Mino oyo ebɛtami mpe makambo ya mbalakaka ya mino¶

Ntango mino ya mokóló oyo ezali libela ebetami mobimba na monɔkɔ (kopanzana ya mino), miniti nyonso ezali na ntina. Likolo ya misisa ya mino ezipami na bamilio ya baselile ya ligament parodontale oyo ezali pɛtɛɛ mpe ya bomoi oyo ebandi kokufa na boumeli ya miniti 15 to 30 soki batiki yango ekauka na mopɛpɛ. Kosimba mino na bozindo na motole na yango ya mpɛmbɛ mpe kozongisa yango na kati ya socket na yango to kozindisa yango na miliki ya malili na boumeli ya miniti 30 to 60 epesaka monganga ya mino libaku monene ya kozongisa mino na yo ya bomoto mpe kobikisa yango mpo na bomoi na yo mobimba.

Buku oyo ezali kolobela matambe ya kobikisa mbala moko mpo na mino ya bebe oyo ebɛtami mpo na libela na oyo ya liboso, ndenge ya kotambwisa mino oyo epusami na kati to oyo ebukani, ndenge ya kopekisa kobima makila makasi na monɔkɔ mpe na monɔkɔ, mpe ndenge ya komona ba infections ya nkingo ya mozindo oyo ekoki koboma moto lokola angina ya Ludwig.

Sala boye sikoyo¶

1. Luka mino oyo ebetami mpe kamata yango KAKA na motole ya pembe. Kosimba, kofina, to kokatakata ata moke te mosisa ya jaune, mpo konyata ba fibres microscopiques ya ligament na misisa epekisaka mino ekangama lisusu na mokuwa ya mbanga.
2. Vérifier soki ezali mino ya mokóló ya libela to mino ya bebe ya mwana. Kokɔtisa lisusu mino ya liboso (bebe) ata moke te na kati ya socket ya mino ya mwana moke, mpamba te kotindika mino ya bebe nsima na kati ebebisaka mbuma ya mino ya mokóló ya libela oyo ezali kokola mbala moko na nse na yango.
3. Sukola mino ya bosoto ya libela na malembe na boumeli ya ata 10 secondes. Soki mino ya mokóló ekweaki na bosoto to na pavement, simbá yango na motole mpe sukola yango mwa moke na boumeli ya 10 secondes na miliki ya malili, saline stérile, to mai ya malili ya robinet oyo ezali koleka; kopangusa yango ata moke te, kosalela sabuni ata mokolo moko te, mpe kokaukisa yango ata moke te na tissu.
4. Kotisa lisusu mino ya libela na kati ya socket na yango mbala moko soki moto azali na conscience. Orienter mino etali na nzela ya malamu (kokanisa yango na mino ya pembeni), glisser yango na malembe na socket ya mino na nzela ya pression ya misapi, mpe tika moto aswa na nse na malembe na elamba ya peto oyo ekangami to na gaze stérile mpo na kokanga yango makasi.
5. Kozindisa mino na miliki ya malili soki okoki kokotisa yango lisusu te. Soki socket ezali kosala mpasi mingi to ebebi, bwaka mino mbala moko na mwa kɔpɔ ya miliki ya ngombe ya malili, Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (kit ya Save-A-Tooth), to saline stérile; kozinga mino ata moke te na serviette ya kokauka to kobomba yango na mai ya pɛto ya robinet.
6. Get to an emergency dentist or hospital within 30 to 60 minutes. Call ahead while en route so the dental team can prepare a flexible splint before the periodontal ligament cells die.

Decision flow for dental trauma and acute tooth emergencies¶

flowchart TD
    Start["Acute Dental Injury or Severe Mouth Pain"] --> AirwayCheck{"Are there airway or neck red flags?<br/>Drooling, trouble breathing/swallowing,<br/>floor-of-mouth swelling, or head injury?"}

    AirwayCheck -->|Yes| Call911["Call Emergency Dispatch Immediately<br/>911 US/Canada, 112 EU, 999 UK<br/>Keep patient sitting upright leaning forward"]
    AirwayCheck -->|No| TraumaType{"What type of dental emergency occurred?"}

