Ọkụ Ọkụ na-agbapụta moto: Gbaa Capacitor Blowout na anwụrụ ọkụ n'ime oghere HVAC¶

Moto ịfụ ọkụ ọkụ ejidere ma ọ bụ gbawara agbawa na-ebute nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi ozugbo site n'ịkwanye anwụrụ ọkụ siri ike site na ọwa mmiri ezinaụlọ. Sistemu kpo oku, ventilashị, na ntụ oyi (HVAC) na-adabere na ikuku ikuku na-aga n'ihu na-agafe ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ iji kesaa ikuku oyi. Mgbe mgbakọ ihe na-afụ ọkụ kwụsịrị, netwọk nkesa ọwa etiti na-agbanwe ka ọ bụrụ pipeline nnyefe dị mma maka enamel waya na-egbu egbu na-egbu egbu, mmanụ na-ebu vaporized, na mmiri ọkụ dielectric gbawara.

Fiziks n'ibu nke ọdịda moto eletrik na-emepụta ikpo ọkụ mpaghara n'ime kabinet onye na-ahụ maka ikuku. Capacitor nkewa na-adịgide adịgide (PSC) na moto na-ebugharị eletrọnịkị (ECM) na-adọta amperage ekpochi-rotor mgbe igwe igwe na-ejide ma ọ bụ na-agba ọsọ capacitors dara. Akpọchi-rotor ugbu a na-agba ọsọ ugboro atọ ma ọ bụ isii karịa amperage arụ ọrụ zuru oke. Igwe ọkụ eletrik a siri ike na-eme ka okpomọkụ ikuku stator dị elu karịa 200 degrees Celsius (392 degrees Fahrenheit) n'ime nkeji, na-emebi mkpuchi mkpuchi sịntetik na-eyi ọkụ ọkụ eletrik.

N'otu oge ahụ, mfu nke mwepu okpomọkụ convective na-eyi iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke ọkụ ọkụ gas egwu. Ebe igwe na-afụ ọkụ na-eguzo, ndị na-ere ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ gas na-aga n'ihu na-agbapụ ruo mgbe nchekwa ọkụ dị elu na-ebufe ibu. Convective stagnation na-eme ka ọnọdụ igwe dị n'ime ya dị n'elu 500 Celsius (digiri Fahrenheit 932), akwa akwa na sel igwe na-agbawa. Mgbawa ọkụ ndị a na-ekwe ka carbon monoxide na-egbu egbu banye ikuku nke ezinụlọ, na-achọ ikewapụ ike ozugbo.

Mee nke a ugbu a¶

1. Gbanyụọ ọnọdụ ọkụ ọkụ ezinaụlọ gị ozugbo ka ịkwụsị oku eletrik 24-volt dị ala maka ikpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ jụrụ oyi.
2. Gbanyụọ mgba ọkụ ọkụ eletrik raara onwe ya nye, nke a na-agbanyekarị dị ka mgba ọkụ ihu uhie n'akụkụ mpụta nke kabinet ọkụ ma ọ bụ stud mgbidi dị n'akụkụ.
3. Gaa n'ọkụ ọkụ na ndị na-ahụ maka ikuku sekit na panel nkesa ọkụ eletrik gị bụ isi iji kwe nkwa ikewapụ ike dị elu zuru oke.
4. Wepụ ndị niile bi n'ụlọ na anụ ụlọ n'ikuku dị n'èzí ma ọ bụrụ na ikuku na-ahụ anya ma ọ bụ na-ekpo ọkụ, anwụrụ ọkụ na-esi ísì ụtọ na-akpata mgbakasị iku ume ma ọ bụ anya ọkụ, na-atụ aka. nọmba mberede.
5. Mepee windo mpụta na ọnụ ụzọ n'ofe ụlọ iji guzobe ikuku ikuku, na-ekpochapụ uzuzu na-egbu egbu site na oghere ndị dị ndụ.
6. Lelee mkpu ikuku carbon monoxide niile iji nyochaa ogo ikuku efu-ppm, na-akpọ ọrụ mberede ozugbo ọ bụrụ mkpu ọ bụla na-akpalite.
7. Mechie ọnụ ụzọ kabinet ọkụ ruo mgbe ejiri ihe nchọta voltaji na-adịghị emekọrịta ihe kwenye na mwepu ike dị elu.

HVAC blower ọdịda diagnostic flowchart¶

flowchart TD
    A["Ọkụ na-ere ọkụ ma ọ bụ anwụrụ ọkụ na-esi na ventilashị na-ebunye"] --> B["Gbanwee ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ka ọ bụrụ gbanyụọ ozugbo"]
    B --> C["Kwụpụ ike voltaji dị elu na ngbanwe ọkụ"]
    C --> D["Njegharị ọkụ sekit na-agbaji na isi panel"]
    D --> E["Nyochaa voltaji efu site na iji onye nyocha anaghị akpọtụrụ"]
    E --> F["Wepu ọnụ ụzọ nnweta Cabinet"]
    F --> G{"Nyochaa Run Capacitor Physical State"}
    G -->|"Elu gbawara agbawa, Vent gbawara agbawa, ma ọ bụ mpụta mmanụ"| H["Capacitor Blowout: Dochie ya na nkeji nwere akara"]
    G -->|"Pristine casing, efu efu"| I{"Jiri osisi dowel nwalee ntụgharị ụkwụ"}
    I -->|"Ntugharị efu, Inertia dị nro"| J["Igwe ọkụ eletrik dị mkpụmkpụ ma ọ bụ ọdịda"]
    I -->|"Nguzogide siri ike, akpọchiri ma ọ bụ na-egweri"| K["Njide n'ọrụ igwe: Dochie moto"]
    H --> L["Lelee ihe ngbanwe ọkụ maka mgbawa ọkụ"]
    J --> L
    K --> L

