hannu yana yage hannu daga kafada (** mai rauni na gaba ko transhumeral) kaɗa ganga a cikin ƙasa da daƙiƙa 0.2.

Haka ma bala'i shine ** haɗewar murƙushewar zafi ("matsa zafi" ko rauni na calender)** a cikin ** ironer ironer** ko ** danna wanki na huhu *. Masu aikin ƙarfe na masana'antu suna jan zanen gado masu ɗanɗano da kayan tebur a tsakanin manyan rollers na ƙarfe mai nauyi da tururi mai zafi, mai zafi mai zafi, ko ƙirji mai zafi mai zafi yana gudana a ** 160 zuwa 200 digiri Celsius (320 zuwa 392 digiri Fahrenheit). Idan yatsun ma'aikaci ya tsallake ko zamewa a ƙarƙashin madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin sandar gadin yatsa na gaba **, bel ɗin ciyarwa da silinda mai zafi na ƙarfe yana zana hannu da gaɓoɓin hannu a cikin nip yayin dafa fatar da aka murkushe, tendons, da kashi a kusan digiri 200 na Celsius. Sanin yadda ake buga shingen tafiye-tafiye mai tsayi mai faɗi da sakin abin nadi KAFIN a ja hannun da ke daure a baya, yadda ake birki da kulle mai cire centrifuge mai bakin teku, da yadda za a kwantar da rauni na rauni na digiri na uku na zafin zafi na uku yana ceton rayuka da hannaye. Duba lambobin gaggawa, Yanke nama na kasuwanci, mahaɗa kullu, da ɗamarar injinan gidan abinci, yankewa da tsinkewar gaɓoɓi, kuma konewa.

Yi wannan yanzu¶

1. Mamaki cikakken faɗin gaban aminci mashaya tsoro (masanin tsaro na yatsa) ko buga maballin jan naman kaza Tsaya gaggawar gaggawa (E-Stop) nan da nan idan an ja hannun ma'aikaci a cikin na'urar fakitin kasuwanci ko kuma an lika shi a ƙarƙashin injin tururi mai huhu. yankan dafaffen hannu, dakakken hannu ta wani matsewar nono yana cire duk fata da jijiyoyi daga kasusuwa ( zafi mai zafi**).
2. **Saki matsi na inji, huhu, ko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa a kan abin nadi mai zafi ko na'urar latsa kai nan da nan don haka ƙarfe mai zafi ya ɗaga hannun wanda aka azabtar a cikin daƙiƙa. Yatsu masu buƙatar yankewa:
3. On a Flatwork Ironer: Activate the automatic roller lift / canopy raise switch, open the pneumatic air-dump valve, or grab the manual emergency hand-crank / lever on the side frame to raise the padded pressure roll off the heated steam/gas chest and hand-turn the roll backward.
4. ** Akan Latsa Hannun Hankali na Pneumatic:** Buga ** maɓallin maɓallin dual-biyu / ja E-Stop ** ko cire ** manual damtse-iska mai jujjuya bawul ** akan silinda mai huhu na baya don barin madaidaicin babban buck ɗin bazara ya buɗe; idan bazarar dawowar ta karye, sai a buɗa babban buck ɗin tare da katako ko katako 2x4 nan da nan.
5. **Idan aka kama hannun ma'aikaci ko jikin ma'aikaci a cikin injin wanki ko na'urar bushewa na masana'antu, buga ja E-Stop sannan a buɗe babban bangon na'urar cire haɗin wutar lantarki, sannan jira drum ɗin ya tsaya gaba ɗaya kafin ya isa ciki. Ɗaukar rigar takarda a cikin drum na bakin teku zai naɗe hannun ku a cikin injin.
6. **Kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (911 a Amurka da Kanada, 112 a cikin Tarayyar Turai, 999 a cikin United Kingdom) kuma bayar da rahoton ko dai "Yankewa / tarko mai saurin kasuwanci na kasuwanci mai sauri" ko "Ƙofar masana'anta mai zafi mai zafi." duba lambobin gaggawa.
7. **Domin yankewar centrifuge avulsion tare da zubar jini mai barazanar rai, a yi amfani da balaguron balaguron iska mai tsawon santimita 5 zuwa 7 (inci 2 zuwa 3) sama da kututturen yanke nan da nan, ko kuma a ɗaure soket ɗin kafada (axilla) tare da gauze na jini ko bakararre sannan a riƙa ci gaba da matsawa kai tsaye ta hannu biyu idan aka yi sanyi sosai. kafa da kyau a kan jakar slurry mai ruwan kankara; gani zub da jini kuma yankewa da tsinkewar gaɓoɓi.
8. **Da zarar an kubutar da hannu ko hannu daga na'urar dumama mai zafi ko matsin tururi, sai a ba da ruwan gabobin da suka kone da dakakken nan da nan tare da ruwan famfo mai sanyi mai tsafta (15 zuwa 20 digiri Celsius / 59 zuwa 68 Fahrenheit) na tsawon mintuna 20 yayin da za a cire duk wani zobe ko kallo akan yatsun da ba a kone ba. iyakar ischemic nama.