    TraumaType -->|Knocked-Out Tooth (Avulsion)| ToothAge{"Is it an adult tooth or a baby tooth?"}
    ToothAge -->|Permanent Adult Tooth| Reinsert["Pick Up by Crown Only and Rinse 10 Sec Max<br/>Gently reinsert into socket OR submerge in cold milk<br/>Reach dentist within 30 to 60 minutes"]
    ToothAge -->|Primary Baby Tooth| NoReinsert["Do NOT Reinsert Baby Tooth<br/>Bite on clean gauze to stop gum bleeding<br/>See pediatric dentist within 24 hours"]

    TraumaType -->|Pushed Out of Position (Luxation)| LeaveInPlace["Do NOT Force Tooth Back with Pliers or Fingers<br/>Bite gently on soft cloth if extruded<br/>See emergency dentist within 2 to 6 hours"]
    TraumaType -->|Broken Crown or Lost Filling| SavePieces["Save Broken Tooth Fragments in Milk<br/>Cover sharp edge with dental wax or temporary cement<br/>See dentist within 24 hours"]

Knocked-out tooth (avulsion): permanent versus baby teeth¶

Following the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines ensures you preserve root vitality during the critical first hour after an impact.

Why handling and storage liquid matter so much¶

When a tooth is ripped from its bony socket (alveolus), the periodontal ligament (PDL) splits in half: half stays attached to the socket wall and half clings to the tooth root cementum. If those root cells dry out in open air for more than 30 to 60 minutes, or if they are submerged in plain tap water (which has very low osmolality and causes root cells to swell and burst via hypotonic lysis), the root cells die. When a dead root is reimplanted, the body's bone cells fuse directly to the tooth root (ankylosis) and gradually dissolve the root over a few years (replacement resorption).

Comparing tooth storage media (best to worst)¶

If you cannot slide a permanent tooth right back into its gum socket at the scene of the accident, place it immediately into the highest-ranked liquid available:

How to distinguish a baby tooth from a permanent adult tooth¶

Children between the ages of 6 and 12 have a "mixed dentition" containing both primary baby teeth and newly erupted permanent adult teeth:

• Age 5 and younger: Almost certainly a primary baby tooth. Do not reinsert it.
• Age 6 to 8 (Front upper incisors): The permanent upper and lower central front teeth usually erupt between ages 6 and 8. Newly erupted permanent incisors are noticeably larger, slightly yellower, and have three small rounded bumps (mamelons) along their biting edge, whereas baby teeth are smaller, chalky white, and have flat, worn biting edges.
• When in doubt: Never force a questionable tooth back into a child's socket. Place the tooth immediately into a cup of cold milk and drive straight to an emergency dentist, who can identify it in seconds and reimplant it if it is permanent.

Displaced, loosened, or jammed teeth (dental luxation)¶

Often an elbow, fall, or steering wheel impact does not knock a tooth completely out of the mouth, but instead pushes it out of alignment while it remains partially attached to the gum socket:

• Lateral luxation (pushed forward or backward) or Extrusion (hanging loosely partway out of the socket): Leave the tooth in the mouth. Do not yank a loose tooth out, and do not try to wrench a crooked tooth back into place if it feels locked in bone. Have the patient bite gently on a damp piece of gauze to steady it and see an emergency dentist within 2 to 6 hours so they can numb the gum, reposition the bone and tooth carefully, and bond a flexible wire splint across the teeth for 2 to 4 weeks.
• Intrusion (tooth jammed up into the jawbone): Sometimes a hard impact drives a tooth vertically upward into the gum and bone so that the tooth appears shorter or disappears completely beneath swollen gum tissue, mimicking a knocked-out tooth. Never try to pull an intruded tooth down with your fingers or tools; urgent dental X-rays are required to check the root and socket floor.

Broken, chipped, or fractured teeth¶

How urgently a broken tooth needs treatment depends on which internal layer of the tooth is exposed to mouth bacteria:

Ba remplissage oyo ebungaki, mitole oyo elongolamaki, mpe bansinga ya ba braces oyo ebukanaki¶

Ntango eloko oyo bazongisaki mino ekwei to biloko ya kobongisa mino ebukani nsima ya bangonga, stabilisation mpo na mwa ntango ebatelaka structure ya mino oyo ezali polele mpe epekisaka aspiration ya mbalakaka tii monganga na yo ya mino akofungola:

• Kotondisa oyo ebunga: Sukola cavité na malembe na mayi ya mungwa ya molunge mpo na kolongola biloko ya bilei; kokatakata ata moke te na kati ya libulu yango na nsinga ya mino to na nsinga ya kokanga mino. Finá mwa boule ya moke ya ciment ya kotondisa mino mpo na mwa ntango moke (pâte d’oxyde de zinc/sulfate de calcium oyo batɛkaka na ba pharmacies) to eteni ya chewing-gum oyo elɛmbi na kati ya cavité mpo na kokanga mopɛpɛ ya malili mpe bilei (kosalela ata moke te gomme oyo ezali na sukali, oyo epesaka mpasi makasi na kati ya ba tubules dentines oyo efungwami).
• Crown (cap) ekweyi intact: Bomba couronne pe vérifier na kati na yango; soki ezali na mabulu mpe likonzí ya mino na yo oyo ezali na nse ezali malamu mpe ezali kosala mpasi te, okoki komeka kozongisa motole yango likoló ya mino. Soki esili ko glisser na pete na orientation moko ya polele, coucher na kati ya couronne na pete ya pete ya posa ya monganga te ciment temporaire ya mino, pasta ya mino, to adhésif ya mino ya prothèse mpe koswa na nse na malembe mpo na kofandisa yango tii okomona monganga na yo ya mino. Kosalela ata moke te supercolle ya ndako (cyanoacrylate) na kati ya monoko na yo, lokola ezali na poison, ebomaka nerf ya mino, mpe ebebisaka ba marges ya couronne. Soki motole ekangami to mobɛli azali mwana moke, tika motole yango na saki oyo ezali na zip mpo ete emela yango te to epema te ntango ozali kolala.
• Poking orthodontic braces wire: Soki nsinga ya arc ebimi na bracket ya sima mpe etɔbɔlaki litama na yo ya kati, meka kosalela nsuka ya effaceur ya caoutchouc ya peto ya crayon mpo na kotindika na malembe nsinga ya flexible na mino, na nsima kokaukisa bracket ya bibende na tissu mpe kofina boule ya taille ya pois ya cire de relief orthodontique (to mwa eteni ya cire oyo euti na fromage babybel écorce to bougie ya paraffine na pinch) makasi likolo ya nsuka ya nsinga ya makasi. Komeka ata moke te kokata nsinga ya kilo ya kobongisa mino na kati ya monɔkɔ na biloko oyo bakataka nsinga ya ndako longola kaka soki ezali kokanga litama, mpamba te nsuka ya ebende oyo bakati ekoki kobɛta masasi na zolo.

Mino mpasi makasi, ba abcès ya mino, mpe angina ya Ludwig¶

Mino mpasi makasi, oyo ezali kobɛtabɛta oyo elamusaka yo na mpɔngi to ebebaka na mai ya mɔtɔ mbala mingi emonisaka pulpite oyo ekoki kobongwana te to abscès périapical dentaire (poche ya pus ya bactérie oyo etongami na nsɔngɛ ya misisa oyo ekufá na kati ya mokuwa ya mbanga).

Drapeaux rouges pona angina ya Ludwig na ba infections ya espace profond ya kingo¶

Lokola misisa ya mino na yo ya nse efandaka kaka pembeni ya bisika ya misisa ya nse ya mino mpe ya nse ya monɔkɔ ya nkingo, mpe misisa ya mino ya likoló efandaka na bamilimɛtrɛ na nse ya sinus mpe ba sockets ya miso na yo, abcès ya mino oyo esalemi te ekoki kobuka plaque ya mikuwa ya mbanga oyo ezali moke mpe kopalangana nokinoki na nkingo to likoló epai ya bɔɔngɔ:

• Angina ya Ludwig (cellulite bilatérale ya nse ya monoko): Soki bokono oyo euti na molar ya nse epalangani na nse ya monoko, mabele ya pete ya monoko ekomi makasi lokola mabaya, evimbaka, mpe etombwami, kotindika monoko likolo mpe nsima na nsamba ya monoko mpe ekangama mobimba na nzela ya mopepe na boumeli ya bangonga.
• Thrombose sinus cavernous mpe cellulite orbitale: Soki abcès ya likolo ya canine to ya molar epalangani likolo, esalaka kovimba noki mpe motane zingazinga ya liso moko, paupière ya miso ekita, komona mbala mibale, to motó mpasi makasi.
• Ntango nini kokende mbala moko na departema ya lopitalo ya nokinoki (biro ya mino ya mbala na mbala te): Luka mbala moko lisalisi ya ER ya lopitalo mpo na antibiotiques intraveineuses mpe bobateli ya nzela ya mopepe soki mpasi ya mino ezali elongo na kovimba nyonso oyo emonanaka na libanda ya elongi, mbanga, litama, miso, to nkingo, mokakatano ya kofungola monoko na yo na monene koleka misapi mibale (trismus), monoko oyo etombolami to kovimba makasi na nse ya monoko, kozoka to komela na mpasi, to fièvre mpe malili.

Pasi ya libateli mpe kosilisa kovimba ntango ozali kozela monganga ya mino¶

1. Komela ba kisi ya kosilisa mpasi anti-inflammatoires ya monoko: Mpo na mikóló oyo bakoki komela ba AINE sans danger, kosangisa ibuprofène ya monoko oyo esalemi na programme (oyo etali kovimba ya prostaglandine na kati ya mokuwa) na acétaminophène (paracétamol) engebene na malako ya étiquette ya emballage epesaka makasi ya kosilisa mpasi ya mino koleka moko to mosusu nkisi yango moko.
2. Pakola malili kaka na libanda ya litama: Simbá pakɛ ya malili oyo ezingami na eloko ya kosukola na libanda ya mbanga na boumeli ya miniti 15, miniti 15 ya kopema. Kotia ata moke te pad ya chauffage to molangi ya mayi ya moto na libanda ya mbanga oyo ezali na ba abcès, lokola molunge ya libanda epanzanisaka misisa ya makila ya elongi mpe ebendaka pus libanda na nzela ya loposo ya matama.
3. Sukola na malembe na mayi ya mungwa ya molunge na kati ya monoko: Fungola 2,5 millilitres (0,5 cuillère à thé) ya mungwa ya mesa na 240 millilitres (8 onces) ya mayi ya molunge, simbá monoko moko likolo ya mino oyo ezali kosala mpasi na boumeli ya 30 secondes, mpe sopa yango na malembe.
4. Bobatela motó na yo likoló na ba oreillers mibale to misato: Kolala mobimba ematisaka tansion artérielle na motó mpe na mbanga, mpe yango esalaka ete abcès ya mino ebɛta makasi mingi na butu.

Kopekisa kobima makila makasi na monɔkɔ, na mbɛbu to na monɔkɔ¶

Monoko, mbɛbu mpe muqueuse ya monɔkɔ ezali na makila mingi mpenza, mpe mwa litangá ya makila oyo esangani na monɔkɔ moko ya nsɔi esalaka ete bampota ya monɔkɔ ezala mabe mingi koleka ndenge ezali.

• Mpo na makila ya socket post-extraction: Sukola monoko na malembe mbala moko na mayi ya malili mpo na ko effacer ba coagulation oyo ezali lokola gelée oyo ekangami te, rouler pad ya gaze stérile humide (to sac ya thé noir standard humide, oyo ezali na astringent naturel acide tannique oyo e constricter ba capillaires mpe e accélérer coagulation ya ba plaquettes) na cylindre ferme, tia yango directement likolo ya espace ya socket, mpe koswa na nse na pression ya kokita te, oyo ekatanaki te na boumeli ya miniti 30 kino 45 mobimba kozanga kofungola monoko mpo na kotala yango. Kobwaka nsoi, kosukola, komɛla likaya, komɛla mai ya mɔtɔ, to kosalela matiti ya komɛla na boumeli ya ngonga ata 24.
• Mpo na kopasuka ya mbɛbu, ya litama, to ya monoko: Salelá elamba ya pɛto to gaze stérile mpo na kofinafina mbɛbu to monoko oyo ezali kobimisa makila makasi kati na mosapi monene mpe mosapi ya index na boumeli ya miniti 10 to 15 oyo ezali kolandana. Luka suturation médicale to ya mino na kati ya ngonga 6 soki kokata mbɛbu ekatisi ndelo ya vermilion (ligne distincte esika lips rose ekutani na loposo ya elongi, oyo esengaka couture ya précision mpo na kopekisa notch cosmétique ya libela), soki perforation eleki nzela mobimba na lipeka, to soki kokata monoko ezali na gaping, molai koleka 1 centimètre (0,4 pouces), to ezali kokoba kobima makila makasi nsima ya miniti 15 ya kofinafina makasi.