Anatomi na injinia injinia nke ndị na-ahụ maka ikuku HVAC¶

Onye na-ahụ maka ikuku ma ọ bụ igwe na-eku ọkụ gas na-arụ ọrụ dị ka usoro ikuku pneumatic nke ihe owuwu mmanye ikuku. The n'ibu mgbakọ na-anọdụ n'ime nloghachi ikuku ngalaba nke ọkụ kabinet, agbachitere site mbughari metal ogwe onwem na nchekwa interlock switches. Sistemu ahụ nwere moto draịva eletriki, wiil ikuku centrifugal na-aga n'ihu, ụlọ akwụkwọ mpịakọta, capacitor na-agba ọsọ, na bọọdụ njikwa eletrọnịkị.

Ọkụ ebe obibi na-eji ụlọ ọkụ eletrik abụọ bụ isi: moto induction capacitor na-adịgide adịgide (PSC) na igwe na-enweghị igwe na-ebugharị ọkụ ugbu a (ECM). Moto PSC bụ igwe induction dị ugbu a na-agbanwe otu oge. N'ihi na otu-fase alternating current na-emepụta ihe na-akpali akpali kama ịgbagharị oghere magnetik, moto PSC chọrọ mmalite inyeaka nke abụọ jikọtara ọnụ na usoro na-arụ ọrụ na-agba ọsọ capacitor. The capacitor na-emepụta mgbanwe eletriki nke ogo 90 n'etiti ikuku na-agba ọsọ na mmalite inyeaka, na-eguzobe oghere magnetik stator na-atụgharị chọrọ iji malite na ịkwado ntụgharị rotor.

Igwe ihe na-agba ọsọ nwere mpempe akwụkwọ abụọ dị mkpa nke aluminom-metallized polypropylene film merụrụ ahụ n'ime mpịakọta cylindrical siri ike, na-emikpu n'ime mmanụ mkpuchi dielectric n'ime ite aluminom mechiri emechi. Ederede ọdụ na-apụta site na nkụnye eji isi mee resin phenolic n'elu akpa akwa, nke akpọrọ Common, Fan, na Hermetic na capacitors gbara okirikiri. Ntugharị oge na-aga n'ihu na-edobe ike moto kwụsiri ike ma na-edozi ihe ike eletrik n'oge arụ ọrụ.

Ngwunye moto ahụ na-ejikọta ozugbo gaa na wiil ịfụfụ nke centrifugal na-aga n'ihu, nke a na-akpọ ọnụ ọnụ squirrel. Mpempe ikuku nke etinyere n'etiti mgbanaka ejiri akara nchara na-adọghachi ikuku n'ime wee mee ka ọ pụta ìhè. Ka rotor na-agbagharị na mgbanwe 800 ruo 1,200 kwa nkeji, ike centrifugal na-ebuli ikuku na-apụta site na ụlọ akwụkwọ mpịakọta nchara na-agbasawanye.

Nrụgide ikuku nke ndị agha akwụkwọ mpịakọta na-ebute na-eweghachi ikuku n'ofe ọkụ ọkụ n'oge usoro okpomọkụ oyi, ma ọ bụ n'ofe ikuku ikuku evaporator n'oge okpomọkụ oyi. Mwepu nke igwe dị n'etiti oghere squirrel na-atụgharị na efere mpịakọta na-atụ naanị 6 ruo 12 millimeters (0.24 ruo 0.47 inch). Ntugharị ọ bụla n'osisi ọ bụla, uwe na-eyi, ma ọ bụ ikpo ọkụ na-eme ka wiil igwe ahụ daa n'ụlọ ndị ahụ guzoro ọtọ, na-eme ka ụda iti mkpu na-eme ihe ike tupu ọdịdọ igwe zuru oke emee.

Ndozi ihe nzacha ikuku na-emetụta ogologo ndụ moto na-efe efe na okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ. Ihe nzacha dị elu-MERV jupụtara na ntutu anụ ụlọ na uzuzu akọrọ na-ebute oke nrụgide static na-adaba n'ofe oghere ikuku. Ụnwụ ikuku a na-amanye agụba squirrel na-atụgharị n'ihu ka ọ rụọ ọrụ n'ụlọ ahịa ikuku ikuku na-eme mkpọtụ, na-abawanye okpomọkụ nke moto na-arụ ọrụ site na 15 ruo 25 degrees Celsius (27 ruo 45 degrees Fahrenheit). Okpomọkụ dị elu nke na-arụ ọrụ na-eme ka ndakpọ capacitor dielectric na-agba ọsọ ọsọ ọsọ yana ekpochapụ mmanụ na-ebu mmanụ afọ afọ tupu ndụ imewe nkịtị.

