Fan ba 90 fan ngir denc lekk ci jafe-jafe te amul kuuraŋ¶
Su amee musiiba gañcax, dog-dog ci komers boobu, wala ab paj bu guddu ci reso bu tëj sippermarse yi ak dindi frigo yi ci kër yi, am ñam wu jaar yoon, bu dëgër ci etaser yi dina moytu xiif ak tiitaange. Waaye, ngir am pantry bu baax te amul reso, fàww nga jënd poti lujum yu bari wala sac blé yu ñor, te doo mëna yëy wala lakk te doo am kuuraŋ. Xam ni ñuy xaymaa soxlay kalori ak macronutrient yu dëggu yi bis bu nekk, ni ñuy ekilibree ñam yi ñuy waaja lekk ci 14 fan ak ñam yu waw yu 30 ba 90 fan yuñ tëj ci sac Mylar yu am absorbeur oxygen, ak ñam yi nga wara denc ci sac bu am oxygen bu néew. dundal te wóor.
Defal lii leegi¶
- **Waajal 2,000 ba 2,500 kilocalories (kcal) ci mag bu nekk bis bu nekk, te baña lekk "ñatti yoon." recuperation physique ci musiba. Yokk 2,200 kcal × 14 fan = 30,800 kcal mag bu nekk ngir am ñaari ayu-bis, wala 198,000 kcal mag bu nekk ngir denc 90 fan.
- Ci 7 ba 14 fan yi njëkk ci sa ñam, defal 100% ñam wu "dul togg" wala "ndox mu bax kese". Ci ayu-bis bi njëkk ci sikloon bi, suuf suy yëngu, wala sedd bu am kuuraŋ, mën nga am kuuraŋ, amul gaz naturel, ak ndox ngir raxas pot yu néew. Stock jën ak yàpp yuñ denc ci pot, beurre de cacahuète/noix, crackers, ñebbe yuñ denc ci pot, fruit yuñ denc ci pot, meew UHT budul jeex, njaxasu yoon, ak avoine ci saasi balaa ngay jënd pepp yu ñor.
- Denc ñaari ubbikaayu pot rotary (ak benn soldaar P-38/P-51 ubbikaayu poos asiye) buñ laxas ci sa etaser pantry. Fan weeri ak juróomi kër yi am ñamu urgence ci pot ñu ngi wéeru ci benn ubbikaayu pot bu am kuuraŋ buy nekk gried fairweight ñaareel bi.
- Bu leen musa tëj ñam wu tooy (lu ëpp 10% ci ndox) wala ñam wu am diw ci biir sac Mylar ak ay absorbeur oxygen. Tëj ñam wu tooy (lu melni suukër bu maroŋ, jerky, fruit yu waw, lujum yu ñàkk ndox, wala mburu/pasta yu fere yu am oxygen ci kaw). barab bu tàng, tooy, bu amul ngelaw (amul oxygen) biy soxla ngir spore Clostridium botulinum (botulisme) yiy ray nit mëna jebbi ba noppi génne neurotoxin buy ray nit te du soppi xet wala neexaayu ñam wi.
- Kontu "prix ndox mu nëbbu" ci dencukaay ñam wu waw ak liofilise. 1 kilo (2.2 livre) bu nekk ci céeb gu waw, pasta, avoine, wala ñebbe dafay laaj 2 ba 3 litir (2 ba 3 litir US) ndox mu sell mu naan ok ngir indiwaat ndox ak togg. Bul musa ëmb ay staple yu waw te doo denc ndox mi war ci wetu sa 4 litir nit ku nekk ngir am ndox bis bu nekk. Gis yëgle ndox mu seey ak kaaraange ndox.
- **Denc ñam wi nga denc lépp ci biir armuwar bu lëndëm, bu lëndëm diggante 10 ba 21 degre Celsius (50 ba 70 degre Fahrenheit). dundu ak tëye vitamine ñam yiñ denc ci genn-wàll. Bul musa denc ñam wu jamp ci kaw kër gu amul isolation, garaas bu tàng wala néeg bu nekk ci biti.
