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ʻO Attic Ridge Vent a i ʻole Gable Vent Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hau i ka makani: Holo ka hau i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hale ma o ka pā maloʻo o ke kaupaku.

He ʻokoʻa nā helu ulia pōpilikia ma ka ʻāina. Hoʻohana kēia ʻaoʻao i ka 911, ka helu no ʻAmelika a me Kanada. Nui nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana i ka 112, 999, a i ʻole ka helu ʻē aʻe. E huli i ka helu no kou ʻāina.

I ka wā e paʻi mai ai ka makani ʻino ma mua o 65 mau mile i kēlā me kēia hola (40 mau mile i kēlā me kēia hola) a me nā mahana haʻahaʻa ma lalo o -7 degere Celsius (20 degere Fahrenheit), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā aniani hau e like me ke kō. Ke alakaʻi ʻia e ke kaomi aerodynamic kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka piko o ka hale a i ʻole i ka paia gable, lele pololei ka hau pauka ma mua o nā puka makani o ka hale i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia, nā puka makani i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia, nā puʻupuʻu gooseneck, a me nā panela soffit puka e kūkulu i kahi 200 a 500-kilogram (440 a i 1,100-1,100-pound fiberglass ma luna pono o ka hau. hoʻokaʻawale. Ma muli o ka noho ʻana o ka attic ma lalo o ka hau i ka wā o ka hau hau, ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe nona ka hale i ka pā hau i loko i ka wā e huhū ai ka ʻino. Hoʻomaka ka waikahe ma 12 a 48 mau hola ma hope i ka wā e wela ai ka lā ma hope o ka ʻino i nā ʻeleʻele o ka hale ma luna o 0 degere Celsius (32 degere Fahrenheit), e hoʻoheheʻe ai i nā haneli haneli o ka hau attic paʻa ma luna o nā keʻena lumi moe ma luna o ka lani. Inā e kahe ana ka wai mai nā hale kaupaku o luna, nā mea ʻike uahi, a i ʻole nā hono lipine paʻa maloʻo ma hope o ka makani ʻino, e nānā i kā mākou alakaʻi pilikia e hāʻule ke kaupaku wai, ko makou ka hau nui, nā pā hau, a me ke alakaʻi hiolo o ka hale, a me kā mākou ka uhi ʻana o ka leak a me ke alakaʻi hoʻopaʻa ʻana, a mālama i kou wahi helu pilikia mākaukau inā kūlou ke kaupaku piha i lalo a komo ka wai i loko o nā pahu uila ikaika.

ʻAʻole like me ka leak o ka hale kuʻuna a i ʻole ka wai hau ea e kahe wale ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pā o waho, ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hau attic i ka makani e hoʻolei i ka wai ma lalo pono o waena o ka hale ma lalo pono o ka laina kuapo o ka hale a i ʻole ma waena o kahi lumi ma lalo o kahi louver gable. Inā piʻi ʻoe i loko o ka hale i ka wā e maloʻo ana ka hau hau, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻohi a lawe i ka 90 pakeneka o kēlā hau i waho o ka hale i loko o nā pahu waiho ʻilika ma mua o ka lilo ʻana i 400-lita (105-galani).

E hana i kēia i kēia manawa

  1. Hoʻopi i nā mea hoʻomaha kaapuni no nā kukui keʻena o luna, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe o ka lumi hale lole, a me nā mea ʻike uahi e pili ana i kahi e kahe ana ka wai. E hoʻoheheʻe ka hau hoʻoheheʻe i nā ʻeke fiberglass a me nā loko ma luna pono o nā pahu hui uila ma waena o ka lumi. E hele i kāu papa haʻihaʻi nui a hoʻohuli i nā kukui o luna i hoʻopilikia ʻia a me nā mea haki i ka OFF ma mua o ka hoʻopā ʻana i nā poʻe kukui mākū a i ʻole ke heʻe ʻana ma lalo o kahi kaupaku.
  2. Hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻōhū wai kūloko a me nā puddles maloʻo maloʻo mai lalo me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lua uē 3-milimeter (⅛-inihi) i loko o ka bākeke. Inā ʻōhū ka wai ʻeleʻele i kahi ʻōmole pena latex a i ʻole ke kulu ʻana ma kahi wili lipine maloʻo i loko o kahi lumi o luna, e kau i kahi tarp a me kahi bakeke 20-lita (5-galani a me ka pahu pahu hoʻokahi ma lalo o 3 ʻīniha) puka ma kahi haʻahaʻa loa o ka pohū me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi screwdriver Phillips liʻiliʻi a i ʻole awl. ʻO ka hoʻokahe ʻana i ka wai paʻa e pale 13-millimeter (1/2-inch) gypsum pale maloʻo mai ka ʻohi ʻana i ka wai a hāʻule i ka lumi ma lalo.
  3. **E piʻi i loko o ka hale hoʻokipa me ke kukui poʻo, nā kuli, ka ʻili lepo a i ʻole ka ʻōʻō hau ʻili o ke keiki, a me ʻelua mau pahu waiho ʻilika he 40-lita (10-galani).metal edges slice hidden Romex electrical cables buried under snow and insulation). E lawe mai i ʻelua mau papa hele wāwae 19-milimita (¾-ʻīniha) plywood (at least 40 x 120 centimeters / 16 x 48 inches) e hoʻomoe ma luna o nā ʻūhā kaupaku ma ke ʻano he kahua hana palekana.
  4. E HIKI I KA PALAPALA LAAU A I OLE KA PALAPALA LALO IHO: Mai hehi i ka pahu hau a i ʻole ke aniani fiberglass ma waena o nā ʻūhā. Ma lalo o ka hau keʻokeʻo a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe 13-milimita (½-inihi) brittle gypsum drywall e nahaha pololei ai ke kaupaku ma lalo o kou lumi moe. Holoi i ka hau a me ka ʻaoʻao insulation me ka lima lima e ʻike i ka paʻa 38-millimeter (1.5-inch) ka ʻaoʻao lāʻau o kēlā me kēia pahu ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana i kou kaumaha.
  5. E ʻohi i ka hau hau a i ʻole ka hau hau ma luna o ka hale hoʻopulapula i loko o nā pahu plastik a e hoʻolei i loko o kāu ʻauʻau ʻauʻau. E ʻimi i ka ʻōpala keʻokeʻo maʻemaʻe o ka hau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ipu lepo nui a i ʻole ka ʻilika, e kū 1 kenimika (0.5 ʻīniha) ma luna o ka fiberglass a i ʻole cellulose hoʻopiha piha ʻole i ʻole ʻoe e uhae i ka hoʻopulapula. E hoʻouka i kēlā me kēia pahu plastik i ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 kilokani (33 paona), e hāʻawi i lalo i ke alapiʻi o ke keʻena, a hoʻolei i ka hau i loko o ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai.
  6. E hoʻomoe i ka ʻili pepa polyethylene kaumaha a me nā kāwele ʻauʻau ma lalo o nā ʻōpala i koe ʻole ʻia, a hoʻonohonoho i kahi pahu pahu i loko o ka puka o ka hale. E ʻili i ka ʻāpana o luna i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a hoʻonoho iā lākou i loko o nā pahu plastik a i ʻole ma luna o kahi paʻi kiʻi e maloʻo. E hoʻopaʻa i ka peʻahi pahu i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe wai a holo i kahi dehumidifier ma ke ala o luna, akā ** ʻAʻole loa e hoʻopili i kahi mea hoʻomehana uila 1,500-watt i mālama ʻole ʻia a i ʻole propane torpedo heater i loko o kahi attic paʻa lāʻau**.