Physics nke ịgba ọsọ capacitor ọdịda na dielectric blowout¶

Ndị na-agba ọsọ capacitors na-ada site na ndakpọ eletrik na ọkụ ọkụ na-aga n'ihu. Polypropylene film dielectrics tụrụ naanị 4 ruo 8 micrometers na ọkpụrụkpụ. N'okpuru ọrụ ọzọ na-agbanwe agbanwe ugbu a, dielectric na-eguzogide nrụgide ọkụ eletrik na-aga n'ihu karịa 50 ruo 80 volts kwa micrometer.

Capacitor Operational State   Internal Pressure Level   Dielectric Integrity    Physical Casing Condition
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Normal Operating State        0.5 to 1.0 bar (7 to 15 psi) Full Capacitance (+/- 5%) Flat metal top, sealed terminals
Thermal Degradation Phase     1.5 to 2.5 bar (22 to 36 psi) Capacitance loss 10-20%  Slight dome convexity
Terminal Overpressure State   3.0 to 5.0 bar (44 to 73 psi) Complete dielectric short Distended top, popped bellows
Catastrophic Casing Rupture   > 6.0 bar (> 87 psi)         Blown open / vented     Seam blowout, scorched oil mist

Usoro okpomọkụ ọ bụla, voltaji na-agba ọsọ, na ọkụ na-agafe agafe na-ebute ihe omume ọgwụgwọ onwe onye dị n'ime capacitor. Mgbe spikes voltaji dị elu na-amapu ihe nkiri polypropylene ahụ, ọkụ eletrik nke mpaghara mpaghara na-eme ka oyi akwa metallization aluminom dị obere dị n'akụkụ ebe mgbapu, na-ekewapụ mmejọ ahụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọgwụgwọ onwe onye na-echekwa ọrụ capacitor nwa oge, puku kwuru puku micro-punctures na-eripịa mpaghara elu aluminom, na-eweda mkpokọta ikike n'okpuru ndị nrụpụta na-arụ ọrụ nke gbakwunyere ma ọ bụ mwepu 5%.

Ka ike na-adaba, oge ọkụ eletrik na-agbada. Moto nke na-afụ ụfụ na-adọta oke ugbu a, na-agba ọsọ na-ekpo ọkụ ma na-amụba ume ọkụ azụ n'ebe mgbago mgbago capacitor. Mgbe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị n'ime oghere ikuku gafere 70 ruo 85 degrees Celsius (158 ruo 185 degrees Fahrenheit), mmanụ dielectric na-ekpuchi ọkụ na-emebi, na-emepụta vapors hydrocarbon dị ka hydrogen, methane, na ethylene.

Mkpokọta uzuoku dị n'ime na-abawanye nrụgide hydrostatic n'ime ite aluminom. Ndị na-eme ihe nke oge a na-etinye usoro nkwụsịtụ na-enwe mmetụta dị n'ime. Ka nrụgide dị n'ime na-ebili, mkpuchi elu aluminom na-agbanwe agbanwe na-agbasapụ apụta n'ime oghere convex dị iche. Mgbasa igwe a na-adọwa eriri njikọ dị n'ime, na-ewepụ ihe capacitor na ọdụ ọdụ tupu mgbawa casing agbawa.

Ọ bụrụ na ihe nkwụsị nke ime adịghị ekewa nke ọma, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na mkpirisi nwụrụ anwụ siri ike gafere usoro nchekwa, nrụgide dị n'ime ahụ karịrị 6 mmanya (87 psi). Akara akpa ahụ na-agbawa nke ukwuu, na-ebunye mmanụ dielectric na-ekpo ọkụ na anwụrụ ọkụ na-acha ọcha n'ime ikuku nlọghachi. Mgbe alụlụ mmanụ a na-akpọtụrụ ikuku ọkụ eletrik na-ekpo ọkụ, ọ na-ere ọkụ ozugbo, na-ejupụta ọwa mmiri ndị na-ebubata ebe obibi na anwụrụ ọkụ kemịkalụ siri ike.

Mekaniki njide moto na ikpo ọkụ-rotor ekpochi oke¶

Moto ịfụ ọkụ eletrik na-ejide site na ọdịda igwe na-ebu ma ọ bụ mmebi ikuku eletrik. Moto nwere ike ịnya mgbakasị ahụ nke PSC na-eji aka uwe ọla ọla kọpa were mmanu nke cellulose wicks juputara mmanụ, ma ọ bụ ihe nchara nchara nchara nkenke.

