Automatic Gate, Industrial Roller Door, and Revolving Door Crush Entrapment¶
Mituya ya mbalakaka ekeseni na mikili. Lokasa oyo esaleli 911, nimero ya États-Unis mpe Canada. Bikólo mosusu mingi esalelaka 112, 999, to motángo mosusu. Luka nimero ya mboka na yo.
Ba portes architecturales motorisées na ba portes périmètres ezo déplacer ba barrières structurelles ya kilo Oyo ezali na kilo entre 150 na 2.500 kilos (330 na 5.500 livres) en utilisant ba moteurs de vitesses électriques ya couple makasi to ba rams hydrauliques. Na kati ya ba domaines résidentiels, ba garages ya parking ya ba appartements, ba entrepôts commerciales, mpe ba lobbyes ya bureaux oyo ezali na trafic mingi, ba systèmes misato ya ba portes mécanisées ekeseni esalaka ba entrapments ya crush oyo ezali na likama ya bomoi mpe asphyxiation traumatique mbula na mbula: ba portes automatiques ya voie d’entrée glissantes horizontales et balancées, portes industrielles verticales roulantes en acier obturateur, mpe portes tourbillons commerciales à ailes multiples.
Engebene Commission ya sécurité ya produits consommateurs ya Etats-Unis (CPSC) mpe Exécutif ya Santé mpe Sécurité ya Royaume-Uni (HSE), ebele ya bana, bato oyo batambolaka na makolo mpe basali ya misala ya kobongisa biloko banyatami tii bakufaki ntango bakɔtaki na bapikɛti ya ebende ya porte ya nzela ya kokɔta na ndako oyo ezali kotambola mpo na kofina bouton ya efelo ya kati, bamekaki kokita na esika oyo ezalaki kokita kati na porte ya cantilever oyo ezali kogumbama mpe likonzí ya brique, to batɛlɛmaki na nse obturateur rouleau ya entrepôt oyo ezali kokita oyo capteur na yango ya sécurité ya bord ya se ebebaki to oyo ressort na yango ya torsion contre-équilibre epanzani. Na bokeseni na porte ya garage ya kofanda oyo ezali pɛpɛlɛ, mosali ya porte ya engrenages ya ver ya mombongo to rido ya bibende ya kilo 800 (kilo 1 760) oyo ezali kokweya ebimisaka bankóto ya Newtons ya nguya ya kokata mpe ya kokanga oyo ekoki te kozongisama nsima na mabɔkɔ ya bato mpamba ntango engrenages ya ver ezali kokangama. Koyeba ndenge ya koluka mpe kobenda levier ya kobimisa embrayage manuelle, ndenge ya kokata nguya ya kura liboso ete cycle ya chronomètre mpo na kokanga ebeta mbala ya mibale, ndenge ya kokweisa mapapu ya panique ya bokangami ya mikanda ya porte oyo ebalukaka, mpe ntango nini kozongisa nsima kobimisa charge ya konyata oyo eumelaka mingi ebikisaka bomoi ya bato.
Sala boye sikoyo¶
Soki moto akangami, anyatami, to akangami na porte ya nzela ya kokɔta na ndako oyo esalemaka na masini, na porte ya rouleau vertical ya industrie, to na porte oyo ebalukaka ya mombongo, salá mbala moko makambo motoba oyo:
- Beta bouton ya Arrêt d’urgence to kata puissance électrique avant osimba porte: Kotia motema ata moke te na kofina bouton standard ya mur OPEN to cliquant à distance kaka soki carte de commande ezali kosala malamu te, mpe ko kota ata moke te na kati ya zone ya pinch tango puissance ezali en direct. Ba portes commerciales mingi ezalaka na Timer-to-Close automatique oyo eko mema porte ya kilo mbala moko lisusu likolo na yo 15 secondes après. Finá bouton Emergency Stop ya nguba ya motane, balusá interrupteur kokata boyokani ya esika oyo ezali na ntango ya mabe te pembeni ya boîtier ya moteur na OFF, to kokanga disjoncteur.
- Benda levier ya dégagement manuel ya embrayage to drop-pin na moteur ya porte mpo na kosikola victime oyo ekangami: Okoki te kotindika porte glissante horizontale to porte ya kobalusa sima na maboko tango boîte de vitesses na yango électrique ya vitesses ver ezali ekangami. Luka armoire ya moteur na base ya porte, tourner clé ya liberation d’urgence to benda levier ya liberation manuel / manche T (to benda broche clevis esika bras hydraulique ekutani na support ya porte) pona ko désactiver boîte de vitesses po deux vistanders bakoka ko glisser to ko balancer porte longwa na victime mbala moko.
- Kokoma ata moke te na loboko na yo na nzela ya ba barres ya ebende ya porte mpo na kofina bouton ya contrôle to verrou ya liberation: Kosimba na nzela ya ba piquets verticales ya porte glissante to balancement mpo na kobeta clavier ya kati to liberation manuel tango porte ezali na puissance ezali cause ya liboso ya kokata nkingo, ntolo, mpe loboko oyo ebomaka ntango porte ezali kotambola na ngambo mosusu ya poste ya soutien. Tambola ntango nyonso na porte ya bato oyo batambolaka na makolo to salelá ba contrôles na esika oyo okoki kokɔta polele na libándá.