flowchart TD
Start["Tabax ay jumtukaayi joxe lekk ci jamonoy jafe-jafe"] --> Tier1["Tier 1: Bis 1 ba 14 (Togguwul & Pantry buy Liggéey ci ndox mu néew)"]
Start --> Tier2["Tier 2: Fan 15 ba 90 (Staple yu waw + Sac yuñ jaay ci liofilizasioŋ)"]
Tier1 --> ReadyEat["Jën/Yàpp, Beurre de Noix, Nebe/Fruit, Crackers, Meew UHT, Diwu Olive"]
ReadyEat --> Rotate1["FIFO Rotation: Lekk li nga denc, nga wecci ko 6 ba 18 weer yu nekk"]
Tier2 --> MoistureCheck{"Ndax ñam yi dañu wow (<10% guus) te bariwul diw (<5% grees)?"}
MoistureCheck -->|Yes: White Rice, Dry Beans, Rolled Oats, Wheat, Pasta, Dry Milk| MylarPack["Sac Mylar de foil d'aluminium 5 à 7 mil avec absorbeur d'oxygène cc correct"]
MylarPack --> BucketStore["Tegal sac Mylar yuñ tëj ci biir seau HDPE bu 19 L (5 Gal) (10 ba 30 at)"]
MoistureCheck -->|No: Brown Rice, Nuts, Oils, Sugar, Salt, Dried Fruit| AltStore["Bul musa jëfandikoo absorbeur O2 ci suukër/ñam yu xawa tooy: weccoo diw/ceeb bu maroŋ 6 ba 12 weer yu nekk"]
Math ci kalori ak macronutriment: ñaata ñam la nit soxla¶
Su amee musiba, liggéey yaram (dindi garab yu daanu, yóbbu ay seau ndox ci eskaal yi, dox su transit bi wàccee, wala di lox ci néeg bu tàngul) dafay yokk sa metabolism basal ci 20% ba 50%. Sunu sukkandikoo ci Mbootayu Wérgi-yaram ci Àdduna bi (OMS), Departemaa bi yor mbay mi ci Etats Unis (USDA), ak Sphere Humanitarian Charter, regime biy dundal dafa wara am energie ak macronutriment yu gëna néew bis bu nekk suko defee sa yaram baña yàq tisu sidit yu néew doole yi wala ñuy sonn.
| Profaalu waa kër gi | Energy bi gëna ndaw bis bu nekk | 14 fan ci kalori yiñ bëgga | 30 fan ci kalori yiñ bëgga am | 90 fan ci kalori yiñ bëgga am | Li gëna am solo ci wàllu dundu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Góor gu mag (Liggéeyu musiba bu yam) | 2.400 ba 2.800 kcal/bis | 33.600 ba 39.200 kcal | 000 ba 84 000 kcal | 216.000 ba 252.000 kcal | 60 ba 80 g protein/ bis + 25% ba 30% kalori yu bawoo ci grees/diw |
| Jigéen ju màgget (Liggéeyu musiba yu yam) | 2.000 ba 2.200 kcal/bis | 28.000 ba 30.800 kcal | 60.000 ba 66.000 kcal | 180.000 ba 198.000 kcal | 50 ba 65 g protein/ bis + fer ak ferñent B |
| Jigéen ju ëmb wala juy nàmp | 2.500 ba 2.800 kcal/bis | 35.000 ba 39.200 kcal | 000 ba 84 000 kcal | 225.000 ba 252.000 kcal | Yokkateg 400 ba 500 kcal/bis, folate, kalsiyom, ferñeent yu bari yuy jàppale jigéen ju judd, ak yokk ndox |
| Adolescent (11 ba 18 at) | 2.200 ba 2.800 kcal/bis | 30.800 ba 39.200 kcal | 66.000 ba 84.000 kcal | 198.000 ba 252.000 kcal | Densité calorie bu bari, calcium (UHT/meew mu poudre), ak ñam yu neex yuñ miin |
| Xale (4 ba 10 at) | 1.400 ba 1.800 kcal/bis | 19.600 ba 25.200 kcal | 42.000 ba 54.000 kcal | 126.000 ba 162.000 kcal | Protein yu yomb reesal, beurre noix (sudee amul allergie), fruit, ak sàndiis yuñ miin |
| Xale bu ndaw (bu amul 3 at) | 800 ba 1200 kcal/bis | Formule en poudre/prêt à alimenter + purées en pot | 6 ba 8 poti formule yu mag + sac xale yu ndaw | 18 ba 24 poti formule xale ba + dugub yu am fer | Bu leen musa jox meew nag wala meew poudre xale yu ndaw yi tolluwul ci 12 weer. Xoolal guide go-sac bébé. |
Lan moo waral grees yi nekk sekkere dencukaay ñam yu jamp¶
Glusid yi (céeb, makaroni, avoine, farine) ak protein yi (ñebbe, thon bu amul yaram, làntiy) dañuy joxe 4 kilokalori ci gram bu nekk. Waaye, grees yi ak diw yi ci ñam yi dañuy joxe 9 kilokalori ci gram bu nekk, lu ëpp ñaari yoon dëgëraay bi ci energie ci lu néew genn-wàllu espace bi. - Benn butéelu diwu olive bu raxul, diwu coco, wala diwu lujum bu 1 litir (33.8 ons) amna 8,000 ba 8,800 kilokalori te soxlawul ndox wala essence ngir naan; dangay sotti 2 kuddu yu mag (240 kcal) ci kaw boolu ñebbe wala céeb ngir soppi feculent bu néew kalori mu nekk ñam wu neex. - Benn potu beurre de cacahuète wala beurre d'amande bu 1.13 kilo (40 ons) dafay joxe 6,500 ba 7,000 kilocalories, protein yu bari, grees yu baax, ak dundu 1 ba 2 at ci etaser te doo soxla togg.
