Falling Undermount Kitchen Sink or Cracking Granite Countertop Overhang: Plumbing Support and Shoring¶

Lokacin da polyester resin epoxy pads da ƙananan reshe na tagulla suna riƙe da ** bakin ƙarfe-karfe, simintin ƙarfe, ko kwandon dafa abinci na wuta ** zuwa ƙasan ** granite, ma'adini, ko katako na marmara ** ba zato ba tsammani, yawanci yayin da kwandon biyu ya cika da ** kilogiram 35 (kilo 80) na ruwa mai nauyi, kilo 80, ruwa mai nauyi, 1 kilogiram 8. zubar da shara , duka ** 45- zuwa 80-kilogram (100- zuwa 175-laba) taron nutse ya sauke ** 2 zuwa santimita 10 (inci 1 zuwa 4)* a cikin madaidaicin tushe mai duhu tare da crunch. A wannan na biyun, ** kawai abin da ke hana babban nutsewa daga faɗuwa ta ƙasan bene na majalisar ku ** shine bakin ciki ** 38-millimita (1-1/2-inch) filastik PVC zame-haɗin gwiwa P-tarkon *** da ** biyu matsa lamba zafi da sanyi braided faucet wadata Lines *. A cikin mintuna kaɗan na nutsewar da ke rataye ta hanyar famfo, ƙwayayen magudanar rataye na roba da ke ratayewa (zubar da ruwa a tsaye cikin majalisar), kebul ɗin lantarki a ƙasan * zubar da shara (waste disposer) yana miƙewa, kuma ɗigon ruwan zafi da sanyi da aka matse a bangon baya ana juyar da su ƙasa har sai sun tsattsage ko su tsinke a cikin bangon. Daidai da haɗari, na halitta ** granite da dutsen marmara *** suna da tsarin jijiyoyin ma'adinai mai rauni tare da kunkuntar ** 5- zuwa 8-centimeter (2- zuwa 3-inch) dutsen gaba da na baya "rails" a kusa da yanke nutsewa ** kuma a kan maras goyan baya ** karin kumallo-bar overhangs **: idan yaro yana zaune a kan overhang ko wani kabu na 75kis, 75kis. dutse *** na iya yanke tsafta tare da fissure na halitta (fissure vein ko shigar tsatsa rodder bar) da kuma sauke ƙafafu da ƙafafu. Idan ɗigon ruwa na ƙasa ya faɗo daga dutsen ko dutsen dutsenku yana fashe, goyi bayan nauyi daga ƙasa nan da nan, duba mu fashe bututu jagorar ware gaggawa, mu jagorar aminci na lantarki da na inji mai zubar da shara, da mu jagorar lalacewa da rushewa, kuma ku kiyaye gida lambobin gaggawa a shirye idan dutsen da ke faɗowa ya haifar da raunuka.

Kada ku isa ƙasa a cikin wani rami da aka sauke don cire magudanar magudanar ruwa idan nauyin hannunku zai iya tura magudanar ruwan rataye ya wuce wurin karyewar bututun ruwa da ke ƙasa, kuma **kada ku taɓa yin ja jiki-na farko a cikin ma'ajiya a ƙarƙashin tulin simintin ƙarfe mara tudun ruwa ko fashe-fashe na dutse **. Haɓaka kasan kwandon ruwa daga wajen majalisar zartarwa ta amfani da littafai da aka tattara, tubalan katako, jakin almakashi na mota, ko guga mai lita 20 (gallon-5) tukuna.