- Kokweisa mapapu ya "kanda ya mikanda" oyo ekabwani ya porte oyo ebalukaka na kotindika makasi na bansɔngɛ nyonso mibale ya libándá: Soki enama ya mwana, mobange oyo azali kotambola na makolo, to eloko oyo esalisaka moto atambola ekangami kati na lipapu ya porte oyo ebalukaka mpe efelo ya tambour ya verre oyo ebaluki, beta bouton rouge ya Arrêt d’urgence na poste ya tambour. Na nsima, tiká mikóló mibale bápusama makasi na ngámbo moko na ba stiles verticales ya libándá ya mapapu ya porte oyo ezali pembenipembeni mpo na kobɛtabɛta detent panique ya kokanga mikanda oyo ezali na magnétique to na masini, mpe yango ekopesa nzela na mapapu ekangama plat lokola nkasa ya buku mpe efungola esika ya monene oyo ezali na esika ya kopema.
- Chock mpe jack porte ya obturateur ya rouleau industriel oyo ekweyi avant ya ko tambola na se: Soki obturateur ya rouleau ya acier vertical ya kilo ekweyi likolo ya mosali mpo na ressort ya torsion oyo ebukani to panne ya chaîne d’entraînement, bouton UP électrique ekotombola yango te. Salelá jack hydraulique ya nse, chariot élévateur ya entrepôt, to ba barres milayi ya bibende ya pry mpo na kotombola barre ya nse na 30 centimètres (12 pouces), mpe kangisa ba blocs ya mabaya ya makasi, ba stands ya jack ya bibende, to cribbing ya brique na nse ya nsuka nyonso mibale ya barre ya nse liboso ya kobenda victime libanda na axe ya mokuwa na bango ya mokɔngɔ.
- Benga ba services ya urgence mpe tala soki asphyxie traumatique to syndrome ya crush prolongé: Benga esika ofandi banimero ya mbalakaka (911 na États-Unis mpe na Canada, 112 na Union européenne mobimba, 999 na Royaume-Uni). Soki ntolo to nkingo ya moto oyo abɛtami ekangami na nsinga, bimisá porte mbala moko mpe banda CPR ya CPR soki bazali kopema te. Soki kaka enama ya se (cuisse to ngɔmbɛ) ekangami na nse ya kilo ya makasi na boumeli ya koleka miniti 15 kino 60 mpe moto oyo azwi mpasi azali kopema malamu, tuna na dispatch ya mbalakaka liboso ya kotombola kilo mpo na kopekisa na mbalakaka kozoka ya konyata mpe syndrome ya compartiment kokangama ya potassium.
Mpo na nini okoki te kotindika porte glissante automatique na nsima kozanga ete olongola boîte de vitesses
Pene na ba portes coulissantes commerciales nionso mpe ba portes ya balancement ya moteur à vis / vitesses ver esalelaka boîte de vitesses ya réduction non-backdrivable (to frein solenoïde). Atako motɛ́lɛ ekoki kotinda porte liboso na nguya ya Newtons 2 000 kino 6 000 (450 kino 1 350 livres), kotindika na cadre ya porte na mikóló mitano ya makasi ekozongisa te engrenages ya ver na nsima ata millimètre moko te. Kolekisa miniti ya motuya mpo na koluka kozongisa misisa na porte oyo ekangami nsima wana ntolo ya mwana ekangami na likonzi ya babriki ezali koboma. Esengeli liboso obenda levier ya dégagement manuel ya embrayage na armoire ya moteur, ofungola engrenages ya rack, to osalela jack ya motuka / barre de pry mpo na kopalanganisa ba piquets ya bibende.
Arbre ya décision tactique pona ba entrapments ya porte na porte mécanisées¶
Salelá nzete oyo ya mikano ya mosala mpo na koyeba mwango ya sikisiki ya kobimisa na masini mpo na baporte oyo ebalukaka, baporte ya kobalusa, ba volets à rouleau vertical, mpe baporte oyo ebalukaka.
flowchart TD
Start["Moto oyo akangamaki to anyatami na porte oyo ezali na moteur, na obturateur à rouleau, to na porte oyo ebalukaka"] --> DoorType{"1. Système nini ya porte to ya porte esalemi?"}
DoorType -->|"A. Porte ya Nzela ya kokɔta na ndako oyo ebalukaka to oyo ebalukaka"| CutGatePower["1. Flip Motor Déconnexion Interrupteur OFF (to beta Stop) mpo na ko désactiver Timer-to-Close<br/>2. Kokoma ata moke te na nzela ya ba barres ya ba portes"]
CutGatePower --> DisengageClutch["Luka boîte ya moteur: Benda levier ya dégagement ya embrayage manuelle TO benda broche clevis na loboko ya balançoire"]
DisengageClutch --> StuckCheck{"Est-ce que sortie ekangami na clé oyo ozali na yango te?"}
StuckCheck -->|"Oui: Ekangamaki & Ekangamaki na ntolo/nkingo"| ForceGate["Salelá jack ya motuka horizontalement kati na ba piquets/poste ya porte, chaîne ya kokata na ba cutters ya boulon, to piste ya pry"]
StuckCheck -->|"Te: Embrayage elongolami"| SlideFree["Pusa porte efungwama na maboko na maboko mpe kanga yango mpo ete ekoki kozonga sima te na pente"]
DoorType -->|"B. Obturateur à rouleau en acier vertical industriel"| ShutterCause{"Moteur ya porte nde ekitisaki yango, to ressort/monyololo ebukanaki?"}
ShutterCause -->|"Moteur ekendeki na nse"| ShutterBtn["Beta bouton UP to STOP na station ya mur; soki ekufi, benda boucle ya levage ya monyololo ya maboko ya maboko"]
ShutterCause -->|"Printemps to monyololo ekangami (Free-fall) ."| JackShutter["Tombolá barre ya nse na chariot élévateur, jack ya motuka, to ba barres ya pry; chock mipanzi nyonso mibale na ba blocs ya mabaya ya makasi liboso ya kobimisa"]
DoorType -->|"C. Porte tournante ya mombongo"| RevStop["1. Beta bouton rouge ya Arrêt d’urgence na poste ya entrée<br/>2. Pusa nsɔngɛ ya libándá ya lipapu makasi mpo na kobɛta Bookfold Panic Breakaway"]
ForceGate --> MedicalTriage["Tala Nzela ya Mopepe & Kopema: Bandá CPR soki apnéi; kopekisa makila oyo ebimaka; monitor mpo na Syndrome ya Crush"]
SlideFree --> MedicalTriage
ShutterBtn --> MedicalTriage
JackShutter --> MedicalTriage
RevStop --> MedicalTriage
Matrice ya bokokanisi : ba zones ya entrapment mécanique na ba mécanismes ya liberation par type ya porte¶
Barrière nionso oyo ezali na moteur ezali na ba points spécifiques ya pinch structurel mpe na bypass mécanique dédié oyo ebongisami mpo na ba pannes ya courant mpe extrication ya urgence.
