Derechos, microburst, ak mucc ci taw ak ngelaw lu jub¶
Nimero urgence yi wuute nañu ci réew mu nekk. Xët wii dafay jëfandikoo 911, di nimero Etats Unis ak Canada. Yeneen réew yu bari dañuy jëfandikoo 112, 999, wala beneen nimero. Wut nimero sa réew.
Bi tornado yi di xëcc xel nit ñi ndax seeni entonnoir yuy wëréelu, ay taw ngelaw yu jub yu tar (espesialeman derechos yu tasaaroo ak microbursts yu am convection) dañuy am njeexital ci emprent geographique yu gëna yaatu ba noppi indil uragaan bi loraange yu tollu ci kilometre yu bari. Benn bow-echo derecho bu màgget dafay awaase ci kaw suuf si ci gaawaay bu tollu ci 80 ba 115 kilometre ci waxtu (50 ba 70 mile ci waxtu), di defar miir buy wéy di 120 ba 210 km/h (75 ba 130 mile ci waxtu) ak ngelaw luy yegg ba 650 kilometre ci simili bi. bët ci digg bi.
Dëkk kat yu bari duñu bàyyi xel ci Àrtu ci Taw bu metti ndax dañu jàpp ni fileek joxeegu ñu Àrtu ci Tornado, dëkk ci néeg bu kawe, toog ci biir oto bu gaare ci suufu garabi lëndëm, wala des ci tente àll bi amul benn sikk. Ci dëgg, done yu meteorologik yu juge ci sarwiisu meteo bu Amerik ak base de done yu waame yu metti yu Orop wonenañu ni daanu garabi pin ak garabi pin yuy dagg kaw etaas yi, oto yu gaare, ak ay kàmpiŋ ñooy gëna faat bakkan ci jamonoy derechos ak microbursts. Su amee Situasioŋ bu am loraange bu gëna tar (PDS) Àrtu ci taw ak ngalaw lu metti wala Àrtu ci ngelaw lu metti ci sa telefon, danga ko wara jëfandikoo ci anam wu melni tornado.
Defal lii leegi¶
- Fàtteel "Yaxx" wala "PDS" Àrtu Taw ak Taw ak Àrtu Tornado: Sudee Serwiisu Jaawu bu Réew mi wala sa agence meteorologique nasonaal génne Àrtu Taw ak Taw bu metti buñu bind Yakk (ngelaw yu 130 km/h / 80 mph wala gëna kawe), dafay génne E telefon yi; toxu ci saasi ci biir néeg bi gëna suufe wala ci etaas bi gëna suufe.
- Génn ci néeg yi gëna kawe ci suufu garab yu rëy yi ci saasi: Lu tollu ci ñaar ci ñetti paccu derecho yiy ñàkk ci dëkkuwaay yi dañuy am su garabi oak, erable wala pin yu 30 meetar (100 pied) dagg ci suuf su bari ba noppi daanu ci kaw ñaareelu etaas yi ak néeg yi ci kaw; wàcci ci etaas bi ci suuf wala ci suufu kër gi balaa niir biy yegsi.
- Bàyyileen tente yi, RV yi, remorku camper yi, ak oto yiñ gaare ci suufu garab yi leegi: Oto yi, oto yi ñuy bégal xol, ak kër yiy dem dañu am doole buy xeex garab yuy daanu, te dañuy xalangu ci 140 km/h (87 mph) ngelaw luy jàll; daw dugg ci tabax bu ñu defaree beton wala tabax, néegu sangu, wala barab bu nekk ci suufu suuf balaa ngelaw li di dal.
- Dellu fu sori ci palanteer yi ak kaw yi yaatu: Ngelaw li jub dafay soppi fotëy patio yi, kaw gravel yi, ak trampoline yi ñu nekk projectile yu gaaw yuy yàq palanteer yu am ñaari vitre, ci noonu la gymnase yi, bitigu jaaykaayu detaay yu mag yi, ak kaw depot yi mën nañu daanu wala ñu xolliku.
- Suñu la jàppee ngay dawal ci otoroute bu ubbeeku, nga génne ko ci garab yi, poto yi, ak pavé yi: Gaare ci mbagg bu ubbeeku wala ci barab bu woyof bu sori ci garabi wetu tali ak semi-camion yu mag, nga xaw bakkanu sa oto ci ngelaw li su ko mënee, nga tëye frein bi, nga tëye sa frein. niveau de dashboard de pare-brise.
