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Default hypotheque, yëgle ci foreclosure, ak wàññi perte

Nimero urgence yi wuute nañu ci réew mu nekk. Xët wii dafay jëfandikoo 911, di nimero Etats Unis ak Canada. Yeneen réew yu bari dañuy jëfandikoo 112, 999, wala beneen nimero. Wut nimero sa réew.

Soo demee ginaaw ci sa bori kër wala nga am Yegle buy wax ni doo fay (NOD), Bataaxal buy wax ni doo fayee sa kër, wala Summons Foreclosure bokk na ci jafe-jafe xaalis yi gëna tar ci njaboot gi. Boroom kër yu bari dañuy jaaxle lool, ba noppi bàyyi ubbi mail yi bawoo ci seen serwiis hypotek ndax dañu gëm ni su bànk bi waxee baat "foreclosure," ñàkk kër gi mënul ñàkk fileek mënu ñu yónnee ci saasi ay fukki junni dolaar ci payoor yuñ ñàkk.

Ci dëgg, ñiy lebal kër ak ñiy serwiis, sàrti federal ak nasonaal yu dëgër ñoo leen di doxal (lu melni RESPA Regulation X, 12 CFR 1024.41 ci Etats Unis, Protocolu biy njëkka jëfandikoo ngir sàkku xaalis ci Etats Unis, sàrt yiñ tëral ci Canada ak sàrt yiñ tëral ci Royaume-Uni). Ci yoonu federal, ki yor wàllu jënd kër mënul sax joxe këyitu foreclosure legal bu njëkk bi ba sa bor ëppee **120 fan ci kalendriye bi **, te sudee danga joxe Demànd ngir wàññi perte bu mat **37 fan ci kalendriye bi laataa ñuy jël njaay mi ñu nara jël **, serwiis bi àtte wala amal enchère ("ñaari topp") ba keroog mu jàngat sa demànd ba noppi jeexal sa yelleefu appel. Gis-gis bii dafay joxe jéego-ci-jéego kàrtu yoon ngir dakkal doxalinu foreclosure, joxe ab Package Mitigation Loss bulletproof bulletproof, forse ab muñ hypotheque wala coppite ci leble, kaaraange foreclosure yu yoon wala yu dul yoon, ak moytu kriminel deed-theft "foreclosure".

Defal lii leegi

  1. Ubbi bépp enveloppe bu bawoo ci sa serwiis hypotek wala fiduciaire ci saasi te nga bind ci ñatti bis yu am solo: Binndal (1) bis bi nga njëkka def njuumte** (bi nga wara fay sa xaalis bi gëna yàgg te doo fay weer wu nekk), (2) bis bi nga wara fay weer wu nekk), (3) Bisu Jaay / Enchère biñ nara tëj wala Bisu Tontub Summons Court (20 ba 30 fan ci réew yi foreclosure yoon). Bépp boor buñ tëral ci yoon federal ak etaa mingi aju ci ñaata fan ci almanaak bi des balaa enchère wala default àttekaay.
  2. Xam ndax sa etaa wala sa àttekaay dafay jëfandikoo àttekaay (jaaraleko ci àttekaay) wala àttekaay bu amul àtte (Kàttan ngir jaay jaaraleko ci ab fiduciaire): Ci 22 Etats Unis ak war nga joxe tontu bu bind ci greffier tribunal bi balaa bis bi ñuy mujjee woote ngir moytu ñu àtte la ci saasi. Ci réew yi amul kàttan ngir jaay (lu melni Californie, Texas, Georgia, Washington, Virginia, ak Arizona), ki koy lebal dafay jëfandikoo këyit buy firndeel ni fiduciaire bi dafa wara def enchère ginaaw bimu bindee yëgle buy wax ni fiduciaire bi ak yëgle bu fiduciaire bi jaay te doo njëkka tuumal la ci àttekaay bi.
  3. Woowal sa serwiis hypotek bi yor wàllu wàññi ñàkka am xaalis / departemaa biy tëye kër, nga laaj "Paquet de demande de mitigation de pertes" (Formulaire uniforme de l'assistance à l'électeur): Ci suufu 12 CFR 1024.40, sa serwiis dafa wara jox benn point de contact buñ jagleel sa kontu (SPOC). Laaj leen ñu yónnee leen imeel ak mail paketu demànd ofisel biy wàññi ñàkkaale yi, ba noppi ñu xamme ** alalkat wala garantier ** biy jàppale sa hypotek (Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, FHA / HUD, VA, USDA, wala portfëy bu privé), ndax alalkat yi nguur gi jàppale dañuy santaane ay coppite yu gëna yomb.
  4. Jokkoo ak benn njiitu dëkkuwaay HUD bu am sertifikaa bu nguur gi joxe tay: Ci Etats Unis, woo Limu HOPE Hotline bu boroom kër ci 1-888-995-4673 wala nga seeti consumerfinance.gov/find-a-housing-counselor liggéey ak ab njiitu dëkkuwaay bu HUD nangu ci zero cost. Xelalkat HUD mën na bokk ci woote yu ñetti yoon ak sa serwiis hypotek, xool sa math ngir wàññi perte, ba noppi jàppale la nga am Fonds d'assistance à la maison (HAF).
  5. **Joxe ab "Demànd ngir wàññi ñakk bu mat sëkk" 37 fan ci kalendriye bi laata bépp bis buñu nara jaay **: Ci suufu CFPB Dual-Tracking Ban (12 CFR 1024.41(f) ak (g)), sudee sa serwiis jot na (**s 120eelu bis ci delinquency, wala lu mu neew **37 bis ci kalandriye bi laataa ñuy jaay foreclosure **), servicer bi yoon federal tere ko bu baax tàmbali foreclosure, toxu ngir àtte foreclosure wala santaane njaay, wala amal ab enchère foreclosure bu mat sëkk dogal.
  6. ** Bul musa siñe ab këyitu Quitclaim, këyitu gaaraati, wala kontraa "jaay-luwewaat" ak beneen nit bu lay dige ni dina "salvage" sa kër**: Defarkatu defkatu ñaawtéef yi dañuy saytu mbooloo mi di yëgle ni default filings ak fitnaal boroom kër yi ngir ñu siñe këyitu legal bi scammer bi di toxal ci nëbbëtu boroom kër gi moo wara fay bori kër gi. Su amee ku ñëw ci sa moomel ngir jéema soppi loke bi ci anam wudul yoon, dagg lëkkaloo gi, wala tiital sa yaram te amul sheriff wala këyit bu àttekaay bi siñe, toxu ci barab bu wóor nga woo sa nimero urgence bi la nekk (911 ci Etats Unis ak Canada, the Union92) xoolal sunu nimero paj mu jamp répertoire.