| Système ya Porte / Porte | Ba Zones ya Pinch & Crush Letale Primaire | Capteurs de sécurité standard (Mbala mingi ezangi to ezo contourner) . | Méthode ya Désengagement Manuel d’urgence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Porte coulissante horizontale (Cantilever à chaîne-Drive to Rack-et-Pinion) | 1.1. Bord ya liboso vs. colonne ya brique ya koyamba/poste ya kokanga (motambo ya kingo/ntolo) 2.1.1. Ba piquets ya koleka vs. poste ya lopango stationnaire (zone ya cisaillement ya sizo) . 3. Rouleaux guide exposés na pignon ya monyololo ya moteur (mosapi/mibeko ya kobenda) |
UL 325 / EN 12453 double-protection: ba faisceaux photoélectriques infrarouges non contact PLUS bord ya pare-chocs en caoutchouc sensibles na contact na stile ya liboso mpe ba rouleaux ya soutien ya sima. | Bobalusa touche ya liberation to flip na se cam-lock manuel de liberation manche na base ya armoire ya moteur pona ko découpler pignon ya moteur na boîte de vitesses ya ver; to kokata monyololo ya rouleau oyo ezali polele na biloko oyo bakataka na boulon. |
| Porte ya nzela ya kokɔta na ndako ya kobalusama (Brache articulée, Vis linéaire, to Ram souterrain) | 1.1. Espace ya charnière entre stile ya porte na quai ya maçonnerie (ekitisaka de 25 cm ti 2 cm tango porte efungwami, enyataka maboko/mitó) 2.1.1. Na se ya porte vs. pente ya nzela ya kokɔta na ndako oyo ezali komata 3. Lien ya loboko ya sizo |
Miso ya photoélectrique na kati ya ba arcs ya balancement ya kofungola mpe ya kokangama; amperage ya moteur interne (inhérent courant-sensing) retour ya couple. | Benda hitch/clevis pin oyo ezali kokangisa loboko ya actionneur na support ya porte; to kotia clé ya liberation triangulaire/allen na likolo ya boîtier ya actionneur pona ko free-roue vis. |
| Obturateur à rouleau vertical industriel (Rideau en acier à langue) | 1.1. Barre ya acier ya se vs. seuil ya béton (ecrasseur verticale ya guillotine ya ntolo/nkingo) 2.1.1. Kapoti ya baril ya kobalusa likolo (kobenda na bilamba ya mosali to misapi soki ozali komata likolo) |
Bande de sécurité ya nse-bord pneumatique to optique; obligatoire frein anti-fallback (dispositif de catch de sécurité) na suka ya non-drive ya arbre ya baril mpo na ko bloquer soki ressort to chaîne ekangami. | Soki ozali na nguya: finá bouton UP. Soki puissance elongi te: benda petite toggle ya dégagement mpo na ko engager monyololo ya traction manuelle ya boucle sans fin mpe benda chaîne na se loboko na loboko mpo na kotombola rido na nzela ya ba engrenages ya réduction. |
| Porte tournante commerciale (3-Ailes ou 4-Ailes Automatique / Manuel) | 1.1. Stle ya mapapu ya kokanga vs. poste ya terminal ya mur ya tambour courbe (kokatakata makolo, maboko, to torsos ya mwana) 2.1.1. Basser ya se ya lipapu vs. tapis ya sol (tambo ya talon) |
Ba rido ya présence infrarouge ya likolo, ba bandes de pare-chocs ya caoutchouc vertical na ba poteaux ya terminaux ya tambour, mpe ba interrupteurs ya gardien ya talon na rail ya se ya lipapu moko na moko. | Finá bouton ya nguba ya motane Emergency Stop; na nsima, finá makasi na nsɔngɛ ya libándá ya lipapu ya porte mpo na kolonga esika ya kokabwana ya kokanga mikanda oyo ezali na ressort to oyo ezali na électromagnétique, kokanga mapapu yango patatalu. |
Plongée profonde 1: Ba entrapments ya porte ya nzela ya kokɔta na ndako ya kogumbama mpe ya kobalusama na ndenge ya automatique¶
Baporte ya kilo ya bokengi ya ebende mpe ya bibende oyo esalemi na biloko ya kokembisa oyo ebatelaka bandako, biteyelo, bisika ya kobomba biloko yango moko, mpe bandako ya kofanda nde esalaka ete bato oyo bakufaka mingi koleka baporte nyonso oyo esalaka na masini. Na se ya norme ya sécurité ya Etats-Unis UL 325 mpe norme européenne EN 12453, porte automatique nionso oyo etiamaki sima ya mobu 2000 esengeli na mibeko ezala na au moins deux mécanismes indépendants ya protection ya entrapment (lokola limiteur ya couple interne ya détection ya courant bakisa ba faisceaux photoélectriques ya libanda to ba bords ya contact pneumatique). Kasi, bankóto ya baporte ya kala ezali mpenza na ba capteurs secondaires te, to bankolo bandako balekaka miso ya bafoto oyo ezali kosala malamu te ntango neige, araignée, to mbongwana ya alignment epekisaka porte ekangama.