Fractures ya mbanga, dislocation ya articulation temporomandibulaire, mpe traumatisme ya mikuwa ya elongi¶

Mbala mingi, ba impacts ya énergie makasi oyo ebetaka to ebukaka mino e transférer force mécanique makasi na mbanga ya likolo (maxilla), mbanga ya se (mandible), mokuwa ya matama (zygome), to articulation temporomandibulaire (TMJ) mbala moko liboso ya canal ya matoyi. Koyeba fracture to dislocation ya mbanga na ebandeli epekisaka malocclusion ya libela ya koswa, kobebisama ya misisa, mpe kokangama ya nzela ya mopepe.

Bilembo ya likebisi ya kliniki ya mandibule to maxilla oyo ebukani¶

Salá vérification ya malembe na miso mpe na maloba nsima ya kobɛtama nyonso na nsuki ya motó, na litama to na monɔkɔ:

• Malocclusion aiguë (mino ekokani lisusu esika moko te): Ata soki mokuwa ya mbanga ebongwani na milimɛtrɛ moko na 2, esalaka ete mobɛli ayoka ete mino na ye ya likoló mpe ya nse ebɛtaka na mbalakaka liboso ya ntango na ngámbo moko to etikaka esika oyo ezali polele na ngámbo mosusu ntango bazali koluka kokanga monɔkɔ na ye na malɛmbɛ.
• Déformité ya pas to hématome sublingual: Soki otali na kati ya munoko ya se, omoni que blister ya makila ya violet-noir ya moindo ezali kosangana na mabele ya monoko na se ya monoko (signe clinique classique ya fracture ya nzoto mandibulaire) to misalignement ya escalier oyo emonanaka na molongo ya mino accompagné na split vertical oyo epasuka, oyo ezali kobimisa makila na tissus ya environ.
• Kozoka ya mbɛbu ya nse mpe ya nsuki ya motó: Nerf alvéolaire inférieur elekaka mbala moko na nzela ya mabulu na kati ya mokuwa ya nse ya mbanga liboso ya kobima na nsuki ya motó. Soki mbɛbu ya nse to nsuki ya motó eyokaki mpenza kolɛmba to kolɛnga nsima ya kobɛtama na mbanga (kozanga anesthésie ya mino), mbala mosusu mandibula ebukani na nzela ya misisa.
• Mobilité ya mbanga ya likolo (fractures ya Le Fort): Soki kosimba mino ya likolo ya liboso na malembe emonisi que arc ya mino ya likolo mobimba to palate ya makasi etambolaka separatement na oyo etikali ya crâne, to soki fluide ya mayi ya polele (fluide cérébrospinal) etanga na zolo pembeni ya ba bruits makasi ya milieu ya elongi, mobeli azui fracture maxillofaciale ya énergie makasi oyo esengaka mbala moko Transport ya centre ya traumatisme ya niveau 1.

