Go Tshwara ga Motšhini wa Mofokisi wa Onto: Go Thunya ga Khapasitara le Mosi mo Diphaephe tsa HVAC¶

A tshwerwe ontong blower enjene kapa phatloha matha capacitor bōpa hang-hang ka hare tikoloho mathata ka ho pompa kitlane, acrid mosi ka kotloloho ka lapeng phepelo ducts. Dithulaganyo tsa go thuthafatsa ka mowa o o patelediwang, go tsenya mowa le go tsidifatsa mowa (HVAC) di ikaegile ka kelelo ya mowa e e tswelelang pele ya convective go ralala dielemente tsa go thuthafatsa kgotsa diphapanyetsano tsa mogote tsa setšhisi go anamisa mowa o o tsidifaditsweng. Fa kokoano ya blower e ema, mafaratlhatlha a kabo a diphaephe tsa bogareng a fetoga go nna peipi e e nang le matswela ya go isa enamel ya terata e e botlhole e e mouwane, dilogetsi tsa dibering tse di mouwane le diedi tsa dielectric tse di thunyang.

The mechine fisiks ya motlakase enjene hloleha hlahisa matla localized futhumatsang ka hare ho moea handler khabinete. Leruri arohana capacitor (PSC) le eleketeroniki fetolwa dienjini (ECM) hula notletsweng-rotor amperage ha dibering mechine hapa kapa tsamaisa capacitors hloleha. Locked-rotor jwale matha makgetlo a mararo ho tse tsheletseng phahameng ho feta tlwaelehileng feletseng-mojaro sebetsa amperage. Morwalo o o feteletseng ono wa motlakase o dira gore dithemphoritšhara tsa stator di nne kwa godimo ga didikirii tsa Celsius di le 200 (didikirii tsa Fahrenheit di le 392) mo metsotsong e se kae fela, mme seno se bola se se thibelang varnish ya maitirelo le go tshosetsa melelo ya khabinete ya motlakase.

Ka nako e le nngwe, tahlehelo ya convective mocheso tloswa haholo tshosetsa khase ontong sebopeho botšepehi. Ka blower e eme, di-burner tsa gase tse di dirang di tswelela go thunya go fitlha di-switšhi tsa pabalesego tse di kwa godimo tsa selekanyo se se rileng fa go na le mogote o o feteletseng. Go ema tsi ga phefo go dira gore dithemphoritšhara tsa tshipi di nne kwa godimo ga didikirii tsa Celsius di le 500 (didikirii tsa Fahrenheit di le 932), go sokama ga ditlhako le go phanyega ga disele tsa tshipi. Diphatlha tseno tsa mogote di dira gore khabonemonokosaete e e bolayang e tsene mo moweng wa mo ntlong, mme seno se dira gore go nne le maatla a a kgaogantsweng ka bonako.

Dira se jaanong¶

1. Fetola switšhi ya gago ya mokgwa wa themosetate ya mo ntlong go OFF ka bonako go fedisa pitso ya motlakase wa 24-volt wa motlakase o o kwa tlase wa go thuthafatsa kgotsa go tsidifatsa.
2. Tima switšhi e e kgethegileng ya go kgaola motlakase wa onto, e gantsi e tsenngwang jaaka switšhi ya go fetoga e e nang le sefatlhego se sehibidu mo letlhakoreng le le kwa ntle la khabinete ya onto kgotsa setlhomeso sa lebota se se bapileng.
3. Trip le onto le moea handler oa potoloho breaker ka hao ka sehloohong motlakase kabo phanele ho netefatsa feletseng phahameng-gagamalo matla itšehla thajana.
4. Fudusa batho botlhe ba ba nnang mo ntlong le diruiwa tsa mo gae go ya kwa moweng o o phepa wa kwa ntle fa letobo le le bonalang kgotsa mosi o o bogale, o o nkgang dikhemikale o baka go tenega ga go hema kgotsa go tlhaba matlho, go supa dinomoro tsa tshoganyetso.
5. Bula difensetere le mabati a kwa ntle go kgabaganya legae go tlhoma mowa wa tlholego o o kgabaganyang, go phepafatsa mosi o o botlhole o o tlhotlhoregang mo mafelong a bonno.
6. Hlahloba dialamo tsohle tsa khabonemonokosaete tsa matlo ho netefatsa boemo ba boleng ba moya ba zero-ppm, letsetsa ditshebeletso tsa tshohanyetso hanghang haeba alamo efe kapa efe e tsosa.
7. Boloka mabati a khabinete ya onto a tswetswe ho fihlela ho itlhaola ha matla a motlakase o phahameng ho netefatswa ka sesupo sa motlakase se sa amaneng se lekanyeditsweng.

