Kubatsira mwana kuburikidza nekunetseka kwebvunzo: zviratidzo zvekunyevera uye zvekutaura¶

Kuona mwana wako achinetseka nekumanikidzwa kwebvunzo kwakaoma. Unoda kubatsira, asi zviri nyore kutaura zvisizvo, kusundira zvakanyanya kana kudhonzera kumashure zvakanyanya. Mashoko akanaka ndeokuti vabereki vane pesvedzero huru kupfuura yavanofunga, uye zviito zviduku, zvakatsiga pamusha zvinogona kuita musiano chaiwoiwo pamabatiro anoita wechiduku.

Gwaro iri nderevabereki, vachengeti nevachengeti vevana nevachiri kuyaruka. Rinotsanangura zviratidzo zvokusagadzikana mupfungwa uye zvechimwe chinhu chakakomba zvikuru, zvokutaura nezvatinofanira kudzivisa, nzira yokugadza nayo muitiro wakadzikama, nzira yokushanda nayo nechikoro, uye nguva yokubatanidza chiremba, chipangamazano kana kuti mutsara wenhamo. Kana mwana wako ari munjodzi, fonera nhamba yako ye emergency emergency (911 muUnited States neCanada, 112 mhiri kweEuropean Union, 999 kuUnited Kingdom).

Ita izvi ikozvino¶

1. Gara wakadzikama utange wateerera. Garai nemwana wenyu musina screen kana lecture mobvunza kuti, "Uri kunzwa sei nezvebvunzo?" Ipapo regai vataure.
2. Ongorora zvakakosha. Tarisa kurara, kudya, mvura, kufamba uye nguva kunze. Zvigadziriso zvidiki pano zvinowanzo batsira kupfuura kudzidza kwakawedzerwa.
3. Tsvaga zviratidzo zveyambiro. Cherechedza kuchinja kwemafungiro, kurara, chido chekudya, maitiro kana hutano hwemuviri hunotora mavhiki mashoma kana kuti hunoita sehwakanyanya.
4. Bvunza zvakananga nezvechengeteko kana uri kushushikana. Kana uchifunga kuti mwana wako angave ari kufunga kuzvikuvadza kana kuzviuraya, bvunza nounyoro uye zviri pachena, gara naye, uye ubate runhare rwenjodzi kana rubatsiro rwechimbichimbi.
5. Bata chikoro. Taura nemurairidzi wefomu, chipangamazano kana mukuru webvunzo nezverutsigiro, kusanganisira pekugara pabvunzo kana zvichidiwa.
6. Chengetedza kumba kwakagadzikana. Ramba uchifunga nezvenguva, kudya uye nguva dzekurara, uye ronga chimwe chinhu chinofadza zuva rega rega.

The nhamba dze emergency peji rinoratidza vanosangana nedambudziko kune dzimwe nyika. Kana mwana wako ari munjodzi izvozvi, usamirire: fonera nhamba yako ye emergency emergency.

Sei bvunzo dzichinetsa vana¶

Mazamanishoni ane basa kune vechidiki nekuti anoita kunge ane makiyi eramangwana ravo. Uropi hwavo huchiri kukura, uye nzvimbo dzinobata kuronga uye kudzora manzwiro hadzina kunyatsokura kusvika pakati pemakumi maviri. Izvozvo zvinoreva kuti manzwiro akasimba anogona kunzwa achikurira, uye kudzokera shure kunogona kunzwa kusingagumi.

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kuwedzera kudzvinyirira:

• Bvunzo dzepamusoro dzinoumba chikoro, yunivhesiti kana sarudzo dzebasa.
• Kuenzanisa neshamwari, vanun'una kana pasocial media.
• Zvinotarisirwa, kutaura kana kusataura, kubva kumhuri, kuchikoro kana kumwana pachake.
• Perfectionism, iyo inogadza mipimo iyo hapana anogona kuzadzisa.
• Kurara zvisina kunaka, kubatikana kuronga kana kushaikwa kwekuzorora.
• Kushushikana kuripo, kuora mwoyo, kusiyana kwekudzidza kana mamiriro ehutano.
• Zvimwe zvinonetsa kumba kana kuchikoro, zvakadai sekudheerera, kukakavadzana kwemhuri, kunetseka nemari kana kurasikirwa.

Kushungurudzika hakusi nguva dzose kunokuvadza. Dzvinyiriro ine mwero inogona kurodza kutarisa. Chinetso chinotanga apo dzvinyiriro inorema, inotora nguva refu, kana kuti inosiya pasina nzvimbo yekuzorora nomufaro.