Danger

Bul musa njëkka fay benn sosiete privé, "sosiete buy saytu bori," wala consultant bu nekkul avocat buy wax ni mën nañu waxtaan ngir soppi leble bi wala ñu dakkal foreclosure. Ci wàllu sàrtu komisoŋu jënd ak jaay bu Etats Unis Serwiisu ndimbal ci wàllu jënd ak jaay (MARS) (Regulation O, 12 CFR pàrti 1015), 100 pursaa ci yoon bépp kompiñi buy sàkku wala jël benn dolaar ci fere ba keroog ñu joxe ab bind bu la siñe joxe. Yoon daf tere itam ku la wax nga bàyyi waxtaan ak sa serwiis hypotek wala nga yónnee sa xaalis hypotek ci kontu escrow bu nekk ci digante yeen ak sa bànk.

Diagramu dogal: taxawal foreclosure ak wàññi perte

flowchart TD
    Start["Fayug hypotek biñu ñàkk, jot bataaxal buy wax ni dañuy sàcc, yëgle buy wax ni doo fay, wala ñu woo ci àttekaay bi"] --> StageCheck{"Fan la sa bor nekk ci kalendriye foreclosure bi?"}
    StageCheck -->|"fan 1 ba 120 Delinquent (Palanteer buñu aar balaa ñuy tëj)"| Pre120["120 fan yu federaal di tere tëj kër (12 CFR 1024.41(f)(1))"]
    Pre120 --> ShortOrLong{"Ndax sa jafe-jafe ci wàllu xaalis du yàgg (3 ba 12 weer) wala du yàgg?"}
    ShortOrLong -->|"Jafe-jafe yu gàtt (ñàkk liggéey, feebar, musiba)"| Forbearance["Laajteb palaŋu muñ bu mat sëkk topp ci yeexal fay wala ñu yeexal xaalis bi ci njeextalu muñ"]
    ShortOrLong -->|"Wàññi xaalis budul jeex wala xaalis bu bari"| SubmitPackage["Yonnee Paketu Demànd ngir Wàññi Njàqare ngir Def Ñaari-Topp Congelasioŋ"]
    StageCheck -->|"Bis bu weesu 120: Yegleb default wala këyit buy tëj àttekaay bi"| ForeclosureType{"Àttekaay (àtte àttekaay) wala ludul àttekaay (Jaay fiduciaire)?"}
    ForeclosureType -->|"Summons foreclosure judiciaire"| FileAnswer["Dosie Bind Tontu Tribunaal + Laaj Ndaje Tribunaal Foreclosure Settlement ci diir bu weesuwul 20 ba 30 fan"]
    FileAnswer --> SubmitPackage
    ForeclosureType -->|"Yegle bu amul àtte ci njaay / fiduciaire"| Check37Days{"Ndax desna lu ëpp 37 fan ci almanaak bi balaa bis bi ñuy jaay enchère bi?"}
    Check37Days -->|"Waaw, 38+ fan laata ñuy jaay"| SubmitPackage
    SubmitPackage --> Eval["Servicer dafa wara taxawal njaay mi (ñaari toppu tere), jàngat ci diiru 30 fan, ba noppi jox 14 fan yelleefu appel"]
    Check37Days -->|"Dédeet, lu néew 37 fan (wala jaay ci ayu-bis bii)"| EmergencyHalt["Dakkal njaay ci jamonoy jafe-jafe: Faj ndàmpaay yi ci delloosi, Dosie TRO Lawsuit ngir RESPA Violations, wala Dosie Chapitre 13 Fayu Dellu ci Saasi"]