Ba 3 erreurs humaines fatale autour ya ba portes automatiques¶
- Kosimba na nzela ya ba piquets ya ebende mpo na kofina bouton ya kobima na kati: Na ebele ya liwa ya CPSC oyo ekomamaki na mikanda, mokumbi makolo to mwana moko oyo atelemaki libanda ya porte glissante ya ebende forgé oyo ekangamaki akómaki na lobɔkɔ na bango (mpe akitisaki motó mpe lipeka na bango) kati na ba barres ya ebende oyo ezali semba ya 10 centimètres (4 pouces) mpo na kofina bouton ya vert "Push to Exit" oyo ekangamaki pene mingi nzela ya porte. Na mbala moko misapi na bango efinaki bouton, porte ya kilo 900 (2 000 livres) ekendeki mbangu na mopanzi, kokanga loboko mpe nkingo na bango kati na piquet ya ebende oyo ezalaki kotambola mpe likonzí ya lopango oyo etɛlɛmaki lokola sizo minene ya bibende. Na se ya UL 325, esengeli kotia ba contrôles nionso ya porte au moins 1,8 mètres (6 pieds) mosika na eteni nionso ya porte oyo ezali kotambola donc physiquement ezala impossible ya kosimba porte na bouton na tango moko.
- Bato oyo batambolaka na makolo bazali kokita na porte ya motuka oyo ezali kokangama: Baporte ya mituka oyo esalaka na masini esalemi kaka mpo na mituka mpe mituka minene, ata moke te mpo na bato oyo batambolaka na makolo, bavelo, to bana. Ntango mofandi alandi motuka na porte, Timer-to-Close to détecteur automatique ya boucle ya motuka e déclenchaka mbala moko porte ezonga sima mpe ekangama sima ya pare-chocs ya sima ya motuka, ekangamaka na mokumbi makolo oyo azali naino kotambola na esika ya bozangi.
- Kosakana to komata na porte ya cantilever oyo ezali kotambola: Bana oyo bamataka na rail ya nse ya porte glissante mpo na "kotambola" na yango efungwami, makolo, makolo, to torsos na bango ebendamaka mbala moko na ba rouleaux guide ya bibende oyo ebatelami te to pignon ya monyololo na poste ya soutien.
Extrication étape par étape na porte glissante to ya balançoire oyo ekangami na pin¶
Soki akangami moto kati na porte automatique mpe poste to efelo, landá molɔngɔ oyo ya sikisiki:
[SLIDING GATE ENTRAPMENT RELEASE SEQUENCE]
Step 1: Hit STOP or flip Electrical Disconnect OFF (Prevents Timer Re-Close)
|
Step 2: Locate Manual Clutch Release on Motor Box (Pull Handle / Turn Key)
|
Step 3: If Clutch is Padlocked & Chest/Neck is Pinned:
+--> Option A: Place Car Jack horizontally between iron pickets to spread bars
+--> Option B: Unbolt or cut drive chain / unpin swing actuator bracket
+--> Option C: Pry bottom guide wheels off the V-track with a steel bar
- Tala soki kofina OPEN ezali na likama te to soki esengeli kokata kura mbala moko:
- Soki bakangamaki na victime ntango porte ezalaki kokangama, mpe ozali na télécommande to station ya mur oyo ezali kosala kaka na loboko na yo, kofina FONGOLA (to ko déclencher bord ya caoutchouc oyo ezongaka sima) ekoki mbala moko kozongisa moteur sima na victime.
- MOBEKO YA CRITIQUE: Na mbala moko oyo porte ezongi sima na 30 centimètres (12 pouces) mpe elongoli victime, mbala mbala moko kobalusa interrupteur principal ya puissance OFF to kokanga porte na eloko ya kilo liboso ya kobenda victime libanda, mpo chronomètre automatique to carte logique confuse ekoki kokanga porte lisusu 5 secondes sima tango ozali kofukama na espace.
- Soki victime akangamaki ntango porte ezalaki kofungwama (lokola kozala na sizo kati na ba barres ya porte mpe poste ya soutien ya sima, to kokangama sima ya porte ya balançoire ya kofungwama na mur), kofina bouton ya activation standard ekoki kosala eloko te to ko diriger porte makasi. Kata nguya na interrupteur ya déconnexion mbala moko.
- Kolongola embrayage mécanique to broche ya liaison:
- Na Porte Sliding: Tala na se liboso to ngambo ya armoire ya opérateur ya moteur. Benda levier ya liberation manuel (mbala mingi poignée rouge to levier ya came oyo ekangami na fungola ya moke to na serrure) 90 degrés libanda. Yango elongolaka mbwa ya motuka libanda ya pignon mpo ete porte ebalukaka na bonsomi na nzela na yango.