Normal stress kana chimwe chinhu¶

Zvinogona kuva zvakaoma kuziva kana mwana wako ari kurarama kana kutambura. Tafura iri pazasi inopa gwara rakashata. Haisi chirwere, uye iwe unonyatsoziva mwana wako.

Kana akati wandei ane chekuita nezviratidzo akaonekwa pamwechete, anopedza mavhiki maviri, kana kuti unongonzwa kunetseka, ita chiito. Zviri nani kutarisa uye kuona kuti zvese zvakanaka pane kumirira.

Yambiro zviratidzo zvakadzama¶

Zviratidzo zvepfungwa. Kuchema, kushatirwa, kushatirwa, kuchinja-chinja kwezvinyamusi, kugara uchinetseka, kusafara kana kuti kunyara, kunzwa kuremerwa, kana kuti kupusa kana kuti kukundikana.

Zviratidzo zvemuviri. Kutemwa nemusoro, kurwadza kwemudumbu, kusvotwa, kuneta, moyo unomhanya, chipfuva chakaoma, kudedera, kurwara nguva nenguva, uye kuchinja pakurara kana kuda kudya.

Zviratidzo zvemaitiro. Kunzvenga kudzokorodza kana kudzokorodza zvakapfurikidza, kuverengera, kurovha chikoro, kurega kushamwaridzani, kusafarira zvinhu zvinokuvaraidza, kuwedzera nguva uri pamasikirini, kurumwa zvipikiri kana kutsenga ganda, kana kushandisa doro, caffeine kana zvimwe zvinhu kuti urarame.

Zviratidzo zvekufunga. Kuda kukwana, kufunga kwevatema nechena, kutya kukundikana, kuomerwa nekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe, kuvharika kwendangariro, uye kudzokororwa kutaura kwakashata pamusoro pavo kana ramangwana ravo.

Zviratidzo zvemureza mutsvuku. Taura nezvekuda kufa kana kunyangarika, kuzvikuvadza, kupa zvinhu, kutaura zvakanaka, kudzikama kamwe kamwe mushure menguva yakaderera, kana kutaura kwakadai sekuti "munhu wese angave nani pasina ini." Izvi zvinoda kutarisirwa nokukurumidza. Ona chikamu chiri pasi apa pamusoro pekuchengeteka.

Zvekutaura¶

Matauriro aunoita anogona kuvhura hurukuro kana kuivhara. Vavarira kudziya, kuda kuziva uye pfupi.

Kutanga hurukuro¶

• "Ndaona kuti une stress. Uri kunzwa sei pabvunzo?"
• "Chii chakanyanya kuoma izvozvi?"
• "Pane zvandingaite here zvingaite kuti svondo rino rive nyore?"
• "I am not here to lecture. I want to understand."

Sarudza nguva nenzvimbo ine dzvinyiriro yakaderera, zvakadai semumotokari, pakufamba kana kuti paunenge uchibika. Vechiduku vakawanda vanoona zviri nyore kutaura vari padivi pane kutarisana. Kana vakati "hapana" kana "Ndiri nani," usasundidzira. Iti, "Zvakanaka, ndiri pano pese paunoda kutaura," uye wozotevera.

Mashoko anotsigira¶

• "Chero chii chinoitika, ndinokuda uye ndinodada nekuedza kwauri kuita."
• "Kukosha kwako hakuyerwe nemaresults ebvunzo."
• "Hazvinetsi kunzwa kutya. Vanhu vakawanda vanodaro."
• "Zvakaoma hazvo. Ndatenda nekundiudza."
• "Ngatigadzirire danho rinotevera pamwe chete."
• "Kana bvunzo iyi ikasaenda sezvakarongwa, kune mamwe makwara."
• "Haufanire kunge wakakwana."

Kuteerera zvakanaka¶

• Ipa kutarisisa kwako kuzere uye isa foni yako pasi.
• Fungisisa zvaunonzwa: "Zvinoita sekunge uri kutyira kuti uchapererwa nenguva."
• Ramba kuda kugadzirisa zvinhu zvese ipapo. Bvunza, "Munoda mazano here, kana kuti munoda kuti nditeerere?"
• Bvuma manzwiro pasina kupopotedzana. "Ndiri kuona kuti sei uchifunga kudaro."
• Chengeta inzwi rako rakadzikama uye muviri wako wakasununguka.
• Iva nemoyo murefu nekunyarara.