Jéego 1: Xam kalendriye foreclosure federal ak boor "Topp Ñaari"

Ci Etats Unis, Biro biy Aar Xaalis Konsomatër yi (CFPB) dafay tëral sàrti réew mi ci wàllu serwiis hypotek ci wàllu Sàrtu Liggéeyukaay yi (RESPA, Reglement X, 12 CFR Wàll 1024). Soo fekke ni moomel bi mooy sa ** dëkkuwaay bu mag** (te sa serwiis du leblekat bu ndaw buy lebal 5,000 wala lu ko gëna néew), bànk bi dafa wara topp yoon wu jaar yoon balaa muy jël sa kër:

RESPA Reglement X kalendriye

Bis yu weesu / Milestone Li yoon santaane ki yor wàllu jënd kër mu def Sa bouclier statutaire ak jëf yi nga wara def
Bis 16 ba Bis 36 Delinquent Jokkoo ci saasi ngir teela jàppale (12 CFR 1024.39(a)): Serwiis bi dafa wara def ay jeego yu baax ngir mëna jokkoo ci saasi ci telefon balaa 36eelu bis ci njuumte ngir leeral tànneefi wàññi limu ñàkk. Tontu woote bi, nga wax ni danga am jafe-jafe ci wàllu xaalis, nga laaj ci saasi Muñ wala Paquet Mitigation Perte.
Bis 45 defkatu ñaawtéef Yeggal buñ bind ak wéy di jokkoo (12 CFR 1024.39(b) & 1024.40): Balaa 45eelu bis, ki koy serwiis dafa wara yónnee tànneef ci wàllu wàññi ñàkka doytu ci mail ba noppi tànn Benn barabu jokkoo (SPOC) liggéeykat. Enregistre extension telefon bi direct te yebbi portaalu sa ekipu benn poñ de jokkoo.
Bis 1 ba Bis 120 Delinquent Tereb 120 fan balaa ñuy tëj sa kër (12 CFR 1024.41(f)(1)): Yoon federal dafa tere ab serwiis def këyit buy njëkka tëj sa kër ba keroog sa bori kër ëppee 120 fan ci kalendriye bi. Joxeel sa Demànd ngir Wàññi Njàqare ci bis 120 wala balaa suko defee serwiis bi mënul tàmbali foreclosure ba sa Demànd ak bépp appel jeexna.
Lu ëppu 37 fan laataa ñuy jaay Dañu tere "ñaari topp" ginaaw biñu defee këyit yi (12 CFR 1024.41(g)): Soo joxee Demànd ngir wàññi ñàkk lu ëpp 37 fan ci almanaak bi laataa ñuy jaay xaalis, serwiis bi **dafa wara dakkal tëj gi ci saasi te baña tëj Ci diir bu weesuwul 5 fani liggéey (12 CFR 1024.41(b)(2)), ki koy serwiis dafa wara bind di firndeel ni jot na ko ba noppi wax ndax paket bi matna, ba noppi xoolaat tànneef yépp ci diir bu weesuwul 30 fan.
90+ fan balaa ñuy jaay Yelleefu 14 fan ngir soppi leble bi (12 CFR 1024.41(h)): Sudee sa demànd yegsi na 90 fan laataa ñuy jaay te ñu bañ la soppi leble bi, am nga 14 fan ci kalendriye bi ngir def appel bu nit ki moom boppam xoolaat. Defal appel bu 14 fan sudee servicer bi juum ci xayma sa revenu, jëfandikoo njëg bu yéeg, wala jël cascade coppite 40 at yu investisseur bi def.

Warning

Ci wàllu 12 CFR 1024.41(i), yoon santaane ab serwiis hypotek mu topp Regulation X ñaari-topp aar ngir benn demànd ngir wàññi perte bu mat ci diiru dundu sa bor, XAMUL indi nga sa hypotek bi fi nekk ginaaw bi nga defee aplikaasioŋ bu njëkk. Fexeel ba sa Demànd ngir Wàññi Njàqare matt 100 pursaa te nga yonne ko ak mail buñ sertifiye ak këyit biy firndeel ni dañu la yóbbu ci portaal bi.

2ème étape: Foreclosure bu àttekaay ak bu amul àttekaay (ak ni ñuy aaree sa yoon)

Nataalu foreclosure bi, ak ndax attekat bi dina xoolaat ci saasi doxalinu bànk bi, a ngi aju ci ndax sa àtte dafay jëfandikoo Mortgage (ñu koy jaay doole jaaraleko ci àttekaay bi) wala Deed of Trust bu am "Power of Sale" clause (ñu koy jaay doole ci bitti àttekaay bi).