- Ganaaw bi ngelaw li taxawee, jàpp ni bépp cable bu wàcci ak ñag weñ dafay am doole ci 7,200+ volt: Derechos dafay dagg ay junni poto dénk ci benn yoon, di laxas ligne distribution bu njëkk ci ñag yu am chaine, car garab yu tooy, ak gutter yu mbënd; bul musa dugg ci ndox mu taxaw ci wetu fiil bu wacc wala nga jéema dindi car taw yiy laal liiñ yi.
Lan moo waral toog ci biir oto bu gaare ngir génn ci derecho luy faral di ray nit
Ci jamonoy derechos ak microbursts yu gaaw ci ete bi, ñiy yéeg tundu, golfeur yi, ñiy ñëw ci park yi, ak ñiy dem tukki dañuy faral di daw dem ci seen oto yuñ gaare ngir am fuñu mëna dëkk su asamaan bi ñuul. Ndax gaaraas yi, yooni dëkkuwaay yi, ak yooni park yi dañu fees dell ak garabi lëndëm yu mag, oto yi gaare dañuy nekk fiir dee su 150 km / h (93 mph) downdrafts snapped tronk garab ci kaw cabine. Benn kofre chaine bu am diametre 60 santimet (24 puus) mingi diis 5,000 ba 10,000 kilogram (11,000 ba 22,000 livre) ba noppi di dagg kaw oto bi daal di daanu ci njegenaay yi ci saasi. Deel dëkk ci biir tabax buñ defaree asiye, beton wala brik ci etaas bi gëna suufe, bul musa nekk ci biir oto bu gaare ci wetu garab.
Meteoroloji ak physique: Derechos ak.¶
Xam naka la sistemu ngelaw yu jub yi di doxee dafay leeral lu tax seeni motif yàqu-yàqu wuute ak tornaado ak lu tax ñuy dóor ci lu tuuti ci àrtu.
| Fenomen ngelaw | Mekanism meteo | emprent tànk & gaawaay ci kanam | Gaawaayu ngelaw li & Siñaale yàqu-yàqu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Derecho (Taw ngelaw luy tasaaroo / Eko bu arc) | Lignéer bu yagg, buy dundal boppam, ay taw ak ngalaw yu metti (Quasi-Linear Convective System) fu ay jet yu sedd yuy duggu ci ginaaw di fééy ci kaw suuf si ci ginnàaw benn echo bow bu xawa sëgg, di puus benn miiru ngelaw lu rëy ci kanam. | Lu mu neew 100 km (60 miles) ci yaatuwaay ak 650 km (400 miles) ci guddaay; daw ci kanam ci 80 ba 120 km/h (50 ba 75 mph). | Ay ngelaw yu am doole 93 ba 225 km/h (58 ba 140 mph) yuy yàgg 15 ba 45 simili; dafay naaw garabi àll yépp ak reso kuuraŋ ci benn yoon bu jëm kanam (di faral di dugal ay tornado QLCS yu gàtt ci catu kanam gi). |
| Microburst bu tooy wala bu waw ("downburst" konvektiif bu am barab) | Ap kolon bu dajaloo bu taw bi seddal, ngelaw lu fees dell ak glaas mungi daanu ci biir taw ak ngalaw lu mel ni ndox mu juge ci benn seau buñu wëlbatiku, di dal ci suuf si di jameet ci bitti ci bërëb bu nekk. | Zone grève bu dajaloo **1 ba 4 km (0.6 ba 2.5 miles) ci **; forme ak daanu ci suuf ci diir bu néew 5 ba 10 simili. | Ngelaw yiy dem ba 240 km/h (150 mph) (muy méngoo ak tornaado EF-3); dafay bàyyi starburst / motif yàqu-yàqu buy wuute di radiate jubal ci biti joge ci diggu suuf si. |
| Tornado (Supersel buy wëréelu wala vortex liiñ buy wëréelu) | Kolonu ngelaw luy wëréelu bu baax, daal di tàmbalee ci niir cumulonimbus ba ci suuf, te ngelaw lu am mesocyclone lu am doole la, ak vorticité baroclinique. | Piste bu sew 50 meetar ba 2.5 km (160 pied ba 1.5 miles) yaatuwaay; gaawaay ci kanam 30 ba 95 km/h (20 ba 60 mph). | Ngelaw yu tàmbalee ci 105 ba 480+ km/h (65 ba 300+ mph); defar **motif debris cyclonic buy boole, xawa laxasu, fu garab yi ak miir yi di sànni ci yoon yuy jàkkarloo. |
| Haboob / Taw ak pënd buy génn (Taw ak ngalaw luy wàcci) | Ay waame yu wacc deñoo dal ci deseer bu wow bi mbaa suuf mbay mi, di yékkati ap miiru 1500 meetar (5000 yaar) bu am silt ak suuf suy lëndëm ci kanamu ngelaw li. | Kanam 15 ba 150 km (10 ba 95 mile) yaatuwaay; dafay wàññi gis-gis bi ci 16 km wàcci ba zero meetar ci diir bu néew 30 seconde. | Ay ngelaw yu am doole 80 ba 130 km/h (50 ba 80 mph) boole ci ay oto yu bari yuy dajaloo ci otoroute te kenn duko gis ci saasi. |
Màndarga yiy àrtu ci asamaan: Xamme Niiru Etaser¶
Ndax derecho dafay daw ci kaw suuf si ak gaawaay bu 100 kilometre ci waxtu (62 miles ci waxtu), di ñaari yoon gaawaay taw ak ngalaw luy am ci ete bi, dafay faral di agsi ci barab bi jant bi di leer ba leegi, balaa benn tiflitu taw di wàcci.