Lisalisi ya liboso mpo na mbanga oyo ebukani to oyo epanzani¶

1. Kobatela mobɛli afanda semba mpe amikitisi mwa moke liboso: Soki mbanga ya nse ebukani na bisika mibale (lokola fracture parasymphyse bilatérale), ba attachements ya misisa oyo ekangaka monoko liboso ebungisaka ancre na yango ya mikuwa, kopesa nzela na monoko ekita nsima mpe kokanga zolo soki mobɛli alali na mokɔngɔ na ye. Tika bafanda liboso mpe basokola makila mpe nsɔi na kɔpɔ to na eloko ya kosukola.
2. Kokanga ata moke te to kokanga mandɛfu makasi: Ba manuels ya kala ya lisalisi ya liboso oyo basalelaka mpo na kopesa toli ya kokanga bandage makasi na nse ya nsuki ya motó mpe likoló ya mokuwa ya motó. Ba protocoles ya traumatisme ya mikolo oyo epekisi kokanga mbanga oyo ebukani na nsinga, mpamba te soki mobɛli azali kosanza mpo na kolɛmba nzoto to komela makila ntango mino na ye ekangami esika moko, akokɔtisa kosanza na mimpululu na ye mpe akokangama. Na esika ya kosala bongo, tiká mobɛli asimba nse ya nsuki ya motó na ye na malɛmbɛ na lobɔkɔ na ye moko to asimba mwa moke compress ya malili mpo na kovimba.
3. Dislocation aiguë ya TMJ (jaw locked wide open): Tango mosusu ko jawner large, kosanza, to kozua coup tango munoko ezali polele esalaka que condyle rond ya mbanga ya se e glisser liboso likolo ya eminence articulaire ya crâne pe ekangama liboso na yango. Mobɛli akoki kokanga monɔkɔ ata moke te, alobaka na mongongo oyo etɛngamá, mpe ayokaka misisa makasi liboso ya matoi. Koluka ata moke te kobɛta to na makasi kokanga mbanga oyo ekangami na mabɔkɔ, mpamba te yango ekoki kokata nkingo ya condylaire; komema mobɛli na departema ya lisalisi ya nokinoki to monganga ya lipaso ya monɔkɔ epai minganga bakoki kopesa ye bankisi oyo elɛmbisaka misisa to biloko oyo ekangamaka na misisa na esika yango mpe kosala kokitisa na mabɔkɔ oyo etambwisami na nse mpe nsima.

Socket sèche post-extraction (osteite alvéolaire) na péricoronite¶

Likambo nyonso ya mbalakaka ya makasi ya mino esalemaka te na ntango oyo moto azoki; mibale ya ba conditions orales aiguës oyo epesaka pasi mingi esalemaka mikolo sima ya extraction ya mino to zinga zinga ya mino ya mayele oyo ezali kobima.

Socket ya kokauka (osteite alvéolaire) sima ya kobimisa mino¶

Ntango balongoli mino ya molar to ya mayele oyo ekoumela libela, makila ya motane makasi esalemaka na kati ya esika oyo mikuwa ezali mpamba mpo na kobatela mokuwa ya mbanga ya mbindo mpe nsuka ya misisa ntango misisa ya sika ya mino ezali kokola na ngambo mosusu. Soki makila wana oyo ebatelaka epanzani liboso ya ntango to emɛli yango na mpasi ya mabe (na ndakisa komɛla likaya, komɛla masanga, kobwaka nsoi na makasi, to komɛla na nzela ya matiti ya matiti), mokuwa ya alvéolaire oyo ezali mpamba mpe ya mpɛmbɛ etikalaka mbala moko na mopɛpɛ, na bilei mpe na nsɔi.

• Ndenge ya kokesenisa mpasi ya normal post-extraction na socket ya kokauka: Pasi ya kobikisa normal ekoma na sommet na ba heures 24 à 48 ya liboso sima ya lipaso mpe ebonga se kokende mokolo na mokolo. Socket ya kokauka mbala mingi ebeta mikolo 3 to 5 sima ya extraction na mpasi ya mbalakaka, makasi, ya mozindo ya mpasi oyo etangamaka uta na socket ya pamba tii na litoi, liso, temple, mpe nkingo na ngambo wana ya elongi, elongo na elengi ya mabe mpe nsolo mabe. Mbala mingi soki otali na kati ya prise na mwinda ya poche, omoni libulu oyo ezali komonana lokola mpamba mpe mokuwa ya mpɛmbɛ ezali komonana na nse na esika ya kozala na eloko moko ya motane makasi.
• Ndenge monganga ya mino asalisaka socket ya kokauka: Ba kisi ya mpasi ya monoko yango moko mbala mingi te etelemisaka mpasi ya socket ya kokauka mobimba. Benga monganga ya mino to monganga ya mino oyo abimisaki mino mpo na botali mokuse ya mokolo moko: bakolongola na malembe biloko ya bilei oyo ekangami na socket na saline stérile mpe bako pakola socket na pansement spécialisé ya kisi (mbala mingi ezali na eugenol, extrait analgésiques ya mafuta ya clou de girofle, esangani na pâte ya lipaso oyo ekitisaka motema). Elamba yango ya nkisi ezipaka mokuwa oyo ezali komonana mpe mbala mingi elongolaka mpasi 80 kino 90 % na boumeli ya miniti 15.