Tegtale: Foreclosure bu àttekaay ak bu amul àttekaay

Man-man Foreclosure judiciaire (àtte yoon) Foreclosure bu amul àtte (Kàttan jaay / Enchère fiduciaire)
Fu ñu koy Jëfandikoo Lu tollu ci 22 etaa ci Etats Unis (lu ci melni NY, FL, IL, NJ, PA, OH, IN, CT, MA, SC, KY, LA, KS, IA, WI, ND, NE, NM, VT, DE, ME, HI), boole ci Canada (BC, AB, NSKU, MB, Reklamaasioŋ). Lu tollu ci 28 etaa yu Etats Unis ak DC (bokk ci CA, TX, WA, VA, GA, AZ, NV, OR, CO, MI, MN, NC, TN, MO, MD, UT, ID, AL, MS, AR, WV, NH, WY, AK), boole ci **Kàttanu Jaay, NL).
Ni mbir yi di tàmbalee Ginaaw bis 120, ki lebal dafay def benn Plainte buy wax ni ñuy tëj ci tribunaalu réew mi, ba noppi bind Lis Pendens ci dokimaa yu réew mi. Ginaaw bis 120, fiduciaire bi dafay bind benn Yegle bu Default (NOD) ci biro enregistreur bi ci dëkk bi, daal di ci topp (90 fan ci ginnaaw) Yegle bu Njaayum Fiduciaire (NOTS) di tëral bis enchère.
Li nga wara def ci saasi Delloo tontu bu bind ci kilifag àttekaay bi ci diir bu weesuwul 20 ba 30 fan ci liggéey bi, nga jaare ci Ndaje buy wax ni àttekaay bi dafa wara tëj kër yi (dañu koy laaj ci etaa yu melni NY ci wàllu CPLR 3408, IL, CT, ak NJ). Joxeel Demànd ngir wàññi ñàkk lu ëpp 37 fan laataa bis bi fiduciaire bi di jaay. Sudee serwiis bi dafa sàngane RESPA wala sàrti boroom kër yi ci réew mi, avocat bi mën na yóbbu àttekaay bi ngir sàkku Ordre de Restriction Temporaire (TRO) ngir santaane njaay mi.
Kaaraange yu am solo Ñàkum Taxawam (ki def këyit bi amul këyit biy wax ni dafa am këyit buy wax ni dafa def), ñàkka yónnee yëgle bu 30 fan bi war, wala RESPA ñaari yoon ñuy topp. Ñàkka mëna dëppoo ak sàrt yiñ tëral balaa NOD, topp ñaari yoon ci diir bi ñuy xaar demànd bu mat, yëgle bu baaxul ci ñàkka fay, wala joxe Chapitre 13 petition faillite laata enchère bi.
Yelleefu Jot & Àtteb Njariñ Etat yu bari yiy àtte dañuy may ki lebal mu sàkku Àtte bu ñàkk, waaye ñu bari dañuy may Yelleefu Jëfandikoo ginaaw njaay mi. Barina réew yu amul àttekaay ** tere àtteb ñàkka doytu ** ci njëgu dëkkuwaay bu njëkk-xaalis hypotek ginaaw njaayum fiduciaire bu amul àttekaay (lu melni **California CCP 580b / 580d **, AZ, WA, ak OR).

Xam "Cascade buy wàññi ñàkk" (Muñ, Yeexal, ak Soppi)

Soo joxee Demànd ngir Wàññi Perte, sa serwiis hypotek dafay topp sàrti math yu dëgër yi "Cascade ngir Wàññi Perte" bi agence bi wala liggéeykat bi yor wala garanti sa hypotek (Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, FHA / HUD, VA, wala USDA) digle. Saytu ndax Fannie Mae wala Freddie Mac ñoo yor sa xaalis KnowYourOptions.com/loanlookup wala MyHome.FreddieMac.com.

dayo yi ngir wàññi ñàkka am kër (Topp sa kër)