- Niiru Cune/Etagère bu bonn bi (Niiru Arcus): Xoolal sowwu jàng wala horizon biy jegesi. Derecho wala ligne squall bu metti ñu ngi ko jiitu ci benn niir bu rëy, bu wàcci, bu tëdd, bu am niir bu baxa bu ñuul wala bu ñuul bu wert bu niru ak prow bu gaal gu mag wala vague buy rombu ci kaw garab yi.
- Turbulence bu gémmiñu baleine: Ci suufu bët bi jiitu ci niir yi, niir yi dañuy nuru lu xotteeku, di seey, di sàqami (ñu xamee ko ci meteorologie ni "gémmiñu baleine").
- Regle bu 2 simili yi: Saa bi catu kanam bu niir bu woyof bi rombee ci kaw, kanam bu am doole bi dafay daanu ci suuf ci diir bu weesuwul 60 ba 120 seconde. Ngelaw yi mënnañu tëb joge ci 0 km/h ba 140 km/h (87 mph) ci diir bu néew 15 seconde, mu ànd ak 10 ba 15 degre Celsius (18 ba 27 degre Fahrenheit) di daanu ci jawwu ji ak luy lëndëm. Soo gisee niir buy jegesi ci lak bi, terrain golf bi, wala otoroute bi, amul 3 wala 5 simili ngir yegg ci barab bu am doole ci biir kër gi.
flowchart TD
Alert["Àrtu ci taw ak ngalaw lu metti (130+ km/h / 80+ mph) WALA Niir yu woyof yuy jegesi"] --> Where{"Fan nga nekk leegi?"}
Where -->|"Ci biir kër wala apartmaa"| TreeCheck["1. Rawal ci saasi néeg yi ci kaw etaas yi ak néeg yi ci suufu garab yu mag yi"]
TreeCheck --> SafeRoom["2. Demal ci etaas bi gëna suufe wala etaas bi gëna suufe, duus, wala armoire fu sori ci palanteer yi"]
SafeRoom --> Protect["3. Solal dàll yu dëgër, nga denc torsh + telefon bi sarse, nga muur sa bopp ak njegenaay/cask sudee kaw gi dafay yuuxu"]
Where -->|"Camping, yéeg tundu, wala ci biir RV/Kër guy dem"| Abandon["1. Rayleel tente, Camper, wala kër mobile ci saasi balaa Gust Front di yegsi"]
Abandon --> HardBldg{"Ndax tabax beton/brik (toilet/butig) mën nañu ko yegg?"}
HardBldg -->|"Waaw"| GoBldg["Sprint ci biir néeg bi gëna suufe ci tabax Masonry"]
HardBldg -->|"Deet (Backcountry bu xóot)"| OpenLow["Demal ci garabi àll yu njool yi nga dem ci barab bu woyof, àll bu xóotul, wala fosoŋ bu xóotul; sëggal ci kaw pad isolant"]
Where -->|"Ci kaw ndox mi (Bato, Kayak, Marina)"| BeachBoat["1. Solal vest de sauvetage (PFD) bu baax ci saasi"]
BeachBoat --> HeadShore["2. Motër/Paddle ci gaawaay gu mat sëkk ngir dem ci tefesu Leeward bi gëna jege te bàyyi gaal gi ngir am barab bu dëgër"]
Scenario 1: Nga nekk ci biir kër, apartmaa wala barabu liggéey¶
Su amee Àrtu ci Taw ak Taw bu metti bu ànd ak etiketu loraange YÀQ (dafay tàmbali ci Etats Unis su radar yi wala spotter yi gisee ngelaw lu mu neew 130 km/h / 80 mph wala glaas bu 7 santimet / 2.75 pouce) wala su amee **Àrtu bu metti 115+ mph) génne:
1. Jëfandikool sàrtu rawale bu taxaw bu "Anti-Garab-Daanu"¶
Su amee tornado, li gëna mëna gàllankoor kër gi mooy vortex yuy suy dañuy bale kër gi yépp ci fondaasioŋ bi. Ci derecho wala microburst, kër yu bari yuñ defaree bant ak brik dañuy des ci seen fondaasioŋ, waaye garab yu mag yiy daanu ci kaw kër yi dañuy gëna jëm kaw etaas yi wàcci ci plafond bu ñaareelu etaas bi.