Bishiyar yanke shawara: mai cire wanki na kasuwanci, mai aikin ƙarfe, da ceton latsa tururi¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Gaggawa Injin Wanki na Kasuwanci"] --> Machine{"Wani nau'in injin wanki ya shiga?"}
    Machine -->|"Washer-Extractor / Centrifuge Spin Basket Entanglement"| Extractor["1. Buga ja E-Stop da jujjuya bangon wutar lantarki KASHE; 2. KADA KA shiga cikin ganga mai jujjuya ko kaɗe-kaɗe da hannaye; 3. Jira birki mai ƙarfi/jigi don tsayar da kwandon gaba ɗaya; 4. Aiwatar da kayan yawon shakatawa ko junctional axillary packing don raunin hannu; 5. Ajiye gauze da aka yanke a cikin jakar filastik akan ruwan kankara"]
    Machine -->|"Mai zafi Flatwork Ironer (Calender Roller) Hand Draw-In"| Ironer["1. Mare cikakken faɗin gaban yatsa mai gadin tsoro mashaya & buga E-Stop; 2. KADA KA YI KYAUTA HANNU da aka kama da baya ta wurin matsewar nono; 3. Saki matsi na pneumatic/spneumatic na bazara KO crank wheel wheel don dauke mirgine kashe 180 C (356 F) mai zafi ƙirji nan da nan; 4. Cool 'yantar da murkushe ƙonawa a ƙarƙashin ruwan famfo mai sanyi na tsawon mintuna 20"]
    Machine -->|"Tufafin Pneumatic / Lilin Steam Press Head Pinning"| SteamPress["1. Buga E-Stop / maɓallin sakin kai na gaggawa nan da nan; 2. Idan kai ya tsaya ƙasa, toshe bawul ɗin silinda mai matsa lamba a bayan latsa; 3. Pry babba mai zafi buck zuwa sama tare da mashaya pry kuma toshe bude; 4. Cool hade tururi / tuntuɓar murkushewa tare da ruwan famfo mai gudana na mintuna 20"]
    Machine -->|"Tafiya / Wuce-Ta Wanke Ramin Masana'antu ko bushewa"| Tunnel["1. Buga E-Tsaya kuma kulle babban tururi, gas, da abubuwan haɗin lantarki; 2. Buɗe ƙyanƙyashe ƙyanƙyashe don fitar da tururi mai zafi da iska mai zafi; 3. Cire ma'aikaci ta amfani da ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun sararin samaniya kuma a yi maganin bugun jini / kumburi"]
    Extractor --> EMS["Kira 911/112/999 don Raɗaɗi na Mataki na 1, Sake dasa hannu, ko jigilar Wuta na Yanki."]
    Ironer --> EMS
    SteamPress --> EMS
    Tunnel --> EMS

Hatsarin wanki-extractor na kasuwanci da centrifugal hydro-extractor haɗari¶

Me yasa rigar lilin ke jujjuya tana aiki kamar winch mai ƙarfi¶

A cikin wanki na kasuwanci, ana cire ruwa daga zanen da aka wanke, tawul, da rigunan riguna ko dai a cikin haɗaɗɗun ** mai saurin wanki mai sauri ** ko kuma a cikin keɓaɓɓen babban mai ɗaukar nauyi ** centrifugal hydro-extractor ("spinner")**. A yayin zagayowar zagayowar, kwandon bakin karfe mai ratsa jiki yana juyawa a 600 zuwa 1,200 rpm.