Tšhate ya kelelo ya go tlhatlhoba go palelwa ga sefofane sa HVAC¶

flowchart TD
    A["Monkgo o o Fisang kgotsa Mosi o o Tswang mo Diphatlhaneng tsa Tlamelo"] --> B["Fetola Mokgwa wa Themosetate go TIMA ka bonako"]
    B --> C["Kgaola Maatla a Motlakase o o Kwa Godimo kwa Switšhing ya Founce"]
    C --> D["Sethubi sa Sekete sa Onto ya Trip mo Phaneleng e Kgolo"]
    D --> E["Tlhomamisa Motlakase wa Lefela ka Setlhatlhobi se se sa Amaneng"]
    E --> F["Tlosa Lebati la go Tsena mo Khabineteng ya Sefokisi"]
    F --> G{"Tlhatlhoba Boemo jwa Sebopego sa Run Capacitor"}
    G -->|"Bogodimo jo bo Buduleng, Mowa o o Thubegileng, kgotsa Oli e e Dutlang"| H["Go Thunya ga Khapasitara: Emisetsa ka Yuniti e e Lekantsweng"]
    G -->|"Kgetsi e e sa senngwang, ga e na go sokamisiwa ga sepe"| I{"Teko ya go Dikolosa Leotwana ka Dowel ya Logong"}
    I -->|"Go Dikologa ga Mahala, Go sa Dikologe go go Borethe"| J["Go Khutshwafala ga Motlakase kgotsa go Retelelwa ga Relei"]
    I -->|"Go Thata, go Lotlelwa, kgotsa go Kganela go Sila"| K["Go Tshwara ga Dibering tsa Metšhini: Emisetsa Motšhini"]
    H --> L["Tlhatlhoba Sefetoledi sa Mogote go bona Maphanyego a Mogote"]
    J --> L
    K --> L

Thulaganyo ya mmele le bomekheniki jwa boenjenere jwa ditshwaro tsa mowa tsa HVAC¶

An moea handler kapa khase ontong blower kopano mesebetsi e le pneumatic tsamaiso e khopo ea bolulo qobelloa-moea kaho. Kopano ya metšhini e nna mo teng ga kamore ya mowa e e boelang ya khabinete ya onto, e e tswaletsweng ke diphanele tsa tshipi tse di ntshiwang tse di nang le di-switch tsa go tswalela tsa pabalesego. Tsamaiso e akaretsa enjene e e tsamaisang motlakase, leotwana la go foka la centrifugal le le kobegileng kwa pele, ntlo ya momeno, capacitor ya go tsamaya le boto ya taolo ya eleketeroniki.

Ditofo tsa bonno di dirisa dipolane tse pedi tsa konokono tsa dikoloi tsa motlakase: dikoloi tsa induction tsa capacitor e e kgaoganeng ya leruri (PSC) le dikoloi tse di fetolwang ka eleketeroniki tsa motlakase o o tlhamaletseng tse di senang borashe (ECM). PSC dienjini ke legato le le lengwe fapanyetsana jwale induction mechine. Hobane e le 'ngoe-mohato fapanyetsana jwale hlahisa pulsating ho ena le ho potoloha makenete tšimo, PSC dienjini hloka bobeli thusa qala matsoelang para ka letoto la lihlooho tse le tsoelang pele-mosebetsi matha capacitor. The capacitor bōpa 90-likhato motlakase legato phetoho pakeng tsa ka sehloohong matha matsoelang le thusang qala matsoelang, ho theha potoloha makenete stator tšimo hlokehang ho qala le ho boloka rotor potoloha.

The matha capacitor e na le tse peli tse tshesane haholo maqephe a aluminiamo-tšepe polypropylene filimi leqeba ka thata silindara moqolo, qoela ka dielectric kwahelang oli ka hare ho hermetically tiisitsoe aluminiamo kanister. Dipilara tsa theminale di tswa ka tlhogo ya resin ya phenolic mo godimo ga canister, e e kwadilweng Common, Fan, le Hermetic mo di-capacitor tse di dikgolokwe tse pedi. Tswelela pele legato displacement boloka tsitsitseng enjene torque ha a ntse a lokisa mabaka a motlakase matla nakong tshebetso.

Shafote ya enjene e kopana ka tlhamalalo le leotwana la go foka la centrifugal le le kobegileng kwa pele, le le bidiwang ka puo ya tlwaelo lesaka la squirrel. Di-blade tse di nang le maatla a mowa tse di tsenngwang fa gare ga di-ring tsa tshipi tse di nang le setempe di gogela mowa o o boelang kwa teng mme di o potlakisa go ya kwa ntle. Fa rotor e ntse e dikologa ka ditikologo di le 800 go ya go di le 1 200 ka motsotso, maatla a centrifugal a tlhotlheletsa mowa go ya kwa ntle ka radial ka ntlo ya momeno wa tshipi e e atologa e e tshekeletsa.

Kgatelelo ya mowa e e tlhagisiwang ke maatla a momeno e busetsa mowa go kgabaganya sefetoledi sa mogote sa onto ka nako ya dipotologo tsa go thuthafatsa tsa mariga, kgotsa go kgabaganya khoele ya mowafatsi wa setsidifatsi sa mowa ka nako ya dipotologo tsa tsidifatso ya selemo. Sekgala sa motšhini se se fa gare ga ditlhale tsa lesaka la squirrel tse di dikologang le poleiti ya go kgaola momeno se lekanya fela dimilimitara di le 6 go ya go di le 12 (disentimetara di le 0,24 go ya go di le 0,47). Go fapoga gope fela ga šafote, go onala ga dibering, kgotsa go sokama ga mogote go dira gore leotwana la tshipi le iteele ntlo e e sa tshikhinyeng, go dira medumo e e bogale ya go lela pele ga go tshwarwa ke motšhini go go feletseng go diragala.

Tlhokomelo ya filthara ya mowa e tlhotlheletsa ka tlhamalalo botshelo jo boleele jwa enjene ya sefofane le dithemphoritšhara tsa go dira. Phahameng-MERV pleated ditlhotlhi tse ba tletse ka lapeng diphoofolo tsa lapeng moriri le drywall lerole hlahisa matla static kgatello marotholi ho pholletsa le blower kamoreng. Tlala eno ya kelelo ya mowa e pateletsa ditlhako tsa dihoko tsa squirrel tse di kobegileng kwa pele go dira mo lefelong le le tlhakatlhakaneng la mowa, mme seno se oketsa dithemphoritšhara tsa go dira ga dikoloi ka didikirii tsa Celsius di le 15 go ya go di le 25 (didikirii di le 27 go ya go di le 45 tsa Fahrenheit). Phahameng tshebetso dithemphereitjha hlollang potlakisa matha capacitor dielectric robeha le mowafala letsoho behang lubricants lilemo pele ho tlwaelehileng moralo bophelo.