- Bàyyi ci kaw etaas bi ci saasi: Doonte danga dëkk ci kër bu am ñaari etaas, bàyyi bépp lal bu nekk ci ñaareelu etaas bi ak ci ñatteelu etaas bi saa yu Àrtu ci Taw bu metti buy Yaxx.
- Xool ci biti nga xam ban wet la kër gi jàkkarloo ak garab yu rëy yi: Sudee garabu chaine bu 25 meetar (80 pied) taxaw ci wetu sowwu sa kër te derecho mingi jegesi ci sowwu, toxu ci suufu kër gi wala ci néeg bi ci suuf ci biir kër gi ci wetu sowwu (penku) ak ñaari etaas yu am kaadar yu toog ci sa diggante ak bagaas biy daanu.
- Soo dëkkee ci immeuble: Demal ci néeg yi am balkon yu yaatu yu am weer, nga dem ci hall bi ci biir, ci biir duus yi, wala ci eskalier bu am beton ci etaas bi gëna suufe.
2. Lu tax doo musa xar palanteer yi "ngir yamale pression bi"¶
Benn gëm-gëm bu yàgg bu amoon ci ati 1950 dafa wax ni ubbi palanteer yi ci wetu ngelaw li dafay tere kaw gi naaw su amee ngelaw lu metti. Ingénieur yi defar ay tunnel ngelaw dañuy firndeel leneen li:
- Soo ubbee benn palanteer (wala sudee mbalit miy naaw dafa yàq palanteer bi jàkkarloo ak ngelaw li wala mu waral buntu garage bu néew doole bi tëju ci biir), ngelaw li 150 km/h (93 mph) dafay dugg ci kër gi pressure néeg yi ci biir ni ballon buy gonf.
- Pression bi ci biir dafay yéeg ci suufu plafond bi, ngelaw li di daw ci biti kaw gi dafay defar lift aerodynamique (Bernoulli suction), di yokk ñaari yoon dooley yéeg ci kaw trusses yi ak xotti kaw gi ci miir yi.
- Jëf: Fexeel tëj bépp palanteer, buntu biti, ak espesialeman sa buntu garage bu mag balaa taw bi di ñëw.
Scenario 2: Dañu la jàpp ci biti ci camping, àll wala park¶
Derechos ak microbursts dañuy ray bu baax camper yi, festiwaalu misik yi, ak ñiy yéeg tundu ndax camping yi ak yoon yi dañuy nekk ci suufu àll bu mag. Ci 140 km/h (87 mph) ngelaw lu jub, téemeeri conifers yu am reen yu xóotul ak bois yu dëgër yu am reeni kaw dañuy jëm ca kaw benn yoon (muy lu ingénieur yi ci wàllu àll di woowe ** sànni ngelaw ** wala ** gaawaay ), ci noonu la tànk yu kawe yi dee ( ra widowmakers ci ** terminal)
- Bu leen musa dëkk ci biir tente nylon, camper pop-up, wala remorku tukki ci suufu garab: Tente du am benn kaaraange ci garab gu 2,000 kilogram buy daanu, te remorku tukki yi dañuy xalangu ci seen wet su ngelaw li weesee 100 ba 115 km/h (6).
- Xam barabu sangu bi laataa lëndëm: Saa yoo defaree sangu ci park etaa bi wala national, xoolal barabu sangu bi am bloku beton buñ dëgëral/batimaa douche bi wala santu gan yi. Soo amee sa radio meteo wala sa telefon bu xarañ buy yëgle ni ngelaw lu am doole la, yeewu ñépp, sol dàll ak làmp, nga dox dem ci néegu sangu bu beton bi balaa ngelaw li ak bëréet yi di tàmbali.