Kaddarorin jiki guda biyu suna sanya kwandon wanki mai jujjuya kisa na musamman idan an isa gare su kafin tasha cikakke (** yanayin sifili **):

1. Maɗaukakiyar jujjuyawar juye-juye da lokuttan ƙasa-da-ƙasa: Kayan kasuwanci na rigar zanen auduga yayi nauyi ** 100 zuwa 400 kilogiram (fam 220 zuwa 880)** wanda aka yi wa kewayen babban gangunan ƙarfe-karfe mai nauyi, yana aiki a matsayin ƙato mai tashi. Idan birki mai ƙarfi na lantarki ko ɓacin huhu ya ƙare ko ya gaza, drum ɗin yana ci gaba da jujjuya shuru ta hanyar inertia mai tsafta na 2 zuwa mintuna 5 bayan mai ƙidayar zagayowar ta ƙare.
2. ** Kulle ƙulle na murɗaɗɗen rigar masana'anta:** Rigar auduga ko polyester-blend bedsheets ɗin da aka murɗa tare a 300 G-force suna da ƙarfin karyewar ƙarfi na ** kilogiram dubu da yawa**. Lokacin da ma'aikaci mara haƙuri ya buɗe ƙofar wanki wanda ** maɓalli mai saurin sifili** ya karye ko ya wuce ya shiga ya ja wani kusurwar takarda yayin da ganga ke jujjuya koda ** 60 zuwa 100 rpm**, rigar rigar ta nannaɗe hannu da goshinta kamar kulli. A cikin juzu'in daƙiƙa ɗaya, taro mai jujjuyawa yana murɗa hannu a kusa da axis na tsakiya, yana haifar da ** karkacewa daga radius, ulna, da humerus** sannan a yanke gabaɗayan yanke hukunci** a gwiwar hannu ko kafada, ko jan kan ma'aikacin da jikin na sama ta firam ɗin ƙofar madauwari.

Matsayin kulle-kulle na wajibi (OSHA 1910.264, ANSI L1.1, & EN ISO 10472)¶

Karkashin ** OSHA 29 CFR 1910.264 © (1) & (2), ** ANSI Z8.1 / L1.1, ** UK HSE Laundry Guidance , da ** Turai Standard EN ISO 10472-2, kowane injin wanki da mai cire centrifugal dole ne a sanye shi da:

• Makullin kofa na lantarki mai juriya da tambari da firikwensin motsi mai saurin sifili: Dole ne a hana kofar lodi ko murfin saman jiki budewa yayin da kwandon ciki ke jujjuya, sannan a hana motar tuki farawa yayin bude kofar. Mahimmanci, kulle mai ƙidayar lokaci mai sauƙi bai isa ba idan birki ya gaza; Ka'idodin aminci na zamani suna buƙatar makullin ** juyawa-jin (sifili-gudun)** wanda ke riƙe da solenoid ɗin ƙofar har sai an tabbatar da jujjuyawar kwando a 0 rpm.
• Tabbacin kulle-kulle yau da kullun: Idan kowane mai cirewa ko ƙofar busasshen za a iya buɗewa yayin da ganga ke juyawa, dole ne a rufe injin ɗin nan da nan kuma a kulle ba ta aiki (Kulle/Tagout) har sai wani ƙwararren masani ya gyara shi.

Flatwork ironer (calender roller) jawo-ciki da raunin zafi mai zafi¶

Yadda ƙwanƙolin ƙarfe ke haifar da ɓarna tare da murkushewa da ƙonewa¶

Kasuwanci ** ironer (calender ko mangle)** yana sarrafa rigar gadon gado, akwatunan matashin kai, da kayan tebur a saurin mita 5 zuwa 50 a minti daya (ƙafa 15 zuwa 165 a cikin minti ɗaya)**. Dangane da zane, yana amfani da ko dai:

• Nau'in ƙirji (Roll-da-Kirji) Ironer: Manyan ƙarfe ɗaya zuwa huɗu na ƙarfe ** matsa lamba rollers ** (wanda aka nannade shi da Nomex/aramid ji da maɓuɓɓugan zafi) danna lilin damp ɗin ƙasa tare da dubban sabbin nau'ikan pneumatic ko ƙarfin bazara na injin a cikin goge, murɗaɗɗen ƙarfe ** mai zafi da ƙirji (gado)* 8 mai zafi na ciki. 115 zuwa 190 psi**), man thermal, ko gas burners zuwa 160 zuwa 200 digiri Celsius (320 zuwa 392 digiri Fahrenheit).
• ** Nau'in Silinda (Komawa-Ribbon) Mai ƙarfe:** Canvas ko Nomex ** ribbon ɗin ciyarwa (belts)** yana ɗaukar lilin a kusa da babban silinda mai zafi mai zafi (160 zuwa 190 digiri Celsius).

Lokacin da ma'aikaci ya ciyar da gefen rigar rigar da aka lanƙwasa akan bel ɗin ciyarwa, za'a iya kama yatsunsu a cikin riɓaɓɓen masana'anta ko kuma a kama shi a kan ɗigon ciyarwar da ya yayyage. Idan a kwance ** shingen tsaro na gaban yatsa *** a saman makogwaron ci ya yi tsayi da yawa (fiye da ** 10 zuwa 12 millimeters ** sama da bel), yana makale da lint, ko kuma yana da microswitch mara kyau, yatsun ma'aikaci, hannu, da gaban gaba ana jan su kai tsaye zuwa ** in-gudu nip point ** tsakanin abin nadi da **-180Cius. (356-digiri-Fahrenheit) karfe kirji ***.

Me yasa "Thermal Crush" ya fi muni fiye da ƙonawa mai sauƙi ko murkushewa¶

Likitocin fida na hannu suna rarraba na'ura mai laushi ko ɗaki mai zafi a matsayin ** haɗe-haɗe da rauni-rauni**, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ɓarna a cikin magani:

1. Matsi na inji na lokaci guda da canja wurin zafi mai zurfi: Kona walƙiya na yau da kullun ko ɗan gajeren hulɗa yana shafar epidermis na waje kawai saboda mutum yana janye hannunsu cikin daƙiƙa 0.2. A cikin madaidaicin ƙarfe ko latsa tururi, abin nadi na pneumatic yana riƙe da hannun da aka manne a ƙarƙashin ** ɗaruruwan kilogiram na matsin lamba kai tsaye da ƙarfe 180-Celsius karfe . Matsin injin yana matse duk wani kwararar jini na kariya daga cikin fatar fata (wanda yawanci ke ɗaukar zafi) kuma yana karkata hannun zuwa rabin kauri, yana gudanar da zafi kai tsaye ta cikin fatar dorsal, tendons na extensor, capsules na haɗin gwiwa, ƙasusuwa na metacarpal, da daure neurovascular na dabino a cikin dakika 5 zuwa 15.
2. Ciwon daji a ƙarƙashin eschar fata mara ƙarfi: Zafin yana daidaita fatar hannu zuwa ɓawon burodi mara nauyi (** eschar mataki na uku ), yayin da murƙushewar injin yana haifar da kumburin tsoka na ciki da nama a cikin matsatstsun sassan hannu da gaɓoɓin hannu. Ba tare da saurin sakin tiyata ba ( escharotomy da fasciotomy*), matsa lamba na ciki yana lalata duk abin da tsoka da jijiyoyi suka tsira daga zafin farko.

Fitowa mataki-mataki daga mai zafi mai ƙoshin ƙarfe (KADA KA JA BAYA)¶

Kowace daƙiƙa hannun wanda aka azabtar yana tsayawa yana matsewa akan ƙirjin ƙarfe-180-Celsius ironer chest ko silinda yana lalata zurfin yadudduka na tsoka da kashi. Dole ne masu ceto su yi aiki a cikin ** ƙasa da daƙiƙa 15** ta amfani da wannan ainihin jerin injiniyoyi:

1. ** Matsa madaidaicin madaidaicin sandar gadin yatsa na gaba kuma danna maɓallin E-Stop:**
2. A kan masu ba da izini na zamani (** OSHA 1910.264 © (3) / EN ISO 10472-5 **), tarwatsa shingen tsaro na gaba ko buga E-Stop an tsara shi don yanke wutar lantarki ta atomatik DA hura silinda mai huhu don haka babban abin nadi ya ɗaga ** 5 zuwa 10 santimita) (ƙirji ya faɗo sama da inci 2 zuwa 4).
3. Idan abin nadi bai ɗaga kai tsaye ba, saki matsa lamba na abin nadi da hannu nan da nan:
4. KADA KA KARBI guiwar wanda abin ya shafa sannan ka mayar da hannunsu baya yayin da abin nadi na matse yake manne a hannunsu; za ku cire dafaffen fata da jijiyoyi gaba ɗaya daga yatsu.
5. ** A kan masu ƙarfe mai ɗagawa: ** Gano wurin ** bugun jini / jujjuya bawul ** akan gidan silinda na pneumatic a gefen injin (ko yanke / cire haɗin bututun iskar da aka matsar da iskar da ke ciyar da tashar jiragen ruwa na bugun jini bayan kashe babban bawul ɗin iska) don haka abin nadi yana ɗagawa ko ya sake tashin hankali.
6. ** A kan injina / lokacin bazara da aka ɗora ko na'urar ƙarfe:** Ɗauki ** sadaukar da kayan aikin gaggawa na hannu (hannun hannu)** da aka adana akan firam ɗin gefe na ironer, daidaita shi akan abin nadi-ɗagawa, sa'annan ku murƙushe abin nadi / alfarwa UP daga ƙirjin mai zafi, sannan yi amfani da soket ɗin tuƙi na hannu don ** juya abin nadi a cikin makogwaro a hankali.
7. ** Zuba ruwa mai tsaftataccen ruwa mai sanyi akan hannun da aka makale KAWAI idan an jinkirta fitar da iskar sannan kuma na'urar ta kasance mai zafi (BA mai zafi ba ko fallasa wutar lantarki):**
8. Idan hannun ya makale na fiye da dakika 30 akan kirjin mai zafi mai zafi yayin da abokan aiki ke murza abin nadi sama, suna zuba ruwan famfo mai sanyi kai tsaye akan hannun da ke cikin tarko da abin nadi yana taimakawa wajen daukar zafi mai zafi.
9. GARGADI: Kada a taba zuba ruwa a kan injin karfen da zai dumama ** man thermal mai zafi mai zafi (ruwa mai zafi)** idan bututun mai ya zube, sai a ware wutar lantarki tukuna.

Kayan wanki na huhu na tururi mai murkushe kushewar ceto¶

Masu tsabtace bushes na kasuwanci da wankin wanki na otal/asibiti suna amfani da ** almakashi-aiki mai amfani da busasshiyar iska, matsin riga, da matsin kwala/cuff. Babban karfe mai lankwasa (** babban buck *), mai zafi da tururi mai ƙarfi na ciki zuwa ** 150 zuwa 180 digiri Celsius (300 zuwa 356 digiri Fahrenheit), ya faɗo ƙasa a kan padded ** ƙananan buck ** wanda aka matsa da silinda mai iska a ** 5 zuwa 7 mashaya (70si) 100 p.

Ko da yake ana buƙatar latsa don samun ikon sarrafa maɓallin turawa hannu biyu ** (tilasta wa mai aiki yin amfani da hannaye biyu akan maɓallai a wajen yankin latsa har sai kai ya rufe), raunin yana faruwa akai-akai lokacin:

• Mai aiki yana riƙa sanda, nauyi, ko tef don riƙe maɓalli ɗaya ƙasa don su iya santsi riga da hannunsu kyauta yayin danna maɓallin da ya rage.
• Ma'aikata biyu suna aiki da latsa ɗaya tare ba tare da sanin ɗayan yana latsa maɓallin rufewa ba.
• Wutar solenoid mai ƙwanƙwasa mai ƙwanƙwasa ko madaidaicin dawowar bazara, yana haifar da buck ɗin mai zafi mai nauyin kilo 50 (laba 110) don sukuɗa ƙasa ba zato ba tsammani akan goshin ma'aikacin.