Fisika ya go palelwa ga di-capacitor le go thunya ga motlakase¶

Matha capacitors hloleha ka tsoelang pele motlakase le mogote dielectric robeha. Di-dielectric tsa filimi ya polypropylene di lekanya di-micrometer di le 4 go ya go di le 8 fela ka botelele. Tlasa tshebetso e tlwaelehileng e fapaneng ya motlakase, dielectric e mamella kgatello e tswelang pele ya tšimo ya motlakase e fetang 50 ho isa ho 80 volts ka micrometer.

Capacitor Operational State   Internal Pressure Level   Dielectric Integrity    Physical Casing Condition
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Normal Operating State        0.5 to 1.0 bar (7 to 15 psi) Full Capacitance (+/- 5%) Flat metal top, sealed terminals
Thermal Degradation Phase     1.5 to 2.5 bar (22 to 36 psi) Capacitance loss 10-20%  Slight dome convexity
Terminal Overpressure State   3.0 to 5.0 bar (44 to 73 psi) Complete dielectric short Distended top, popped bellows
Catastrophic Casing Rupture   > 6.0 bar (> 87 psi)         Blown open / vented     Seam blowout, scorched oil mist

Mong le e mong mogote potoloho, gagamalo phahama, le legadima nakwana induces liketsahalo tsa maekerosekopo self-pholiso ka hare ho capacitor. Fa ditlhako tsa motlakase o o kwa godimo di phunya filimi ya polypropylene, go dira gore go nne le di-arcing tsa motlakase tse di mo lefelong le le rileng go dira gore lera le le sesane thata la aluminiamo le nne mouwane go dikologa lefelo la go phunya, mme seno se dira gore phoso e nne kwa thoko. Le fa go iphodisa go boloka tiro ya nakwana ya capacitor, diketekete tsa di-micro-punctures tse di ipoeletsang di ja lefelo la boalo jwa aluminiamo ka iketlo, di fokotsa capacitance yotlhe e e kwa tlase ga kgotlelelo ya go dira ga motlhagisi ya diperesente di le 5 tsa go oketsa kgotsa go fokotsa.

Jaaka fa capacitance e wela tlase, phetogo ya legato la motlakase e a senyega. The blower enjene hula feteletseng jwale, matha chesang le radiating mogote matla morao ho ea ho capacitor tlhomamiso lesakana. Fa dithemphoritšhara tse di mo tikologong mo teng ga phaposi ya sefokisi di feta didikirii tsa Celsius di le 70 go ya go di le 85 (didikirii di le 158 go ya go di le 185), oli e e thibelang motlakase e a bola, mme e ntsha mouwane wa gase ya haeterokhabone o o tshwanang le haeterojene, methane le ethylene.

Go kokoanngwa ga mouwane ka fa gare go oketsa kgatelelo ya hydrostatic mo teng ga canister ya aluminiamo. Morao-rao capacitors akarelletsa ka hare kgatello-bosisi mokhoa oa interruptor. Fa kgatelelo ya ka fa gare e ntse e tlhatloga, sekhurumetso se se kwa godimo sa aluminiamo se se fetofetogang se atologela kwa ntle go nna dome e e tlhaolegileng e e tshophodi. Katoloso ena ya mechine e tabola dithapo tsa kgokelo tsa ka hare, e kgaola elemente ya capacitor ho tswa ho di-lugs tsa theminale pele ho phatloha ha casing ho etsahala.

Fa sethibela sa ka fa gare se palelwa ke go kgaogana ka phepafalo, kgotsa fa khutshwane e e tseneletseng e e suleng e fapoga mokgwa wa pabalesego, kgatelelo ya ka fa gare e feta 6 bar (87 psi). Sekano sa canister se thunya ka maatla, se ntsha oli ya dielectric e e aerosoled le mosi o mosweu o o bogale mo moweng o o boelang. Fa mouwane ono wa oli o kopana le dithapo tse di mogote tsa dikoloi tsa motlakase, o a tuka ka yone nako eo, o tlatsa diphaephe tsa oli tsa mo matlong ka mosi o o kitlaneng o o bogale wa dikhemikale.

Bomekheniki jwa go tshwara enjene le go gotela thata ga rotoro e e lotletsweng¶

Dienjini tsa motlakase tsa go foka di tshwara ka go palelwa ga dibering tsa motšhini kgotsa go senyega ga dithapo tsa motlakase. Dikoloi tsa PSC tsa maatla a dipitse tsa karolwana ka tlwaelo di dirisa dibering tsa letsogo tsa boronse tse di logeditsweng ke di-wick tsa selulose tse di tletseng oli, kgotsa dibering tsa bolo tsa tshipi tse di tswaletsweng.

Dibering tsa matsoho di itshetlehile ka ho tlotsa ha filimi ya mokedikedi wa hydrodynamic. Jaaka fa šafote ya enjene ya tshipi ya fa fatshe e dikologa, e goga wedge e nnye ya oli ya peterole ya SAE 20 e e sa tlhatswang fa gare ga jenale ya šafote le bushing ya boronse e e nang le maroba. Fa beng ba matlo kgotsa botegeniki jwa go tlhokomela ba palelwa ke go tlatsa dikou tsa oli ngwaga le ngwaga, kgotsa fa lerole la mo ntlong le le mo moweng le feta ditlhotlhi tsa mowa mme le kgotlela letamo le le ntshang metsi, filimi ya selogetsi e a mowafala.