No ke aha e heʻe ai i loko o kahi hale i uhi ʻia i ka hau me ka ʻole o nā papa hele wāwae e hāʻule koke ai ka lewa i nā ʻeha

I kēlā me kēia hoʻoilo, loaʻa nā mea hale i nā haʻihaʻi a me nā ʻeha o ke kuamoʻo i ka wā e piʻi ai lākou i loko o ka hale kupapaʻu e hoʻoheheʻe i ka hau i puhi ʻia a hele i waena o nā kuʻi o ke kaupaku: - Hoʻopio ʻo Snow i nā Joist Bays: Hoʻopiha ka hau hau i nā awāwa ma waena 38 x 140 mm (2x6) a i ʻole 38 x 184 mm (2x8) nā hoʻopaʻa kaupaku a hiki i ka papahele keʻokeʻo holoʻokoʻa me he ʻili keʻokeʻo paʻa. - Kaula Romex i kanu ʻia a me nā pā kui ʻo Truss: Huna pono ʻia ma lalo o kēlā pālani hau e hoʻoikaika ʻia. 120V / 240V metala ʻole (Romex) nā uwea uwila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o nā poʻo o luna, nā pā uʻi puʻupuʻu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me nā kui o ka hale e kū ana he 15 millimeters (0.6 ʻīniha) ma lalo o ka hale hoʻoheheʻe i luna. - Ka Rula Holoi Papa ʻelua: E waiho ʻelua 19-millimeter (3/4-inch) nā papa lāʻau ʻeleʻele e kū pono ana ma kahi o ** ʻekolu mau ʻūhā kaupaku**. E kukuli ma ka Papa A oiai e hoea ana i mua no ka holoi ana i ka hau mai na hookui a e pahee i ka Papa B mamua ou; Mai kau i ke kuli a i ʻole ka kāmaʻa ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe koe wale nō ma luna o kahi lālā kālai lāʻau i hōʻoia ʻia a i ʻole ka papa hele wāwae.

Ka lāʻau hoʻoholo: Ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka leak hau hau ma hope o ka hau hau

E hoʻohana i kēia kumulāʻau hoʻoholo e hoʻokaʻawale i ke komo ʻana o ka hau i ka makani mai kahi pā hau eave, e wehe i ka nui o ka hau ma mua o ka heheʻe ʻana, a hoʻopaʻa hou i ka puhi ʻana o ka hau me ka ʻole o ka paʻa ʻana i ka wai.

flowchart TD
    Start["Ke kulu nei ka wai mai ka lewa o luna ma hope o ka makani makani kiʻekiʻe (65+ km/h / 40+ mph makani)"] --> WhereLeak{"1. Aia ma kahi o ke kaupaku o luna ka wai a kulu paha?"}

    WhereLeak -->|"Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka paia o waho a i ʻole ke poʻo o ka puka makani"| IceDam["LIKELY EAVE ICE DAM: E nānā i nā ʻauwai o waho no nā hau mānoanoa a me ka hoʻihoʻi hau ma lalo o nā shingle haʻahaʻa. E hoʻohaʻahaʻa i 1.2 mika (4 ft) o ka hau hau mai ka honua"]

    WhereLeak -->|"Ma kahi kokoke i ka CENTER o ka hale (ma lalo o ke kualono o ka hale) A i ʻole ma kahi o ka paia hope a i ʻole ka peʻahi lumi ʻauʻau"| OpenHatch["1. E pani i ke kukui o luna a me na mea hookiekie kaapuni o ka makani."]

