Mbasum asthma bu taw ak ngalaw: Lu waral ngelaw yu bawoo ci taw ak ngalaw di jur asthma bu bari buy tiital dundu¶

Su amee taw ak ngalaw lu metti ci jamonoy pringtemps wala ci ndoortelu ete bi, di jàll ci ñax yi, ci tool yi, wala ci koridoor yu bari pollen, taw bu sedd bi ak kanam gi mën na jur ci saasi, jafe-jafe wérgi-yaram yu mag yu ñuy woowe ** asthma taw ak ngalaw . Ci Nowambur 2016 ci Melbourne, Australie, benn gaal bu am doole jurna lu ëppu 3300 paj mu jamp ak 10 nit ñu dee ci ay waxtu, di sonal flotu ambulance yu mag yi ak lopitaal yu mag yi. Allergie yu bari yi ci jamono yi, fu ñaxu segale wala peppu pollen garab yu tollu ci 20 ba 60 mikrometre (0.0008 ba 0.0024 pouce) tëju ci biir bakkan bi te duñu lore, taw ak taw ak ngalaw luy yéeg peppu pollen bi yépp ci niir yu xawa tooy rupture mekanik. Bépp peppu pollen bu toj dafay daggaatoo nekk téemeeri granule amidon yu ndaw, yu am allergen, yu tollu ci 0.5 ba 2.5 micrometre (0.00002 ba 0.0001 pouces), ñu daal di koy laxas ba ci mbedd mi ci ngelaw lu sedd luy génn ci biir brochio yi, ñu noyyi ko ci broche yi.

Ndax bioaerosol yu ndaw yooyu dañuy romb bakkan bi yépp, ** lu ëpp 40 ba 60 pursaa ci ñi ñu faat ñu am bronchospasm buy gàllankoor seen bakkan ci jamonoy asthma bu taw ak ngalaw, musu ñu am asthma bu njëkk **, ndax daa musa am feebar bu woyof ci sesoŋ bi). Sudee yaw wala kenn ku la jege tàmbali di xëm, di yuuxu, wala di am jafe-jafe wax bu baax ndax taw bu metti biy am ci pringtemps, laajal sa waa kër ci saasi nimero paj mu jamp (911 ci Etats Unis ak Canada, 999 ci Royaume-Uni, 112 ci Mbootaayu Ëroop, ak 000 ci Australie) ñu tàmbali paj mu njëkk ci bronchodilatateur ci dose yu bari. Danga wara xam ni ñuy yoree baseline asthma, xàmmee sistemik reaction allergique, ak barab bu wóor ci taw ak melax.

Defal lii leegi¶

Sudee taw ak ngalaw lu am pollen bu bari ci pringtemps wala ci ndoortelu ete bi mingi jegesi, wala sudee nit tàmbali sëqët, siif, wala di am luy metti ci dënn bi ci jamonoy taw bu metti:

1. Duggal ci biir kër gi ci saasi balaa sedd biy génn ci kanam gust bi di agsi:
2. Li gëna bari ci granule amidon pollen yu sub-micron yi dañuy jaar ci biir ngelaw lu sedd, lu am doole (ci kanam) luy ñëw 10 ba 30 simili balaa taw bi.
3. Toxu ci biir tabax bu rëy wala oto bu am kaw bu dëgër soo gisee niir yu ñuul yuy tabax wala nga yëg tàngoor wi ci lu gaaw wàcci ak ngelaw li ci bis bi pollen bi bari.
4. Tëj bépp palanteer te nga soppi klimaa bi mu def ko ci biir:
5. Tëjal bu baax bépp palanteer bu nekk ci biti, buntu balkon bi ak buntu féexal ndox mi.
6. Teg sistem HVAC yi ci kër gi ak sistem yiy saytu klimaa bi ci 100 pursaa ci recirculation air bi ci biir suko defee ngelaw liy génn ci biti du dugg ci cabine bi wala ci barabu dëkkuwaay bi, nga taal HEPA (Air bu am doole bu kawe) purifier buñu xayma ngir jàpp **0 particule3.
7. Xaaral diisaayu yooni respiraasioŋ yi ci test bu wax benn noyyig benn noyyig:
8. Laaj ki laal mu wax ab frase bu mat sëkk ak kàddu yu kawe.
9. Attack bu yam: Mën na wax ci ay frase, dégg sibbiru, noyyig lu ëpp 20 noyyig simili bu nekk, pulse 100 ba 120 beats ci simili bu nekk.
10. Cong bu metti: Mën na wax benn baat ci diggante noyyig, toog jub ni tripod tëye catu toogukaay, suprasternal wala intercostal retractions (der bi di suy ci suufu boli bi ak ci diggante cox yi), pulse bi ëpp 120 beats ci simili bi.
11. Dafay gëna ray nit: Dafay sonn lool ba mënu wax dara, cyanose (bët yu baxa-doomu taal wala wewi baraam), jaxasoo wala nelaw, bradycardie (bëgg xol buy yeex), wala "bënn bu noppi" fu ngelaw li di tëju bu baax ba kenn mënul dégg.
12. Jëfandikool protokolu féexal 4x4x4 jëfandikoo inhalatër bu am dose buñ xayma ci pressure (pMDI) ak espaceur:
13. Toogal nit ki mu jub (bul musa forse malaad asthma mu tëdd, ndax loolu dafay tënk diaphragm bi ba noppi gëna tar suffocation).
14. Yëngal ab inhalatër buy féexal agonist beta-2 (SABA) bu gàtt lu melni ** salbutamol (albuterol) ** wala ** terbutaline ** ak doole, nga dugal ko ci néeg bu am valve (espaceur) **, nga jox ko **1 puff ci espaceur bi **, nga fexe nit ki noyyi 4 yoon ci biir spacer bi ndànk, benn puff.
15. Baamtu lii 4 yoon ci lëmm (4 puff yu wuute, ak 4 noyyig puff bu nekk).
16. Xaaral 4 simili. Sudee noyyig bi delluwatul bu baax, defal ko 4 noyyiwaat (4 noyyig noyyig bu nekk) nga woo ci saasi serwiisu pajum paj mu jamp sudee defoo ko ba leegi.
17. Sudee amul benn espaceur, defar sa néeg wala nga jëfandikoo pexem inhalation bu yeex:
18. Su amee bronchospasm bu metti, inhalatër bi dafay dugg ci gémmiñ gi te du am benn espaceur, dafay bàyyi 80 pursaa ci garab gi ci ginaaw boli bi moo gën ci poumon yi.
19. Sudee amoo benn espaceur plastik bu ñuy jaay, dagg benn xarxar ci suufu koppu këyit bu waw bu set wala buteelu ndox plastik bu 500 mililitër (16.9-ons fluid) ngir defar ci néeg bu ñuy tëye, wala nga wax nit ki mu génne ngelaw li, tëj seen bët ci biir. ndànk te baña bàyyi lu weesu 3 ba 5 seconde, ba noppi tëye seen noyyig ba 10 seconde suñu ko nangu.
20. Waajal ambulance Gridlock ak waajal Triage sa bopp wala farmasist rescue sudee reso yi dañu fees:
21. Ci jamonoy mbasum asthma bu am taw ak ngalaw lu bari ci gox bi, ay junniy nit ñu ngi woo sarwiisu paj mu jamp ci benn yoon, raŋ yi ngir yónnee ambulance yi mën nañu weesu 2 ba 4 waxtu.
22. Sooy tëye liiñ bu ubbeeku wala wooteb yónnee ci malaad bu tar wala bu nekk ci jafe-jafe dundu, wéyal di joxe ** 4 puffs salbutamol (albuterol) 4 simili yu nekk ** (wala ba 6 ba 8 puffs 5 simili yu nekk ci ndigalu dispatcher ci jafe-jafe dundu). Sudee ambulance yi amul benn yoon, te dawalkat bi mën na yegg ci departemaa bi yor paj mu jamp ci hopitaal bi wala farmasi paj mu jamp ci diir bu weesuwul 5 ba 10 simili, boole ci yóbbug malaad bi sudee malaad bi denc na xel te wéy di jot puffs spacer en route.