Ntle le hydrodynamic oli karohano, tšepe-ho-tšepe moeli kgohlano etsahala pakeng tsa tšepe shaft le boronse sleeve. Kgotlhano e dira gore go nne le dithemphoritšhara tse di fetang didikirii tsa Celsius di le 300 (didikirii tsa Fahrenheit di le 572), mme seno se dira gore šafote ya tshipi e atologa ka mogote. Shafote e e atolositsweng e tlama thata mo teng ga letsogo la boronse, e dira gore go dikologa ga rotor go eme ka tshoganyetso ka metšhini.

Fa rotoro ya enjene e lotlela fa motlakase wa mola o ntse o dirisiwa, maatla a motlakase a morago a phutlhamela go nna lefela. The enjene hula notletsoe-rotor amperage, e leng lekana le sebediswa gagamalo arotsoe feela ke tlaase ka hare hanyetsa ya koporo matha matsoeleng:

Motlakase wa Rotara e e Lotletsweng = Motlakase wa Mola / Kganetso ya Setatoro

Go dira ka di-ampere di le 15 go ya go di le 30 go na le motlakase o o tlwaelegileng wa di-ampere di le 3 go ya go di le 6, ditatlhegelo tsa mogote tsa I-squared-R tse di ganetsanang di a ata ka bontsi. Dithemphereitšhara tsa go tlhotlhorega ga stator di tlhatloga ka didikirii tsa Celsius di le 15 go ya go di le 25 (didikirii di le 27 go ya go di le 45 tsa Fahrenheit) ka motsotso.

Bontsi jwa di-motor tsa segompieno tsa blower di na le switšhi ya ka fa gare e e itirisang-seta gape ya mogote o o feteletseng, e gantsi e leng disiki ya bimetallic Klixon e e tsenngwang mogala ka tatelano e e nang le dithapo tse di tlwaelegileng tsa go tlhotlhorega. Fa dithemphoritšhara tse di dikologang di fitlha go didikirii tsa Celsius di le 135 go ​​ya go di le 150 (didikirii tsa Fahrenheit di le 275 go ya go di le 302), disiki ya bimetallic e a bulega ka bonako, e kgaola maatla a potologo. Le fa go ntse jalo, fa enjene e ntse e tsidifala mo metsotsong e le 30 go ya go e le 45, disiki e a simolola gape, e bo e dirisa gape motlakase wa locked-rotor. Go tsamaya ga baesekele gono go go senyang ga mogote go boeletsa makgetlo a le mantsintsi go fitlha di-switšhi di kopana le di-weld tse di tswetsweng kgotsa tse di tlhotlhoregang tsa kopore di baka motlhwa o o nang le khabone, di ntsha mosi o o sa kgaotseng wa terata e e tukang.

Go phanyega ga sedirisiwa se se ananyang mogote le dikotsi tsa khabonemonokosaete¶

Ditlamorago tse di masisi thata tsa popego le pabalesego ya botshelo tsa enjene ya go foka e e tserweng mo ontong e e dirisang gase ke tshenyo e e tshosang ya sephapanyetsano sa mogote. Sefetoledi sa mogote sa onto ya gase se kgaoganya digase tsa go tuka tse di botlhole go tswa mo molapong wa mowa wa mo ntlong o o hemang. Ditšhisi di tuka mo teng ga diphaposi tsa tshipi tse di khuti, di fetisa mogote go kgabaganya mabota a tshipi go busetsa mowa o o dikologang go dikologa difatlhego tse di kwa ntle.

Fa fene ya sefofane e dirisiwa ka tsela e e tlwaelegileng, e tsamaisa dikhubikimetara di le 25 go ya go di le 55 tsa mowa ka motsotso (dikhubikimetara di le 900 go ya go di le 2 000 ka motsotso) go kgabaganya bokafantle jwa sephapantsho sa mogote, e boloka dithemphoritšhara tsa boalogodimo jwa tshipi di le fa gare ga didikirii tsa Celsius di le 200 le 260 (3092 le 500). Fa enjene ya sefofane e tshwara kgotsa e palelwa ke go simolola, tsidifatso ya convective e wela go nna lefela le le feletseng.

Furnace Operating State      Exchanger Metal Temperature  Limit Switch Status   Carbon Monoxide Threat
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Normal Operating Cycle       200 C to 260 C (392 F to 500 F) Contacts Closed       Zero: Intact steel boundaries
Blower Stalled / Burner On   450 C to 600 C (842 F to 1112 F) Cycling on High Limit High: Micro-fractures forming
Repeated Thermal Lockout     > 650 C (> 1202 F)           Switch Failure / Open Extreme: Seam rupture, CO leakage

Fa go sena mowa o o tsamayang, dikgabo tsa setšhisi di gotetsa ka bonako tshipi e e fetolang mogote go feta didikirii tsa Celsius di le 550 (didikirii tsa Fahrenheit di le 1 022). Ditofo tsa segompieno di na le switšhi ya pabalesego ya selekanyo se se kwa godimo, e leng sensara ya bimetallic e e beilweng ka tlhamalalo kwa godimo ga karolo ya setšhisi e e lekanyeditsweng go kgweetsa fa gare ga didikirii tsa Celsius di le 70 le 95 (didikirii di le 160 go ya go di le 200 tsa Fahrenheit) tse di tlamelang ka themperetšha ya mowa wa plenum. Fa switšhe eno e dira, e kgaotsa motlakase o o yang kwa belofong ya gase, e tima dithunyi.