Ogwe aka aka na-adabere na mmanu mmiri mmiri-ihe nkiri. Ka ogwe igwe nchara nchara na-agbagharị, ọ na-adọkpụrụ obere mmanụ mmanụ SAE 20 na-adịghị edozi n'etiti akwụkwọ akụkọ shaft na ahịhịa ọla kọpa. Ọ bụrụ na ndị nwe ụlọ ma ọ bụ ndị na-ahụ maka ndozi anaghị emezigharị ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri kwa afọ, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na uzuzu ụlọ na-agafe ihe nzacha ikuku ma mebie ebe nchekwa mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, ihe nkiri mmanụ na-esi ísì.

Na-enweghị nkewa mmanụ hydrodynamic, esemokwu n'ókè metal-na-metal na-apụta n'etiti ogwe nchara na aka ọla ọla. Esemokwu na-ebute okpomọkụ mpaghara karịa 300 degrees Celsius (572 degrees Fahrenheit), na-eme ka mgbasawanye ọkụ nke ogwe ígwè. Oghere gbasasịrị agbasa na-ejikọta nke ọma n'ime aka uwe ọla, na-ebute ntụgharị rotor na nrụnye ngwa ngwa.

Mgbe moto rotor kpọchiri ebe voltaji ahịrị ka na-etinye, ike electromotive azụ na-adaba na efu. Moto ahụ na-adọta ekpochi-rotor amperage, nke hà nhata voltaji etinyere nke kewara naanị site na nguzogide dị ala nke ọla kọpa na-agba ọsọ:

Rotor akpọchila ugbu a = Voltaji ahịrị / Stator impedance

Na-arụ ọrụ na 15 ruo 30 amperes kama ịdị ugbu a zuru oke nke 3 ruo 6 amperes, mfu I-squared-R na-eguzogide okpomọkụ na-abawanye ụba. Okpomọkụ ikuku na-efe efe na-ebili na 15 ruo 25 degrees Celsius (27 ruo 45 degrees Fahrenheit) kwa nkeji.

Imirikiti moto ịfụ ọkụ ọgbara ọhụrụ nwere ngbanwe dị n'ime akpaaka na-emegharị ọkụ, nke na-abụkarị diski Klixon bimetallic nke nwere usoro ikuku na-ebugharị. Mgbe okpomọkụ ikuku ruru 135 ruo 150 degrees Celsius (275 ruo 302 degrees Fahrenheit), diski bimetallic ahụ na-emeghe, na-ewepụ ike sekit. Agbanyeghị, ka moto ahụ na-ajụ oyi karịa nkeji 30 ruo 45, diski ahụ na-emegharị ya, na-etinyegharị ekpochi-rotor ugbu a. Ịnyịnya igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na-emebi emebi na-emegharị ọtụtụ ugboro ruo mgbe kọntaktị mgba ọkụ mechiri emechi ma ọ bụ mkpuchi mkpuchi ọla kọpa na-eme ka n'ime soot carbonized, na-ebunye uzuzu ọkụ na-adịgide adịgide.

Mgbawa ọkụ na-agbanwe ọkụ na ihe egwu carbon monoxide¶

Ihe kacha njọ n'ihe nhazi na nchekwa ndụ nke moto na-afụ ọkụ ejidere n'ọkụ ọkụ gas bụ mbibi dị egwu nke mgbanwe ọkụ. Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ gas na-ekewapụ gas na-ekpocha ọkụ na-egbu egbu na mmiri ikuku ezinụlọ na-eku ume. Ndị na-ere ọkụ na-agba ọkụ n'ime ụlọ ndị nwere oghere, na-ebufe okpomọkụ n'ofe mgbidi ígwè iji weghachite ikuku na-ekesa n'akụkụ mpụta.

N'okpuru ọrụ nkịtị, onye na-efe efe na-ebugharị 25 ruo 55 cubic mita nke ikuku kwa nkeji (900 ruo 2,000 cubic feet kwa nkeji) n'ofe mpụta okpomọkụ, na-ejigide okpomọkụ elu igwe n'etiti 200 na 260 degrees Celsius (392 na 500 degrees Fahrenheit). Mgbe moto ikuku ahụ jidere ma ọ bụ malite ịmalite, convective jụrụ na-adaba na efu zuru oke.

Furnace Operating State      Exchanger Metal Temperature  Limit Switch Status   Carbon Monoxide Threat
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Normal Operating Cycle       200 C to 260 C (392 F to 500 F) Contacts Closed       Zero: Intact steel boundaries
Blower Stalled / Burner On   450 C to 600 C (842 F to 1112 F) Cycling on High Limit High: Micro-fractures forming
Repeated Thermal Lockout     > 650 C (> 1202 F)           Switch Failure / Open Extreme: Seam rupture, CO leakage

Na-enweghị ikuku, ọkụ ọkụ na-eme ngwa ngwa na-eme ka igwe na-agbanwe okpomọkụ gafere 550 degrees Celsius (1,022 degrees Fahrenheit). Ọkụ ọgbara ọhụrụ nwere mgba ọkụ nchekwa dị oke oke, ihe mmetụta bimetallic nke edobere ozugbo n'elu ụlọ ọkụ nke emebere ka ọ gaa n'etiti 70 na 95 degrees Celsius (160 ruo 200 degrees Fahrenheit) na-enye okpomọkụ ikuku plenum. Mgbe mgba ọkụ a na-eme njem, ọ na-egbochi ọkụ eletrik na valvụ gas, na-emenyụ ọkụ.