Yi wannan yanzu¶

1. KADA KADA KADA KADA KA jingina kan tebur ko tura ƙasa a cikin kwandon ruwa. Idan magudanar ruwa yana rataye ne da siririyar tarkon magudanar ruwa da ruwan famfo, sanya kai da ƙirjinka a cikin ma'aikatun ƙarƙashin ** 45-kilogram (laba 100) idan robobin da aka jefar da ƙarfe ko wuta. P-trap slip nut yana barin lokacin da kake ƙarƙashinsa.
2. ** Zazzage ingantaccen tallafi na tsaye na ɗan lokaci (stack of thick books, scrap 2x4/4x4 wood blocks, an inverted 20-liter / 5-gallon bucket, a sturdy toolbox, or a car scissor jack) a karkashin kwano da kuma ƙarƙashin kasan zubar da shara nan da nan.** Yin aiki daga gaban bude majalisar da hannuwanku kawai, zame wani tari na hardbound littattafai, kankare pavers, itace blocks, ko inji mota jack karkashin mafi ƙasƙanci batu na nutse kwanon rufi (da na biyu tari a karkashin nauyi cylindrical ** shara zubar da kaya blockward kashi na matattu daga cikin matattu gidaje ** 0) bututun famfo.
3. Kashe bawul ɗin tsayawar ruwa mai zafi da sanyi a ƙarƙashin kwandon ruwa, sannan a cire kayan dattin (ko jujjuya na'urar da za a iya kashewa) Lokacin da ruwan da ke ƙarƙashin dutsen ya faɗi, faucet ɗin kicin (idan an ɗaura shi a kan bene maimakon dutsen dutse) yana sauke tare da shi, tare da danna ** zafi da sanyi a kan layin samar da ruwan sanyi daga bangon bango. Juya duka biyun ** Zafi (hagu)** da ** Sanyi (dama)** kashe bawul ɗin rufe agogon agogo zuwa ** KASHE ***, kuma ** cire igiyar wutar lantarki ta zubar da shara ** don haka wayoyi masu tsauri ko ɗigowar ruwan kwata-kwata ba za su iya ƙarfafa kwandon kwandon ƙarfe ba a. 120V / 230V.
4. Bail ruwan kwano daga cikin kwandon da aka zubar ta amfani da kofin filastik ko tukunya a cikin guga ko bayan gida; KADA KA ja magudanar ruwa idan P-trap ɗin da ke ƙasa ya rabu. Kowane lita na ruwa na tsaye a cikin kwandon yana ƙara ** kilo 1 (kilo 2.2)** na kaya. Idan nutsewa ya faɗi fiye da ** milimita 15 (½ inch), a kwance ** wutsiya ko zubar da gwiwar hannu ya ciro daga mashin haɗin gwiwa akan P-tarkon da ke ƙasa; ja ma'aunin sink ɗin zai zubar da lita 20 (gallon 5) na ruwa mai kauri kai tsaye zuwa saman falon majalisar. Yi belin ruwan daga sama tare da tukunya ko rigar busasshen shago.
5. ** Idan kunkuntar dutsen dutse / marmara "dogon gaba" a gaban ramin yana tsagewa ko kuma wani shingen karin kumallo mai tsayi yana raguwa: share kujeru / stools daga ƙasa nan da nan kuma yada overhang tare da tsaye. 2x4 T-shores.** Dutsen halitta yana auna ** 75 zuwa 85 kilogiram a kowace murabba'in mita (fam 15 zuwa 17 a kowace ƙafar murabba'in mita)** don daidaitaccen ** 30-millimita (3 cm / 1-1/4-inch)** lallashi. Idan tsaga ya buɗe a kan shingen karin kumallo mara tallafi, matsar da yara da stool daga nan da nan sannan a yanke biyu a tsaye 2x4 ginshiƙan katako da aka ɗaure tare da kwance 2x4 madogaran kai (T-shore) tsakanin bene da kasan dutsen dutse.
6. **Kada kayi ƙoƙarin "sake-manne" nutsewar da ta faɗo ta amfani da caulk silicone ko epoxy manne gammaye ba tare da ƙara maƙallan tallafin ƙarfe na inji ba. Lokacin sake tabbatar da magudanar ruwa, dole ne ku goyi bayan kwandon da injina ta amfani da ** karkashin-sink na goyan bayan karfe (Sink Setter / Undermount Sink Brackets), 2x4 Katangar bangon majalisar, ko sandunan goyan bayan ƙarfe na telescoping ** ban da sabon silin siliki 100%.

Bishiyar yanke shawara: Bambance-bambancen gaggawa don nutsewar da ke ƙarƙashin dutsen da aka faɗo¶

Yi amfani da wannan bishiyar yanke shawara don daidaita nutsewar da aka zubar ko dutsen dutse mai tsagewa ba tare da fasa bututun ruwa da aka matsa ba ko fama da rauni.

flowchart TD
    Start["Undermount Sink Dropping Away From Countertop OR Granite/Quartz Slab Cracking"] --> FailureMode{"1. Wane gazawar tsarin ne ke faruwa a yanzu?"}

    FailureMode -->|"A. Undermount Sink Basin Has Dropped or Tilted Downward (Gap visible between sink rim and bottom of stone)"| SinkDrop["NUTSUWA NAN TAKE: 1. KADA KA sanya kai/jikinka a karkashin ruwan wanka 2. Littattafai na zamewa, bulogin katako, guga 20 L, ko jakin mota a ƙarƙashin kwano da zubar da shara."]

    FailureMode -->|"B. Granite/Marble Front Sink Rail yana Fasa KO Tantanin Ruwan Tumatir/Nauyi Mai Buɗe Kabu"| RailCrack["RASHIN DOGON DUNIYAR DUNIYA: 1. Hare kwandon ruwa daga ƙasan FARKO don haka ratayewa ya daina jan dogon dutsen da ya fashe zuwa ƙasa."]