Leha ho le joalo, phahameng-moedi switjha sebetsa le mogote lag. Pele ga switšhi maeto, mogote exchanger underheating feteletseng localized overheating. Fa di- burner di sena go tima, tshipi e a tsidifala ka bonako, mme e bo e gotela gape fa switšhi ya high-limit e simolola gape le go tshuba di- burner gape.

Go tshoga gono ga mogote ga modikologo go dira gore go nne le kgatelelo e e tseneletseng ya metšhini mo dihalofong tsa clamshell tsa tshipi tse di nang le setempe le mo dikhubeng tsa dipeipi tse di tlhomameng. Tshipi e tshesane ya aluminium ya selekanyo sa 18 go ya go sa selekanyo sa 20 e nna le letsapa la mogote, go nna kristale ga tshipi le go thubega ga weld. Fa go sena go nna le mophanyego ka lebota la phapantsho ya mogote, ditlhagiswa tsa go tuka tse di botlhole tse di akaretsang khabonemonokosaete e e bolayang le naeterojene dikosaete di dutlela ka tlhamalalo mo diphaephe tsa tlamelo ya bonno, mme seno se baka dikotsi tse di botlhoko tsa go hupelwa.

Papiso ya mokgwa wa go tlhatlhoba go palelwa ga sefokisi sa HVAC¶

Go supa mokgwa o o rileng wa go palelwa mo teng ga sediriswa sa go tshwara mowa go tlhomamisa gore a go emisetsa capacitor e e tlhwatlhwatlase go busetsa tiro kgotsa go emisetsa enjene ka botlalo le sefetoledi sa mogote go tlamega. Lenaneo le le fa tlase le tlhalosa ka botlalo mekgwa ya go palelwa ya konokono le dipharologantsho tsa go tlhatlhoba.

Ka ho sa feleng arohana capacitor ho hloleha emela ho fetisisa khafetsa le moruo tokiso. A hlolehileng capacitor thibela enjene ho hlahisa qala torque, ho tlohela rotor humming eme ha a ntse a hula notletsoeng-rotor jwale.

Go farologana le seo, go fisiwa ga di-winding le go tshwarwa ke dibering go tlhoka gore enjene e emisediwe ka botlalo. Fa di-winding tsa kopore di bontsha go tšhara go go ntsho kgotsa di ntsha menkgo e e maatla ya go tuka, go thubega ga insulation ya ka fa gare ga go ka ke ga busediwa morago. Go leka go tsamaisa enjene e e sentsweng ke mogote go tsenya mo kotsing ya go tuka ga matlo le diphoso tse di masisi tsa arc ya motlakase.

Run capacitor ya mmele le ya motlakase ya go tlhatlhoba thulaganyo ya dipalo¶

Ho hlahloba bophelo bo botle ba capacitor ka nepo ho hloka ho kopanya tlhahlobo ya pono le teko ya capacitance ya multimeter ya dijithale. Lenaneo le le fa tlase le tlhalosa maemo a pono, dipalo tsa motlakase, le dikgato tsa tirelo tse di tlhokegang.

Di-multimeter tsa dijithale tse di nang le mokgwa wa go lekanya bokgoni (tse di tshwailweng ka di-microfarad kgotsa uF) di tlamela ka diteko tse di tlhomameng. Fa go tlhatlhobiwa, bokgoni jo bo lekanyeditsweng bo tshwanetse go wela mo teng ga kgotlelelo e e tshwailweng, ka tlwaelo go tlhakanya-kgotsa-go ntsha diperesente di le 5 kgotsa go tlhakanya-kgotsa-go ntsha diperesente di le 10.

Capacitor e e tshwailweng ka di-microfarad di le 10 e e nang le kgotlelelo ya diperesente di le 5 tsa go tlhakanya kgotsa go ntsha e tshwanetse go nna magareng ga di-microfarad di le 9,5 le 10,5. Fa mmitara o bala di- microfarad di le 8,8, karolo eno e latlhegetswe ke diperesente di feta 10 tsa bokgoni jwa yone jwa go thibela motlakase. Go dirisa enjene e e nang le capacitor e e senyegileng go fokotsa torque ya go simolola enjene ka diperesente di le 30 go ya go di le 50, mme seno se dira gore e simolole ka bonya le mogote o o feteletseng wa go tlhotlhorega.

Kgato ka kgato go tlhaola motlakase le porothokholo ya go tlhatlhoba¶

Go dira tlhatlhobo e e babalesegileng ya go palelwa ga sefofane se se tshwarang mowa go tlhoka go itlhaola ga motlakase ka tsela e e nang le maitseo, go ntsha maatla a a bolokilweng, le go sekaseka tlhatlhobo. Latela dikgato tseno tse di latelanang go thibela go tšhokwa thata ke motlakase le go utlwisiwa botlhoko ke metšhini.

Kgato 1: Go kgaoganngwa ga motlakase wa maatla a a kwa godimo¶

Simolola ka go fokotsa maatla kwa themosetateng. Relela switšhi ya thulaganyo ya themosetate go OFF mme switšhi ya fene go AUTO. Sena se fedisa tlaase-gagamalo 24-volt refosanang jwale pitso ho tswa ho boto taolo.

Batla switšhi ya go kgaola tirelo ya motlakase e e buletsweng kgotsa e e bapileng le khabinete ya onto. Phetolola switšhi go ya kwa tlase go ya kwa seemong sa OFF. Sutela kwa phaneleng e kgolo ya dithubi tsa sekete tsa bonno mme o time dithibi tsa sekete tsa lekala tse di kwadilweng Furnace, Air Handler, kgotsa HVAC.