Garab giy jël dogal: fàggu asthma ci taw ak ngalaw, tànneef, ak bronchodilatation¶

flowchart TD
    Start["PRINTEMPS WALA NJÀNGALEELU ETE TAW MUY JEGE - Ñax mu kawe, ñaxx mu bonn, wala pollen garab + àrtu ci kanam gust"] --> Location{"Ndax yaw wala nit ñi gëna am risk - (fever ñax, sibbiru, wala asthma) nekk ci biti?"}

    Location -->|YES: Outdoors or Windows Open| SealUp["LAATA GUST FRONT HITS - 1. Duggal ci biir kër gi wala nga dugg ci oto bu tëju 20-30 simili balaa taw bi - 2. Tëj bépp palanteer, buntu, ak bépp ventilation - 3. Def AC ci 100% RECIRCULATION INTERNAL & daw"]

    Location -->|NO: Symptoms Already Starting| Triage["TRIAGE RESPIRATOIRE RAPIDE - Saytu kàddu yi, viteesu noyyig bi, dellu ginaaw, melo der bi, ak son yi ci poumon yi"]
    SealUp --> SymptomsCheck{"Ndax amna ku am sëqët, dënn bi di tëf, - di sibbiru, wala di gaawa sonn?"}
    SymptomsCheck -->|No Symptoms| Monitor["Demal ci biir kër 2 ba 4 waxtu ginaaw bi taw bi weesee - Naan garab guñu la bindal ngir moytu (ICS) ak antihistamine"]
    SymptomsCheck -->|Yes: Symptoms Present| Triage

    Triage -->|MILD TO MODERATE - Speaks in phrases, audible wheeze, sitting up| FourByFour["TÀMBALEE 4x4x4 PROTOKOLU SALBUTAMOL / ALBUTEROL - 1. Toogal malaad bi jub; bul leen bàyyi ñu tëdd - 2. Jox 1 puff ci SPACER -> malaad bi noyyi 4 yoon - 3. Baamtu 4 yoon (total 4 puffs / 16 noyyig spacer) - 4. Xaaral 4 simili nga xoolaat wax & liggéeyu noyyig"]

    Triage -->|SEVERE OR LIFE-THREATENING - Single words only, blue lips, silent chest, exhaustion| CallEMS["WOOOL CI SAASI SERWIIS YI JAMP - (911 / 999 / 112 / 000) nga wax 'Astma bu metti bu am taw ak ngalaw'"]

    FourByFour --> ImproveCheck{"Ndax noyyig ak wax dellu nañu bu baax - ginaaw 4 simili yu njëkk yi?"}
    ImproveCheck -->|YES: Fully Relieved| PostCare["Xool bu baax ci diiru 4 waxtu (risku rebond biphasic) - Delloosi 4 puffs sudee wheeze bi dellusi; wutal seetlu pajum"]
    ImproveCheck -->|NO: Still Breathless| CallEMS

    CallEMS --> ContinuousReliever["2. Sudee malaad bi bindal nañu ko prednisolone/prednisone wala SMART (budesonide/formoterol) wala SMART (budesonide/formoterol), nga jox ko 4 pomp yu bari, nga jox ko leegi. newwi, ultiseer, choc), - dugal Epinephrine ci sidit yi (0.3-0.5 mg) ci biir pooj bi ci biti"]

Fisik atmosferik ak patobioloji asthma taw ak ngalaw¶

Xam li waral ay taw yu convective rek ñoo waral bronchospasm bu bari, dafay jàppale nit ñi, daara yi, ñiy amal xew-xew yi ci biti, ak departemaa yi yor paj mu jamp ñu waajal mbas mi ay waxtu laata ñuy woo 911 wala 000.

1. Motër Meteoroloji bu am ñeenti etap¶

Mbasum asthma bu ànd ak taw ak ngalaw fàww mu méngoo bu baax ak anam yi klimaa bi di doxee ci aerobiologie ak convective:

1. 1e étape - Taw yiy njëkka am ci sedd/pringtemps ak màggug ñax: Taw yu metti yiy am ci diggu sedd bi ak ci pringtemps dañuy jur màggug ñax mu tàng (espesialeman ñaxu segale budul jeex, Lolium perenne, ñaxu Timothy plapwind, Phleum pratense, wala xeetu Parie) dëkk yu mag yi, topp ci ay fan yu tàng, waw, am ngelaw luy waral tóor-tóor yu bari ak génne yu bari ci jawwu ji ay peppu pollen yu amul benn sikk (** pollen yu bari yu ëpp 100 ba 500 pepp ci meetar kib bu ngelaw li**).
2. ** 2e étape - Convective Updraft Sweep : Bi front bu sedd bu dëgër, ligne dryline, wala ligne squall multicell di awaase ci kaw plains yu pollen yu kawe yi ci boori tisbaar, tàngoor buy flote ci kanamu taw bi dafay dindi ay miliyaar ci peppu pollen yu daanu yi ci kaw suuf 1,000 ba 3,000 meetar (3,300 ba 9,800 pied) kawewaay.
3. 3e étape - Choc osmotique, charge électrique, ak fragmentation mécanique: Ci biir niir yu am humidité bu bari (fu humidité relative bi weesu 95 ba 100 pursaa) ak ci biir champs électrique yu am doole yi ci cellule tempête bi:
4. Pepp pollen yu amul benn sikk dañuy gaawa xëcci niiru hypotonik yi jaaraleko ci seeni bërëbi germinaal (surge de pression turgor osmotique).
5. Pression hydrostatique bi ci biir dafa ëpp dooley tension bi ci biir pollen bi (exine ak intine), moo waral pepp mi di ubbeeku ni ballon ndox bu ndaw (lyse osmotique).
6. Ci jamano jooju, ay barabi electrostatik yu am doole (10,000 ba 100,000 volt ci meetar bu nekk) ak cisage mekanik diggante pepp yu sedd lool ak fracture graupel, dañu raxas wala ñu tooy tuuti peppu pollen ak spore champignon yi (Alternaria, Cladosporium-sub5 pollen). mikromet **).
7. 4e étape - Concentration bu sedd biy wàcci ak bomb biy génn ci kanam: Seddal bi taw bi di def dafay yóbbu ay trillion ci granule amidon yu bari ay allergen yu ndaw, ñu gaaw wàcci ci kaw suuf si. Su ngelaw lu sedd liy wàcci daje ak suuf si, dafay tasaaroo ci kanam ci 40 ba 100 km/h (25 ba 62 mph) muy lu xóotul, turbulent kanam (frontière de débit) **100 ba 400 meetar (330 ba 1 feet.) Ndax tàngoor wi dafay soppi sedd biy génn, particule pollen yi mënu ñu tasaaroo ci kaw; lu moy loolu, dañu leen di gëna xëcc ñu nekk niir bioaerosol buñudul gis, buy laxasu suuf, ci kawewaay bi nit mëna noyyi 10 ba 30 simili balaa taw bu metti di ñëw ngir raxas ngelaw li.

2. Tegtale: Fever Hay bu bari ci jamono yi ak. Asthma buy jàpp taw ak ngalaw¶

Xamme klinik bi ak jëfandikoo gi jéego par jéego balaa lopitaal¶

1. Xam Bronchospasm bu nëbbu ci ñi ñuy njëkka gaañ¶

Lu ëpp genn-wàll nit ñiy am asthma ci taw ak ngalaw musu ñu am asthma ci seen àdduna, moo tax bari wuñu luñuy xam luy xew ci seeni poumon. Ñu bari dañu jàpp ni dañu am arret karjaak, ñuy tof ci pënd, wala ñu am panique:

• Sëqët suy wéy, waw, paroxysmal: Ci mag ñu bari ak xale, constriction bu ndaw ci yooni respiraasioŋ yi dafay njëkka feeñ, te du melni sifflet musical bu yàgg, waaye dafay nuru sëqët su tàng, hacking wow buy gëna tar saa yu ñuy noyyi ngelaw li ci biti.
• Sibbiru expiratoir ak exhalation bu yàgg: Ndax pression intrathoracique dafay yokk su malaad bi di noyyi, bronchiole yu tàng yi ak yu tëju yi dañuy gëna xat su malaad bi di jéema noyyi. Noyyig biir dafa gàtt te xóotul, waaye noyyig biti dafay jël ñaar wala ñetti yoon lu gëna yàgg te dafay defar bruit bu kawe buy siif (wheeze).
• Hyperinflation Dynamique ("Tàpp ngelaw"): Ndax kiñ laal mën na génne ngelaw lu néew ci biir bronchiole yu xat yi waaye mënul ko génne bu baax balaa muy tàmbali noyyi, ngelaw lu yàgg dafay tëju ci biir alveole yi. Dëkk bi dafay nekk forme baril, di yaatu lool, di forse malaad bi mu jéng ci kanam ci loxo yu tàllal (** position tripod **) ba noppi jëfandikoo sidit yi ci baat bi ak ci cox bi ngir génne tuuti ngelaw lu féex ci kaw seen poumon yu gëna gonf.
• ** Àrtu ci "Dënn bu noppi" biy ray nit**: Sudee kuy seetaan dafa def noppam ci dënn bi wala ci ginaawam, mu dégg ** benn bruit wala noyyi bu jaar yoon** fekk malaad bi dafay sonn noyyi, **bronchospasm bi leegi daanaka 100 pursaa matna. Daanaka amul ngelaw luy dugg wala luy génn ci poumon yi; bradycardie hypoxique ak arrêt cardiaque dina ñu ci topp ci diir bu gàtt fileek bronchodilatation bu metti ak ventilation buy jàppale tàmbaliwul ci saasi.