- Na Porte Swing: Tala zolo ya liboso ya loboko ya actionneur linéaire esika ekangamaka na onglet ya bibende oyo ekangami na nkasa ya porte. Benda cotter pin / hitch clip libanda ya clevis pin ya bibende vertical, beta clevis pin likolo na libanga, clé, to marteau, mpe balusaka nkasa ya porte kozanga loboko ya moteur.
- Kopanzana na makasi na mbalakaka ntango liberation ya moteur ekangami na kandu:
- Soki nkingo to ntolo ya mwana ekangami kati na ba piquets mibale ya ebende oyo etelemi (to kati na piquet mpe colonne ya maçonnerie) mpe armoire ya moteur ekangami na cordón ya kilo oyo okoki kofungola te na kati ya 30 secondes, zwa jack ya sizo to jack hydraulique na coffre ya motuka oyo ezali pene.
- Tia jack ya motuka oyo ekangami na horizontal kati ya ba piquets mibale ya porte ya ebende (to kati ya stile ya porte na pilier ya briques) likolo to na se ya nzoto ya victime, mpe manivelle poignée ya jack noki. Ba piquets standard ya porte ya fer forgé to ya acier tubulaire egumbamaka libanda na pete na se ya 1.000 kilogrammes (1 tonne) ya force ya jack horizontal, kosala 10 to 15 centimètres (4 à 6 pouces) ya dégagement ya pema mpe ya extrication na 20 secondes sans kozela ba épargeurs hydrauliques ya departement ya pompiers.
- Botala soki gravité ezongaka sima na ba nzela ya kokɔta na ndako oyo ezali na nse: Soki olongoli embrayage na porte glissante oyo etongami na inclinaison, gravité ekoki kosala ete porte ya kilo ekita na vitesse makasi. Tika bato mibale oyo bazali wana básimba cadre ya porte mpe bákanga libanga, chock ya roue, to eteni ya nzete na nzela oyo ezali nsima ya ba roues ntango kaka elongwe na moto oyo azali kobɛtama.
Plongée profonde 2: Ba portes ya obturateur à rouleau vertical industriel na ba ressorts ya torsion oyo ebukani¶
Ba entrepôts ya mombongo, ba quais ya chargement, ba stations ya pompier, ba garages ya parking na se ya mabele, mpe ba vitrines ya ba magasins ya détail esalelaka ba portes ya kilo porte ya volets en acier roulant vertical (mpe ba portes ya likolo ya section sectionnelle ya ascenseur ya likolo) oyo ezali na kilo 300 à 2.000 (660 à 4.400 livres). Lokola kotombola rido ya bibende ya kilo 1 000 mbala moko na moteur électrique ekosenga levage ya grue monene, ba volets à rouleau etie motema na ba ressorts ya torsion hélicoïdale ya kilo oyo ekangami na kati to pembeni ya arbre ya baril ya likolo mpo na ko contre-équilibrer 80 to 90 pour cent ya kilo oyo ekufá ya porte.
Pourquoi ba volets à rouleau industriel ekiti lokola guillotine¶
Porte rouleau verticale enyataka moto oyo azali na nse na yango na nzela ya ba modes mibale ekeseni ya panne:
- Powered Downward Drive with Failed Bottom-Edge Sensor: Mosali azali kofina bouton DOWN (to boucle ya motuka e déclenchaka bokangami ya automatique) mpe ameki ko duck na se ya porte oyo ezali kokita to kobenda jack ya palette na nzela ya porte. Soki tuyau ya mbonge ya mopepe ya mopepe to faisceau optique na kati ya caoutchouc ya se oyo ekangami na météo enyatami, ekatamaki, to elongolami, moteur ya engrenages ya 3 phases oyo ezali na couple makasi ekitisaka rido ya bibende semba na mokɔngɔ, na ntolo to na nkingo ya mosali, mpe ekangamaka na yango plat na seuil ya béton.
- Rapture ya Torsion Catastrophique, Arbre Fin, to Drive-Chain (Free-Fall Crash): Tango ressort ya torsion ya likolo oyo elɛmbi epanzani, to tango monyololo ya rouleau oyo ekangisaka moteur électrique na pignon ya baril ebukani na porte oyo ezangi frein ya sécurité anti-fallback (inertie catch) oyo ezali kosala, kilo ya kufa oyo ezali na boyokani te ya bibende rido ekitisaka mbangu na nse ya nguya ya kobenda biloko na nse ya segɔnde 1,5, mpe ebɛtaka na nse ya béton.