Agbanyeghị, mgba ọkụ nwere oke oke na-arụ ọrụ na lag thermal. Tupu mgba ọkụ ahụ agawa, onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo oke ọkụ na mpaghara. Ozugbo ọkụ mechiri, ígwè ahụ na-ajụ oyi ngwa ngwa, naanị na-ekpo ọkụ ọzọ mgbe mgba ọkụ dị elu na-emegharị ma na-agbanye ọkụ.

Ujo ikuku cyclic a na-ebute oke nrụgide n'ibu n'ofe nchara steepụ steepụ na mgbanaka tubular crimped. Igwe alumini dị obere 18 ruo 20-nlele na-enweta ike ọgwụgwụ ọkụ, kristal metal, na mgbaji weld. Ozugbo mgbawa na-amalite site na mgbidi nke na-ekpo ọkụ, ihe ndị na-emepụta ọkụ na-egbu egbu gụnyere carbon monoxide na-egbu egbu na nitrogen dioxide na-adaba ozugbo n'ime ụlọ ọkọnọ ebe obibi, na-ebute nnukwu ihe egwu asphyxiation.

Ntụle nyocha ọnọdụ ọdịda HVAC¶

Ịmata ụdị ọdịda a kapịrị ọnụ n'ime onye na-ahụ maka ikuku na-ekpebi ma ngbanwe capacitor dị ọnụ ala na-eweghachi ọrụ ma ọ bụ ngbanwe moto na ikpo ọkụ zuru oke bụ iwu. Tebụlụ dị n'okpuru na-akọwapụta ụdị ọdịda mbụ yana njirimara nchọpụta.

Ọdịda capacitor nkewa na-adịgide adịgide na-anọchite anya nrụzi kachasị na-adịkwa mgbe niile. Capacitor dara ada na-egbochi moto ahụ imepụta torque mmalite, na-ahapụ rotor humming ka ọ na-ese ekpochi-rotor ugbu a.

N'aka nke ọzọ, ọkụ na-eku ume na ọdịdọ ibu chọrọ ngbanwe moto zuru oke. Ọ bụrụ na ikuku ọla kọpa na-egosi ịcha ojii ma ọ bụ na-ewepụta isi na-ere ọkụ, ndakpọ mkpuchi dị n'ime agaghị agbanwe agbanwe. Ịgbalị ịgba ọsọ moto mebiri emebi na-etinye ọkụ n'ụlọ yana mmejọ arc eletrik dị egwu.

Gbaa capacitor nke anụ ahụ na eletriki diagnostic matrix¶

Nyochaa n'ụzọ ziri ezi ahụike capacitor chọrọ ijikọ nlele anya na nnwale ike multimeter dijitalụ. Tebụlụ dị n'okpuru na-akọwapụta ọnọdụ a na-ahụ anya, ọgụgụ eletrik na omume ọrụ achọrọ.

Multimeters dijitalụ nwere ọnọdụ nha ike (akara akara na microfarads ma ọ bụ uF) na-enye nyocha nke ọma. Mgbe a na-anwale, ike a tụrụ atụ ga-adaba n'ime nnabata akara, nke na-abụkarị gbakwunye-ma ọ bụ-mwepu 5 pasent ma ọ bụ gbakwunye-ma ọ bụ-mwepu 10%.

Ihe ikike nke nwere akara 10 microfarad nwere gbakwunyere ma ọ bụ mwepu 5 pasent ga-enwerịrị n'etiti 9.5 na 10.5 microfarads. Ọ bụrụ na mita ahụ na-agụ 8.8 microfarads, akụrụngwa ahụ efuola ihe karịrị pasenti 10 nke ikike dielectric ya. Ịrụ moto nwere capacitor mebiri emebi na-ebelata ikike mmalite nke moto site na pasent 30 ruo 50, na-eme ka mmalite dị umengwụ na oke ikuku ọkụ.

Mwepu ọkụ-nzọụkwụ nke nzọụkwụ na usoro nyocha nchọpụta¶

Ime nyocha nke ọma maka ọdịda ikuku onye na-ahụ maka ikuku chọrọ ikewapụ ọkụ eletrọnịkị ọzụzụ, mwepu ike echekwara, na nleba anya nyocha. Soro usoro ndị a n'usoro iji gbochie oke ujo ọkụ eletrik na ọnya igwe.

Nkeji 1: Mwepu ọkụ eletrik dị elu¶

Malite site n'ịbelata ike na thermostat. Wepụ ngbanwe sistemu temometa ka ọ bụrụ gbanyụọ wee gbanwee fan gaa na AUTO. Nke a na-akwụsị oku ọzọ 24-volt dị ala site na bọọdụ njikwa.