    OpenHatch --> SnowState{"2. He aha ke kūlana o ka hau hau i loko o ka hale i kēia manawa?"}

    SnowState -->|"ʻO ka pauda paʻa paʻa a i ʻole ka puʻu Slushy ma luna o ka Insulation"| ShovelOut["KAHIKI HAU KĀWAI: E kau i 19 mm (3/4 in) nā papa hele lāʻau plywood ma waena o nā hui. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lepo lepo a i ʻole ka ʻōpala ʻili liʻiliʻi, e ʻohi i ka hau hau i loko o 40 L (10 gal) mau pahu plastik, e hāʻawi iā lākou i lalo o ke alapiʻi, a hoʻolei i ka hau i loko o ka ʻauʻau."]

    SnowState -->|"Ua hooheheeia iloko o na Batts Fiberglass Saturated a me ka Pooling on Drywall"| WetVac["KA HOʻOKE WAI EMERGENCY: E lawe i kahi ʻūhā mākū/maloʻo hale kūʻai a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeke plastik a me nā kāwele ma luna o nā papa hele wāwae. E hoʻokiʻekiʻe i nā ʻeke fiberglass i hoʻoluʻu ʻia i loko o nā pahu plastik, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai kū mai luna o ka pā maloʻo, a holo i nā mea pā."]

    ShovelOut --> TempBaffle["KANAWAI 3 (STORM BAFFLE): Hoʻopaʻa hale synthetic hiki ke hanu a i ʻole ka umu polyester furnace kānana media ma loko o ka louver gable a i ʻole slot kuapo."]
    WetVac --> TempBaffle

Pehea e puhi ai ka hau hau ma mua o nā puka makani o ka hale: Aerodynamics o ke kualapa, gable, a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka soffit

ʻO nā kulu ua wai a me nā kristal hau hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka makani e hoʻolohe i nā physics aerodynamic ʻokoʻa loa:

HOW 70 KM/H (45 MPH) BLIZZARD WIND DRIVES POWDER SNOW INTO AN ATTIC:

      [70 km/h (45 mph) Wind + Fine Powder Snow (-10 C / 14 F)]
           ===========================================>
                                    |
                     (Upward Roof   v  [Non-Baffled Ridge Vent Slot]
                      Slope Jet)   //==============================\\
                                  //       |                |       \\
                                 //        v (Snow Plume)   v        \\
 [Gable Louver] ===> (Snow Jet) //    [ 200-500 kg SNOWDRIFT PILE ]   \\
                     ==========//     [ ON TOP OF ATTIC INSULATION ]   \\
                               ||  ==================================  ||
                               ||  [Joist] [13mm Drywall] [Joist]      ||
                               ||             |      |                 ||
                               ||             v      v (Melts 24h Later||
                               ||        [Bedroom Ceiling Collapse]    ||

1. No ke aha e hāʻule ai ka ua -10 C (14 F) Lana ka hau pauka i uka

  • **Ka Wehewehe Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana Kūlana ʻo ia (2 to 4 millimeters in diameter) loaʻa ka wikiwiki hāʻule hope o 7 a 9 mau mika no kekona (15 a 20 mph) a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻoi i luna i puka makani. Ke hāʻule ka mahana o waho ma lalo -7 degrees Celsius (20 degrees Fahrenheit) a ua oi aku ka makani 65 km/h (40 mph), nahaha ka hau i loko o ka microscopic 50- a 200-micron ice needles (spindrift) nona ka māmā holo ma lalo o 0.3 mika no kekona (0.6 mph).
  • Ka Bernoulli Venturi Effect ma ka Roof Ridge: I ka holo ʻana o ka makani ʻino i kahi pali o ka hale, ʻo kēlā me kēia puka makani i nele i ka aerodynamic wind baffle o waho a i ʻole ** lole kānana ʻaʻole i ulana ʻole ʻia ** e like me ke kiʻi. Piʻi ka makani i luna o ka hale, komo i ka ʻaoʻao makani o ke kuamoʻo, hoʻonui aʻe i loko o ka lewa attic mālie (where air velocity drops to zero), a hoʻolei i nā haneli haneli o ka hau pauka i loko o kahi pā hau laina ma lalo o ka iwi kuamoʻo waena o ka attic.