- Li nga wara def sudee danga tëju ci àll bu xóot, kilometre yu bari ci bépp tabax: Sudee microburst wala backcountry derecho daal di dal ci saasi fekk nga nekk ci backpacking fu sori ci tabax yi wala yoon yi:
- Génn ci bois bu njool bi ci saasi: Daw génn ci garabi garab yu njool yu dëgër yi, dem ci àll bi gëna mag bi am.
- Moytul garab yu wéet ak ridgelines yu kawe: Ndax ligne squall yu metti yi defar niir-to-suuf bëréet ak ngelaw luy yàq, bul musa taxaw ci wetu benn garab bu wéet ci clearing.
- ** Jëfandikool bëréet bu woyof / ngelaw crouch **: Drop sa sac à dos (def benn pad nelaw mousse ci suufu say tànk sudee am nga benn), crouch ci suufu depression wala fosse (ginnàaw boo xoolee ni du canal de stream flash-flood) suko defee car yiy naaw romb sa ginaaw, ak muur trekl pack coquillage dur.
Scenario 3: ñu jàpp la ngay dawal ci otoroute wala ñu jàpp la ci gaal¶
Mucc ci tali ci jamonoy 150 km/h ci kanam wala microburst¶
- ** Bul taxaw ci suufu otoroute bu jaar ci wetu embankments yu kawe yi **: Yéeg ci kaw pond bu tilim bi ci suufu pond bu otoroute bi dafay wane sa yaram ci effet Venturi-tunnel ngelaw biy gaawal gaawaayu ngelaw li ak entonnoir yuy lëndëm tóol, weer, ak gravelly ci suufu carlot bi direct yoon wi ci otoroad yi ngir oto yu jamp yi ak waral mbëkkante yu bonn yi ci ginaaw ci taw bu amul benn gis-gis.
- Dellu ci yoon wi jëm ci barab bu amul garab: Gal ci otoroute bi nga dem ci tabax komersiyaal bu dëgër (gaaraasu essence, tabax buñ defaree noppalukaay) sudee jot. Sudee kanam gust bi dafa dal balaa ngay génn, dindi ko fu sori ci trotoire bi nga mëna dem ci mbagg bu dalal wala barab bu ubbeeku fu amul garabi wetu tali, poto kuuraŋ yuñ defaree bant, portil yu am siñaal ci kaw tali bi, ak remorku semi-traktër (16-metre / 53-foot box remork yu amul dara ci kaw +100 km/h / 68+ mph ngelaw luy jàkkarloo).
- Deel sa sentiir buckled te duck ci suufu ligne de verre: Bàyyil sa flashers hazard taal, nga jël frein de garage, denc sa sentiir de sécurité (su amee ngelaw lu bonn luy rul oto bi), nga jéng ci suufu niveau palanteer yi suko defee verre de sécurité buy yàqu baña dóor sa kanam.
Nafar gaal ak mucc ci ndox mu ubbeeku su niir bu feeñ¶
Bato yu ndaw yi, pontoon yi, bato voile yi, kayak yi, ak paddleboard yi ci kaw lak yu mag yi, reservoir yi, wala bay yi ci tefes gi dañuy jànkoonte ak capsiding bu gaaw su ligne squall bi dalee ndax gaawaayu ngelaw li ci kaw ndox mu ubbeeku te amul friction moo gëna kawe 20 ba 30 pursaa ci kaw suuf si. (6.5-pied) di dog vague yi ci diir bu néew 3 simili.
- Bul musa jéema "napp" niir buy jegesi: Soo gisee niir bu ñuul ci horizon sowwu jàng wala nga dégg dënn, nga jël ligne yi ci saasi nga jubal ci dock bi gëna jege, rampu gaal, wala leeward shoreline ci gaawaay bu mat sëkk.
- Solal te nga takk bépp gilet de sauvetage (PFD) balaa ngelaw li di dugg: Benn yoon ngelaw lu am doole 120 km/h (75 mph) ak spray horizontal buy lëndëm dal ci gaal giy pitch, sol gilet de sauvetage ci ndox mi daanaka mënu ñu ko def. Bépp mag wala xale dañu wara sol vest de sauvetage bu USCG/ISO nangu, fekk ñu nekk ci ndox mu tekkaaral.
- Beach gaal gi sudee mënoo yegg ci marina bi: Bul risk sa dundu ngir jéema jéggal 5 kilometre lak bu ubbeeku ngir dellu ci sa remorku gaal gi sudee 2 simili ci kanam gust bi. Dawal gaal gi ci tefes gi gëna jege, nga takk liiñ bi ci reen bu woyof, nga bàyyi gaal gi, nga dem fu sori ci garab yu njool yi ci tefes gi.