Chọta ebe mgba ọkụ na-akwụsị ọrụ eletrik ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ kabinet ọkụ. Tụgharịa ngbanwe ahụ ala gaa n'ọnọdụ gbanyụọ. Gaa na panel nke sekit sekit ebe obibi ma gbanyụọ sekit nke alaka ụlọ ọrụ akpọrọ Furnace, Air Handler, ma ọ bụ HVAC.

Wepu ọnụ ụzọ ịnweta ọkụ ọkụ dị elu na ọnụ ụzọ ịnweta ikuku nke ala. Nyochaa voltaji eletriki efu gafee ọdụ ahịrị site na iji ihe nleba anya voltaji na-abụghị kọntaktị ma ọ bụ multimeter dijitalụ setịpụrụ na volts ọzọ ugbu a. Nwalee ọkụ-na-anọpụ iche, na-ekpo ọkụ-na-ala, na-anọpụ iche-na-ala. Aga n'ihu ruo mgbe ekwenyere voltaji efu n'ofe ndị nduzi niile.

Nkeji 2: Nnwale igwe igwe na-agbagharị agbagharị¶

Site na ike eletrik agbanyụrụ kpamkpam, nyochaa mmegharị anụ ahụ nke wiil ịfụfụ centrifugal.

Fanye dowel osisi kpọrọ nkụ, mkpanaka rọba, ma ọ bụ ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi site na oghere ebe a na-eri ihe na-afụ ụfụ iji metụ oghere squirrel aka. Jiri nwayọọ kpalie agụba n'ụzọ ntụgharị nkịtị. Ejila mkpịsị aka efu mee ule a.

Ọ bụrụ na wiil ahụ na-agbagharị n'efu ma na-agafe ruo ọtụtụ sekọnd na-enweghị egweri ma ọ bụ nguzogide, mgbaka moto na mkpochapụ wiil na-anọgide na-ada ụda nke ọma. Nke a na-akwado ọdịda eletrik, dị ka capacitor ịgba ọsọ, ikuku ikuku mepere emepe, ma ọ bụ njikwa njikwa dara ada.

Ọ bụrụ na wiil ahụ na-egbochi mmegharị ahụ, kee ya nke ọma, ma ọ bụ na-egweri n'olu dara ụda megide ígwè, ọdịdọ igwe na-ebu ma ọ bụ ngbanwe wiil emela. Ọ bụrụ na enweghị ike iji ike ntuziaka na-agafeghị oke gbanye wiilịlụ, ogwe moto ahụ ejidela ya n'ime agba ya, na-enye iwu ngbanwe moto.

Nkeji 3: Gbaa mwepu na mwepụ nchekwa capacitor¶

Capacitors na-echekwa ọkụ eletrik dị ugbu a dị elu-voltaji ọbụlagodi mgbe ebipụrụ ike ezinụlọ. Imetụ ọnụ ọnụ capacitor dị ndụ nwere ike iwepụta ujo eletrik na-egbu mgbu ma dị ize ndụ.

Kwadebe igbapu capacitor. Nweta 20,000-ohm, 2-watt wirewound ceramic resistor, ma ọ bụ jiri screwdriver ọkwa eletrọnịkị nke na-egosipụta aka rọba mkpuchi siri ike nke e debere maka 1,000 volts.

Jikọọ na metal shank nke insulated screwdriver gafee capacitor ọnụ posts, ịkpọtụrụ ndị nkịtị ọnụ na Fan ọnụ n'out oge. Jikwaa kọntaktị maka sekọnd ise na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-eji capacitor nke okpukpu abụọ na-eje ozi ma ihe na-afụ ọkụ na compressor, bridge Common to Hermetic nakwa. Obere snap ma ọ bụ ọkụ na-akwado mwepu nke voltaji fọdụrụnụ.

Lelee n'elu nke ihe mkpuchi aluminom. Ọ bụrụ na elu elu na-ehulata n'èzí ka ọ bụrụ convex afụ, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na mmiri mmanu mmanu na-ekpuchi ọnụ, ihe nkwụsịtụ n'ime ahụ ebutela. Tọpụ eriri igwe na-arị elu, kwụpụ njikọ nke na-agbanye na spade site na iji ngwa agịga-imi, ma wepụ capacitor mebiri emebi na kabinet.

Ndepụta akụrụngwa na akụrụngwa nyocha¶

Nchọpụta ziri ezi na nrụzi nchekwa nke moto ịfụfụ chọrọ ngwa eletriki na igwe pụrụ iche. Tebụl dị n'okpuru na-edepụta ngwá ọrụ achọrọ na akụrụngwa nchedo onwe onye.

Nchedo ọkụ eletrik n'ụlọ dum arụnyere na isi ihe na-emebi emebi na-ebelata ọnụego ọdịda ike ịgba ọsọ. Ọkpụkpụ voltaji na-adịru nwa oge kpatara site na ngbanwe grid ọrụ ma ọ bụ àmụmà na-emebi ihe nkiri polypropylene dielectric capacitor ka oge na-aga. Ịwụnye ngwaọrụ nchebe ụdị 2 raara onwe ya nye na ọkụ na-ewepụ mgba ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ na-adịru nwa oge n'okpuru 330 volts, na-echebe mmanụ dielectric na-emetụ n'ahụ na modul inverter ECM site na mbibi ọdachi.