    FailureMode -->|"C. Rataye Barkin Karfin kumallo / Tsibiri Cantilever Slab yana Fasa ko Sagging"| OverhangCrack["M SLAB GUILLOTINE HAZARD (75+ kg / 165+ lb na dutse): 1. Share duk barstools, yara, da dabbobin gida daga karkashin overhang YANZU 2. Gina 2 a tsaye 2x4 T-gaba daga kasa zuwa kasa na dutse 3. Tef saman fashe tare da nauyi bututu tef."]

    SinkDrop --> BailWater{"2. Shin akwai ruwa a tsaye ko jita-jita a cikin magudanar ruwa?"}
    RailCrack --> BailWater

    BailWater -->|"EE: Ruwa/jita-jita a cikin kwano"| EmptyFromTop["Cire jita-jita da ruwan beli daga sama tare da tukunya ko rigar-vac (KADA KA ja magudanar ruwa idan haɗin haɗin P-trap a ƙasa ya ja baya)"]
    BailWater -->|"A'a: Basin fanko"| InspectPlumb["Duba P-trap slip nut, takalman roba na zubar da shara, da layukan samar da zafi/sanyi don zubewa."]
    EmptyFromTop --> InspectPlumb

    InspectPlumb --> PermFix["GYARA MECHANICAL (KADA KA TSAYA KADAI): 1. Cire haɗin P-trap & zubar 2. Cire tsohuwar siliki daga dutse & flange nutse da ragewa da acetone / barasa 3. Aiwatar da 100% RTV Silicone Bead 4. Jack nutse flush & kulle dindindin tare da Karfe 2 Cradle Brackets, Cradlex Brackets"]

Me yasa nutsewar nutsewa ba zato ba tsammani bayan shekaru 3 zuwa 10: Hanyoyin gazawar inji guda 4¶

A cikin babban dutse (drop-in) nutsewa, faffadan bakin karfen ya tsaya akan * saman* na countertop, don haka nauyi ya tura mashin din a kan mashin. A cikin * nutsewar dutsen ƙasa , nauyi yana jan ** gaba ɗaya 45- zuwa 80-kilogram (100- zuwa 175-laba) da aka ɗora nauyi na tafki, ruwa, jita-jita, da zubar da datti mai girgiza madaidaiciya ** ƙasa* daga ƙasan dutsen.

Tsayar da matakin gaggawa na mataki-mataki: Juyawa nutsewar nutsewa zuwa daren yau¶

Idan nutsewar gindin ku ya faɗi ** 1 zuwa 5 centimeters (½ zuwa 2 inci)** a ɗaya ko duka bangarorin biyu, bi wannan jerin don sauƙaƙa damuwa akan bututun famfo ɗin ku kuma ja magudanar ruwa a baya a kan countertop:

Mataki 1: De-Energize, Kashe Ruwa, kuma Cire Haɗin P-Trap (minti 0 zuwa 10)¶

1. ** Prop the Basin Farko:** Zamar da tarin litattafai, tubalan katako, ko bokitin lita 20 (gallon-5) mai jujjuyawa a ƙarƙashin kwanonin kwanon rufi daga ƙofofin gaban majalisar don haka kwandon baya faɗuwa gaba.
2. Cece Kashe Sharar kuma Kashe Bawul ɗin Ruwa: Cire igiyar zubar da shara daga mashin ɗin da ke ƙarƙashinsa (ko jujjuya abin da ake zubarwa ** KASHE** a babban panel). Juya duka kusurwar ruwan zafi da sanyi yana tsayawa kusa da agogo zuwa ** KASHE *** idan an ja famfo ko bututun mai.
3. Sake Kwayoyin Zamewar Filastik-Haɗin Gwiwar Haɗin Kan P-Tarkon Kafin Kashe Ruwa:
4. Lokacin da nutsewar ya faɗi santimita 3, ya kori wut ɗin magudanar ruwa a tsaye zuwa ƙasa ta cikin goro mai zamewa (ko fidda shi a kusurwa).
5. **Idan kayi kokarin jack nutse baya UP ba tare da sassauta P-trap slip-joint kwayoyi da farko **, madaidaicin bututun magudanar ruwa na PVC zai ɗaure kuma ** ɗaukar filastik P-trap ko zubar da shara.
6. Sanya kwanon rufi a ƙarƙashin tarkon P, cire manyan manyan filastik guda biyu ** ɓangarorin ɓacin rai ** da hannu (1 full turn counterclockwise), kuma bari P-tarkon ya yi lilo kyauta don nutsewa ya iya motsawa sama da kyau.