2. Ni ñuy defee pexem xettali 4x4x4 ci anam wu jaar yoon¶

Gëstu pajum konsilu asthma bu Australie, Initiative Global ngir Asthma (GINA), ak Société Thoracique britannique dañu wane ni inhalatër bu am dose bu am doole (pMDI) buñ takk ci benn espaceur bu am valve dafa am doole ni (te gëna gaaw ci defar) ab lopitaal buy boole ay virus, ab nebulizer jet:

1. Tegal malaad bi: Toogal nit ki mu jub ci chaise wala mu tëye ci kuuraŋ, mbagg yi jubal tuuti ci kanam. Loosal bépp koliye wala sangl bu tëju ci dënn bi.
2. Defar inhalatër bi ak espaceur bi:
3. Dindil kap bi ci pMDI buy féexal baxa (salbutamol 100 mikrogaraam / albuterol 90 mikrogaraam ci puff bu nekk).
4. Yëngal inhalatër bi ci anam wu taxaw 3 ba 5 seconde nga dugal piyeesu gémmiñ bi bu baax ci ringu ginaaw bu espaceur bu am vanne bi.
5. Joxe Puff 1 (Njàngalem Noyyig Tidal):
6. Tegal spacer bi ci diggante bëñi malaad bi nga tëj bët yi bu baax (wala nga tëye masku xale ci bakkan bi ak gémmiñu xale bu tolluwul ci 4 at).
7. Toggal kanister bi benn yoon* ngir dugal 1 puff ci biir spacer bi, nga wax malaad bi noyyi ndànk jaare ko ci gémmiñam 4 yoon.
8. Joxe Puff 2, 3, ak 4:
9. Yëngal ko ab diir, nga lakk Puff 2 (4 noyyig ndànk), Puff 3 (4 noyyig ndànk), ak Puff 4 (4 noyyig ndànk).
10. Cycle de évaluation bu 4 simili:
11. Xaaral 4 simili nga xool tànki dënn bi, guddaayi kàddu yi ak melo bët yi.
12. Sooy sëqët, sëqët, wala ngay mënatul noyyi ginaaw 4 simili, baamtu ci saasi beneen cycle bu 4 noyyi (4 noyyi ci noyyi bu nekk).
13. Dose bi gëna mag biñu wara joxe balaa ñuy dem lopitaal: Bi ñuy xaar ambulance bu yeex ci jamonoy asthma bu bari, mag ñi ak xale yi weesu 6 at te nekk ci jafe-jafe yu metti mën nañu am 4 puffs 4 simili yu nekk (wala 6 ba 8 puffs 5 simili yu nekk ci dundu ngir jafe-jafe). Njexitali garab yu bari yu salbutamol/albuterol mëna jur ci diir bu gàtt, lu ci melni loxo yuy lox ak xol buy tëf-tëfi gaaw, mën nañu am njeexital ci wàllu farmakoloji te ñu gëna néew loraange ni asphyxie buñu fajuwul.

3. Xeetu saafara yu jamp sudee amul inhalatëru asthma ci barab bi¶

Ndax 40 ba 60 pursaa ci ñi loru ci asthma ci taw ak ngalaw amul benn inhalatër su taw bi dalee, ñiy seetaan ak seen waa kër dañuy faral di jànkoonte ak jafe-jafe yu raglu bi ambulance yi di yeex:

• Leble ab inhalatër buy féexal xol ci saasi (Séddoo ab bronkodilatëru Samaritan bu baax):
• Sudee asthma bi mën na ray nit, bul sax xaar laaj say dëkkandoo, say naataango liggéey, say jàngalekat wala say ñiy romb ndax amna ku yor inhalatëru salbutamol/albuterol bu baxa wala inhalatëru budesonide/formoterol.
• Fomp gémmiñ gi ak tampoŋu alkol wala mbàjj mu set, wala nga lakk inhalatër bi nga leble ci koppu këyit bu sell wala nga dagg butéelu ndox bu plastik ngir ñu baña laal gémmiñ gi, nga def protokol 4x4x4.
• Xool ndax farmasi bi nekk ci diggante bi ngay dox wala 2 simili dawal:
• Ci dëkk yu melni Australie (Schédule 3 Farmasist-Only Medicine), Royaume-Uni (Sàrt yiñ tëral ci wàllu paj mu jamp), Canada, ak pàcci Union Européenne, farmasist yi ci askan wi dañu am sañ-sañu joxe inhalatëru acusbutamol (albuterol) ci jamonoy jafe-jafe te kenn duko bindal doktër.
• Kañ nga wara jëfandikoo pikiir epinefrin (Epipen/Jext/Emerade/Auvi-Q):
• Nit ñu bari ñu am allergie bu metti ci ñax wala allergie ci lekk dañuy yóbbaale injecteur epinephrine (adrenaline) ci sidit yi doonte duñu yor inhalatëru salbutamol.
• Epinephrine ab agoniste adrenergique alpha ak beta-2 budul tànnee la buy féexal sidit yu nooy yi ci bronche yi ci saasi ba noppi wàññi ëdem mucosal bi ci yooni respiraasioŋ yi.
• Sunu sukkandikoo ci tegtali resuscitation ak anaphylaxie, sudee malaad bi dafa am bronchospasm bu mëna gàllankoor dundam (mënul wax, cyanose, dënn bi noppi, wala daanu) te ** wala ** wane benn màndarga anaphylaxie systemique ** wala ** amul benn xëcc ci beta-2 0.3 mg ci mag ñi ak xale yu ëpp 30 kg; 0.15 mg ci xale yu am 15 ba 30 kg 33 ba 66 lb)** ci diggu pooj bi ci biti (vastus lateralis- saving) mën na nekk dundu gu jamp.
• Positionnement, noyyig bët bu dal, ak liñu wara def:
• BULEEN dugal malaad bi ci biir duusu vapër wala nga fexe ba mu noyyi vapër bu tàng: Su amee ndox mu bari ak vapër bu tàng, loolu mën na tax bronchoconstriction reflexe ci yooni respirasioŋ yu bari yi, ba noppi tax pollen bi di gëna xaajaloo.
• BULEEN may malaad bi mu noyyi ci sac këyit: Noyyiwaat ci sac këyit gëm-gëm bu yàgg la ci hyperventilation biy wàññi oxygen bi ñuy dugal ci saasi (\(FiO_2\)) te mën na ray malaad asthma hypoxic.
• Coach the patient to inhale slowly through their nose (which warms, humidifies, and filters any remaining indoor particles) and exhale slowly through pursed lips (like blowing gently on hot soup), which creates 5 to 10 centimeters of water of intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP) inside the airways to stent bronchiole yu ndaw yi ubbeeku suñuy génne ngelaw.

Faggu ñi am feebaru ñax ci jamonoy pringtemps ak ndoortelu ete¶

Soo amee tëf ci jamono, bët yuy xasan ndox, wala bakkan buy tëju ci jamonoy pollen ñax wala garab, kilifay pajum dañu la jàppee ni danga am risk bu rëy ngir am asthma buy jàpp taw ak ngalaw doonte say poumon dañu yàgg a wér:

1. Tàmbalil spray corticosteroid ci bakkan bi bis bu nekk ak inhalatër buy moytu ci jamonoy pollen:
2. Tambalil jëfandikoo bis bu nekk spray corticosteroid ci bakkan bi (fluticasone, mometasone, wala budesonide) 2 ba 4 ayu-bis balaa jamonoy pollen ñax mu bari, nga boole ci benn antihistamine bis bu nekk.
3. If you have ever experienced mild wheezing, nighttime coughing, or chest tightness during spring or exercise, obtain a daily inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) preventer (or budesonide/formoterol anti-inflammatory reliever). Ci mbas mi am ci Melbourne ci 2016, daanaka 90 pursaa ci malaad asthma yi ci ICU jëlu ñu woon benn garab buy tere ICS.
4. Bul musa dem ci pringtemps te doo yóbbaale inhalatër bu baxa buy féexal xol + Spacer:
5. Fexeel am salbutamol (albuterol) pMDI bu bees ak benn espaceur bu tollu ci poos ci sa sac ak sa kit de premier secours ci sa kër ci pringtemps bi ak ci ndoortelu été bi.
6. Xool pollen ofisel bi ak sistem yiy teela artu asthma ci taw ak ngalaw:
7. Ci bis yiñ jox Kawe wala Extreme ngir pollen ñax ak taw ak ngalaw lu metti, fomm tàggat yaram ci biti, daw, ak tukki ci biti ci palanteer convective ci boori tisbaar ak ci ngoon.
8. Sol respiratër N95 / P2 / FFP2 bu la jàpp bu baax sudee danga jàpp ci biti ci jamonoy kanam gust:
9. Sudee dañu la forse nga dox ci biti ci jamonoy ngelaw lu bari luy génn ci pollen, sol respiratër bu la jot bu baax NIOSH N95, Australian/NZ P2, wala European FFP2 (di segg 94 ba 95 pursaa ci particule yu ndaw yi) nga noyyi ci sa bakkan ba keroog.
10. Dekontaminaasioŋ ci biir kër ginaaw taw:
11. Soo xasee ba dugg ci biir, nga dindi yéere yi nga sol ci saasi, nga raxas sa kanam ak sa kawar, ba noppi nga sangu sa bakkan bu amul xorom.