Koodu ụlọ ọrụ na ụkpụrụ nchekwa nwụnye¶

A na-achịkwa usoro kpo oku na ikuku ebe obibi site n'ịrụ ọrụ siri ike, gas mmanụ ọkụ, na koodu eletrik iji chebe ndị bi na ọkụ, ikuku gas na-egbu egbu, na ihe egwu eletrik.

National Fire Protection Association na-ebipụta NFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code. NFPA 54 Nkeji 9.3 nyere iwu na a ga-etinyerịrị ihe na-enye ikuku combustion na ngwa kpo oku iji gbochie oke okpomọkụ na ndị na-agbanwe ọkụ. NFPA 90B, Standard for Installation of Warm Air Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems, na-achịkwa nrụnye duct na njikwa oke okpomọkụ, na-enye iwu na ndị na-agba ọkụ na-akpaghị aka ga-ewepụrịrị mmanụ ọkụ tupu ikuku ikuku gafere 121 degrees Celsius (250 degrees Fahrenheit).

Koodu Eletriki Mba (NEC), nke e bipụtara dị ka NFPA 70, na-ekwupụta wiwi eletriki maka akụrụngwa kpo oku n'okpuru Nkeji edemede 422 na Nkeji edemede 430. Nkebi nke 422.31 na-enye iwu ka enwere ike ịgbanyụ ọkụ eletrik na-ahụ n'ihu ụlọ ọrụ ngwa, na-enye ikewapụ ike ozugbo n'oge ihe mberede. NEC Nkeji edemede 430 na-achịkwa nchebe sekit alaka moto, na-enye iwu nchekwa oke ọkụ maka moto ike-ịnyịnya.

Na Canada, nrụnye ọkụ na-eso CSA B149.1, Natural Gas na Propane Installation Code, n'akụkụ Canadian Electric Code (CEC). N'ofe Europe, usoro kpo oku na-agbaso ụkpụrụ European EN 60335-2-102 maka nchekwa eletriki ngwa gas na EN 50165 maka ngwa eletriki nke ngwa ọkụ ọkụ anaghị ekpo ọkụ.

Nyochaa iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke onye na-agbanwe ọkụ yana mweghachi ihe mere mgbe emechara¶

N'ịgbaso ọdịdọ moto ikuku enwetara enwetara ebe ndị na-ere ọkụ na-agbagharị ugboro ugboro na mgba ọkụ dị oke elu, ihe niile na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ ga-enwerịrị nnwale nchekwa siri ike na-adịghị emebi emebi tupu usoro kpo oku laghachite n'ọrụ.

Ndị ọkachamara HVAC ọkachamara na-eme usoro nyocha nke ọma gafee usoro nyocha ise: - Nnyocha borescope a na-ahụ anya na-enyocha akụkụ ndị siri ike, ọnụ mmiri ndị kpara akpa, na ihe mkpuchi ọkụ nwere igwefoto na-esepụta ihe iji chọta mgbaji ntutu isi ma ọ bụ mwepu ọkụ. - Ntụle ọkụ na-atụ ihe mejupụtara gas flue, ebe ikuku oxygen na-ada na mberede ma ọ bụ carbon monoxide spikes n'elu ịgbalite ikuku na-ekpughe mgbidi ndị na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ. - Nnwale ọpụrụiche dị iche iche nke nrụgide na-achọpụta mkpụmkpụ nrụgide n'ime ụlọ ọkụ na-akpata site n'inweta ikuku na-esi na sel gbawara agbawa. - Mwepu ikuku na ndochi akụrụngwa na-ewepụ ihe nkiri kemịkalụ chara acha na ndị na-anakọta HEPA, wụnye moto na capacitors akara, wee chọpụta na ọ na-arụ ọrụ nchekwa site na nnwale ọkụ.

Ajụjụ a na-ajụkarị¶

Enwere m ike ịgba ikuku ikuku ma ọ bụ mgbapụta ọkụ ma ọ bụrụ na ejidere moto ikuku ọkụ?¶

Ị nweghị ike ịgbanye igwe mkpuchi ikuku etiti ma ọ bụ mgbapụta ọkụ ma ọ bụrụ na ejidere moto ịfụ ọkụ ọkụ. Sistemu jụrụ oyi na etiti chọrọ ikuku na-aga n'ihu gafee igwe ikuku evaporator ime ụlọ iji nweta okpomọkụ site na oghere ndị dị ndụ. Na-enweghị ikuku, eriri igwe evaporator na-adaba n'okpuru oyi n'ime nkeji nkeji, na-etinye tubing ọla kọpa n'ime ebe siri ike nke ice. Na-agba ọsọ compressor megide eriri igwe oyi kpọnwụrụ na-akpata iju mmiri refrigerant azụ n'ime cylinders compressor, na-emebi valvụ dị n'ime ma na-ebute ọdịda compressor dị egwu.