Mataki na 2: Tsaftace Rata da Jack Ruwan Ruwa ta Amfani da Almakashi Jack ko 2x4 Matsar Bar (minti 10 zuwa 25)¶

Kuna da hanyoyi guda biyu don ɗaga nutse mai nauyi mai nauyin kilo 45 (laba 100) a hankali sama da kasan teburin dutse:

Hanyar A: Motar Scissor Jack + Wood Spreader Board (Daga ƙasa)¶

1. Dawo da ** na'urar dunƙule almakashi** daga gangar jikin motar ku.
2. Sanya yanki lebur 2x6 katako ko plywood mai kauri (30 cm / 12 in dogo) fadin kasan bene na majalisar nutsewa don haka jack din baya buga ta cikin allo na majalisar.
3. Saita jakin almakashi a kan allo na ƙasa, sanya ** toshe katako na biyu (padded with a folded towel** a saman jack head yana zagaya saman lebur ƙasa na kwanon kwanon rufi (ko gadar tsakiyar tsakanin kwano biyu; ** KADA KADA KADA kai tsaye a kan kwandon magudanar ruwa na tagulla **, wanda zai toshe ƙasan nutse).
4. Mayar da jack ɗin almakashi a hankali a hankali a hankali har sai bakin ɗigon ruwa ya latsa da kyau a ƙasan countertop ɗin dutse.

Hanyar B: Kan-da-counter 2x4 + Rigar Dakatar Dakatar Ratchet (Daga Sama)¶

1. Tsaya mai ƙarfi 2x4 katako (90 to 120 cm / 3 to 4 feet dogo, sanye da tawul a gefensa) lebur a saman ** saman countertop** wanda ya zagaya daidai tsakiyar yankan sink.
2. Maɗaɗɗen madauri mai ɗaure ƙasa ko igiya na nylon ɗin lanƙwasa ** ƙasa ta buɗaɗɗen ramin magudanar ruwa, ƙarƙashin ɗan gajeren gajere. 2x4 sandar jujjuyawar da aka sanya a kwance a ƙarƙashin ramin magudanar ruwa, da baya sama sama 2x4 katako. Danna madaidaicin ratchet yana ɗaga nutsewa ba tare da wahala ba daga sama kuma yana riƙe shi a kulle sosai a ƙarƙashin dutsen yayin da hannuwanku biyu ba su da 'yanci a cikin majalisar.

3 Tsarukan gyare-gyare na injina na dindindin waɗanda ba za su taɓa barin gangaren dutsen da ke ƙasan ku ta sake faɗuwa ba¶

Da zarar kun goge duk wani tsohon siliki daga duka ** saman flange na ɓangarorin nutse ** da ** ƙarƙashin dutsen countertop **, goge saman duka biyun ba tare da mai ba tare da * barasa mai ƙima ko acetone **, kuma a yi amfani da ci gaba ** 10-millimita (3/8-inch) bead na 100% tsaka tsaki-cure RTV Kitchen & Bath Silicone Sealant ** a kusa da bakin ramin kafin a rufe shi da dutsen, kulle kwandon ruwa a wurin dindindin ta amfani da ɗayan waɗannan tsarin tallafi guda uku:

Tsarin 1: Daidaitacce Karfe Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Taimakon Rails ("Sink Setter" / Cross-Bar Brackets)¶

• Biyu telescoping ** foda mai rufi ko galvanized karfe sanduna ** span gaba-da-baya ko hagu-zuwa-dama tsakanin m ** 19-millimita (3/4-inch) bangon majalisa na tsaye**, yana wucewa kai tsaye ƙarƙashin leɓan hagu da dama na kwanon nutse.
• Da zarar an dunkule cikin bangon majalisar, sai ku jujjuya hadedde ** ƙulli masu daidaitawa ** sama har sai sun danna kan ƙasan bakin ramin, kulle kwanon rufin a cikin shimfiɗar jaririn ƙarfe wanda aka kimanta na kilo 180+ (fam 400)**.

Tsarin 2: Custom 2x4 Lumber Ledger Frame wanda aka zana zuwa bangon gefen majalisar ministoci ($8 DIY Carpenter's Fix)¶

1. Auna nisa na gaba-da-baya a cikin ma'aunin tushe na sink ɗinku tare da bangon bangon bangon majalisa na hagu da dama a tsaye ** dama a tsayin gindin kwandon ruwa (flange).
2. Yanke tsayi biyu na 2x4 katako na katako (or 19 mm / 3/4-inch plywood strips* don dacewa a kwance tare da hagu da dama na ciki na bangon majalisar, an lullube shi da kyau a ƙarƙashin gefen hagu da dama na gefen ramin.
3. Fitar ** hudu zuwa shida tsarin tsarin itace ** ta kowane 2x4 ledar ledar a cikin m ** bangon bangon majalisar ministoci da ginshiƙan ƙirar kusurwa *** (pre-drill pilot holes and check screw length so screws do not poke out an exposed cabinet end panel).
4. Don babban simintin simintin ƙarfe ko simintin wuta, yanke biyu a tsaye 2x4 ingarma kafafu (Jack Studs) yana tsaye akan falon majalisar wanda aka murɗa a ƙarƙashin kwance 2x4 gefe cleats.