Zvekunzvenga kutaura¶

Zvaunotarisira¶

Zvibvunze nekutendeseka: ndeapi mameseji, kunyangwe asina kutaurwa, aunotumira nezvemhedzisiro? Vana vanocherechedza inzwi, kugomera uye maitiro kune mamakisi. Ita shuwa kuti rudo rwako haruna kuenderana nekuita. Tarisa uone kana chinangwa chiri chinangwa chemwana wako zvechokwadi, kana kuti chawakaisa paari.

Kutsigira kunoshanda kumba¶

Chimiro chakadzikama, chinofanotaurwa¶

• Chengeta nguva dzekudya nguva dzose, nguva dzekurara uye nguva dzekumuka.
• Ronga nguva yekudzidza, yekudya, yekufamba uye yekuzorora.
• Chengetedza nzvimbo yekufunda yakanyarara, ine chiedza chakanaka.
• Bvumiranai pane yechokwadi yekudzokorora nguva pamwe chete, nekuzorora uye zuva kana hafu yezuva rekuzorora svondo rega rega.
• Chengeta upenyu hwemhuri sehwakajairika sezvinobvira, kusanganisira nguva yokunakidzwa.

Rara¶

Kurara ndipo apo uropi hunochengeta kudzidza uye kugadzirisa mafungiro. Vechidiki vanowanzoda maawa masere kusvika gumi, uye vana vadiki zvakanyanya, maererano neAmerican Academy of Sleep Medicine. Kurudzira sikirini isina mhepo pasi kweawa isati yarara, imba inotonhorera ine rima uye chirongwa chakatsiga. Kukandira pakati pehusiku kazhinji kunodzosera kumashure. Kuti uwane matipi, ona gwara pa manheru pamberi pemuedzo mukuru.

Zvokudya nemvura¶

• Ipa chikafu chenguva dzose neprotein, inononoka kuburitsa macarbohydrates, michero nemiriwo.
• Chengetedza zvokudya zvinovaka muviri zvine utano uye mvura munzvimbo inosvikira nzvimbo yefundo.
• Usataure nezveuremu kana kudya nenzira inotsoropodza.
• Deredza caffeine, uye kuderedza zvinwiwa zvesimba. Miviri yehutano yakadai seAmerican Academy yePediatrics inopa zano pamusoro pezvinwiwa zvesimba zvevana nevechiri kuyaruka.
• Cherechedza chero shanduko mukudya inogona kuratidza dambudziko rakadzama.

Movement uye mweya mutsva¶

Kunyangwe maminetsi makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu ekufamba, kuchovha bhasikoro, kutamba kana kutamba kunobatsira kupisa mahormone ekushushikana uye kunatsiridza manzwiro uye kurara. Itai kuti muende pamwe chete kana mwana wako akabvuma.

Kupwanya uye kufara¶

Kuzorora mapfupi ega ega 30 kusvika 50 maminetsi ekudzidza anobatsira kutarisa. Ronga chimwe chinhu chinonakidza zuva rega rega: mimhanzi, mutambo, kufona neshamwari, chikafu chaunofarira, nguva nemhuka dzinovaraidza. Zororo haritambisirwe nguva. Inoita kuti kudzidza kushande zvakanaka.

Kuderedza ruzha uye kumanikidza¶

• Chengetedza kunetseka kwako kunze kwemba zvakanyanya sezvaunokwanisa.
• Usabvunza nguva dzose kana kutarisa kufambira mberi kakawanda pazuva.
• Ipa rubatsiro pane kutarisira.
• Ipa mwana wako muridzi wechirongwa chake, newe serutsigiro.
• Vadzivirire pakuenzaniswa nevamwe.

Rubatsiro rwekudzidza runobatsira¶

Kurudzirai nzira dzekudzidza dzinoshanda kwete kuverengazve kusingaperi: mapepa apfuura, makadhi emakadhi, kutsanangura misoro zvinonzwika, uye bvunzo pfupi dzekudzidzira. Zvipire kuva muteereri, kwete mudzidzisi, kunze kwokunge vakumbira. Kana vachida rubatsiro rwakawedzerwa, bvunza chikoro nezvekudzidzisa kana rubatsiro rwekudzidza. Kana nguva ipfupi, gwara rinoenderera kukorokoza zvakachengeteka kana nguva iri pfupi inoronga hurongwa hwechokwadi uye inonyevera nezvenjodzi dzecaffeine, zvinwiwa zvinosimbisa simba uye kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwemapiritsi anokurudzira.