2. ʻO ka 4 Attic Vent Types Loaʻa ʻia i ka Blizzard Snow Infiltration

ʻAno ʻAtika Puka Pehea ke komo ʻana o Blizzard Snow Kahi e ahu ai ka hau hau ma ka hale luna Hoʻoponopono Paʻa Kūʻai Kūʻē Kūʻē (After the Storm)
1. ʻAʻole i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia a i ʻole Mesh-Roll Shingle-Over Ridge Vents ʻO nā puka makani mesh-roll (or metal ridge vents without external storm baffles) e ʻae i ka makani e puhi ana i luna o ka hale e pahū ma ka ʻaoʻao 38 mm (1.5-inch) puʻu kualapa ʻO kahi ** laina hau hau lōʻihi (10 to 30 meters long, 30 to 60 cm deep)** e holo ana ma ka laina waena o ka papahele ma lalo pono o ka piko o ka hale E hoʻololi me kahi Wāhi Hoʻopaʻa Rigid Ridge Vent i waho me kahi Membrane kānana ʻaʻole i ulana ʻole ʻia (certified to Miami-Dade TAS 100A)
2. ʻO Louvered Gable End Vents (Triangular or Rectangular Wall Louvers) ʻO ka paʻi ʻana o ka makani i ka paia gable kūpaʻa e hoʻolalelale i ka piʻi i 45 degrees, e pana ana i ka hau pauka maikaʻi ma waena o nā lau louver paʻa a ma o ka 6 mm (1/4-inch) pale He puʻi hau me ke ʻano o ka peʻahi (1 to 4 meters long and up to 90 cm / 3 ft high) ahu i loko o ka hale keʻena ma hope pono o ka pā makani E hoʻokomo i loko Pleated Synthetic Filter Baffle Box (MERV 4 hog-hair polyester filter mat) ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka pahu puka makani
3. Nā Louvers Kūleʻa-Kua (Box Vents / Turtle Vents) a me nā Puʻupuʻu Gooseneck Puhi ka hau ma ka ʻaoʻao ma lalo o ka waha hāmama o static 750-series nā puka makani pahu metala a i ʻole ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia Poʻai ** mau puʻu hau (20 to 50 kg each)** ma lalo pono o kēlā me kēia puka makani o ka hale, a i ʻole ka hau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka ʻauwai peʻahi lumi lumi E hoʻololi i nā puka makani pahu hāmama me Baffled Storm-Collar Roof Louvers, a e hōʻoia i kēlā me kēia pāpale hoʻokuʻu o ka halepaku he **puāwai-hoʻouka ʻia i hope **
4. Nā Puka Puka Vinyl Soffit (With Missing Rafter Baffles) Huli pololei ka makani i ka paia o ka hale i loko o nā panela soffit eave, e puhi ana i ka hau ma luna o ka pā o waho o ka pā i ka wā i haʻalele ʻia ai nā ʻauwaʻa o ka pua. Hoʻahu ʻia nā hau hau ma ka waho 1 mika (3 kapuaʻi) ke anaina o ka hale hoʻopuʻu hale ma luna o nā puka makani lumi moe a me nā paia o waho. E hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka ʻūhā ʻoʻoleʻa Rafter Vent Baffles i ka papa luna me ka fiberglass makaʻole e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka hakahaka ma lalo o ka pahu.

Kaʻanuʻu-ka-ʻanuʻu: Ka wehe ʻana i ka hau hale noho palekana ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka lā

Ke ʻike ʻoe i kahi hau hau e noho ana ma luna o kou hoʻopulapula hale, ** helu ʻia kēlā me kēia hola ʻoiai aia ka ea attic ma lalo. 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit)**. Hoʻokahi mika cubic (35 cubic feet) o ka hau hau i piha i ka makani he 200 a 300 kilokani (440 a 660 paona) a hehee i loko o 200 a 300 lita (53 a 80 galani) o ka wai wai:

Māhele 1: Hoʻonohonoho ponoʻī a me ka papa hele wāwae

  1. ʻaʻahu no Sub-Zero Fiberglass Work: E kau i ka lami poʻo, kahi N95 respirator lepo, ** mau maka maka makamae**, mau manoanoa hana pale wai, a me puʻi kuli kīwī.
  2. E hoʻomākaukau i kāu Puali Haʻi Hau (ʻElua Kanaka Relay):
  3. Hana ke kanaka #1 i loko o ka hale luna ma ** ʻelua 19-millimeter (3/4-inch) nā papa hele lāʻau ʻala** (cut narrow enough to pass up through the attic scuttle hatch, e.g., 45 x 120 cm / 18 x 48 in).
  4. Kū ka mea #2 ma lalo o ke alapiʻi e komo ai i ke keʻena me ʻehā mau pahu waiho ʻilika he 30 a i ka 45-lita (8 a i ka 12-galani) (or 20-liter / 5-gallon buckets) e lawe pololei i kēlā me kēia pahu i hoʻopiha ʻia i ka ʻauʻau ʻauʻau a hoʻihoʻi i nā pahu hakahaka i luna o ke alapiʻi. ʻO ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka hau i loko o ka ** ʻauʻau (e holo ana i ka wai wela no 30 kekona i kēlā me kēia 4 bins)** e hoʻoheheʻe ai i nā haneli haneli o ka hau i lalo o ke kahawai me ka ʻole o ka ʻino i loko.

Māhele 2: Ke ʻimi ʻana i ka hau hau me ka ʻole o ka uhae ʻana i ka hoʻopulapula

  1. E hoʻohana i nā mea hana palaki wale nō: E hoʻohana i ka pane ʻilika ākea, ka ʻōpala hau ʻilikai a ke keiki, kahi kīʻaha i ʻoki ʻia mai loko mai o ka hue plastik 4-lita (1-galani), a i ʻole kekahi kīʻaha plastik nui. Mai hoʻohana i ka ʻōpae kila a i ʻole ka ʻōpala alumini (metal edges slice vapor barriers, rip fiberglass, and cut hidden 120V electrical wires).
  2. Skim the Clean White Snow Crust (Stop 1 Centimeter / 0.5 Inch Above the Insulation): ʻO ka hau pauka e ka makani e noho ana ma luna o ka fiberglass anu a i ʻole ka cellulose e hoʻokumu i kahi ʻōpala paʻa e hoʻokiʻekiʻe pono i luna o ka insulation ʻoiai ke anuanu ka hale. E ʻohi i ka 95 pakeneka o ka hau keʻokeʻo maʻemaʻe i loko o kāu ʻeke plastik, e waiho wale ana i ka lepo ʻeleʻele o nā kristal hau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o nā fiber luna.
  3. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka Layer Frost i koe (For Loose-Fill Cellulose or Fiberglass): Ke ʻohi ʻia ka pā hau nui i loko o nā ʻōpala, e hoʻohana i kahi māmā a maloʻo hale kūʻai (with the paper filter removed and a foam wet-sleeve installed) paʻa i 2 kenimika (1 ʻīniha) ma luna aʻe o ka cellulose hoʻopiha piha ʻole a i ʻole ka fiberglass no ka omo ʻana i ke koena o ka hau a me nā ʻeke ʻōpala me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka pale maloʻo.