System 3: Telescoping Under-Sink Turnbuckle Support Poles (Undermount Sink Legs)¶

• Hudu daidaitacce ** bakin karfe ko igiyoyin telescoping na aluminium ** wedge tsakanin ** kasa a cikin sasanninta na bene / bangon majalisar *** da ** kusurwoyi huɗu na ƙasa na bakin ruwa ***. Juya ganga juzu'i na tsakiya yana faɗaɗa kowane sandar sanda kamar ƙaramin mashin jack.

Fatsa dutsen dutse, marmara, ko ma'adini na karin kumallo-masha overhangs: Tsarin cantilever dokokin da gaggawa shoring¶

Gaggawa na gaggawa na dutse mai barazanar rai na biyu yana faruwa lokacin da ** sama da ƙasa mara tallafi (cantilever*** a tsibiri na dafa abinci ko mashaya abincin karin kumallo na tsibiri yana samun tsinkewar gashin gashi ko kuma ya fara karkata zuwa ƙasa.

The Physics na Brittle Stone Cantilevers (Me ya sa overhangs Snap Ba tare da Gargaɗi)¶

Ba kamar itace ko karfe (waɗanda suke lanƙwasa a bayyane da creak kafin watsewa), na halitta ** granite, marmara, sabulun sabulu, quartzite, da ma'adinan injiniyoyi ** suna da ma'adanai masu ƙarfi ** tare da ƙarfin matsawa amma ** ƙarancin ƙarfi (ƙarfin ƙarfi).flexural modulus of rupture often 8 to 18 MPa / 1,200 to 2,600 psi tare da jijiyoyin dabi'a). - Karkashin Natural Stone Institute (NSI) Jagoran Tsarin Dutsen Dimension *** da ƙayyadaddun injiniyan masana'anta na quartz: - A ** 20-milimita (2 cm / 3/4-inchDutsen dutse ** ba zai iya amintaccen cantilever sama da ** 15 zuwa 20 santimita (inci 6 zuwa 8) wuce akwatin majalisar ba tare da ginshiƙan ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko ƙaramin bene na plywood ba. - A ** 30-milimita (3 cm / 1-1/4-inchgranite ko quartz slab ba zai iya amintaccen cantilever sama da 25 zuwa 30 santimita (inci 10 zuwa 12) (and fragile veined marble no more than 15 cm / 6 inches) ba tare da ** ma'auni mai nauyi na tsarin ƙarfe L-bangaye ko sandunan goyan bayan ƙarfe na ɓoye (lebur)minimum 12 mm / 1/2-inch thick steel*** ana yin sarari kowane ** 45 zuwa 60 centimeters (inci 18 zuwa 24). - Lokacin da aka shigar da shingen karin kumallo mai tsawon santimita 38 zuwa 45 (15- zuwa 18-inch) ba tare da shingen ƙarfe ba kuma wani ya jingina ko ya zauna a gefen, damuwa mai ƙarfi tare da saman fuskar dutsen inda ya ketare bangon majalisar ya wuce ƙarfin jijiya, kuma ** 60- zuwa 110-kilogram (130- zuwa 250 na gilashin kashe gilashi) wuta.

Shoing kai tsaye don Fasasshen Countertop overhang¶

1. **Fitar da Wurin Sauke Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafa: ** Cire duk sandal, toshe wurin don haka yara da dabbobi ba za su iya yin rarrafe a ƙasa ba, kuma cire kayan aiki masu nauyi daga saman tebur.
2. ** Gina Biyu A tsaye 2x4 "T-shores" don Tallafawa Ƙarfafawa:**
3. Auna daga falon kicin har zuwa ƙasan dutsen da aka yi sama da ƙasa.
4. Yanke biyu a tsaye2x4 posts*(40 millimeters / 1.5 inches shorter fiye da wancan tsayin) da dunƙule a ** 60-centimeters (24-inch) a kwance 2x4 saman giciye ** lebur a saman kowane post kamar babban harafi T (brace the T-joint with diagonal wood blocks).
5. Pad saman kowanne T-shore tare da tawul ɗin da aka naɗe, ka tsaya su tsaye a ƙarƙashin tsagewar saman (30 centimeters / 12 inches inward from the outer edge), sannan ka matsa adawa ** shims na itace ** a ƙarƙashin kasan ginshiƙan tsaye a ƙasa har sai T-shores ɗaukar nauyin dutsen dutse ba tare da ɗaga shi sama da matakin ba.
6. Gyara Tsarin Dindindin (Boyayyen Ƙarfe Ko Ƙafafun Talla):
7. Don tsattsauran gashin gashi, ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren ƙwararren dutse zai iya allurar ** low-viscosity ratsa tsarin ginin epoxy ** a cikin fissure, murƙushe shi, zazzage tashoshi a cikin ƙasa don shigar da shingen ƙarfafa ƙarfe-ƙarfe ko fiberglass , da kuma kulle ** 12-millimita (1/2-inch) kauri tsarin karfe L-brackets ** a cikin ingartaccen katako na bangon tsibirin, ko shigar ** kafafun tallafi na dindindin biyu na dindindin (island columns* a kusurwoyi na waje zuwa kasa.