Tier 1: Tabax 14 fan "No-Cook" Pantry Liggéey (Bis 1 ba 14)¶
Laata ngay jënd benn sac Mylar wala seau 25 at ci ñamu liofiliseer, defaral sa 14-Day Working Pantry jëfandikoo mbir yu neex te mën nekk ci etaser yi, yu sa waa kër di lekk ayu-bis bu nekk. Loolu dafay moytu "coono ci bëgg-bëggu lekk" (fu xale yi ak mag ñi baña lekk ñam wiñ xamul ngir mucc suñu nekkee ci stress) ba noppi moytu feebaru mbàq yi bawoo ci coppite ci saasi ci regime 100% blé ak ñebbe.
Limu jënd yu 14 fan yu amul toggu / essence bu néew ngir benn mag (dafay joxe -32,000 kcal)¶
Yokk limu mag ñi ci sa kër:
- Protein yi (mën nañu ko lekk sedd ci biir pot bi wala sac bi):
- 10 poti wala sac foil ton, salmon, sardine, wala makreel ci diwu olive (tannal jën wuñ def ci diw moo gën ndox; soo sotti diw ci kaw biskuit wala céeb dafay yokk 150 kalori ci poti bu nekk).
- 6 poti ween ginaar guñu dagg, yàpp buñ saaf, yàpp buñ saaf, wala yàpp SPAM/lunch.
- 8 pot (425 g / 15 oz bu nekk) ñebbe yu ñuul yuñ togg bu njëkk, ñebbe pinto, chickpeas, ñebbe yuñ lakk, wala suppu làntiy (ñebbe yiñ def ci pot dañu togg ba noppi mën nañu ko lekk ci pot bi ci tàngooru néeg te du am fuur).
- 2 potu yu mag (750 g ba 1 kg / 28 ba 40 oz bu nekk) beurre de cacahuète bu ànd ak kreem wala buy xoyom, beurre de jiwwu tournesol, wala beurre d'amande.
- Glusid ak pepp (Togguwul wala nga dugal ko ci ndox mu tàng 2 simili):
- 2 canister (1.2 kg / 42 oz bu nekk) avoine bu gaaw toggu (avoine gaaw mën nañu ko xooj ci ndox mu sedd wala meew mu guddi, ñu xamee ko ci "avoine guddi," te lekk ko te du am fuel buy toggu).
- 4 ëmb biskuit pepp yu mat sëkk, saltine, wala mburu yu plat yu foor (ñu tëj ko ci biir wax/foil).
- 2 koli tortillas farine (tortillas yuñ jëndoon ci butig ayu-bis yi weesu ci tàngooru néeg te duñu daggaatoo ni mburu).
- 14 kalori yu bari protein/granola wala paketu njaxas (250 kcal ci bu néew).
- Fruit yi, lujum yi, meew mi ak grees yi:
- 8 poti peche yuñ daggate, poire, ananas, wala mandarin yuñ def ci ndoxu fruit 100% (naanal ndoxu poti bi ngir am vitamine C, potassium ak hydratation).
- 6 poti lujum yu néew sodium (mboq suukër, ñebbe yu wert, karoot, tomate yu daggaatoo).
- 4 litir (4 litir) meew mu UHT (pasteurisée ci tàngoor wu metti) bu mëna wéy ci etaser wala 1 pot bu mag meew mu amul grees/meew mu waw lëmm.
- 1 buteelu (500 mL ba 1 L) diwu olive wala diwu coco + 1 butéelu lem bu sell (lem bu sell bu ñor/pasteurisé amna ndox mu néew ci suuf 0.60 ak dundu etaser budul jeex; lem bu kristal dafay nekk ndox suñu ko defee ci bool bu ànd ak ndox mu nugg).
- Moraal, Elektrolit, ak ferñeent yu ndaw:
- Sac kafe wala ataaya (dafay tere boppu buy metti ndax dindi kafeyin ci ñaareelu bis bi jafe-jafe bi amee), paketu cacao bu tàng, kub bouillon, xorom bu am yod, poobar bu ñuul, sauce bu tàng, ak butéelu 90 multivitamins yu mag ñi ak xale yi bis bu nekk.
Saytu bu baax bépp potu wen ndax amna ay boos yu xóot balaa ngay lekk
Poti wen yiñ jaay ci jaaykaay yi mën nañu leen lekk ay at yu bari ginaaw biñu leen imprime "Best By" su fekkee ni seal bi amul benn sikk, denc poti bi ci néeg bu sedd, bu waw (bu dul gelé te bu ëppul 29 degre Celsius / 85 degre Fahrenheit). Waaye, ** sànnil ci saasi bépp pot te doo ko ubbi wala ñam ** sudee catu yi dañu newwi wala ñu gëna jëm ca biti, sudee ndox wala mousse dafay génn suñu ko bënn, sudee wen wi daa xoosu bu baax, wala sudee benn boor bu ñaw toog ci kaw, ci suuf, wala ci wet gi ñaari tombi ñaw. Loolu mooy màndarga yiñ gëna xam yuy wane ni bakteri yi defar nañu gaz anaerobik, lu ci melni Clostridium botulinum buy ray nit.