** Matakan ceto na gaggawa don danna maballin tururi:**

1. ** Danna maɓallin Sakin Ja / Buɗe Buɗe Gaggawa ** akan na'ura mai sarrafawa nan da nan.
2. Idan Buck na sama ya tsaya a manne a hannu: Dubi ginshiƙin baya na latsawa, rufe ** bawul ɗin isar da iskar da aka matse**, sannan a ja ** zoben taimako na shayewar hannu** (ko kwance bututun iskar da ke dacewa da silinda mai rufewa) don fitar da iskan da ke riƙe da kai ƙasa.
3. Dagawa da jujjuya buhun na sama mai zafi: Domin babban buck ɗin ba ya daidaita yanayin bazara, iskan silinda yakan ba ka damar tura saman kai tsaye ta hannun rigar sa; idan bazarar dawowar ta karye, toshe shingen pry na karfe ko katako 2x4 tsakanin ƙananan buck gefen da babban buck don ɗaga shi daga hannun wanda aka azabtar nan da nan.

Taimakon farko don haɗakar zafi-murkushewa da raunin wanki na centrifuge¶

1. Nan da nan sanyaya da kula da rauni ga flatwork ironer da tururi latsa konewa¶

Da zarar hannu ko hannun gaba ya kuɓuta daga dumama baƙin ƙarfe ko latsa tururi:

1. ** Ba da ruwa tare da ruwan famfo mai sanyi (15 zuwa 20 C / 59 zuwa 68 F) na tsawon mintuna 20:**
2. Zurfafan kyallen takarda da aka murƙushe da ƙarfe na digiri 180-Celsius suna riƙe da zafi mai ɓoye wanda ke ci gaba da dafa tendons da jijiyoyi na mintuna da yawa bayan cirewa. Ban ruwa mai gudana na minti 20 na gaggawa yana dakatar da ci gaba na thermal kuma yana rage edema; gani konewa.
3. **Kada a taɓa amfani da ƙanƙara ko ruwan kankara ***, wanda ke haifar da vasoconstriction mai tsanani kuma yana zurfafa necrosis na nama a cikin murkushe hannun.
4. Cire duk kayan ado da agogo nan da nan, amma KAR KU kware masana'anta da suka makale ko fata ta kone:
5. Yanke duk wani sako-sako da masana'anta da ke kusa da hannu, amma idan masana'anta na roba sun narke a cikin fatar da ta kone, a bar shi a wuri don ɓata aikin tiyata kuma a kwantar da shi daidai.
6. Ki nannade sosai cikin busassun gauze maras sanda ko tsaftataccen fim ɗin cin abinci na filastik, a tsaga a hankali, kuma a ɗaga sama da kyau a ko dan kadan sama da matakin zuciya:
7. Kada a taɓa ɗaure madauwari daɗaɗɗen daɗaɗɗen hannu mai zafi; kumburi zai kara sauri matsa lamba.
8. Kai kai tsaye zuwa asibiti tare da ** duka Cibiyar Konewa na Yanki da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Hannun hannu **, a matsayin gaggawa na gaggawa escharotomy (yankewa ta cikin ɓawon fata mai ƙonawa) da ** fasciotomy ** (buɗewar sassan tsoka mai zurfi) ana buƙatar akai-akai cikin sa'o'i don ajiye yatsunsu; gani murkushe rauni da sashe ciwo.

2. Kula da zubar jini don raunin da ya faru na centrifuge extractor avulsion¶

Lokacin da mai yin wanki mai sauri ya karkata ya yaga hannu a goshi, gwiwar hannu, ko kafada:

1. ** Aiwatar da balaguron balaguron iska idan kututturen gaɓoɓin hannu ya rage:** Sanya yawon shakatawa na iska na kasuwanci (kamar CAT ko SOFTT-W) ** 5 zuwa 7 centimeters (2 zuwa 3 inci)** sama da wurin tsagewar a hannun babba kuma a karkatar da gilashin har sai jinin ja mai haske ya tsaya gaba ɗaya; gani zub da jini.
2. Yi amfani da Junctional Wound Packing idan hannun yana harzuka a soket na kafada (axilla): Idan gaɓoɓin ya yage kusa da kafada don yawon shakatawa mai kewayawa don dacewa, shirya juzu'i na gauze na hemostatic ko gauze mara kyau mai zurfi a cikin rami mai rauni kai tsaye a kan tsagewar axillary tare da ci gaba da dannawa axillary tare da ci gaba da latsawa ta jiki tare da ci gaba da ɗaukar nauyi. ma'aikatan lafiya sun iso.
3. A dawo da guntun da aka tsinke daga drum din wanki sai bayan an kulle wutar sannan a jujjuyawa a 0 rpm: Cire abin da ya yanke a hankali daga lallausan lallausan, sai a nannade shi cikin gauze mara kyau wanda aka jika da gishiri, sai a rufe shi a cikin jakar da ba ta da ruwa, sannan a ajiye jakar a kan 50/50 da aka niƙa da ƙanƙara da ruwa; gani yankewa da tsinkewar gaɓoɓi.