Māhele 3: Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻōpala hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ka wai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wai

Inā ua hoʻololi ka lā awakea i ka neʻe ʻana i ʻōpala e kulu ana ma ke kaupaku: 1. Peel Up Soaked Fiberglass Batts ma nā ʻāpana: A waterlogged fiberglass Batts ke kaumaha 15 a 25 kilokani no kēlā me kēia mika huinaha (3 a 5 paona no kēlā me kēia kapuaʻi square), ʻoi aku ma mua o ka palena sag pulu o ka pā maloʻo kaupaku. E ʻōwili i nā ʻōpeʻa fiberglass luna i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻokomo pololei iā lākou i loko o nā pahu mālama palaki. 2. Wai Kūʻokoʻa Wet-Vac ma waho o ka pā maloʻo / ʻākeʻe māhu: E hoʻohana i ** nā kāwele ʻauʻau kahiko a i ʻole kahi mākū hale kūʻai pulu/maloʻo** no ka omo ʻana i nā puddles e noho ana ma ka polyethylene vapor retarder a i ʻole ka pā maloʻo o ke kaupaku. E waiho i ke kaʻa joist ** wehe ʻole ʻia no 24 a 48 mau hola** me ka pahu pahu e kaapuni ana i ka ea a hiki i ka 100 pakeneka maloʻo. Hiki ke hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā ʻeke fiberglass makaʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe hau maʻemaʻe ma luna o ka tarp i loko o ka hale kaʻa a i ʻole lalo me ka peʻahi a hoʻohana hou ʻia i ka wā maloʻo.

ʻO nā ʻino ʻino i loko o ka hale kūʻokoʻa (Stopping snow blow-in without causing attic condensation)

Inā e uwē mau ana ka hau a hoʻomau ka hau maikaʻi ma ka puka makani a i ʻole ke kuamoʻo, e hoʻokomo i kahi poloka makani hanu e hoʻōki ai i nā kristal hau me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻana i ka ea o ka hale.

PERMANENT vs. EMERGENCY SNOW BAFFLE AT A LOUVERED GABLE VENT:

  [OUTSIDE BLIZZARD]  |  [INSIDE ATTIC GABLE WALL]
                      |
      Snow + Wind     |   +-----------------------------------+
      ===========>   |===| 50 mm (2-in) Rigid Fiberglass or  |
                      |===| Blue Hog-Hair Furnace Filter Mat  | ==> (Clean Air
      ===========>   |===| Stapled Inside a 2x4 Wood Frame   |      Passes; Snow
                      |===| Over the Gable Louver Opening     |      Stopped 100%)
                      |   +-----------------------------------+
  1. No ke aha ʻAʻole ʻoe e hoʻopaʻa paʻa mau i ka pepa paʻa paʻa ma luna o kou mau puka makani a pau: ʻO ke kāpili ʻana i ka pahu pahu a i ʻole ka plastik ma luna o ka puka makani makani no 12 a i 24 mau hola i ka wā o ka makani hau e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ke ʻano he hoʻomaha pilikia. Eia nō naʻe, e waiho ana i ka plastik paʻa e hoʻopaʻa ana i kou puka makani ma hope o ka ʻino e paʻa ana i ka ea mehana a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka hale e piʻi aʻe mai ka ua a me ka kuke ʻana i loko o ka hale hau hau, kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ai i loko o kahi 6-milimeter (¼-inihi) pepa o ka hau keʻokeʻo e uhi ana i kēlā me kēia kaupaku hale, a laila heheʻe i ka lā aʻe o ka lā ma ke kaupaku holoʻokoʻa.
  2. Ka Breathable Filter-Mat Snow Baffle: ʻOki i kahi pepa o 25- a 50-milimeter (1- a 2-ini) hiki ke holoi ʻia polyester "Hog-Hair" HVAC moena kānana (MERV 4) a i ʻole ** ʻūhā spunbond polypropylene housewrap (Tyvek)** a hoʻopaʻa iā ia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kumu lāʻau o loko o ka puka makani (6 to 10 centimeters / 2.5 to 4 inches back from the metal louvers). Paʻi nā kristal hau kiʻekiʻe i nā kānana kānana porous, nalowale ka ikehu kinetic, a hāʻule i waho, ʻoiai e puka manuahi ka mahu o ka hale i ka hoʻoilo a pau.

Ke nānā ʻana i nā ʻauwaʻa kapuahi, nā kapuahi hoʻoheheʻe wai, a me nā ʻauwai ʻauʻau o ka lumi ʻauʻau ma ka attic.