- Sudee danga jàpp ci ndox mu ubbeeku te mënu yegg ci tefes gi: Dakkal gaal gi ci saasi; denc jumtukaay yu yomb yi ci biir bilge bi; Dakkal ancre ci ** bow ** (musul nekk ci ginaaw) ak scope bu gudd 7: 1 ba 10: 1 line, wala nga tëye motër bi di dox bu baax ba mëna tëye bow bi ci ** 45-degree angle ci vague yiy ñëw ** fekk ñépp toog ci dër bi ci diggu coque bi. Xoolal sunu tegtal ci musiba ci gaal ngir mucc ci capside.
Mucc ginaaw taw ak ngalaw: ñatti jafe-jafe yiy ray nit ginaaw bi derecho weesee¶
Ci taarix, pursaa yu bari ci gaañ-gaañu yu metti ak dee yu bawoo ci derecho yu mag (lu melni Derecho bu Amerique du Nord ci weeru suwe 2012, Derecho bu Midwest bu ut 2020, ak Derecho bu Ontario-Quebec bu Canada ci weeru mee 2022) ñu ngi am **ci 72 waxtu yu leer, ñetti taw ak asamaan
flowchart TD
Aftermath["Derecho wala ngelaw yu ndaw"] --> WireCheck["1. LOOT CI KUUR: Defal bépp fiil bu daanu, fiil buy weer, ak ñag weñ ni ñuy dundu (7,200+ Volts)"]
WireCheck --> TreeDamage{"Ndax garab daanu ci sa kër wala sa oto?"}
TreeDamage -->|"Garab ci kaw kër"| HouseEvac["Rawale ci suufu Zone Impact; Saytu ndax amna xetu gaz buy siif; xoolal garab ci protokolu kër gi"]
TreeDamage -->|"Liiñ kuuraŋ bu daanu ci kaw oto"| StayInCar["Demal ci biir oto bi; Woowal 911/112/999; Sudee oto bi dafa tàkk, dangay tëb ak say tànk"]
TreeDamage -->|"Dakkal kuuraŋ ci gox bi yépp"| GenSafety["2. MONOXIDE DE CARBON: Doxal Generatër yu Portable 6+ Meet (20+ Pied) ci biti, sori ci palanteer yi"]
GenSafety --> Chainsaw["3. POSTE-POLE HAZAR: Bul musa dagg 'Spring-Pole' garab yu xawa laxasu te doo tàggat sa bopp"]
1. Fiil yu wacc yu am doole yuñ nëbb ci ay car yu jaxasoo ak ay ñag¶
Ndax derecho dafay jël ay junni poto utilite ci dëkk yu bari benn yoon, reclosers circuit substation otomatik yi dañuy faral di ñàkka trip (wala ñuy jéema delloosi liiñ bi) su fiil bu am voltage bu yéeg daanu ci trotoire bu wow, car garabi dénk, wala resi.
- Fil biy dundu warul am leer wala hum: Ligné distribution primaire yu am voltage bu kawe (4,160 ba 34,500 volt) mën nañu tëdd bu baax ba noppi du yëngu ci ñax mu tooy wala ñu laxasu ci kaw benn garab, di yóbbaale courant buy ray nit ci saasi.
- Moytul ñag yu am chaîne ak balustrade yu am energie: Fiil bu wàcci bu laal ñag wala balustrade bu am ñatti blok ci suufu mbedd mi dafay jox kuuraŋ guddaayi ñag bi yépp. Bul musa laal ñag weñ, siding aluminium, wala car garab gu tooy gu laal fiil yi ginaaw ngelaw lu metti.
- Sudee liiñ kuuraŋ daanu ci sa oto: Demal ci biir oto bi nga xaar liiñkat yi dindi kuuraŋ ba noppi ground liiñ bi. Sudee oto bi dafa tàkk, dangay tëb bu baax nga boole sa ñaari tànk, suko defee nga moytu laal oto bi ak suuf si benn yoon, ba noppi nga yëngal wala nga tëb ak sa ñaari tànk boole ci 15 meetar (50 pied) ci diggante bi. Lis sunu guide bi yépp ci liiñ kuuraŋ bu daanu ci oto bi.
2. Dangar monoxyde de carbon bu bawoo ci generatër portatif yi ci diiru ay fan yu bari¶
Ndax derechos yi dañuy yàq tour transmission yu am voltage bu kawe ak poto distribution yi ci dëkkandoo yi, dakkal kuuraŋ dafay yàgg 3 ba 10 fan ci jamonoy tàngoor wu metti wi ci ete bi.