Lambobin gaggawa na yanki da ka'idojin hukumar¶

Lokacin kiran sabis na gaggawa don tarkon wanki na kasuwanci, ƙayyade ko wanda aka azabtar ya kasance ** har yanzu yana makale a cikin injin ƙarfe / cirewa *** (yana buƙatar cirewar Wuta-Ceto) kuma bayyana a sarari idan akwai ** haɗe-haɗe 180-digiri-Celsius thermal murkushe hannun *** ko kuma mai jujjuyawa mai saurin gudu. Duba lambobin gaggawa.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi¶

Me ya sa yake da haɗari sosai don isa cikin injin wanki na kasuwanci yayin da ganga ke tafiya sannu a hankali don tsayawa?¶

Wani mai fitar da wanki na kasuwanci wanda aka ɗora shi da kilogiram 100 zuwa 400 (fam 220 zuwa 880) na rigar zanen gado yana aiki kamar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙafar ƙafar ƙarfe. Ko da motar ta kashe kuma ganguna ya bayyana yana gangarowa a hankali a 50 zuwa 100 rpm, yana ɗaukar dubban mitoci na Newton na jujjuyawa. Rigar gadon gadon da aka ruɗe a cikin drum suna da ƙarfi kamar igiyoyin winch na ƙarfe; idan kun isa ciki don ciro takarda kafin kwandon ya kai cikakkiyar tsayawar 0-rpm, lilin mai jujjuya yana matse wuyan hannu kamar tarko, yana zage kasusuwan hannun ku kuma yaga hannun daga kwas ɗin kafada cikin ɗan daƙiƙa kaɗan.

Me ya sa masu ceto ba za su taɓa janye hannun ma'aikaci baya ba daga cikin abin nadi na baƙin ƙarfe?¶

Kayan aikin ƙarfe na kasuwanci yana manne lilin mai ɗanɗano da madaidaicin digiri 160-200-Celsius (320-zuwa-392-fahrenheit) ƙirji mai zafi na ƙarfe ko silinda ƙarƙashin ɗaruruwan kilogiram na pneumatic ko matsi na bazara. Lokacin da aka ja hannu zuwa wannan wurin nip, zafi yana dafawa da sauri kuma yana raunana fata da fascia na subcutaneous yayin da abin nadi yana murƙushe ƙasusuwa. Idan abokin aiki ya kama hannun wanda aka azabtar ya koma baya yayin da abin nadi yana ci gaba da dannawa ƙasa, madaidaicin nip yana aiki kamar ƙwanƙwasa wanda ke cire duk fata mai ƙonewa, jijiyoyi, da tendons daga kasusuwan hannun (wani mummunan rauni na zafi mai zafi). Koyaushe sakin na'urar bugun huhu ko na'ura mai na'ura ko fara rusa abin nadi UP daga mai zafin ƙirji.

Menene ke sa rauni na "murkushe thermal" daga injin wanki ko latsa tururi ya fi haɗari fiye da ƙonawa na yau da kullun?¶

A cikin ƙonawa na yau da kullun, zaku cire hannunku nan da nan kuma zagayawa na jini a cikin zurfin dermis yana taimakawa wajen kawar da zafi. A cikin madaidaicin ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko tururi, matsa lamba mai nauyi yana matse jini daga cikin kyallen takarda kuma yana riƙe da lallausan hannu da ƙarfi akan ƙarfe 180-Celsius na daƙiƙa da yawa, yana gudanar da zafi kai tsaye zuwa cikin tendons masu zurfi, tsokoki, haɗin gwiwa, da jijiyoyi. Bayan haka, fata ta waje ta zama mai wuya, maƙarƙashiyar fata (eschar) yayin da tsokoki da ke cikin ciki suna kumbura da sauri, suna haifar da ciwo mai tsanani wanda ke katse duk sauran kwararar jini sai dai idan likitocin sun yi gaggawar escharotomy da fasciotomy incisions.