Dzidzisa unyanzvi hwekudzikamisa¶

Unogona kudzidza izvi pamwe chete, uye dzidzira kana wakadzikama:

• Kufema zvishoma nezvishoma: mukati kune mana, kunze kwechitanhatu kusvika masere.
• 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 kudzika uchishandisa pfungwa.
• Kusimbisa tsandanyama uye kuzorora.
• Mafambo mapfupi.
• Kunyora kunetseka pasi usati warara.

Mutungamiriri on kuedza kufunganya pazuva rebvunzo inotsanangura nzira dzinogona kushandiswa nemwana wako mukamuri rebvunzo.

Kushanda nechikoro¶

Zvikoro zvinoona kushushikana kwebvunzo gore rega rega, uye zvinogona kubatsira munzira dzakawanda.

Ndiani wekubata¶

• Fomu mudzidzisi kana mudzidzisi wekirasi.
• Chipangamazano wechikoro kana mutungamiri wevafundisi.
• Special education needs coordinator kana tsigiro yekudzidza.
• Exams officer, yegadziriro nemitemo.
• Musoro wegore kana mutungamiri wezano.

Zvekubvunza¶

• Mwana wangu ari kuita sei mukirasi uye bvunzo dzemock?
• Uri kuona zviratidzo zvekushushikana here?
• Rutsigiro rwupi rwuripo: kuraira, hunyanzvi hwekudzidza, zvirongwa zvekudzokorora, kutungamira?
• Mwana wangu angakwanisa here kuwana pekugara pabvunzo sekuwedzera nguva, kuzorora kana kamuri rakaparadzana? Ona gwara pa kuyedza pekugara uye kuwana rutsigiro.
• Chii chinoitwa kana mwana wangu achirwara kana kuti ane panic attack pazuva rebvunzo?
• Ndiani watingabata kana tichinetseka?

Goverana zvaunoziva¶

Udza chikoro nezvehutano hwakakodzera, kunetseka, kuchinja kwemhuri kana kufirwa. Vashandi havagone kutsigira zvavasingazive nezvazvo. Bvunza mwana wako kutanga, uye vasanganisire mukurukurirano, kuti anzwe achiremekedzwa.

Kana zuva rebvunzo rasvika¶

Vhiki pamberi¶

• Chengetedza maitiro akatsiga uye dzivirira kuchinja kweminiti yekupedzisira.
• Tarisa zvinhu pamwe chete: misi, nguva, nzvimbo, ID, zvishandiso.
• Kurudzira kuzorora uye kudzokorora kwakareruka, kwete kupengereka cramming.
• Bvunza kuti chii chinovabatsira kuti vanzwe kudzikama, uye vape.

Husiku hwapfuura¶

• Ipa chisvusvuro chemazuva ose uye manheru akanyarara.
• Batsira kurongedza bhegi kana vachida.
• Chengetedza masikirini pasi uye imba yakadzikama.
• Taura chimwe chinhu chipfupi uye chinodziya.

Mangwanani¶

• Gadzira kudya kwemangwanani uye chengetedza hurukuro.
• Siyai nguva yakawanda, uye dzivisai kupopotedzana.
• Taura zvakanaka uye muchidimbu: "Wagadzirira. Ndinodada newe. Tozoonana."
• Dzivisa paminiti yekupedzisira kubvunza.

Kana chimwe chinhu chisina kumira zvakanaka pazuva¶

Kana mwana wako achirwara, akarasa chitupa, akanonoka kana kuti aine matambudziko ehunyanzvi, fonera chikoro kana nzvimbo yebvunzo nekukurumidza. Mutungamiriri on bvunzo zuva Logistics uye emergency inotaura zvokuita uye kuti kufunga kunokosha kunoshanda sei.

Mushure mebvunzo¶

• Ipa chikafu uye kumbundira pamberi pehurukuro ipi neipi.
• Rega mwana wako asarudze kana otaura nezve bepa.
• Dzivisa zvakadzama post-mortems.
• Ronga chimwe chinhu chinonakidza.
• Kana dzimwe bvunzo dzikatevera, batsira mwana wako kuti azorore uye afunge zvakare.