2ème niveau: 30 ba 90 fan dencukaay bu waw ci sac Mylar ak ay absorbeur oxygen¶
Soo bëggee yokk sa lekk ci 14 fan dem ba ci 90 fan (3 weer) wala 1 at ci njëgu rasioŋ yi ñuy jaay ci kàmpiŋ, danga wara defar ñam wu wow wu bariwul guus, lu melni ** céeb bu weex, mbàq yu weex, ñebbe yu ñuul, ñebbe yu xonk, orge perle, pasta bu waw, ak meew mu waw bu amul grees**, ci biir sac Mylar aluminisé yu dëgër ak absorbeur oxygène en poudre de fer (\(O_2\) absorbeurs).
Naka la absorbeur Mylar + Oxygen di yokke dundu etaser ba 10 ba 30 at¶
Sac polyethylene Ziploc yiñ miin, ba ci seau plastik HDPE yu dëll yu 19 litir (5 galon) dañuy mëna jaar ci molecule oxygen yi ci jawwu ji ci diiru ay weer ak ay at. 1. Barière bi (5-Mil ba 7-Mil Mylar aluminisé): Sac Mylar bu dëggu buñ mëna lekk dafay laminate ci diggu foil aluminium dëgg diggante polyethylene bu am densité bu woyof (LLDPE) ak polyester bi ci biti (BoPET). Saytu sac yu am 5 mil ba 7 mil (125 ba 175 micron) ci yaatuwaay yuy nuru lu opaque bu baax suñu leen tëyee ci làmp-tors LED bu leer. 2. Scavenger bi (absorbeur oxygène poudre de fer): Air bi ci jawwu ji amna lu tollu ci 78% azot, 20.9% oxygène, ak 1% argon/CO2. Soo sànnee benn paketu poudre fer ak chlorure de sodium ci sac Mylar ba noppi nga tëj ko ci kaw, poudre fer bi dafay xoosu (oxide nekk oxide de fer), muy lëkkale 99.9% ci molecule oxygène yi ba concentration oxygène bi ci biir wàcci ci suufu%**1pp **0.0.0. 3. Li dindi oxygen mëna def: - **Dafay ray bépp gunóor, mbàjj, ak larve colf te du am lu chimik: ** mbàq pepp, mbàjj fanine, ak nen yu mbott yi dañuy noyyi ba noppi dee ci diir bu weesuwul 4 ba 14 fan ci jawwu ji am <0.1% oxygen azot (di dindi soxla wuñu tàng ba pepp). - Dafay tere rancidite oxidatif ak màggug moule aerobic. - Li waral sac bi du saa yu nekk di nuru "vacuum-shrunk": Ndax oxygen bi 20.9% ci air bi kese la, dessitu 78% gaz azote inerte dafay des ci biir sac bi. Ci ñam yu porous yu melni ñebbe yu waw wala makaroni makaroni, sac Mylar mën na wéy di yëg ni pillowy tuuti ak azot bu sell doonte 100% oxygen bi dindi nañu ko.
Tablo dimensionnement absorbeur oxygen (santimetre kib / cc ci resinto bu nekk)¶
absorbeur oxygen ñu ngi koy xayma ci santimetre kib (cc) oxygen bu sell biñ xëcci (du volume air bi yépp). Ndax 1 litir (1,000 mL) ci air bu amul dara dafay denc lu tollu ci 209 cc ci oxygen, jëfandikoo yii Daara bu kawe bu Etat bu Utah buñu firndeel ak USDA ci science alimentaire:
| Sac Mylar & taille de conteneur | Diisaay biñ tëye ci ñam wu waw | Dayo absorbeur oxygen bi gëna ndaw biñ digal (cc) |
absorbeur biñ digal ngir pasta / ñam yu am jëmm ju jaxasoo (gëna bari bërëb yu am air) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sac Mylar 1 litre / 1 litre | 0.6 ba 0.9 kg (1.5 ba 2 lbs) | 100 cc | 100 ba 200 cc |
| Sac de mylar de 3,8 litre de 1 galon américain | 2.3 ba 3.2 kg (5 ba 7 lbs) | 300 cc | 400 ba 500 cc |
| Sac Mylar de 2 Galon (7.6 Litre) | 5.5 ba 6.8 kg (12 ba 15 lbs) | 500 ba 600 cc | 600 ba 800 cc |
| 5 Galon US (19 Litre) Liner Mylar (Ci biir Seau HDPE bu 5 Galon) | 14 ba 16 kg (30 ba 35 lbs) céeb, blé, wala ñebbe; 7 ba 10 kg (15 ba 22 lbs) avoine wala pasta | 2,000 cc (ci misaal, ñeenti paketu 500 cc wala ñaari paketu 1,000 cc) | 2.000 ba 2.500 cc |
| #10 Poti de métal (3 litre / 109 oz) | 1.8 ba 2.5 kg (4 ba 5.5 lbs) | 300 cc | 300 ba 500 cc |
Tegtal: Jëfandikoo absorbeur oxygen bu ëpp tuuti li nga soxla (ci misaal, sànni paketu 500 cc ci sac bu 1 galon ci barabu 300 cc) amul benn loraange 100% te du musa gaañ ñam wi.