Tlosa lebati la go tsena la burner le le kwa godimo le lebati la go tsena la blower le le kwa tlase. Netefatsa gore ga go na motlakase wa motlakase go ralala ditheminale tsa mola o dirisa setlhatlhobi sa motlakase se se ikanyegang se se sa amaneng kgotsa multimeter ya dijithale e e setilweng go di-volt tsa motlakase tse di fetofetogang. Leka mogote-go-setlhakore, mogote-go-fa fatshe, le mogote-go-sa-fatshe. Le ka motlha o se ke wa tswelela go fitlha go netefadiwa gore ga go na motlakase mo dikhonduktareng tsotlhe.

Kgato 2: Teko ya go dikologa ga leotwana la sefofane¶

Le matla a motlakase netefaditswe ka ho feletseng tima, hlahloba 'meleng tsamaiso ya centrifugal blower lebili.

Tsenya dowel e e omileng ya logong, thobane ya polasetiki, kgotsa setshwaro sa sediriswa se se sireleditsweng ka lepharo la go tsenya la ntlo ya sefofane go ama ditlhako tsa lesaka la squirrel. Ka bonolo sutumetsa di-blade ka tataiso ya ho potoloha ho tlwaelehileng. Le ka motlha o se ke wa dirisa menwana e e sa aparang sepe mo tekong eno.

Fa leotwana le dikologa ka kgololesego mme le tsamaya metsotswana e le mmalwa kwantle ga go sila kgotsa go gana, dibering tsa enjene le diphatlha tsa maotwana di nna di siame ka metšhini. Sena se netefatsa ho hloleha ha motlakase, joaloka capacitor e fofang, ho buleha ho matsoella, kapa relay ea taolo e hlolehileng.

Fa leotwana le gana go tsamaya, le bofa thata, kgotsa le sila thata mo tshiping, go nnile le go tshwarwa ke dibering tsa motšhini kgotsa go sa tlhomama ga leotwana. Fa leotwana le sa kgone go tshikhinyega ka maatla a a magareng a diatla, šafote ya enjene e tshwere mo teng ga dibering tsa yone, e laela gore enjene e emisediwe.

Kgato 3: Tsamaisa capacitor e e babalesegileng ya go ntsha le go tlosa¶

Di-capacitor di boloka maatla a motlakase a a tlhamaletseng a a kwa godimo le fa maatla a mo ntlong a kgaotswe. Go ama ditheminale tsa capacitor tse di tshelang go ka tlisa go tshoga ga motlakase go go botlhoko, go go kotsi.

Lokisetsa ho ntsha capacitor. Fumana resistor ya seramiki e e bofilweng ka thapo ya 20 000-ohm, ya 2-watt, kgotsa dirisa sekurufu sa maemo a motlakase se se nang le setshwaro se sekima sa rabara se se sireleditsweng se se lekanyeditsweng go 1 000 volts.

Borogo shank ya tshipi ya sekurufu se se sireleditsweng go kgabaganya dipilara tsa theminale ya capacitor, go ikgolaganya le theminale ya Common le theminale ya Fan ka nako e le nngwe. Boloka kgolagano metsotswana e le metlhano e e tswelelang. Fa o dirisa capacitor e e dikologang tse pedi e e direlang bobedi sefofane le sekontiri, borogo jo bo Tlwaelegileng go Hermetic gape. A nyenyane snap kapa tlhase netefatsa tlhotlheletso ya masalla gagamalo.

Hlahloba bokahodimo ba sejana sa aluminiamo. Fa boalogodimo jo bo kwa godimo bo obegela kwa ntle go nna bubble e e tshophodi, kgotsa fa seedi se se mafura se apesa ditheminale, sethibela kgatelelo ya ka fa gare se simolotse. Lokolola mogala wa go tlhomamisa wa tshipi, kgaola dikgokelo tsa spade tse di kgoromeletsang o dirisa di-pliers tsa nko ya nale, mme o tlose capacitor e e senyegileng mo khabineteng.

Lenaneo la didirisiwa le didirisiwa tsa go tlhatlhoba bolwetse¶

Temogo e e nepagetseng le go baakanya ka tsela e e babalesegileng ya di-motor tsa blower go tlhoka didirisiwa tse di kgethegileng tsa motlakase le tsa metšhini. Lenaneo le le fa tlase le thathamisa didiriswa tse di tlhokegang le didirisiwa tsa tshireletso ya botho.

Whole-legae motlakase surge tshireletso hlomamisa ka ka sehloohong breaker phanele haholo fokotsa matha capacitor ho hloleha ditefello. Ditlhako tsa motlakase tsa nakwana tse di bakiwang ke go fetoga ga keriti ya ditirelo kgotsa go itewa ke legadima di senya difilimi tsa dielectric tsa polypropylene tsa capacitor fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. Ho kenya sesebediswa se inehetseng sa Mofuta wa 2 ho phatloha ha motlakase (SPD) ka ontong kgaola switjha di-clamps tsa nakwana voltages ka tlase ho 330 volts, ho sireletsa oli e bonolo ea dielectric le ECM elektroniki inverter dimmojule ho tloha blowout tlokotsi.

Dikhoutu tsa intaseteri le maemo a pabalesego ya go tsenya¶

Dithulaganyo tsa go thuthafatsa le go tsidifatsa mowa mo matlong di laolwa ke melao e e gagametseng ya metšhini, ya gase ya lookwane le ya motlakase go sireletsa batho ba ba nnang mo go yone mo molelong, mo go tseneng mo gaseng e e botlhole le mo dikotsing tsa motlakase.

Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Tshireletso ya Molelo o phasalatsa NFPA 54, Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Gase ya Mafura. NFPA 54 Karolo 9.3 e laela gore ditlamelo tsa mowa wa go tuka le didiriswa tsa go thuthafatsa di tshwanetse go tsenngwa go thibela kgatelelo e e feteletseng ya mogote mo diphapanyetsanong tsa mogote. NFPA 90B, e leng Seelo sa go Tsenya Dithulaganyo tsa go Thuthafatsa Mowa o o Bothitho le go Tsidifatsa Mowa, se laola kago ya diphaephe tsa tlamelo le ditaolo tsa tekanyetso ya themperetšha, se laela gore di-switch tsa tekanyetso tse di itirisang di tshwanetse go kgaola dithebolo tsa lookwane pele ga dithemphoritšhara tsa mowa di feta 121 degrees Celsius (250 degrees Fah).

Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Motlakase (NEC), o o gatisitsweng jaaka NFPA 70, o laela dithapo tsa motlakase tsa didiriswa tsa go thuthafatsa ka fa tlase ga Athikele 422 le Athikele 430. Karolo 422.31 e laela gore go nne le switšhi e e fitlhelesegang ya go kgaola motlakase mo khabineteng e e tlamelang ka maatla. NEC Athikele 430 e laola tshireletso ya sekete sa lekala la dikoloi, e laela tshireletso ya mogote o o feteletseng wa dikoloi tsa maatla a dipitse tsa dikarolo.

Kwa Canada, ditlhomo tsa go thuthafatsa di latela CSA B149.1, Molao wa go Tsenya Gase ya Tlhago le Propane, mmogo le Molao wa Motlakase wa Canada (CEC). Ho pholletsa le Yuropa, dithulaganyo tsa ho futhumatsa di ikamahanya le Maemo a Yuropa EN 60335-2-102 bakeng sa polokeho ya motlakase wa disebediswa tsa khase le EN 50165 bakeng sa disebediswa tsa motlakase tsa disebediswa tsa ho futhumatsa tseo e seng tsa motlakase.

Tlhatlhobo ya bothokgami jwa kananyo ya mogote le go tsosolosa morago ga tiragalo¶

Morago ga go tshwarwa ke enjene ya blower e e netefaditsweng fa ditšhisi di neng di dikologa gangwe le gape mo switšhing ya tekanyetso e e kwa godimo, sefetoledi sotlhe sa mogote sa onto se tshwanetse go dira diteko tse di gagametseng tsa pabalesego tse di sa senyegeng pele ga fa thulaganyo ya go thuthafatsa e busediwa mo tirelong.

Botegeniki jwa seporofešenale jwa HVAC bo dira diporotokolo tsa tlhatlhobo ka botlalo mo dikgatong di le tlhano tsa go tlhatlhoba bolwetse: - Tlhatlhobo ya borescope e e bonwang e sekaseka dikhube tse di gagametseng, ditlhako tse di tlhotlhoregang, le dikholara tsa setšhisi ka dikhamera tse di tlhalosang go bona gore moriri o thubegile kgotsa o fetogile mmala ka ntlha ya mogote. - Tshekatsheko ya go tuka e lekanya popego ya gase ya molelo, fa marothodi a tshoganyetso a okosejene kgotsa ditlhako tsa khabonemonokosaete fa sefofane se simolola go dira se senola mabota a a dutlang a phapanyetsano ya mogote. - Teko ya pharologano ya kgatelelo e e sa fetogeng e lemoga ditlhatlogo tsa kgatelelo mo teng ga diphaposi tsa go tuka tse di bakiwang ke go dutla ga mowa wa tlamelo ka disele tse di phanyegileng. - Duct decontamination le karolo Phetolo tlosa chesoa lik'hemik'hale lifilimi le HEPA bakgoboketsi, kenya rated dienjini le capacitors, 'me netefatsa tshebetso bolokehileng ka semmuso combustion teko.

Dipotso tse di bodiwang kgapetsakgapetsa¶

A nka tsamaisa setsidifatsi sa me sa mowa kgotsa pompo ya mogote fa enjene ya sefofane sa onto e ka tshwarwa?¶

O ka se tsamaise setsidifatsi sa gago sa bogareng kgotsa pompo ya mogote fa enjene ya sefofane sa onto e tserwe. Dithulaganyo tsa tsidifatso ya bogareng di tlhoka kelelo ya mowa e e tswelelang go kgabaganya khoele ya mowafatsi ya ka fa teng go monya mogote go tswa mo mafelong a bodulo. Fa go se na kelelo ya mowa, khoele ya mowafatsi e wela kwa tlase ga go gatsela mo metsotsong e se kae fela, e bo e phuthela tšhupu ya kopore mo boloko e e tiileng ya aese. Go tsamaisa komporosara kgatlhanong le khoele e e gatsetse go dira gore setsidifatsi se se metsi se boele gape mo disilindareng tsa komporosara, go senya dibelofo tsa ka fa gare tsa metšhini mme go baka go palelwa ga komporosara go go maswe.