Kana maresults anoodza moyo¶

Mapinduriro aunoita kunhau dzinoodza mwoyo anogona kuumba kupora kwomwana wako. Ramba wakadzikama, teerera, uye dzivisa kupomerwa. Tarisa pamanzwiro kutanga uye sarudzo yechipiri. Mutungamiriri on zvekuita mushure memhedzisiro yakaipa inovhara maawa ekutanga, zvikumbiro, kutorazve uye dzimwe nzira. Rangarira kuti pwere zhinji dzinonzwa kunyara kukuru panguva ino, uye rudo rwako rwakatsiga runokosha kupfuura giredhi ripi neripi.

Kuchengeteka: kana kushushikana kukava dambudziko¶

Kunyanya kushushikana kwebvunzo kunopasa. Asi vamwe vechiduku vanoremerwa zvokufunga nezvokuzvikuvadza. Tora chero kutaura kwekuzvikuvadza kana kuzviuraya zvakanyanya, kunyangwe zvichiratidzika kunge zvisirizvo kana iwe uchifunga kuti ndezvekutarisa.

Yambiro zviratidzo zvedambudziko¶

• Kutaura zvekuda kufa, kunyangarika kana kusave pano.
• Vachiti mutoro kana kuti munhu wese angave nani pasina ivo.
• Kusava netariro nezveramangwana.
• Kupa zvinhu kana kutaura zvakanaka.
• Kutsvaga pamhepo nzira dzekuzvikuvadza.
• Kudzikama kamwe kamwe mushure menguva yekutambudzika kukuru.
• Kubvisa kubva kumunhu wese.
• Kuwedzera kunwa kana kushandisa zvinodhaka.
• Kukuvara kana mavanga anoratidza kuzvikuvadza.
• Hunhu husina hanya kana hune ngozi.

Zvekuita¶

1. Gara nemwana wako. Usamusiye ega kana uchifunga kuti ari panjodzi.
2. Bvunza zvakananga uye wakadzikama. "Uri kufunga kuzvikuvadza here kana kuzviuraya?" Kubvunza hakuisi pfungwa yacho mupfungwa dzavo. Inovhura musuwo wekutaura kwechokwadi.
3. Teererai musingatonge. Ngavataure. Usaite nharo kana kurerutsa.
4. **Bvisa kuwana nzira ** kana uchikwanisa kuita izvi zvakachengeteka, semishonga, zvinhu zvinopinza kana zvimwe zvinhu, wozvichengetedza.
5. Batsirwa izvozvi. Kana paine njodzi iripo kana kuti vazvikuvadza, fonera nhamba yako yenzvimbo yechimbichimbi (911 muUnited States neCanada, 112 kuEuropean Union, 999 muUnited Kingdom). Kana uchida rubatsiro nemazano, fonera kana kutumira mameseji ku988 vari kuUnited States neCanada, vaSamariya panhamba 116 123 vari kuUnited Kingdom neIreland, kana kuti Childline panhamba dzinoti 0800 1111 dzevechidiki vari kuUnited Kingdom. Dzimwe nyika dziripo nhamba dze emergency peji.
6. Ronga rubatsiro rweunyanzvi. Bata chiremba wako, vezveutano hwepfungwa kana chipangamazano wechikoro. Dzokorora mumazuva anotevera.

Nzira yekusarudza yevabereki¶

flowchart TD
    A["Unoona zviratidzo zvekushushikana kwebvunzo"] --> B{"Chero kutaura kwekuzvikuvadza, kuzviuraya kana njodzi yekukurumidza?"}
    B -->|"Hongu"| C["Gara nemwana wako uye fonera emergency emergency kana mutsara wedambudziko"]
    B -->|"Kwete"| D["Tanga hurukuro yakadzikama, yepachivande uye teerera"]
    D --> E["Tarisa kurara, kudya, kufamba uye kuzorora"]
    E --> F{"Zviratidzo zvinogara kwemavhiki e2 kana kukanganisa hupenyu hwezuva nezuva here?"}
    F -->|"Kwete"| G["Chengetedza maitiro ekutsigira uye tarisa mukati zuva nezuva"]
    F -->|"Hongu"| H["Bata mupi wezano wechikoro nachiremba wako"]
    H --> I["Bvunza nezve pekugara pabvunzo uye nekuraira"]
    G --> J["Dzokorora zvakare mushure mebvunzo"]
    I --> J

Nguva yekutsvaga rubatsiro rwenyanzvi¶

Bata chiremba wako kana nyanzvi yehutano hwepfungwa kana mwana wako:

• Yakave yakaderera zvakanyanya, kunetseka kana kutsamwa kweanopfuura mavhiki maviri.
• Anogara achivhunduka.
• Haungarari, kana kurara zvakanyanya, kwemavhiki.
• Kuramba kuenda kuchikoro.
• Anorasikirwa nekufarira shamwari uye mabasa.
• Ane shanduko huru mukudya kana kurema.
• Inoshandisa doro, zvinodhaka kana zvimwe zvinhu kugadzirisa.
• Ane zvichemo zvenyama pasina chikonzero chakajeka.
• Ane chimiro chinozivikanwa chiri kuwedzera kuipa.