Ñam yi amul benn sikk vs.¶
Regle bu botulism: Bul musa tëj ñam wu am >10% guus wala diw bu bari ci Mylar ak ay absorbeur oxygen
Clostridium botulinum bakteri la bu amul ngelaw, spore yi duñu mëna dundu ludul suñu dindie oxygen bi** ak guus (water activity > 0.85 wala moisture content > 10%) mingi fi. Pepp ak noix yu bari diwu polyunsaturated itam dañuy nekk rancid ci diiru 6 ba 18 weer doonte ci Mylar. Toppal tablo tàqale bu dëgër bii:
| Xeet | Ñam yu amul fenn | Dafa wóor ngir absorbeur Mylar + \(O_2\) bu yàgg? | Dundug etaser biñu koy seentu ci 15 ba 21°C (60 ba 70°F) | Regle bu amul fenn ci emballage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agraf yu waw yu wóor (<10% guus, néew grees) | Roz bu weex (gudd/diggante/jasmin/basmati, togg), ñebbe yu waw (pinto, ñuul, rein, navy, làntiy, pois buñ xaaj), avoine buñ laxas wala bu gaaw, berry blé bu dëgër/bu nooy, orge perle, ma, pot/d flakes, poudre de lait sec sans gras, daggitu karoot/soble/pomme bu ñàkk ndox (<5% guus) | WAAW: Jëfandikool absorbeur Mylar + \(O_2\) | 10 ba 30 at (Meew mu wow wu amul grees ak pomme de terre: 10 ba 15 at; céeb bu weex, blé, avoine, ak ñebbe: 20 ba 30 at) | Def ci sac Mylar yu 1 wala 5 galon ak ay absorbeur yu am \(O_2\) ci biir seau HDPE yu mëna xeex rodent. |
| Agrafe yu wóor yu amul àpp (amul benn absorbeur oxygen) | Sukër bu weex buñ granule, suukër bu maroŋ, xorom bu sell bu am yod wala bu amul yod, bikarbonaat de soude, amidon de maïs | WAAW ngir Mylar, Déedet ngir \(O_2\) absorbeur | Amul àpp (30+ At) | Bu leen musa def benn absorbeur oxygen ci suukër wala xorom: dindi oxygen dafay tax suukër ak xorom ñu boole nekk xeer wu dëgër wu dul dagg, te fàww nga jël marteau ngir dagg ko. Séel ci Mylar amul absorbeur \(O_2\). |
| Pepp yu am diw yu gàtt ak noix (Risk bu rëy ci rancidite) | Roz bu maroŋ, farinu blé lëmm, noix garab (amànde, noix, pecan), jiwwu tournesol/citrouille, granola, poudre de lait entier, diwu lujum | Déedet ngir dencukaay fukki at yu bari | 6 ba 18 weer (Ba 2 at sudee dañu ko denc ci frigo bi wala ñu denc ko ci aspiratër) | Rice bu maroŋ dafay denc couche bran bu am diw bi, buy oxide ba noppi di xeeñ ni peinture bu woyof ginaaw 6 ba 12 weer. Deel denc rice bu weex ngir mu mëna ko denc lu yàgg. |
| Lekk yu bari ndox yuñu TËRE (Risku Botulism) | Jerky wala yàpp buñ defaree kër bu ñàkk ndox, resin, prune, dat, ak meññeef yu waw yuy xoyom (>10% niiru), laaj wala soble ci diw, pasta wala mburu yu xawa tooy, noix yu am >10% niiru | DAÑU TEER BU BAAX ak \(O_2\) Absorbeurs | Def ko ci emballage bu mëna noyyi wala frigo bu méngoo ak bisu defarkat bi | Yàpp ak meññeef yiñ liofilise te ñu togg ci biir néegu vide yu usine yi amul 2% ci niir residu rek ñoo mëna denc lu yàgg te tëju ci absorbeur \(O_2\). |
Jéego-ci-jéego: Ni ñuy defaree seau bu waw bu 90 fan ci kër¶
Lu tollu ci $45 ba $65 ci seau bu nekk, mën nga ëmbu benn seau bu 19 litir (5 galon) bu mëna tëye 15 kilogram (33 livre) céeb bu weex bu waw ak ñebbe pinto, luy joxe lu ëpp 52,000 kilokalori ci bis bi (doy ngir joxe k70 kilokalori ci bis bi, 30 fan, wala yokk ci liggéeyu famiy ci ayu-bis yi).