  1. Plaŋu muñ hypotek bu mat sëkk (3 ba 12 weer):
    • Li gëna baax ci: Coow ci wàllu xaalis ci diir bu gàtt ( ñàkk liggéey, laago ci diir bu gàtt, musiba gañcax, wala congé famiy).
    • Nimuy doxee: Dafay noppali wala wàññi sa payoor hypotek weer wu nekk ci diiru 3 ba 6 weer (mën nañu ko yokk ba 12 weer) ci noonu lañuy tëye foreclosure.
    • Regle bu am solo bi ci njeextalu muñ: MUSUL lay laaj nga fay bépp payoor bu nga ñàkk ci benn yoon ci njeextalu muñ ci bépp Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, FHA, VA, wala USDA leble. Deel laaj saa yu nekk Fay Deferral wala FHA Reklamaasioŋ bu Wàll sooy génn ci muñ.
  2. Toxal fay wala FHA "Reklamaasioŋ bu xaaj" (amul benn coppite ci sa fay weer wu nekk):
    • Li gëna baax ci: Boroom kër yi dundu lu metti ci diir bu gàtt, delloo seen xaalis bi war, te mën nañu dellu di fay seen bond hypotheque weer wu nekk, waaye mënu ñu fay seen bor yépp benn yoon.
    • Nimuy doxee: Ci suufu Fannie Mae / Freddie Mac Fay Deferral wala FHA Standalone Partial Claim, serwiis bi dafay toxal 100 pursaa ci sa xaalis bu weesu (ba 6 ba 12 weer yu ñàkk fay, wala ba 30 pursaa ci xaalis bi ci A% interest ci F-0) saldo subordinate** bi nga wara fay sudee jaay nga, refinanse, wala nga fay bori hypotek bi ci maturite bi.
  3. Pexey fay (3 ba 12 weer):
    • Li gëna baax ci: Ñi lebal xaalis bu bari te ñàkka fay benn wala ñaari yoon, te mën nañu yokk tuuti ci seen xaalis bi ñuy fay weer wu nekk.
  4. ** Coppite ci leble bi (Coppite ci Fannie/Freddie Flex, Coppite ci FHA 40-At, wala Coppite ci VA) **:
    • Li gëna baax ci: Boroom kër yi am wàññiku budul jeex ci seen xaalis wala ñu am xaalis bu bari buñu desee xaalis bu bari te soxla xaalis bu néew weer wu nekk (dañuy faral di wut wàññi xaalis bu 20 pursaa).
    • ** Nimuy doxee **: Dafay dugal xaalis bi des ci balans bi, yokk àpp bi ñuy fay ba ** 40 at (480 weer) ** (ñu may ko ci 24 CFR 203.616 ngir FHA ak Fannie / Freddie), ba noppi wàññi tolluwaayu intere bi wala def ci wetu ndàmpaay bu mag bi. Ginaaw boo matalee Planu Diiru Àtte bu 3 weer (TPP) ci waxtu wiñ ko digal, coppite bi dafay yàgg te dafay dindi foreclosure bi.
  5. Fonds de l'Assistance aux propriétaires de maisons de l'État (HAF) wala Grants de l'hypothèque d'urgence de l'état:
    • Xoolaatal sa xalaatkat ci HUD ndax sa Agence Finance de Logement bu etaa bi dafay joxe Fonds d'Assistance aux Propriétaires (muy faral di yegg ba 25,000 ba 50,000 USD) ngir fay sa servicer.

4ème étape: Ni ñuy boolee ab paquet buy wàññi perte

Lu ëpp 60 pursaa ci bañ coppite leble yi dañu am ndax serwiis bi dafa màrke paket bi "Matt" ci kaw xëtu kominike bànk bu ñàkk wala formileeru juuti buñu siñewul. Jëfandikool limu saytu bii (imprimeer ci 21.6 ci 27.9 santimet, wala 8.5 ci 11 puus, këyit yuñ denc 1.5 meetar, wala 5 pied, ci kaw dër bi):

  • Formulaire buy jàppale ñiy lebal (Formulaire 710 wala lu koy méngale): Bindal bépp boyet (bindal "0.00" wala "N/A" lu moy bàyyi amul dara), nga xool "Bëgg naa: tëye moomel bi," nga siñe ak bis bi ci diir bu weesuwul 30 fan.
  • Formulaire IRS buñu siñe 4506-C (IVES Laajte ci Transcript bu Deklarasioŋu Juuti): Fexeel ba Line 3 méngoo ak adres mbedd biñ imprime ci Formulaire 1040 bi nga mujjee def.
  • Delloosi Deklarasioŋu Juuti Federoo (1 ba 2 At yu mujj) ak bépp horaire: Booleel bépp xët ak horaire boole ci formileer W-2 ak 1099.
  • 60 fan ci saleer yu mujjee toppalante: Dafa wara wane saleer at mi ba tay. Ñiy lebal seen bopp dañu wara takk Déklarasioŋ bu am ci benefiis ak perte (P&L) ci at mi ba bis bi buñu siñe, buy wax ci trimestre bi gëna néew.
  • 60 fan (2 weer yu mat) ci këyitu bànk bu mat sëkk ngir bépp kontu: Boole ci bépp xët bu am nimero (ci misaal, Xët 1 ci 6 ba Xët 6 ci 6, doonte Xët 6 amul dara), wala losisel biy liggéey ci boppam dina màrke paket bi **"Matt
  • Bataaxelu jafe-jafe buñ xoole (1 xëtt) ak Fàttali xaalis bu amul saleer: Leeralal bis bi ak sababi sa jafe-jafe te boole ci bataaxal neexal ngir Securite Sociale, SSDI, VA invalidite, pension, wala xaalis biy jàppale.

Jéego 5: Tanneef yu baax ci genn sudee mënoo jënd kër gi (Sakkanal sa xaalis ak sa leble)

Sudee sa xaalis wàññeeku na bu baax ba mënoo fay sax xaalis biñ soppali ngir fay bori kër gi, bul musa dem te bàyyi kër gi dem ci enchère foreclosure:

  1. Jaay ci xaalis buñ miin (sudee sa kër moo ëpp li nga wara fay):
    • Sudee sa kër dafa ëpp sa saldo hypotek boole ci xaalis bi nga wara fay, limu kër gi ngir jaay ci marse ubbeeku bi ak ab agent immobilier bu am lijjaassa ci saasi** nga yónnee kontraa bi nga siñe (ak bépp kontraa jënd) ci serwiis bi ngir sàkku Toxal njaay mi. Jaay dafay fay bori hypotek bi yépp, dakkal foreclosure bi, ba noppi dugal 100 pursaa ci sa xaalis bu des ci sa kontu bànkeer.
  2. "Jaay bu gàtt" buñ nangu (soo amee bor bu ëpp li kër gi yelloo):
    • Sudee sa kër mingi ci biir ndox, laajal Jaay bu gàtt buñu nangu, fu ki lay lebal nangu xaalis bi bawoo ci njaayum marse bi ni fayukaay bu mat sëkk, bàyyi lien bi, baale bépp àtte bu ñàkk ci bind, ba noppi di faral di fay 3,000 ba 7,500 USD ci ndimmbalu toxal.
  3. Kàrtu tëj ("Xaalis ngir Caabi"):
    • Sudee amul benn lien bu ndaw ci titre bi, mën nga joxewaat këyit bi ci sa bopp ki lay lebal ngir ñu bayyi lépp ci sa bori hypotek ak 3,000 ba 7,500 USD ci xaalis toxal.

Jéego 6: Jumtukaayi mujjentalu simili bu jamp sudee enchère foreclosure bi amul 37 fan

Sudee sa kër dañu ko nara jaay ci enchère ci ay fan yu néew, te yegg nga ci 37 fan yiñ tëral ci Regulation X, jëfandikoo benn ci ñetti levier yu yoon yii:

  1. Jëfandikool sa "Yelleefu Delloosi" (Faxal sa xaalis balaa ngay jaay):
    • Kontraa yiñ tëral ngir jënd kër (Paragraphe 19) ak sàrti réew mi dañu lay may nga dakkal enchère bi soo fay Reinstatement Amount (fay weer wi weesu rek boole ci fere yu yeex yi ak njëgu foreclosure, bañ xaalis biy jël xaalis bi yépp) jaaraleko ci xaalis biy dugg ci kër gi. Laajteel ci saasi ñu bind la Delloosi liggéey.
  2. Defar ab àtte civil ngir am benn ndigal buy tere nit ñi def seen liggéey ci diir bu gàtt (TRO) bu sukkandiko ci sàmmonte ak sàrt yiñ tëral:
    • Sudee serwiis bi dafa def ludul yoon ñaari topp (di dem ci enchère ginaaw bi nga joxe ab kofre bu mat buy wàññi perte lu ëpp 37 fan laataa njaay mi) wala mu ñàkka yónnee yëgle yiñ laaj, ab avocat buy xeex foreclosure mën na def ab àtte civil ak Motion ngir **T enchère.
  3. Defar benn chapitre 13 petition faillite balaa gavel enchère bi di daanu (dellu otomatik bi):
    • Ci suufu 11 U.S.C. 362(a), ci waxtu bi nga defee benn Chapitre 13 (wala Chapitre 7) Petition de faillite ci greffier bu tribunal federal biy saytu fayit, ba ci 15 simili balaa enchère biñ nara def, Stay Automatique federal bi dafay tàmbali def te **dafay leble ci saasi enkante ** (fileek amul ay tënk yu bari yu njëkk ci diiru 12 weer ci wàllu 11 U.S.C. 362 © (3) / (4)).
    • Ci suufu 11 U.S.C. 1322(b)(5), Chapitre 13 faillite daf lay may nga forse bànk bi lay leble hypotek ci 36-ba-60-weer (3-ba-5-at) palaŋu fayyukaay bu tribunal di saytu ci sa arrears hypotheque ci diir bi ngay tàmbaliwaat fay weer wu nekk ak sa kër permanent.

Njàngale ci àdduna: Royaume-Uni, Canada, ak Australie

  • Ci Royaume-Uni (Charte hypothèque bu FCA, Protocole biy njëkka jëfandikoo, ak pàcc 36 Norgan Orders): Ci sàrti kilifa yi yor doxalinu xaalis (FCA) (MCOB 13) ak **Sàrtu hypothèque bu Royaume-Uni dafay jël dogal ni dafay mujjee ( fay intere kese ci diiru 6 weer wala yokk àppu hypotek bi) ak topp li Ministère de la Justice wax Protocole de pré-action pour les réclamations de possession basée sur les arrêts hypothèque ak 60-Days Breathing Space moratoriums. Suñu la yóbbu ci Tribunaalu dëkk bi, demal ci atte bi nga laaj Attekat bu dëkk bi Yaakaaru tëye (SPO) ci Section 36 bu Sàrtu Yoon 1970 (Cheltenham & Gloucester v Norgan), loolu dina tax nga mëna des ci sa kër lu ëpp li ngay fay weer wu nekk. diiru hypotek bi des yépp. Saytu itam ndax mën nga am Jàppale ci intere hypotek (SMI) leble.
  • Ci Canada (Kàttan Jaay vs. Foreclosure Judicial ak Ndimbalu CMHC): Ci Kàttan Jaay province yi (Ontario, NB, PEI, NL), benn yoon ñu jox leen Yegle ci Jaay ci Ci suufu Hypotheque ginaaw 15 fan yu ñu baña fay, boroom kër yi ci Ontario dañu am **dayo leble ci fay ndàmpaay yi ak njëg yi ci wàllu 22 ci sàrtu leble yi. Ci dëkk yi Tëj àttekat (BC, AB, SK, MB, NS), àttekaay bi dafay jox Komànd Nisi ak Diiru Jëfandikoo 6 weer. Sudee sa bond hypotek amna assurance, wool ki lay lebal ak CMHC (1-800-668-2642) ngir sàkku kapitalisasioŋ bu des ci sa xaalis, yeexal payoor bi, wala ñu yokkal la amortisasioŋ bi ba 40 at.
  • Ci Australie (Kodu Leble bu Réew mi, wàll 72 ci wàllu jafe-jafe ak AFCA Stay): Bindal ekipu jafe-jafe xaalis bu sa bànk, nga wax ko: "Maa ngi joxe yëgle bu mat sëkk ci wàllu jafe-jafe ci wàllu 72 ci Kodu Leble bu Réew mi." Bànk bi amna 21 fan ngir tontu. Sudee bànk bi daf la jox Section 88 Default Notice (30 fan ngir faj) te nanguwul sa laaj ci jafe-jafe, joxeel plainte bu amul fayda ci Bañkaasu Plainte Xaalis bu Australie (AFCA) ci afca.org.au balaa yëgle bu 30 fan bi di jeex, loolu mooy tere yoon jëlaat alalu àttekaay bi AFCA di amal lànket.