Nimero paj mu jamp ak protokolu agence¶

Laaj yi ñuy faral di laaj¶

Lan moo waral waame asthma bi di am 20 simili balaa taw bi di tàmbali, te du ci jamonoy taw bu metti bi?¶

Konsantraasioŋ bi gëna mag ci pollen yu feculent yi ñu ngi jaar ci biir ngelaw lu sedd li ci taw bi (ci kanam gust bi), muy daw 10 ba 30 kilometre (6 ba 19 miles) ci kanamu taw bi. Ci biir niir yi, peppu pollen yi dañuy newwi ndax guus gi, daal di toj nekk ay piyeesu 0.5 ba 2.5 mikrometre, ñu daal di koy puus ci suuf ndax ngelaw lu sedd luy wàcci, daal di koy naaw ci biti ci suuf si balaa taw bi. Taw bu diis buy dal ci suuf ci ginnaaw loolu dafay raxas ak dindi pollen bi ci jawwu ji, moo tax palanteer bi gëna faat bakkan mooy ngelaw lu wow wala lu woyof balaa taw bi di agsi.

Ndax nit ku musul am asthma ci dundam mën na soxla ambulance wala mu dee ci jamonoy taw ak ngalaw?¶

Waaw: njàngum epidemiologik ginaaw musiba yu bawoo ci musiba Melbourne 2016 ak yeneen mbas yu mel noonu ci London, Naples, Wagga Wagga, ak Ahvaz dañu wane ni 40 ba 60 pursaa ci nit ñi ñuy ñëw ci departemaa yi paj mu jamp amul woon benn feebaru asthma, te ñu bari xamu ñu woon luy nuru reliever. Waaye, 95 ba 99 pursaa ci ñi ñu faat dañu amoon feebaru ñax mu sesoŋ (rhinite allergique) te dañu amoon sensitiwite ci wàllu immunologie (dañu yor ay anticorps IgE) ci ñaxu segale wala allergen champignon. Ndax pollen bu amul benn sikk du musa yegg ci poumon yi ci suuf ci bis yi normal, musu ñu natt seeni yooni respiraasioŋ yu gëna suufe ba keroog taw ak ngalaw li di tas pollen bi mu nekk ay particule yu am 2 micromètre yu mëna dugg fu xóot ci seeni bronchiole.

Suma tàmbalee sibbiru ci jamonoy taw, ndax loolu dina dakkal asthma bi?¶

Deet: sooy naan antihistamine budul sedatif balaa taw, dafay wàññi tëf ci yooni respiraasioŋ yu kawe yi ak siñaal histamine bu woyof, antihistamine yi ñuy jël ci gémmiñ dañuy jël 30 ba 60 simili ngir yegg ci nivo bi gëna kawe ci deret ji te mënu ñu delloosi leukolandilyinstein bu am sidit yu nooy yi ci bronche yi (liy tax D2, ak yooni kolinergik yu yokk ci histamine). Asthma bu metti dafay laaj bronchodilatateur inhalé (salbutamol/albuterol jaaraleko ci ab espaceur wala budesonide/formoterol) ngir féexal ci saasi sidit yiy gëna xëcc, boole ci corticosteroid ngir dakkal inflamasioŋ bi ci suufu yooni respiraasioŋ yi.