Chiremba anogona kutarisa hutano hwemuviri, kuongorora hutano hwepfungwa uye kukurukura nezvekurapa. Mishonga yekutaura, yakadai secognitive behaviour therapy, inokurudzirwa zvakanyanya kushushikana nekuora mwoyo muvechidiki neNational Health Service muUnited Kingdom (NHS) neAmerican Psychological Association. Sarudzo nezvemushonga ndezvachiremba, uye gwara iri haripi zano remishonga. Zvikoro zvakawanda nenharaunda zvinopa mazano nemutengo wakaderera kana pasina, saka bvunza.

Yeuka kuti kutsvaka rubatsiro chiratidzo chokuitira hanya, kwete kukundikana. Rutsigiro rwekutanga kazhinji runopfupisa kuti matambudziko anogara kwenguva yakareba sei.

Kuzvichengeta¶

Vabereki vanotakurawo stress. Kudzikama kwako inzira yemwana wako, saka zvichengetedze.

• Taura zvinokunetsa nemumwe munhu mukuru, shamwari kana chipangamazano.
• Chengetedza kurara kwako, kudya uye kurovedza muviri.
• Zviyeuchidze kuti haufanirwe kugadzirisa zvese.
• Rega kuenzanisa mhuri yako nevamwe.
• Cherechedza maitiro ako pachako kune zvawanikwa, uye zvipe nguva usati wapindura.
• Tsvaka rubatsiro kana iwe uchinzwa kuremerwa kana kushaya tariro iwe pachako.

Ngano dzakajairika¶

Nhema: Kudzvinyirirwa kunogara kwakanakira vana. Kudenha kuri pakati nepakati kunobatsira, asi dzvinyiriro inorema kana kugara ichikuvadza.

*Nhema: Kutaura nezvekuzviuraya kuchaita kuti zvive nyore zvikuru. Kubvunza zvakananga uye nomutsa hakukonzeri, uye kunogona kuunza zororo.

Nhema: Kana vari kudzidza nguva dzose, vari kurarama nazvo. Kunyanya kudzidza kunogona kuva chiratidzo chekuzvidya mwoyo kana kuti kuda kuita zvinhu nenzira yakakwana.

Nhema: Kana vasiri kudzidza, havana basa nazvo. Kunzvenga kunowanzova chiratidzo chekutya kana kuremerwa.

Nhema: Zvinwiwa zvine simba necaffeine zvinovabatsira kuisa pfungwa dzavo. Yakawanda inogona kusimudza kuzvidya mwoyo, kukanganisa kurara uye kukonzera kurova kwemwoyo.

Nhema: Kuzvidya mwoyo kungotsvaka kutariswa chete. Kuzvidya mwoyo ndokwechokwadi uye kunorapika, uye kuzvirega kunogona kuipa.

Rondedzero yevabereki¶

• Ndabvunza kuti mwana wangu ari kunzwa sei, ndikateerera.
• Kurara, kudya, kufamba uye kuzorora zvinodzivirirwa.
• Ini ndinodzivisa kuenzanisa, kutyisidzira uye kutaura kune njodzi.
• Ndinoziva zviratidzo zvekushushikana zvinoda rumwe rubatsiro.
• Ndakabata chikoro nezverutsigiro uye pekugara kana zvichidikanwa.
• Tine hurongwa hwezuva rebvunzo uye mushure mekubuda.
• Ndinoziva nhamba dzedambudziko renyika yangu uye ndakadzichengeta.
• Ndiri kutarisira kugara zvakanaka kwangu.

Mazera akasiyana, zvido zvakasiyana¶

Kushushikana kwebvunzo kunoratidzika kwakasiyana mumunhu ane makore 9, ane makore gumi nemana uye ane makore gumi nemapfumbamwe. Kugadzirisa maitiro ako kuzera ravo kunoita kuti rutsigiro rwako rwuite nyika iri nani.