- Tannal "Mylar-Inside-Bucket" anam jëfandikoo 1-Galon (3.8-Litre) sub-sac: Ludul sotti 15 kilogram (33 livre) céeb bu loose ci benn 5-galon Mylar liner (buy wane sa 33 livre ci bis bi), ñebbe, ak avoine ci juróomi sac Mylar yu 1 galon (3.8 litir) 7 mil (ku nekk ci ñoom mën na tëye -2.7 kg / 6 lbs), nga dajale juróomi sac Mylar yu 1 galon yi ci biir benn seau plastik bu 5 galon HDPE bu am muur.
- **Etiketu bépp sac Mylar ak benn marker budul jeex LAATA ngay fees: ** Bindal li ci biir, diisaay bu waw, bis bi ñu ko defaree, ak ratio ndox mi ñuy toggee (lu melni, *"Mboor bu weex bu am pepp mu gudd: 6 lbs, ñu defaree ko Oct 2026, Simmer 1 kaasu céeb ci 2 kaasu ndox *).
- Defaral sa wen wala kawar gu plat: Benn feñkaay buy jubbanti kawar buñ defaree seramik (weñ bu plat) buñu defaree 190 ba 215 degre Celsius (375 ba 420 degre Fahrenheit), wala benn setlu Mylar impulse sealer, fuse 5-ba-7-mil Mylar bu baax.
- Ubbil sa pack absorbeur oxygen biñ defaree usine: Ñaareelu yoon boo daggee absorbeur oxygen bi ci usine bi, dañuy tàmbali absorbe oxygen bi ci air bi ci néeg bi, daal di tàng ci say baraam. Wutal limu paquet yi nga soxla ci 10 simili yii ci topp, nga tëj ci saasi absorbeur yi des te doo jëfandikoo ci biir benn weer bu ndaw Potu conserve Mason bu am muur bu am ñaari piyees (bul musa denc absorbeur oxygen ci kaw sac Ziploc, ndax dina ñu jeex).
- **Dugalal absorbeur bi, nga dindi ngelaw li ëpp, nga tëj tàngoor wi:**Dugalal benn 300 cc ba 500 cc absorbeur oxygen ci kaw pepp mi ci biir sac Mylar bu 1 galon bu nekk. Tëj catu kaw gi ci lu tollu ci 80% ci yaatuwaayam jëfandikoo sa fer bu plat, nga tëye ko ndànk ci wet yi ngir dindi ngelaw lu bari, nga fer 20% bi des ci 2.5-centimetre (1-inch) yaatuwaayu tombi kaw.
- Xaaral bu baax 24 waxtu ci ginnaaw: Saytu sac yi ci ëlëg sa balaa ngay tëj muur bu seau bi; Mylar dafa wara xëcc ci biir bu baax ci pepp mi, di firndeel seal hermetic bu amul pax.
Togg bu amul reso buy sakkanal essence: anam "Wonderbag" buy tëye tàngoor (Haybox)¶
Sooy lakk ñebbe yu waw yi ci kaw fuur bu am propane ci diiru 90 simili, loolu dafay lakk lu bari ci essence bu bariwul, te soo toggee ñebbe yu xonk yu wow te dëgër, mën na jur loraange: ñebbe yu xonk yu ñor wala yu togguwul bu baax, dañuy am phytohaemagglutinin acagent (ki) waccu ak biir buy daw fileek toogul ñebbe yi ba noppi togg leen bu baax ci 100 degre Celsius (212 degre Fahrenheit) lu mu néew 10 simili yu mat.
Dagg li ngay jëfandikoo ci fuur urgent ci 70% ba 80% jëfandikoo ñaari pexe yu yomb yu génn ci reso bi: 1. Guddi gi ñuy raxas + Bikarbonaat de soude: Raxasal ñebbe yu waw yi guddi gi (8 ba 12 waxtu) ci ndox mu set ak ½ kuddu kafe bikarbonaat de soude (\(NaHCO_3\)) litre ndox mu raxas bu nekk. Ion sodium yu alkaline yu woyof yi dañuy weccoo palaas ak ion calcium yi ci der pektin bi ci ñebbe bi, suko defee ñu wàññi diiru toggu bi ci ñaar. Xoolal ndox mi nga raxas, nga def ci ndox mu féex, nga bàyyi ko mu bax bu baax 10 simili yu mat ngir dindi bépp lectin. 2. Tàngoor wiñ tëye ("Haybox" / Cuisiniere thermique / Towel-in-a-Cooler) Togg: Soo amee céebi céeb, avoine, pasta, wala ñebbe yuñ togg ci diiru 10 simili, faat fuur bi ci saasi. Tegal pot wen wiñ tëj bu baax ci biir cooler picnic bu am isolation buñu defaree sarbet wëtteen bu dëll ak mbàjj leen (wala cuisiniere thermique bu am isolation bu am vide / Wonderbag), nga dugal sarbet yi bu baax ci kaw cooler bi, nga tëj cooler bi. Energie thermique biñ tëj dafay wéyal toggu ñam wi ci 85 ba 95 degre Celsius (185 ba 203 degre Fahrenheit) ci diiru 1 ba 4 waxtu, togg céeb ci diiru 30 simili ak ñebbe yu waw ci diiru 2 ba 3 waxtu di jëfandikoo **5 ba 10 simili fuel kese.