Kobimisama litambe na litambe uta na nse ya porte ya obturateur rouleau¶
| Mode ya échec | Pourquoi ba Contrôles Standard Elonga To Elonga | Ndenge ya sikisiki ya kobimisa biloko |
|---|---|---|
| Scénarios A: Moteur akitisaki porte likolo ya victime (Spring & chain ezali intact) | Ressort ya contre-équilibre ezali kaka ko soutenir 85% ya poids ya porte; motɛ́lɛ ezali kosimba to kotindika yango na nse. | 1.1. Finá bouton vert UP na station ya contrôle ya mur; na mingi ya ba entrapments intact-moteur, moteur ezongisaka sima mpe etombolaka porte na 2 secondes. 2.1.1. Soki contrôle électrique ekufi: Benda ba toggle ya fil oyo ekangami na moteur ya likolo mpo na ko changer na mode manuelle, sima benda monyololo ya maboko ya boucle sans fin na se mpo na ko manivelle porte likolo. |
| Scénarios B: Ressort ya torsion ekatamaki to monyololo ya motuka ebukani (Loud bang & free-fall drop) | Kofina bouton électrique UP ekotombola porte TE, mpo moteur ya puissance fractionnelle ya chevaux ekoki te kotombola 800 kg (1.760 lbs) ya poids mort soki ressort ya torsion oyo ebukani te. | 1.1. Kolekisa ntango TE na kofinaka bouton ya efelo soki moteur ezali kobaluka na bonsomi to ezali konguluma na serrure oyo ekangami. 2.1.1. Benga chariot élévateur, jack ya palette, to jack ya sol ya motuka, to sangisa basali 4 to 6 na ba barres ya pry ya bibende. 3. Tombola mpe bébé na mbala moko: Pry to jack barre ya se likolo 30 cm (12 in) mpe glisser ba blocs ya mabaya ya makasi 4x4, ba palettes ya mabaya ebele, to ba stands ya jack ya bibende na nse ya NZOTO MIBALE ya nsuka ya loboko ya mwasi mpe ya mobali ya rail ya nse yambo ya kobenda victime libanda. |
Kotyela ata moke te motema na chariot élévateur to na jack ya motuka yango moko kozanga ba blocs ya bébé ya makasi na nse ya porte ya rouleau oyo ebukani
Porte ya obturateur rouleau oyo ezali na ressort ya torsion oyo ekatani ezali na soutien zéro ya likolo; bozito na yango mobimba ya kilo 500 kino 1 500 (kilo 1 100 kino 3 300) epema likoló na eloko nyonso oyo esimbaka barre ya nse likoló. Soki sceau ya jack hydraulique ekiti to barre ya pry ebimi na béton ya slick ntango babikisi bazali na mitó mpe mapeka na bango na nse ya porte kobenda moto oyo azwi mpasi libanda, rido ya bibende ekonyata babikisi. Glissé ntango nyonso ba blocs ya mabaya ya makasi, ba briques, to ba chocs ya roue ya bibende na se ya ngambo mibale ya rail ya se tango porte ezali komata.
Plongée profonde 3: Ba entrapments ya écrasture ya porte tournante commerciale na liberation ya panique "bookfold".¶
Baporte minene ya mapapu misato mpe ya mapapu minei oyo ebalukaka na masini oyo batye na bisika ya kokɔta na otɛlɛ, na balopitalo, na libándá ya mpɛpɔ mpe na bandako milai ya bakompanyi ebalukaka batambour ya kilo ya vitre mpe ya aluminium oyo etambwisami na ba moteurs ya ring oyo ezali likoló. Malgré ba capteurs ya présence infrarouge mpe ba bandes de pare-chocs verticales na ba murs ya terminal ya tambour courbe, ba portes tournante ekoki kokanga bana mike, ba mibange oyo batambolaka, ba poussette, mpe ba carts ya bagages na point ya cisaillement esika lipapu oyo ebalukaka e balabala koleka bord ya mur courbe stationnaire.
Ndenge nini ko collapser ba "bookfold" mapapu ya kokabwana na moins de 10 secondes¶
Porte tournante nionso oyo eyokani na code na Amérique du Nord, Europe, mpe Royaume-Uni (etambwisami na ANSI/BHMA A156.27, NFPA 101 Code ya bokengi ya bomoi, mpe BS EN 16005) esalemi na ingénierie na mecanisme ya urgence ya kokabwana ya ba boutons ya mikanda mpo ete porte ekoki kokanga bavandi te na tango ya évacuation ya moto to ya mécanique jam. Mapapu ya vitre oyo ebalukaka esimbami na ba angles ya 90 degrés to 120 degrés na ba détents ya boule oyo ezali na ressort, ba broches ya cisaillement, to ba serrures électromagnétiques na ba pivots ya likolo mpe ya se.
- Etape 1: Beta bouton ya Arrêt d’urgence ya nguba rouge: Na poste ya entrée verticale ya mur ya tambour courbe, luka bouton rouge ya taille ya loboko Bouton ya Arrêt d’urgence mpe beta yango na kati. Yango ekataka couple ya moteur na moteur ya likolo mpe ebimisaka ba serrures électromagnétiques ya mapapu.
- Etape 2: Pusa makasi na nsɔngɛ ya libándá ya semba ya lipapu ya porte mpo na kobɛta lipaso ya kokanga mikanda:
- Koluka te kobalola arbre central ya kilo mobimba na sima contre boîte de vitesses ya moteur.
- Tia maboko mibale na plat contre cadre ya aluminium vertical ya libanda (stile) ya lipapu ya porte oyo ezali ko piner victime, pe tinda makasi na 250 à 400 Newtons (55 à 90 livres) ya force mosika na victime oyo akangami.
- Lipapu ekobima na detent na yango ya ressort mpe ekangama plat contre lipapu oyo ezali pembeni lokola kobalusa lokasa ya buku, ekofungola esika ya dégagement ya 60 à 90 centimètres (2 à 3 pieds) mpe ekobimisa pression na enama to nzoto oyo ekangami.
Plongée profonde 4: Triage médical pona ba blessures mécaniques ya écrasement ya porte na porte¶
Soki moto oyo azwi mpasi abimi na porte oyo ezali na motuka to na obturateur rouleau, to ntango azali kozela bisaleli ya kobikisa na mai soki ekangami na nsinga ya nse, triage médical esengeli kosilisa makama mibale ya physiologique engebene esika oyo porte ebɛtaki nzoto mpe ntango boni etikalaki ekangami.