Ta yaya zan buɗe latsa tururi na tufa mai huhu idan wutar ta gaza ko maɓallin sakin baya ɗaga saman saman mai zafi?¶

Wankin huhu da busassun busassun matsi suna amfani da matsewar iska (5 zuwa 7 mashaya / 70 zuwa 100 psi) a cikin silinda ta baya don tura buck ɗin sama mai zafi zuwa ƙasa da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu nauyi. Idan maɓallan sakin wutar lantarki sun kasa buɗe latsa yayin da hannun ma'aikaci ke ƙulla, je nan da nan zuwa layin da aka matse a baya ko gefen latsawa, rufe bawul ɗin da ke ba da iskar, sannan a ja zobe na zubar da iska (ko sassauta/yanke bututun samar da iska na filastik akan silinda). Da zarar iskar da aka matse ta fita daga cikin silinda, maɓuɓɓugan daidaita ma'aunin za su ba ka damar ɗaga saman saman mai zafi ko kuma buɗe shi da sandar katako.

Shin zan sa kankara a hannun da ya kone aka niƙasa a cikin injin wanki mai zafi?¶

A'a, kar a taɓa sanya ƙanƙara ko ruwan sanyi a kan hannun da ya kone da darkake. Yayin da dole ne ku kwantar da hannun nan da nan a ƙarƙashin ruwan famfo mai sanyi (15 zuwa 20 digiri Celsius / 59 zuwa 68 digiri Fahrenheit) na minti 20 don dakatar da zafi mai zurfi daga dafa abinci mai zurfi, yin amfani da kankara yana haifar da matsananciyar jini-jini (vasospasm). A hannun wanda jijiyoyin jini suka rigaya sun lalace ta hanyar murkushe injina da coagulation na thermal, vasoconstriction na ƙanƙara zai kashe nama mai tsira a kan iyaka kuma ya haifar da asarar yatsu.

*Wannan jagorar tana ba da ceton injunan wanki na masana'antu, kullewa/tagout, da ka'idojin taimakon gaggawa na zafi kuma baya maye gurbin ƙwararrun horarwar ma'aikata ko kulawar likita ta kwararru. Yi la'akari da ɗaukar taimakon farko na wurin aiki, kulawar ƙonawa, da tsarin kula da zubar jini ta Red Cross, St John Ambulance, ko Hukumar Tsaron Ma'aikata ta ƙasa.

Jagora masu alaƙa¶

• Yanke nama na kasuwanci, mahaɗa kullu, da ɗamarar injinan gidan abinci
• Kwamfutar shara, baler, bel mai ɗaukar kaya, da ceton makulli na masana'antu
• Yankewa da tsinkewar gaɓoɓi
• Murkushe rauni da ciwon sashe
• Yana ƙonewa

Tushen da jagorar hukuma¶

• Gudanar da Tsaro da Lafiya na Ma'aikata (OSHA, Amurka): 29 CFR 1910.264 Injinan Wanki da Ayyuka da 29 CFR 1910.147 Sarrafa Makamashi Mai Hatsari (Kulle/Tagout)
• EN ISO 10472-1 zuwa 10472-6 Bukatun aminci don injin wanki na masana'antu (Injunan Wanka, Masu cirewa, Ironers, da Latsa)*
• Babban Jami'in Lafiya da Tsaro (HSE, United Kingdom): Tsaro a cikin Wanki da Tsabtace bushewa (Jagora akan Masu Haɓakawa na Centrifugal, Kalanda, da Matsin Tufa)
• Cibiyar Matsayin Ƙasa ta Amirka (ANSI): ANSI/TCATA Z8.1 Bukatun Tsaro don Wanki na Kasuwanci da Kayayyakin bushewa da Ayyuka
• Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Amirka (ABA) & Ƙungiyar Amirka don Tiyatar Hannu (ASSH): * Gudanar da Harkokin Kiwon Lafiyar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru (Rauni mai zafi)*