Lambobin gaggawa na yanki da ka'idojin hukumar¶

• Amurka da Kanada:
• **Tsarin Rayuwa, Rauni, ko Gaggawar Latsewar Jijiya ***: Kira 911 nan da nan idan dutsen dutsen dutse, marmara, ko ma'adini mai faɗowa ya rataye yaro ko babba, ko kuma idan nutsewar da aka zubar ta yage bututun ruwa da aka matsa daga bango kuma ya mamaye panel na lantarki.
• **Ka'idodin Dutse & Plumbing ***: Cibiyar Gudanar da Dutsen Halitta (Natural Stone Institute)NSI) * Littafin Tsarin Tsarin Dutsen Girma * (Babi na 13: buƙatar madaidaicin goyan bayan injiniyoyi don ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa da ginshiƙan tsarin don overhangs sama da inci 10 / 250 akan dutsen 3 cm) ***, ** IPC / UPC Lambobin Plumbing ***, da UL 430.
• ** United Kingdom:
• Ceton Gaggawa: Kira 999 (ko 112) don raunukan da ke barazana ga rayuwa ko ambaliya ta lantarki; kira NHS 111 don kimanta raunin da ba na gaggawa ba.
• Tsarin Aikin Aiki & Ka'idojin Bututun Ruwa : Hukumar Ƙungiyar Dutsen Biritaniya ke Gudanarwa da ** Dokokin Samar da Ruwa (Kayan Ruwa) 1999. A cikin Burtaniya, ƙarƙashin Dutsen Belfast/Butler yumbu nutsewa (35 to 50 kg empty) dole ne ya zauna a ** Tsarin katako mai ɗaukar katako (stud cradle gina a cikin rukunin tushe, ba a taɓa dakatar da shi daga saman aikin ta shirye-shiryen bidiyo ko manne kadai ba.
• ** Tarayyar Turai ***:
• Ayyukan Gaggawa: Kira 112 a duk ƙasashe membobin EU. Gudanarwa ta ** EN 1469 / EN 12058 (Slabs na Dutsen Dutse don Aiki)* da ** EN 13310 (Kitchen Sinks)**.
• ** Ostiraliya da New Zealand ***:
• Ayyukan Gaggawa: Kira 000 a Ostiraliya ko 111 a New Zealand.
• **Aiki Amintaccen Ostiraliya Injiniya Dokokin Dutsen Dutse & Dokokin Silica ***: Mai tasiri ** Yuli 1, 2024 , Ostiraliya ta hana kera, samarwa, da shigar da benchtops na dutsen dutsen silica.and strictly regulates cutting, grinding, or drilling of existing engineered quartz benchtops saboda m silicosis haɗarin cututtukan huhu daga silica crystalline respirable.RCS) kura. Kada a taɓa bushewa, niƙa, ko ramuka a cikin ma'adini na ma'adini ko granite benchtop don shigar da shirye-shiryen nutsewa; yi amfani da kullun ** babu-hawa-bakin katako-bangayen ƙarfe ko itace 2x4 zagi.
• **Indiya da Asiya-Pacific:
• Lambobin Gaggawa: Kira 112 a Indiya; 119 a Japan da Koriya ta Kudu; 995 in Singapore. A cikin dafa abinci na gargajiya na Indiya da kudu maso gabashin Asiya waɗanda aka gina tare da turmi ** granite/Cuddapah dutse yana goyan bayan**, duba gadon turmi a ƙarƙashin layin dogo na gaba.patti) ba a wanke ba; bakin teku tare da madogaran bulo ko bakin L-kusurwoyi idan sako-sako.

Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi¶

Kwancen kwandon kicin ɗina ya sauke inci 2 a gefe ɗaya: shin zai tsaga bututun ruwa daga bango idan ban tashi ba a yanzu?¶

Ee: da zarar faifan faifan epoxy ko hatimin siliki da ke riƙe da nutsewar ruwa ta kasa a gefe ɗaya, sauran shirye-shiryen bidiyo suna barewa da sauri kamar dominoes, suna barin duka nauyin 40- zuwa 70-kilogram (90- zuwa 150-laba) na kwandon ƙarfe ko simintin ƙarfe, zubar da shara, da ruwa mai tsaye suna rataye sosai daga bakin bakin ciki 3 (8-millimita 3).`1-1/2-inch`) filastik PVC P-trap da kuma bututun samar da famfo guda biyu. A cikin mintuna ko sa'o'i, ƙwayayen zamewar haɗin gwiwa na filastik akan magudanar ruwa suna ja da baya kuma yank ɗin ƙasa akan bututun da aka saka a nutse zai iya ɗaukar CPVC gaggautsa ko bawul ɗin tsayawa na tagulla a bango. Zamar da tarin litattafai, tubalan katako, guga mai lita 20 (gallon 5), ko jakin almakashi na mota a ƙarƙashin kwanukan nutse da zubar da shara nan da nan don ɗaukar kashi 100 na nauyi daga bututun.

Shin zan iya kawai tura kwale-kwale na da ya fadi sama sama in sake manna shi da Gorilla Glue, Nails na Liquid, ko caulk silicone?¶

A'a: Kada ku taɓa yin ƙoƙarin riƙe tudun dafa abinci na ƙasa ta amfani da manne ko caulk kaɗai, kuma kada ku taɓa amfani da manne mai faɗaɗa polyurethane (`Gorilla Glue`) ko abin da ake amfani da shi na gina jiki (`Liquid Nails`) a kan kwanon rufi. Fadada kumfa polyurethane mai kumfa zuwa cikin soso mai laushi wanda ke sha ruwa kuma ya kasa cikin makonni, yayin da tsayayyen adhesives na gini ya fashe a ƙarƙashin haɓakar zafi na tafasasshen ruwan taliya.`100 C / 212 F`) da girgizar shara. A cikin aikin injiniyan da ya dace (`Natural Stone Institute standards`), 100% RTV Silicone Sealant ana amfani dashi KAWAI azaman madaidaiciyar gasket mai hana ruwa tsakanin ramin ruwa da dutse, yayin da kashi 100 na nauyin tsarin dole ne a goyan bayan injina daga ƙasa ta amfani da sandunan giciye na ƙarfe (`Sink Setter` brackets), 2x4 katako masu dunƙule zuwa bangon gefen majalisar, ko ƙafafu masu goyan bayan telescoping.

Me yasa kunkuntar ratsin granite da ke gaban kwandon abinci na ke fashe a kwance kuma yana nuna tsatsa mai launin ruwan kasa?¶

Tsatsa a kwance tare da tabo mai launin tsatsa tare da kunkuntar 5- zuwa 8-centimeter (2- zuwa 3-inch) gaban ko baya na dogo na shingen nutse yana haifar da "rashin lalacewa" (`iron jacking`). Don ƙarfafa kunkuntar gadar dutse a kan buɗewar nutsewa yayin ƙirƙira, shagon ya yanke rami a cikin ƙasan granite kuma ya manna sandar ƙarfafa ƙarfe (`rodder bar`) cikin dutse. Yawancin masu ƙirƙira sun yi amfani da ƙarfe mara nauyi maras rufi maimakon bakin karfe ko fiberglass. Sama da shekaru 5 zuwa 10, danshi daga kabu da injin wanki da tururin tururi wanda ya ɓoye sandar ƙarfe; yayin da karfe ya juya zuwa tsatsa, yana fadada har zuwa kashi 600 a cikin girma, yana raba granite bude daga ciki zuwa waje. Keɓan kwal ɗin daga ƙasa nan da nan kuma a kira ƙwararren mai gyaran dutse don niƙa katako mai tsatsa, epoxy the fissure, da shigar da braket ɗin bangon majalisar ministoci.

Shin dole ne in cire haɗin magudanar famfo da kuma zubar da shara kafin in mayar da magudanar ruwa zuwa wurin?¶

Ee, dole ne ku sassauta ƙwayayen zamewar haɗin gwiwa a kan tarkon P-trap (kuma ku cire toshe shara) kafin kuɗa wani nutse da aka sauke baya har zuwa saman tebur. Lokacin da nutsewar ya faɗi santimita 2 zuwa 5, wutsiya mai magudanar ruwa a tsaye da hannun kwancen kwancen da ke fitowa daga shara an tilasta su zuwa ƙasa a kusurwar karkatacciyar hanya ta hanyar haɗin gwanon P-trap. Idan ka ƙulla jakin mota a ƙarƙashin kwatami don ɗaga shi sama ba tare da sassauta waɗancan kwayoyi na haɗin gwiwar filastik ba da farko, bututun magudanar ruwa na PVC zai ɗaure kuma ko dai ya fashe tarkon P-trap ko kuma ya hana ramin nutse daga latsawa a gefen gefen dutsen. Cire ƙwayayen zamewar P-trap juzu'i ɗaya don haka bututun suna zamewa da yardar rai, jack da maƙallan nutse cikin wuri, sannan sake ƙara P-trap goro.