ʻOiai e nānā ana i ka hau i hoʻokele ʻia e ka makani ma ka attic, e nānā i ʻelua mau pono komo: - 1. ʻO ka lumi ʻauʻau i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a i ʻole nā kīwaha hoʻoheheʻe kīhini: E hōʻoia i kēlā me kēia maʻalahi 100-millimeter (4-inch) Ua hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia ka puʻupuʻu o ka hale ʻauʻau i kona ʻāʻī gooseneck o ka hale a e neʻe wale ana kāna ʻūhā hoʻoheheʻe hope (blizzard wind often packs disconnected ducts full of snow). - 2. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a puni nā ʻauwaʻa kinoea B-Vent metala: E mālama i nā kāwele plastik āpau, nā pahu pahu pahu, nā kāwele, a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma kahi liʻiliʻi 15 kenimika (6 ʻīniha) ka mamao mai ka umu ahi metala a i ʻole nā paipu hoʻomehana wai (Type B gas vents) a me 75 millimeters (3 ʻīniha) ka mamao mai nā kīʻaha kukui kaupaku i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia e ka IC no ka pale ʻana i ke ahi attic.

Ka pale ʻana i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka pā maloʻo o ke kaupaku ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau

E noʻonoʻo i ka paʻa pono o ka pā maloʻo o ke kaupaku o luna:

Kūlana Lei Nā hōʻailona ʻike mai ka lumi ma lalo Pono ka hana koke
1. Hoʻopaʻa wai i ka ʻili o ka wai / pena wale nō (Drywall Still Flat and Rigid) ʻO nā apo wai melemele/ʻeleʻele a puni nā hui lipine a i ʻole nā mea kukui; ʻO ka pena latex i ʻōhū i loko o kahi ʻeke wai, akā ʻo ka papa gypsum he ** ʻaʻohe i lalo i lalo ** ma waena o nā ʻūhā. 1. Poke a 3 mm (1/8-inch) uē lua ma kahi haʻahaʻa loa o ka pohū pena ma luna o ka bākeke. 2. Wehe i ka hau a me ka pulu pulu mai luna mai. 3. E holo i ka peʻahi a me ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe no nā hola 48 (keep relative humidity below 45%)
2. ʻO Gypsum Sag (6 to 15 mm / 0.25 to 0.6 inch Bow Between Joists) ʻO ka pā maloʻo o ka lewa e kūlou ana i lalo ma waena o nā hui; ʻoluʻolu ke pāpaʻi maloʻo ke kaomi mālie me ka lāʻau broom Hoomaemae koke i ka rumi malalo iho: Mai hiamoe a hele wāwae paha ma lalo o ke kaupaku e hāʻule ana. Wehe koke i ke kaumaha o ke aniani pulu pulu mai luna mai o ka hale hale; hoʻololi i ka ʻāpana maloʻo maloʻo i hoʻomaloʻo ʻia
3. E hiolo koke mai ana (Over 15 mm / 0.6 in Sag, Pulling Nails, or Cracking Seams) ʻO nā wiliwili paʻa maloʻo/na kui e lele ana ma ka pepa pulu; e haehae ana ka lipine hui ma kahi humuhumu; wai e kahe mau ana KE HOʻOLOHE IA HE MINUTE: E hoʻopau i nā mea hoʻokaʻawale kaapuni, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lumi, e uhi i ka papahele me kahi kāpē, a e huki i lalo i ka ʻāpana maloʻo maloʻo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai kahi kihi palekana me ka pāpale paʻa a me ka pale maka.

No ke aha ʻo Post-Blizzard Sunshine e hoʻokumu ai i ka 'Clear-Sky Roof Leaks' 24 a 48 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻino

I ka wā o ka puahiohio pono'ī, ka lani pōuliuli a me -12 C (10 F) mālama ka makani i ka halepaku ma -10 C (14 F), no laila, he 300-kilogram (660-pauna) ka hau hau ma luna o kou hale ho'ohehe'e hale noho mau ka pauda malo'o (zero drips). Ke maʻemaʻe ka ʻino a paʻi ka lā i ka pōʻeleʻele o ka hale asphalt shingles (even if outdoor air is still -4 C / 25 F), ʻo ka ʻaoʻao ma lalo o ka pā hale lāʻau plywood e wela a hiki i +10 to +18 degrees Celsius (50 to 65 degrees Fahrenheit), hoʻoheheʻe i ka hau hau holoʻokoʻa i loko o 3 a 5 mau hola. E nānā mau i kou pā hale hale i loko o 6 mau hola ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka makani hau nui (before the first sunny morning) no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻohi i ka hau pauka maloʻo ma mua o ka holoi ʻana i ka wai kahe.