Tip

Sudee sa payoor hypotek weer wu nekk dafa yéeg ndax "Escrow Shortage" (juuti ci moomel wala assurance boroom kër dafay yokk), xoolal sa Deklarasioŋ Escrow At mi. Ci wàllu RESPA (12 CFR 1024.17(f)), mën nga wax sa serwiis mu tasaare ab ñakk ci escrow ci diiru 12 ba 60 weer ci 0 pursaa ci intere, nga jënd assurance bu yomb njëg, ba noppi nga ñaan Exemption Moomeel ci sa dëkk.

Laaj yi ñuy faral di laaj

Why did my mortgage company return my partial check and refuse to take my money after I missed two or three payments?

Once a mortgage typically passes 60 to 90 days of delinquency and the servicer issues a formal **Breach / Acceleration Notice**, the servicer places your account on an automated **"Foreclosure / Strict Reinstatement Hold."** Under standard mortgage contract terms, once the debt is accelerated, the bank is no longer required to accept a single regular monthly payment because accepting a partial payment can legally waive the bank's acceleration notice in some states. Instead, the automated system rejects any payment that is less than the **full Reinstatement Amount** (all missed months plus late fees) **UNLESS** you have first entered into an approved written **Forbearance Plan, Repayment Plan, or Trial Loan Modification**. Do not mail random partial checks; keep those funds safe in your savings account until your Loss Mitigation plan is approved in writing.

Can the bank change the locks on my house or throw my belongings onto the street as soon as I receive a Notice of Default or Foreclosure Notice?

No, **100 percent never**. A Notice of Default, Breach Letter, or Foreclosure Summons is merely the **beginning** of a legal process that typically takes **6 to 18+ months** to conclude. Throughout the entire pre-foreclosure and foreclosure process, **you remain the legal owner of your home and have the absolute right to live inside it**. Even if a foreclosure auction eventually takes place months later, the new buyer or bank still cannot change your locks or touch your belongings on auction day; they must first serve a formal post-foreclosure notice to vacate and obtain a court **Writ of Possession / Eviction Order** executed by the County Sheriff. If a mortgage company contractor ("property preservation vendor") tries to padlock your door while you are still occupying the home, call the police immediately and file a complaint with the **CFPB** and your State Attorney General for illegal "trash-out" trespass.

What happens to my mortgage if my spouse or parent who was the only person on the mortgage loan dies or we get divorced?

Under the federal **Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 (12 U.S.C. 1701j-3(d))** and the **CFPB "Successors in Interest" Rule (12 CFR 1024.30 and 1024.31)**, when a home is transferred to a surviving spouse, child, or relative upon the **death of a borrower**, or transferred to a spouse in a **divorce decree or legal separation agreement**, the mortgage bank is **strictly prohibited by federal law from enforcing a "due-on-sale" clause** (it cannot demand that the loan be paid off or refinanced). Once you send the servicer proof of your status as a **Confirmed Successor in Interest** (such as the death certificate and will/heirship affidavit, or the divorce decree and quitclaim deed), federal Regulation X grants you **the exact same right to apply for Loss Mitigation, Forbearance, and a Loan Modification** as the original borrower had, **without requiring you to pass a credit check or refinance at higher interest rates**.

How can I spot a criminal "Foreclosure Rescue" or "Deed Theft" scam?

Watch out for four unmistakable red flags of a criminal foreclosure scam: (1) Anyone who contacts you unsolicited after your Notice of Default is recorded and asks you to **sign over the deed** (or a Quitclaim Deed, Grant Deed, or "Land Trust") under a promise that you can "rent the house back and buy it back later" (scammers immediately evict you, pocket your rent, or take out equity loans against your house and let it foreclose anyway); (2) Anyone who demands an **upfront wire, cashier's check, or retainer fee** for loan modification services (violating the federal FTC MARS Rule); (3) Anyone who offers a **"Forensic Mortgage Audit" or "Sovereign Citizen / Quiet Title"** scheme claiming your mortgage is void because the bank securitized the note; or (4) Anyone who instructs you to **stop talking to your mortgage servicer or HUD counselor** and send your mortgage payments to the company instead.