Ñaata puff inhalateur salbutamol (albuterol) bu baxa la ëpp sudee ambulance bi yeexna lu ëpp benn waxtu ci jamonoy jafe-jafe yu mag?¶

Ci asthma bu tar wala bu mëna gàllankoor dundu, fu reso ambulance yi fees, toxicologist yi ak tegtali respiratoire yi dañu fësal ni hypoxia ( ñàkkum oxygen ci yooni respiratoire yu tëju yi) mën na ray nit ci ay simili, waaye salbutamol / albuterol inhalé amna marge de sécurité bu yaatu. Topp protocole 4x4x4 (4 puffs jaaraleko ci spacer 4 simili yu nekk) wéy ba noyyig bi gëna baax wala fajkat yi ñëw, amul benn sikk te dina muccal dundu. Doonte ginaaw 20 ba 40 puff ci diiru benn waxtu, jafe-jafe yi ci njëkk mooy loxo yi di yëngu, seen xol di yëngu, xol bi di yëngu bu baax, te doktër yi mën nañu ko saafara sudee yooni féexal malaad yi ubbeeku nañu.

Lan moo tax jëfandikoo espaceur plastik lu am solo la ci jamonoy asthma bu metti, moo gën ñuy jëfandikoo inhalatër bi ci gémmiñ?¶

Su nit ki di noyyi ngelaw ci 30 ba 40 noyyig simili bu nekk ci jamonoy bronchospasm bu metti, mënul déggoo ngir tëye kanister inhalatër ak inhalation bu yeex bu 4 seconde, te mënul tëye seen noyyig 10 seconde. Dañuy jël inhalatër bu am pressure ci gémmiñ gi, 80 ba 90 pursaa ci peppu aerosol yi ci 100 km/h (62 mph) jub ci làmmiñ wi ak ci ginaaw boli bi, foofu lañu koy wann ci biir bi te dara dalu ko. Benn puff ci biir benn spacer bu am valve dafay suspendre microscopic drog mist ci biir néeg bi suko defee malaad bi mën noyyi ak genn 4 yoon ci seen vitees natureel, joxe 3 ba 4 yoon garab yu gëna bari ci biir poumon yu tëju yi.

Git bii dafay joxe leeral, te du wecci evaluation médical professionel wala tàggat yaram ci paj mu njëkk. Noo ngi lay digal nga jàng njàngum paj mu njëkk, paj asthma, ak CPR jaaraleko ci Federasioŋ internasional bu Kurwa Ruus ak Sosiete yu Rouge (IFRC), sa sosiete nasonaal bu Kurwa Ruus, St John Ambulance, wala sa fondasioŋ asthma nasonaal.

Gid yu jëm ci loolu¶

• Paj mu njëkk ak protocolu inhalatëru asthma
• Reaksioŋ allergik ak pajum anaphylaxie
• Kaaraange ci taw ak ngalaw ak bëréet
• Derecho, ngelaw lu jub, ak mucc ci mikroburst
• Nimero paj mu jamp ci réew mi

Boroom yi ak tegtali ofisel¶

• Konsilu Asthma bu Australie: Téere asthma bu Australie - Njàngale ci wàllu asthma ci mbas mi ak Protokolu paj mu njëkk 4x4x4.
• Departemaa bi yor wàllum paj ci Victoria ak Biro Meteorologie (Ostralie): Sistem biy wax luy waaja am ci asthma ak tegtali tontu ci wàllu wérgi-yaramu nit ñi (Xoolaat bu Melbourne ginaaw 2016).
• Jubluwaay àdduna bi ngir asthma (GINA): Pexem àdduna bi ngir jëflante ak fàggu asthma - Xeex asthma buy gëna tar ak exacerbations yu tar.
• Mbootaayu Wérgi-yaram ci Àdduna bi (OMS) ak Mbootaayu Allergie ci Àdduna bi (WAO): Coppite klimaa bi, Aerobiologie, Taxawaayu pollen Osmotik, ak Mbas yuy jàpp noyyig taw yu bawoo ci taw ak ngalaw.
• Société thoracique bu Grande Bretagne (BTS), NICE, ak Reseau Njàngalem Intercollegial bu Ecosse (SIGN): Njàngale bu Grande Bretagne ci wàllu paj Asthma.
• Centre yiy saytu feebar yi ak fàggu leen (CDC, Etats Unis) ak Akademi bu Amerique buy jàngale allergie, asthma ak immunologie (AAAAI): Mekanism yiy indi asthma ci taw ak ngalaw, bioaerosol yu am pollen, ak waajal bronchodilatateur ci jamonoy jafe-jafe.