Limu dencukaay yu am solo diggante 14 fan ba 90 fan¶
Jëfandikool limu saytu bii ngir tabax kër gu dëgër, di wëlbatiku jéego ci jéego:
- Xaymal kalori yi sa njaboot bëgga lekk: Yokk
2,200 to 2,500 kcal × [Number of Adults] × [14, 30, or 90 days]ak méngale ko ak xale yi, yaay yu ëmb/yu am doom, ak seeni soxla ci wàllu pajum (lu melni lu amul gluten wala lu néew sodium). - Matal Tier 1 (Bis 1 ba 14 No-Cook Pantry) njëkk: Stock jën ci pot ci diw, yàpp ci pot, ñebbe ci pot yuñ togg bu njëkk, beurre de cacahuète/noix, avoine bu gaaw, biskuit, fruit ci pot ci jus, meew UHT, lem, ak olive.
- Bandeel ñaari ubbikaayu poti rotary ak benn ubbikaayu asiye P-38/P-51 ci biir buntu pantry bi ci jafe-jafe.
- Tabax Tier 2 (15 ba 90 fan yu waw ci Mylar): Defar 1-galon 7-mil sac Mylar yu céeb bu weex, ñebbe yu waw / làntiy, avoine, pasta, ak meew mu waw bu amul grees ak **300 cc ba 500 cc oxygen (5-galon) seau HDPE ci biir armoire (
10 to 21°C / 50 to 70°F). - Denc ndoxu toggu ak ndoxu defaraat ci wetu ñam wu waw wi: Saytu nga denc ndox wala filtre ndox bu mikrobioloji buñ sertifiye + pajum chlore ngir mëna am 2 ba 3 litir ndoxu toggu ci kilogramu pepp bu waw bi war ngir indiwaat ndox mi.
- Denc essence bu wóor ngir toggu ak cuisiniere thermique: Def ci fuur butane/propane buñ mëna yóbbu (ñu koy jëfandikoo ci biti wala ci barab bu am ngelaw lu baax, am detektëru monoxyde de carbon bu am batëri) boole ci refroidisseur buñ defaree sarbet ngir toggu tàngoor wi.
- Boole ci ñamu baayima yi ak ñamu xale baayima yi: Def ci 30 fan yu ñuy wëlbati ñamu baayima yi ci pot (ñu denc ko ci pañe yu du am luy dugg) ak ñamu xale baayima yi su ko jaree. xoolal baayima yi ci jafe-jafe.
Laaj yi ñuy faral di laaj¶
Ndax ñam yiñ def ci pot mën nañu leen lekk ginaaw biñu bind "Best By" wala "Use By" ci pot bi?
Waaw, daanaka ci mbir yépp. Sunu sukkandikoo ci Departemaa bi yor mbay mi ci Etats Unis (USDA) Serwiisu Kaaraange ak Saytu Lekk, bis yiñ imprime ci produit yiñ denc ci etaser yi ("Li gëna baax suñu ko Jëfandikoo" wala "Jaay nañu ko") dafay wax ci cafka gi gëna baax ak kalite texture bi, du kaaraange mikrobioloji. ñam yi asid néew (lu melni yàpp yuñ defaree pot, thon, supp, ñebbe, mboq, ak pois) mën nañu des ci jàmm 2 ba 5+ at ginaaw biñu leen imprime, ñam yi asid bari ci pot (tomate, ananas, agrume) ñu ngi yàgg 12 ba 18+ weer ginaaw biñu leen bindee. amul benn perforaasioŋ bu am xoosu, amul benn boor ci tombi ñaw yi, amul benn newwi wala bulge.
Lan moo tax ma wara denc céeb bu weex ci palaasu céeb bu maroŋ bu am doole ngir denc ñam wu jamp lu yàgg?
Doonte céeb bu maroŋ bi dafa bari fibre ak ay micronutriment ngir lekk bis bu nekk, couche bran bi ci biti dafa bari diwu polyinsaturé. Doonte dañu ko tëj ci biir sac Mylar bu am absorbeur oxygen, diw yooyu dañuy seey ci hydrolyse enzymatique ba noppi nekk rancid ci diir bu weesuwul 6 ba 18 weer ci tàngooru néeg, loolu mooy jox céeb gi xet gu wex, saabu, gëna woyof ci peinture. Rouge bu weex buñ poli (lu ci melni pepp yu gudd, jasmin, basmati, ak céeb bu weex buñ togg) dindi nañu ko bran bu am diw, suko defee mu des bu fere te mën ko lekk 20 ba 30 at ci Mylar ak absorbeur oxygen.