Ke ka ntlha yang fa onto ya me e ne e foka mosi o o bogale mo diphatlhaneng fa go ne go se na molelo wa mmatota?¶

Ditofo di foka mosi o o bogale o o bogale ka diphatlha tsa go ntsha mowa ka nako ya fa sefokisi se palelwa ka gonne enjene ya sefokisi kgotsa capacitor ya go tsamaya e gotela thata go fitlha kwa dithemphoritšhareng tse di feteletseng mo teng ga mowa wa tlamelo. Fa capacitor e thubega, oli ya dielectric e a mouwane go nna mosi o mosweu wa aerosol o diphaephe tsa tlamelo di anamisiwang mo ntlong yotlhe. Rotor ya enjene e e notletsweng e goga maatla a a kwa godimo a a gotetsang di- winding tsa stator tsa kopore go fitlha go didikirii tsa Celsius di le 200 (didikirii tsa Fahrenheit di le 392), e baka insulation ya enamel ya maitirelo go nna mosi wa dikhemikale o o nkgang bosula kwantle ga kgabo e e bulegileng e e dirang.

A nka tsenya capacitor ya go taboga e e nang le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa microfarad go feta ya ntlha?¶

Ga o a tshwanela go tsenya capacitor ya go tsamaya e e nang le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa microfarad go feta se se tlhalositsweng mo letlapeng la leina la enjene. Ho kenya capacitor e feteletseng ho etsa hore ho be le motlakase o feteletseng wa phase-shift ka enjene qala ho matsoetsa, ho baka ho futhumala ho matla ha matsoetso, ho eketseha ha tshebediso ya matla, le pele ho nako enjene burnout. Le fa o ka tsenya capacitor e e nang le selekanyo se se kwa godimo sa motlakase (jaaka go emisetsa yuniti ya 370-volt ka yuniti ya 440-volt), selekanyo sa microfarad se tshwanetse go tsamaisana le ditlhaloso tsa feketori mo teng ga diperesente di le 5 tsa go tlhakanya kgotsa go ntsha.

Nka bona jang gore heat exchanger ya me e phanyegile morago ga gore blower e emise go dira?¶

Go supa sephapanyetsano sa mogote se se phanyegileng go tlhoka go ela tlhoko boitshwaro jwa kgabo ya setšhisi le go ela tlhoko maemo a khabonemonokosaete. Fa sefofane se se emisediwang se bulega, lebelela dikgabo tsa setšhisi sa gase di tuka ka boemakepe jwa go ela tlhoko: fa dikgabo di fofafofa, di tsoka, kgotsa di goga go tswa mo sefatlhegong sa setšhisi, kgatelelo ya mowa go tswa mo sefofaneng e tsena mo phaposing ya go tuka ka mophanyego wa popego. Go tsenngwa tirisong ga dialamo tsa khabonemonokosaete tsa mo ntlong ka bonako ka nako ya dipotologo tsa go thuthafatsa go naya bosupi jo bo tlhomameng jwa go dutla ga go tuka, go go tlhokang gore tsamaiso e tswalwe ka bonako.

Setifikeiti sa thusopotlako¶

Go laola maemo a tshoganyetso a mosi wa motlakase wa ka fa teng, go nna mo mosi o o botlhole le go dutla ga khabonemonokosaete go go ka nnang teng go tlhoka katiso e e mosola ya mathata. Re kgothaletsa thata gore o wetse thuto e e netefaditsweng ya thuso ya potlako, CPR, le thuto ya pabalesego ya bonno e e neelwang ke mekgatlho e e amogelwang e e jaaka Sefapaano se Sehibidu sa Amerika, Ambulense ya St John, Sefapaano se Sehibidu sa Canada, kgotsa ditirelo tsa kalafi tsa tshoganyetso tsa lefelo leo. Thupelo e e mosola e akaretsa go tlhaola go fokotsega ga okosejene, go laola tsela ya mowa ka nako ya go hema mosi, go tlosa kgotlhelo mo matlhong ka dikhemikale, le diporothokholo tsa go fudusa balelapa. Bokgoni jwa go dira ka diatla bo aga kgato e e ritibetseng, e e tlhomameng fa go palelwa ka bonako ga metšhini go tlhasela legae la gago.

Metswedi e tlhotlhomisitswe¶

• Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Tshireletso ya Molelo (NFPA) 54: Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Gase ya Lookwane
• Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Tshireletso ya Molelo (NFPA) 90B: Maemo a go Tsenya Dithulaganyo tsa go Thuthafatsa Mowa o o Bothitho le go Tsidifatsa Mowa
• Mokgatlho wa Bosetšhaba wa Tshireletso ya Molelo (NFPA) 70: Molao wa Bosetšhaba wa Motlakase (NEC)
• Setheo sa Ditsidifatsi, Dithuthafatsi le Ditsidifatsi (AHRI): Ditekanyetso tsa Ditofo le Difofane tsa Matlo
• Dilaboratori tsa Bakwadisi (UL): Maemo a 1995, Pabalesego ya Didirisiwa tsa go Thuthafatsa le go Tsidifatsa
• Mokgatlho wa Ditekanyetso wa Canada (CSA): CSA B149.1, Khoutu ya go Tsenya Gase ya Tlhago le Poropane
• Khomišene ya Pabalesego ya Dikumo tsa Badirisi (CPSC): Dikotsi tsa Khabonemonokosaete mo Dithulaganyong tsa go Thuthafatsa Matlo

Dikaedi tse di tsamaelanang¶

• Alamo ya khabonemonokosaete le maemo a tshoganyetso a go tsenwa ke botlhole
• Dithibelo tsa molelo le ditlhase tsa motlakase
• Go sa dire sentle ga setsidifatsi mo mogoteng o o feteletseng
• Puffback ya setšhisi sa oli ya go thuthafatsa mo gae le go thunya ga motlhwa
• Pabalesego ya go tima ga kgabo ya setofo sa gase le go dutla ga gase