If my house is sold at a foreclosure auction for MORE than what I owed on the mortgage, who gets the extra money ("Surplus Funds")?

**You do.** A mortgage lender is legally entitled to collect **only** the exact unpaid principal, interest, escrow advances, and documented legal/auction costs owed on the debt. If your mortgage payoff was 220,000 USD and an investor bids 310,000 USD at the foreclosure auction, that extra **90,000 USD in "Foreclosure Surplus Funds" (or Excess Proceeds) belongs 100 percent to you** (after any valid junior liens like a second mortgage are paid). In addition, in the landmark 2023 unanimous decision ***Tyler v. Hennepin County* (598 U.S. 631)**, the United States Supreme Court ruled that even when a county seizes and sells a home for **unpaid property taxes**, keeping the homeowner's surplus equity above the tax debt violates the **Takings Clause of the Fifth Amendment**. Note that you do **not** need to pay a "surplus recovery company" 30 to 40 percent of your money to claim foreclosure surplus funds; you can file a standard **Motion or Claim for Surplus Funds** directly with the court clerk or foreclosure trustee yourself or through legal aid.

Can my Homeowners Association (HOA) or Condo Association foreclose on my house even if I am 100 percent current on my bank mortgage?

Yes, in the majority of US states, a Homeowners Association (HOA) or Condominium Association holds statutory power to record an **Assessment Lien** for unpaid monthly HOA dues or special assessments and **foreclose on your home**, even if your first mortgage with the bank is completely current and even if the HOA debt is only a few thousand dollars. If you receive an HOA Notice of Intent to Lien or HOA Foreclosure Notice, treat it as a high-priority emergency: contact the HOA board or property manager in writing immediately to request a statutory payment plan (many states, such as California, Colorado, Texas, and Maryland, require HOAs to offer a written payment plan and prohibit HOA foreclosure unless delinquent assessments exceed a statutory minimum dollar or month threshold, excluding fines).

Saytu nañu ay balluwaay

  • Biro buy Aar Xaalis Konsomatër yi (CFPB, Etats Unis): Sàrtu Yorandi Liggéeyukaay yi (RESPA, Reglement X, 12 CFR Wàll 1024: Wàll 1024.39 Teela Jàppale, Wàll 1024.40 Wéyal Jokkoo, Wàll 1042 120 fan laata ñuy tëj, 37 fan di tere ñaari topp, ak 14 fan yelleefu appel, ak wàll 1024.30 ñiy wuutu ci njariñ).
  • Departemaa bi yor dëkkuwaay ak yokkuteg dëkk yu mag yi ci Etats Unis (HUD), Fannie Mae, ak Freddie Mac (Etats Unis): * FHA Téere Politigu Dëkkuwaay bu Benn Njaboot 4000.1 (Cascade buy Wàññi Perte, Reclamation Partielle, ak 40-At Loan Modification ci 24 CFR62). (Yàlla fay ak Coppite Flex), ak Garn-St. Sàrtu Germain (12 Etats Unis 1701j-3)*.
  • Komisoŋu Njaayum Fédéral (FTC, Etats Unis): Sàrt buy jàppale ñiy jënd kër (MARS) (Regulation O, 12 CFR pàrti 1015) ak àrtu ñiy konsome ci wàllu sàcc kër ak sàcc këyit.
  • Tribunaal bi gëna mag ci Etats Unis & Kodu Fayu bu Etats Unis (Etats Unis): Tyler v. Hennepin County, 598 Etats Unis 631 (2023) (Aar bu Sàrtu Ndawi réew mi ci Surplus Equity kër) ak 11 U.S.C. 362 / 1322(b)(5) (Fàyyi bu otomatik ak Chapitre 13 Faj xaalis biy fay ci kër gi).
  • Baŋxaas bi yor doxalinu xaalis (FCA) & Ministère bu Yoon (Royaume-Uni): *MCOB 13 (Njariñ ak Yokkaat), Charte Mortgage bu UK, Protokol biy njëkka Jëf ngir Njëfandikoo Yoon bu sukkandiko ci Njëfandikoo Njëfandikoo, ak Sàrti Yoon Section 1360us.
  • Agence Financière du Consommateur de Canada & Corporation de l'hypothèque et de l'habitation de Canada (Canada): Sàrtu kàttanu jënd ak jaay ci dëkk yi ak sàrt yiñ tëral ngir tëj kër yi ci yoon, ak jumtukaayi doxal boroom kër yi ci CMHC.
  • Komisoŋu Kaaraange ak Dugal xaalis bu Australie (ASIC) & Baŋxaasu Plainte Finansieer bu Australie (AFCA, Australie): Kodu Leble bu Réew mi Wàll 72 (Yegle ci Jafe-jafe), Wàll 88 (Yegle yu Faawu), ak AFCA Plainte yuy Teg.

Gid yu jëm ci loolu