Gịnị mere ọkụ m ji fepụ anwụrụ ọkụ na-esi n'oghere ikuku mgbe ọkụ adịghị?¶

Igwe ọkụ na-afụ anwụrụ ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ site na ikuku ikuku n'oge ikuku na-ada ụda n'ihi na moto na-afụ ụfụ ma ọ bụ capacitor na-agba ọsọ na-ekpo ọkụ na oke okpomọkụ n'ime ikuku ikuku. Mgbe capacitor gbawara, mmanụ dielectric vaporizes n'ime anwụrụ ọkụ aerosol ọcha nke na-enye ọwa mmiri na-ekesa n'ime ụlọ. Igwe rotor akpọchiri akpọchi na-adọta amperage dị elu nke na-eme ka ikuku stator ọla kọpa gaa na 200 degrees Celsius (392 degrees Fahrenheit), na-eme mkpuchi enamel sịntetik n'ime uzu ọkụ kemịkalụ na-esi ísì ọjọọ na-enweghị ọkụ mepere emepe.

Enwere m ike ịwụnye capacitor ọsọ nwere akara microfarad dị elu karịa nke mbụ?¶

Ịkwesighi ịwụnye capacitor na-agba ọsọ nwere akara microfarad dị elu karịa nke akọwapụtara na mpempe aha moto. Ịwụnye capacitor buru ibu na-emepụta oke oge mgbanwe oge n'ime moto mmalite winding, na-ebute oke ikuku ọkụ, ịba ụba ike, na ike ọgwụgwụ moto akabeghị aka. Ọ bụ ezie na ị nwere ike ịwụnye capacitor nke nwere oke voltaji dị elu (dịka iji dochie otu 370-volt na otu 440-volt), ọkwa microfarad ga-adaba na nkọwapụta ụlọ ọrụ n'ime gbakwunyere-ma ọ bụ-mwepu 5 percent.

Kedu ka m ga-esi mara ma ọ bụrụ na igwe na-ekpo ọkụ m gbawara mgbe onye na-afụ ọkụ kwụsịrị ịrụ ọrụ?¶

Ịmata ihe mgbawa ọkụ gbawara agbawa chọrọ ileba anya n'omume ire ọkụ yana nyochaa ọkwa carbon monoxide. Mgbe onye na-eku ọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe na-agbanye, lelee ọkụ ọkụ gas na-esi n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nlele: ọ bụrụ na ọkụ na-efegharị, na-efegharị, ma ọ bụ na-apụ na ihu ọkụ ahụ, ikuku ikuku sitere na ikuku na-abanye n'ime ụlọ ọkụ site na mgbape nhazi. Ngwa ngwa ịgbalite mkpuchi carbon monoxide nke ezinụlọ n'oge usoro ikpo ọkụ na-enye ihe akaebe doro anya nke mgbawa ọkụ, na-achọ mmechi sistemụ ozugbo.

Asambodo enyemaka mbụ¶

Ijikwa ihe mberede anwụrụ ọkụ n'ime ụlọ, mkpughe uzuzu na-egbu egbu, na mpụta carbon monoxide nwere ike ime chọrọ ọzụzụ ọgba aghara bara uru. Anyị na-akwadosi ike ịmecha enyemaka mbụ gbaara agbazi, CPR, na nchekwa nchekwa obibi nke ndị otu a ma ama dị ka American Red Cross, St John Ambulance, Canadian Red Cross, ma ọ bụ ọrụ ahụike mberede mpaghara na-enye. Ọzụzụ bara uru na-ekpuchi oke ikuku oxygen, njikwa ụzọ ikuku n'oge ikuru anwụrụ ọkụ, mmetọ anya kemịkalụ, na usoro mgbapụ ezinụlọ. Nkà iji aka eme ihe na-ewulite ihe dị jụụ, na-eme mkpebi mgbe ọdịda igwe ngwa ngwa dara n'ụlọ gị.

enyochara isi mmalite¶

• National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 54: National Fuel Gas Code
• Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Nchekwa Ọkụ nke Mba (NFPA) 90B: Ụkpụrụ maka ntinye nke ikpo ọkụ ikuku na ikuku oyi.
• Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Nchekwa Ọkụ nke Mba (NFPA) 70: Koodu Eletrịkị Mba (NEC)
• Ụlọ ihe na-ekuku ikuku, ikpo ọkụ, na refrigeration (AHRI): Ọkụ ebe obibi na ụkpụrụ ikuku.
• Laboratories Underwriters (UL): Ọkọlọtọ 1995, Nchekwa Ngwa kpo oku na jụrụ oyi
• Canadian Standards Association (CSA): CSA B149.1, Natural Gas na Propane nwụnye Code
• Kọmịshọna Nchekwa Ngwaahịa Ndị Ahịa (CPSC): Ihe ize ndụ Carbon Monoxide na Sistemụ kpo oku obibi

Ntuziaka emetụtara¶

• Oti mkpu carbon monoxide na ihe mberede nsi
• Ọkụ eletrik na nchekwa ọkụ
• Ikuku ntụ oyi ọdịda na oke okpomọkụ
• Ụlọ kpo oku mmanụ ọkụ puffback na soot gbawara
• Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na nchekwa ikuku gas