Vana vaduku (makore anenge 6 kusvika ku11)¶

Vana vadiki vanowanzoratidza kunetseka kuburikidza nemuviri kana maitiro pachinzvimbo chemashoko. Marwadzo emudumbu, kunamatirana, kugumbuka, kurota zvinotyisa kana kuramba kuenda kuchikoro zvinogona kuva zviratidzo. Chengeta maitirwo ari nyore uye anofanotaurwa, ipa simbiso yakawanda, uye chengeta miedzo iri mugwara nekurumbidza kushanda nesimba uye kuda kuziva kwete zvibodzwa. Tamba, kuverenga pamwe chete uye nguva yekunze inodzivirira pfungwa yavo yekuchengeteka. Taura nomudzidzisi kana nhamo dzichiratidzika kuva dziri kukura, sezvo zvikoro zvizhinji zvine mapurogiramu akapfava nokuda kwavana vanonetseka.

Vachiri kuyaruka (makore anenge 12 kusvika ku15)¶

Pazera rino, vechidiki vane hanya zvikuru neshamwari uye kuti vanoenzanisa sei. Vanogona kuvanza kutya kwavo seri kwemajee, kunyarara kana kushatirwa. Vapei nzvimbo, asi rambai varipo, uye vaudzei kutaura padivi nepadivi pavanenge vachifamba kana kuti pakutyaira. Vabatsire kugadza gadziriro yefundo yechokwadi, sezvo vazhinji vachinetseka kuronga nguva. Tarisa zviratidzo zvekuzvishora uye kukanganisa, izvo zvinogona kukura mumakore aya.

Vechidiki vakura uye vechidiki vechidiki (anenge makore 16 kusvika ku21)¶

Vadzidzi vakura vanoda rusununguko, uye vanopindura zviri nani pakubatwa sevakuru. Bvunza kuti vangada rutsigiro rwupi, uye remekedza mhinduro yavo, uchiita chokwadi chekuti vanoziva kuti uripo. Bvunzo dzemasiteki epamusoro uye kudzvanyirirwa pamusoro pedanho rinotevera muhupenyu zvinogona kurema. Vayeuchidze kuti kune nzira dzakawanda, uye vape kuvabatsira kutsvaga sarudzo kana vakabvunza. Kuyunivhesiti, vangasada kuti utaure nevashandi, uye mitemo yekuvanzika inogona kumisa vashandi kugovana newe ruzivo, saka chengetedza kutaurirana nemwana wako zvakananga.

Vana vane misiyano yekudzidza kana mamiriro ehutano¶

Vana vane dyslexia, ADHD, autism, kufunganya kana hutano hwenguva refu vanogona kunzwa kushushikana kwebvunzo zvakanyanya uye vanogona kukodzera kutsigirwa. Tanga mangwanani-ngwanani pekugara, tora humbowo uye taura nechikoro nezvechirongwa. Mutungamiriri on kuyedza pekugara uye kuwana rutsigiro inofamba nekuita.

Kana mwana wako asingatauri chinhu¶

Vamwe vechiduku vanoramba kutaura, zvisinei nokuti unobvunza zvinyoronyoro. Izvozvo hazvirevi kuti havadi rubatsiro. Edza nzira idzi.

• Ipa chiitiko chakaderera, chakadai sekubika, kufamba nembwa kana kutyaira kune imwe nzvimbo, uko kutaura kunenge kwakasarudzika.
• Siya katsamba kapfupi kana kutumira meseji uchiti une hanya, uye uripo pavanenge vachida kutaura.
• Kumbira mumwe munhu mukuru waunovimba naye, akadai satete, murairidzi kana mudzidzisi, kuti atarise.
• Taura zviitiko zvako pachako zvekushushikana muchidimbu uye nenzira yakatendeseka, pasina kuzviita pamusoro pako.
• Vape sarudzo pamusoro perudzi rwerubatsiro rwavangade, rwakaita semurairidzi, nhaurirano yemhuri kana rubatsiro runoshanda pakuronga.
• Ramba uchitarisa zviratidzo. Kana ukaona kuchinja kuri kukunetsa, bvunza chikoro kana chiremba wako kuti akupe mazano kunyange kana mwana wako asingakurukuri.

Kushingirira kunokosha kupfuura kukwana. Vana vanowanzovhura mazuva kana mavhiki gare gare, kana vangonzwa vaine chokwadi chekuti hauzovatongi.