- Bu leen musa dugal generatëru essence wala propane ci biir garage, ci suufu kër, ci porche, ci wetu ngelaw, wala ci wetu palanteer bu ubbeeku: Ubbi buntu garage bi du tere monoxyde de carbone buy ray nit (
CO) tabax. Tegal generatër portatif yi ci biti, fu soriwul noonu 6 meetar (20 pied) ci buntu yi, palanteer yi ak ventilatër yi, nga bàyyi tuyo exhaust bi fu sori ci kër gi ak ci kër yi ci wetam.
3. "Pole-ressort" ak fiir-coffre buy yëngu ci jamonoy setal scie à chaîne¶
Ginaaw derecho, boroom kër yiy daw dugg ci ëtt bi ak chainsaws ñu ngi am gaañ-gaañu yu metti ci kanam, dënn, ak tànk ndax pole-ressort yu sarse ak root-ball snapback:
- Loaded Spring-Poles: Su garab gu diis daanoo ci kaw garab gu ndaw wala car, mu sëggal ko ni arc bu rëy, tànk boobu sëggal dafay denc ay junni Newton ci energie potentiel mekanik. Ci saasi lam chainsaw bi dagg genn-wàll ci bois tension bi ci courbe bi ci kaw car bi, fibre bois yi dañuy jameet bu baax ci kaw ci lu ëpp 80 km/h (50 mph), dawal car bi wala bar chainsaw bi jubal ci kanamu operatër bi ak dënn bi.
- Uprooted Root-Ball Snapback: Su garab gu rëy di dagg, miiraam bu taxaw bu am 3 meetar ci kawewaay, tilim ak reenam yi dañu bëgga wàcciwaat ci pax mi, saa yu nga gisee garab gu diis gi génn ci moignon bi. Bul musa bàyyi xale yi di fo ci biir wala ci wetu xar-kanamu tilim bi ci ginaaw boule reen garab buñ dagg, te bul musa taxaw ci ginaaw wala ci suufu boule reen bi ngay dagg bakkan bu mag bi. Xoolal sunu tegtal ci garab ci kaw kër gi ngir jéegoy dakkal structure.
Limu waajal derecho balaa taw ak microburst¶
Waajal sa kër ak sa waa kër balaa jamonoy taw bu metti bi:
- Taxawal Àrtu Jafe-jafe yi amul kable (WEA) ci bépp telefon bu xarañ bu famiy bi, ba noppi def benn Radio Meteo NOAA (ak kodu àrtu bu dëkk bi) bu ànd ak batëri ci sa taabal suko defee guddi derechos yee la ci saasi.
- Xaarandil sa kër ** néeg bi gëna suufe ci etaas bi** bu nekk ci wetu kër gi, nga nekk ci ëtt bu kawe bi wala garabi mbedd mi.
- Am nga Arborist bu am sertifikaa ISA ngir saytu garab yu yaatu yi soriwul noonu ci sa néeg ngir gis ndax amna ñu ay lëmu rot, ay xaajaloo yu am V-crotch, wala ay reen yuy gëna yokk.
- Defaral sa buntu garage bu yaatu wala nga denc oto yi ci biir ngir ngelaw li du mëna naaw buntu garage bi ci biir ngir yéegal kaw kër gi.
- Dangay denc ay dàll yu am cat yu tëju, mbaxna bu dëgër wala kasku velo, làmp liggéey, ak bànku kuuraŋ buñ mëna yóbbu ci biir sa armuwar bi ci suuf.
- Alarm monoxyde de carbone (CO) yuñ natt ci batëri ci bépp niveau ci sa kër balaa ngay tàmbali benn generatëru backup ginaaw taw bu metti.
Laaj yi ñuy faral di laaj¶
What is the difference between a derecho and a regular severe thunderstorm?
While an ordinary severe thunderstorm typically lasts 20 to 30 minutes and causes scattered wind gusts of 93 km/h (58 mph) across a single town, a derecho is a massive, fast-moving, self-sustaining complex of storms (often shaped like an archer's bow on radar) that cuts a continuous damage swath at least 100 kilometers (60 miles) wide and 650 kilometers (400 miles) long. Derechos race forward at 80 to 120 km/h (50 to 75 mph) and pack sustained hurricane-force straight-line winds of 120 to 210+ km/h (75 to 130+ mph) that can topple millions of trees and knock out regional power grids across multiple states or provinces in a single day.