Shin yana da lafiya a tona ramuka a cikin ƙasan ma'auni na ma'auni ko granite countertop don dunƙule cikin sabbin shirye-shiryen nutsewa?¶

A'a: Kada masu gida su taɓa yin rawar jiki a cikin ƙasan granite na 20-millimita ko 30-millimita, marmara, ko injin ma'adini na quartz don dalilai biyu. Na farko, hakowa ko da milimita 3 mai zurfi tare da masonry bit zai buga kai tsaye ta saman fuskar da aka goge ta saman tebur ɗin ku ko kuma ya fitar da wani rami a saman. Na biyu, busasshen hakowa ko niƙa injiniyoyin ma'adini da granite sama a cikin majalisar ministoci suna fitar da gizagizai masu guba na silica crystalline respirable (`RCS`) kura (`which causes irreversible silicosis lung disease`). Yi amfani da tsarin goyan bayan injin sifili, kamar daidaitacce karfen dogo na goyan baya ko 2x4 ledar katako, wanda ke murƙushe bangon katako na hagu da dama na ginin majalisar.

Nawa ne dutsen granite ko quartz na karin kumallo-bar overhang zai tsaya ya wuce kabad ɗin ba tare da maƙallan ƙarfe ba?¶

A cewar Cibiyar Dutsen Halitta (`NSI`Dimension Stone Design Manual da manyan masana'antun quartz, 30-millimita (`3 cm` / `1-1/4-inch`) granite ko quartz slab na iya aminta da wuce gona da iri da matsakaicin santimita 25 zuwa 30 (inci 10 zuwa 12) ba tare da ginshiƙan ƙarfe ba, idan har an sami goyan bayan aƙalla kashi biyu bisa uku na jimlar faɗin slab ɗin a kan kabad ɗin da ke bayan rataye. Don mafi ƙarancin milimita 20 (`2 cm` / `3/4-inch`) slats na dutse ko marmara mai jijiya, matsakaicin tsayin daka maras tallafi shine kawai santimita 15 (inci 6). Duk wani shingen karin kumallo da ya wuce santimita 30 zuwa 60 (inci 12 zuwa 24) dole ne a goyi bayan kowane santimita 45 zuwa 60 (inci 18 zuwa 24) da 12-millimita (`1/2-inch`) Ƙarfe mai kauri mai kauri L-bakin da aka makala a cikin ingarma ta bango ko ta kafafun goyan baya a tsaye zuwa ƙasa.

Jagora masu alaƙa¶

• Fashe bututu: babban rufewar ruwa nan da nan, amincin wutar lantarki, da matsawa na ɗan lokaci
• Matsar da shara, cire kayan waje, da rigakafin cutar da hannu
• Lalacewar tsari da rugujewa: ƙugiya, abubuwan da ke haifar da fitarwa, da kashe kayan aiki
• Rushewar ƙasan ƙasa, ruɓaɓɓen magudanan gidan wanka, da bahon wanka ko bandaki suna nutsewa ta ƙasa
• Jagorar lambobin gaggawa

Tushen da jagorar hukuma¶

• ** Cibiyar Duwatsu ta dabi'a (NSI / tsohuwar Cibiyar Marble ta Amurka - MIA):** * Jagoran Tsarin Dutsen Dimension, Babi na 13: Matsayin Shigarwa na Matsuguni & Kasuwanci (Buƙatun Tallafin Injin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafawa)
• Majalisar dokokin kasa da kasa (ICC) & Kungiyar Ma'aikatan Fasha da Injin Injiniya ta Duniya (IAPMO): Lambar bututun ruwa na kasa da kasa (IPC) Sashe na 418 / Lambar Kayayyakin Ruwa (UPC) Sashe na 402 (Taimakon Gyaran Fasho, Taimakon Taimako akan Samar da Bututun Ruwa) Countering Piping.
• Aiki Amintacce Ostiraliya & Hukumar Kula da Lafiya ta Ma'aikata ta Amurka (OSHA): Haramcin Amfani da Dutsen Injiniya / Silica Mai Rarrafe (RCS) Haɗarin Kura yayin Yanke, Niƙa, ko Haƙon Quartz da Granite Countertops (29 CFR 1926.1153).
• Stone Federation Great Britain: Natural Stone & Quartz Worktops: Code of Practice for Design, Support of Undermounted Belfast/Ceramic Sinks, and Overhang Structural Brackets.
• ** Societyungiyar Injin Injiniya ta Amurka (ASME):** * ASME A112.19.3 / CSA B45.4 (Bakin Karfe Plumbing Fixtures) da ASME A112.19.1 (Enameled Cast Iron da Fireclay Kitchen Sink Loads)*.