Péricoronite aiguë zingazinga ya mino ya mayele oyo epanzani ndambo¶

Ntango molar ya misato ya nse (mino ya mayele) ekɔti kaka na katikati ya mino na nsima mpenza ya mbanga, libenga moko ya monene ya misisa ya mino (oyo babengaka operculum) ekangamaka likoló ya esika oyo mino ezali koswa. Ba particules ya biloko ya kolia mpe plaque ezo glisser facilement na se ya flap oyo ya gomme esika poussière ya brosse ya mino ekoki kokoma te, e déclenchaka infection aiguë ya bactérie ya pasi oyo babengi péricoronite.

• Bilembo: Libenga ya mino na coin ya sima ya mbanga ekomi kovimba, motane makasi, mpe ekómaka pɛpɛlɛ; koswa na nse enyataka libenga oyo evimbi na lino ya mayele ya likoló; pus ekoki kobima na nse ya libenga; mpe kovimba oyo epalangani na misisa ya kotafuna oyo ezali pene (pterygoïde médian mpe masseter) esalaka ete ezala mpasi mpe mpasi mpo na kofungola monɔkɔ (trismus).
• Soin ya mbala moko na ndako mpe ba drapeaux rouges: Tondisa seringue ya irrigation ya plastique ya nsɔngɛ ya kogumbama (to kosukola yango na makasi) na mai ya mungwa ya molunge (2,5 millilitres / 0,5 cuillère à thé ya mungwa na 240 millilitres / 8 onces ya mayi ya molunge) sima ya bilei nyonso mpo na kosukola biloko oyo ekangami na nse ya libenga ya gomme, mpe komela ibuprofène ya monɔkɔ oyo ebongisami. Tala monganga ya mino na kati ya ngonga 24 kino 48 mpo na irrigation professionnelle sous-operculum mpe antibiotiques soki esengeli. Soki péricoronite epesaka kovimba na nse ya mbanga, fièvre, mokakatano ya komela nsɔi, to kozanga likoki ya kofungola monɔkɔ na yo koleka santimɛtrɛ 2 (0,8 pouces), kende mbala moko na salle d’urgence.

Prévention ya traumatisme dentaire na assemblage ya gardien ya munoko¶

Koleka 60 % ya ba avulsions ya mino ya mpasi mpe kobukana ya motole esalemaka na tango ya masano ya contact, ya velo, ya skateboard, mpe ya komata na scooter. Kobongisa trousse compact ya kobikisa mino mpo na ndako na yo, biro ya infirmier ya eteyelo, to saki ya ngambo ya masano ebikisaka miniti ya ntina mingi ntango impact esalemi:

• Lata eloko ya kokanga mino oyo esalemi na kolanda bamposa ya moto to oyo ekoki kotɔka mpe koswa: Garde-munoko ya thermoplastique oyo ekoki kobongwana emɛlaka mpe ekabolaka nguya ya kobɛta na kati ya arc ya mino mobimba, ekómisaka ba incisions ya liboso ya likoló mpe ekitisaka likama ya kobukana ya mino mpe ya kobukana ya condyle mandibulaire.
• Bomba récipient ya Save-A-Tooth (HBSS) oyo endimami na ADA: Bomba récipient ya Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution oyo ekangami na kati ya trousse ya secours ya liboso ya équipe na yo ya sport pembeni ya ba éponges ya gaze stérile ya 5 par 5 centimètres (2 par 2 pouces), cire de relief orthodontique, pâte temporaire ya kotondisa oxyde de zinc, mpe nitrile ba gants ya monganga.

Mituna oyo batunaka mingi¶

Ba sources e vérifié¶

• International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT): 2020 Guidelines for the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries: Avulsion of Permanent Teeth, Fractures, and Luxations, and Injuries in the Primary Dentition (International)
• American Dental Association (ADA): Managing Dental Emergencies, Knocked-Out Teeth, and Cracked Teeth Clinical Guidance (United States)
• UK National Health Service (NHS) and Scottish Dental Clinical Effectiveness Programme (SDCEP): Management of Acute Dental Problems and Dental Trauma (United Kingdom)
• American Association of Endodontists (AAE): Treatment Standards for Avulsed and Fractured Permanent Teeth (United States)

Ba guides oyo etali yango¶

• Head injuries and concussion warning signs
• Severe bleeding control
• Sepsis and septic shock recognition
• Adult choking first aid
• Annuaire ya ba numéros ya urgence