Why did my phone just buzz like an AMBER Alert or Tornado Warning for a Severe Thunderstorm Warning?
In the United States and participating alert systems internationally, the National Weather Service uses a three-tier impact threat system for Severe Thunderstorm Warnings. While standard warnings do not trigger emergency cell broadcasts, when radar or storm spotters detect imminent life-threatening straight-line winds of at least 130 km/h (80 mph), equivalent to a Category 1 hurricane or EF-1 tornado, or baseball-sized hail (7 cm / 2.75 inches), forecasters add a "DESTRUCTIVE" damage tag that automatically fires a Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) siren on every smartphone in the polygon. Treat a Destructive Severe Thunderstorm Warning with the exact same basement/interior-room sheltering action as a Tornado Warning.
How can I tell from the damage after a storm whether we were hit by a tornado or a microburst/derecho?
Look at the directional pattern of fallen trees, flattened crops, and structural debris. Because a tornado is a tightly rotating vortex of rising air, its winds pull trees and building materials inward and twist them in converging, criss-crossing circular directions, often leaving houses one street over completely untouched. In contrast, a derecho or microburst produces powerful straight-line outflow winds that blow trees and debris down in one uniform forward direction or in a starburst fan pattern radiating straight outward from a central downdraft strike point across a wide area.
Why is my upstairs bedroom dangerous during a derecho if my house is built out of solid brick?
Even in a well-built brick or masonry house that easily withstands 150 km/h wind pressure on its walls, the roof framing and rafters cannot stop the kinetic energy of a falling 30-meter (100-foot) hardwood tree weighing 10 tons. Statistics show that most fatalities inside homes during derechos occur when saturated soil gives way and massive yard or street trees crash directly through the roof into second-story bedrooms. Always come downstairs to the basement or a ground-floor interior hallway before a severe squall line hits.
If I am camping in a tent or RV when a derecho hits, is it safer to get into my car?
Only if you can drive or park that car in a completely open clearing far away from all trees and utility poles. In forested state and national park campgrounds, moving from a tent into a car parked underneath tall pine or oak trees is extremely dangerous because falling tree trunks crush vehicle roofs flat and trap occupants inside. Your safest move in a campground is to walk early to the reinforced concrete-block restroom/shower building; if no masonry building exists, move to an open meadow or clearing well beyond the height of the surrounding trees.
Why is cutting up fallen trees with a chainsaw after a derecho so much more dangerous than normal firewood cutting?
Wind-toppled trees create two hidden mechanical traps that rarely exist when cutting normal flat logs on the ground: "spring-poles" (smaller trees or thick limbs bent tightly under the weight of a larger fallen trunk like a cocked mousetrap) and unstable "root balls" on uprooted trees. When an untrained homeowner cuts into a bent spring-pole limb, the wood snaps upward with explosive force that can break the operator's jaw or throw the running chainsaw back into their neck, while cutting a trunk free from an uprooted stump can allow the multi-ton dirt root ball to slam back into its crater hole onto anyone standing nearby.
Saytu nañu ay balluwaay¶
- Serwiisu Jaawu bu Réew mi / Centre biy wax luy waaja am ci taw (NWS / SPC, Etats Unis): Lu jëm ci Derechos: Mandargay meteoroloji, Mekanik Echo bu Arc, sàrti kaaraange ngelaw lu metti, ak Àrtu bu sukkandiko ci njeexte ("Yaxx" 80+ mph WEA) Criteria.
- Environmaa bi ak Coppite Klimaa bi Canada (ECCC, Canada): Waajal Taw bu metti, Derecho, ak Waajal ak Njàngalem Kaaraange Ginaaw Taw.
- Agence fédérale de gestion d'urgence (FEMA, Etats Unis): Njëfandikoo ci taw bu metti: Tabax wala ràññee néeg bu wóor ngir Tornado ak Ngelaw yu Jub yu metti (FEMA P-320 / P-361).
- Kaaraange ak Wérgi-yaram ci Liggéey (OSHA, Etats Unis): Fiche de récupération ci tempête: Kaaraange chainsaw, poto à ressort yu sarge, loraange yu bawoo ci reen ak ligne électrique yu wàcci.
- Ashley, W. S., & Mote, T. L. (Daara bu kawe bu nord Illinois / Daara bu kawe bu Georgia, Bulletin bu Askanu Meteoroloji bu Amerique, Etats Unis): Derecho Hazards ci Etats Unis: Klimatoloji, Mbir yi ciy ñàkk (Dawal, Bato, Camping, ak Xeex yu bari yuy daanu ci Garab.