Nā helu ulia pōpilikia, nā code hale, a me nā kūlana hoʻoheheʻe hau

  • ** ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kanada**:
  • Nā lawelawe ulia pōpilikia (911): E kelepona koke iā 911 inā hāʻule ke kaupaku wai ma luna o ka mea e noho ana a i ʻole ke komo ka hoʻoheheʻe hau i loko o kahi papa hoʻoheheʻe uila nui a hoʻoulu ʻia.
  • ** Nā Code Hale a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o Ridge Vent (IRC Section R806 / NBC Canada 9.19): Ma lalo o ka International Residential Code (IRC Section R806) a me National Building Code of Canada (NBC Section 9.19), pono e pale nā ​​puka makani a pau i ka ua a me ka hau. Ma nā ʻāpana hau, e hoʻokomo i nā puka makani ʻoʻoleʻa kūwaho i hōʻoia ʻia ma lalo o Miami-Dade County TAS 100(A) me ka ** lole kānana hydrophobic ʻole i ulana ʻia (such as GAF SnowCountry Advanced or Lomanco OmniRidge with weather filter).
  • United Kingdom:
  • Nā Hana Kūikawā: E kelepona iā 999 (a i ʻole 112) inā hāʻule ke kaupaku pulu pulupulu a i ʻole ke ahi uila.
  • ** ʻO UK Loft Space Snow Blow-In (BS 5250 and BS 5534): I loko o nā hale kahiko o UK me ka paopao paʻa ʻole a i ʻole nā hale pālolo, hoʻolei nā makani hikina i ka hau pauka maikaʻi ma lalo o nā pā hale i uhi ʻia i ka lua loft. Ma lalo o BS 5250 a me BS 5534, e ʻohi i nā hau hau i loko o nā bākeke (stepping strictly on joists) a e hoʻokomo i kahi mea hale i ** ʻaʻahu malū-permeable underlay ** a me ** ʻōnaehana hoʻomaloʻo hoʻomaloʻo hoʻomaloʻo (BS 8612).
  • ** Hui ʻEulopa (Nordic Countries, Alpine Region, and Central Europe)**:
  • Helu ulia pōpilikia: Kāhea iā 112 ma nā mokuʻāina lālā a pau o EU. Ma Norewai (SINTEF Byggforskserien), Kuekene (Boverket BBR), ʻAuseturia, a me Switzerland (SIA 232/1), ʻo nā kaupaku i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā ʻāpana hau hau e pono ai i kahi hale lalo hiki ke paʻa i ka makani (undertak / Unterdach) a me labyrinth snow-catcher baffles (snøfanger / Schneefanggitter) ma nā āwāwa eave a me ka puʻu.
  • Australia, New Zealand, a me Asia-Pacific:
  • Nā Hana Kūikawā: Kāhea iā 000 ma Australia (or 132 500 for SES storm assistance), 111 ma New Zealand, a i ʻole 119 ma Iapana, South Korea, a me Kina. Ma lalo o AS/NZS 1170.3 a me AS 3959, hoʻohana nā hale alpine i 2-millimeter metala metala / hau hau a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i lalo; ma ka ʻākau o Iapana (Hokkaido / Tohoku), pono nā kūlana anu-anu ** nā puka puka hale i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka labyrinth (迷路構造換気ガラリ)** ka hāʻule hau i loko o kahi pahu hoʻonui.

Nīnau pinepine

No ke aha e kahe ai ka wai o koʻu kaupaku ma luna o ka lā 24 mau hola ma hope o ka hau hau?

I loko o ke anuanu, makani ʻino (ka makani makani ma luna o 65 km/h / 40 mph a me nā mahana ma lalo o -7 degere Celsius / 20 degere Fahrenheit), ʻano like nā aniani hau pauka maikaʻi e like me ka lepo e lele ana i ka lewa a pā pololei ma mua o nā puka makani i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia, nā louvers gable, a me nā puka makani i loko o kou hale anuanu. Ma muli o ka noho ʻana o ka hale hau ma lalo o ka hau i ka wā o ka ʻino, ʻo ka 200 a 500-kilogram (440- a 1,100-paona) hau hau e noho paʻa ma luna o kou uhi hale me ka ʻole o ka kulu ʻana. Hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā ma hope mai, i ka wā e wela ai ka lā ʻulaʻula i ka ʻeleʻele o ka hale ma luna o ka hau hau, e hoʻomāhana ka attic e like me ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hoʻoheheʻe i ka hau hau holoʻokoʻa i ka manawa hoʻokahi, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka wai e kahe ana ma nā kukui o ke kaupaku, nā mea ʻike uahi, a me nā hui maloʻo i waenakonu o ka hale.

Pehea e loaʻa ai iaʻu kahi hau hau ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ke kaupaku?

E pani mua i nā mea ho'ōki kaapuni no nā kukui kaupaku o luna a me nā pā. E piʻi i loko o ka hale keʻena me ke kukui poʻo, N95 mask, goggles, a me nā mīkina lima, a waiho i ʻelua 19-milimeter (3/4-inihi) plywood walk-board ma luna o nā kuʻi o ke kaupaku lāʻau (ʻAʻole loa e hehi i ka hau a i ʻole ka fiberglass ma waena o nā ʻū, a i ʻole e hāʻule pololei ʻoe ma ka pā maloʻo o ke keʻena moe). Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lepo lepo a i ʻole ka ʻōpala hau plastik a ke keiki (ʻaʻole loa he ʻōahi metala e hiki ke ʻoki i nā uwea uila), e ʻoki i ka hau keʻokeʻo maʻemaʻe mai luna o ka insulation i loko o 30 a 45-lita (8 a 12-galani) mau pahu waiho ʻilika, e hāʻawi iā lākou i lalo i ke alapiʻi hale i kahi mea kōkua, a hoʻolei i ka hau i loko o kou wai ʻauʻau e heheʻe ai.

Pono au e hoʻololi i kaʻu mea hoʻopuʻi hale keʻokeʻo ke puhi ʻia ka hau i ka makani?

Inā ʻoe e ʻohi a hale kūʻai paha ʻoe i ka hau pauka paʻa ma luna o kāu fiberglass a i ʻole cellulose insulation ma mua o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka hale a hoʻoheheʻe i ka hau, e mau ana ka insulation o lalo he 95 pakeneka maloʻo a ʻaʻole pono e pani ʻia (e holo wale i ka pahu pahu i loko o ka hale attic hatch e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka wai o ka honua). Ina ua hehee mua ka hau a pulu i na ohe aniani poni a melemele paha, e hookiekie i na ohe i hooheheeia i ka wai i loko o na pahu plastik i ole e hiolo ko lakou kaumaha kaumaha i ka paia maloo pulu, e hoomaloo i ka wai e ku ana mai luna o ka paia maloo, a e hoomaloo i na ohe aniani ma luna o ka tarpa me ka pe'ahi: ma'ema'e i ho'ohehe'e 'ia i ka hau, kahi e ho'ohana hou 'ia ai ka wai i ho'opa'a 'ia. lilo ia i ʻōpala pepa paʻa ʻole, nalowale kona waiwai-R a pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wā maloʻo.

Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻili pepa a i ʻole ka pepa pahu ma luna o koʻu mau puka makani a i ʻole ka puka makani mai loko mai o ka hale e pale i ka hau?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka pahu pahu a i ʻole ka hale hanu ma luna o ka puka makani makani no 12 a 24 mau hola i ka wā o ka makani hau e hoʻōki ai i ka puhi ʻana o ka hau, akā ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka ʻili pepa paʻa paʻa e hoʻopaʻa paʻa i kou mau puka hale a hiki i ka hoʻoilo. Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā puka makani me nā pahele plastik paʻa mehana, e piʻi aʻe ana ka ea hale mai ka ua a me ka kuke ʻana i loko o ka hale hau hau, kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka hau mānoanoa ma luna o nā kuʻekuʻe lāʻau a hoʻoulu i ka pohō nui, ka pala lāʻau, a me ka lua o ka hau hoʻoheheʻe. Akā, e hoʻopaʻa i kahi moena kānana HVAC polyester hiki ke holoi ʻia he 25 a 50-50 millimeter (1 a 2-inihi) hiki ke holoi ʻia (hoʻopaʻa lauoho puaʻa) ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka louver gable.

Pehea wau e haʻi ai inā he hau hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo ma luna o ka hau a i ʻole ka hau hau o waho?

E nānā i kahi e kulu ai ka wai a nānā i ka hale kupapaʻu ma o ka puka komo. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi wai hau ma waho ma ke kau anuanu o ka hale a hoʻihoʻi i ka wai wai ma lalo o nā lālani o lalo o nā shingle, no laila e kahe mau ana ka wai hau hau ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka pā o waho, nā poʻomanaʻo pukaaniani, a i ʻole nā ​​​​soffit. Komo ke komo ʻana o ka hau i ka makani ma ke kuamoʻo kiʻekiʻe o ka hale, ka louver paia o ka hale, a i ʻole nā ​​puka puka o ka hale, no laila e kulu pono ia ma ke ala waena o ka hale, ma waenakonu o ke keʻena lumi moe, a i ʻole ma waho o kahi peʻahi hoʻomaha. ʻO ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana i ke kukui uila i loko o ka pā hale e hōʻike koke ʻia nā puʻu keʻokeʻo o ka hau a i ʻole nā ​​lua mākū e noho ana ma luna o ka insulation ma lalo o ka puʻu a i ʻole ka puka makani.

He aha ke ʻano o ka puka kuapo o ka hale a i ʻole ka puka makani e pale ai i ka hau mai ka puhi mau ʻana i ka hale hale?

No ka pale ʻana i ka komo mau ʻana o ka hau ma ka piko o ka hale, e hoʻololi i nā puka mesh-roll palahalaha a i ʻole nā ​​puka metala ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka puka makani shingle-over ridge i hoʻolako ʻia me ka membrane kānana ʻaʻole i ulana ʻia (i hōʻoia ʻia iā Miami-Dade TAS 100A i ka ua a me ka pale hau). Hoʻohuli ka ʻēheu aerodynamic waho i ka makani o luna ma luna o ka puka makani e hana ana i ke kaomi haʻahaʻa, aʻo ka kānana hydrophobic kūloko e hoʻōki i nā kristal hau nui micron. No nā puka makani pā hale ʻekolu a ʻehā paha, e hoʻokomo i ka pahu kānana poliester pleated i loko ma hope o nā lau louver a i ʻole e hoʻohuli i ka hale i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe soffit-to-ridge kaulike a pani i nā louvers gable.

Nā alakaʻi pili

Nā kumu a me ke alakaʻi kūhelu

  • International Code Council (ICC) a me National Research Council Canada (NRC): International Residential Code (IRC Section R806: Roof Ventilation and Weather Protection) a me National Building Code of Canada (NBC Section 9.19: Roof Spaces and Snow Infiltration Control).
  • Ka Manawa Huahana o Miami-Dade County a me Florida Building Code Testing Application Standard: TAS 100(A) (Ka Hana Ho'āʻo no ka makani a me ka makani-i ka ua a me ka hau kū'ē o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe hale a me nā puka makani).
  • Ka Hui ʻEpekema Building (BSC) a me ke Keʻena ʻOihana ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (Building America Solution Center): Ka Papa Kūʻē ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike: Kāohi ʻana i ka Hoʻokomo ʻana o ka hau i ka makani ma o nā puka makani, Gable Louvers, a me Soffit Baffles i nā anu anuanu.
  • British Standards Institution (BSI) a me Building Research Establishment (BRE): BS 5250 (Management of Moisture in Buildings), BS 5534 (Slating and Tiling for Pitched Roofs), a me *BS 8612 (Dry-Fixed Ridge, Hip and Verge System for Roofslated or Tiling)
  • ** SINTEF Community (Norway) a me Swiss Society of Engineers and Architects (SIA):** SINTEF Byggforskserien 525.101 (Ventilated Cold Pitched Roofs: Kāohi i ka Drifting Snow Infiltration) a me SIA 232/1 (Pitched Roofs in Alpine Snow Zones).