1. Compression ya ntolo, ya nkingo, to ya libumu (Asphyxie traumatique & hémorragie interne) .¶
Ntango porte glissante horizontale ekangami mwana to mokóló na nkingo to na ntolo na likonzí ya briki, to volet rouleau ekiti na mokɔngɔ mpe na ntolo ya mosali: - Kobimisama mbala moko ezali obligatoire: Segɔnde nionso ya compression ya ntolo to ya kingo epekisaka ventilation mpe epekisaka retour ya veine jugulaire wuta cerveau. Bimisa pression ya porte mbala moko. - Bobateli nzela ya mopepe mpe ya mokuwa ya mokɔngɔ C: Fungola nzela ya mopepe na kosalelaka manœuvre ya kopusama na mbanga ntango ozali ko stabiliser motó mpe nkingo na maboko soki porte ebuka mokuwa ya mokɔngɔ ya mama (tala spinal injuries). - Kozongisama na bomoi: Soki moto oyo azwi mpasi azali koyanola te mpe azali kopema malamu te, banda CPR ya CPR mbala moko.
2. Konyata bansuka na boumeli ya ntango molai (>15 kino 60 minutes) mpe kopekisa Syndrome ya konyata¶
Soki porte ya rouleau oyo ekweyi kilo to porte ya bibende oyo elongolami na nzela ekangami kaka makolo, cuisse, to pelvis ya moto oyo azwi mpasi** (kotika ntolo, nkingo, mpe nzela ya mopepe na ye kozanga kopema mpo ete bakoka kopema malamu), mpe kilo esili kokanga enama yango na motambo uta koleka miniti 15 kino 60: - Likama ya potassium ya reperfusion: Na kati ya misisa ya makolo oyo enyatami, baselile oyo ezangi makila epanzani (rhabdomyolyse), ekɔtaka potassium, myoglobine, mpe acide lactique na makila oyo ekangami na nse ya nzela ya porte. - Kobongisa tango ya kotombola na ba paramédicaux ya EMS: Soki moto oyo azwi mpasi akangami na makolo na boumeli ya miniti koleka 30 kino 60 mpe ambulance ezali koya na kati ya miniti, kosolola na basali ya lisalisi ya liboso ya 911 / 112 / 999 yambo ya kotombola porte ya kilo na makolo. Mbala mingi ba paramédicaux babandaka hydration saline normale intraveineuse mpe ba kisi ya motema avant kilo ya konyata etombolama mpo ete surge ya potassium oyo ezali kokende mbangu uta na makolo kino na motema e déclencher arrêt cardiaque te. Talá kozoka ya konyata mpe syndrome ya compartiment.
Liste ya vérification ya audit ya sécurité préventive pona ba portes automatiques na ba portes roulantes¶
Bakolo bandako, bakambi ya biteyelo, ba conseils ya HOA, mpe bakambi ya ba entrepôts bakoki kopekisa ba blessures mécanisées ya porte mpe ya porte na ko vérifier ba contrôles oyo motoba ya ingénierie:
- Vérifier mobeko ya distance ya bouton ya contrôle ya 1,8 mètres (6 pieds): Meka distance na clavier ya porte na yo, lecteur ya carte, to bouton "Push to Exit" ya kati na piquet to charnière oyo ezali pene oyo ezali kotambola ya porte. Soki moto moko akoki kosimba porte ntango ozali kofina bouton, tyá poste ya commande na esika mosusu na ntaka ya mɛtrɛ ata 1,8 to 3 (6 to 10 feet).
- Tia écran ya maille ya fil likolo ya ba piquets ya fer na ba portes coulissantes: Soki porte coulissante horizontale ezali na ba barres verticales ya polele oyo ezali na esika ya koleka 4 centimètres (1,5 pouces) na kati, tia maille ya matériel ya acier ya 12 millimètres (½-inch) na elongi ya porte mpe panneau ya lopango oyo ezali pembeni na yango na bosanda ya 1,8 mètres (6 pieds) mpo mwana to moto oyo atambolaka na makolo akoki kokóma na lobɔkɔ to motó na nzela ya biloko oyo ezali kotambola.
- Meka ba photo-eyes oyo ezali na contact te mpe ba bords reversants ya contact sanza na sanza: Tia carton to eteni ya mabaya ya 4x4 na nzela ya porte ya kokanga to porte ya rouleau. Barrière esengeli kotelema mpe kozonga sima automatiquement avant ya kobeta obstacle (na nzela ya faisceau infrarouge) MPE tango ya kosimba obstacle (na nzela ya se sensible to bord ya liboso).
- Vérifier ba gardes rouleau rigide mpe ba arrêts physiques positifs ya suka na ba portes coulissantes: Tala soki ba rouleaux guides nionso oyo ezali exposés na ba portes coulissantes ya cantilever na V-track ezali na ba couvercles ya garde ya misapi ya bibende, mpe soki ba supports ya catch en acier boulonés etiamaki na ba bouts nionso mibale ya piste mpo porte moko ekoki jamais ko rouler na ba rouleaux guides na yango mpe ko topper plat likolo ya abystander.
- Kopesa nzela ya kotambola ya bato ya makolo ekeseni, oyo ekangami te: Kotika ata moke te bato oyo batambolaka na makolo, bana ya kelasi, to bato oyo batambolaka na velo básalela porte ya motuka oyo ezali na motuka lokola nzela ya makolo; pesa ntango nyonso porte ya bato oyo batambolaka na makolo oyo ezali pembenipembeni.