Lu tax sama saaku suukër Mylar soppeeku nekk xeer wu dëgër ginaaw bima defee absorbeur oxygen ci biir?
Suukër bu weex ak xorom ñu ngi am tuuti ndox ci kaw seen kristal. Soo defee benn absorbeur oxygène bu am poudre fer ci biir sac Mylar bu def suukër wala xorom, reaction chimique bi ak ni oxygen bi di jeexee dafay tax kristal yi booloo nekk benn bloc bu dëgër ni beton. Ginaaw suukër ak xorom yu sell yi amul benn mbiri ndox, bakteri yi, moule yi ak gunóor yi mënu ci nekk; dangay tëj suukër si ak xorom si ci biir sac Mylar wala seau buñ mëna lekk TE AMUL absorbeur oxygen, dina ñu des loose ak pourable ba fàww.
Sudee sama sac Mylar bu def ñebbe yu waw wala pasta du waw ni brik buñ tëj ci aspiratër, ndax absorbeur oxygen bi dafa yàqu?
Du loolu mooy tax. Air bi ci jawwu ji amul lenn ludul 20.9% oxygen; 78% bi ci des gaz azote inerte la. Benn absorbeur oxygen du dindi 20.9% ci oxygen bi ba noppi bàyyi 78% ci azot bi ci ginaaw. Ci ñam yi am poos yu yaatu yu dëgër diggante piyees yi (lu melni pasta makaroni, ñebbe rein, wala avoine), benn ci juróomi wàll yi ci volume air biñ tëj kese mooy réer, kon sac bi dafay xëcc tuuti ci biir ("effet dimple") moo gën ñuy gëna xëcc der bi melni aspiratër. Soo fekke ni sa heat-seal bi ci kaw dafay wéy, te paquet absorbeur bi tàng suñu ko ubbee, gaz bi des ci biir sac bi azot bu amul benn loraange la.
Ndax mën naa lekk ñebbe yu waw wala céeb bu waw bu ñor, boole leen ci ndox mu sedd sudee amuma fuur?
Mën nga lekk avoine buñ lakk, céeb buñ togg ci diir bu gàtt, ak couscous soo leen xooj waxtu yu bari ci ndox mu sedd ("xootal bu sedd"). Waaye, bul musa lekk ñebbe rein yu waw yu ñor wala yu sedd, ñebbe pinto wala ñebbe yu ñuul. Njëbbe yu waw yu ñor (espesialeman ñebbe yu xonk yi) dañu am lectin bu bawoo ci gàncax gu tuddu phytohaemagglutinin buy lore ci nit; lekk ñeent wala juróomi ñebbe rein yu togguwul bu baax mën na tax nga waccu bu baax ak biir buy daw ci diir bu weesuwul 1 wala 3 waxtu. Nebbe yu waw yi dañu leen wara xooj ba noppi baxal leen bu baax ci 100 degre Celsius (212 degre Fahrenheit) lu mu néew 10 simili balaa ñu leen di toggu wala ñu dugal leen ci cuisiniere thermique. Soo amee senaario bu amul essence, danga wara denc ñebbe yuñ togg ba pare.
Saytu nañu ay balluwaay¶
- Departemaa bi yor mbay mi ci Etats Unis (USDA, Etats Unis): Serwiisu Kaaraange ak Saytu Ñam (FSIS) Fiche de Fact de Sécurité Alimentaire Stable à Etagères, Toppatoo Lekk yi ci Jamonoy Jafe-jafe, ak Njàngalem fàggu Botulism ak Konseer.
- Yokkateg koperatiif bu Daara bu kawe bu Etaa bu Utah (USU Food Science, Etats Unis): Dencukaay ñam ngir jëfandikoo ci kër: Jëfandikoo ay absorbeur oxygen, sac foil Mylar, ak ay model yuy yàgg ci tàngoor.
- Kuréel gi yor wàllu ñam ak garab ci Etats Unis (FDA, Etats Unis): Téere gunóor yu baaxul yi: Mikro-organism yiy indi feebar ak toxin yu bawoo ci ñam (Clostridium botulinum ci liggéeyu ndox ak toxisite ci lectin ci rein bu xonk).
- Mbootayu Wérgi-yaram ci Àdduna bi ak Mbootayu Lekk ak Bayyima (OMS/FAO, International): Energie bi nit ñi soxla ak ni ñuy dundee ci jamonoy jafe-jafe (2,100 kcal Standard bi gëna ndaw biy jàppale doomi aadama yi).
- Agence fédérale de gestion d'urgence ak Ready.gov (FEMA, Etats Unis): Lekk ak ndox ci jamonoy jafe-jafe (Waaj Pantry ak tànneef ñam wudul yàqu).
- Santar bu mag biy sàmm ñam ci kër (NCHFP, Universite bu Georgia, Etats Unis): Wawal, ëmbeefi vide, ak sàrti kaaraange ëmbuleef yu néew oxygen.