Kwatariswa¶

• National Health Service (United Kingdom), mapeji ekunetseka kwebvunzo, kubatsira mwana wako kunetseka kwebvunzo, uye hutano hwepfungwa hwevana nevechidiki.
• American Psychological Association (United States), zviwanikwa zvevabereki pane kushushikana uye kunetseka muhuduku.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (United States), ruzivo rwekuzvidya mwoyo uye kuora mwoyo muvana uye pamusoro pekudzivirira kuzviuraya kwevechidiki.
• Pfungwa Dzechiduku Nepfungwa (United Kingdom), nhungamiro yevabereki pamusoro pekunetseka kwebvunzo uye kutsigira wechidiki.
• American Academy of Sleep Medicine uye American Academy yePediatrics (United States), nguva yekurara uye nhungamiro pane zvinwiwa zvesimba.
• 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline (United States), Samaritans and Childline (United Kingdom), yekuda kuonana nedambudziko.

Nhungamiro inogona kuchinja, saka tarisa mapeji ezvino emasangano aya. Gwaro iri rine ruzivo rwese, kwete zano rekurapa, uye harina zano remishonga.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa¶

Ndingaziva sei kana mwana wangu aine tsinga dzebvunzo dzakajairika kana dambudziko rakakura?¶

Tsinga dzakajairika dzinorarama kwenguva pfupi uye dzinopfuura kana bvunzo yapera, nehusiku husina zororo kana kushatirwa. Dambudziko guru rinoratidza semavhiki ekuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo nguva dzose, kutya, kutadza kurara kana kudya, kurega kubva kushamwari, kudzivisa chikoro, kana kutaura kusina tariro. Kana ukaona zvakati wandei zveizvi, kana kuti uchingonzwa kunetseka, taura nemupi wezano wechikoro kana chiremba wako.

Chii chandinofanira kutaura kumwana wangu asati anyora bvunzo?¶

Zvichengetedze zvipfupi, zvinodziya uye zvakatsiga, semuenzaniso kuti unodada nekushanda nesimba kwavakaita, kuti unovada chero zvichaitika, uye kuti unozovaona mushure. Dzivisa miniti yekupedzisira kubvunza, kuenzanisa uye kutaura nezvekuti zvakadii mhedzisiro. Kuonekana kwakadzikama uye chirongwa chechimwe chinhu chinonakidza mushure mezvo zvinobatsira kupfuura kutaura kwenguva refu.

Ndinofanira kuita kuti mwana wangu awedzere kudzidza kana kumurega achizorora here?¶

Zvose zvinokosha, uye kuzorora chikamu chekudzidza kwakanaka. Batsira mwana wako kugadzira hurongwa hwechokwadi nekuzorora, kurara, kudya, maekisesaizi uye zuva rekuzorora svondo rega rega. Kusundidzira kudzidza nguva dzose kunowanzo dzikisa pfungwa uye kunosimudza kuzvidya mwoyo, nepo maitiro akatsiga uye maitiro ekudzidza anoshanda zvirinani.

Chii chandinoita kana mwana wangu akataura nezvekuzviuraya kana kuzvikuvadza?¶

Zvitore zvakakomba, gara navo, uye bvunza zvakadzikama uye zvakananga kana vari kufunga kuzvikuvadza kana kuzviuraya. Teerera pasina kutonga, bvisa mukana kune chero chinhu chavanogona kushandisa kuzvikuvadza ivo pachavo kana zvisina njodzi kuita kudaro, uye tsvaga rubatsiro pakarepo. Fonera nhamba yako ye emergency kana paine njodzi, kana kubata mutsara wedambudziko senge 988 muUnited States neCanada kana maSamaria pa116 123 muUnited Kingdom neIreland.

Tsamba yekudzidza zvakawanda¶

Rubatsiro rwekutanga rwehutano hwepfungwa kana kosi yerubatsiro rwekutanga kubva kuRed Cross, St John Ambulance, kana mupi wepanzvimbo inodzidzisa vabereki nevatarisiri nzira yekutanga kutaura nemunhu wechidiki ari mukutambudzika, kuziva zviratidzo zvekutambudzika uye kuzvibatanidza nerubatsiro. Makosi mazhinji anosanganisira chikamu chekutsigira vechidiki chaizvo.

Mazano anoenderana¶

• Edzai kufunganya pazuva rebvunzo
• Zvekuita mushure mebvunzo yakashata
• Edzai pekugara uye kuwana rutsigiro
• Dambudziko reutano hwepfungwa
• Nhamba dze emergency