- Bomba fungola ya kobimisa na maboko ekangami na kati ya boîte ya vitre ya kobukana na porte: Botia boîte ya ba clés ya kobuka verre ya mbalakaka oyo ekoki kopekisa météo pene na opérateur ya porte (na libanda ya zone ya pinch) mpo ete moto nyonso oyo azali kotala to mobombi moto akoki kolongola boîte de vitesses na segɔnde zomi.
Silisa cours ya secours ya liboso oyo e certificat mpe ya traumatisme ya crush
Kosilisa cours ya secours ya liboso ya maboko, CPR, mpe soins ya ba traumatismes uta na Croix-Rouge, Ambulance St John, to mopesi ya bokengi na mosala epesaka yo bisaleli mpo na kokamba banzela ya mopepe mpe choc yambo ete ba paramédicaux bakoma.
Mituna oyo batunaka mingi¶
Why can't several strong adults simply push a motorized sliding driveway gate backward off a trapped person?
Almost all commercial and residential sliding driveway gates are driven by non-backdrivable worm-gear reduction gearboxes or electromagnetic motor brakes. Pushing against the gate frame from the outside locks the gear teeth tighter and will not rotate the gearbox backward. To move the gate by hand, you must first pull the manual clutch release lever or turn the release key on the motor housing to disconnect the gate from the gearbox.
How do you free someone trapped in an automatic gate if the manual release lever is padlocked?
First, flip the electrical disconnect switch next to the motor to OFF (or hit the red Emergency Stop button) so an automatic timer cannot drive the gate further. If the victim's chest or neck is pinned between vertical iron pickets or against a masonry column and the clutch release is padlocked, place a car jack horizontally between the iron gate bars (or between the gate edge and the brick post) and crank the jack to bend the steel bars apart by 10 to 15 centimeters (4 to 6 inches). You can also use bolt cutters to sever an exposed drive chain or a wrench to unbolt the swing-arm bracket.
Why is it so dangerous to reach through the bars of a gate to press the open button on the other side?
Reaching an arm or leaning a shoulder through the vertical iron pickets of a sliding or swinging gate to press an interior wall button places your limb and neck directly inside a scissoring shear zone. The instant your finger presses the button, the motorized gate accelerates sideways across the stationary fence post, pinning your arm and neck between the moving iron bar and the fixed post. Gate buttons must always be mounted at least 1.8 meters (6 feet) away from the gate.
Why won't pressing the electric UP button lift a warehouse roller shutter door that just slammed shut with a loud bang?
If an industrial vertical roller shutter drops suddenly with a loud bang, its overhead counter-balance torsion spring or drive chain has snapped. Because a roller door's torsion spring supports 80 to 90 percent of the steel curtain's weight, the small electric motor cannot lift the dead weight of the curtain on its own when you press UP. Rescuers must use a forklift, hydraulic floor jack, or steel pry bars to lift the bottom rail and slide solid wood blocks under both ends before pulling the victim out.
How do you release the wings of a commercial revolving door if someone is trapped?
Every commercial revolving door is built with a "bookfold" panic breakaway mechanism required by building fire codes. First, slap the red mushroom Emergency Stop button mounted on the entrance post to cut motor torque and release magnetic locks. Then place both hands against the outer vertical edge of the door wing pinning the victim and push firmly away from the victim; the wing will pop out of its spring detent and fold flat against the adjacent wing like turning the page of a book.
Why should you be cautious when lifting a heavy industrial door off a person's legs if they have been pinned for over an hour?
If a heavy door is pinning a victim's chest, neck, or abdomen, you must lift it immediately so they can breathe. However, if only the victim's lower legs or thighs have been crushed under heavy weight for more than 15 to 60 minutes while they are breathing normally, damaged muscle cells in the oxygen-starved legs accumulate toxic levels of potassium and myoglobin. Coordinate with arriving EMS paramedics so they can start intravenous fluids and cardiac medications as the load is lifted.
Ba sources e vérifié¶
- Commission ya bokengi ya biloko ya basali ya Etats-Unis (CPSC, Etats-Unis): Ba alertes ya likama ya bokangami ya porte ya kofanda mpe ya mombongo ya automatique mpe ba Bulletins ya botosi ya mibeko ya bokengi UL 325.
- Laboratoires ya ba sous-écrits (UL, Etats-Unis): Norme UL 325 mpo na ba opérateurs mpe ba systèmes ya porte, drapery, porte, louver, mpe fenêtre (Masengami ya protection ya entrapment secondaire).
- Mokambi ya bokolongono mpe bokengi (HSE, Royaume-Uni): Baporte oyo ezali na nguya: Bobateli na botiami mpe bosaleli (INDG293 / Bulletins ya bokengi na ntina ya liwa ya porte glissante mpe ya obturateur rouleau).
- Comité européen ya normalisation (CEN, Union européenne): EN 12453 (Baporte mpe baporte ya industrie, ya mombongo mpe ya garage - Bobateli na bosaleli ba portes oyo esalaka na nguya) mpe EN 16005 (Ba porte ya ba piétons oyo esalaka na nguya - Normes ya kobuka ba portes tournante).
- Association ya ba fabricants ya ba systèmes ya porte & accès (DASMA, Amérique du Nord) mpe Fédération ya Porte & Matériel (DHF, Royaume-Uni): Ba fiches techniques ya ba appareils anti-fallback ya porte roulante mpe sécurité ya opérateur ya porte.